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Berkovitch Y, Seliktar D. Semi-synthetic hydrogel composition and stiffness regulate neuronal morphogenesis. Int J Pharm 2017; 523:545-555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Benvenuti M, An T, Amaro E, Lovejoy S, Mencio G, Martus J, Mignemi M, Schoenecker JG. Double-Edged Sword: Musculoskeletal Infection Provoked Acute Phase Response in Children. Orthop Clin North Am 2017; 48:181-197. [PMID: 28336041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocl.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The acute phase response has a crucial role in mounting the body's response to tissue injury. Excessive activation of the acute phase response is responsible for many complications that occur in orthopedic patients. Given that infection may be considered continuous tissue injury that persistently activates the acute phase response, children with musculoskeletal infections are at markedly increased risk for serious complications. Future strategies that modulate the acute phase response have the potential to improve treatment and prevent complications associated with musculoskeletal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas An
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Emilie Amaro
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Steven Lovejoy
- Department of Orthopaedics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gregory Mencio
- Department of Orthopaedics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey Martus
- Department of Orthopaedics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Megan Mignemi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jonathan G Schoenecker
- Department of Orthopaedics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Departments of Orthopaedics, Pharmacology, and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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Mckenzie A, Hoskins R, Swift T, Grant C, Rimmer S. Core (Polystyrene)-Shell [Poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)] Particles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:7577-7590. [PMID: 28192649 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A set of water-swollen core-shell particles was synthesized by emulsion polymerization of a 1,3-dioxolane functional monomer in water. After removal of the 1,3-dioxolane group, the particles' shells were shown to swell in aqueous media. Upon hydrolysis, the particles increased in size from around 70 to 100-130 nm. A bicinchoninic acid assay and ζ-potential measurements were used to investigate the adsorption of lysozyme, albumin, or fibrinogen. Each of the core-shell particles adsorbed significantly less protein than the noncoated core (polystyrene) particles. Differences were observed as both the amount of difunctional, cross-linking monomer and the amount of shell monomer in the feed were changed. The core-shell particles were shown to be resistant to protein adsorption, and the degree to which the three proteins adsorbed was dependent on the formulation of the shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Mckenzie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Richard Hoskins
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford , Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, U.K
| | - Thomas Swift
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford , Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, U.K
| | - Colin Grant
- Department of Engineering, University of Bradford , Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, U.K
| | - Stephen Rimmer
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford , Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, U.K
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Pedrazzani C, Mantovani G, Salvagno GL, Baldiotti E, Ruzzenente A, Iacono C, Lippi G, Guglielmi A. Elevated fibrinogen plasma level is not an independent predictor of poor prognosis in a large cohort of Western patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:9994-10001. [PMID: 28018106 PMCID: PMC5143766 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i45.9994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the clinical significance of the preoperative fibrinogen plasma level as a prognostic marker after surgery for colorectal cancer.
METHODS This retrospective study analysed 652 patients undergoing surgery for stage I-IV colorectal cancer between January 2005 and December 2012, at the Division of General Surgery A, University of Verona Hospital Trust, in whom preoperative fibrinogen plasma values were assessed at baseline. Fibrinogen is involved in tumourigenesis as well as tumour progression in several malignancies. Correlations between preoperative plasma fibrinogen values and clinicopathological characteristics were investigated. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed to identify factors associated with overall and tumour-related survival.
RESULTS Among the 652 patients, the fibrinogen value was higher than the threshold of 400 mg/dL in 345 patients (53%). The preoperative mean ± SD of fibrinogen was 426.2 ± 23.2 mg/dL (median: 409 mg/dL; range: 143-1045 mg/dL). Preoperative fibrinogen values correlated with age (P = 0.003), completeness of tumour resection, potentially curative vs palliative (P < 0.001), presence of systemic metastasis (P < 0.001), depth of tumour invasion pT (P < 0.001), nodes involvement pN (P = 0.001) and CEA serum level (P < 0.001). The mean fibrinogen value (± SD) was 395.6 ± 120.4 mg/dL in G1 tumours, 424.1 ± 121.4 mg/dL in G2 tumours and 453.4 ± 131.6 mg/dL in G3 tumours (P = 0.045). The overall survival and tumour-related survival were significantly higher in patients with fibrinogen values ≤ 400 mg/dL (P < 0.001). However, hyperfibrinogenemia did not retain statistical significance regarding either overall (P = 0.313) or tumour-related survival (P = 0.355) after controlling for other risk factors in a multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSION Preoperative fibrinogen levels correlate with cancer severity but do not help in predicting patient prognosis after colorectal cancer surgery.
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Xiong Y, Tang X, Meng Q, Zhang H. Differential expression analysis of the broiler tracheal proteins responsible for the immune response and muscle contraction induced by high concentration of ammonia using iTRAQ-coupled 2D LC-MS/MS. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:1166-1176. [PMID: 27761697 PMCID: PMC7089013 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-0202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia has been considered the contaminant primarily responsible for respiratory disease in poultry. Even though it can cause tracheal lesions, its adverse effects on the trachea have not been sufficiently studied. The present study investigated tracheal changes in Arbor Acres broilers (Gallus gallus) induced by high concentration of ammonia using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteome analysis. In total, 3,706 proteins within false discovery rate of 1% were identified, including 119 significantly differentially expressed proteins. Functional analysis revealed that proteins related to immune response and muscle contraction were significantly enriched. With respect to the immune response, up-regulated proteins (like FGA) were pro-inflammatory, while down-regulated proteins participated in antigen processing and antigen presenting (like MYO1G), immunoglobulin and cathelicidin production (like fowlicidin-2), and immunodeficiency (like PTPRC). Regarding muscle contraction, all differentially expressed proteins (like TPM1) were up-regulated. An over-expression of mucin, which is a common feature of airway disease, was also observed. Additionally, the transcriptional alterations of 6 selected proteins were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. Overall, proteomic changes suggested the onset of airway obstruction and diminished host defense in trachea after ammonia exposure. These results may serve as a valuable reference for future interventions against ammonia toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangfang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingshi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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56
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Skoog SA, Lu Q, Malinauskas RA, Sumant AV, Zheng J, Goering PL, Narayan RJ, Casey BJ. Effects of nanotopography on the in vitro hemocompatibility of nanocrystalline diamond coatings. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:253-264. [PMID: 27543370 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) coatings have been investigated for improved wear resistance and enhanced hemocompatibility of cardiovascular devices. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of NCD surface nanotopography on in vitro hemocompatibility. NCD coatings with small (NCD-S) and large (NCD-L) grain sizes were deposited using microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, contact angle testing, and Raman spectroscopy. NCD-S coatings exhibited average grain sizes of 50-80 nm (RMS 5.8 nm), while NCD-L coatings exhibited average grain sizes of 200-280 nm (RMS 23.1 nm). In vitro hemocompatibility testing using human blood included protein adsorption, hemolysis, nonactivated partial thromboplastin time, platelet adhesion, and platelet activation. Both NCD coatings demonstrated low protein adsorption, a nonhemolytic response, and minimal activation of the plasma coagulation cascade. Furthermore, the NCD coatings exhibited low thrombogenicity with minimal platelet adhesion and aggregation, and similar morphological changes to surface-bound platelets (i.e., activation) in comparison to the HDPE negative control material. For all assays, there were no significant differences in the blood-material interactions of NCD-S versus NCD-L. The two tested NCD coatings, regardless of nanotopography, had similar hemocompatibility profiles compared to the negative control material (HDPE) and should be further evaluated for use in blood-contacting medical devices. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 253-264, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby A Skoog
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Qijin Lu
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Richard A Malinauskas
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Anirudha V Sumant
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois
| | - Jiwen Zheng
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Peter L Goering
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Roger J Narayan
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Brendan J Casey
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Malaquin S, Rebibo L, Chivot C, Badoux L, Mahjoub Y, Dupont H. Congenital afibrinogenemia: a case report of a spontaneous hepatic hematoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4150. [PMID: 27428204 PMCID: PMC4956798 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Afibrinogenemia is a rare coagulation disorder. Clinical features of spontaneous bleeding, bleeding after minor trauma, or after surgery have been described as well as thrombo-embolic complications. In this article, we presented the case of a 19-year old female with congenital afibrinogenemia who was admitted with a spontaneous intrahepatic hematoma. CONCLUSIONS Supportive treatment including transfusion and fibrinogen administration, associated with repeated packing surgeries and selective embolization, were successfully performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Malaquin
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit
- Correspondence: Stephanie Malaquin, Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Amiens Picardy University Hospital, Réanimation Chirurgicale, CHU d’Amiens Picardie, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France (e-mail: )
| | | | - Cyril Chivot
- Department of Radiology, Amiens Picardy University Hospital
| | | | - Yazine Mahjoub
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit
- INSERM U1088, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Herve Dupont
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit
- INSERM U1088, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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58
