51
|
Esrp1 is a marker of mouse fetal germ cells and differentially expressed during spermatogenesis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190925. [PMID: 29324788 PMCID: PMC5764326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ESRP1 regulates alternative splicing, producing multiple transcripts from its target genes in epithelial tissues. It is upregulated during mesenchymal to epithelial transition associated with reprogramming of fibroblasts to iPS cells and has been linked to pluripotency. Mouse fetal germ cells are the founders of the adult gonadal lineages and we found that Esrp1 mRNA was expressed in both male and female germ cells but not in gonadal somatic cells at various stages of gonadal development (E12.5-E15.5). In the postnatal testis, Esrp1 mRNA was highly expressed in isolated cell preparations enriched for spermatogonia but expressed at lower levels in those enriched for pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids. Co-labelling experiments with PLZF and c-KIT showed that ESRP1 was localized to nuclei of both Type A and B spermatogonia in a speckled pattern, but was not detected in SOX9+ somatic Sertoli cells. No co-localization with the nuclear speckle marker, SC35, which has been associated with post-transcriptional splicing, was observed, suggesting that ESRP1 may be associated with co-transcriptional splicing or have other functions. RNA interference mediated knockdown of Esrp1 expression in the seminoma-derived Tcam-2 cell line demonstrated that ESRP1 regulates alternative splicing of mRNAs in a non-epithelial cell germ cell tumour cell line.
Collapse
|
52
|
ALKBH5-dependent m6A demethylation controls splicing and stability of long 3'-UTR mRNAs in male germ cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 115:E325-E333. [PMID: 29279410 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1717794115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) represents one of the most common RNA modifications in eukaryotes. Specific m6A writer, eraser, and reader proteins have been identified. As an m6A eraser, ALKBH5 specifically removes m6A from target mRNAs and inactivation of Alkbh5 leads to male infertility in mice. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, we report that ALKBH5-mediated m6A erasure in the nuclei of spermatocytes and round spermatids is essential for correct splicing and the production of longer 3'-UTR mRNAs, and failure to do so leads to aberrant splicing and production of shorter transcripts with elevated levels of m6A that are rapidly degraded. Our study identified reversible m6A modification as a critical mechanism of posttranscriptional control of mRNA fate in late meiotic and haploid spermatogenic cells.
Collapse
|
53
|
Aydos OSE, Hekmatshoar Y, Altınok B, Özkan T, Şakirağaoğlu O, Karadağ A, Kaplan F, Ilgaz S, Taşpınar M, Yükselen I, Sunguroğlu A, Aydos K. Genetic Polymorphisms in PRM1, PRM2, and YBX2 Genes are Associated with Male Factor Infertility. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2017; 22:55-61. [PMID: 29227750 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2017.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The etiology of infertility is still unknown in almost half of all male infertility patients. In sperm, DNA condensation differs from somatic and female gamete cells, with the protamine (PRM) gene and its transcription factor, Y-box binding protein 2 (YBX2), playing key roles in making the structure more compact. Protamine polymorphisms have been studied in different populations, but various results have been acquired. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our study, we examined, for the first time in a Turkish population, the association between protamine gene alleles (PRM1 c.-190C>A, PRM1 c.197G>T, and PRM2 c.248C>T), and YBX2 (c.187T>C and c.1095 + 16A>G) and male infertility. This was accomplished using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of 100 infertile and 100 fertile Turkish men. Sperm DNA fragmentation analysis was performed using the Comet technique. RESULTS We found that the AA and CA genotypes of the PRM1 c.-190C>A polymorphism had a significant association with infertility (p < 0.001) and the AA genotype was also highly significantly associated with high sperm DNA damage (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the PRM1 c.-190C>A polymorphism is associated with sperm DNA fragmentation, which may impact male infertility in the Turkish population. Further research with larger groups and in various other study populations will be required to clarify the impact of protamine and YBX2 gene polymorphisms on male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oya Sena E Aydos
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yalda Hekmatshoar
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Buket Altınok
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey .,2 Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tülin Özkan
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onur Şakirağaoğlu
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aynur Karadağ
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey .,3 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Uşak University , Uşak, Turkey
| | - Fuat Kaplan
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey .,4 Health Science Institute, Biochemistry, Hacettepe University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seda Ilgaz
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey .,5 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Çukurova University , Adana, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Taşpınar
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey .,6 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Yüzüncü Yıl University , Van, Turkey
| | - Işıl Yükselen
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asuman Sunguroğlu
- 1 Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Aydos
- 7 Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Madhubabu G, Yenugu S. Exposure to allethrin-based mosquito coil smoke during gestation and postnatal development affects reproductive function in male offspring of rat. Inhal Toxicol 2017; 29:374-385. [DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2017.1385661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Golla Madhubabu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suresh Yenugu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Jeong MG, Song H, Shin JH, Jeong H, Kim HK, Hwang ES. Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif is required to sustain testicular function on aging. Aging Cell 2017; 16:1035-1042. [PMID: 28613007 PMCID: PMC5595677 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ‐binding motif (TAZ) directly interacts with transcription factors and regulates their transcriptional activity. Extensive functional studies have shown that TAZ plays critical regulatory roles in stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival and also modulates the development of organs such as the lung, kidney, heart, and bone. Despite the importance of TAZ in stem cell maintenance, TAZ function has not yet been evaluated in spermatogenic stem cells of the male reproductive system. Here, we investigated the expression and functions of TAZ in mouse testis. TAZ was expressed in spermatogenic stem cells; however, its deficiency caused significant structural abnormalities, including atrophied tubules, widened interstitial space, and abnormal Leydig cell expansion, thereby resulting in lowered sperm counts and impaired fertility. Furthermore, TAZ deficiency increased the level of apoptosis and senescence in spermatogenic cells and Leydig cells upon aging. The expression of senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐βgal), secretory phenotypes, and cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors (p16, p19, and p21) significantly increased in the absence of TAZ. TAZ downregulation in testicular cells further increased SA‐βgal and p21 expression induced by oxidative stress, whereas TAZ overexpression decreased p21 induction and prevented senescence. Mechanistic studies showed that TAZ suppressed DNA‐binding activity of p53 through a direct interaction and thus attenuated p53‐induced p21 gene transcription. Our results suggested that TAZ may suppress apoptosis and premature senescence in spermatogenic cells by inhibiting the p53‐p21 signaling pathway, thus playing important roles in the maintenance and control of reproductive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Gyeong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Hyuna Song
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Hana Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Hyo Kyeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Eun Sook Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ewha Womans University; Seoul 03760 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Liu Q, Lei Z, Dai M, Wang X, Yuan Z. Toxic metabolites, Sertoli cells and Y chromosome related genes are potentially linked to the reproductive toxicity induced by mequindox. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87512-87528. [PMID: 29152098 PMCID: PMC5675650 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mequindox (MEQ) is a relatively new synthetic antibacterial agent widely applied in China since the 1980s. However, its reproductive toxicity has not been adequately performed. In the present study, four groups of male Kunming mice (10 mice/group) were fed diets containing MEQ (0, 25, 55 and 110 mg/kg in the diet) for up to 18 months. The results show that M4 could pass through the blood-testis barrier (BTB), and demonstrate that Sertoli cells (SCs) are the main toxic target for MEQ to induce spermatogenesis deficiency. Furthermore, adrenal toxicity, adverse effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis (HPTA) and Leydig cells, as well as the expression of genes related to steroid biosynthesis and cholesterol transport, were responsible for the alterations in sex hormones in the serum of male mice after exposure to MEQ. Additionally, the changed levels of Y chromosome microdeletion related genes, such as DDX3Y, HSF2, Sly and Ssty2 in the testis might be a mechanism for the inhibition of spermatogenesis induced by MEQ. The present study illustrates for the first time the toxic metabolites of MEQ in testis of mice, and suggests that SCs, sex hormones and Y chromosome microdeletion genes are involved in reproductive toxicity mediated by MEQ in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhixin Lei
