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Ghorbani Z, Shamshirgaran SM, Ghaffari S, Sarbakhsh P, Najafipour F, Aminisani N. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and its correlates among people 35 years and older: Result from pilot phase of the Azar cohort study. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2018; 7:45. [PMID: 29693026 PMCID: PMC5903157 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_118_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There is remarkable alteration in hypertension prevalence and awareness, and their correlates among various geographic locations and ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to report hypertension prevalence, awareness, and its correlates as well as hypertension treatment, and control among Azari people aged 35 years and older. MATERIALS AND METHODS The pilot phase of the Azar Cohort Study; a state level of a nationwide PERSIAN cohort study was conducted in Khameneh city between October 2014 and January 2015. All people 35 years of age and above were invited to take part in this study. A comprehensive range of different biomarkers, lifestyle, socioeconomic factors, and health-related factors was collected. Blood pressure was measured by a trained nurse/midwife. Descriptive statistical methods were used to present general characteristics of the study population as frequency tables. Separate multiple logistic regression models were built to assess the predictors of hypertension prevalence. RESULTS A total of 1038 people were included in this study. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 22.9%. Awareness of hypertension was 60.5% and in those with known hypertension, 84% were using the antihypertensive medications, of those 68.5% had controlled hypertension. After adjustment; age (odds ratios [OR]adj= 1.12 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.15), gender (ORadj= 1.65 95% CI: 1.08-2.51), obesity ORadj= 2.51 (1.40-4.88), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (ORadj= 1.70 (1.05-2.75), and comorbidities (ORadj= 2.51 (1.72-3.66) were independent predictors of hypertension. CONCLUSION Age, sex, body mass index, WHR, and comorbidities were known as predictors of hypertension in this study, health promotion strategies including lifestyle modification to reduce overweight/obesity and secondary prevention programs for early detection of hypertension in high-risk groups according to age, gender, and disease profile are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Ghorbani
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Shamshirgaran
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Injury Epidemiology Prevention Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Sarbakhsh
- Injury Epidemiology Prevention Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzad Najafipour
- Endocrine Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nayyereh Aminisani
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Nascimento C, Di Lorenzo Alho AT, Conceição Amaral CB, Paraizo Leite RE, Nitrini R, Jacob-Filho W, Pasqualucci CA, Kastehelmi Hokkanen SR, Hunter S, Keage H, Kovacs GG, Grinberg LT, Suemoto CK. Prevalence of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) proteinopathy in cognitively normal older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2018; 44:286-297. [PMID: 28793370 PMCID: PMC5902737 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) proteinopathy in cognitively normal older adults. METHODS We systematically reviewed and performed a meta-analysis on the prevalence of TDP-43 proteinopathy in older adults with normal cognition, evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination or the Clinical Dementia Rating. We estimated the overall prevalence of TDP-43 using random-effect models, and stratified by age, sex, sample size, study quality, antibody used to assess TDP-43 aggregates, analysed brain regions, Braak stage, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease score, hippocampal sclerosis and geographic location. RESULTS A total of 505 articles were identified in the systematic review, and 7 were included in the meta-analysis with 1196 cognitively normal older adults. We found an overall prevalence of TDP-43 proteinopathy of 24%. Prevalence of TDP-43 proteinopathy varied widely across geographic location (North America: 37%, Asia: 29%, Europe: 14%, and Latin America: 11%). Estimated prevalence of TDP-43 proteinopathy also varied according to study quality (quality score >7: 22% vs. quality score <7: 42%), antibody used to assess TDP-43 proteinopathy (native: 18% vs. hyperphosphorylated: 24%) and presence of hippocampal sclerosis (without 24% vs. with hippocampal sclerosis: 48%). Other stratified analyses by age, sex, analysed brain regions, sample size and severity of AD neuropathology showed similar pooled TDP-43 prevalence. CONCLUSIONS Different methodology to access TDP-43, and also differences in lifestyle and genetic factors across different populations could explain our results. Standardization of TDP-43 measurement, and future studies about the impact of genetic and lifestyle characteristics on the development of neurodegenerative diseases are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Nascimento
- University of São Paulo Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, São Paulo, BR
| | - Ana Tereza Di Lorenzo Alho
- University of São Paulo Medical School, Department of Radiology, São Paulo, BR
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Instituto do Cérebro, São Paulo, BR
| | | | | | - Ricardo Nitrini
- University of São Paulo Medical School, Department of Neurology, São Paulo, BR
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- University of São Paulo Medical School, Division of Geriatrics, São Paulo, BR
| | | | | | - Sally Hunter
- University of Cambridge, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Keage
- University of South Australia, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, AU
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Neurology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lea Tenenholz Grinberg
- University of São Paulo Medical School, Department of Pathology, São Paulo, BR