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Cortelazzo A, De Felice C, Guerranti R, Signorini C, Leoncini S, Zollo G, Leoncini R, Timperio AM, Zolla L, Ciccoli L, Hayek J. Expression and oxidative modifications of plasma proteins in autism spectrum disorders: Interplay between inflammatory response and lipid peroxidation. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:1103-1112. [PMID: 27246309 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A role for inflammation and oxidative stress is reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Here, we tested possible changes in expression and/or oxidative status for plasma proteins in subjects with ASDs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To evaluate protein expression and protein adducts of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehyde, analysis of plasma proteins was performed in 30 subjects with ASDs and compared with 30 healthy controls with typical development, using a proteomic approach. RESULTS Significant changes were evidenced for a total of 12 proteins. Of these, ten were identified as proteins involved in the acute inflammatory response including alpha-2-macroglobulin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, serum transferrin, prealbumin, apolipoprotein A-I apolipoprotein A-IV, apolipoprotein J, and serum albumin. In addition, significant changes occurred for two immunoglobulins alpha and gamma chains. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our present data indicate that an inflammatory response, coupled with increased lipid peroxidation, is present in subjects with ASDs. This information can provide new insight into the identification of potential plasma protein biomarkers in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Cortelazzo
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Claudio De Felice
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, AOUS, Siena, Italy
| | - Roberto Guerranti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Leoncini
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Gloria Zollo
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Roberto Leoncini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Timperio
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Lello Zolla
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Lucia Ciccoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Joussef Hayek
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy
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Anwar MA, Al Shehabi TS, Eid AH. Inflammogenesis of Secondary Spinal Cord Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:98. [PMID: 27147970 PMCID: PMC4829593 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) and spinal infarction lead to neurological complications and eventually to paraplegia or quadriplegia. These extremely debilitating conditions are major contributors to morbidity. Our understanding of SCI has certainly increased during the last decade, but remains far from clear. SCI consists of two defined phases: the initial impact causes primary injury, which is followed by a prolonged secondary injury consisting of evolving sub-phases that may last for years. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms driving this condition are complex. Derangement of the vasculature is a notable feature of the pathology of SCI. In particular, an important component of SCI is the ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) that leads to endothelial dysfunction and changes in vascular permeability. Indeed, together with endothelial cell damage and failure in homeostasis, ischemia reperfusion injury triggers full-blown inflammatory cascades arising from activation of residential innate immune cells (microglia and astrocytes) and infiltrating leukocytes (neutrophils and macrophages). These inflammatory cells release neurotoxins (proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, free radicals, excitotoxic amino acids, nitric oxide (NO)), all of which partake in axonal and neuronal deficit. Therefore, our review considers the recent advances in SCI mechanisms, whereby it becomes clear that SCI is a heterogeneous condition. Hence, this leads towards evidence of a restorative approach based on monotherapy with multiple targets or combinatorial treatment. Moreover, from evaluation of the existing literature, it appears that there is an urgent requirement for multi-centered, randomized trials for a large patient population. These clinical studies would offer an opportunity in stratifying SCI patients at high risk and selecting appropriate, optimal therapeutic regimens for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akhtar Anwar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar UniversityDoha, Qatar; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of BeirutBeirut, Lebanon
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Perisanidis C, Psyrri A, Cohen EE, Engelmann J, Heinze G, Perisanidis B, Stift A, Filipits M, Kornek G, Nkenke E. Prognostic role of pretreatment plasma fibrinogen in patients with solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Treat Rev 2016; 41:960-70. [PMID: 26604093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma fibrinogen may be involved in several stages of cancer progression. Clinical studies have demonstrated that pretreatment plasma fibrinogen is associated with poor survival in various cancers. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the prognostic effect of circulating fibrinogen in solid tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and meeting proceedings to identify studies assessing the effect of pretreatment plasma fibrinogen on survival of cancer patients. Pooled multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were estimated using random-effects models. RESULTS Data from 52 observational studies and 15,371 patients were summarized. An elevated baseline plasma fibrinogen was significantly associated with worse OS (pooled HR = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.48–1.92). The highest negative effect of elevated plasma fibrinogen on OS was demonstrated in renal cell carcinoma (pooled HR = 2.22), followed by head and neck cancer (pooled HR = 2.02), and colorectal cancer (pooled HR = 1.89). The adverse prognostic impact of high plasma fibrinogen remained in both non-metastatic and metastatic disease and patients of different ethnicity. Patients with high baseline fibrinogen had a significantly shorter DFS (pooled HR = 1.52) and CSS (pooled HR = 2.50). CONCLUSIONS An elevated pretreatment plasma fibrinogen significantly correlates with decreased survival in patients with solid tumors. Future clinical trials are warranted to determine whether plasma fibrinogen could be incorporated in cancer staging systems and whether fibrinogen-lowering therapies have a favorable effect on disease recurrence and mortality.
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Utilisation of Quartz Crystal Microbalance Sensors with Dissipation (QCM-D) for a Clauss Fibrinogen Assay in Comparison with Common Coagulation Reference Methods. SENSORS 2016; 16:282. [PMID: 26927107 PMCID: PMC4813857 DOI: 10.3390/s16030282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The determination of fibrinogen levels is one of the most important coagulation measurements in medicine. It plays a crucial part in diagnostic and therapeutic decisions, often associated with time-critical conditions. The commonly used measurement is the Clauss fibrinogen assay (CFA) where plasma is activated by thrombin reagent and which is conducted by mechanical/turbidimetric devices. As quartz crystal microbalance sensors with dissipation (QCM-D) based devices have a small footprint, can be operated easily and allow measurements independently from sample transportation time, laboratory location, availability and opening hours, they offer a great opportunity to complement laboratory CFA measurements. Therefore, the objective of the work was to (1) transfer the CFA to the QCM-D method; (2) develop an easy, time- and cost-effective procedure and (3) compare the results with references. Different sensor coatings (donor’s own plasma; gold surface) and different QCM-D parameters (frequency signal shift; its calculated turning point; dissipation signal shift) were sampled. The results demonstrate the suitability for a QCM-D-based CFA in physiological fibrinogen ranges. Results were obtained in less than 1 min and in very good agreement with a standardized reference (Merlin coagulometer). The results provide a good basis for further investigation and pave the way to a possible application of QCM-D in clinical and non-clinical routine in the medical field.
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62
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De Jesus AM, Aghvami M, Sander EA. A Combined In Vitro Imaging and Multi-Scale Modeling System for Studying the Role of Cell Matrix Interactions in Cutaneous Wound Healing. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148254. [PMID: 26840835 PMCID: PMC4739727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cell types remodel the extracellular matrix of the tissues they inhabit in response to a wide range of environmental stimuli, including mechanical cues. Such is the case in dermal wound healing, where fibroblast migrate into and remodel the provisional fibrin matrix in a complex manner that depends in part on the local mechanical environment and the evolving multi-scale mechanical interactions of the system. In this study, we report on the development of an image-based multi-scale mechanical model that predicts the short-term (24 hours), structural reorganization of a fibrin gel by fibroblasts. These predictive models are based on an in vitro experimental system where clusters of fibroblasts (i.e., explants) were spatially arranged into a triangular geometry onto the surface of fibrin gels that were subjected to either Fixed or Free in-plane mechanical constraints. Experimentally, regional differences in short-term structural remodeling and cell migration were observed for the two gel boundary conditions. A pilot experiment indicated that these small differences in the short-term remodeling of the fibrin gel translate into substantial differences in long-term (4 weeks) remodeling, particularly in terms of collagen production. The multi-scale models were able to predict some regional differences in remodeling and qualitatively similar reorganization patterns for the two boundary conditions. However, other aspects of the model, such as the magnitudes and rates of deformation of gel, did not match the experiments. These discrepancies between model and experiment provide fertile ground for challenging model assumptions and devising new experiments to enhance our understanding of how this multi-scale system functions. These efforts will ultimately improve the predictions of the remodeling process, particularly as it relates to dermal wound healing and the reduction of patient scarring. Such models could be used to recommend patient-specific mechanical-based treatment dependent on parameters such as wound geometry, location, age, and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aribet M. De Jesus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Maziar Aghvami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Edward A. Sander
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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63
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Goodman JE, Prueitt RL, Sax SN, Pizzurro DM, Lynch HN, Zu K, Venditti FJ. Ozone exposure and systemic biomarkers: Evaluation of evidence for adverse cardiovascular health impacts. Crit Rev Toxicol 2016; 45:412-52. [PMID: 25959700 DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2015.1031371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently concluded that there is likely to be a causal relationship between short-term (< 30 days) ozone exposure and cardiovascular (CV) effects; however, biological mechanisms to link transient effects with chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD) have not been established. Some studies assessed changes in circulating levels of biomarkers associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, coagulation, vasoreactivity, lipidology, and glucose metabolism after ozone exposure to elucidate a biological mechanism. We conducted a weight-of-evidence (WoE) analysis to determine if there is evidence supporting an association between changes in these biomarkers and short-term ozone exposure that would indicate a biological mechanism for CVD below the ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 75 parts per billion (ppb). Epidemiology findings were mixed for all biomarker categories, with only a few studies reporting statistically significant changes and with no consistency in the direction of the reported effects. Controlled human exposure studies of 2 to 5 hours conducted at ozone concentrations above 75 ppb reported small elevations in biomarkers for inflammation and oxidative stress that were of uncertain clinical relevance. Experimental animal studies reported more consistent results among certain biomarkers, although these were also conducted at ozone exposures well above 75 ppb and provided limited information on ozone exposure-response relationships. Overall, the current WoE does not provide a convincing case for a causal relationship between short-term ozone exposure below the NAAQS and adverse changes in levels of biomarkers within and across categories, but, because of study limitations, they cannot not provide definitive evidence of a lack of causation.