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Menghong Dai
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Cabout S, Leask MP, Varghese S, Yi J, Peters B, Conze LL, Köhler C, Brownfield L. The meiotic regulator JASON utilizes alternative translation initiation sites to produce differentially localized forms. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:4205-4217. [PMID: 28922756 PMCID: PMC5853252 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The JASON (JAS) protein plays an important role in maintaining an organelle band across the equator of male meiotic cells during the second division, with its loss leading to unreduced pollen in Arabidopsis. In roots cells, JAS localizes to the Golgi, tonoplast and plasma membrane. Here we explore the mechanism underlying the localization of JAS. Overall, our data show that leaky ribosom scanning and alternative translation initiation sites (TISs) likely leads to the formation of two forms of JAS: a long version with an N-terminal Golgi localization signal and a short version with a different N-terminal signal targeting the protein to the plasma membrane. The ratio of the long and short forms of JAS is developmentally regulated, with both being produced in roots but the short form being predominant and functional during meiosis. This regulation of TISs in meiocytes ensures that the short version of JAS is formed during meiosis to ensure separation of chromosome groups and the production of reduced pollen. We hypothesize that increased occurrence of unreduced pollen under stress conditions may be a consequence of altered usage of JAS TISs during stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Cabout
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Megan P Leask
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Shiny Varghese
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Peters
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lei Liu Conze
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claudia Köhler
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
58
|
Madhubabu G, Yenugu S. Allethrin toxicity causes reproductive dysfunction in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1701-1710. [PMID: 28181402 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are widely used for domestic and agricultural purposes and their use is increasing, especially in developing countries. Uncontrolled use of these insecticides resulted in their entry into the food chain thereby causing toxicity to different organ systems. Allethrin is one of the widely used pyrethroids, but its toxicological effects are underreported when compared to other pyrethroids. Further, its effects on the male reproductive tract remain uncharacterized. In this study, its toxicity on the male reproductive tract was evaluated by administering 25-150 mg/kg body weight allethrin to adult rats for 60 days. The mRNA expression of factors that are important in spermatogenesis (Scf, c-Kit, Hsf2, Ovol1, Brdt, Kdm3A, Ybx-2, and Grth) and steroidogenesis (StAR, 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD) was significantly downregulated. Decreased levels of testosterone, reduced sperm count and daily sperm production was also observed due to allethrin toxicity. However, sperm quality parameters assessed by computer-assisted sperm analyzer were not affected. Spermatozoa obtained from allethrin-treated rats failed to undergo acrosome reaction. Results of this study indicate that allethrin affects spermatogenesis and sperm function, thus lending further support to the growing evidence of its toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golla Madhubabu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Suresh Yenugu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Akpınar M, Lesche M, Fanourgakis G, Fu J, Anasstasiadis K, Dahl A, Jessberger R. TDRD6 mediates early steps of spliceosome maturation in primary spermatocytes. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006660. [PMID: 28263986 PMCID: PMC5358835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tudor containing protein 6 (TDRD6) is a male germ line-specific protein essential for chromatoid body (ChB) structure, elongated spermatid development and male fertility. Here we show that in meiotic prophase I spermatocytes TDRD6 interacts with the key protein arginine methyl transferase PRMT5, which supports splicing. TDRD6 also associates with spliceosomal core protein SmB in the absence of RNA and in an arginine methylation dependent manner. In Tdrd6-/- diplotene spermatocytes PRMT5 association with SmB and arginine dimethylation of SmB are much reduced. TDRD6 deficiency impairs the assembly of spliceosomes, which feature 3.5-fold increased levels of U5 snRNPs. In the nucleus, these deficiencies in spliceosome maturation correlate with decreased numbers of SMN-positive bodies and Cajal bodies involved in nuclear snRNP maturation. Transcriptome analysis of TDRD6-deficient diplotene spermatocytes revealed high numbers of splicing defects such as aberrant usage of intron and exons as well as aberrant representation of splice junctions. Together, this study demonstrates a novel function of TDRD6 in spliceosome maturation and mRNA splicing in prophase I spermatocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Müge Akpınar
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mathias Lesche
- Deep Sequencing Group SFB 655, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Grigorios Fanourgakis
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jun Fu
- Stem Cell Engineering, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Dahl
- Deep Sequencing Group SFB 655, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rolf Jessberger
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Redgrove KA, Bernstein IR, Pye VJ, Mihalas BP, Sutherland JM, Nixon B, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Holt JE, McLaughlin EA. Dynamin 2 is essential for mammalian spermatogenesis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35084. [PMID: 27725702 PMCID: PMC5057128 DOI: 10.1038/srep35084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamin family of proteins play important regulatory roles in membrane remodelling and endocytosis, especially within brain and neuronal tissues. In the context of reproduction, dynamin 1 (DNM1) and dynamin 2 (DNM2) have recently been shown to act as key mediators of sperm acrosome formation and function. However, little is known about the roles that these proteins play in the developing testicular germ cells. In this study, we employed a DNM2 germ cell-specific knockout model to investigate the role of DNM2 in spermatogenesis. We demonstrate that ablation of DNM2 in early spermatogenesis results in germ cell arrest during prophase I of meiosis, subsequent loss of all post-meiotic germ cells and concomitant sterility. These effects become exacerbated with age, and ultimately result in the demise of the spermatogonial stem cells and a Sertoli cell only phenotype. We also demonstrate that DNM2 activity may be temporally regulated by phosphorylation of DNM2 via the kinase CDK1 in spermatogonia, and dephosphorylation by phosphatase PPP3CA during meiotic and post-meiotic spermatogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate A Redgrove
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ilana R Bernstein
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Victoria J Pye
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Bettina P Mihalas
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Jessie M Sutherland
- School of Biomedical Sciences &Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Adam McCluskey
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Phillip J Robinson
- Cell Signalling Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Janet E Holt