- University of San Francisco, Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Baker R, Wilson A, Nockels K, Agarwal S, Modi P, Bankart J. Levels of detection of hypertension in primary medical care and interventions to improve detection: a systematic review of the evidence since 2000. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019965. [PMID: 29567850 PMCID: PMC5875641 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In England, many hypertensives are not detected by primary medical care. Higher detection is associated with lower premature mortality. We aimed to summarise recent evidence on detection and interventions to improve detection in order to inform policies to improve care. DESIGN Data sources: systematic review of articles published since 2000. Searches of Medline and Embase were undertaken. Eligibility criteria: published in English, any study design, the setting was general practice and studies included patients aged 18 or over. EXCLUSION CRITERIA screening schemes, studies in primary care settings other than general practice, discussion or comment pieces. PARTICIPANTS adult patients of primary medical care services. SYNTHESIS study heterogeneity precluded a statistical synthesis, and papers were described in summary tables. RESULTS Seventeen quantitative and one qualitative studies were included. Detection rates varied by gender and ethnic group, but longitudinal studies indicated an improvement in detection over time. Patient socioeconomic factors did not influence detection, but living alone was associated with lower detection. Few health system factors were associated with detection, but in two studies higher numbers of general practitioners per 1000 population were associated with higher detection. Three studies investigated interventions to improve detection, but none showed evidence of effectiveness. LIMITATIONS The search was limited to studies published from 2000, in English. There were few studies of interventions to improve detection, and a meta-analysis was not possible. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Levels of detection of hypertension by general practices may be improving, but large numbers of people with hypertension remain undetected. Improvement in detection is therefore required, but guidance for primary medical care is not provided by the few studies of interventions included in this review. Primary care teams should continue to use low-cost, practical approaches to detecting hypertension until evidence from new studies of interventions to improve detection is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Baker
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Andrew Wilson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Keith Nockels
- Learning and Teaching Services, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Shona Agarwal
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Priya Modi
- Faculty of Medicine, Charles’ University, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - John Bankart
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Oropeza S, Sadile MG, Phung CN, Cabiles M, Spackman S, Abuan M, Seligman F, Araneta MR. STRIVE, San Diego! Methodology of a Community-Based Participatory Intervention to Enhance Healthy Dining at Asian and Pacific Islander Restaurants. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 50:297-306.e1. [PMID: 29254761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) populations have elevated prevalence of dietary-related chronic conditions; however, culturally relevant dietary interventions are lacking. This article describes the methodology for a community-based participatory intervention. Strategies to Reach and Implement the Vision of Health Equity, San Diego! aims to increase access to healthy food in AANHPI restaurants, grocery stores, and farmers' markets. DESIGN Time series quasi-experimental study design. Dietitians, health promotion specialists, and community partners collaborated with restaurant owners and chefs to develop culturally tailored approaches without compromising traditional flavors. SETTING AANHPI restaurants in San Diego County, CA. PARTICIPANTS Twenty restaurants and 600 diners are anticipated and will be sampled at 3 intervals for a total of 1,800 diners. INTERVENTION We describe the community-based interventions within restaurants, including (1) analyzing and modifying selected recipes to create and promote healthier dishes; (2) providing nutrition labels on selected food items; (3) marketing healthy menu items through food tastings, signage, and social media promotion; and (4) offering low-sodium soy sauce and other condiments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Temporal changes in availability of healthful options, and the frequency of healthy dining choices. ANALYSIS Program evaluation consists of assessment of the nutritional environment in 20 participating restaurants and surveys of customers' opinions and behaviors at baseline and at 3 and 12 months postintervention. Fifteen restaurants have been recruited to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Rosario Araneta
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
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Ea EE, Colbert A, Turk M, Dickson VV. Self-care among Filipinos in the United States who have hypertension. Appl Nurs Res 2017; 39:71-76. [PMID: 29422180 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the strong literature on the influence of self-care on hypertension (HTN) diagnosis, there is a notable lack of studies that explore self-care among Filipino immigrants in the United States (US) who have HTN. AIM To determine the levels of and relationships between and among acculturation, acculturative stress, HTN self-efficacy, patient activation, and HTN self-care among first generation Filipino immigrants in the US who have HTN. DESIGN A cross-sectional correlational design was used to determine the relationships between and among acculturation, acculturative stress, HTN self-efficacy, patient activation, and HTN self-care using the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping. One hundred and sixty-three community-dwelling first-generation Filipino immigrants participated in the study. METHODS Data on HTN self-care, acculturation, acculturative stress, HTN self-efficacy, and patient activation were collected. RESULTS The study results revealed that HTN self-efficacy and patient activation significantly contributed to the regression model that accounted for 29.5% of the variance in HTN self-care for this sample. Further analysis revealed that patient activation had a mediating role between HTN self-efficacy and HTN self-care. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study revealed that HTN self-efficacy and patient activation were associated with self-care behaviors associated with HTN management for this sample. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Findings from this study highlight the importance of addressing HTN self-efficacy and patient activation in improving HTN self-care for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson E Ea
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, United States.