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64
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Scheepers JDW, Malan L, de Kock A, Malan NT, Cockeran M, von Känel R. Hypercoagulation and hyperkinetic blood pressure indicative of physiological loss-of-control despite behavioural control in Africans: The SABPA study. Blood Press 2016; 25:219-27. [PMID: 26806201 DOI: 10.3109/08037051.2015.1131432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A dissociation between behavioural (in-control) and physiological parameters (indicating loss-of-control) is associated with cardiovascular risk in defensive coping (DefS) Africans. We evaluated relationships between DefS, sub-clinical atherosclerosis, low-grade inflammation and hypercoagulation in a bi-ethnic sex cohort. METHODS Black (Africans) and white Africans (Caucasians) (n = 375; aged 44.6 ± 9.7 years) were included. Ambulatory BP, vascular structure (left carotid cross-sectional wall area (L-CSWA) and plaque counts), and markers of coagulation and inflammation were quantified. Ethnicity/coping style interaction was revealed only in DefS participants. RESULTS A hypertensive state, less plaque, low-grade inflammation, and hypercoagulation were more prevalent in DefS Africans (27-84%) than DefS Caucasians (18-41%). Regression analyses demonstrated associations between L-CSWA and 24 hour systolic BP (R(2) = 0.38; β = 0.78; p < 0.05) in DefS African men but not in DefS African women or Caucasians. No associations between L-CSWA and coagulation markers were evident. CONCLUSION Novel findings revealed hypercoagulation, low-grade inflammation and hyperkinetic BP (physiological loss-of-control responses) in DefS African men. Coupled to a self-reported in-control DefS behavioural profile, this reflects dissociation between behaviour and physiology. It may explain changes in vascular structure, increasing cerebrovascular disease risk in a state of hyper-vigilant coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus De Wet Scheepers
- a Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), School for Physiology, Nutrition, and Consumer Science, North-West University , Potchefstroom , South Africa
| | - Leoné Malan
- a Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), School for Physiology, Nutrition, and Consumer Science, North-West University , Potchefstroom , South Africa ;,b Medical Research Council: Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University , Potchefstroom , South Africa
| | - Andrea de Kock
- a Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), School for Physiology, Nutrition, and Consumer Science, North-West University , Potchefstroom , South Africa
| | - Nicolaas Theodor Malan
- a Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), School for Physiology, Nutrition, and Consumer Science, North-West University , Potchefstroom , South Africa
| | - Marike Cockeran
- c Medicine Usage in South Africa (MUSA), North-West University , Potchefstroom , South Africa
| | - Roland von Känel
- a Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), School for Physiology, Nutrition, and Consumer Science, North-West University , Potchefstroom , South Africa ;,d Department of Neurology , Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern , Switzerland ;,e Department of Psychosomatic Medicine , Clinic Barmelweid , Barmelweid , Switzerland
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Nielsen AKW, Jeppesen AN, Kirkegaard H, Hvas AM. Changes in coagulation during therapeutic hypothermia in cardiac arrest patients. Resuscitation 2015; 98:85-90. [PMID: 26593973 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Therapeutic hypothermia improves neurological outcome in patients resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The aim was to investigate whether therapeutic hypothermia induced impaired coagulation. METHODS Changes in coagulation were investigated in 22 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia (33 ± 1 °C). Blood samples were obtained after 22 ± 2h of hypothermia and compared with normothermic samples drawn 48 h later. The coagulation was evaluated with thromboelastometry (ROTEM(®)) using a sensitive low-tissue-factor assay. Leukocytes, haemoglobin, haematocrit, platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time, international normalised ratio (INR) and fibrinogen were also measured. Clinical information including use of anti thrombotic drugs was systematically collected. RESULTS No significant changes were found in clotting time (p=0.21), clot formation time (p=0.26), time to maximum velocity (p=0.52) or maximum velocity (p=0.17) when results obtained at hypothermia were compared with results obtained at normothermia. Maximum clot firmness (p<0.01) and fibrinogen levels (p<0.01) were significantly higher in patients at normothermia. However, the fibrinogen levels were within the reference interval for all patients at both hypothermia and normothermia. Values of aPTT, thrombin time and INR at hypothermia and normothermia were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS No substantial difference in coagulation was found in hypothermia compared with normothermia in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The results indicate that treatment with hypothermia does not impair coagulation. CLINICALTRIALS IDENTIFIER NCT02179021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Katrine Wulff Nielsen
- Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombosis, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Anni Nørgaard Jeppesen
- Research Centre for Emergency Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Hans Kirkegaard
- Research Centre for Emergency Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Anne-Mette Hvas
- Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombosis, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
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66
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Recio-Rodriguez JI, Gomez-Marcos MA, Patino-Alonso MC, Puigdomenech E, Notario-Pacheco B, Mendizabal-Gallastegui N, de la Fuente ADLC, Otegui-Ilarduya L, Maderuelo-Fernandez JA, de Cabo Laso A, Agudo-Conde C, Garcia-Ortiz L. Effects of kiwi consumption on plasma lipids, fibrinogen and insulin resistance in the context of a normal diet. Nutr J 2015; 14:97. [PMID: 26374292 PMCID: PMC4572627 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Among fruits, kiwi is one of the richest in vitamins and polyphenols and has strong anti-oxidant effects. We aimed to analyze the relationship between the consumption of kiwi and plasma lipid values, fibrinogen, and insulin resistance in adults within the context of a normal diet and physical-activity. Methods Cross-sectional study. Participants (N = 1469), who were free of cardiovascular diseases, completed a visit, which included the collection of information concerning the participant’s usual diet and kiwi consumption using a previously validated, semi-quantitative, 137-item food-frequency-questionnaire. Fasting laboratory determinations included plasma lipids, fibrinogen and insulin resistance. Regular physical-activity was determined using accelerometry. Results Consumers of at least 1 kiwi/week presented higher plasma values of HDL-cholesterol (mean difference 4.50 [95 % CI: 2.63 to 6.36]) and lower triglyceride values (mean difference −20.03 [95 % CI: −6.77 to −33.29]), fibrinogen values (mean difference −13.22 [95 % CI: −2.18 to −24.26]) and HOMAir values (mean difference −0.30 [95 % CI: −0.09 to −0.50]) (p < 0.05, for all comparisons) than those who consumed less than 1 kiwi per week. In an adjusted logistic regression analysis, this group had a lower odds-ratio for presenting plasmatic fibrinogen concentrations above 400 mg/dL (OR = 0.68, 95 % CI 0.49 to 0.95), HDL-Cholesterol plasma values below 45 mg/dL (OR = 0.57, 95 % CI 0.36 to 0.91) and a HOMAir above 3 (OR = 0.61, 95 % CI 0.37 to 1.00). Conclusions Consumption of at least one kiwi/week is associated with lower plasma concentrations of fibrinogen and improved plasma lipid profile in the context of a normal diet and regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose I Recio-Rodriguez
- La Alamedilla Health Centre, Castilla and León Health Service-SACYL, redIAPP, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain. .,Unidad de Investigación, Centro de Salud La Alamedilla, Avda. Comuneros 27-31, 37003, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Manuel A Gomez-Marcos
- La Alamedilla Health Centre, Castilla and León Health Service-SACYL, redIAPP, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Elisa Puigdomenech
- Passeig de Sant Joan Health Center, Catalan Health Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Angela de Cabo Laso
- La Alamedilla Health Centre, Castilla and León Health Service-SACYL, redIAPP, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Agudo-Conde
- La Alamedilla Health Centre, Castilla and León Health Service-SACYL, redIAPP, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Garcia-Ortiz
- La Alamedilla Health Centre, Castilla and León Health Service-SACYL, redIAPP, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
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Petrick JL, Freedman ND, Graubard BI, Sahasrabuddhe VV, Lai GY, Alavanja MC, Beane-Freeman LE, Boggs DA, Buring JE, Chan AT, Chong DQ, Fuchs CS, Gapstur SM, Gaziano JM, Giovannucci EL, Hollenbeck AR, King LY, Koshiol J, Lee IM, Linet MS, Palmer JR, Poynter JN, Purdue MP, Robien K, Schairer C, Sesso HD, Sigurdson AJ, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Wactawski-Wende J, Campbell PT, McGlynn KA. Coffee Consumption and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma by Sex: The Liver Cancer Pooling Project. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:1398-406. [PMID: 26126626 PMCID: PMC4576990 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee consumption has been reported to be inversely associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer. Caffeine has chemopreventive properties, but whether caffeine is responsible for the coffee-HCC association is not well studied. In addition, few studies have examined the relationship by sex, and no studies have examined whether there is an association between coffee and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), the second most common type of liver cancer. METHODS In the Liver Cancer Pooling Project, a consortium of U.S.-based cohort studies, data from 1,212,893 individuals (HCC, n = 860; ICC, n = 260) in nine cohorts were pooled. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Higher coffee consumption was associated with lower risk of HCC (HR>3 cups/day vs. non-drinker, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.53-0.99; Ptrend cups/day = <0.0001). More notable reduced risk was seen among women than men (Pinteraction = 0.07). Women who consumed more than three cups of coffee per day were at a 54% lower risk of HCC (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.81), whereas men had more modest reduced risk of HCC (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.63-1.37). The associations were stronger for caffeinated coffee (HR>3 cups/day vs. non-drinker, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.50-1.01) than decaffeinated coffee (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.55-1.54). There was no association between coffee consumption and ICC. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that, in a U.S. population, coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk of HCC. IMPACT Further research into specific coffee compounds and mechanisms that may account for these associations is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Petrick