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,PRC in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Cao J, Chen Y, Chen J, Yan H, Li M, Wang J. Fluoride exposure changed the structure and the expressions of Y chromosome related genes in testes of mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 161:292-299. [PMID: 27441988 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It is known that during spermatogenesis, pluripotent germ cells differentiate to become efficient delivery vehicles to the oocyte of paternal DNA, and the process is easily damaged by external poison. In this study, the effects of fluoride on the body weight, fluoride content in femur, testosterone levels in serum and testis, sperm quality, and the expressions of Y chromosome microdeletion genes and protein levels were examined in testes of Kunming male mice treated with different concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 100 mg/L of NaF in drinking water for 11 weeks, respectively. The results showed that compared with the control group, fluoride contents in three treatment groups were significantly increased and the structure of testes was seriously injured. The testosterone contents and the sperm count were decreased. Sperm malformation ratio was distinctly elevated. The expressions of Sly and HSF2 mRNA were markedly reduced in 100 mg/L NaF group and Ssty2 mRNA expression was dramatically decreased in 50 and 100 mg/L NaF groups. Meanwhile, the protein levels of Ssty2 and Sly were significantly reduced in 50 and 100 mg/L NaF groups and HSF2 protein levels were significantly decreased in 100 mg/L NaF group. These studies indicated that fluoride had toxic effects on male reproductive system by reducing the testosterone and sperm count, and increasing the sperm malformation ratio, supported by the damage of testicular structure, as a consequence of depressed HSF2 level, which resulted in the down-regulation of Ssty2 and Sly mRNA and protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjie Chen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanghang Yan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiyan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Dor L, Shirak A, Rosenfeld H, Ashkenazi IM, Band MR, Korol A, Ronin Y, Seroussi E, Weller JI, Ron M. Identification of the sex-determining region in flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus). Anim Genet 2016; 47:698-707. [PMID: 27611243 DOI: 10.1111/age.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of the sex-determination mechanism in flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) is required to exploit its economic potential by production of genetically determined monosex populations and application of hormonal treatment to parents rather than to the marketed progeny. Our objective was to construct a first-generation linkage map of the M. cephalus in order to identify the sex-determining region and sex-determination system. Deep-sequencing data of a single male was assembled and aligned to the genome of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A total 245 M. cephalus microsatellite markers were designed, spanning the syntenic tilapia genome assembly at intervals of 10 Mb. In the mapping family of full-sib progeny, 156 segregating markers were used to construct a first-generation linkage map of 24 linkage groups (LGs), corresponding to the number of chromosomes. The linkage map spanned approximately 1200 cM with an average inter-marker distance of 10.6 cM. Markers segregating on LG9 in two independent mapping families showed nearly complete concordance with gender (R2 = 0.95). The sex determining locus was fine mapped within an interval of 8.6 cM on LG9. The sex of offspring was determined only by the alleles transmitted from the father, thus indicating an XY sex-determination system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Dor
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel.,Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - A Shirak
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - H Rosenfeld
- National Center for Mariculture, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Eilat, 88112, Israel
| | - I M Ashkenazi
- National Center for Mariculture, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Eilat, 88112, Israel
| | - M R Band
- The Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - A Korol
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Evolution, University Haifa, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - Y Ronin
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Evolution, University Haifa, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - E Seroussi
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - J I Weller
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - M Ron
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Noveski P, Popovska-Jankovic K, Kubelka-Sabit K, Filipovski V, Lazarevski S, Plaseski T, Plaseska-Karanfilska D. MicroRNA expression profiles in testicular biopsies of patients with impaired spermatogenesis. Andrology 2016; 4:1020-1027. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Noveski
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ‘Georgi D. Efremov’; Macedonian Academy of Science and Arts; Skopje Republic of Macedonia
| | - K. Popovska-Jankovic
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ‘Georgi D. Efremov’; Macedonian Academy of Science and Arts; Skopje Republic of Macedonia
| | - K. Kubelka-Sabit
- Clinical Hospital ‘Acibadem Sistina’; Skopje Republic of Macedonia
| | - V. Filipovski
- Clinical Hospital ‘Acibadem Sistina’; Skopje Republic of Macedonia
| | - S. Lazarevski
- Clinical Hospital ‘Acibadem Sistina’; Skopje Republic of Macedonia
| | - T. Plaseski
- Faculty of Medicine; Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders; Skopje Republic of Macedonia
| | - D. Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ‘Georgi D. Efremov’; Macedonian Academy of Science and Arts; Skopje Republic of Macedonia
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
LncRNA, a new component of expanding RNA-protein regulatory network important for animal sperm development. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 59:110-117. [PMID: 27345292 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is one of the fundamental processes of sexual reproduction, present in almost all metazoan animals. Like many other reproductive traits, developmental features and traits of spermatogenesis are under strong selective pressure to change, both at morphological and underlying molecular levels. Yet evidence suggests that some fundamental features of spermatogenesis may be ancient and conserved among metazoan species. Identifying the underlying conserved molecular mechanisms could reveal core components of metazoan spermatogenic machinery and provide novel insight into causes of human infertility. Conserved RNA-binding proteins and their interacting RNA network emerge to be a common theme important for animal sperm development. We review research on the recent addition to the RNA family - Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and its roles in spermatogenesis in the context of the expanding RNA-protein network.
Collapse
|
65
|
Cui X, Sun Y, Wang X, Yang C, Ju Z, Jiang Q, Zhang Y, Huang J, Zhong J, Yin M, Wang C. A g.-1256 A>C in the promoter region of CAPN1 is associated with semen quality traits in Chinese Holstein bulls. Reproduction 2016; 152:101-9. [PMID: 27107033 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The micromolar calcium-activated neutral protease gene (CAPN1) is a physiological candidate gene for sperm motility. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating the expression of the CAPN1 gene in bulls remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of CAPN1 in testis, epididymis, and sperm at the RNA and protein levels by qRT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence assay. Results revealed that the expression of CAPN1 levels was higher in the sperm head compared with that in other tissues. Moreover, we identified a novel single-nucleotide polymorphism (g.-1256 A>C, ss 1917715340) in the noncanonical core promoter of the CAPN1 gene between base g.-1306 and g.-1012. Additionally, we observed greater sperm motility in bulls with the genotype CC than in those with the genotype AA (P<0.01), indicating that different genotypes were associated with the bovine semen trait. Furthermore, a higher fluorescence intensity of the C allele than that of the A allele at g. -1256 A>C was revealed by transient transfection in MLTC-1 cells and luciferase report assay. Finally, CAPN1 was highly expressed in the spermatozoa with the CC genotype compared with that with the AA genotype by qRT-PCR. This study is the first report on genetic variant g.-1256 A>C in the promoter region of CAPN1 gene association with the semen quality of Chinese Holstein bulls by influencing its expression. g.-1256 A>C can be a functional molecular marker in cattle breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Cui
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China College of Life ScienceShandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Yang
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Ju
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinming Huang
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jifeng Zhong
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yin
- College of Life ScienceShandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Changfa Wang
- Dairy Cattle Research CenterShandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Samuel R, Badamjav O, Murphy KE, Patel DP, Son J, Gale BK, Carrell DT, Hotaling JM. Microfluidics: The future of microdissection TESE? Syst Biol Reprod Med 2016; 62:161-70. [PMID: 27104311 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2016.1159748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a severe form of infertility accounting for 10% of infertile men. Microdissection testicular sperm extraction (microTESE) includes a set of clinical protocols from which viable sperm are collected from patients (suffering from NOA), for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Clinical protocols associated with the processing of a microTESE sample are inefficient and significantly reduce the success of obtaining a viable sperm population. In this review we highlight the sources of these inefficiencies and how these sources can possibly be removed by microfluidic technology and single-cell Raman spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raheel Samuel
