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Sangeetha S, Sreepradha C, Sobana S, Bidisha P, Panda RC. Modeling and Control of the Glucose‐Insulin‐Glucagon System in Type I Diabetis Mellitus. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201900015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Subramani Sobana
- Easwari Engineering CollegeElectronics & Instrumentation Engineering Chennai India
| | - Panda Bidisha
- Stella Maris CollegeDepartment of Chemistry Chennai India
| | - Rames C. Panda
- Central Leather Research InstituteChemical Engineering Department Chennai India
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Rahimi Ghiasi M, Mohammadi H, Symonds ME, Tabei SMB, Salehi AR, Jafarpour S, Norouzi Barough L, Rahimi E, Amirkhani Z, Miraghajani M, Salehi R. Efficacy of insulin targeted gene therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of rodent studies. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:406-415. [PMID: 32489555 PMCID: PMC7239425 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.39470.9359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major worldwide public health challenge, for which gene therapy offers a potential therapeutic approach. To date, no systematic review or meta-analysis has been published in this area, so we examined all relevant published studies on rodents to elucidate the overall effects of gene therapy on bodyweight, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), fasting blood glucose, and insulin in animals with type 1 DM. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were systematically searched for potentially relevant studies. Mean±standard deviation (SD) was pooled using a random-effects model. After the primary search, out of 528 studies identified, 16 studies were in concordance with predefined criteria and selected for the final assessment. Of these, 12 studies used viral manipulation, and 4 employed non-viral vectors for gene delivery. The meta-analysis showed gene therapy with a viral vector decreased mean IPGTT (-12.69 mmol/l, P<0.001), fasting blood glucose (-13.51 mmol/l, P<0.001), insulin (398.28 pmol/l, P<0.001), and bodyweight (24.22 g, P<0.001), whereas non-viral vectors reduced fasting glucose (-29.95 mmol/l, P<0.001) and elevated insulin (114.92 pmol/l, P<0.001). Gene therapy has favorable effects on alleviating type 1 DM related factors in diabetic rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moosa Rahimi Ghiasi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Michael E. Symonds
- The Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Nottingham Digestive Disease Centre and Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Seyed Mohammad Bagher Tabei
- Department of Genetics & Maternal-Fetal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sima Jafarpour
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Norouzi Barough
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elnaz Rahimi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Amirkhani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Miraghajani
- The Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Nottingham Digestive Disease Centre and Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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53
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Reduced PD-1 expression on circulating follicular and conventional FOXP3+ Treg cells in children with new onset type 1 diabetes and autoantibody-positive at-risk children. Clin Immunol 2020; 211:108319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ramakrishnan AM, Kumar P, Chatterjee S, Sankaranarayanan K. Differential expression of CRAC channel in alloxan induced Diabetic BALB/c mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:48-55. [PMID: 31983259 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1716788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: CRAC (Calcium Release Activated Calcium) channel is one of the most important channels regulating calcium influx and has been involved in many autoimmune diseases. The contribution of CRAC channel in the pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) has not been described much. Thus, we aimed to study the expression of CRAC channel and inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β (Interleukin -1β) and TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α) in the spleen-derived cytotoxic T cells, Bone marrow monocytes (BMM) and macrophages differentiated from BMM in the alloxan induced T1D mice.Materials and methods: BALB/c mice treated with alloxan and vehicle control for 12 and 24 h. Spleen derived T cells; Bone marrow derived monocytes were isolated from the control and diabetic BALB/c mice as well as macrophages differentiated from the control and diabetic BMM.Results: We observed increased expression of CRAC channel components like STIM1 (Stromal Interaction Molecule), ORAI1 and ORAI2 and inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and TNF-α in the spleen derived cytotoxic T cells and Macrophages differentiated from BMM as well as the downregulated expression of the same and CRAC channel in BMM of 12 and 24 h alloxan induced BALB/c mice.Conclusions: This study suggests that differential expression of CRAC channel correlated with the expression of inflammatory cytokines, thus CRAC channel might be responsible for the increased production of inflammatory cytokines in the alloxan induced T1D mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavitra Kumar
- Vascular Biology laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT Campus of Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- Vascular Biology laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT Campus of Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - Kavitha Sankaranarayanan
- Ion Channel Biology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT Campus of Anna University, Chennai, India
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55
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Najdahmadi A, Smink AM, de Vos P, Lakey JR, Botvinick E. Non-Invasive Monitoring of Oxygen Tension and Oxygen Transport Inside Subcutaneous Devices After H 2S Treatment. Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689719893936. [PMID: 32024377 PMCID: PMC7444232 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719893936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical devices for cell therapy can be improved through prevascularization. In this work we study the vascularization of a porous polymer device, previously used by our group for pancreatic islet transplantation with results indicating improved glycemic control. Oxygen partial pressure within such devices was monitored non-invasively using an optical technique. Oxygen-sensitive tubes were fabricated and placed inside devices prior to subcutaneous implantation in nude mice. We tested the hypothesis that vascularization will be enhanced by administration of the pro-angiogenic factor hydrogen sulfide (H2S). We found that oxygen dynamics were unique to each implant and that the administration of H2S does not result in significant changes in perfusion of the devices as compared with control. These observations suggest that vascular perfusion and density are not necessarily correlated, and that the rate of vascularization was not enhanced by the pro-angiogenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avid Najdahmadi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of
California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra M. Smink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical
Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical
Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan R.T. Lakey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California
Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA,
USA
| | - Elliot Botvinick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of
California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California
Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA,
USA
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56
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Novoselova EG, Glushkova OV, Lunin SM, Khrenov MO, Parfenyuk SB, Novoselova TV, Sharapov MG, Novoselov VI, Fesenko EE. Peroxiredoxin 6 Attenuates Alloxan-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Mice and Cytokine-Induced Cytotoxicity in RIN-m5F Beta Cells. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:7523892. [PMID: 32908936 PMCID: PMC7474389 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7523892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is associated with the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which is mediated via an autoimmune mechanism and consequent inflammatory processes. In this article, we describe a beneficial effect of peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) in a type 1 diabetes mouse model. The main idea of this study was based on the well-known data that oxidative stress plays an important role in pathogenesis of diabetes and its associated complications. We hypothesised that PRDX6, which is well known for its various biological functions, including antioxidant activity, may provide an antidiabetic effect. It was shown that PRDX6 prevented hyperglycemia, lowered the mortality rate, restored the plasma cytokine profile, reversed the splenic cell apoptosis, and reduced the β cell destruction in Langerhans islets in mice with a severe form of alloxan-induced diabetes. In addition, PRDX6 protected rat insulinoma RIN-m5F β cells, cultured with TNF-α and IL-1β, against the cytokine-induced cytotoxicity and reduced the apoptotic cell death and production of ROS. Signal transduction studies showed that PRDX6 prevented the activation of NF-κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling cascades in RIN-m5F β cells cultured with cytokines. In conclusion, there is a prospect for therapeutic application of PRDX6 to delay or even prevent β cell apoptosis in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Novoselova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Olga V. Glushkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Lunin
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Maxim O. Khrenov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Svetlana B. Parfenyuk
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Tatyana V. Novoselova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Mars G. Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Vladimir I. Novoselov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Evgeny E. Fesenko
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
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57
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Taghian T, Metelev VG, Zhang S, Bogdanov AA. Imaging NF-κB activity in a murine model of early stage diabetes. FASEB J 2019; 34:1198-1210. [PMID: 31914655 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801147r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Early pro-inflammatory signaling in the endocrine pancreas involves activation of NF-κB, which is believed to be important for determining the ultimate fate of β-cells and hence progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Thus, early non-invasive detection of NF-κB in pancreatic islets may serve as a potential strategy for monitoring early changes in pancreatic endocrine cells eventually leading to T1D. We investigated the feasibility of optical imaging of NF-κB transcription factor activation induced by low-dose streptozocin (LD-STZ) treatment in the immunocompetent SKH1 mouse model of early stage diabetes. In this model, we showed that the levels of NF-κB may be visualized and measured by fluorescence intensity of specific near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore-labeled oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplex (ODND) probes. In addition, NF-κB activation following LD-STZ treatment was validated using immunofluorescence and transgenic animals expressing NF-κB inducible imaging reporter. We showed that LD-STZ-treated SKH1 mice had significantly higher (2-3 times, P < .01) specific NIR FI in the nuclei and cytoplasm of islets cells than in non-treated control mice and this finding was corroborated by immunoblotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Finally, using semi-quantitative confocal analysis of non-fixed pancreatic islet microscopy we demonstrated that ODND probes may be used to distinguish between the islets with high levels of NF-κB transcription factor and control islet cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toloo Taghian
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Valeriy G Metelev
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Surong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alexei A Bogdanov
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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58
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Specialized pro-resolving mediators in diabetes: novel therapeutic strategies. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:2121-2141. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20190067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) is an important metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from inadequate production and secretion of insulin, impaired insulin action, or a combination of both. Genetic disorders and insulin receptor disorders, environmental factors, lifestyle choices and toxins are key factors that contribute to DM. While it is often referred to as a metabolic disorder, modern lifestyle choices and nutrient excess induce a state of systemic chronic inflammation that results in the increased production and secretion of inflammatory cytokines that contribute to DM. It is chronic hyperglycemia and the low-grade chronic-inflammation that underlies the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications leading to damage in a number of tissues and organs, including eyes, vasculature, heart, nerves, and kidneys. Improvements in the management of risk factors have been beneficial, including focus on intensified glycemic control, but most current approaches only slow disease progression. Even with recent studies employing SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrating protection against cardiovascular and kidney diseases, kidney function continues to decline in people with established diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Despite the many advances and a greatly improved understanding of the pathobiology of diabetes and its complications, there remains a major unmet need for more effective therapeutics to prevent and reverse the chronic complications of diabetes. More recently, there has been growing interest in the use of specialised pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) as an exciting therapeutic strategy to target diabetes and the chronic complications of diabetes.