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Barry I Graubard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Gabriel Y Lai
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael C Alavanja
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Laura E Beane-Freeman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Deborah A Boggs
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julie E Buring
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dawn Q Chong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles S Fuchs
- Department of Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Lindsay Y King
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jill Koshiol
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Martha S Linet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jenny N Poynter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim Robien
- Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Catherine Schairer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alice J Sigurdson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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Lazzarino AI, Hamer M, Gaze D, Collinson P, Rumley A, Lowe G, Steptoe A. The association between fibrinogen reactivity to mental stress and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in healthy adults. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2015; 59:37-48. [PMID: 26010862 PMCID: PMC4512259 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma fibrinogen is considered as a positive mediator between mental stress and cardiovascular disease because it is an acute-phase protein released in response to mental stress and a coagulation factor. However those three factors have never been studied together within a single integrated framework, using cardiac troponin T as a marker of cardiovascular risk. METHODS 491 disease-free men and women aged 53-76 were tested for fibrinogen levels before, immediately after, and following recovery from standardized mental stress tasks. We measured plasma cardiac troponin T using a high-sensitivity assay (HS-CTnT) and coronary calcification using electron-beam dual-source computed tomography. RESULTS The average fibrinogen concentration increased by 5.1% (s.d.=7.3) in response to stress and then tended to return to baseline values. People with higher baseline fibrinogen values had smaller increases (blunted responses) following the stress task (P=0.001), and people with higher stress responses showed better recovery (P<0.001). In unadjusted analyses, higher baseline fibrinogen was associated with higher chances of having detectable HS-CTnT (P=0.072) but, conversely, higher fibrinogen response was associated with lower chances of having detectable HS-CTnT (P=0.007). The adjustment for clinical, inflammatory, and haemostatic factors, as well as for coronary calcification eliminated the effect of baseline fibrinogen, whereas the negative association between fibrinogen response and HS-CTnT remained robust: the odds of detectable HS-CTnT halved for each 10% increase in fibrinogen concentration due to stress (OR=0.49, P=0.007, 95% CI=0.30-0.82). CONCLUSIONS Greater fibrinogen responses to mental stress are associated with lower likelihood of detectable high-sensitivity troponin T plasma concentration. A more dynamic fibrinogen response appears to be advantageous for cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ivan Lazzarino
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark Hamer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - David Gaze
- Chemical Pathology, Clinical Blood Sciences, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London SW17 0QT, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Collinson
- Chemical Pathology, Clinical Blood Sciences, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London SW17 0QT, United Kingdom
| | - Ann Rumley
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Lowe
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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Hyperfibrinogen Is Associated With the Systemic Inflammatory Response and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2015; 44:977-82. [PMID: 25931258 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic prediction value of plasma fibrinogen level for overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. METHODS A total of 321 patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma were retrospectively recruited. The association between plasma fibrinogen level and OS was analyzed. We also evaluated the relationship between plasma fibrinogen level and the systemic inflammatory response markers: the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelets/lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio. RESULTS High plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly correlated with shorter OS in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (175 days for patients with high fibrinogen levels vs 357 days for patients with low fibrinogen levels; log rank, 22.949; P < 0.001). Multivariate analyses confirmed that plasma fibrinogen level was an independent prognostic predictor for OS (hazard ratio, 2.184; 95% confidence interval, 1.574-3.032; P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analyses showed that including plasma fibrinogen level alongside traditional factors (tumor stage and CA 19-9) significantly improved prognostic prediction capability (traditional model area under the curve of 0.62 versus combined model area under the curve of 0.708; P = 0.016). In addition, plasma fibrinogen level was positively correlated with neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelets/lymphocyte ratio and negatively correlated with lymphocyte/monocyte ratio. CONCLUSIONS Hyperfibrinogen is associated with the systemic inflammatory response and predicts poor prognosis for advanced pancreatic cancer.
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Urinary proteomic biomarkers to predict cardiovascular events. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:610-7. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Analysis of the binding of bovine and human fibrinogen to ferritin: evidence that fibrinogen is a common ferritin-binding protein in mammals. Biometals 2015; 28:679-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-015-9853-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Stanworth SJ, Hudson CL, Estcourt LJ, Johnson RJ, Wood EM. Risk of bleeding and use of platelet transfusions in patients with hematologic malignancies: recurrent event analysis. Haematologica 2015; 100:740-7. [PMID: 25795717 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.118075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent randomized trial (TOPPS) compared prophylactic platelet transfusions (for counts <10×10(9)/L) with a strategy of no-prophylaxis in adults with hematologic malignancies. Seventy percent of enrolled patients received an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Statistical models were developed to explore which patient factors or clinical characteristics are important prognostic factors for bleeding. These models were presented for baseline characteristics and for recurrent analysis of bleeding to assess the risks of World Health Organization grade 2-4 bleeding on any given day. Additional analyses explored the importance of fever. Treatment plan (chemotherapy/allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant), female sex, and treatment arm (no-prophylaxis) were significantly associated with an increased number of days of bleeding. The number of days with a platelet count <10×109/L was significantly associated with a grade 2-4 bleed (P<0.0001). Patients with a temperature of at least 38°C had the highest hazard of a grade 2-4 bleed (hazard ratio: 1.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.3 to 2.4, compared with the risk in patients with a temperature <37.5°C). There was no evidence that minor bleeding predicted a grade 2-4 bleed. The results highlighted the limited role of correction of thrombocytopenia by platelet transfusion in reducing the risk of bleeding. Clinically stable patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation had the lowest risk of bleeding and benefited least from prophylactic platelet transfusions. Prospective studies are required to address the usefulness of risk factors to support better targeted platelet transfusions. TOPPS Controlled-Trials.com number ISRCTN08758735.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Stanworth
- NHS Blood and Transplant/Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Cara L Hudson
- Statistics and Clinical Studies, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK
| | - Lise J Estcourt
- NHS Blood and Transplant/Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Rachel J Johnson
- Statistics and Clinical Studies, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK
| | - Erica M Wood
- Transfusion Research Unit, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Liu T, Zhong S, Rao F, Xue Y, Qi Z, Wu S. Catheter ablation restores decreased plasma miR-409-3p and miR-432 in atrial fibrillation patients. Europace 2015; 18:92-9. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Markus MRP, Lieb W, Stritzke J, Siewert U, Troitzsch P, Koch M, Dörr M, Felix SB, Völzke H, Schunkert H, Baumeister SE. Light to Moderate Alcohol Consumption Is Associated With Lower Risk of Aortic Valve Sclerosis: The Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:1265-70. [PMID: 25767276 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In developed countries, sclerotic and calcific degeneration of the aortic valve is a common disorder showing pathophysiologic similarities with atherothrombotic coronary disease. Light to moderate alcohol consumption has been associated with a lower risk for atherothrombotic coronary disease and mortality. Whether alcohol consumption affects the development of aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) is not well known. In the present study, we aim to analyze the cross-sectional association between average daily alcohol consumption and AVS in the general population. APPROACH AND RESULTS We analyzed cross-sectional data from 2022 men and women, aged 45 to 81 years, from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania. We used a computer-assisted interview that included beverage-specific questions about quantity and frequency of alcohol over the last 30 days to calculate the average quantity of alcohol consumption (in grams of ethanol per day). AVS was ascertained by echocardiography. The prevalence of AVS was 32.3%. Average daily alcohol intake displayed a J-type relation with AVS (fully adjusted P value: 0.005). Compared with individuals with an average consumption of 10 g of alcohol per day, multivariable-adjusted odds ratios were 1.60 (95% confidence interval, 1.19-2.14) among current abstainers and 1.56 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-2.41) among individuals with an average consumption of 60 g per day. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that light to moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a lower odd of having AVS. Prospective data need to address whether alcohol consumption and related changes over time in several biological markers affect the progression of AVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Ricardo Paulista Markus
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.).