- a Andrology and IVF Laboratories, University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.,b Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| | - Odgerel Badamjav
- a Andrology and IVF Laboratories, University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| | - Kristin E Murphy
- c Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| | - Darshan P Patel
- d Division of Urology, Department of Surgery , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| | - Jiyoung Son
- e Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| | - Bruce K Gale
- b Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| | - Douglas T Carrell
- a Andrology and IVF Laboratories, University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.,d Division of Urology, Department of Surgery , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| | - James M Hotaling
- a Andrology and IVF Laboratories, University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA.,d Division of Urology, Department of Surgery , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah , USA
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Sutherland JM, Siddall NA, Hime GR, McLaughlin EA. RNA binding proteins in spermatogenesis: an in depth focus on the Musashi family. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:529-36. [PMID: 25851660 PMCID: PMC4492041 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.151397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlled gene regulation during gamete development is vital for maintaining reproductive potential. During the complex process of mammalian spermatogenesis, male germ cells experience extended periods of the inactive transcription despite heavy translational requirements for continued growth and differentiation. Hence, spermatogenesis is highly reliant on mechanisms of posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, facilitated by RNA binding proteins (RBPs), which remain abundantly expressed throughout this process. One such group of proteins is the Musashi family, previously identified as critical regulators of testis germ cell development and meiosis in Drosophila, and also shown to be vital to sperm development and reproductive potential in the mouse. This review describes the role and function of RBPs within the scope of male germ cell development, focusing on our recent knowledge of the Musashi proteins in spermatogenesis. The functional mechanisms utilized by RBPs within the cell are outlined in depth, and the significance of sub-cellular localization and stage-specific expression in relation to the mode and impact of posttranscriptional regulation is also highlighted. We emphasize the historical role of the Musashi family of RBPs in stem cell function and cell fate determination, as originally characterized in Drosophila and Xenopus, and conclude with our current understanding of the differential roles and functions of the mammalian Musashi proteins, Musashi-1 and Musashi-2, with a primary focus on our findings in spermatogenesis. This review highlights both the essential contribution of RBPs to posttranscriptional regulation and the importance of the Musashi family as master regulators of male gamete development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Zhou Y, Zhong H, Xiao J, Yan J, Luo Y, Gan X, Yu F. Identification and comparative analysis of piRNAs in ovary and testis of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Genes Genomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-016-0400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
69
|
Fu G, Wei Y, Wang X, Yu L. Phosphorylated testis-specific serine/threonine kinase 4 may phosphorylate Crem at Ser-117. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:1088-94. [PMID: 26940607 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1146067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the internal existence status of testis-specific serine/threonine kinase 4 (Tssk4) and the interaction of Tssk4 and Cre-responsive element modulator (Crem). The internal existence status of Tssk4 in testis of mice was detected using western blotting and dephosphorylation method. The interaction of Tssk4 and Crem was analyzed by western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, in vitro co-immunoprecipitation assays, and in vitro kinase assay. The results revealed that Tssk4 existed in testis both in phosphorylation and unphosphorylation status by a temporal manner with the development of testis. Immunofluorescence results showed that Tssk4 had identical distribution pattern with Crem in testis, which was utterly different to the localization of Cre-responsive element binding (Creb). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that phosphorylated Tssk4 might participate in testis genes expressions by phosphorylating Crem at Ser-117.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guolong Fu
- a State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Genetics , Fudan University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Youheng Wei
- a State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Genetics , Fudan University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- b Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , P.R. China
| | - Long Yu
- a State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Genetics , Fudan University , Shanghai , P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Abby E, Tourpin S, Ribeiro J, Daniel K, Messiaen S, Moison D, Guerquin J, Gaillard JC, Armengaud J, Langa F, Toth A, Martini E, Livera G. Implementation of meiosis prophase I programme requires a conserved retinoid-independent stabilizer of meiotic transcripts. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10324. [PMID: 26742488 PMCID: PMC4729902 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual reproduction is crucially dependent on meiosis, a conserved, specialized cell division programme that is essential for the production of haploid gametes. Here we demonstrate that fertility and the implementation of the meiotic programme require a previously uncharacterized meiosis-specific protein, MEIOC. Meioc invalidation in mice induces early and pleiotropic meiotic defects in males and females. MEIOC prevents meiotic transcript degradation and interacts with an RNA helicase that binds numerous meiotic mRNAs. Our results indicate that proper engagement into meiosis necessitates the specific stabilization of meiotic transcripts, a previously little-appreciated feature in mammals. Remarkably, the upregulation of MEIOC at the onset of meiosis does not require retinoic acid and STRA8 signalling. Thus, we propose that the complete induction of the meiotic programme requires both retinoic acid-dependent and -independent mechanisms. The latter process involving post-transcriptional regulation likely represents an ancestral mechanism, given that MEIOC homologues are conserved throughout multicellular animals. Meiosis is a cell division program that produces haploid gametes and is initiated by a retinoic acid-dependent process. Here the authors report that a meiosis-specific protein, MEIOC, is upregulated in a retinoic acid-independent manner and is required to stabilise meiosis-specific transcripts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Abby
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Unit of Stem Cells and Radiation, UMR-967, BP 6, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,INSERM, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France.,Université Paris-Sud, UMR-967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| | - Sophie Tourpin
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Unit of Stem Cells and Radiation, UMR-967, BP 6, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,INSERM, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France.,Université Paris-Sud, UMR-967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| | - Jonathan Ribeiro
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Unit of Stem Cells and Radiation, UMR-967, BP 6, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,INSERM, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France.,Université Paris-Sud, UMR-967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| | - Katrin Daniel
- Molecular Cell Biology Group/Experimental Center, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical School, MTZ, Dresden University of Technology, Fiedlerstrasse 42, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Sébastien Messiaen
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Unit of Stem Cells and Radiation, UMR-967, BP 6, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,INSERM, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France.,Université Paris-Sud, UMR-967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| | - Delphine Moison
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Unit of Stem Cells and Radiation, UMR-967, BP 6, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,INSERM, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France.,Université Paris-Sud, UMR-967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| | - Justine Guerquin
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Unit of Stem Cells and Radiation, UMR-967, BP 6, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,INSERM, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France.,Université Paris-Sud, UMR-967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| | - Jean-Charles Gaillard