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59
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Targeting Inflammation by Flavonoids: Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194957. [PMID: 31597283 PMCID: PMC6801776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A balanced metabolic profile is essential for normal human physiological activities. Disproportions in nutrition give rise to imbalances in metabolism that are associated with aberrant immune function and an elevated risk for inflammatory-associated disorders. Inflammation is a complex process, and numerous mediators affect inflammation-mediated disorders. The available clinical modalities do not effectively address the underlying diseases but rather relieve the symptoms. Therefore, novel targeted agents have the potential to normalize the metabolic system and, thus, provide meaningful therapy to the underlying disorder. In this connection, polyphenols, the well-known and extensively studied phytochemical moieties, were evaluated for their effective role in the restoration of metabolism via various mechanistic signaling pathways. The various flavonoids that we observed in this comprehensive review interfere with the metabolic events that induce inflammation. The mechanisms via which the polyphenols, in particular flavonoids, act provide a promising treatment option for inflammatory disorders. However, detailed clinical studies of such molecules are required to decide their clinical fate.
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60
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Farooq T, Rehman K, Hameed A, Akash MSH. Stem Cell Therapy and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Treatment Strategies and Future Perspectives. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1084:95-107. [PMID: 29896720 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is classified as an autoimmune disease which progressively results in the depletion of insulin-secreting β-cells. Consequently, the insulin secretion stops leading to hyperglycemic situations within the body. Under severe conditions, it also causes multi-organ diabetes-associated dysfunctionalities notably hypercoagulability, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and sometimes organ failures. The prevalence of this disease has been noticed about 3% that has highlighted the serious concerns for healthcare professionals around the globe. For the treatment of this disease, the cell therapy is considered as an important therapeutic approach for the replacement of damaged β-cells. However, the development of autoantibodies unfortunately reduces their effectiveness with the passage of time and finally with the recurrence of diabetes mellitus. The development of new techniques for extraction and transplantation of islets failed to support this approach due to the issues related to major surgery and lifelong dependence on immunosuppression. For T1DM, such cells are supposed to produce, store, and supply insulin to maintain glucose homeostasis. The urgent need of much-anticipated substitute for insulin-secreting β-cells directed the researchers to focus on stem cells (SCs) to produce insulin-secreting β-cells. For being more specific and targeted therapeutic approaches, SC-based strategies opened up the new horizons to cure T1DM. This cell-based therapy aimed to produce functional insulin-secreting β-cells to cure diabetes on forever basis. The intrinsic regenerative potential along with immunomodulatory abilities of SCs highlights the therapeutic potential of SC-based strategies. In this article, we have comprehensively highlighted the role of SCs to treat diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Farooq
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Arruje Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Manoylov IK, Boneva GV, Doytchinova IA, Mihaylova NM, Tchorbanov AI. Protein-engineered molecules carrying GAD65 epitopes and targeting CD35 selectively down-modulate disease-associated human B lymphocytes. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 197:329-340. [PMID: 31009057 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, the presence of autoreactive T and B cells and autoantibodies against self-antigens. A membrane-bound enzyme on the pancreatic beta-cells, glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), is one of the main autoantigens in type 1 diabetes. Autoantibodies against GAD65 are potentially involved in beta-cell destruction and decline of pancreatic functions. The human complement receptor type 1 (CD35) on B and T lymphocytes has a suppressive activity on these cells. We hypothesized that it may be possible to eliminate GAD65-specific B cells from type 1 diabetes patients by using chimeric molecules, containing an anti-CD35 antibody, coupled to peptides resembling GAD65 B/T epitopes. These molecules are expected to selectively bind the anti-GAD65 specific B cells by the co-cross-linking of the immunoglobulin receptor and CD35 and to deliver a suppressive signal. Two synthetic peptides derived from GAD65 protein (GAD65 epitopes) and anti-CD35 monoclonal antibody were used for the construction of two chimeras. The immunomodulatory activity of the engineered antibodies was tested in vitro using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from type 1 diabetes patients. A reduction in the number of anti-GAD65 IgG antibody-secreting plasma cells and increased percentage of apoptotic B lymphocytes was observed after treatment of these PBMCs with the engineered antibodies. The constructed chimeric molecules are able to selectively modulate the activity of GAD65-specific B lymphocytes and the production of anti-GAD65 IgG autoantibodies by co-cross-linking of the inhibitory CD35 and the B cell antigen receptor (BCR). This treatment presents a possible way to alter the autoimmune nature of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- I K Manoylov
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - G V Boneva
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - I A Doytchinova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - N M Mihaylova
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - A I Tchorbanov
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.,National Institute of Immunology, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Human beta cells generated from pluripotent stem cells or cellular reprogramming for curing diabetes. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 5:42-52. [PMID: 30984818 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-018-0082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by aberrantly high blood glucose levels caused by defects in insulin secretion, its action, or both, which affects approximately 30.3 million people (9.4% of the population) in the United States. This review will focus on using human β cells to treat and cure diabetes because β cells are absent, due to an autoimmune destruction, in Type 1 diabetes or dysfunctional in Type 2 diabetes. In order to generate enough functional β cells for diabetes treatment (0.1 to 1 billion cells to treat one patient), a basic science approach by mimicking what happens in normal pancreatic development must be closely aligned with engineering. Two general approaches are discussed here. The first one uses human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to perform directed differentiation of hPSCs to β cells. This is advantageous because hPSCs grow indefinitely, providing a virtually unlimited source of material. Therefore, if we develop an efficient β cell differentiation protocol, we can essentially generate an unlimited amount of β cells for disease modeling and diabetes treatment. The second approach is cellular reprogramming, with which we may begin with any cell type and covert it directly into a β cell. The success of this cellular reprogramming approach, however, depends on the discovery of a robust and efficient transcription factor cocktail that can ignite this process, similar to what has been achieved in generating induced pluripotent stem cells. This discovery should be possible through identifying the important transcription factors and pioneer factors via recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing. In short, a new renaissance in pancreas developmental biology, stem cell engineering, and cellular reprogramming for curing diabetes appears to be on the horizon.