| | - Alison Colbert
- Duquesne University School of Nursing, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, United States
| | - Melanie Turk
- Duquesne University School of Nursing, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, United States
| | - Victoria Vaughan Dickson
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, United States
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Dong L, Fakeye OA, Graham G, Gaskin DJ. Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Quality of Care for Cardiovascular Disease in Ambulatory Settings: A Review. Med Care Res Rev 2017; 75:263-291. [DOI: 10.1177/1077558717725884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes are widely reported, but research has largely focused on differences in quality of inpatient and urgent care to explain these disparate outcomes. The objective of this review is to synthesize recent evidence on racial and ethnic disparities in management of CVD in the ambulatory setting. Database searches yielded 550 articles of which 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. Reviewed studies were categorized into non-interventional studies examining the association between race and receipt of ambulatory CVD services with observational designs, and interventional studies evaluating specific clinical courses of action intended to ameliorate disparities. Based on the Donabedian framework, this review demonstrates that significant racial/ethnic disparities persist in process and outcome measures of quality of ambulatory CVD care. Multimodal interventions were most effective in reducing disparities in CVD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Dong
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Wu AH, Vigen C, Butler LM, Tseng CC. Metabolic conditions and breast cancer risk among Los Angeles County Filipina Americans compared with Chinese and Japanese Americans. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:2450-2461. [PMID: 28842914 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the aggregation of common metabolic conditions (high blood pressure, diabetes and dyslipidemia) is a risk factor for breast cancer. Breast cancer incidence has risen steadily in Asian American women, and whether these metabolic conditions contribute to breast cancer risk in certain Asian American subgroups is unknown. We investigated the role of physician-diagnosed hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes separately, and in combination, in relation to the risk of breast cancer in a population-based case-control study of 2,167 Asian Americans diagnosed with breast cancer and 2,035 age and ethnicity matched control women in Los Angeles County. Compared to Asian American women who did not have any of the metabolic conditions, those with 1, 2 or 3 conditions showed a steady increase in risk (respective odds ratios were 1.12, 1.42 and 1.62; P trend = 0.001) with adjustment for covariates including body mass index. Similar significant trends were observed in Filipina Americans (P trend = 0.021), postmenopausal women (P trend =0.001), Asian women who were born in the United States (US) (P trend = 0.052) and migrants who have lived in the US for at least 20 years (P trend = 0.004), but not migrants who lived in the US for <20 years (P trend = 0.64). These results suggest that westernization in lifestyle (diet and physical inactivity) and corresponding increase in adiposity have contributed to the rising prevalence of these metabolic conditions, which in turn, are associated with an increase in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna H Wu
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Cheryl Vigen
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Chiu-Chen Tseng
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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Bayog MLG, Waters CM. Nativity, Chronic Health Conditions, and Health Behaviors in Filipino Americans. J Transcult Nurs 2017; 29:249-257. [PMID: 28826340 DOI: 10.1177/1043659617703164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nearly half of Americans have a chronic health condition related to unhealthful behavior. One in four Americans is an immigrant; yet immigrants' health has been studied little, particularly among Asian American subpopulations. METHODOLOGY Years lived in United States, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, walking, adiposity, and fruit/vegetable variables in the 2011-2012 California Health Interview Survey were analyzed to examine the influence of nativity on chronic health conditions and health behaviors in 555 adult Filipinos, the second largest Asian American immigrant subpopulation. RESULTS Recent and long-term immigrant Filipinos had higher odds of having hypertension and diabetes, but lower odds of smoking and overweight/obesity compared with second-generation Filipinos. DISCUSSION Being born in the United States may be protective against chronic health conditions, but not for healthful behaviors among Filipinos. Chronic disease prevention and health promotion strategies should consider nativity/length of residence, which may be a more consequential health determinant than other immigration and acculturation characteristics.