- CEA, DSV/IBITEC-S/SPI/Li2D, Laboratory 'Innovative Technologies for Detection and Diagnostic', CEA-Marcoule, BP 17171, Bagnols-sur-Cèze F-30200, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- CEA, DSV/IBITEC-S/SPI/Li2D, Laboratory 'Innovative Technologies for Detection and Diagnostic', CEA-Marcoule, BP 17171, Bagnols-sur-Cèze F-30200, France
| | - Francina Langa
- Centre d'Ingénierie Génétique Murine, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France
| | - Attila Toth
- Molecular Cell Biology Group/Experimental Center, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical School, MTZ, Dresden University of Technology, Fiedlerstrasse 42, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Emmanuelle Martini
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Unit of Stem Cells and Radiation, UMR-967, BP 6, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,INSERM, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France.,Université Paris-Sud, UMR-967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| | - Gabriel Livera
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Unit of Stem Cells and Radiation, UMR-967, BP 6, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,CEA, DSV, iRCM, SCSR, LDG, Fontenay-aux-Roses 92265, France.,INSERM, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France.,Université Paris-Sud, UMR-967, Fontenay-aux-Roses F-92265, France
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Telomere homeostasis in mammalian germ cells: a review. Chromosoma 2015; 125:337-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00412-015-0555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
72
|
Kistler WS, Baas D, Lemeille S, Paschaki M, Seguin-Estevez Q, Barras E, Ma W, Duteyrat JL, Morlé L, Durand B, Reith W. RFX2 Is a Major Transcriptional Regulator of Spermiogenesis. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005368. [PMID: 26162102 PMCID: PMC4498915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis consists broadly of three phases: proliferation of diploid germ cells, meiosis, and finally extensive differentiation of the haploid cells into effective delivery vehicles for the paternal genome. Despite detailed characterization of many haploid developmental steps leading to sperm, only fragmentary information exists on the control of gene expression underlying these processes. Here we report that the RFX2 transcription factor is a master regulator of genes required for the haploid phase. A targeted mutation of Rfx2 was created in mice. Rfx2-/- mice are perfectly viable but show complete male sterility. Spermatogenesis appears to progress unperturbed through meiosis. However, haploid cells undergo a complete arrest in spermatid development just prior to spermatid elongation. Arrested cells show altered Golgi apparatus organization, leading to a deficit in the generation of a spreading acrosomal cap from proacrosomal vesicles. Arrested cells ultimately merge to form giant multinucleated cells released to the epididymis. Spermatids also completely fail to form the flagellar axoneme. RNA-Seq analysis and ChIP-Seq analysis identified 139 genes directly controlled by RFX2 during spermiogenesis. Gene ontology analysis revealed that genes required for cilium function are specifically enriched in down- and upregulated genes showing that RFX2 allows precise temporal expression of ciliary genes. Several genes required for cell adhesion and cytoskeleton remodeling are also downregulated. Comparison of RFX2-regulated genes with those controlled by other major transcriptional regulators of spermiogenesis showed that each controls independent gene sets. Altogether, these observations show that RFX2 plays a major and specific function in spermiogenesis. Failure of spermatogenesis, which is presumed to often result from genetic defects, is a common cause of male sterility. Although numerous genes associated with defects in male spermatogenesis have been identified, numerous cases of genetic male infertility remain unelucidated. We report here that the transcription factor RFX2 is a master regulator of gene expression programs required for progression through the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. Male RFX2-deficient mice are completely sterile. Spermatogenesis progresses through meiosis, but haploid cells undergo a complete block in development just prior to spermatid elongation. Gene expression profiling and ChIP-Seq analysis revealed that RFX2 controls key pathways implicated in cilium/flagellum formation, as well as genes implicated in microtubule and vesicle associated transport. The set of genes activated by RFX2 in spermatids exhibits virtually no overlap with those controlled by other known transcriptional regulators of spermiogenesis, establishing RFX2 as an essential new player in this developmental process. RFX2-deficient mice should therefore represent a valuable new model for deciphering the regulatory networks that direct sperm formation, and thereby contribute to the identification of causes of human male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W. Stephen Kistler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WSK); (BD)
| | - Dominique Baas
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvain Lemeille
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Paschaki
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Queralt Seguin-Estevez
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuèle Barras
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wenli Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jean-Luc Duteyrat
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Laurette Morlé
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte Durand
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5534, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (WSK); (BD)
| | - Walter Reith
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Braun BC, Müller K, Jewgenow K. Expression profiles of relaxin family peptides and their receptors indicate their influence on spermatogenesis in the domestic cat (Felis catus). Domest Anim Endocrinol 2015; 52:25-34. [PMID: 25704248 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Disturbed spermatogenesis is a common problem in felines. Studying spermatogenesis in the domestic cat can improve the understanding of the biological background and help to counteract fertility problems in other feline species. Here, we analyzed 3 relaxin family peptides (relaxin, relaxin-3, and INSL3) and their receptors (RXFP1, RXFP2, and RXFP3) as potential spermatogenic factors involving their expression in the testis at different stages of its development. It may be concluded from its stage-dependent expression that relaxin, together with RXFP1, appears to be involved in the first stage of spermatogenesis, whereas relaxin-3 via binding to RXFP3 influences spermiogenesis. Furthermore, correlations were observed between relaxin, relaxin-3, RXFP1, RXFP2 and RXFP3 messenger RNA expression, and the relative numbers of haploid cells in testes. The peptide INSL3 was highly expressed at all testis development stages. Because of the low and stage-independent expression of its receptor RXFP2, an auto- and/or paracrine function of INSL3 in spermatogenesis seems unlikely. In the adult testis, messenger RNA expression of relaxin, RXFP1, and RXFP3 predominantly occurs in the tubular testis compartment, whereas INLS3 is mainly expressed in the interstitium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B C Braun
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Reproduction Biology, PF 700430, 10324 Berlin, Germany.
| | - K Müller
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Reproduction Biology, PF 700430, 10324 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Jewgenow
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Reproduction Biology, PF 700430, 10324 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Bahrami-Samani E, Vo DT, de Araujo PR, Vogel C, Smith AD, Penalva LOF, Uren PJ. Computational challenges, tools, and resources for analyzing co- and post-transcriptional events in high throughput. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2015; 6:291-310. [PMID: 25515586 PMCID: PMC4397117 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Co- and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is complex and multifaceted, spanning the complete RNA lifecycle from genesis to decay. High-throughput profiling of the constituent events and processes is achieved through a range of technologies that continue to expand and evolve. Fully leveraging the resulting data is nontrivial, and requires the use of computational methods and tools carefully crafted for specific data sources and often intended to probe particular biological processes. Drawing upon databases of information pre-compiled by other researchers can further elevate analyses. Within this review, we describe the major co- and post-transcriptional events in the RNA lifecycle that are amenable to high-throughput profiling. We place specific emphasis on the analysis of the resulting data, in particular the computational tools and resources available, as well as looking toward future challenges that remain to be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emad Bahrami-Samani
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Dat T. Vo
- Children’s Cancer Research Institute and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Patricia Rosa de Araujo
- Children’s Cancer Research Institute and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Christine Vogel
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Andrew D. Smith
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Luiz O. F. Penalva