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The Association between Depression and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Inflammatory Cytokines as Ferrymen in between? Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:2987901. [PMID: 31049023 PMCID: PMC6458932 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2987901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The depression incidence is much higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and the majority of these cases remain under-diagnosed. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is now widely thought to be an organ-specific autoimmune disease. As a chronic autoimmune condition, T1D is characterized by T cell-mediated selective loss of insulin-producing β-cells. The age of onset of T1D is earlier than T2D, and T1D patients have an increased vulnerability to depression due to its diagnosis and treatment burden occurring in a period when the individuals are young. The literature has suggested that inflammatory cytokines play a wide role in both diseases. In this review, the mechanisms behind the initiation and propagation of the autoimmune response in T1D and depression are analyzed, and the contribution of cytokines to both conditions is discussed. This review outlines the immunological mechanism of T1D and depression, with a particular emphasis on the role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) cytokines and their signaling pathways. The purpose of this review is to highlight the possible pathways of the cytokines shared by these two diseases via deciphering their cytokine cascades. They may provide a basic groundwork for future study of the possible mechanism that links these two diseases and to develop new compounds that target the same pathway but can conquer two diseases.
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64
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Perceptions by Adult Patients With Type 1 and 2 Diabetes of Current and Advanced Technologies of Blood Glucose Monitoring: A Prospective Study. Can J Diabetes 2019; 43:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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65
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Kumar SA, Delgado M, Mendez VE, Joddar B. Applications of stem cells and bioprinting for potential treatment of diabetes. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:13-32. [PMID: 30705712 PMCID: PMC6354103 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there does not exist a strategy that can reduce diabetes and scientists are working towards a cure and innovative approaches by employing stem cell-based therapies. On the other hand, bioprinting technology is a novel therapeutic approach that aims to replace the diseased or lost β-cells, insulin-secreting cells in the pancreas, which can potentially regenerate damaged organs such as the pancreas. Stem cells have the ability to differentiate into various cell lines including insulin-producing cells. However, there are still barriers that hamper the successful differentiation of stem cells into β-cells. In this review, we focus on the potential applications of stem cell research and bioprinting that may be targeted towards replacing the β-cells in the pancreas and may offer approaches towards treatment of diabetes. This review emphasizes on the applicability of employing both stem cells and other cells in 3D bioprinting to generate substitutes for diseased β-cells and recover lost pancreatic functions. The article then proceeds to discuss the overall research done in the field of stem cell-based bioprinting and provides future directions for improving the same for potential applications in diabetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Anil Kumar
- Inspired Materials and Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Monica Delgado
- Inspired Materials and Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Victor E Mendez
- Inspired Materials and Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Binata Joddar
- Inspired Materials and Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, United States.
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Cañibano-Hernández A, Saenz del Burgo L, Espona-Noguera A, Orive G, Hernández RM, Ciriza J, Pedraz JL. Hyaluronic Acid Promotes Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Different Sources toward Pancreatic Progenitors within Three-Dimensional Alginate Matrixes. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:834-845. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cañibano-Hernández
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Laura Saenz del Burgo
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Albert Espona-Noguera
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Hernández
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Jesús Ciriza
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - José Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
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Silveira AC, Dias JP, Santos VM, Oliveira PF, Alves MG, Rato L, Silva BM. The Action of Polyphenols in Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's Disease: A Common Agent for Overlapping Pathologies. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:590-613. [PMID: 30081787 PMCID: PMC6712293 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180803162059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two prevalent diseases in modern societies, which are caused mainly by current lifestyle, aging and genetic alterations. It has already been demonstrated that these two diseases are associated, since individuals suffering from DM are prone to develop AD. Conversely, it is also known that individuals with AD are more susceptible to DM, namely type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Therefore, these two pathologies, although completely different in terms of symptomatology, end up sharing several mechanisms at the molecular level, with the most obvious being the increase of oxidative stress and inflammation. Polyphenols are natural compounds widely spread in fruits and vegetables whose dietary intake has been considered inversely proportional to the incidence of DM and AD. So, it is believed that this group of phytochemicals may have preventive and therapeutic potential, not only by reducing the risk and delaying the development of these pathologies, but also by improving brain's metabolic profile and cognitive function. The aim of this review is to understand the extent to which DM and AD are related pathologies, the degree of similarity and the relationship between them, to detail the molecular mechanisms by which polyphenols may exert a protective effect, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and highlight possible advantages of their use as common preventive and therapeutic alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Branca M. Silva
- Address correspondence to this author at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D.Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Tel: +351 275319700; Fax: +351 275 329 183; E-mail:
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Tan SY, Mei Wong JL, Sim YJ, Wong SS, Mohamed Elhassan SA, Tan SH, Ling Lim GP, Rong Tay NW, Annan NC, Bhattamisra SK, Candasamy M. Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: A review on current treatment approach and gene therapy as potential intervention. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:364-372. [PMID: 30641727 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus is a serious and lifelong condition commonly characterised by abnormally elevated blood glucose levels due to a failure in insulin production or a decrease in insulin sensitivity and function. Over the years, prevalence of diabetes has increased globally and it is classified as one of the leading cause of high mortality and morbidity rate. Furthermore, diabetes confers a huge economic burden due to its management costs as well as its complications are skyrocketing. The conventional medications in diabetes treatment focusing on insulin secretion and insulin sensitisation cause unwanted side effects to patients and lead to incompliance as well as treatment failure. Besides insulin and oral hypoglycaemic agents, other treatments such as gene therapy and induced β-cells regeneration have not been widely introduced to manage diabetes. Therefore, this review aims to deliver an overview of the current conventional medications in diabetes, discovery of newer pharmacological drugs and gene therapy as a potential intervention of diabetes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Yee Tan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Joyce Ling Mei Wong
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Yan Jinn Sim
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Su Sie Wong
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Safa Abdelgadir Mohamed Elhassan
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sean Hong Tan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Grace Pei Ling Lim
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Nicole Wuen Rong Tay
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Naveenya Chetty Annan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mayuren Candasamy
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Rawat A, Misra G, Saxena M, Tripathi S, Dubey D, Saxena S, Aggarwal A, Gupta V, Khan MY, Prakash A. 1H NMR based serum metabolic profiling reveals differentiating biomarkers in patients with diabetes and diabetes-related complication. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:290-298. [PMID: 30641714 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is among the most prevalent diseases worldwide, of all the affected individuals a significant proportion of the population remains undiagnosed due to lack of specific symptoms early in this disorder and inadequate diagnostics. Diabetes and its associated sequela, i.e., comorbidity are associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications. As diabetes is characterized by an altered metabolism of key metabolites and regulatory pathways. Metabolic phenotyping can provide us with a better understanding of the unique set of regulatory perturbations that predispose to diabetes and its associated complication/comorbidities. METHODOLOGY The present study utilizes the analytical platform NMR spectroscopy coupled with Random Forest statistical analysis to identify the discriminatory metabolites in diabetes (DB = 38) vs. diabetes-related complication (DC = 35) along with the healthy control (HC = 50) subjects. A combined and pairwise analysis was performed to identify the discriminatory metabolites responsible for class separation. The perturbed metabolites were further rigorously validated using t-test, AUROC analysis to examine the statistical significance of the identified metabolites. RESULTS The DB and DC patients were well discriminated from HC. However, 15 metabolites were found to be significantly perturbed in DC patients compared to DB, the identified panel of metabolites are TCA cycle (succinate, citrate), methylamine metabolism (trimethylamine, methylamine, betaine), -intermediates; energy metabolites (glucose, lactate, pyruvate); and amino acids (valine, arginine, glutamate, methionine, proline, and threonine). CONCLUSION The 1H NMR metabolomics may prove a promising technique to differentiate and predict diabetes and its complication on their onset or progression by determining the altered levels of the metabolites in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Rawat
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Gunjan Misra
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, CSJMU, Kanpur, India
| | - Madhukar Saxena
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Durgesh Dubey
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sulekha Saxena
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Avinash Aggarwal
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Varsha Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, CSJMU, Kanpur, India
| | - M Y Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, India.