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Pu J, Hastings KG, Boothroyd D, Jose PO, Chung S, Shah JB, Cullen MR, Palaniappan LP, Rehkopf DH. Geographic Variations in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Asian American Subgroups, 2003-2011. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e005597. [PMID: 28701306 PMCID: PMC5586288 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.005597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are well-documented geographical differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality for non-Hispanic whites. However, it remains unknown whether similar geographical variation in CVD mortality exists for Asian American subgroups. This study aims to examine geographical differences in CVD mortality among Asian American subgroups living in the United States and whether they are consistent with geographical differences observed among non-Hispanic whites. METHODS AND RESULTS Using US death records from 2003 to 2011 (n=3 897 040 CVD deaths), age-adjusted CVD mortality rates per 100 000 population and age-adjusted mortality rate ratios were calculated for the 6 largest Asian American subgroups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese) and compared with non-Hispanic whites. There were consistently lower mortality rates for all Asian American subgroups compared with non-Hispanic whites across divisions for CVD mortality and ischemic heart disease mortality. However, cerebrovascular disease mortality demonstrated substantial geographical differences by Asian American subgroup. There were a number of regional divisions where certain Asian American subgroups (Filipino and Japanese men, Korean and Vietnamese men and women) possessed no mortality advantage compared with non-Hispanic whites. The most striking geographical variation was with Filipino men (age-adjusted mortality rate ratio=1.18; 95% CI, 1.14-1.24) and Japanese men (age-adjusted mortality rate ratio=1.05; 95% CI: 1.00-1.11) in the Pacific division who had significantly higher cerebrovascular mortality than non-Hispanic whites. CONCLUSIONS There was substantial geographical variation in Asian American subgroup mortality for cerebrovascular disease when compared with non-Hispanic whites. It deserves increased attention to prioritize prevention and treatment in the Pacific division where approximately 80% of Filipinos CVD deaths and 90% of Japanese CVD deaths occur in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Pu
- Mathematica Policy Research, Oakland, CA
| | | | | | | | - Sukyung Chung
- Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA
| | | | - Mark R Cullen
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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Suzuki A, Choi SY, Lim E, Tauyan S, Banna JC. Evaluation of Factorial Validity and Reliability of a Food Behavior Checklist for Low-Income Filipinos. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2017; 49:593-598.e1. [PMID: 28689613 PMCID: PMC5612474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine factorial validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency of a Tagalog-language food behavior checklist (FBC) for a low-income Filipino population. METHODS Participants (n = 160) completed the FBC on 2 occasions 3 weeks apart. Factor structure was examined using principal component analysis. For internal consistency, Cronbach α was calculated. For test-retest reliability, Spearman correlation or intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated between scores at the 2 points. RESULTS All but 1 item loaded on 6 factors: fruit and vegetable quantity, fruit and vegetable variety, fast food, sweetened beverage, healthy fat, and diet quality. Cronbach α was .75 for the total scale (range, .39-.76 for subscales). Spearman correlation was 0.78 (ICC, 0.79) for the total scale (range, 0.66-0.80 [ICC, 0.68-0.80] for subscales). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The FBC demonstrated adequate factorial validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency. With additional testing, the FBC may be used to evaluate the US Department of Agriculture's nutrition education programs for Tagalog speakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Suzuki
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - So Yung Choi
- Biostatistics Core Facility, Department of Complementary & Integrative Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Eunjung Lim
- Biostatistics Core Facility, Department of Complementary & Integrative Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Socorro Tauyan
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Jinan C Banna
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI.