- Children’s Cancer Research Institute and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Philip J. Uren
- Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Najafipour R, Moghbelinejad S, Samimi Hashjin A, Rajaei F, Rashvand Z. Evaluation of mRNA Contents of YBX2 and JHDM2A Genes on Testicular Tissues of Azoospermic Men with Different Classes of Spermatogenesis. CELL JOURNAL 2015; 17:121-8. [PMID: 25870841 PMCID: PMC4393659 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2015.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Animal model studies have shown that MSY2 and JHDM2A genes have an important role in spermatogenesis process and fertility of male mice. But the potential role of these genes in human spermatogenesis and fertility is not known yet. Therefore, we evaluated expression ratios of these genes in testis tissues of men with normal and impaired spermatogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, after RNA extraction and cDNA syn- thesis from 50 non-obstructive azoospermic and 12 normal testis tissues, the expression ratios of genes were evaluated by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Hematoxcylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used for histological classification of testis tissues. For statistical analysis, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was carried out. RESULTS Our results showed a significant reduction in mRNA level of YBX2 in samples with impaired spermatogenesis (p<0.001) compared to samples with qualitatively normal spermatogenesis and normal spermatogenesis; however, in JHDM2A gene, despite sensible reduction in gene expression level in men with impaired spermatogenesis, no significant differences were shown (p>0.05). Furthermore in YBX2, a significant negative correlation was demonstrated between the efficiency score of spermatogenesis and the threshold cycle (CT) (r=-0.7, p<0.0001), whereas in JHDM2A, this negative correlation was not significant (r=-0.4, p=0.06). CONCLUSION Generally, these data indicated that YBX2 and JHDM2A genes may play an important role in male infertility, and suggested that these molecules can act as useful biomarkers for predicting male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Najafipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran ; Department of Medical Genetics, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Sahar Moghbelinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran ; Department of Medical Genetics, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Amir Samimi Hashjin
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Farzad Rajaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Zahra Rashvand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Sutherland JM, Sobinoff AP, Fraser BA, Redgrove KA, Davidson TL, Siddall NA, Koopman P, Hime GR, McLaughlin EA. RNA binding protein Musashi-1 directly targets Msi2 and Erh during early testis germ cell development and interacts with IPO5 upon translocation to the nucleus. FASEB J 2015; 29:2759-68. [PMID: 25782991 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-265868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Controlled gene regulation during gamete development is vital for maintaining reproductive potential. During the process of gamete development, male germ cells experience extended periods of inactive transcription despite requirements for continued growth and differentiation. Spermatogenesis therefore provides an ideal model to study the effects of posttranscriptional control on gene regulation. During spermatogenesis posttranscriptional regulation is orchestrated by abundantly expressed RNA-binding proteins. One such group of RNA-binding proteins is the Musashi family, previously identified as a critical regulator of testis germ cell development and meiosis in Drosophila and also shown to be vital to sperm development and reproductive potential in the mouse. We focus in depth on the role and function of the vertebrate Musashi ortholog Musashi-1 (MSI1). Through detailed expression studies and utilizing our novel transgenic Msi1 testis-specific overexpression model, we have identified 2 unique RNA-binding targets of MSI1 in spermatogonia, Msi2 and Erh, and have demonstrated a role for MSI1 in translational regulation. We have also provided evidence to suggest that nuclear import protein, IPO5, facilitates the nuclear translocation of MSI1 to the transcriptionally silenced XY chromatin domain in meiotic pachytene spermatocytes, resulting in the release of MSI1 RNA-binding targets. This firmly establishes MSI1 as a master regulator of posttranscriptional control during early spermatogenesis and highlights the significance of the subcellular localization of RNA binding proteins in relation to their function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessie M Sutherland
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexander P Sobinoff
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara A Fraser
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate A Redgrove
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tara-Lynne Davidson
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole A Siddall
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Koopman
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary R Hime
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- *School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Jamsai D, O'Connor AE, O'Donnell L, Lo JCY, O'Bryan MK. Uncoupling of transcription and translation of Fanconi anemia (FANC) complex proteins during spermatogenesis. SPERMATOGENESIS 2014; 5:e979061. [PMID: 26413409 DOI: 10.4161/21565562.2014.979061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Male germ cell genome integrity is critical for spermatogenesis, fertility and normal development of the offspring. Several DNA repair pathways exist in male germ cells. One such important pathway is the Fanconi anemia (FANC) pathway. Unlike in somatic cells, expression profiles and the role of the FANC pathway in germ cells remain largely unknown. In this study, we undertook an extensive expression analyses at both mRNA and protein levels of key components of the FANC pathway during spermatogenesis in the mouse. Herein we show that Fanc mRNAs and proteins displayed developmental enrichment within particular male germ cell types. Spermatogonia and pre-leptotene spermatocytes contained the majority of the FANC components examined i.e. complex I members FANCB, FANCG and FANCM, complex II members FANCD2 and FANCI, and complex III member FANCJ. Leptotene, zygotene and early pachytene spermatocytes contained FANCB, FANCG, FANCM and FANCD2. With the exception of FANCL, all FANC proteins examined were not detected in round spermatids. Elongating and elongated spermatids contained FANCB, FANCG, FANCL and FANCJ. qPCR analysis on isolated spermatocytes and round spermatids showed that Fancg, Fancl, Fancm, Fancd2, Fanci and Fancj mRNAs were expressed in both of these germ cell types, indicating that some degree of translational repression of these FANC proteins occurs during the transition from meiosis to spermiogenesis. Taken together, our findings raise the possibility that the assembly of FANC protein complexes in each of the male germ cell type is unique and may be distinct from the proposed model in mitotic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duangporn Jamsai
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Nursing and Health Sciences; Monash University ; Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne E O'Connor
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Nursing and Health Sciences; Monash University ; Victoria, Australia
| | - Liza O'Donnell
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Nursing and Health Sciences; Monash University ; Victoria, Australia ; MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research ; Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Chi Yi Lo
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Nursing and Health Sciences; Monash University ; Victoria, Australia
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology; School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Nursing and Health Sciences; Monash University ; Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Specific deficiency of Plzf paralog, Zbtb20, in Sertoli cells does not affect spermatogenesis and fertility in mice. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7062. [PMID: 25395169 PMCID: PMC4231391 DOI: 10.1038/srep07062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ztbt20 is a POK family transcription factor and primarily functions through its conserved C2H2 Krüppel type zinc finger and BTB/POZ domains. The present study was designed to define the function of the Zbtb20, in vivo, during mouse spermatogenesis. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that ZBTB20 protein was localized specifically in the nuclei of Sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules. To investigate its role during spermatogenesis, we crossed Amh-Cre transgenic mice with Zbtb20 floxp mice to generate conditionally knockout mice (cKO) in which Zbtb20 was specifically deleted in Sertoli cells. The cKO mice were fertile and did not show any detectable abnormalities in spermatogenesis. Taken together, though specific deletion of transcription factor Zbtb20 in Sertoli cells has no apparent influence on spermatogenesis, its specific localization in Sertoli cells makes Zbtb20 a useful marker for the identification of Sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules.
