51
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Eskandarian Boroujeni M, Peirouvi T, Shaerzadeh F, Ahmadiani A, Abdollahifar MA, Aliaghaei A. Differential gene expression and stereological analyses of the cerebellum following methamphetamine exposure. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12707. [PMID: 30714656 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psychostimulant that profoundly aimed at monoaminergic systems in the brain. Despite the leading role of cerebellum in sensorimotor control as well as augmented locomotor activity under the influence of METH, there are few studies examining the effect of METH administration on gene expression profiling and structural consequences in the cerebellar region. Thus, we sought to explore the effects of METH on the cerebellum, from gene expression changes to structural alterations. In this respect, we investigated genome-wide mRNA expression using high throughput RNA-seq technology and confirmatory quantitative real-time PCR, accompanied by stereological analysis of cerebellar layers along with identification of reactive astrogliosis by glial fibrillary acidic protein and behavioral assessment following METH exposure. According to our RNA-seq data, 473 unique differentially expressed genes (DEG) were detected upon METH injections in which a large number of these genes engage basically in biological regulations and metabolic processes, chiefly located in nucleus and membrane. In addition, pathway analysis of METH-induced DEG revealed several enriched signaling cascades related largely to immune response, neurotransmission, cell growth, and death. Further, METH induced a significant reduction in volumes of cerebellar layers (molecular, granular, and Purkinje) and a decrease in the white matter volume along with a rise in astrogliosis as well as increased locomotor activity. In conclusion, considering gene expression changes combined with structural alterations of the cerebellum in response to METH, these data suggest METH-induced neurotoxicity in the cerebellar region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahmineh Peirouvi
- Department of Histology, School of MedicineUrmia University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shaerzadeh
- Department of NeuroscienceMcKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville Florida USA
| | - Abolhasan Ahmadiani
- Neurobiology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Abdollahifar
- Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Abbas Aliaghaei
- Cell Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Iran
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52
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Lee YJ, Kim GH, Park SI, Lim JH. Down-regulation of the mitochondrial i-AAA protease Yme1L induces muscle atrophy via FoxO3a and myostatin activation. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:899-909. [PMID: 31725201 PMCID: PMC6933342 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy is closely associated with many diseases, including diabetes and cardiac failure. Growing evidence has shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is related to muscle atrophy; however, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. To elucidate how mitochondrial dysfunction causes muscle atrophy, we used hindlimb-immobilized mice. Mitochondrial function is optimized by balancing mitochondrial dynamics, and we observed that this balance shifted towards mitochondrial fission and that MuRF1 and atrogin-1 expression levels were elevated in these mice. We also found that the expression of yeast mitochondrial escape 1-like ATPase (Yme1L), a mitochondrial AAA protease was significantly reduced both in hindlimb-immobilized mice and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP)-treated C2C12 myotubes. When Yme1L was depleted in myotubes, the short form of optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) accumulated, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation. Moreover, a loss of Yme1L, but not of LonP1, activated AMPK and FoxO3a and concomitantly increased MuRF1 in C2C12 myotubes. Intriguingly, the expression of myostatin, a myokine responsible for muscle protein degradation, was significantly increased by the transient knock-down of Yme1L. Taken together, our results suggest that a deficiency in Yme1L and the consequential imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics result in the activation of FoxO3a and myostatin, which contribute to the pathological state of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Jeong Lee
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Gyu Hee Kim
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Ick Park
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Lim
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
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53
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Panga V, Kallor AA, Nair A, Harshan S, Raghunathan S. Mitochondrial dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: A comprehensive analysis by integrating gene expression, protein-protein interactions and gene ontology data. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224632. [PMID: 31703070 PMCID: PMC6839853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported mitochondrial dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Many nuclear DNA (nDNA) encoded proteins translocate to mitochondria, but their participation in the dysfunction of this cell organelle during RA is quite unclear. In this study, we have carried out an integrative analysis of gene expression, protein-protein interactions (PPI) and gene ontology data. The analysis has identified potential implications of the nDNA encoded proteins in RA mitochondrial dysfunction. Firstly, by analysing six synovial microarray datasets of RA patients and healthy controls obtained from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, we found differentially expressed nDNA genes that encode mitochondrial proteins. We uncovered some of the roles of these genes in RA mitochondrial dysfunction using literature search and gene ontology analysis. Secondly, by employing gene co-expression from microarrays and collating reliable PPI from seven databases, we created the first mitochondrial PPI network that is specific to the RA synovial joint tissue. Further, we identified hubs of this network, and moreover, by integrating gene expression and network analysis, we found differentially expressed neighbours of the hub proteins. The results demonstrate that nDNA encoded proteins are (i) crucial for the elevation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and (ii) involved in membrane potential, transport processes, metabolism and intrinsic apoptosis during RA. Additionally, we proposed a model relating to mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in the disease. Our analysis presents a novel perspective on the roles of nDNA encoded proteins in mitochondrial dysfunction, especially in apoptosis, oxidative stress-related processes and their relation to inflammation in RA. These findings provide a plethora of information for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Panga
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwin Adrian Kallor
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arunima Nair
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shilpa Harshan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Srivatsan Raghunathan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail:
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54
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MacVicar T, Ohba Y, Nolte H, Mayer FC, Tatsuta T, Sprenger HG, Lindner B, Zhao Y, Li J, Bruns C, Krüger M, Habich M, Riemer J, Schwarzer R, Pasparakis M, Henschke S, Brüning JC, Zamboni N, Langer T. Lipid signalling drives proteolytic rewiring of mitochondria by YME1L. Nature 2019; 575:361-365. [PMID: 31695197 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming of mitochondria provides cells with the metabolic flexibility required to adapt to various developmental transitions such as stem cell activation or immune cell reprogramming, and to respond to environmental challenges such as those encountered under hypoxic conditions or during tumorigenesis1-3. Here we show that the i-AAA protease YME1L rewires the proteome of pre-existing mitochondria in response to hypoxia or nutrient starvation. Inhibition of mTORC1 induces a lipid signalling cascade via the phosphatidic acid phosphatase LIPIN1, which decreases phosphatidylethanolamine levels in mitochondrial membranes and promotes proteolysis. YME1L degrades mitochondrial protein translocases, lipid transfer proteins and metabolic enzymes to acutely limit mitochondrial biogenesis and support cell growth. YME1L-mediated mitochondrial reshaping supports the growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells as spheroids or xenografts. Similar changes to the mitochondrial proteome occur in the tumour tissues of patients with PDAC, suggesting that YME1L is relevant to the pathophysiology of these tumours. Our results identify the mTORC1-LIPIN1-YME1L axis as a post-translational regulator of mitochondrial proteostasis at the interface between metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas MacVicar
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yohsuke Ohba
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Takashi Tatsuta
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Sprenger
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Lindner
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus Habich
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Robin Schwarzer
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manolis Pasparakis
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sinika Henschke
- Max-Planck-Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens C Brüning
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEPD), University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany. .,Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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55
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Knapp B, Roedig J, Boldt K, Krzysko J, Horn N, Ueffing M, Wolfrum U. Affinity proteomics identifies novel functional modules related to adhesion GPCRs. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1456:144-167. [PMID: 31441075 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (ADGRs) have recently become a target of intense research. Their unique protein structure, which consists of a G protein-coupled receptor combined with long adhesive extracellular domains, suggests a dual role in cell signaling and adhesion. Despite considerable progress in the understanding of ADGR signaling over the past years, the knowledge about ADGR protein networks is still limited. For most receptors, only a few interaction partners are known thus far. We aimed to identify novel ADGR-interacting partners to shed light on cellular protein networks that rely on ADGR function. For this, we applied affinity proteomics, utilizing tandem affinity purifications combined with mass spectrometry. Analysis of the acquired proteomics data provides evidence that ADGRs not only have functional roles at synapses but also at intracellular membranes, namely at the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). Specifically, we found an association of ADGRs with several scaffold proteins of the membrane-associated guanylate kinases family, elementary units of the γ-secretase complex, the outer/inner mitochondrial membrane, MAMs, and regulators of the Wnt signaling pathways. Furthermore, the nuclear localization of ADGR domains together with their physical interaction with nuclear proteins and several transcription factors suggests a role of ADGRs in gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Knapp
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Roedig
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research and Medical Bioanalytics, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jacek Krzysko
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nicola Horn
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research and Medical Bioanalytics, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research and Medical Bioanalytics, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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56
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Sprenger HG, Wani G, Hesseling A, König T, Patron M, MacVicar T, Ahola S, Wai T, Barth E, Rugarli EI, Bergami M, Langer T. Loss of the mitochondrial i-AAA protease YME1L leads to ocular dysfunction and spinal axonopathy. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:emmm.201809288. [PMID: 30389680 PMCID: PMC6328943 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in the morphology and function of mitochondria cause neurological diseases, which can affect the central and peripheral nervous system. The i‐AAA protease YME1L ensures mitochondrial proteostasis and regulates mitochondrial dynamics by processing of the dynamin‐like GTPase OPA1. Mutations in YME1L cause a multi‐systemic mitochondriopathy associated with neurological dysfunction and mitochondrial fragmentation but pathogenic mechanisms remained enigmatic. Here, we report on striking cell‐type‐specific defects in mice lacking YME1L in the nervous system. YME1L‐deficient mice manifest ocular dysfunction with microphthalmia and cataracts and develop deficiencies in locomotor activity due to specific degeneration of spinal cord axons, which relay proprioceptive signals from the hind limbs to the cerebellum. Mitochondrial fragmentation occurs throughout the nervous system and does not correlate with the degenerative phenotype. Deletion of Oma1 restores tubular mitochondria but deteriorates axonal degeneration in the absence of YME1L, demonstrating that impaired mitochondrial proteostasis rather than mitochondrial fragmentation causes the observed neurological defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Georg Sprenger
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gulzar Wani
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika Hesseling
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tim König
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Patron
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas MacVicar
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sofia Ahola
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Timothy Wai
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Esther Barth
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena I Rugarli
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matteo Bergami
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany .,Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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57
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Steele TE, Glynn SE. Mitochondrial AAA proteases: A stairway to degradation. Mitochondrion 2019; 49:121-127. [PMID: 31377246 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein quality control requires the action of proteases to remove damaged or unnecessary proteins and perform key regulatory cleavage events. Important components of the quality control network are the mitochondrial AAA proteases, which capture energy from ATP hydrolysis to destabilize and degrade protein substrates on both sides of the inner membrane. Dysfunction of these proteases leads to the breakdown of mitochondrial proteostasis and is linked to the development of severe human diseases. In this review, we will describe recent insights into the structure and motions of the mitochondrial AAA proteases and related enzymes. Together, these studies have revealed the mechanics of ATP-driven protein destruction and significantly advanced our understanding of how these proteases maintain mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler E Steele
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Steven E Glynn
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
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58
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Abstract
Mitochondria are metabolic hubs that use multiple proteases to maintain proteostasis and to preserve their overall quality. A decline of mitochondrial proteolysis promotes cellular stress and may contribute to the aging process. Mitochondrial proteases have also emerged as tightly regulated enzymes required to support the remarkable mitochondrial plasticity necessary for metabolic adaptation in a number of physiological scenarios. Indeed, the mutation and dysfunction of several mitochondrial proteases can cause specific human diseases with severe metabolic phenotypes. Here, we present an overview of the proteolytic regulation of key mitochondrial functions such as respiration, lipid biosynthesis, and mitochondrial dynamics, all of which are required for metabolic control. We also pay attention to how mitochondrial proteases are acutely regulated in response to cellular stressors or changes in growth conditions, a greater understanding of which may one day uncover their therapeutic potential.