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Taherian M, Mahin Samadi P, Rastegar H, Faramarzi MA, Rostami-Nejad M, Yazdi MH, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Yazdi Z. An Overview on Probiotics as an Alternative Strategy for Prevention and Treatment of Human Diseases. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2019; 18:31-50. [PMID: 32802088 PMCID: PMC7393061 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112232.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are viable and useful microorganisms, which are beneficial factors for human and animal health by altering their microbial flora. Most of the probiotics belong to a large group of bacteria in the human gastrointestinal tract. There are several clinical shreds of evidence that show anti-carcinogenic effects of probiotics through altering digestive enzymes, inhibition of carcinogenic agents, and modulating the immune responses in experimental animals. Many studies have been performed to evaluate the potential effectiveness of probiotics in treating or preventing neurological diseases such as MS and novel treatment modality for T1D. The purpose of this study is to have an overview on probiotic microorganisms and to review the previous researches on the effects of probiotics on health through currently available literatures. The study was performed using following keywords; Probiotics, Cancer, Immune system, Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Diabetes mellitus. PubMed/Medline, Clinicaltrials.gov, Ovid, Google Scholar, and Reaxcys databases used to find the full text of related articles. According to the current available data on probiotics and related health-promoting benefits, it seems that, consumption of probiotics can lead to the prevention and reduction the risk of cancer, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis. Although for the better and more decisive conclusion, there is a need to larger sample size clinical studies with more focus on the safety of these biological agents and their possible beneficial effects on different population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Taherian
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Iran Food and Drug Organization (FDO), Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOH), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pariya Mahin Samadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Rastegar
- Food and Drug Cosmetic Research Center, Iran Food and Drug Organization (FDO), Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOH), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Yazdi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Evidence-based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Yazdi
- Department of Medicine and epidemiology, School of veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA.
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Hwang Y, Cha SH, Hong Y, Jung AR, Jun HS. Direct differentiation of insulin-producing cells from human urine-derived stem cells. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:1668-1676. [PMID: 31839754 PMCID: PMC6909801 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.36011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of pancreatic β-cells is a cause of diabetes. Therefore, replacement of pancreatic β-cells is a logical strategy for the treatment of diabetes, and the generation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from stem cells has been widely investigated as an alternative source for pancreatic β-cells. Here, we isolated stem cells from human urine and investigated their differentiation potential into IPCs. We checked the expression of surface stem cell markers and stem cell transcription factors, and found that the isolated human urine-derived stem cells (hUDSCs) expressed the stem cell markers CD44, CD90, CD105 and stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4. In addition, these cells expressed octamer binding transcription factor (Oct)4 and vimentin. hUDSCs could differentiate into adipocytes and osteocytes, as evidenced by Oil-red O staining and Alizarin Red S-staining of differentiated cells, respectively. When we directly differentiated hUDSCs into IPCs, the differentiated cells expressed mRNA for pancreatic transcription factors such as neurogenin (Ngn)3 and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox (Pdx)1. Differentiated IPCs expressed insulin and glucagon mRNA and protein, and these IPCs also secreted insulin in response to glucose stimulation. In conclusion, we found that hUDSCs can be directly differentiated into IPCs, which secrete insulin in response to glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongha Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Heui Cha
- Department of Marine Bioindustry, Hanseo University, Chungcheongman-do, 31962, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhee Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ryang Jung
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.,Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea.,Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
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Peng Y, Wen D, Lin F, Mahato RI. Co-delivery of siAlox15 and sunitinib for reversing the new-onset of type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice. J Control Release 2018; 292:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Zamanian Z, Yousefinejad S, Khoshnoud MJ, Golbabaie F, Farhang Dehghan S, Modaresi A, Amanat S, Reza Zare M, Rahmani A. Toxic effects of subacute inhalation exposure to trichloroethylene on serum lipid profile, glucose and biochemical parameters in Sprague-Dawley rats. Inhal Toxicol 2018; 30:354-360. [PMID: 30479189 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1526233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the inhalation toxicity of trichloroethylene (TCE) at 0, 10, 100, 250 and 400 ppm in Sprague-Dawley rats for 10 day period, because the subacute inhalation toxicity of TCE on serum lipid profile, glucose and some biochemical parameters has not been previously reported. TCE vapors were generated using the dynamic generation system based on evaporation method in the exposure chamber. On the basis of the results, mean serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and albumin (ALB) decreased significantly in all the groups exposed to TCE compared with the control group (p < .005), but there was a significant increase for parameters: fasting blood glucose (FBG) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p < .005). Rats exposed to 400 ppm TCE showed a significant decrease in serum cholesterol (CHOL) and protein (Pr) compared with the control group (p < .005). A negative relationship was found between triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), CHOL, LDL, Pr, ALB and urea levels and the subacute exposure to concentrations of TCE (R2 = -0.26, p < .05), but there was a direct correlation for parameters FBG, ALP and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (R2 = 0.42, p < .05). In conclusion, studies with Sprague-Dawley rats demonstrated that subacute inhalation exposure to TCE (≥ 100 PPM) is associated with biochemical and lipotoxicity in the form of decreased serum ALB and LDL and raised ALP and glucose levels. The present study also provides additional evidence relating to decreased serum CHOL and Pr after subacute inhalation exposure to 400 ppm TCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zamanian
- a Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Saeed Yousefinejad
- a Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khoshnoud
- b Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, School of Pharmacy , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Farideh Golbabaie
- c Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Somayeh Farhang Dehghan
- d Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health and Safety , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Aboutaleb Modaresi
- e Modaresi Laboratory , Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan , Iran
| | - Sasan Amanat
- f Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health , Larestan University of Medical Sciences , Larestan , Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zare
- g Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health , Larestan University of Medical Sciences , Larestan , Iran
| | - Abdolrasoul Rahmani
- a Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
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In vitro assessment of cord blood-derived proinsulin-specific regulatory T cells for cellular therapy in type 1 diabetes. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1355-1370. [PMID: 30340983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antigen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) have proven to be effective in reversing established autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Cord blood (CB) can serve as an efficient and safe source for Tregs for antigen-specific immunomodulation in T1D, a strategy that is yet to be explored. Therefore, we assessed the potential of CB in generation of proinsulin (PI)-specific Tregs by using HLA class II tetramers. METHODS We analyzed the frequency of PI-specific natural Tregs (nTregs) and induced Tregs (iTregs) derived from the CB as well as peripheral blood (PB) of patients with T1D and healthy control subjects. For this, CD4+CD25+CD127low and CD4+CD25-T cells were cultured in the presence of PI-derived peptides, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and rapamycin. PI-specific Tregs were then selected using allele-specific HLA II tetramers loaded with PI-derived peptides, followed by suppression assays. RESULTS Following stimulation, we observed that CB harbors a significantly higher frequency of PI-specific Tregs than PB of subjects with T1D (P = 0.0003). Further, the proportion of PI-specific Tregs was significantly higher in both the nTreg (P = 0.01) and iTreg (P = 0.0003) compartments of CB as compared with PB of subjects with T1D. In co-culture experiments, the PI-specific Tregs suppressed the proliferation of effector T cells significantly (P = 0.0006). The expanded nTregs were able to retain hypomethylation status at their Tregs-specific demethylated region (TSDR), whereas iTregs were unable to acquire the characteristic demethylation pattern. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that CB can serve as an excellent source for generation of functional antigen-specific Tregs for immunotherapeutic approaches in subjects with T1D.