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
| | - Jan Stritzke
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
| | - Ulrike Siewert
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
| | - Paulina Troitzsch
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
| | - Manja Koch
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
| | - Marcus Dörr
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
| | - Stephan Burkhard Felix
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
| | - Henry Völzke
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
| | - Sebastian Edgar Baumeister
- From the Department of Internal Medicine B (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F.), Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine (M.R.P.M., P.T., H.V., S.E.B.), and Department of Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Institute for Community Medicine (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (M.R.P.M., M.D., S.B.F., H.V.); Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W.L., M.K.); Department of Cardiology, Asklepios North Sea Clinic, Westerland/Sylt, Germany (J.S.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (H.S.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (H.S.); and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (S.E.B.)
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The effects of eating marine- or vegetable-fed farmed trout on the human plasma proteome profiles of healthy men. Br J Nutr 2015; 113:699-707. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514004152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Most human intervention studies have examined the effects on a subset of risk factors, some of which may require long-term exposure. The plasma proteome may reflect the underlying changes in protein expression and activation, and this could be used to identify early risk markers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of regular fish intake on the plasma proteome. We recruited thirty healthy men aged 40 to 70 years, who were randomly allocated to a daily meal of chicken or trout raised on vegetable or marine feeds. Blood samples were collected before and after 8 weeks of intervention, and after the removal of the twelve most abundant proteins, plasma proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein spots < 66 kDa with a pI >4·3 visualised by silver staining were matched by two-dimensional imaging software. Within-subject changes in spots were compared between the treatment groups. Differentially affected spots were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight/time of flight MS and the human Swiss-Prot database. We found 23/681 abundant plasma protein spots, which were up- or down-regulated by the dietary treatment (P< 0·05, q< 0·30), and eighteen of these were identified. In each trout group, ten spots differed from those in subjects given the chicken meal, but only three of these were common, and only one spot differed between the two trout groups. In both groups, the affected plasma proteins were involved in biological processes such as regulation of vitamin A and haem transport, blood fibrinolysis and oxidative defence. Thus, regular fish intake affects the plasma proteome, and the changes may indicate novel mechanisms of effect.
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Bassil N, Rostaing L, Mengelle C, Kallab S, Esposito L, Guitard J, Cardeau-Desangles I, Weclawiak H, Izopet J, Kamar N. Prospective monitoring of cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, BK virus, and JC virus infections on belatacept therapy after a kidney transplant. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2015. [PMID: 24907721 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2013.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few data regarding viral replication in patients receiving belatacept are available. The aim of this single-center study was to compare the incidence of viral infections (cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus, BK virus, and JC virus), in 62 de novo kidney transplant patients enrolled in the BENEFIT studies, receiving either belatacept (n=42) or cyclosporine (n=20). MATERIALS AND METHODS By means of polymerase chain reaction, belatacept-treated patients were tested for cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, BK virus, and JC virus infections monthly for 36 months, monthly for the first 6 months, and then quarterly for 36 months in cyclosporine-treated patients. Additional samples were obtained when a viral infection was suspected. RESULTS The number of positive cytomegalovirus, BK virus, or JC virus viremias over the number of polymerase chain reactions performed through all 3 years was similar in both groups. Conversely, over the 3-year study, the number of positive Epstein-Barr virus viremias over the number of Epstein-Barr virus polymerase chain reactions performed was significantly higher in the belatacept group (76% vs 50%; P = .047). The number of Epstein-Barr virus primary infection was similar in both groups, while the number of Epstein-Barr virus reactivation was higher in the belatacept group. CONCLUSIONS Epstein-Barr virus replication occurs more often in patients receiving belatacept, than it does in those receiving cyclosporine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Bassil
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Organ Transplantation, CHU Rangueil, Toulouse, France
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The contribution of genetic and environmental factors to changes in total and γ' fibrinogen over 5 years. Thromb Res 2015; 135:703-9. [PMID: 25613928 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increased fibrinogen is associated with cardiovascular disease risk. It is, however, not known to what extend environmental and genetic factors and/or their interaction influence changes in total and γ' fibrinogen over time. We aimed to determine how variation within the fibrinogen gene as well as environmental factors influence the change in total and γ' fibrinogen over time, and also whether gene-environment interactions influence total and γ' fibrinogen on a cross-sectional and prospective level in Africans. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study consisted of 2010 participants at baseline and 1288 participants at follow-up (5 years). RESULTS The gene-environment interactions that were associated with fibrinogen concentration on a cross-sectional level were: FGA 2224 G>A (rs2070011) with age (p=0.005), FGB Arg448Lys (rs4220) with HIV status (p<0.0001) and FGB 1038 G>A (rs1800791) with HbA1c (p=0.01). The only factor that independently influenced the change in total fibrinogen levels over time, was baseline CRP (p<0.0001) and FGG 10034 C>T (rs2066865) was the only single nucleotide polymorphism that independently influenced the change in fibrinogen γ' levels over time (p=0.02). Only the FGG 9340 T>C (rs1049636) with HbA1c interaction was found to predict change in total fibrinogen concentrations over time (p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS Gene-environment interactions influenced fibrinogen levels cross-sectionally and also mediated changes in levels over time.
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Association of β-fibrinogen promoter gene polymorphism (−148C/T), hyperfibrinogenemia and ischemic stroke in young adult patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Abstract
Coagulation is a dynamic process and the understanding of the blood coagulation system has evolved over the recent years in anaesthetic practice. Although the traditional classification of the coagulation system into extrinsic and intrinsic pathway is still valid, the newer insights into coagulation provide more authentic description of the same. Normal coagulation pathway represents a balance between the pro coagulant pathway that is responsible for clot formation and the mechanisms that inhibit the same beyond the injury site. Imbalance of the coagulation system may occur in the perioperative period or during critical illness, which may be secondary to numerous factors leading to a tendency of either thrombosis or bleeding. A systematic search of literature on PubMed with MeSH terms ‘coagulation system, haemostasis and anaesthesia revealed twenty eight related clinical trials and review articles in last 10 years. Since the balance of the coagulation system may tilt towards bleeding and thrombosis in many situations, it is mandatory for the clinicians to understand physiologic basis of haemostasis in order to diagnose and manage the abnormalities of the coagulation process and to interpret the diagnostic tests done for the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Palta
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Richa Saroa
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anshu Palta
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Swanepoel AC, Pretorius E. Erythrocyte-platelet interaction in uncomplicated pregnancy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2014; 20:1848-1860. [PMID: 25470019 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927614013518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Maternal and fetal requirements during uncomplicated pregnancy are associated with changes in the hematopoietic system. Platelets and erythrocytes [red blood cells (RBCs)], and especially their membranes, are involved in coagulation, and their interactions may provide reasons for the changed hematopoietic system during uncomplicated pregnancy. We review literature regarding RBC and platelet membrane structure and interactions during hypercoagulability and hormonal changes. We then study interactions between RBCs and platelets in uncomplicated pregnancy, as their interactions may be one of the reasons for increased hypercoagulability during uncomplicated pregnancy. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study whole blood smears from 90 pregnant females in different phases of pregnancy. Pregnancy-specific interaction was seen between RBCs and platelets. Typically, one or more platelets interacted through platelet spreading and pseudopodia formation with a single RBC. However, multiple interactions with RBCs were also shown for a single platelet. Specific RBC-platelet interaction seen during uncomplicated pregnancy may be caused by increased estrogen and/or increased fibrinogen concentrations. This interaction may contribute to the hypercoagulable state associated with healthy and uncomplicated pregnancy and may also play a fundamental role in gestational thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albe C Swanepoel
- Department of Physiology,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of Pretoria,Private Bag x323;Arcadia 0007,South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiology,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of Pretoria,Private Bag x323;Arcadia 0007,South Africa
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81
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Shim KH, Hulme J, Maeng EH, Kim MK, An SSA. Analysis of zinc oxide nanoparticles binding proteins in rat blood and brain homogenate. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9 Suppl 2:217-24. [PMID: 25565839 PMCID: PMC4279772 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s58204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are currently used in chemical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and electronic products. Nevertheless, limited safety information is available for many NPs, especially in terms of their interactions with various binding proteins, leading to potential toxic effects. Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs are included in the formulation of new products, such as adhesives, batteries, ceramics, cosmetics, cement, glass, ointments, paints, pigments, and supplementary foods, resulting in increased human exposures to ZnO. Hence, we investigated the potential ZnO nanotoxic pathways by analyzing the adsorbed proteins, called protein corona, from blood and brain from four ZnO NPs, ZnO(SM20(-)), ZnO(SM20(+)), ZnO(AE100(-)), and ZnO(AE100(+)), in order to understand their potential mechanisms in vivo. Through this study, liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy technology was employed to identify all bound proteins. Totals of 52 and 58 plasma proteins were identified as being bound to ZnO(SM20(-)) and ZnO(SM20(+)), respectively. For ZnO(AE100(-)) and ZnO(AE100(+)), 58 and 44 proteins were bound, respectively. Similar numbers of proteins were adsorbed onto ZnO irrespective of size or surface charge of the nanoparticle. These proteins were further analyzed with ClueGO, a Cytoscape plugin, which provided gene ontology and the biological interaction processes of identified proteins. Interactions between diverse proteins and ZnO nanoparticles could result in an alteration of their functions, conformation, and clearance, eventually affecting many biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Hwan Shim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Sungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - John Hulme
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Sungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Eun Ho Maeng
- Department of Analysis, KTR, Kimpo, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Meyoung-Kon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University Medical School and College, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Sungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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Abstract
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are markers of inflammatory conditions and have been used extensively by clinicians both in outpatient and inpatient settings. It is important to understand the physiologic principles behind these two tests so clinicians may use them appropriately. For example, fibrinogen (for which ESR is an indirect measure) has a much longer half-life than CRP, making ESR helpful in monitoring chronic inflammatory conditions, whereas CRP is more useful in diagnosis as well as in monitoring responses to therapy in acute inflammatory conditions, such as acute infections. Many factors can result in falsely high or low ESR and CRP levels, and it is important to take note of these. Therefore, if used wisely, ESR and CRP can be complementary to good history taking and physical examination in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory conditions.