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59
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Wright JN, Benavides GA, Johnson MS, Wani W, Ouyang X, Zou L, Collins HE, Zhang J, Darley-Usmar V, Chatham JC. Acute increases in O-GlcNAc indirectly impair mitochondrial bioenergetics through dysregulation of LonP1-mediated mitochondrial protein complex turnover. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 316:C862-C875. [PMID: 30865517 PMCID: PMC6620580 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00491.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The attachment of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to the serine and threonine residues of proteins in distinct cellular compartments is increasingly recognized as an important mechanism regulating cellular function. Importantly, the O-GlcNAc modification of mitochondrial proteins has been identified as a potential mechanism to modulate metabolism under stress with both potentially beneficial and detrimental effects. This suggests that temporal and dose-dependent changes in O-GlcNAcylation may have different effects on mitochondrial function. In the current study, we found that acutely augmenting O-GlcNAc levels by inhibiting O-GlcNAcase with Thiamet-G for up to 6 h resulted in a time-dependent decrease in cellular bioenergetics and decreased mitochondrial complex I, II, and IV activities. Under these conditions, mitochondrial number was unchanged, whereas an increase in the protein levels of the subunits of several electron transport complex proteins was observed. However, the observed bioenergetic changes appeared not to be due to direct increased O-GlcNAc modification of complex subunit proteins. Increases in O-GlcNAc were also associated with an accumulation of mitochondrial ubiquitinated proteins; phosphatase and tensin homolog induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and p62 protein levels were also significantly increased. Interestingly, the increase in O-GlcNAc levels was associated with a decrease in the protein levels of the mitochondrial Lon protease homolog 1 (LonP1), which is known to target complex IV subunits and PINK1, in addition to other mitochondrial proteins. These data suggest that impaired bioenergetics associated with short-term increases in O-GlcNAc levels could be due to impaired, LonP1-dependent, mitochondrial complex protein turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaLessa N Wright
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Gloria A Benavides
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Michelle S Johnson
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Willayat Wani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Xiaosen Ouyang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Luyun Zou
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Helen E Collins
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
- Birmingham VA Medical Center, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - John C Chatham
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama , Birmingham, Alabama
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60
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Yoon W, Hwang SH, Lee SH, Chung J. Drosophila ADCK1 is critical for maintaining mitochondrial structures and functions in the muscle. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008184. [PMID: 31125351 PMCID: PMC6553794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of AarF domain-containing kinase 1 (ADCK1) has not been thoroughly revealed. Here we identified that ADCK1 utilizes YME1-like 1 ATPase (YME1L1) to control optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) and inner membrane mitochondrial protein (IMMT) in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and cristae structure. We firstly observed that a serious developmental impairment occurred in Drosophila ADCK1 (dADCK1) deletion mutant, resulting in premature death before adulthood. By using temperature sensitive ubiquitously expression driver tub-Gal80ts/tub-Gal4 or muscle-specific expression driver mhc-Gal4, we observed severely defective locomotive activities and structural abnormality in the muscle along with increased mitochondrial fusion in the dADCK1 knockdown flies. Moreover, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP production and survival rate along with increased ROS and apoptosis in the flies further demonstrated that the structural abnormalities of mitochondria induced by dADCK1 knockdown led to their functional abnormalities. Consistent with the ADCK1 loss-of-function data in Drosophila, ADCK1 over-expression induced mitochondrial fission and clustering in addition to destruction of the cristae structure in Drosophila and mammalian cells. Interestingly, knockdown of YME1L1 rescued the phenotypes of ADCK1 over-expression. Furthermore, genetic epistasis from fly genetics and mammalian cell biology experiments led us to discover the interactions among IMMT, OPA1 and ADCK1. Collectively, these results established a mitochondrial signaling pathway composed of ADCK1, YME1L1, OPA1 and IMMT, which has essential roles in maintaining mitochondrial morphologies and functions in the muscle. Mitochondria function as energy producing factories in the cell, and thus the malfunctioning of mitochondria becomes the causes of many diseases. Especially in muscles that continuously require a vast amount of energy, dysfunction of mitochondria leads to abnormalities in muscles. Mitochondria maintain their homeostasis and recover from stresses induced by external stimuli through a dynamic process of continuous fusion and fission. Moreover, they constantly produce ATP through their wrinkled internal structure, called the cristae. We discovered that ADCK1 is important in maintaining these mitochondrial functions. In the fruit fly model, a severe developmental anomaly was observed in ADCK1 mutant, and inhibition of ADCK1 expression led to defects in locomotive activity, along with abnormalities in mitochondrial structure and functions in muscles. Interestingly, these anomalies in mitochondria were due to OPA1 and IMMT proteins that exist downstream of ADCK1, regulated by ADCK1 through a protease called YME1L1. These results provide better molecular understanding on how mitochondria contribute to degenerative diseases in the muscular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woongchang Yoon
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hong Hwang
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongkyeong Chung
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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61
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Dietz JV, Bohovych I, Viana MP, Khalimonchuk O. Proteolytic regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrion 2019; 49:289-304. [PMID: 31029640 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal changes in the abundance, shape, and cellular localization of the mitochondrial network, also known as mitochondrial dynamics, are now widely recognized to play a key role in mitochondrial and cellular physiology as well as disease states. This process involves coordinated remodeling of the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes by conserved dynamin-like guanosine triphosphatases and their partner molecules in response to various physiological and stress stimuli. Although the core machineries that mediate fusion and partitioning of the mitochondrial network have been extensively characterized, many aspects of their function and regulation are incompletely understood and only beginning to emerge. In the present review we briefly summarize current knowledge about how the key mitochondrial dynamics-mediating factors are regulated via selective proteolysis by mitochondrial and cellular proteolytic machineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan V Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Iryna Bohovych
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Martonio Ponte Viana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America
| | - Oleh Khalimonchuk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America; Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States of America; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States of America.