Collapse
|
79
|
Hu F, Gou L, Liu Q, Zhang W, Luo M, Zhang X. G-patch domain containing 2, a gene highly expressed in testes, inhibits nuclear factor-κB and cell proliferation. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1252-7. [PMID: 25376275 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
G-patch domain containing 2 (GPATC2), a human gene that is highly expressed in the testes, was implicated as a novel cancer/testis antigen. The present study investigated GPATC2 expression in a number of human cell lines and rat tissues, and its potential biological function in 293T cells. Semi‑quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that GPATC2 was widely expressed in 15 human cell lines (representing different lineages) and in 11 different rat tissues, and that the GPATC2 mRNA relative expression level was significantly higher in the testis than it was in other tissues. 293T cells were transiently transfected with GPATC2-p enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)‑N1 or GPATC2-pEGFP-C3 and the nuclei were stained with 4',6'‑diamidino‑2‑phenylindole. The results showed that GPATC2 is predominantly expressed in the nucleus of 293T cells. Overexpression of GPATC2 may inhibit transcription of the NF-κB reporter gene. The role of GPATC2 in proliferation was analyzed with cell counting kit-8, colony-forming efficiency and flow cytometry assays. The results indicated that over‑expression of GPATC2 in 293T cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation by decreasing the number of cells in S phase. By contrast, GPATC2 knockdown by RNA interference exhibited the opposite effect, suggesting that GPATC2 may be involved in inhibiting G1-S phase transition in 293T cells. In conclusion, these results provide novel insight into the breadth of expression of GPATC2 and its role in cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Hu
- College of Life Sciences, College of Psychology, Hebei United University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Gou
- College of Life Sciences, College of Psychology, Hebei United University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hebei United University Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Wendian Zhang
- Department of Biology, Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Luo
- College of Life Sciences, College of Psychology, Hebei United University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, College of Psychology, Hebei United University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Madhubabu G, Yenugu S. Allethrin induced toxicity in the male reproductive tract of rats contributes to disruption in the transcription of genes involved in germ cell production. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:1330-1345. [PMID: 23595975 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are known to be neurotoxic. However, their toxic effects including that of allethrin on the male reproductive tract are not elucidated. Adult male rats were treated orally with 25, 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg body weight allethrin every day for 60 days. Lipid peroxidation was increased (p < 0.001) in the caput, cauda, and testes. Nitric oxide production was increased (p < 0.001) in the caput, but unaltered in the cauda and testes. The activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase were decreased in the caput and cauda where as a decrease was observed in the testis obtained from allethrin treated rats. In the epididymides and testes, damage to tubular architecture, congestion, degeneration of epithelial cell lining, intestinal edema, and presence of dead or degenerating spermatids were observed in a dose dependent manner. The expression profile of genes involved in spermatogenesis (Tgf-beta1), sperm maturation (Spag11e), and sperm function (Defb22) were reduced (p < 0.001) in allethrin rats. The expression of p53 gene was decreased and increased phosphorylation of MAPK (p42/p44) expression was observed the male reproductive tract tissues of allethrin treated rats. Although earlier studies have reported the effects of allethrin inhalation because of the use of mosquito coils and vaporizers, our results for the first time prove that oral exposure to allethrin could affect fertility and may contribute to deregulation of cell cycle in the male reproductive tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golla Madhubabu
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
81
|
Chocu S, Evrard B, Lavigne R, Rolland AD, Aubry F, Jégou B, Chalmel F, Pineau C. Forty-four novel protein-coding loci discovered using a proteomics informed by transcriptomics (PIT) approach in rat male germ cells. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:123. [PMID: 25210130 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.122416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a complex process, dependent upon the successive activation and/or repression of thousands of gene products, and ends with the production of haploid male gametes. RNA sequencing of male germ cells in the rat identified thousands of novel testicular unannotated transcripts (TUTs). Although such RNAs are usually annotated as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), it is possible that some of these TUTs code for protein. To test this possibility, we used a "proteomics informed by transcriptomics" (PIT) strategy combining RNA sequencing data with shotgun proteomics analyses of spermatocytes and spermatids in the rat. Among 3559 TUTs and 506 lncRNAs found in meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells, 44 encoded at least one peptide. We showed that these novel high-confidence protein-coding loci exhibit several genomic features intermediate between those of lncRNAs and mRNAs. We experimentally validated the testicular expression pattern of two of these novel protein-coding gene candidates, both highly conserved in mammals: one for a vesicle-associated membrane protein we named VAMP-9, and the other for an enolase domain-containing protein. This study confirms the potential of PIT approaches for the discovery of protein-coding transcripts initially thought to be untranslated or unknown transcripts. Our results contribute to the understanding of spermatogenesis by characterizing two novel proteins, implicated by their strong expression in germ cells. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited with the ProteomeXchange Consortium under the data set identifier PXD000872.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Chocu
- Proteomics Core Facility Biogenouest, Inserm U1085, IRSET, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France Inserm U1085, IRSET, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | | | - Régis Lavigne
- Proteomics Core Facility Biogenouest, Inserm U1085, IRSET, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France Inserm U1085, IRSET, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | | | - Florence Aubry
- Inserm U1085, IRSET, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Bernard Jégou
- Inserm U1085, IRSET, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | | | - Charles Pineau
- Proteomics Core Facility Biogenouest, Inserm U1085, IRSET, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France Inserm U1085, IRSET, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Integrative omics analysis reveals differentially distributed proteins in dimorphic euspermatozoa of the squid, Loligo bleekeri. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:1218-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
83
|
Litvinov IV, Cordeiro B, Huang Y, Zargham H, Pehr K, Doré MA, Gilbert M, Zhou Y, Kupper TS, Sasseville D. Ectopic expression of cancer-testis antigens in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma patients. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:3799-808. [PMID: 24850846 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathogenesis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) remains only partially understood. A number of recent studies attempted to identify novel diagnostic markers and future therapeutic targets. One group of antigens, cancer-testis (CT) antigens, normally present solely in testicular germ cells, can be ectopically expressed in a variety of cancers. Currently, only a few studies attempted to investigate the expression of CT antigens in CTCL. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In the present work, we test the expression of CT genes in a cohort of patients with CTCL, normal skin samples, skin from benign inflammatory dermatoses, and in patient-derived CTCL cells. We correlate such expression with the p53 status and explore molecular mechanisms behind their ectopic expression in these cells. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that SYCP1, SYCP3, REC8, SPO11, and GTSF1 genes are heterogeneously expressed in patients with CTCL and patient-derived cell lines, whereas cTAGE1 (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma-associated antigen 1) was found to be robustly expressed in both. Mutated p53 status did not appear to be a requirement for the ectopic expression of CT antigens. While T-cell stimulation resulted in a significant upregulation of STAT3 and JUNB expression, it did not significantly alter the expression of CT antigens. Treatment of CTCL cells in vitro with vorinostat or romidepsin histone deacetylase inhibitors resulted in a significant dose-dependent upregulation of mRNA but not protein. Further expression analysis demonstrated that SYCP1, cTAGE1, and GTSF1 were expressed in CTCL, but not in normal skin or benign inflammatory dermatoses. CONCLUSIONS A number of CT genes are ectopically expressed in patients with CTCL and can be used as biomarkers or novel targets for immunotherapy.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/metabolism
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mutation
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Proteins/genetics
- Proteins/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Litvinov
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal;
| | - Brendan Cordeiro
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal
| | - Yuanshen Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Hanieh Zargham
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal
| | - Kevin Pehr
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal
| | | | | | - Youwen Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Thomas S Kupper
- Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal;