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Li X, Meng Q, Zhang L. The Fate of Allogeneic Pancreatic Islets following Intraportal Transplantation: Challenges and Solutions. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:2424586. [PMID: 30345316 PMCID: PMC6174795 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2424586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation as a therapeutic option for type 1 diabetes mellitus is gaining widespread attention because this approach can restore physiological insulin secretion, minimize the risk of hypoglycemic unawareness, and reduce the risk of death due to severe hypoglycemia. However, there are many obstacles contributing to the early mass loss of the islets and progressive islet loss in the late stages of clinical islet transplantation, including hypoxia injury, instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions, inflammatory cytokines, immune rejection, metabolic exhaustion, and immunosuppression-related toxicity that is detrimental to the islet allograft. Here, we discuss the fate of intrahepatic islets infused through the portal vein and propose potential interventions to promote islet allograft survival and improve long-term graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086 Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086 Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086 Heilongjiang Province, China
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Dornadula S, Thiruppathi S, Palanisamy R, Umapathy D, Suzuki T, K. Mohanram R. Differential proteomic profiling identifies novel molecular targets of pterostilbene against experimental diabetes. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1996-2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sireesh Dornadula
- SRM Research InstituteSRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur Tamil Nadu India
- Department of BiotechnologySchool of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Suresh Thiruppathi
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapy ProductsNational Institute of Health SciencesTokyo Japan
| | | | - Dhamodharan Umapathy
- SRM Research InstituteSRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapy ProductsNational Institute of Health SciencesTokyo Japan
| | - Ramkumar K. Mohanram
- SRM Research InstituteSRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur Tamil Nadu India
- Department of BiotechnologySchool of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur Tamil Nadu India
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Elmaoğulları S, Uçaktürk SA, Elbeg Ş, Döğer E, Tayfun M, Gürbüz F, Bideci A. Prevalence of ZnT8 Antibody in Turkish Children and Adolescents with New Onset Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2018; 10:108-112. [PMID: 28943512 PMCID: PMC5985378 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.5020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Zinc transporter 8 protein (ZnT8A) is a transmembrane protein which functions to transfer zinc to insulin vesicles. Antibodies formed against ZnT8A (ZnT8A) are regarded as an independent autoimmunity demonstrator in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ZnT8A in Turkish children with new onset T1D. METHOD Eighty four patients between 1-18 years of age diagnosed with T1D between February 2015-March 2016 and the control group consisting of 50 healthy children without any autoimmune diseases were included in the study. Serum samples for ZnT8A testing were taken from the patient group within a week of diagnosis. A ZnT8A enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used in the analyses. RESULTS ZnT8A positivity was detected in 58% of the patients with new onset T1D and 8% of the control group. ZnT8A were demonstrated in 5 of 11 patients with negative results for classical diabetes antibodies [insulinoma antigen-2 antibody (IA-2A), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) or insulin autoantibodies]. No association was found between ZnT8A positivity and age, gender, presence or degree of ketoacidosis at presentation, hemoglobin A1c, insulin or C-peptide concentration, or the presence of either thyroid or celiac antibodies. CONCLUSION ZnT8A prevalence in children with T1D in Turkey was compatible with the literature. The ratio of patients who are clinically considered to have T1D but have negative routine diabetes auto-antibodies were observed to decrease nearly by 50% when ZnT8 antibodies were added to the panel. ZnT8 measurement should be more widespread for clarifying the etiology in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Elmaoğulları
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara Children’s Hematology and Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seyit Ahmet Uçaktürk
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara Children’s Hematology and Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şehri Elbeg
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Döğer
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara Turkey
| | - Meltem Tayfun
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara Children’s Hematology and Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Gürbüz
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara Children’s Hematology and Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysun Bideci
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara Turkey
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78
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Xu Y, Shi W, Song R, Long W, Guo H, Yuan S, Zhang T. Divergent patterns of genic copy number variation in KCNIP1 gene reveal risk locus of type 2 diabetes in Chinese population. Endocr J 2018; 65:537-545. [PMID: 29491224 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number variation (CNV) has emerged as another important genetic marker in addition to SNP for understanding etiology of complex disease. Kv channel interacting protein 1 (KCNIP1) is a Ca2+-dependent transcriptional modulator that contributes to the regulation of insulin secretion. Previous genome-wide CNV assay identified the KCNIP1 gene encompassing a CNV region, however, its further effect and risk rate on type 2 diabetes (T2D) have rarely been addressed, especially in Chinese population. The current study aims to detect and excavate genetic distribution profile of KCNIP1 CNV in Chinese T2D and control populations, and further to investigate the associations with clinical characteristics. Divergent patterns of the KCNIP1 CNV were identified (p < 0.01), in which the copy number gain was predominant in T2D, while the copy number normal accounted for the most in control group. Consistently, the individuals with copy number gain showed significant risk on T2D (OR = 4.550, p < 0.01). The KCNIP1 copy numbers presented significantly positive correlations with fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin in T2D. For OGTT test, the T2D patients with copy number gain had remarkably elevated glucose contents (60, 120, 180-min, p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) and diminished insulin levels (60, 120-min, p < 0.05) than those with copy number loss and normal, which suggested that the KCNIP1 CNV was correlated with the glucose and insulin action. This is the first CNV association study of the KCNIP1 gene in Chinese population, and these data indicated that KCNIP1 might function as a T2D-susceptibility gene whose dysregulation alters insulin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Weilin Shi
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Ruhui Song
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Wenlin Long
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
| | - Shiliang Yuan
- Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, China
| | - Tongcun Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China
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Najdahmadi A, Lakey JRT, Botvinick E. Structural Characteristics and Diffusion Coefficient of Alginate Hydrogels Used for Cell Based Drug Delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1557/adv.2018.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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80
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Wang X, Xi W, Qin J, Lv J, Wang Y, Zhang T, Li SJ. Deficiency of voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 attenuates streptozotocin-induced β-cell damage. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 498:975-980. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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81
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Current advanced therapy cell-based medicinal products for type-1-diabetes treatment. Int J Pharm 2018; 543:107-120. [PMID: 29597032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the XXI century diabetes mellitus has become one of the main threats to human health with higher incidence in regions such as Europe and North America. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) occurs as a consequence of the immune-mediated destruction of insulin producing β-cells located in the endocrine part of the pancreas, the islets of Langerhans. The administration of exogenous insulin through daily injections is the most prominent treatment for T1DM but its administration is frequently associated to failure in glucose metabolism control, finally leading to hyperglycemia episodes. Other approaches have been developed in the past decades, such as whole pancreas and islet allotransplantation, but they are restricted to patients who exhibit frequent episodes of hypoglycemia or renal failure because the lack of donors and islet survival. Moreover, patients transplanted with either whole pancreas or islets require of immune suppression to avoid the rejection of the transplant. Currently, advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP), such as implantable devices, have been developed in order to reduce immune rejection response while increasing cell survival. To overcome these issues, ATMPs must promote vascularization, guaranteeing the nutritional contribution, while providing O2 until vasculature can surround the device. Moreover, it should help in the immune-protection to avoid acute and chronic rejection. The transplanted cells or islets should be embedded within biomaterials with tunable properties like injectability, stiffness and porosity mimicking natural ECM structural characteristics. And finally, an infinitive cell source that solves the donor scarcity should be found such as insulin producing cells derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Several companies have registered their ATMPs and future studies envision new prototypes. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms and etiology of diabetes, comparing the clinical trials in the last decades in order to define the main characteristics for future ATMPs.