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62
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Wong KS, Houry WA. Recent Advances in Targeting Human Mitochondrial AAA+ Proteases to Develop Novel Cancer Therapeutics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1158:119-142. [PMID: 31452139 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8367-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrion is a vital organelle that performs diverse cellular functions. In this regard, the cell has evolved various mechanisms dedicated to the maintenance of the mitochondrial proteome. Among them, AAA+ ATPase-associated proteases (AAA+ proteases) such as the Lon protease (LonP1), ClpXP complex, and the membrane-bound i-AAA, m-AAA and paraplegin facilitate the clearance of misfolded mitochondrial proteins to prevent the accumulation of cytotoxic protein aggregates. Furthermore, these proteases have additional regulatory functions in multiple biological processes that include amino acid metabolism, mitochondria DNA transcription, metabolite and cofactor biosynthesis, maturation and turnover of specific respiratory and metabolic proteins, and modulation of apoptosis, among others. In cancer cells, the increase in intracellular ROS levels promotes tumorigenic phenotypes and increases the frequency of protein oxidation and misfolding, which is compensated by the increased expression of specific AAA+ proteases as part of the adaptation mechanism. The targeting of AAA+ proteases has led to the discovery and development of novel anti-cancer compounds. Here, we provide an overview of the molecular characteristics and functions of the major mitochondrial AAA+ proteases and summarize recent research efforts in the development of compounds that target these proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith S Wong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Walid A Houry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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63
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Richter F, Dennerlein S, Nikolov M, Jans DC, Naumenko N, Aich A, MacVicar T, Linden A, Jakobs S, Urlaub H, Langer T, Rehling P. ROMO1 is a constituent of the human presequence translocase required for YME1L protease import. J Cell Biol 2018; 218:598-614. [PMID: 30598479 PMCID: PMC6363466 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201806093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells and rely on protein import from the cytosol. Richter et al. found ROMO1 as a new constituent of the human mitochondrial import machinery linking protein import to quality control and mitochondrial morphology. The mitochondrial presequence translocation machinery (TIM23 complex) is conserved between the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and humans; however, functional characterization has been mainly performed in yeast. Here, we define the constituents of the human TIM23 complex using mass spectrometry and identified ROMO1 as a new translocase constituent with an exceptionally short half-life. Analyses of a ROMO1 knockout cell line revealed aberrant inner membrane structure and altered processing of the GTPase OPA1. We show that in the absence of ROMO1, mitochondria lose the inner membrane YME1L protease, which participates in OPA1 processing and ROMO1 turnover. While ROMO1 is dispensable for general protein import along the presequence pathway, we show that it participates in the dynamics of TIM21 during respiratory chain biogenesis and is specifically required for import of YME1L. This selective import defect can be linked to charge distribution in the unusually long targeting sequence of YME1L. Our analyses establish an unexpected link between mitochondrial protein import and inner membrane protein quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Richter
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sven Dennerlein
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Miroslav Nikolov
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel C Jans
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Mitochondrial Structure and Dynamics Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nataliia Naumenko
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Abhishek Aich
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas MacVicar
- Department of Mitochondrial Proteostasis, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Linden
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Bioanalytics Group, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Mitochondrial Structure and Dynamics Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Bioanalytics Group, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Langer
- Department of Mitochondrial Proteostasis, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Rehling
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany .,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
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64
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Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZM, Lightowlers RN. How much does a disrupted mitochondrial network influence neuronal dysfunction? EMBO Mol Med 2018; 11:emmm.201809899. [PMID: 30552095 PMCID: PMC6328938 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that are present in all nucleated cells in the body. They have manifold functions but famously generate ATP efficiently through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. This ensures all tissues have an adequate energy supply and underlines the need for a fully functional mitochondrial network. Since mitochondrial biogenesis and maintenance require components from two genetic sources, mitochondrial diseases can result from mutations in either the nuclear or the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA). Enigmatically, mitochondrial disease can affect individuals at any age and in any tissue (Lightowlers et al, 2015). For a subset of mutations, the genotype can be ascribed to a clinical phenotype and a number of mutations are associated with remarkable tissue selectivity (Boczonadi et al, 2018). However, the gene expression pathways governing this tissue‐specific presentation are far from clear. In this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine, Sprenger et al (2019) use mouse models to investigate the consequences of deleting a mitochondrial protease, YME1L, in neuronal/glial precursors. The loss causes multiple defects at both cell and tissue level, including a marked fragmentation of the mitochondrial network. Tandem depletion of a second mitochondrial protease, Oma1, successfully restored the mitochondrial connectivity, but did not rescue the ocular defects and caused an earlier onset of neurological dysfunction. Thus, in addition to other findings, the authors conclude that a fragmented mitochondrial network contributes less to the disease phenotype than the disruption of mitochondrial proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia Ma Chrzanowska-Lightowlers
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert N Lightowlers
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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65
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Lee H, Yoon Y. Mitochondrial Membrane Dynamics-Functional Positioning of OPA1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7120186. [PMID: 30544804 PMCID: PMC6316456 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of mitochondrial energetics requires the proper regulation of mitochondrial morphology, and vice versa. Mitochondrial dynamins control mitochondrial morphology by mediating fission and fusion. One of them, optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), is the mitochondrial inner membrane remodeling protein. OPA1 has a dual role in maintaining mitochondrial morphology and energetics through mediating inner membrane fusion and maintaining the cristae structure. OPA1 is expressed in multiple variant forms through alternative splicing and post-translational proteolytic cleavage, but the functional differences between these variants have not been completely understood. Recent studies generated new information regarding the role of OPA1 cleavage. In this review, we will first provide a brief overview of mitochondrial membrane dynamics by describing fission and fusion that are mediated by mitochondrial dynamins. The second part describes OPA1-mediated fusion and energetic maintenance, the role of OPA1 cleavage, and a new development in OPA1 function, in which we will provide new insight for what OPA1 does and what proteolytic cleavage of OPA1 is for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakjoo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Yisang Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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66
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Loss of Mitochondrial AAA Proteases AFG3L2 and YME1L Impairs Mitochondrial Structure and Respiratory Chain Biogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123930. [PMID: 30544562 PMCID: PMC6321463 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein quality control is crucial for the maintenance of correct mitochondrial homeostasis. It is ensured by several specific mitochondrial proteases located across the various mitochondrial subcompartments. Here, we focused on characterization of functional overlap and cooperativity of proteolytic subunits AFG3L2 (AFG3 Like Matrix AAA Peptidase Subunit 2) and YME1L (YME1 like ATPase) of mitochondrial inner membrane AAA (ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities) complexes in the maintenance of mitochondrial structure and respiratory chain integrity. We demonstrate that loss of AFG3L2 and YME1L, both alone and in combination, results in diminished cell proliferation, fragmentation of mitochondrial reticulum, altered cristae morphogenesis, and defective respiratory chain biogenesis. The double AFG3L2/YME1L knockdown cells showed marked upregulation of OPA1 protein forms, with the most prominent increase in short OPA1 (optic atrophy 1). Loss of either protease led to marked elevation in OMA1 (OMA1 zinc metallopeptidase) (60 kDa) and severe reduction in the SPG7 (paraplegin) subunit of the m-AAA complex. Loss of the YME1L subunit led to an increased Drp1 level in mitochondrial fractions. While loss of YME1L impaired biogenesis and function of complex I, knockdown of AFG3L2 mainly affected the assembly and function of complex IV. Our results suggest cooperative and partly redundant functions of AFG3L2 and YME1L in the maintenance of mitochondrial structure and respiratory chain biogenesis and stress the importance of correct proteostasis for mitochondrial integrity.
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67
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AAA Proteases: Guardians of Mitochondrial Function and Homeostasis. Cells 2018; 7:cells7100163. [PMID: 30314276 PMCID: PMC6210556 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic, semi-autonomous organelles that execute numerous life-sustaining tasks in eukaryotic cells. Functioning of mitochondria depends on the adequate action of versatile proteinaceous machineries. Fine-tuning of mitochondrial activity in response to cellular needs involves continuous remodeling of organellar proteome. This process not only includes modulation of various biogenetic pathways, but also the removal of superfluous proteins by adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven proteolytic machineries. Accordingly, all mitochondrial sub-compartments are under persistent surveillance of ATP-dependent proteases. Particularly important are highly conserved two inner mitochondrial membrane-bound metalloproteases known as m-AAA and i-AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities), whose mis-functioning may lead to impaired organellar function and consequently to development of severe diseases. Herein, we discuss the current knowledge of yeast, mammalian, and plant AAA proteases and their implications in mitochondrial function and homeostasis maintenance.