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83
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Deng X, Cong Y, Yin R, Yang G, Ding C, Yu S, Liu X, Wang C, Ding Z. Proteomic analysis of chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells after infection by Newcastle disease virus. J Vet Sci 2014; 15:511-7. [PMID: 25234324 PMCID: PMC4269593 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2014.15.4.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Characteristic clinical manifestations of Newcastle disease include leukopenia and immunosuppression. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are the main targets of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection. To survey changes in proteomic expression in chicken PBMCs following NDV infection, PBMC proteins from 30 chickens were separated using two- dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and subjected to mass spectrometry analysis. Quantitative intensity analysis showed that the expression of 78 proteins increased more than two-fold. Thirty-five proteins exhibited consistent changes in expression and 13 were identified as unique proteins by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer including three that were down-regulated and 10 that were up-regulated. These proteins were sorted into five groups based on function: macromolecular biosynthesis, cytoskeleton organization, metabolism, stress responses, and signal transduction. Furthermore, Western blot analysis confirmed the down-regulation of integrin-linked kinase expression and up-regulation of lamin A production. These data provide insight into the in vivo response of target cells to NDV infection at the molecular level. Additionally, results from this study have helped elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of NDV and may facilitate the development of new antiviral therapies as well as innovative diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Deng
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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Aziz CBA, Omar N, Abdullah WZ, Jalil RA, Nik WSW, Zakaria R. Reduced fibrinogen, fibrinolytic biomarkers, and physical parameters after a weight-loss program in obese subjects. NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014; 6:377-82. [PMID: 25210670 PMCID: PMC4158645 DOI: 10.4103/1947-2714.139286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background: Obese subjects are at risk of multiple comorbidities including stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD), which is partly due to disturbances in the hemostatic system. Aims: The aims of the present study were to determine the effects of a weight-loss program on fibrinogen and fibrinolytic markers. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight obese subjects were involved in a weight-loss program consisted of exercise and nutritional education for 12-weeks duration. Physical parameters were documented and blood specimen was tested at pre and post-intervention for fibrinogen, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). Paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: There was a significant decline in the levels of t-PA, PAI-I, TAFI and fibrinogen following the weight-loss program (P < 0.01 for each). A significant positive correlation between tPA levels and body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and fat-free mass were found. There was also a significant correlation betwen BMI and other blood parameters. Conclusion: Reduced fibrinogen, fibrinolytic, and physical parameters were demonstrated in obese subjects following the weight reduction program. These findings suggest the possible beneficial effects of this program on the hemostatic burden particularly on the fibrinolytic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norsuhana Omar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Rohana Abdul Jalil
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Suriati Wan Nik
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rahimah Zakaria
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Talaat FM, Kamel T, Rabah AM, Ahmed SM, El-Jaafary SI, Abdelaziz GH. Epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs: risk factors for atherosclerosis. Int J Neurosci 2014; 125:507-11. [DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2014.949704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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86
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Berea-Baltierra R, Rivas-Ruiz R, Vela-Martinez E, Sevilla-Gonzalez MDLL, Talavera-Pina JO, Valencia-Jimenez E, Perez-Franco I, Escobedo-Hernandez L. Risk factors for subclavian vein thrombosis in cancer patients with total parenteral nutrition. J Clin Med Res 2014; 6:345-53. [PMID: 25110538 PMCID: PMC4125329 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr1862w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are few reports on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and its possible prothrombotic effect. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for subclavian vein thrombosis (SVT) in patients receiving TPN. Method Cancer patients with indwelling subclavian catheters and TPN were followed in a cohort study. Doppler ultrasound examination was performed 8 and 30 days after catheter placement. Results One hundred twenty-one patients were included, with a mean of 61 (± 11.8) years of age. We detected 36 SVT events at day 8 (29.8%) and 47 (38.8%) at day 30 after central catheter placement. Mean length of subclavian catheterization was 17.2 (± 8.2) days. Fifty-three point three percent of patients receiving ≥ 3,050 mOsm TPN in 24 hours developed SVT (relative risk (RR) = 2.01, 95% CI, 1.14 - 3.57; P = 0.016) at day 8 and 60% (RR = 1.67, 95% CI, 1.30 - 2.71; P = 0.038) at day 30 post-catheter placement. Protein administration of > 97.5 g/day was shown to be a risk factor for early thrombosis with a mean of 16.88 days for the development of SVT (95% CI, 10 - 23.7) versus 27.8 days (95% CI, 25.8 - 29.9) in the group with nutritional protein content < 97.5 g/day (P = 0.000). Conclusion High-osmolarity and high-protein nutrition formulas were shown to be risk factors for SVT in cancer patients receiving TPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Berea-Baltierra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nutritional Support, Oncology Hospital, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Rivas-Ruiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hospital, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elpidia Vela-Martinez
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nutritional Support, Oncology Hospital, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Osvaldo Talavera-Pina
- Centro de Adiestramiento en Investigacion Clinica, Coordinacionde Investigacion en Salud, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elena Valencia-Jimenez
- Department of Radiology, Oncology Hospital, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Irene Perez-Franco
- Department of Radiology, Oncology Hospital, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Escobedo-Hernandez
- Department of Radiology, Oncology Hospital, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
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Anderson SG, Hutchings DC, Heald AH, Anderson CD, Sanders TAB, Cruickshank JK. Haemostatic factors, lipoproteins and long-term mortality in a multi-ethnic population of Gujarati, African-Caribbean and European origin. Atherosclerosis 2014; 236:62-72. [PMID: 25014036 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the relations between haemostatic factors and lipoproteins with mortality in British Europeans, African-Caribbeans (AfC) and Gujarati Indians. METHODS A prospective cohort study of 331 subjects (40-79 years), followed-up over 26 years for mortality. Apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1), apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B), factor VII coagulant activity (FVIIc), fibrinogen and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) were measured at baseline in 118 Europeans, 100 AfC and 113 Gujaratis. Aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) was measured in 174 participants. RESULTS 147 (44.4%) subjects died during a median of 24 years follow-up with 69 cardiovascular deaths. Women at baseline had higher, and AfC males the lowest FVIIc and Apo-A1 levels. Baseline age-sex and ethnicity adjusted FVIIc levels were higher in those who died (131.0 vs. 117.4%; P = 0.048). In similarly adjusted partial correlations, Apo-A1 was inversely related to arterial stiffness (ρ = -0.23, P = 0.04). Over the 26 years follow-up, participants below the median (i.e. with lower concentration) of FVIIc, Fibrinogen, Apo-B and vWF had better survival rates than those with higher concentrations; those with higher concentrations of Apo-A1 had better survival. In Cox multivariable regression analyses including sex, ethnicity and aPWV, independently increased risk of all-cause mortality came only from SBP (per 5 mmHg); P = 0.011), age (per year); P < 0.0001 and FVIIc at 7% (per 10-unit; HR 1.07 (1.02, 1.12); P = 0.008. Separately, Apo-A1 (HR 0.12 (0.02, 0.75; P = 0.029) was independently associated with a very significant 88% reduction in all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Despite a relatively small sample size, long-term follow-up suggests an independent effect of the prothrombotic state (via FVIIc) and apo-A1 (a constituent of HDL) on mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Anderson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility (3rd Floor), University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
| | - D C Hutchings
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility (3rd Floor), University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - A H Heald
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility (3rd Floor), University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - C D Anderson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility (3rd Floor), University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - T A B Sanders
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Medicine & Nutrition, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - J K Cruickshank
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Medicine & Nutrition, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
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88