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Abdel-Moneim A, Bakery HH, Allam G. The potential pathogenic role of IL-17/Th17 cells in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:287-292. [PMID: 29499402 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious medical problem affecting millions of peoples worldwide, and has a great socio-economic impacts. Cytokines possess a pivotal role in modulation of immune reactions and disease pathogenesis. T-helper type 17 (Th17) cells, an important proinflammatory CD4+ T cell subset secreting interleukin 17 (IL-17), has been embroiled in development of DM. There are recent evidences supporting a definitive role of Th17 cells in the etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In addition, IL-17 has been shown to play a crucial role in inflammation, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recently, small molecules which have been specified to block Th17 cells differentiation are considered as potential therapeutics for the disease. Anti-IL-17 neutralizing antibodies and/or antibodies targeting Th17 cells have been investigated to protect individuals at risk from disease development. In this review we aimed to shed light on the potential role of IL-17 and Th17 cells in both T1D and T2D pathogenesis and future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Abdel-Moneim
- Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Heba H Bakery
- Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Gamal Allam
- Immunology Division, Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia; Immunology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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83
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RETRACTED CHAPTER: Changing Paradigm of Probiotics from Functional Foods to Biotherapeutic Agents. Microb Biotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7140-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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84
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Nagata JI, Kuroiwa C, Tamaru-Hase S, Koba K. Effects of Medium Chain Triacylglycerols on the Pathological Condition and Energy Bioavailability of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:463-470. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Nagata
- Department of Life, Environment and Materials Science, Fukuoka Institute of Technology
| | - Chihiro Kuroiwa
- Department of Life, Environment and Materials Science, Fukuoka Institute of Technology
| | - Shizuka Tamaru-Hase
- Department of Life, Environment and Materials Science, Fukuoka Institute of Technology
- University of Nagasaki
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85
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Rojas J, Bermudez V, Palmar J, Martínez MS, Olivar LC, Nava M, Tomey D, Rojas M, Salazar J, Garicano C, Velasco M. Pancreatic Beta Cell Death: Novel Potential Mechanisms in Diabetes Therapy. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:9601801. [PMID: 29670917 PMCID: PMC5836465 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9601801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Describing the diverse molecular mechanisms (particularly immunological) involved in the death of the pancreatic beta cell in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. RECENT FINDINGS Beta cell death is the final event in a series of mechanisms that, up to date, have not been entirely clarified; it represents the pathophysiological mechanism in the natural history of diabetes mellitus. These mechanisms are not limited to an apoptotic process only, which is characteristic of the immune-mediated insulitis in type 1 diabetes mellitus. They also include the action of proinflammatory cytokines, the production of reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation (typical of necroptosis in type 1 diabetic patients), excessive production of islet amyloid polypeptide with the consequent endoplasmic reticulum stress, disruption in autophagy mechanisms, and protein complex formation, such as the inflammasome, capable of increasing oxidative stress produced by mitochondrial damage. SUMMARY Necroptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis are molecular mechanisms that modulate the survival of the pancreatic beta cell, demonstrating the importance of the immune system in glucolipotoxicity processes and the potential role for immunometabolism as another component of what once known as the "ominous octet."
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn Rojas
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Valmore Bermudez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
- Grupo de Investigación Altos Estudios de Frontera (ALEF), Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta, Colombia
| | - Jim Palmar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - María Sofía Martínez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Luis Carlos Olivar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Manuel Nava
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Daniel Tomey
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Milagros Rojas
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Juan Salazar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Carlos Garicano
- Grupo de Investigación Altos Estudios de Frontera (ALEF), Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta, Colombia
| | - Manuel Velasco
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit. School of Medicine José María Vargas, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
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86
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Clark M, Kroger CJ, Tisch RM. Type 1 Diabetes: A Chronic Anti-Self-Inflammatory Response. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1898. [PMID: 29312356 PMCID: PMC5743904 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is typically induced in response to a microbial infection. The release of proinflammatory cytokines enhances the stimulatory capacity of antigen-presenting cells, as well as recruits adaptive and innate immune effectors to the site of infection. Once the microbe is cleared, inflammation is resolved by various mechanisms to avoid unnecessary tissue damage. Autoimmunity arises when aberrant immune responses target self-tissues causing inflammation. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), T cells attack the insulin producing β cells in the pancreatic islets. Genetic and environmental factors increase T1D risk by in part altering central and peripheral tolerance inducing events. This results in the development and expansion of β cell-specific effector T cells (Teff) which mediate islet inflammation. Unlike protective immunity where inflammation is terminated, autoimmunity is sustained by chronic inflammation. In this review, we will highlight the key events which initiate and sustain T cell-driven pancreatic islet inflammation in nonobese diabetic mice and in human T1D. Specifically, we will discuss: (i) dysregulation of thymic selection events, (ii) the role of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that enhance the expansion and pathogenicity of Teff, (iii) defects which impair homeostasis and suppressor activity of FoxP3-expressing regulatory T cells, and (iv) properties of β cells which contribute to islet inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Clark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Charles J Kroger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Roland M Tisch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Allam G, Nasr A, Talaat IM, Abuelsaad ASA, Bakheit AM, Nemenqani D, Alsulaimani AA. Association between cytokine genes polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes: a case-control study on Saudi population. Immunol Invest 2017; 47:229-240. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1416398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Allam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taif University , Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Section, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amre Nasr
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, KSAU-HS , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Neelain University , Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Iman M. Talaat
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz S. A. Abuelsaad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taif University , Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Section, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ali M. Bakheit
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University , Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Nemenqani
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taif University , Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan A. Alsulaimani
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taif University , Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Diabetic Center , Department of Pediatrics, Prince Mansour Military Community Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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88
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Lin C, Wang H, Sun H, Xiao C, Xue Y, Liu J, Fu T, Wang Y, Dong D, Li Z. Development and validation of an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of SR1001, an inverse agonist of retinoid-related orphan receptors, and its application to pharmacokinetic studies in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 143:94-100. [PMID: 28578255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs) play critical roles in the onset and progression of type I diabetes, an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells. SR1001, an ROR inverse agonist, has been proven to be an effective diabetes treatment in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. However, optimization of this treatment is challenging because knowledge of SR1001 pharmacokinetic (PK) behaviors in type I diabetic animals is limited. The aim of our study was to develop and validate a specific and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (UPLC-MS/MS) method to measure the concentrations of SR1001 in plasma and biological samples. Using the developed UPLC-MS/MS method, SR1001 linearity ranges in biological matrices were determined to be 5-1000ng/mL, with correlation coefficients of >0.99. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of SR1001 were 1 and 5ng/mL, respectively. And the intra-day and inter-day variances were less than 10%, and accuracy was within 90%-110%. The extraction recoveries of SR1001 were ≥80%, and no significant matrix effect was observed. Using the validated UPLC-MS/MS method, levels of SR1001 in plasma and six major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and brain) were determined in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic mice. The PK parameters of SR1001 were also calculated. The SR1001 drug concentration-time curves for organs and plasma showed similar trends, and the elimination half-lives of SR1001 in diabetic mice were about 12h. SR1001 was highly bound to plasma protein, resulting in a much higher maximum concentration (Cmax=144394ng/mL) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-t=2728258ng/mL*h), but a low tissue/plasma partition coefficient (Kp) value of <0.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuipei Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; International Ocular Surface Research Center and Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanqing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chengju Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Xue