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68
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Abstract
Together, the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes encode the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes that reside in the mitochondrial inner membrane and enable aerobic life. Mitochondria maintain their own genome that is expressed and regulated by factors distinct from their nuclear counterparts. For optimal function, the cell must ensure proper stoichiometric production of OXPHOS subunits by coordinating two physically separated and evolutionarily distinct gene expression systems. Here, we review our current understanding of mitonuclear coregulation primarily at the levels of transcription and translation. Additionally, we discuss other levels of coregulation that may exist but remain largely unexplored, including mRNA modification and stability and posttranslational protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Stefan Isaac
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; , ,
| | - Erik McShane
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; , ,
| | - L Stirling Churchman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; , ,
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69
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Cantó C. Mitochondrial Dynamics: Shaping Metabolic Adaptation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 340:129-167. [PMID: 30072090 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite their classic bean-shaped depiction, mitochondria have very different aspects in each cell type. From long filamentous structures to punctuated small round organelles. These shapes can dynamically change in response to nutrients and in situations of metabolic disease. However, why do mitochondria adapt different shapes and how is this determined? In this review, we will aim to understand different visions on how metabolic cues influence mitochondrial shape and vice-versa. This response can be dramatically different between tissues and cells, as illustrated by a large array of genetically engineered mouse models reported to date. We will use these models to understand the role of different mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins and processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Cantó
- Nestle Institute of Health Sciences NIHS, Lausanne, Switzerland; School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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70
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Lebeau J, Rainbolt TK, Wiseman RL. Coordinating Mitochondrial Biology Through the Stress-Responsive Regulation of Mitochondrial Proteases. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 340:79-128. [PMID: 30072094 PMCID: PMC6402875 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Proteases are localized throughout mitochondria and function as critical regulators of all aspects of mitochondrial biology. As such, the activities of these proteases are sensitively regulated through transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms to adapt mitochondrial function to specific cellular demands. Here, we discuss the stress-responsive mechanisms responsible for regulating mitochondrial protease activity and the implications of this regulation on mitochondrial function. Furthermore, we describe how imbalances in the activity or regulation of mitochondrial proteases induced by genetic, environmental, or aging-related factors influence mitochondria in the context of disease. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which cells regulate mitochondrial function through alterations in protease activity provide insights into the contributions of these proteases in pathologic mitochondrial dysfunction and reveals new therapeutic opportunities to ameliorate this dysfunction in the context of diverse classes of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Lebeau
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - T Kelly Rainbolt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - R Luke Wiseman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
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71
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Kolodziejczak M, Skibior-Blaszczyk R, Janska H. m-AAA Complexes Are Not Crucial for the Survival of Arabidopsis Under Optimal Growth Conditions Despite Their Importance for Mitochondrial Translation. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:1006-1016. [PMID: 29462458 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
For optimal mitochondrial activity, the mitochondrial proteome must be properly maintained or altered in response to developmental and environmental stimuli. Based on studies of yeast and humans, one of the key players in this control are m-AAA proteases, mitochondrial inner membrane-bound ATP-dependent metalloenzymes. This study focuses on the importance of m-AAA proteases in plant mitochondria, providing their first experimentally proven physiological substrate. We found that the Arabidopsis m- AAA complexes composed of AtFTSH3 and/or AtFTSH10 are involved in the proteolytic maturation of ribosomal subunit L32. Consequently, in the double Arabidopsis ftsh3/10 mutant, mitoribosome biogenesis, mitochondrial translation and functionality of OXPHOS (oxidative phosphorylation) complexes are impaired. However, in contrast to their mammalian or yeast counterparts, plant m-AAA complexes are not critical for the survival of Arabidopsis under optimal conditions; ftsh3/10 plants are only slightly smaller in size at the early developmental stage compared with plants containing m-AAA complexes. Our data suggest that a lack of significant visible morphological alterations under optimal growth conditions involves mechanisms which rely on existing functional redundancy and induced functional compensation in Arabidopsis mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kolodziejczak
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Renata Skibior-Blaszczyk
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Hanna Janska
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
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72
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Han Y, Cho U, Kim S, Park IS, Cho JH, Dhanasekaran DN, Song YS. Tumour microenvironment on mitochondrial dynamics and chemoresistance in cancer. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:1271-1287. [PMID: 29607684 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1459594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria, evolutionally acquired symbionts of eukaryotic cells, are essential cytoplasmic organelles. They are structurally dynamic organelles that continually go through fission and fusion processes in response to various stimuli. Tumour tissue is composed of not just cancer cells but also various cell types like fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem and immune cells. Mitochondrial dynamics of cancer cells has been shown to be significantly affected by features of tumour microenvironment such as hypoxia, inflammation and energy deprivation. The interactions of cancer cells with tumour microenvironment like hypoxia give rise to the inter- and intratumoural heterogeneity, causing chemoresistance. In this review, we will focus on the chemoresistance by tumoural heterogeneity in relation to mitochondrial dynamics of cancer cells. Recent findings in molecular mechanisms involved in the control of mitochondrial dynamics as well as the impact of mitochondrial dynamics on drug sensitivity in cancer are highlighted in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjin Han
- a Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,b Cancer Research Institute , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Untack Cho
- b Cancer Research Institute , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,c Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Soochi Kim
- b Cancer Research Institute , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,d Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - In Sil Park
- b Cancer Research Institute , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,e Department of Agricultural Biotechnology , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Cho
- f Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Danny N Dhanasekaran
- g Stephenson Cancer Center , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
| | - Yong Sang Song
- a Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,b Cancer Research Institute , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,c Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,f Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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73
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Consolato F, Maltecca F, Tulli S, Sambri I, Casari G. m-AAA and i-AAA complexes coordinate to regulate OMA1, the stress-activated supervisor of mitochondrial dynamics. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.213546. [PMID: 29545505 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.213546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteolytic processing of dynamin-like GTPase OPA1, mediated by the activity of both YME1L1 [intermembrane (i)-AAA protease complex] and OMA1, is a crucial step in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. OMA1 is a zinc metallopeptidase of the inner mitochondrial membrane that undergoes pre-activating proteolytic and auto-proteolytic cleavage after mitochondrial import. Here, we identify AFG3L2 [matrix (m)-AAA complex] as the major protease mediating this event, which acts by maturing the 60 kDa pre-pro-OMA1 to the 40 kDa pro-OMA1 form by severing the N-terminal portion without recognizing a specific consensus sequence. Therefore, m-AAA and i-AAA complexes coordinately regulate OMA1 processing and turnover, and consequently control which OPA1 isoforms are present, thus adding new information on the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics and neurodegenerative diseases affected by these phenomena.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Consolato
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Neurogenomics Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano MI, Italy
| | - Francesca Maltecca
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Neurogenomics Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano MI, Italy
| | - Susanna Tulli
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Neurogenomics Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano MI, Italy
| | - Irene Sambri
- Genomic Medicine Program, Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli NA, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Neurogenomics Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milano MI, Italy .,Genomic Medicine Program, Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli NA, Italy
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74
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Bagli E, Zikou AK, Agnantis N, Kitsos G. Mitochondrial Membrane Dynamics and Inherited Optic Neuropathies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 31:511-525. [PMID: 28652416 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inherited optic neuropathies are a genetically diverse group of disorders mainly characterized by visual loss and optic atrophy. Since the first recognition of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, several genetic defects altering primary mitochondrial respiration have been proposed to contribute to the development of syndromic and non-syndromic optic neuropathies. Moreover, the genomics and imaging revolution in the past decade has increased diagnostic efficiency and accuracy, allowing recognition of a link between mitochondrial dynamics machinery and a broad range of inherited neurodegenerative diseases involving the optic nerve. Mutations of novel genes modifying mainly the balance between mitochondrial fusion and fission have been shown to lead to overlapping clinical phenotypes ranging from isolated optic atrophy to severe, sometimes lethal multisystem disorders, and are reviewed herein. Given the particular vulnerability of retinal ganglion cells to mitochondrial dysfunction, the accessibility of the eye as a part of the central nervous system and improvements in technical imaging concerning assessment of the retinal nerve fiber layer, optic nerve evaluation becomes critical - even in asymptomatic patients - for correct diagnosis, understanding and early treatment of these complex and enigmatic clinical entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Bagli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology-FORTH, Division of Biomedical Research, Ioannina, Greece.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anastasia K Zikou
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Niki Agnantis
- Department of Pathology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios Kitsos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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75
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Puchades C, Rampello AJ, Shin M, Giuliano CJ, Wiseman RL, Glynn SE, Lander GC. Structure of the mitochondrial inner membrane AAA+ protease YME1 gives insight into substrate processing. Science 2018; 358:358/6363/eaao0464. [PMID: 29097521 DOI: 10.1126/science.aao0464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We present an atomic model of a substrate-bound inner mitochondrial membrane AAA+ quality control protease in yeast, YME1. Our ~3.4-angstrom cryo-electron microscopy structure reveals how the adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases) form a closed spiral staircase encircling an unfolded substrate, directing it toward the flat, symmetric protease ring. Three coexisting nucleotide states allosterically induce distinct positioning of tyrosines in the central channel, resulting in substrate engagement and translocation to the negatively charged proteolytic chamber. This tight coordination by a network of conserved residues defines a sequential, around-the-ring adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis cycle that results in stepwise substrate translocation. A hingelike linker accommodates the large-scale nucleotide-driven motions of the ATPase spiral relative to the planar proteolytic base. The translocation mechanism is likely conserved for other AAA+ ATPases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Puchades