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Zhang YG, Jiang RQ, Guo TM, Wu SX, Ma WJ. MALDI-TOF-MS serum protein profiling for developing diagnostic models and identifying serum markers for discogenic low back pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:193. [PMID: 24889399 PMCID: PMC4061098 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The identification of the cause of chronic low back pain (CLBP) represents a great challenge to orthopedists due to the controversy over the diagnosis of discogenic low back pain (DLBP) and the existence of a number of cases of CLBP of unknown origin. This study aimed to develop diagnostic models to distinguish DLBP from other forms of CLBP and to identify serum biomarkers for DLBP. Methods Serum samples were collected from patients with DLBP, chronic lumbar disc herniation (LDH), or CLBP of unknown origin, and healthy controls (N), and randomly divided into a training set (n = 30) and a blind test set (n = 30). Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was performed for protein profiling of these samples. After the discriminative ability of two most significantly differential peaks from each two groups was assessed using scatter plots, classification models were developed using differential peptide peaks to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy. The identity of peptides corresponding to three representative differential peaks was analyzed. Results The fewest statistically significant differential peaks were identified between DLBP and CLBP (3), followed by CLBP vs. N (5), DLBP vs. N (9), LDH vs. CLBP (20), DLBP vs. LDH (23), and LDH vs. N (43). The discriminative ability of two most significantly differential peaks was poor in classifying DLBP vs. CLBP but good in classifying DLBP vs. LDH. The accuracy of models for classification of DLBP vs. CLBP was not very high in the blind test (forecasting ability, 67.24%; sensitivity, 70%), although a higher accuracy was observed for classification of DLBP vs. LDH and LDH vs. N (forecasting abilities, ~90%; sensitivities, >90%). A further investigation of three representative differential peaks led to the identification of two peaks as peptides of complement C3, and one peak as a human fibrinogen peptide. Conclusions Our findings benefit not only the diagnosis of CLBP but also the understanding of the differences between different forms of DLBP. The ability to distinguish between different causes of CLBP and the identification of serum biomarkers may be of great value to diagnose different causes of DLBP and predict treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-gang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Velsko IM, Chukkapalli SS, Rivera MF, Lee JY, Chen H, Zheng D, Bhattacharyya I, Gangula PR, Lucas AR, Kesavalu L. Active invasion of oral and aortic tissues by Porphyromonas gingivalis in mice causally links periodontitis and atherosclerosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97811. [PMID: 24836175 PMCID: PMC4024021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic vascular disease is a leading cause of myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accident, and independent associations with periodontal disease (PD) are reported. PD is caused by polymicrobial infections and aggressive immune responses. Genomic DNA of Porphyromonas gingivalis, the best-studied bacterial pathogen associated with severe PD, is detected within atherosclerotic plaque. We examined causal relationships between chronic P. gingivalis oral infection, PD, and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic ApoEnull mice. ApoEnull mice (n = 24) were orally infected with P. gingivalis for 12 and 24 weeks. PD was assessed by standard clinical measurements while the aorta was examined for atherosclerotic lesions and inflammatory markers by array. Systemic inflammatory markers serum amyloid A, nitric oxide, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein were analyzed. P. gingivalis infection elicited specific antibodies and alveolar bone loss. Fluorescent in situ hybridization detected viable P. gingivalis within oral epithelium and aorta, and genomic DNA was detected within systemic organs. Aortic plaque area was significantly increased in P. gingivalis-infected mice at 24 weeks (P<0.01). Aortic RNA and protein arrays indicated a strong Th2 response. Chronic oral infection with P. gingivalis results in a specific immune response, significant increases in oral bone resorption, aortic inflammation, viable bacteria in oral epithelium and aorta, and plaque development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina M. Velsko
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sasanka S. Chukkapalli
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mercedes F. Rivera
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ju-Youn Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry Pusan National University, Yangsan City, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Donghang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Indraneel Bhattacharyya
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Pandu R. Gangula
- Department of Physiology, Oral Biology and Research, CWHR Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Alexandra R. Lucas
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lakshmyya Kesavalu
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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90
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Stemberk V, Jones RPO, Moroz O, Atkin KE, Edwards AM, Turkenburg JP, Leech AP, Massey RC, Potts JR. Evidence for steric regulation of fibrinogen binding to Staphylococcus aureus fibronectin-binding protein A (FnBPA). J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12842-51. [PMID: 24627488 PMCID: PMC4007472 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.543546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The adjacent fibrinogen (Fg)- and fibronectin (Fn)-binding sites on Fn-binding protein A (FnBPA), a cell surface protein from Staphylococcus aureus, are implicated in the initiation and persistence of infection. FnBPA contains a single Fg-binding site (that also binds elastin) and multiple Fn-binding sites. Here, we solved the structure of the N2N3 domains containing the Fg-binding site of FnBPA in the apo form and in complex with a Fg peptide. The Fg binding mechanism is similar to that of homologous bacterial proteins but without the requirement for "latch" strand residues. We show that the Fg-binding sites and the most N-terminal Fn-binding sites are nonoverlapping but in close proximity. Although Fg and a subdomain of Fn can form a ternary complex on an FnBPA protein construct containing a Fg-binding site and single Fn-binding site, binding of intact Fn appears to inhibit Fg binding, suggesting steric regulation. Given the concentrations of Fn and Fg in the plasma, this mechanism might result in targeting of S. aureus to fibrin-rich thrombi or elastin-rich tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olga Moroz
- Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom and
| | | | - Andrew M. Edwards
- the Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ruth C. Massey
- the Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer R. Potts
- From the Departments of Biology and , Recipient of British Heart Foundation Senior Basic Science Research Fellowship FS/12/36/29588. To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: 44-1904-328679; E-mail:
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91
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Lu W, Wan X, Liu B, Rong X, Zhu L, Li P, Li J, Wang L, Cui L, Wang X. Specific changes of serum proteins in Parkinson's disease patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95684. [PMID: 24769800 PMCID: PMC4000217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify and validate protein change in the serum from PD patients. We used serum samples from 21 PD patients and 20 age-matched normal people as control to conduct a comparative proteomic study. We performed 2-DE and analyzed the differentially expressed protein spots by LC-MS/MS. In PD group 13 spots were shown to be differentially expressed compared to control group. They were identified as 6 proteins. Among these, 3 proteins were confirmed by Western blot analysis. It showed that the frequency of fibrinogen γ-chain (FGG) appeared 70% in PD, which could not be detected in control group. The protein of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITI-H4) was found to exist two forms in serum. The full size (120 kDa) of the protein was increased and the fragmented ITI-H4 (35 kDa) was decreased in PD group. The ratio of full size ITI-H4 to fragmented ITI-H4 in PD patients was 3.85±0.29-fold higher than in control group. Furthermore, fragmented Apo A-IV (∼26 kDa) was mainly detected in control group, while it was rare to be found in PD group. Above findings might be useful for diagnosis of PD. When the expressions of FGG and 120 kDa ITI-H4 are increase, as well as ∼26 kDa Apo A-IV disappear would provide strong evidence for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Wan
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xianfang Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Cui
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LC); (XW)
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LC); (XW)
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92
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Hiramoto JS, Katz R, Weisman S, Conte M. Gender-specific risk factors for peripheral artery disease in a voluntary screening population. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000651. [PMID: 24627420 PMCID: PMC4187488 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Women have high rates of peripheral artery disease (PAD) despite fewer cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, compared to men. We sought to determine the gender‐specific prevalence of low ankle brachial index (ABI) and the relationship to C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels and CVD risk factors in the Life Line Screening population. Methods and Results Between April 2005 and August 2011, 133 750 women and 71 996 men had ABI and CRP measured at a Life Line Screening Center. Women were slightly older than men, whereas men were more likely to be current smokers, have diabetes mellitus (DM), and coronary artery disease (CAD) (P<0.001 for each). Women were more likely to have ABI≤1.0, compared to men (26.6% versus 14.4%, respectively; P<0.001), as well as ABI≤0.9 (4.1% women versus 2.6% men; P<0.001). Women had higher median CRP levels (1.94 mg/L; interquartile range [IQR], 0.89, 4.44 mg/L), compared to men (1.35 mg/L; IQR, 0.73, 2.80 mg/L; P<0.001). Men and women shared similar risk factors for ABI≤0.9, including older age, black race, smoking, DM, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, CAD, and elevated CRP levels. In an adjusted model, there were significant interactions between gender and age (P<0.001), CRP (P<0.001), CAD (P=0.03), and DM (P=0.06) with ABI as the outcome. The associations between age, CRP, CAD, and DM with ABI≤0.9 were stronger in men than in women. Conclusions Women participating in the Life Line Screening had higher CRP levels and a higher prevalence of PAD, compared to men. Neither higher CRP levels nor conventional CVD risk factors explained the excess prevalence of PAD in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade S Hiramoto
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA
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93
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Ahmed F, Dutta NK, Zannettino A, Vandyke K, Choudhury NR. Engineering interaction between bone marrow derived endothelial cells and electrospun surfaces for artificial vascular graft applications. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:1276-87. [PMID: 24564790 DOI: 10.1021/bm401825c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to understand and engineer the interactions between endothelial cells and the electrospun (ES) polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) nanofiber surfaces and evaluate their potential for endothelialization. Elastomeric PVDF-HFP samples were electrospun to evaluate their potential use as small diameter artificial vascular graft scaffold (SDAVG) and compared with solvent cast (SC) PVDF-HFP films. We examined the consequences of fibrinogen adsorption onto the ES and SC samples for endothelialisation. Bone marrow derived endothelial cells (BMEC) of human origin were incubated with the test and control samples and their attachment, proliferation, and viability were examined. The nature of interaction of fibrinogen with SC and ES samples was investigated in detail using ELISA, XPS, and FTIR techniques. The pristine SC and ES PVDF-HFP samples displayed hydrophobic and ultrahydrophobic behavior and accordingly, exhibited minimal BMEC growth. Fibrinogen adsorbed SC samples did not significantly enhance endothelial cell binding or proliferation. In contrast, the fibrinogen adsorbed electrospun surfaces showed a clear ability to modulate endothelial cell behavior. This system also represents an ideal model system that enables us to understand the natural interaction between cells and their extracellular environment. The research reported shows potential of ES surfaces for artificial vascular graft applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furqan Ahmed