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Shen W, Zhang T, Li S, Zhang H, Xi B, Shen H, Fernandez C, Bazzano L, He J, Chen W. Race and Sex Differences of Long-Term Blood Pressure Profiles From Childhood and Adult Hypertension: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Hypertension 2017; 70:66-74. [PMID: 28533330 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to characterize longitudinal blood pressure (BP) trajectories from childhood in black-white and sex groups and examine the association between childhood level-independent trajectories of BP and adult hypertension. The longitudinal cohort consisted of 2732 adults who had body mass index and BP measured 4 to 15 times from childhood (4-19 years) to adulthood (20-51 years). Model-estimated levels and linear slopes of BP and body mass index at childhood age points were calculated at 1-year intervals using the growth curve parameters and their first derivatives, respectively. Linear and nonlinear curve parameters differed significantly between race-sex groups; BP levels showed race and sex differences 15 years of age onward. Hypertensives had higher long-term BP levels than normotensives in race-sex groups. Although linear and nonlinear slope parameters of BP were race and sex specific, they differed consistently, significantly between hypertension and normotension groups. BP trajectories during young adulthood (20-35 years) were significantly greater in hypertensives than in normotensives; however, the trajectories during middle-aged adulthood (36-51 years) were significantly smaller in hypertensives than in normotensives. Level-independent linear slopes of systolic BP showed significantly negative associations (odds ratio=0.50≈0.76; P<0.001) during prepuberty period (4-11 years) but significantly positive associations (odd ratio=1.44≈2.80, P<0.001) during the puberty period (13-19 years) with adult hypertension, adjusting for covariates. These associations were consistent across race-sex groups. These observations indicate that adult hypertension originates in childhood, with different longitudinal BP trajectory profiles during young and middle-aged adulthood in black-white and sex groups. Puberty is a crucial period for the development of hypertension in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.)
| | - Shengxu Li
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.)
| | - Huijie Zhang
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.)
| | - Bo Xi
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.)
| | - Hongbing Shen
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.)
| | - Camilo Fernandez
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.)
| | - Lydia Bazzano
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.)
| | - Jiang He
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.)
| | - Wei Chen
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (W.S., T.Z., S.L., H.Z., B.X., C.F., L.B., J.H., W.C.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China (H.S.); Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China (T.Z., B.X.); and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, China (H.Z.).
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Fuller-Thomson E, Roy A, Tsz-Kit Chan K, Kobayashi KM. Diabetes among non-obese Filipino Americans: Findings from a large population-based study. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2017; 108:e36-e42. [PMID: 31820422 DOI: 10.17269/cjph.108.5761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Filipino Americans form the second-largest Asian American and Pacific Islanders subgroup. Growing evidence suggests that Filipino Americans have higher rates of diabetes than non-Hispanic whites. The key objectives of this study are 1) to determine the prevalence of diabetes in non-obese Filipino Americans compared to non-obese non-Hispanic whites, and 2) to identify risk factors for diabetes in non-obese Filipino men and women. METHODS Secondary analysis of population-based data from combined waves (2007, 2009 and 2011) of the adult California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). The study sample was restricted to non-obese Filipino Americans (n = 1629) and non-Hispanic whites (n = 72 072). RESULTS Non-obese Filipino Americans had more than twice the odds of diabetes compared to non-Hispanic whites, even after correcting for several known risk factors (OR = 2.80, p < 0.001). For non-obese Filipino men, older age, poverty, cigarette smoking, and being overweight are associated with increased odds for diabetes, while older age was the only factor associated with diabetes among Filipina women. DISCUSSION Diabetes prevention approaches need to be targeted towards non-obese Filipino Americans, due to their high risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esme Fuller-Thomson
- Faculties of Social Work & Medicine, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V4, Canada. .,Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Adity Roy
- Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Karen M Kobayashi