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute HZ 175, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Anthony J Rampello
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, 450 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Mia Shin
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute HZ 175, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher J Giuliano
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, 450 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - R Luke Wiseman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Steven E Glynn
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, 450 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Gabriel C Lander
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute HZ 175, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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76
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Carneiro FRG, Lepelley A, Seeley JJ, Hayden MS, Ghosh S. An Essential Role for ECSIT in Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly and Mitophagy in Macrophages. Cell Rep 2018; 22:2654-2666. [PMID: 29514094 PMCID: PMC5909989 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ECSIT is a mitochondrial complex I (CI)-associated protein that has been shown to regulate the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) following engagement of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). We have generated an Ecsit conditional knockout (CKO) mouse strain to study the in vivo role of ECSIT. ECSIT deletion results in profound alteration of macrophage metabolism, leading to a striking shift to reliance on glycolysis, complete disruption of CI activity, and loss of the CI holoenzyme and multiple subassemblies. An increase in constitutive mROS production in ECSIT-deleted macrophages prevents further TLR-induced mROS production. Surprisingly, ECSIT-deleted cells accumulate damaged mitochondria because of defective mitophagy. ECSIT associates with the mitophagy regulator PINK1 and exhibits Parkin-dependent ubiquitination. However, upon ECSIT deletion, we observed increased mitochondrial Parkin without the expected increase in mitophagy. Taken together, these results demonstrate a key role of ECSIT in CI function, mROS production, and mitophagy-dependent mitochondrial quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia R G Carneiro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alice Lepelley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - John J Seeley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matthew S Hayden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Section of Dermatology, Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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77
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Cesnekova J, Spacilova J, Hansikova H, Houstek J, Zeman J, Stiburek L. LACE1 interacts with p53 and mediates its mitochondrial translocation and apoptosis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47687-47698. [PMID: 27323408 PMCID: PMC5216971 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 is a major cellular tumor suppressor that in addition to its nuclear, transcription-dependent activity is also known to function extranuclearly. Cellular stressors such as reactive oxygen species can promote translocation of p53 into mitochondria where it acts to protect mitochondrial genome or trigger cell death via transcription-independent manner. Here we report that the mammalian homologue of yeast mitochondrial Afg1 ATPase (LACE1) promotes translocation of p53 into mitochondria. We further show that LACE1 exhibits significant pro-apoptotic activity, which is dependent on p53, and that the protein is required for normal mitochondrial respiratory function. LACE1 physically interacts with p53 and is necessary for mitomycin c-induced translocation of p53 into mitochondria. Conversely, increased expression of LACE1 partitions p53 to mitochondria, causes reduction in nuclear p53 content and induces apoptosis. Thus, LACE1 mediates mitochondrial translocation of p53 and its transcription-independent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Cesnekova
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Spacilova
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hansikova
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Houstek
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of The Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Zeman
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Stiburek
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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78
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Zhou Z, Ribas V, Rajbhandari P, Drew BG, Moore TM, Fluitt AH, Reddish BR, Whitney KA, Georgia S, Vergnes L, Reue K, Liesa M, Shirihai O, van der Bliek AM, Chi NW, Mahata SK, Tiano JP, Hewitt SC, Tontonoz P, Korach KS, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Hevener AL. Estrogen receptor α protects pancreatic β-cells from apoptosis by preserving mitochondrial function and suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4735-4751. [PMID: 29378845 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.805069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) action plays an important role in pancreatic β-cell function and survival; thus, it is considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in women. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of ERα remain unclear. Because ERα regulates mitochondrial metabolism in other cell types, we hypothesized that ERα may act to preserve insulin secretion and promote β-cell survival by regulating mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum (EndoRetic) function. We tested this hypothesis using pancreatic islet-specific ERα knockout (PERαKO) mice and Min6 β-cells in culture with Esr1 knockdown (KD). We found that Esr1-KD promoted reactive oxygen species production that associated with reduced fission/fusion dynamics and impaired mitophagy. Electron microscopy showed mitochondrial enlargement and a pro-fusion phenotype. Mitochondrial cristae and endoplasmic reticulum were dilated in Esr1-KD compared with ERα replete Min6 β-cells. Increased expression of Oma1 and Chop was paralleled by increased oxygen consumption and apoptosis susceptibility in ERα-KD cells. In contrast, ERα overexpression and ligand activation reduced both Chop and Oma1 expression, likely by ERα binding to consensus estrogen-response element sites in the Oma1 and Chop promoters. Together, our findings suggest that ERα promotes β-cell survival and insulin secretion through maintenance of mitochondrial fission/fusion-mitophagy dynamics and EndoRetic function, in part by Oma1 and Chop repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqi Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Vicent Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Howard Hughes Research Institute, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Brian G Drew
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Timothy M Moore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Amy H Fluitt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Britany R Reddish
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kate A Whitney
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Senta Georgia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Departments of Human Genetics, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Karen Reue
- Departments of Human Genetics, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Marc Liesa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Orian Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | | | - Nai-Wen Chi
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Sushil K Mahata
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161
| | - Joseph P Tiano
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Sylvia C Hewitt
- Receptor Biology Section, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Howard Hughes Research Institute, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Receptor Biology Section, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Andrea L Hevener
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Los Angeles, California 90095; Iris Cantor UCLA Women's Health Research Center, Los Angeles, California 90095.
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79
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Extracellular acidification induces ROS- and mPTP-mediated death in HEK293 cells. Redox Biol 2017; 15:394-404. [PMID: 29331741 PMCID: PMC5767902 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular pH (pHe) is a key determinant of the cellular (micro)environment and needs to be maintained within strict boundaries to allow normal cell function. Here we used HEK293 cells to study the effects of pHe acidification (24 h), induced by mitochondrial inhibitors (rotenone, antimycin A) and/or extracellular HCl addition. Lowering pHe from 7.2 to 5.8 reduced cell viability by 70% and was paralleled by a decrease in cytosolic pH (pHc), hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ), increased levels of hydroethidine-oxidizing ROS and stimulation of protein carbonylation. Co-treatment with the antioxidant α-tocopherol, the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) desensitizer cyclosporin A and Necrostatin-1, a combined inhibitor of Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), prevented acidification-induced cell death. In contrast, the caspase inhibitor zVAD.fmk and the ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 were ineffective. We conclude that extracellular acidification induces necroptotic cell death in HEK293 cells and that the latter involves intracellular acidification, mitochondrial functional impairment, increased ROS levels, mPTP opening and protein carbonylation. These findings suggest that acidosis of the extracellular environment (as observed in mitochondrial disorders, ischemia, acute inflammation and cancer) can induce cell death via a ROS- and mPTP opening-mediated pathogenic mechanism. Extracellular acidification induces mitochondrial dysfunction. Extracellular acidification increases intracellular ROS levels. Extracellular acidification stimulates protein carbonylation. Extracellular acidification induces mPTP opening- and ROS-dependent cell death. Acidosis-induced oxidative stress likely contributes to various pathologies.
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80
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Shpilka T, Haynes CM. The mitochondrial UPR: mechanisms, physiological functions and implications in ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2017; 19:109-120. [DOI: 10.1038/nrm.2017.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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81
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Identification of Physiological Substrates and Binding Partners of the Plant Mitochondrial Protease FTSH4 by the Trapping Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112455. [PMID: 29156584 PMCID: PMC5713422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of functional mitochondria is vital for optimal cell performance and survival. This is accomplished by distinct mechanisms, of which preservation of mitochondrial protein homeostasis fulfills a pivotal role. In plants, inner membrane-embedded i-AAA protease, FTSH4, contributes to the mitochondrial proteome surveillance. Owing to the limited knowledge of FTSH4’s in vivo substrates, very little is known about the pathways and mechanisms directly controlled by this protease. Here, we applied substrate trapping coupled with mass spectrometry-based peptide identification in order to extend the list of FTSH4’s physiological substrates and interaction partners. Our analyses revealed, among several putative targets of FTSH4, novel (mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 4 (MPC4) and Pam18-2) and known (Tim17-2) substrates of this protease. Furthermore, we demonstrate that FTSH4 degrades oxidatively damaged proteins in mitochondria. Our report provides new insights into the function of FTSH4 in the maintenance of plant mitochondrial proteome.
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82
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Walczak J, Partyka M, Duszyński J, Szczepanowska J. Implications of mitochondrial network organization in mitochondrial stress signalling in NARP cybrid and Rho0 cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14864. [PMID: 29093569 PMCID: PMC5665886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14964-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions lead to the generation of signalling mediators that influence the fate of that organelle. Mitochondrial dynamics and their positioning within the cell are important elements of mitochondria-nucleus communication. The aim of this project was to examine whether mitochondrial shape, distribution and fusion/fission proteins are involved in the mitochondrial stress response in a cellular model subjected to specifically designed chronic mitochondrial stress: WT human osteosarcoma cells as controls, NARP cybrid cells as mild chronic stress and Rho0 as severe chronic stress. We characterized mitochondrial distribution in these cells using confocal microscopy and evaluated the level of proteins directly involved in the mitochondrial dynamics and their regulation. We found that the organization of mitochondria within the cell is correlated with changes in the levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and proteins responsible for regulation of this process. Induction of the autophagy/mitophagy process, which is crucial for cellular homeostasis under stress conditions was also shown. It seems that mitochondrial shape and organization within the cell are implicated in retrograde signalling in chronic mitochondrial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Walczak
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 3 Pasteur St, 02-993, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Partyka
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 3 Pasteur St, 02-993, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Duszyński
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 3 Pasteur St, 02-993, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Szczepanowska
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, 3 Pasteur St, 02-993, Warsaw, Poland.