- International Ocular Surface Research Center and Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- International Ocular Surface Research Center and Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Fu
- International Ocular Surface Research Center and Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- GuangZhou (Jinan) Biomedical Research and Development Center Co. Ltd, China
| | - Dong Dong
- International Ocular Surface Research Center and Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China; GuangZhou (Jinan) Biomedical Research and Development Center Co. Ltd, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- International Ocular Surface Research Center and Institute of Ophthalmology, Jinan University Medical School, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Section of Leukocyte Biology, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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89
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Tomita T. Apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells in Type 1 diabetes. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2017; 17:183-193. [PMID: 28368239 PMCID: PMC5581966 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2017.1961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells after an asymptomatic period over years. Insulitis activates antigen presenting cells, which trigger activating CD4+ helper-T cells, releasing chemokines/cytokines. Cytokines activate CD8+ cytotoxic-T cells, which lead to β-cell destruction. Apoptosis pathway consists of extrinsic (receptor-mediated) and intrinsic (mitochondria-driven) pathway. Extrinsic pathway includes Fas pathway to CD4+-CD8+ interaction, whereas intrinsic pathway includes mitochondria-driven pathway at a balance between anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 and Bcl-xL and pro-apoptotic Bad, Bid, and Bik proteins. Activated cleaved caspse-3 is the converging point between extrinsic and intrinsic pathway. Apoptosis takes place only when pro-apoptotic proteins exceed anti-apoptotic proteins. Since the concordance rate of T1DM in identical twins is about 50%, environmental factors are involved in the development of T1DM, opening a door to find means to detect and prevent further development of autoimmune β-cell destruction for a therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Tomita
- Departments of Integrative Bioscience and Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
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90
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Bhattacharya S, Khan MM, Ghosh C, Bank S, Maiti S. The role of Dermcidin isoform-2 in the occurrence and severity of Diabetes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8252. [PMID: 28811499 PMCID: PMC5557962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07958-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is now epidemic worldwide. Several hundred-million peoples are presently suffering from this disease with other secondary-disorders. Stress, hypertension, sedentary life-style, carbohydrate/lipid metabolic-disorders due to genetic or environmental factors attributes to type-1 and/or type-2 diabetes. Present investigation demonstrates that stress-induced protein dermcidin isoform-2 (DCN-2) which appears in the serum of diabetic-patients play a key-role in this disease pathogenesis/severity. DCN-2 suppresses insulin production-release from liver/pancreas. It also increases the insulin-resistance. Stress-induction at the onset/progression of this disease is noticed as the high-level of lipid peroxides/low-level of free-thiols in association with increase of inflammatory-markers c-reactive protein and TNF-α. DCN-2 induced decrease in the synthesis of glucose-activated nitric oxide synthase (GANOS) and lower production of NO in liver has been shown here where NO is demonstrated to lower the expression of glucose trabsporter-4 (GLUT-4) and its translocation on liver membrane surface. This finally impairs glucose transport to organs from the extracellular fluid. Low level of glucose uptake further decreases glucose-induced insulin synthesis. The central role of DCN-2 has been demonstrated in type-1/type-2 diabetic individuals, in rodent hepatocytes and pancreatic-cell, tissue-slices, in-vitro and in-vivo experimental model. It can be concluded that stress-induced decrease in insulin synthesis/function, glucose transport is an interactive consequence of oxidative threats and inflammatory events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Bhattacharya
- Sinha Institute of Medical Science and Technology, West Bengal, India.,PG Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Md Mobidullah Khan
- PG Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandradipa Ghosh
- Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Sarbashri Bank
- Sinha Institute of Medical Science and Technology, West Bengal, India.,PG Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Smarajit Maiti
- PG Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Oriental Institute of Science and Technology, Midnapore, West Bengal, India.
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High-density lipoprotein immunomodulates the functional activities of macrophage and cytokines produced during ex vivo macrophage-CD4 + T cell crosstalk at the recent-onset human type 1 diabetes. Cytokine 2017; 96:59-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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92
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Diabetic nephropathy - is this an immune disorder? Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:2183-2199. [PMID: 28760771 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic diabetes is associated with metabolic and haemodynamic stresses which can facilitate modifications to DNA, proteins and lipids, induce cellular dysfunction and damage, and stimulate inflammatory and fibrotic responses which lead to various types of renal injury. Approximately 30-40% of patients with diabetes develop nephropathy and this renal injury normally progresses in about a third of patients. Due to the growing incidence of diabetes, diabetic nephropathy is now the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Accumulating evidence from experimental and clinical studies has demonstrated that renal inflammation plays a critical role in determining whether renal injury progresses during diabetes. However, the immune response associated with diabetic nephropathy is considerably different to that seen in autoimmune kidney diseases or in acute kidney injury arising from episodes of ischaemia or infection. This review evaluates the role of the immune system in the development of diabetic nephropathy, including the specific contributions of leucocyte subsets (macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, T and B lymphocytes), danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), inflammasomes, immunoglobulin and complement. It also examines factors which may influence the development of the immune response, including genetic factors and exposure to other kidney insults. In addition, this review discusses therapies which are currently under development for targeting the immune system in diabetic nephropathy and indicates those which have proceeded into clinical trials.
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93
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Jung N, Um J, Kim DY, Dubon MJ, Byeon Y, Kim D, Son Y, Park KS. Substance P preserves pancreatic β-cells in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:958-965. [PMID: 28754588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Preservation of the pancreatic β-cell population is required for the development of therapies for diabetes, which is caused by a decrease in β-cells. Here, we demonstrate the antidiabetic effects of substance P (SP) in type 1 diabetes (T1D) mice induced with streptozotocin. SP enhanced the compensatory proliferation of β-cells in order to restore β-cells in response to acute injury induced by a single high-dose of streptozotocin. However, SP affected neither the basal proliferation of β-cells nor their apoptosis. In vitro studies by using the INS-1 pancreatic β-cell line showed that SP mediated the increase in the proliferation of β-cells via the activation of Akt. Chronic systemic treatment with SP restored the mass of β-cells and inhibited insulitis in T1D mice induced with multiple low-doses of streptozotocin. Therefore, systemic treatment with SP may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating diabetes in patients with loss of functional β-cells.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/prevention & control
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Pancreatitis/chemically induced
- Pancreatitis/pathology
- Pancreatitis/prevention & control
- Streptozocin/administration & dosage
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Substance P/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunggum Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong in, 17104, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Um
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong in, 17104, South Korea
| | - Do Yeon Kim
- St. Peter's Hospital and R&D Center, Cell & Bio Inc., Seoul 06286, South Korea
| | - Maria Jose Dubon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong in, 17104, South Korea
| | - Yeji Byeon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong in, 17104, South Korea
| | - Dongjin Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong in, 17104, South Korea
| | - Youngsook Son
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong in, 17104, South Korea.
| | - Ki-Sook Park
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea; College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea.
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94
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Chakrabarti S, Sen S, Lui E. Effect of ginseng therapy on diabetes and its chronic complications: lessons learned. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 14:/j/jcim.2017.14.issue-4/jcim-2016-0166/jcim-2016-0166.xml. [PMID: 29345436 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2016-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng played a significant role in the management of diabetes in China and in other Asian countries for a long period of time. It has a large number of pharmacological properties and is relatively free from adverse effects. As a part of Ontario Ginseng Research and Innovation Consortium, we investigated the effects of ginseng extract on diabetes and its complications. We demonstrated large number of beneficial effects of ginseng therapy and showed that these effects are possibly mediated through its antioxidant properties. Thus ginseng may lend itself as a relatively safe and inexpensive adjuvant treatment for diabetes and chronic diabetic complications.