- Department of Sociology and Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Yazdanshenas H, Bazargan M, Jones L, Vawer M, Seto TB, Farooq S, Taira DA. Engaging Gatekeeper-Stakeholders in Development of a Mobile Health Intervention to Improve Medication Adherence Among African American and Pacific Islander Elderly Patients With Hypertension. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2016; 4:e116. [PMID: 27784651 PMCID: PMC5103104 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.5905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 70 million people in the United States have hypertension. Although antihypertensive therapy can reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension, often patients do not take their medication as prescribed. Objective The goal of this study was to better understand issues affecting the acceptability and usability of mobile health technology (mHealth) to improve medication adherence for elderly African American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander patients with hypertension. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 gatekeeper-stakeholders using targeted open-ended questions. Interviews were deidentified, transcribed, organized, and coded manually by two independent coders. Analysis of patient interviews used largely a deductive approach because the targeted open-ended interview questions were designed to explore issues specific to the design and acceptability of a mHealth intervention for seniors. Results A number of similar themes regarding elements of a successful intervention emerged from our two groups of African American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander gatekeeper-stakeholders. First was the need to teach participants both about the importance of adherence to antihypertensive medications. Second, was the use of mobile phones for messaging and patients need to be able to access ongoing technical support. Third, messaging needs to be short and simple, but personalized, and to come from someone the participant trusts and with whom they have a connection. There were some differences between groups. For instance, there was a strong sentiment among the African American group that the church be involved and that the intervention begin with group workshops, whereas the Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander group seemed to believe that the teaching could occur on a one-to-one basis with the health care provider. Conclusions Information from our gatekeeper-stakeholder (key informant) interviews suggests that the design of a mHealth intervention to improve adherence to antihypertensives among the elderly could be very similar for African Americans and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders. The main difference might be in the way in which the program is initiated (possibly through church-based workshops for African Americans and by individual providers for Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders). Another difference might be who sends the messages with African Americans wanting someone outside the health care system, but Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders preferring a provider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Yazdanshenas
- College of Medicine, Departments of Family Medicine and Orthopedic Surgery, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science/University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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Comparison of body mass index, waist circumference, and waist to height ratio in the prediction of hypertension and diabetes mellitus: Filipino-American women cardiovascular study. Prev Med Rep 2016; 4:608-613. [PMID: 27882291 PMCID: PMC5118592 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The relative ability of three obesity indices to predict hypertension (HTN) and diabetes (DM) and the validity of using Asian-specific thresholds of these indices were examined in Filipino-American women (FAW). Filipino-American women (n = 382), 40–65 years of age were screened for hypertension (HTN) and diabetes (DM) in four major US cities. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist circumference to height ratio (WHtR) were measured. ROC analyses determined that the three obesity measurements were similar in predicting HTN and DM (AUC: 0.6–0.7). The universal WC threshold of ≥ 35 in. missed 13% of the hypertensive patients and 12% of the diabetic patients. The Asian WC threshold of ≥ 31.5 in. increased detection of HTN and DM but with a high rate of false positives. The traditional BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 threshold missed 35% of those with hypertension and 24% of those with diabetes. The Asian BMI threshold improved detection but resulted in a high rate of false positives. The suggested WHtR cut-off of ≥ 0.5 missed only 1% of those with HTN and 0% of those with DM. The three obesity measurements had similar but modest ability to predict HTN and DM in FAW. Using Asian-specific thresholds increased accuracy but with a high rate of false positives. Whether FAW, especially at older ages, should be encouraged to reach these lower thresholds needs further investigation because of the high false positive rates. WC, BMI and WHtR measurements cutoff points were higher in middle aged FAW. WC, BMI and WHtR measurements had similar ability to predict HTN and DM in FAW. Need to tailor thresholds of obesity measurements for specific Asian subgroups.