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83
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Renal cold storage followed by transplantation impairs expression of key mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185542. [PMID: 28977005 PMCID: PMC5627902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of transplanted kidneys are procured from deceased donors which all require exposure to cold storage (CS) for successful transplantation. Unfortunately, this CS leads to renal and mitochondrial damage but, specific mitochondrial targets affected by CS remain largely unknown. The goal of this study is to determine whether pathways involved with mitochondrial fusion or fission, are disrupted during renal CS. METHODS Male Lewis rat kidneys were exposed to cold storage (CS) alone or cold storage combined with transplantation (CS/Tx). To compare effects induced by CS, kidney transplantation without CS exposure (autotransplantation; ATx) was also used. Mitochondrial function was assessed using high resolution respirometry. Expression of mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins were monitored using Western blot analysis. RESULTS CS alone (no Tx) reduced respiratory complex I and II activities along with reduced expression of the primary mitochondrial fission protein, dynamin related protein (DRP1), induced loss of the long form of Optic Atrophy Protein (OPA1), and altered the mitochondrial protease, OMA1, which regulates OPA1 processing. CS followed by Tx (CS/Tx) reduced complex I, II, and III activities, and induced a profound loss of the long and short forms of OPA1, mitofusin 1 (MFN1), and mitofusin 2 (MFN2) which all control mitochondrial fusion. In addition, expression of DRP1, along with its primary receptor protein, mitochondrial fission factor (MFF), were also reduced after CS/Tx. Interestingly, CS/Tx lead to aberrant higher molecular weight OMA1 aggregate expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that CS appears to involve activation of the OMA1, which could be a key player in proteolysis of the fusion and fission protein machinery following transplantation. These findings raise the possibility that impaired mitochondrial fission and fusion may be unrecognized contributors to CS induced mitochondrial injury and compromised renal graft function after transplantation.
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84
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Klimova N, Long A, Kristian T. Significance of Mitochondrial Protein Post-translational Modifications in Pathophysiology of Brain Injury. Transl Stroke Res 2017; 9:223-237. [DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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85
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Levytskyy RM, Bohovych I, Khalimonchuk O. Metalloproteases of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane. Biochemistry 2017; 56:4737-4746. [PMID: 28806058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The inner mitochondrial membrane (IM) is among the most protein-rich cellular compartments. The metastable IM subproteome where the concentration of proteins is approaching oversaturation creates a challenging protein folding environment with a high probability of protein malfunction or aggregation. Failure to maintain protein homeostasis in such a setting can impair the functional integrity of the mitochondria and drive clinical manifestations. The IM is equipped with a series of highly conserved, proteolytic complexes dedicated to the maintenance of normal protein homeostasis within this mitochondrial subcompartment. Particularly important is a group of membrane-anchored metallopeptidases commonly known as m-AAA and i-AAA proteases, and the ATP-independent Oma1 protease. Herein, we will summarize the current biochemical knowledge of these proteolytic machines and discuss recent advances in our understanding of mechanistic aspects of their functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman M Levytskyy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0664, United States
| | - Iryna Bohovych
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0664, United States
| | - Oleh Khalimonchuk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0664, United States.,Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0662, United States.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
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86
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Lee M, Etebari K, Hall-Mendelin S, van den Hurk AF, Hobson-Peters J, Vatipally S, Schnettler E, Hall R, Asgari S. Understanding the role of microRNAs in the interaction of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with an insect-specific flavivirus. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1892-1903. [PMID: 28699859 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Flavivirus genus contains some of the most prevalent vector-borne viruses, such as the dengue, Zika and yellow fever viruses that cause devastating diseases in humans. However, the insect-specific clade of flaviviruses is restricted to mosquito hosts, albeit they have retained the general features of the genus, such as genome structure and replication. The interactions between insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) and their mosquito hosts are largely unknown. Pathogenic flaviviruses are known to modulate host-derived microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs that are important in controlling gene expression. Alterations in miRNAs may represent changes in host gene expression and promote understanding of virus-host interactions. The role of miRNAs in ISF-mosquito interactions is largely unknown. A recently discovered Australian ISF, Palm Creek virus (PCV), has the ability to suppress medically relevant flaviviruses. Here, we investigated the potential involvement of miRNAs in PCV infection using the model mosquito Aedes aegypti. By combining small-RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, differentially expressed miRNAs were determined. Our results indicated that PCV infection hardly affects host miRNAs. Out of 101 reported miRNAs of Ae. aegypti, only aae-miR-2940-5p had a significantly altered expression over the course of infection. However, further analysis of aae-miR-2940-5p revealed that this miRNA does not have any direct impact on PCV replication in vitro. Thus, overall the results suggest that PCV infection has a limited effect on the mosquito miRNA profile and therefore miRNAs may not play a significant role in the PCV-Ae. aegypti interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris Lee
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kayvan Etebari
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sonja Hall-Mendelin
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Queensland Government, PO Box 594, Archerfield, QLD 4108, Australia
| | - Andrew F van den Hurk
- Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Queensland Government, PO Box 594, Archerfield, QLD 4108, Australia
| | - Jody Hobson-Peters
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sreenu Vatipally
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Esther Schnettler
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland, UK
- Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roy Hall
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sassan Asgari
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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87
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Protein quality control at the mitochondrion. Essays Biochem 2017; 60:213-225. [PMID: 27744337 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20160009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential constituents of a eukaryotic cell by supplying ATP and contributing to many mayor metabolic processes. As endosymbiotic organelles, they represent a cellular subcompartment exhibiting many autonomous functions, most importantly containing a complete endogenous machinery responsible for protein expression, folding and degradation. This article summarizes the biochemical processes and the enzymatic components that are responsible for maintaining mitochondrial protein homoeostasis. As mitochondria lack a large part of the required genetic information, most proteins are synthesized in the cytosol and imported into the organelle. After reaching their destination, polypeptides must fold and assemble into active proteins. Under pathological conditions, mitochondrial proteins become misfolded or damaged and need to be repaired with the help of molecular chaperones or eventually removed by specific proteases. Failure of these protein quality control mechanisms results in loss of mitochondrial function and structural integrity. Recently, novel mechanisms have been identified that support mitochondrial quality on the organellar level. A mitochondrial unfolded protein response allows the adaptation of chaperone and protease activities. Terminally damaged mitochondria may be removed by a variation of autophagy, termed mitophagy. An understanding of the role of protein quality control in mitochondria is highly relevant for many human pathologies, in particular neurodegenerative diseases.
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88
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SLC25 Family Member Genetic Interactions Identify a Role for HEM25 in Yeast Electron Transport Chain Stability. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2017; 7:1861-1873. [PMID: 28404662 PMCID: PMC5473764 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.041194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The SLC25 family member SLC25A38 (Hem25 in yeast) was recently identified as a mitochondrial glycine transporter that provides substrate to initiate heme/hemoglobin synthesis. Mutations in the human SLC25A38 gene cause congenital sideroblastic anemia. The full extent to which SLC25 family members coregulate heme synthesis with other mitochondrial functions is not clear. In this study, we surveyed 29 nonessential SLC25 family members in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for their ability to support growth in the presence and absence of HEM25. Six SLC25 family members were identified that were required for growth or for heme synthesis in cells lacking Hem25 function. Importantly, we determined that loss of function of the SLC25 family member Flx1, which imports FAD into mitochondria, together with loss of function of Hem25, resulted in inability to grow on media that required yeast cells to supply energy using mitochondrial respiration. We report that specific components of complexes of the electron transport chain are decreased in the absence of Flx1 and Hem25 function. In addition, we show that mitochondria from flx1Δ hem25Δ cells contain uncharacterized Cox2-containing high molecular weight aggregates. The functions of Flx1 and Hem25 provide a facile explanation for the decrease in heme level, and in specific electron transport chain complex components.
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89
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Glynn SE. Multifunctional Mitochondrial AAA Proteases. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:34. [PMID: 28589125 PMCID: PMC5438985 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria perform numerous functions necessary for the survival of eukaryotic cells. These activities are coordinated by a diverse complement of proteins encoded in both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes that must be properly organized and maintained. Misregulation of mitochondrial proteostasis impairs organellar function and can result in the development of severe human diseases. ATP-driven AAA+ proteins play crucial roles in preserving mitochondrial activity by removing and remodeling protein molecules in accordance with the needs of the cell. Two mitochondrial AAA proteases, i-AAA and m-AAA, are anchored to either face of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where they engage and process an array of substrates to impact protein biogenesis, quality control, and the regulation of key metabolic pathways. The functionality of these proteases is extended through multiple substrate-dependent modes of action, including complete degradation, partial processing, or dislocation from the membrane without proteolysis. This review discusses recent advances made toward elucidating the mechanisms of substrate recognition, handling, and degradation that allow these versatile proteases to control diverse activities in this multifunctional organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Glynn
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook UniversityStony Brook, NY, United States
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90
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Lee H, Smith SB, Yoon Y. The short variant of the mitochondrial dynamin OPA1 maintains mitochondrial energetics and cristae structure. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:7115-7130. [PMID: 28298442 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.762567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a dynamin-related protein associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane and functions in mitochondrial inner membrane fusion and cristae maintenance. Inner membrane-anchored long OPA1 (L-OPA1) undergoes proteolytic cleavage resulting in short OPA1 (S-OPA1). It is often thought that S-OPA1 is a functionally insignificant proteolytic product of L-OPA1 because the accumulation of S-OPA1 due to L-OPA1 cleavage is observed in mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction. However, cells contain a mixture of both L- and S-OPA1 in normal conditions, suggesting the functional significance of maintaining both OPA1 forms, but the differential roles of L- and S-OPA1 in mitochondrial fusion and energetics are ill-defined. Here, we examined mitochondrial fusion and energetic activities in cells possessing L-OPA1 alone, S-OPA1 alone, or both L- and S-OPA1. Using a mitochondrial fusion assay, we established that L-OPA1 confers fusion competence, whereas S-OPA1 does not. Remarkably, we found that S-OPA1 alone without L-OPA1 can maintain oxidative phosphorylation function as judged by growth in oxidative phosphorylation-requiring media, respiration measurements, and levels of the respiratory complexes. Most strikingly, S-OPA1 alone maintained normal mitochondrial cristae structure, which has been commonly assumed to be the function of OPA1 oligomers containing both L- and S-OPA1. Furthermore, we found that the GTPase activity of OPA1 is critical for maintaining cristae tightness and thus energetic competency. Our results demonstrate that, contrary to conventional notion, S-OPA1 is fully competent for maintaining mitochondrial energetics and cristae structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvia B Smith
- Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912
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91
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Mulligan MK, Mozhui K, Pandey AK, Smith ML, Gong S, Ingels J, Miles MF, Lopez MF, Lu L, Williams RW. Genetic divergence in the transcriptional engram of chronic alcohol abuse: A laser-capture RNA-seq study of the mouse mesocorticolimbic system. Alcohol 2017; 58:61-72. [PMID: 27894806 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors that influence the transition from initial drinking to dependence remain enigmatic. Recent studies have leveraged chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) paradigms to measure changes in brain gene expression in a single strain at 0, 8, 72 h, and even 7 days following CIE. We extend these findings using LCM RNA-seq to profile expression in 11 brain regions in two inbred strains - C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) - 72 h following multiple cycles of ethanol self-administration and CIE. Linear models identified differential expression based on treatment, region, strain, or interactions with treatment. Nearly 40% of genes showed a robust effect (FDR < 0.01) of region, and hippocampus CA1, cortex, bed nucleus stria terminalis, and nucleus accumbens core had the highest number of differentially expressed genes after treatment. Another 8% of differentially expressed genes demonstrated a robust effect of strain. As expected, based on similar studies in B6, treatment had a much smaller impact on expression; only 72 genes (p < 0.01) are modulated by treatment (independent of region or strain). Strikingly, many more genes (415) show a strain-specific and largely opposite response to treatment and are enriched in processes related to RNA metabolism, transcription factor activity, and mitochondrial function. Over 3 times as many changes in gene expression were detected in D2 compared to B6, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) module comparison identified more modules enriched for treatment effects in D2. Substantial strain differences exist in the temporal pattern of transcriptional neuroadaptation to CIE, and these may drive individual differences in risk of addiction following excessive alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Mulligan
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, United States.