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95
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Chan KH, Krishnan R, Alexander M, Lakey JRT. Developing a Rapid Algorithm to Enable Rapid Characterization of Alginate Microcapsules. Cell Transplant 2017; 26:765-772. [PMID: 27729095 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x693446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The islets of Langerhans are endocrine tissue clusters that secrete hormones that regulate the body's glucose, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism, the most important of which is insulin, a hormone secreted by β-cells within the islets. In certain instances, a person's own immune system attacks and destroys them, leading to the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D), a life-long condition that needs daily insulin administration to maintain health and prolong survival. Islet transplantation is a surgical procedure that has demonstrated the ability to normalize blood sugar levels for up to a few years, but the need for chronic immunosuppression relegates it to a last resort that is often only used sparingly and in seriously ill patients. Islet microencapsulation is a biomedical innovation designed to protect islets from the immune system by coating them with a biocompatible polymer, and this new technology has demonstrated various degrees of success in small- and large-animal studies. This success is significantly impacted by microcapsule morphology and encapsulation efficiency. Since hundreds of thousands of microcapsules are generated during the process, characterization of encapsulated islets without the help of some degree of automation would be difficult, time-consuming, and error prone due to inherent observer bias. We have developed an image analysis algorithm that can analyze hundreds of microencapsulated islets and characterize their size, shape, circularity, and distortion with minimal observer bias. This algorithm can be easily adapted to similar nano- or microencapsulation technologies to implement stricter quality control and improve biomaterial device design and success.
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96
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Lee D, Kim KH, Lee J, Hwang GS, Lee HL, Hahm DH, Huh CK, Lee SC, Lee S, Kang KS. Protective effect of cirsimaritin against streptozotocin-induced apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:875-883. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Maintaining glucose homoeostasis is essential for the survival of cells. Despite the various health benefits of Korean thistle (Cirsium japonicum var. maackii), their effects on pancreatic β-cell apoptosis in type 1 diabetes mellitus and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, and experimentally investigated in this study.
Methods
The effects of C. japonicum var. maackii and its active component cirsimaritin against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced cytotoxicity were assessed in INS-1 cells. By Western blotting analysis, protein expressions related to apoptosis were evaluated. The involvement of apoptosis was also confirmed with image-based cytometric assay and caspase activity tests.
Key findings
Cirsium japonicum var. maackii extract and cirsimaritin in non-toxic concentrations improved cell viability to near normal levels and protected INS-1 cells against STZ-induced damage. In addition, cirsimaritin reduced the intracellular oxidative stress induced by STZ. Cirsimaritin effectively suppressed apoptosis in pancreatic β cells by decreasing the activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3, BID and the DNA repair protein poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and increasing anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein expression.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential and action mechanism of cirsimaritin for the prevention and treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Gwi Seo Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hye Lim Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Hahm
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Ki Huh
- Imsil Research Institute of Cheese Science, Imsil, Korea
| | - Sang Cheon Lee
- Imsil Research Institute of Cheese Science, Imsil, Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
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97
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Mbongue JC, Nieves HA, Torrez TW, Langridge WHR. The Role of Dendritic Cell Maturation in the Induction of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Front Immunol 2017; 8:327. [PMID: 28396662 PMCID: PMC5366789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the dominant class of antigen-presenting cells in humans and are largely responsible for the initiation and guidance of innate and adaptive immune responses involved in maintenance of immunological homeostasis. Immature dendritic cells (iDCs) phagocytize pathogens and toxic proteins and in endosomal vesicles degrade them into small fragments for presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II receptor molecules to naïve cognate T cells (Th0). In addition to their role in stimulation of immunity, DCs are involved in the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance toward self-antigens. During activation, the iDCs become mature. Maturation begins when the DCs cease taking up antigens and begin to migrate from their location in peripheral tissues to adjacent lymph nodes or the spleen where during their continued maturation the DCs present stored antigens on surface MHCII receptor molecules to naive Th0 cells. During antigen presentation, the DCs upregulate the biosynthesis of costimulatory receptor molecules CD86, CD80, CD83, and CD40 on their plasma membrane. These activated DC receptor molecules bind cognate CD28 receptors presented on the Th0 cell membrane, which triggers DC secretion of IL-12 or IL-10 cytokines resulting in T cell differentiation into pro- or anti-inflammatory T cell subsets. Although basic concepts involved in the process of iDC activation and guidance of Th0 cell differentiation have been previously documented, they are poorly defined. In this review, we detail what is known about the process of DC maturation and its role in the induction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques C Mbongue
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University , Loma Linda, CA , USA
| | - Hector A Nieves
- Ponce Health Sciences University School of Medicine , Ponce , Puerto Rico
| | - Timothy W Torrez
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University , Loma Linda, CA , USA
| | - William H R Langridge
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University , Loma Linda, CA , USA
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98
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Zhang J, Chen Z, Zhou Z, Yang P, Wang CY. Sumoylation Modulates the Susceptibility to Type 1 Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 963:299-322. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-50044-7_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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99
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Hou WH, Li CY, Chang HH, Sun Y, Tsai CC. A population-based cohort study suggests an increased risk of multiple sclerosis incidence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Epidemiol 2017; 27:235-241. [PMID: 28142047 PMCID: PMC5394222 DOI: 10.1016/j.je.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To prospectively investigate the incidence and relative risks of multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Materials and methods Patients with T2DM (n = 614,623) and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 614,021) were followed from 2000 to 2008 to identify cases of newly diagnosed MS (ICD-9-CM: 340). The person-year approach with Poisson assumption was used to evaluate the incidence density. We estimated the covariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of MS incidence in relation to T2DM diabetes using a multiple Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results Over 9 years of follow-up, 175 T2DM patients were newly diagnosed with MS, and 114 matched controls had the same first-ever diagnosis, representing a covariate-adjusted HR of 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.94). The sex-specific adjusted HR for both men and women with T2DM was also elevated at 1.34 (95% CI, 0.81–2.23) and 1.51 (95% CI, 1.05–2.19), respectively. Women aged ≤50 years had the greatest risk of MS (HR 2.16; 95% CI, 1.02–4.59). Conclusion This study demonstrated a moderate but significant association of T2DM with MS incidence, and the association was not confounded by socio-demographic characteristics or certain MS-related co-morbidities. Risk ratio of incident multiple sclerosis (MS) in T2DM patients was 1.44. Risk ratio of incident MS was highest in women aged <50 years. The PAR% for T2DM in the MS incidence was estimated at 2.55%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsuan Hou
- Master Program in Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Li
- Department and Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Chang
- Department and Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Neurology, En Chu Kong Hospital, Sanxia District, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Chin Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Tainan Sin-Lau Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Health Care Administration, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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100
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Tatum JA, Meneveau MO, Brayman KL. Single-donor islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes: patient selection and special considerations. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2017; 10:73-78. [PMID: 28280376 PMCID: PMC5338842 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s105692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder of the endocrine pancreas that currently affects millions of people in the United States. Although the disease can be managed with exogenous insulin administration, the ultimate cure for the condition lies in restoring a patient's ability to produce their own insulin. Islet cell allotransplantation provides a means of endogenous insulin production. Though far from perfected, islet transplants are now a proven treatment for type 1 diabetics. However, proper patient selection is critical for achieving optimal outcomes. Given the shortage of transplantable organs, selecting appropriate candidates for whom the procedure will be of greatest benefit is essential. Although many of those who receive islets do not retain insulin independence, grafts do play a significant role in preventing hypoglycemic episodes that can be quite detrimental to quality of life and potentially fatal. Additionally, islet transplant requires lifelong immunosuppression. Antibodies, both preformed and following islet infusion, may play important roles in graft outcomes. Finally, no procedure is without inherent risk and islet transfusions can have serious consequences for recipients' livers in the form of both vascular and metabolic complications. Therefore, patient-specific factors that should be taken into account before islet transplantation include aims of therapy, sensitization, and potential increased risk for hepatic and portal-venous sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Tatum
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, The University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Max O Meneveau
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, The University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kenneth L Brayman
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, The University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Correspondence: Kenneth L Brayman, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA, Tel +1 434 924 9370, Fax +1 434 924 5539, Email
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