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Mui P, Bowie JV, Juon HS, Thorpe RJ. Ethnic Group Differences in Health Outcomes Among Asian American Men in California. Am J Mens Health 2016; 11:1406-1414. [PMID: 27530820 DOI: 10.1177/1557988316664508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The numbers of Asian American men are continually increasing, yet limited research exists on this understudied population. Addressing this lack of research is necessary to better inform how best to improve quality of care. This study examined health outcome differences across ethnically diverse groups of Asian American men in California, compared with non-Hispanic White men. Using data from the 2007, 2009, and 2011-2012 California Health Interview Survey, distributions of health status and health-related characteristics across ( n = 43,030) racial/ethnic groups of men (Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, Vietnamese, Other Asian Americans, and non-Hispanic Whites) were calculated. Compared with non-Hispanic Whites, odds of reporting fair or poor health were higher among Vietnamese, while odds of diabetes were higher among Korean, Filipino, and Other Asian Americans. Odds of high blood pressure were higher among Filipino and Vietnamese but lower among Other Asian Americans, while odds of disability were lower across all ethnic groups except Filipino and Vietnamese. This study's findings highlight the importance of understanding ethnic heterogeneity to develop culturally appropriate health interventions for Asian American men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulani Mui
- 1 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Hee-Soon Juon
- 1 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,2 Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Blaychfeld-Magnazi M, Knobler H, Voet H, Reshef N, Weitzman S, Sumner AE, Zornitzki T. Ethnic Variation in the Association of Hypertension With Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2016; 19:184-189. [PMID: 27481649 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lifestyle changes occurring with urbanization increase the prevalence of both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HTN). Yemenites who have immigrated to Israel have demonstrated a dramatic increase in T2DM but the prevalence of HTN in diabetic Yemenites is unclear. In a cross-sectional study, the authors evaluated the prevalence of HTN and lifestyle patterns in Israelis with T2DM of Yemenite (Y-DM) and non-Yemenite (NY-DM) origin. Y-DM (n=63) and NY-DM (n=120) had similar age (63±7 vs 64±7 years, P=.5), diabetes duration, diet adherence, and exercise patterns. Y-DM had a lower prevalence of HTN (63%) than NY-DM (83%) (P<.01). Furthermore, Yemenite origin was independently associated with lower prevalence of HTN (odds ratio, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.71). Blood pressure was well controlled with fewer antihypertensive medications in Y-DM than NY-DM (P<.01). Even though lifestyle patterns were similar in the two groups, Y-DM had a lower prevalence of HTN compared with NY-DM and required fewer antihypertensive medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Blaychfeld-Magnazi
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.,Institute of Biochemistry Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hilla Knobler
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hillary Voet
- Department of Environmental Economics and Management, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Naama Reshef
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shimon Weitzman
- Department of Epidemiology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Anne E Sumner
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases and the National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Taiba Zornitzki
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Institute, Kaplan Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Giambrone AE, Gerber LM, Rodriguez-Lopez JS, Trinh-Shevrin C, Islam N, Thorpe LE. Hypertension Prevalence in New York City Adults: Unmasking Undetected Racial/Ethnic Variation, NYC HANES 2004. Ethn Dis 2016; 26:339-44. [PMID: 27440973 DOI: 10.18865/ed.26.3.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using 2004 New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NYC HANES) data, we sought to examine variation in hypertension (HTN) prevalence across eight Asian and Hispanic subgroups. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING New York City, 2004. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Logistic regression was performed to identify differences in HTN prevalence between ethnic subgroups controlling for age, sex, education and BMI. RESULTS Overall HTN prevalence among NYC adults was 25.5% (95% CI: 23.4-27.8), with 21.1% (95% CI: 18.2-24.3) among Whites, 32.8% (95% CI: 28.7-37.2) Black, 26.4% (95% CI: 22.3-31.0) Hispanics, and 24.7% (95% CI: 19.9-30.3) Asians. Among Hispanic subgroups, Dominicans had the highest HTN prevalence (32.2%), followed by Puerto Ricans (27.7%), while Mexicans had the lowest prevalence (8.1%). Among Asian subgroups, HTN prevalence was slightly higher among South Asians (29.9%) than among Chinese (21.3%). Adjusting for age, Dominican adults were nearly twice as likely to have HTN as non-Hispanic (NH) Whites (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.24-3.12), but this was attenuated after adjusting for sex and education (OR=1.27, 95% CI: .76 - 2.12). When comparing South Asians with NH Whites, results were also non-significant after adjustment (OR=2.00, 95% CI: .90-4.43). CONCLUSIONS When analyzing racial/ethnic subgroups, NH Black and Hispanic adults from Dominican Republic had the highest HTN prevalence followed by South Asian and Puerto Rican adults. Mexican adults had the lowest prevalence of all groups. These findings highlight that ethnic subgroup differences go undetected when stratified by broader racial/ethnic categories. To our knowledge, this is the first population-based study using objective measures to highlight these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Giambrone
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medical College
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Ancheta IB, Battie CA, Volgman AS, Ancheta CV, Palaniappan L. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score: Results from the Filipino-American Women Cardiovascular Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2016; 4:25-34. [PMID: 27294770 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-015-0196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality of Filipino-Americans, conventional CVD risk calculators may not be accurate for this population. CVD risk scores of a group of Filipino-American women (FAW) were measured using the major risk calculators. Secondly, the sensitivity of the various calculators to obesity was determined. METHODS This is a cross-sectional descriptive study that enrolled 40-65-year-old FAW (n = 236), during a community-based health screening study. Ten-year CVD risk was calculated using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), Reynolds Risk Score (RRS), and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) calculators. The 30-year risk FRS and the lifetime ASCVD calculators were also determined. RESULTS Levels of predicted CVD risk varied as a function of the calculator. The 10-year ASCVD calculator classified 12 % of participants with ≥10 % risk, but the 10-year FRS and RRS calculators classified all participants with ≤10 % risk. The 30-year "Hard" Lipid and BMI FRS calculators classified 32 and 43 % of participants with high (≥20 %) risk, respectively, while 95 % of participants were classified with ≥20 % risk by the lifetime ASCVD calculator. The percent of participants with elevated CVD risk increased as a function of waist circumference for most risk score calculators. CONCLUSIONS Differences in risk score as a function of the risk score calculator indicate the need for outcome studies in this population. Increased waist circumference was associated with increased CVD risk scores underscoring the need for obesity control as a primary prevention of CVD in FAW.