| | - Khyobeni Mozhui
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, United States
| | - Ashutosh K Pandey
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, United States
| | - Maren L Smith
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States
| | - Suzhen Gong
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, United States
| | - Jesse Ingels
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, United States
| | - Michael F Miles
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States
| | - Marcelo F Lopez
- Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, United States
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, United States
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, United States
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92
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Migdal I, Skibior-Blaszczyk R, Heidorn-Czarna M, Kolodziejczak M, Garbiec A, Janska H. AtOMA1 Affects the OXPHOS System and Plant Growth in Contrast to Other Newly Identified ATP-Independent Proteases in Arabidopsis Mitochondria. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1543. [PMID: 28936218 PMCID: PMC5594102 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Compared with yeast, our knowledge on members of the ATP-independent plant mitochondrial proteolytic machinery is rather poor. In the present study, using confocal microscopy and immunoblotting, we proved that homologs of yeast Oma1, Atp23, Imp1, Imp2, and Oct1 proteases are localized in Arabidopsis mitochondria. We characterized these components of the ATP-independent proteolytic system as well as the earlier identified protease, AtICP55, with an emphasis on their significance in plant growth and functionality in the OXPHOS system. A functional complementation assay demonstrated that out of all the analyzed proteases, only AtOMA1 and AtICP55 could substitute for a lack of their yeast counterparts. We did not observe any significant developmental or morphological changes in plants lacking the studied proteases, either under optimal growth conditions or after exposure to stress, with the only exception being retarded root growth in oma1-1, thus implying that the absence of a single mitochondrial ATP-independent protease is not critical for Arabidopsis growth and development. We did not find any evidence indicating a clear functional complementation of the missing protease by any other protease at the transcript or protein level. Studies on the impact of the analyzed proteases on mitochondrial bioenergetic function revealed that out of all the studied mutants, only oma1-1 showed differences in activities and amounts of OXPHOS proteins. Among all the OXPHOS disorders found in oma1-1, the complex V deficiency is distinctive because it is mainly associated with decreased catalytic activity and not correlated with complex abundance, which has been observed in the case of supercomplex I + III2 and complex I deficiencies. Altogether, our study indicates that despite the presence of highly conservative homologs, the mitochondrial ATP-independent proteolytic system is not functionally conserved in plants as compared with yeast. Our findings also highlight the importance of AtOMA1 in maintenance of proper function of the OXPHOS system as well as in growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Migdal
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of WroclawWroclaw, Poland
| | - Renata Skibior-Blaszczyk
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of WroclawWroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Heidorn-Czarna
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of WroclawWroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Kolodziejczak
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of WroclawWroclaw, Poland
| | - Arnold Garbiec
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of WroclawWroclaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Janska
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of WroclawWroclaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Hanna Janska,
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93
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Opalińska M, Parys K, Murcha MW, Jańska H. Plant i - AAA protease controls the turnover of the essential mitochondrial protein import component. J Cell Sci 2017; 131:jcs.200733. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.200733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles that play a central role in energy metabolism. Due to life-essential functions of these organelles, mitochondrial content, quality, and dynamics are tightly controlled. Across the species, highly conserved ATP - dependent proteases prevent malfunction of mitochondria through versatile activities. This study focuses on a molecular function of plant mitochondrial inner membrane-embedded i – AAA protease, FTSH4, providing its first bona fide substrate. Here, we report that the abundance of Tim17-2 protein, the essential component of the TIM17:23 translocase, is directly controlled by the proteolytic activity of FTSH4. Plants that are lacking functional FTSH4 protease are characterized by significantly enhanced capacity of preprotein import through the TIM17:23 - dependent pathway. Together with the observation that FTSH4 prevents accumulation of Tim17-2, our data points towards the role of this i - AAA protease in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Opalińska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14A, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Parys
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14A, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
- Present address: Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika W. Murcha
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia
| | - Hanna Jańska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14A, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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94
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Levytskyy RM, Germany EM, Khalimonchuk O. Mitochondrial Quality Control Proteases in Neuronal Welfare. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2016; 11:629-644. [PMID: 27137937 PMCID: PMC5093085 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-016-9683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The functional integrity of mitochondria is a critical determinant of neuronal health and compromised mitochondrial function is a commonly recognized factor that underlies a plethora of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Metabolic demands of neural cells require high bioenergetic outputs that are often associated with enhanced production of reactive oxygen species. Unopposed accumulation of these respiratory byproducts over time leads to oxidative damage and imbalanced protein homeostasis within mitochondrial subcompartments, which in turn may result in cellular demise. The post-mitotic nature of neurons and their vulnerability to these stress factors necessitate strict protein homeostatic control to prevent such scenarios. A series of evolutionarily conserved proteases is one of the central elements of mitochondrial quality control. These versatile proteolytic enzymes conduct a multitude of activities to preserve normal mitochondrial function during organelle biogenesis, metabolic remodeling and stress. In this review we discuss neuroprotective aspects of mitochondrial quality control proteases and neuropathological manifestations arising from defective proteolysis within the mitochondrion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman M Levytskyy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Edward M Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Oleh Khalimonchuk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
- Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
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95
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Biasutto L, Azzolini M, Szabò I, Zoratti M. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore in AD 2016: An update. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1863:2515-30. [PMID: 26902508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 30years the mitochondrial permeability transition - the permeabilization of the inner mitochondrial membrane due to the opening of a wide pore - has progressed from being considered a curious artifact induced in isolated mitochondria by Ca(2+) and phosphate to a key cell-death-inducing process in several major pathologies. Its relevance is by now universally acknowledged and a pharmacology targeting the phenomenon is being developed. The molecular nature of the pore remains to this day uncertain, but progress has recently been made with the identification of the FOF1 ATP synthase as the probable proteic substrate. Researchers sharing this conviction are however divided into two camps: these believing that only the ATP synthase dimers or oligomers can form the pore, presumably in the contact region between monomers, and those who consider that the ring-forming c subunits in the FO sector actually constitute the walls of the pore. The latest development is the emergence of a new candidate: Spastic Paraplegia 7 (SPG7), a mitochondrial AAA-type membrane protease which forms a 6-stave barrel. This review summarizes recent developments of research on the pathophysiological relevance and on the molecular nature of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Channels edited by Pierre Sonveaux, Pierre Maechler and Jean-Claude Martinou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Azzolini
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biology, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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96
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Korwitz A, Merkwirth C, Richter-Dennerlein R, Tröder SE, Sprenger HG, Quirós PM, López-Otín C, Rugarli EI, Langer T. Loss of OMA1 delays neurodegeneration by preventing stress-induced OPA1 processing in mitochondria. J Cell Biol 2016; 212:157-66. [PMID: 26783299 PMCID: PMC4738383 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201507022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of OMA1 in a mouse model of neurodegeneration stabilizes fusion-active L-OPA1, which supports neuronal survival by preventing apoptosis, independent of its effects on cristae morphogenesis. Proteolytic cleavage of the dynamin-like guanosine triphosphatase OPA1 in mitochondria is emerging as a central regulatory hub that determines mitochondrial morphology under stress and in disease. Stress-induced OPA1 processing by OMA1 triggersmitochondrial fragmentation, which is associated with mitophagy and apoptosis in vitro. Here, we identify OMA1 as a critical regulator of neuronal survival in vivo and demonstrate that stress-induced OPA1 processing by OMA1 promotes neuronal death and neuroinflammatory responses. Using mice lacking prohibitin membrane scaffolds as a model of neurodegeneration, we demonstrate that additional ablation of Oma1 delays neuronal loss and prolongs lifespan. This is accompanied by the accumulation of fusion-active, long OPA1 forms, which stabilize the mitochondrial genome but do not preserve mitochondrial cristae or respiratory chain supercomplex assembly in prohibitin-depleted neurons. Thus, long OPA1 forms can promote neuronal survival independently of cristae shape, whereas stress-induced OMA1 activation and OPA1 cleavage limit mitochondrial fusion and promote neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Korwitz
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Carsten Merkwirth
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ricarda Richter-Dennerlein
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon E Tröder