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia, Australia
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Rodriguez-Menocal L, Faridi MH, Martinez L, Shehadeh LA, Duque JC, Wei Y, Mesa A, Pena A, Gupta V, Pham SM, Vazquez-Padron RI. Macrophage-derived IL-18 and increased fibrinogen deposition are age-related inflammatory signatures of vascular remodeling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H641-53. [PMID: 24414074 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00641.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging has been associated with pathological vascular remodeling and increased neointimal hyperplasia. The understanding of how aging exacerbates this process is fundamental to prevent cardiovascular complications in the elderly. This study proposes a mechanism by which aging sustains leukocyte adhesion, vascular inflammation, and increased neointimal thickness after injury. The effect of aging on vascular remodeling was assessed in the rat balloon injury model using microarray analysis, immunohistochemistry, and LINCOplex assays. The injured arteries in aging rats developed thicker neointimas than those in younger animals, and this significantly correlated with a higher number of tissue macrophages and increased vascular IL-18. Indeed, IL-18 was 23-fold more abundant in the injured vasculature of aged animals compared with young rats, while circulating levels were similar in both groups of animals. The depletion of macrophages in aged rats with clodronate liposomes ameliorated vascular accumulation of IL-18 and significantly decreased neointimal formation. IL-18 was found to inhibit apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and macrophages, thus favoring both the formation and inflammation of the neointima. In addition, injured arteries of aged rats accumulated 18-fold more fibrinogen-γ than those of young animals. Incubation of rat peritoneal macrophages with immobilized IL-18 increased leukocyte adhesion to fibrinogen and suggested a proinflammatory positive feedback loop among macrophages, VSMC, and the deposition of fibrinogen during neointimal hyperplasia. In conclusion, our data reveal that concentration changes in vascular cytokine and fibrinogen following injury in aging rats contribute to local inflammation and postinjury neointima formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Rodriguez-Menocal
- Department of Surgery and Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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95
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A plasma proteomic approach in Rett syndrome: classical versus preserved speech variant. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:438653. [PMID: 24453418 PMCID: PMC3884802 DOI: 10.1155/2013/438653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder mainly caused by mutations in the gene encoding the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2). Although over 200 mutations types have been identified so far, nine of which the most frequent ones. A wide phenotypical heterogeneity is a well-known feature of the disease, with different clinical presentations, including the classical form and the preserved speech variant (PSV). Aim of the study was to unveil possible relationships between plasma proteome and phenotypic expression in two cases of familial RTT represented by two pairs of sisters, harbor the same MECP2 gene mutation while being dramatically discrepant in phenotype, that is, classical RTT versus PSV. Plasma proteome was analysed by 2-DE/MALDI-TOF MS. A significant overexpression of six proteins in the classical sisters was detected as compared to the PSV siblings. A total of five out of six (i.e., 83.3%) of the overexpressed proteins were well-known acute phase response (APR) proteins, including alpha-1-microglobulin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen beta chain, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and complement C3. Therefore, the examined RTT siblings pairs proved to be an important benchmark model to test the molecular basis of phenotypical expression variability and to identify potential therapeutic targets of the disease.
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96
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Saleh N, Samir N, Megahed H, Farid E. Homocysteine and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with lichen planus. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:1507-13. [PMID: 24330130 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation was found to play an important role in the development of cardiovascular risk factors. Homocysteine (Hcy) and fibrinogen have been identified as a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Lichen planus is assumed to be closely related to dyslipidaemia. Several cytokines involved in lichen planus pathogenesis, could explain its association with dyslipidaemia. Also chronic inflammation with lichen planus has been suggested as a component of the metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to detect a panel of cardiovascular risk factors in patients of lichen planus. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was done on 40 patients of lichen planus and 40 healthy controls. All patients and controls were subjected to clinical examination. Serum levels of homocysteine, fibrinogen and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique (ELISA). Metabolic syndrome parameters including anthropometric measures, lipid profiles, blood sugar and blood pressure were studied. RESULTS Patients with lichen planus showed significant association with metabolic syndrome parameters than controls (P < 0.001). Serum homocysteine, fibrinogen and hs-CRP were significantly higher in lichen planus patients than controls (P < 0.001). Serum homocysteine correlated with both serum hs-CRP and serum fibrinogen. However, there was no correlation between serum levels of homocysteine and fibrinogen with any metabolic syndrome criteria and related disorders except for a negative correlation of fibrinogen with high-density lipoprotein (HDL). CONCLUSION In the present work, patients with lichen planus were found to have higher makers of both metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in relation to controls most probably due to long standing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Saleh
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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97
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Evaluation of C-reactive protein as an inflammatory biomarker in rabbits for vaccine nonclinical safety studies. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2013; 68:367-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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98
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Díez P, Gamella M, Martínez-Ruíz P, Lanzone V, Sánchez A, Sánchez E, Garcinuño B, Villalonga R, Pingarrón JM. Biotin-Labeled Electropolymerized Network of Gold Nanoparticles for Amperometric Immunodetection of Human Fibrinogen. ChemElectroChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201300114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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99
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Carbayo Herencia JA, Simarro Rueda M, Artigao Ródenas LM, Divisón Garrote JA, Caldevilla Bernardo D, Ponce García I, Sanchis Domènech C. [Relationship between inflammation marker and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a prospective cohort study]. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2013; 25:56-62. [PMID: 23849212 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation is present in every stage of the atherosclerosis process, therefore, inflammation hallmarks such as the fibrinogen can be related to the complications in which it intervenes, mortality is one of them. The objective of this study is to assess the association of the fibrinogen with all-cause mortality in men from general population sample obtained by random sampling in the Spanish region of Albacete. METHODS A total of 506men without cardiovascular events with 10.6years (SD=2.3) of follow-up, volunteered to participate in a prospective cohort study. The assessment of the fibrinogen as a predictor variable has been calculated after adjusting it by age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol/triglycerides ratio, and smoking habit applying a Cox regression model. The adjustment has been made by adding the fibrinogen to the model, as a qualitative variable (<400 and ≥400mg/dl). RESULTS The average age of the participants was 46.6years old (DE=16.8). After the adjustment, the hyperfibrinogenemia (≥400mg/dl) showed a hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality of 1.85 (95%CI: 1.05-3.26) and for cardiovascular mortality HR=2.69 (95%CI: 1.09-6.63). CONCLUSIONS In men without cardiovascular events of our study, fibrinogen was showed as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.
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Kehoe S, Tremblay ML, Coughlan A, Towler MR, Rainey JK, Abraham RJ, Boyd D. Preliminary investigation of the dissolution behavior, cytocompatibility, effects of fibrinogen conformation and platelet adhesion for radiopaque embolic particles. J Funct Biomater 2013; 4:89-113. [PMID: 24956083 PMCID: PMC4030908 DOI: 10.3390/jfb4030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental embolic particles based on a novel zinc-silicate glass system have been biologically evaluated for potential consideration in transcatheter arterial embolization procedures. In addition to controlling the cytotoxicity and haemocompatibility for such embolic particles, its glass structure may mediate specific responses via dissolution in the physiological environment. In a 120 h in-vitro dissolution study, ion release levels for silicon (Si4+), sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), zinc (Zn2+), titanium (Ti4+), lanthanum (La3+), strontium (Sr2+), and magnesium (Mg2+), were found to range from 0.04 to 5.41 ppm, 0.27-2.28 ppm, 2.32-8.47 ppm, 0.16-0.20 ppm, 0.12-2.15 ppm, 0.16-0.49 ppm and 0.01-0.12 ppm, respectively for the series of glass compositions evaluated. Initial release of Zn2+ (1.93-10.40 ppm) was only evident after 120 h. All compositions showed levels of cell viabilities ranging from 61.31 ± 4.33% to 153.7 ± 1.25% at 25%-100% serial extract dilutions. The conformational state of fibrinogen, known to induce thrombi, indicated that no changes were induced with respect of the materials dissolution by-products. Furthermore, the best-in-class experimental composition showed equivalency to contour PVA in terms of inducing platelet adhesion. The data generated here provides requisite evidence to continue to in-vivo pre-clinical evaluation using the best-in-class experimental composition evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Kehoe
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Dalhousie University, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | | | - Aisling Coughlan
- Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, Alfred, NY 14802, USA.
| | - Mark R Towler
- Faculty of Engineering & Architectural Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Jan K Rainey
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Robert J Abraham
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, QE II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Daniel Boyd
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Dalhousie University, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
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