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Dietary Acculturation among Filipino Americans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 13:ijerph13010016. [PMID: 26703646 PMCID: PMC4730407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Acculturation, the subsequent changes that occur in one culture after continuous first hand contact with another culture, impacts the dietary habits and health risks of individuals. This study examines the acculturation, dietary habits and anthropometric measurements in a sample of 210 first generation Filipino American immigrants in New Jersey (NJ). Acculturation was measured using the Short Acculturation Scale for Filipino Americans (ASASFA). Dietary acculturation was measured using the Dietary Acculturation Questionnaire for Filipino Americans (DAQFA) and dietary intake was determined using the Block's Brief Food Frequency Questionnaire (BFFQ). Anthropometric measurements were obtained including weight, height and waist circumference. Acculturation had a significant negative relationship with Filipino Dietary acculturation. Western dietary acculturation was significantly correlated with caloric intake (r(208) = 0.193, p < 0.01), percentage fat intake (r(208) = 0.154, p < 0.05), percentage carbohydrate intake (r(208) = -0.172, p < 0.05), Body Mass Index (BMI) (r(208) = 0.216, p < 0.01) and waist circumference (r(208) = 0.161, p < 0.01). There was no significant correlation between Filipino dietary acculturation, dietary intake and anthropometric measurements. The results showed that Filipino American immigrants have increased risks including increased BMI, waist circumference and increased fat intake. Over all, this research highlighted some dietary changes and their effects on dietary intake and health status.
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Gross AL, Mungas DM, Crane PK, Gibbons LE, MacKay-Brandt A, Manly JJ, Mukherjee S, Romero H, Sachs B, Thomas M, Potter GG, Jones RN. Effects of education and race on cognitive decline: An integrative study of generalizability versus study-specific results. Psychol Aging 2015; 30:863-880. [PMID: 26523693 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to examine variability across multiple prospective cohort studies in level and rate of cognitive decline by race/ethnicity and years of education. We compare data across studies, we harmonized estimates of common latent factors representing overall or general cognitive performance, memory, and executive function derived from the: (a) Washington Heights, Hamilton Heights, Inwood Columbia Aging Project (N = 4,115), (b) Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales (N = 525), (c) Duke Memory, Health, and Aging study (N = 578), and (d) Neurocognitive Outcomes of Depression in the Elderly (N = 585). We modeled cognitive change over age for cognitive outcomes by race, education, and study. We adjusted models for sex, dementia status, and study-specific characteristics. The results found that for baseline levels of overall cognitive performance, memory, and executive function, differences in race and education tended to be larger than between-study differences and consistent across studies. This pattern did not hold for rate of cognitive decline: effects of education and race/ethnicity on cognitive change were not consistently observed across studies, and when present were small, with racial/ethnic minorities and those with lower education declining at faster rates. In this diverse set of datasets, non-Hispanic Whites and those with higher education had substantially higher baseline cognitive test scores. However, differences in the rate of cognitive decline by race/ethnicity and education did not follow this pattern. This study suggests that baseline test scores and longitudinal change have different determinants, and future studies to examine similarities and differences of causes of cognitive decline in racially/ethnically and educationally diverse older groups is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer J Manly
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain
| | | | | | | | | | - Guy G Potter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
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