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Sprenger
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Pedro M Quirós
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Elena I Rugarli
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Langer
- Institute of Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany Max Planck Institute for Biology of Aging, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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97
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Hartmann B, Wai T, Hu H, MacVicar T, Musante L, Fischer-Zirnsak B, Stenzel W, Gräf R, van den Heuvel L, Ropers HH, Wienker TF, Hübner C, Langer T, Kaindl AM. Homozygous YME1L1 mutation causes mitochondriopathy with optic atrophy and mitochondrial network fragmentation. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27495975 PMCID: PMC4991934 DOI: 10.7554/elife.16078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondriopathies often present clinically as multisystemic disorders of primarily high-energy consuming organs. Assembly, turnover, and surveillance of mitochondrial proteins are essential for mitochondrial function and a key task of AAA family members of metalloproteases. We identified a homozygous mutation in the nuclear encoded mitochondrial escape 1-like 1 gene YME1L1, member of the AAA protease family, as a cause of a novel mitochondriopathy in a consanguineous pedigree of Saudi Arabian descent. The homozygous missense mutation, located in a highly conserved region in the mitochondrial pre-sequence, inhibits cleavage of YME1L1 by the mitochondrial processing peptidase, which culminates in the rapid degradation of YME1L1 precursor protein. Impaired YME1L1 function causes a proliferation defect and mitochondrial network fragmentation due to abnormal processing of OPA1. Our results identify mutations in YME1L1 as a cause of a mitochondriopathy with optic nerve atrophy highlighting the importance of YME1L1 for mitochondrial functionality in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Hartmann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum (SPZ), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy Wai
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hao Hu
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Thomas MacVicar
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luciana Musante
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Fischer-Zirnsak
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.,Institut of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Werner Stenzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Gräf
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lambert van den Heuvel
- Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Christoph Hübner
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Langer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angela M Kaindl
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum (SPZ), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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98
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Smakowska E, Skibior-Blaszczyk R, Czarna M, Kolodziejczak M, Kwasniak-Owczarek M, Parys K, Funk C, Janska H. Lack of FTSH4 Protease Affects Protein Carbonylation, Mitochondrial Morphology, and Phospholipid Content in Mitochondria of Arabidopsis: New Insights into a Complex Interplay. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:2516-35. [PMID: 27297677 PMCID: PMC4972270 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
FTSH4 is one of the inner membrane-embedded ATP-dependent metalloproteases in mitochondria of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). In mutants impaired to express FTSH4, carbonylated proteins accumulated and leaf morphology was altered when grown under a short-day photoperiod, at 22°C, and a long-day photoperiod, at 30°C. To provide better insight into the function of FTSH4, we compared the mitochondrial proteomes and oxyproteomes of two ftsh4 mutants and wild-type plants grown under conditions inducing the phenotypic alterations. Numerous proteins from various submitochondrial compartments were observed to be carbonylated in the ftsh4 mutants, indicating a widespread oxidative stress. One of the reasons for the accumulation of carbonylated proteins in ftsh4 was the limited ATP-dependent proteolytic capacity of ftsh4 mitochondria, arising from insufficient ATP amount, probably as a result of an impaired oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), especially complex V. In ftsh4, we further observed giant, spherical mitochondria coexisting among normal ones. Both effects, the increased number of abnormal mitochondria and the decreased stability/activity of the OXPHOS complexes, were probably caused by the lower amount of the mitochondrial membrane phospholipid cardiolipin. We postulate that the reduced cardiolipin content in ftsh4 mitochondria leads to perturbations within the OXPHOS complexes, generating more reactive oxygen species and less ATP, and to the deregulation of mitochondrial dynamics, causing in consequence the accumulation of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elwira Smakowska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland (E.S., R.S.-B, M.C., M.K., M.K.-O., K.P., H.J.); andDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (C.F.)
| | - Renata Skibior-Blaszczyk
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland (E.S., R.S.-B, M.C., M.K., M.K.-O., K.P., H.J.); andDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (C.F.)
| | - Malgorzata Czarna
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland (E.S., R.S.-B, M.C., M.K., M.K.-O., K.P., H.J.); andDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (C.F.)
| | - Marta Kolodziejczak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland (E.S., R.S.-B, M.C., M.K., M.K.-O., K.P., H.J.); andDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (C.F.)
| | - Malgorzata Kwasniak-Owczarek
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland (E.S., R.S.-B, M.C., M.K., M.K.-O., K.P., H.J.); andDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (C.F.)
| | - Katarzyna Parys
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland (E.S., R.S.-B, M.C., M.K., M.K.-O., K.P., H.J.); andDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (C.F.)
| | - Christiane Funk
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland (E.S., R.S.-B, M.C., M.K., M.K.-O., K.P., H.J.); andDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (C.F.)
| | - Hanna Janska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland (E.S., R.S.-B, M.C., M.K., M.K.-O., K.P., H.J.); andDepartment of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (C.F.)
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99
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MacVicar T, Langer T. OPA1 processing in cell death and disease - the long and short of it. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:2297-306. [PMID: 27189080 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.159186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of mitochondrial dynamics by the GTPase OPA1, which is located at the inner mitochondrial membrane, is crucial for adapting mitochondrial function and preserving cellular health. OPA1 governs the delicate balance between fusion and fission in the dynamic mitochondrial network. A disturbance of this balance, often observed under stress and pathologic conditions, causes mitochondrial fragmentation and can ultimately result in cell death. As discussed in this Commentary, these morphological changes are regulated by proteolytic processing of OPA1 by the inner-membrane peptidases YME1L (also known as YME1L1) and OMA1. Long, membrane-bound forms of OPA1 are required for mitochondrial fusion, but their processing to short, soluble forms limits fusion and can facilitate mitochondrial fission. Excessive OPA1 processing by the stress-activated protease OMA1 promotes mitochondrial fragmentation and, if persistent, triggers cell death and tissue degeneration in vivo The prevention of OMA1-mediated OPA1 processing and mitochondrial fragmentation might thus offer exciting therapeutic potential for human diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas MacVicar
- Institute of Genetics, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Thomas Langer
- Institute of Genetics, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
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100
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Miao R, Ding B, Zhang Y, Xia Q, Li Y, Zhu B. Proteomic profiling change during the early development of silicosis disease. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:329-41. [PMID: 27076927 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.02.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicosis is one of several severe occupational diseases for which effective diagnostic tools during early development are currently unavailable. In this study we focused on proteomic profiling during the early stages of silicosis to investigate the pathophysiology and identify the proteins involved. METHODS Two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS were used to assess the proteomic differences between healthy individuals (HI), dust-exposed workers without silicosis (DEW) and silicosis patients (SP). Proteins abundances that differed by a factor of two-fold or greater were subjected to more detailed analysis, and enzyme linked to immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to correlate with protein expression data. RESULTS Compared with HI, 42 proteins were more abundant and 8 were less abundant in DEW, and these were also differentially accumulated in SP. Closer inspection revealed that serine protease granzyme A, alpha-1-B-glycoprotein (A1BG) and the T4 surface glycoprotein precursor (TSGP) were among the up-regulated proteins in DEW and SP. Significant changes in serine proteases, glycoproteins and proto-oncogenes may be associated with the response to cytotoxicity and infectious pathogens by activation of T cells, positive regulation of extracellular matrix structural constituents and immune response, and fibroblast proliferation. Up-regulation of cytokines included TNFs, interferon beta precursor, interleukin 6, atypical chemokine receptor 2, TNFR13BV, and mutant IL-17F may be involved in the increased and persistent immune response and fibrosis that occurred during silicosis development. CONCLUSIONS Granzymes, glycoproteins, cytokines and immune factors were dramatically involved in the immune response, metabolism, signal regulation and fibrosis during the early development of silicosis. Proteomic profiling has expanded our understanding of the pathogenesis of silicosis, and identified a number of targets that may be potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongming Miao
- 1 The 8th People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 210024, China ; 2 Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bangmei Ding
- 1 The 8th People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 210024, China ; 2 Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yingyi Zhang
- 1 The 8th People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 210024, China ; 2 Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qian Xia
- 1 The 8th People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 210024, China ; 2 Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yong Li
- 1 The 8th People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 210024, China ; 2 Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- 1 The 8th People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi 210024, China ; 2 Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, China
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