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Sutherland JM, Fraser BA, Sobinoff AP, Pye VJ, Davidson TL, Siddall NA, Koopman P, Hime GR, McLaughlin EA. Developmental Expression of Musashi-1 and Musashi-2 RNA-Binding Proteins During Spermatogenesis: Analysis of the Deleterious Effects of Dysregulated Expression1. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:92. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.115261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
85
|
Reig-Viader R, Vila-Cejudo M, Vitelli V, Buscà R, Sabaté M, Giulotto E, Caldés MG, Ruiz-Herrera A. Telomeric Repeat-Containing RNA (TERRA) and Telomerase Are Components of Telomeres During Mammalian Gametogenesis1. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:103. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.116954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
|
86
|
Luk ACS, Chan WY, Rennert OM, Lee TL. Long noncoding RNAs in spermatogenesis: insights from recent high-throughput transcriptome studies. Reproduction 2014; 147:R131-41. [PMID: 24713396 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a complex developmental process in which undifferentiated spermatogonia are differentiated into spermatocytes and spermatids through two rounds of meiotic division and finally giving rise to mature spermatozoa (sperm). These processes involve many testis- or male germ cell-specific gene products that undergo strict developmental regulations. As a result, identifying critical, regulatory genes controlling spermatogenesis provide the clues not only to the regulatory mechanism of spermatogenesis at the molecular level, but also to the identification of candidate genes for infertility or contraceptives development. Despite the biological importance in male germ cell development, the underlying mechanisms of stage-specific gene regulation and cellular transition during spermatogenesis remain largely elusive. Previous genomic studies on transcriptome profiling were largely limited to protein-coding genes. Importantly, protein-coding genes only account for a small percentage of transcriptome; the majority are noncoding transcripts that do not translate into proteins. Although small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs, siRNAs, and Piwi-interacting RNAs are extensively investigated in male germ cell development, the role of long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), commonly defined as ncRNAs longer than 200 bp, is relatively unexplored. Herein, we summarize recent transcriptome studies on spermatogenesis and show examples that a subset of noncoding transcript population, known as lncRNAs, constitutes a novel regulatory target in spermatogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Chun-Shui Luk
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Room 622A, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
87
|
Song HW, Wilkinson MF. Transcriptional control of spermatogonial maintenance and differentiation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 30:14-26. [PMID: 24560784 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a multistep process that generates millions of spermatozoa per day in mammals. A key to this process is the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC), which has the dual property of continually renewing and undergoing differentiation into a spermatogonial progenitor that expands and further differentiates. In this review, we will focus on how these proliferative and early differentiation steps in mammalian male germ cells are controlled by transcription factors. Most of the transcription factors that have so far been identified as promoting SSC self-renewal (BCL6B, BRACHYURY, ETV5, ID4, LHX1, and POU3F1) are upregulated by glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Since GDNF is crucial for promoting SSC self-renewal, this suggests that these transcription factors are responsible for coordinating the action of GDNF in SSCs. Other transcription factors that promote SSC self-renewal are expressed independently of GDNF (FOXO1, PLZF, POU5F1, and TAF4B) and thus may act in non-GDNF pathways to promote SSC cell growth or survival. Several transcription factors have been identified that promote spermatogonial differentiation (DMRT1, NGN3, SOHLH1, SOHLH2, SOX3, and STAT3); some of these may influence the decision of an SSC to commit to differentiate while others may promote later spermatogonial differentiation steps. Many of these transcription factors regulate each other and act on common targets, suggesting they integrate to form complex transcriptional networks in self-renewing and differentiating spermatogonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Won Song
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Miles F Wilkinson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Guo F, Yang B, Ju ZH, Wang XG, Qi C, Zhang Y, Wang CF, Liu HD, Feng MY, Chen Y, Xu YX, Zhong JF, Huang JM. Alternative splicing, promoter methylation, and functional SNPs of sperm flagella 2 gene in testis and mature spermatozoa of Holstein bulls. Reproduction 2014; 147:241-52. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The sperm flagella 2 (SPEF2) gene is essential for development of normal sperm tail and male fertility. In this study, we characterized first the splice variants, promoter and its methylation, and functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of theSPEF2gene in newborn and adult Holstein bulls. Four splice variants were identified in the testes, epididymis, sperm, heart, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and liver tissues through RT-PCR, clone sequencing, and western blot analysis. Immunohistochemistry revealed that theSPEF2was specifically expressed in the primary spermatocytes, elongated spermatids, and round spermatids in the testes and epididymis.SPEF2-SV1was differentially expressed in the sperms of high-performance and low-performance adult bulls;SPEF2-SV2presents the highest expression in testis and epididymis;SPEF2-SV3was only detected in testis and epididymis. An SNP (c.2851G>T) in exon 20 ofSPEF2, located within a putative exonic splice enhancer, potentially producedSPEF2-SV3and was involved in semen deformity rate and post-thaw cryopreserved sperm motility. The luciferase reporter and bisulfite sequencing analysis suggested that the methylation pattern of the core promoter did not significantly differ between the full-sib bulls that presented hypomethylation in the ejaculated semen and testis. This finding indicates that sperm quality is unrelated toSPEF2methylation pattern. Our data suggest that alternative splicing, rather than methylation, is involved in the regulation ofSPEF2expression in the testes and sperm and is one of the determinants of sperm motility during bull spermatogenesis. The exonic SNP (c.2851G>T) produces aberrant splice variants, which can be used as a candidate marker for semen traits selection breeding of Holstein bulls.
Collapse
|
89
|
Effect of zearalenone on reproductive parameters and expression of selected testicular genes in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 45:20-30. [PMID: 24412631 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We tested the effect of two different concentrations (150μg/l and 0.15μg/l) of mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEA) on the reproductive parameters and expression of testicular genes in male mice. In adult males, no reduction of body or reproductive organ weight was observed, and the seminiferous tubules were morphologically normal with ongoing spermatogenesis. However, we found decreased sperm concentration, increase of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa and increased binding of apoptotic marker annexin V. This study was also focused on the evaluation of gene expression profiles of 28 genes playing important roles during the processes occurring in the testicular tissue. We detected changes in the expression of genes important for proper spermatogenesis. Surprisingly, we observed a stronger effect after exposure to the lower dose of ZEA.
Collapse
|
90
|
Tian F, Wu YS, Zhao J, Li W. AR3 messenger ribonucleic acid expression and its functional implication in human primary testicular failure. Andrologia 2013; 46:859-66. [PMID: 24124902 DOI: 10.1111/and.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AR3, a major one of androgen receptor (AR) splice variants, has been shown to play a pivotal role in concert with AR signalling in prostate cancer. The present study was undertaken to characterise the expression pattern of AR3 in normal and impaired spermatogenesis. Expression of AR3 mRNA showed significantly lower level in testicular tissues with impaired spermatogenesis when compared to normal tissues. This aberrant expression profile of AR3 in human pathological testes was further confirmed by immunoblotting analysis. Moreover, in situ hybridisation studies revealed that the transcripts of the gene were dominantly localised in the pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids, suggesting a potential involvement of this transcriptional regulator in the auto-/paracrine regulation of meiotic and post-meiotic differentiation. This hypothesis was strengthened by the observation that AR3 mRNA expression was positively correlated to average seminiferous tubule score and was negatively correlated to serum FSH level. To the best of our knowledge, such a distinct expression profile of AR3 has not been reported previously in human testis. Overall, our data are suggestive of a novel site of action of AR3 during human spermatogenesis and should shed light on the complicated circuit composed of AR and its splice variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Tian
- The Center of Teaching and Experimenting, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
91
|
Colley SM, Wintle L, Searles R, Russell V, Firman RC, Smith S, DeBoer K, Merriner DJ, Genevieve B, Bentel JM, Stuckey BGA, Phillips MR, Simmons LW, de Kretser DM, O'Bryan MK, Leedman PJ. Loss of the nuclear receptor corepressor SLIRP compromises male fertility. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70700. [PMID: 23976951 PMCID: PMC3744554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) and their coregulators play fundamental roles in initiating and directing gene expression influencing mammalian reproduction, development and metabolism. SRA stem Loop Interacting RNA-binding Protein (SLIRP) is a Steroid receptor RNA Activator (SRA) RNA-binding protein that is a potent repressor of NR activity. SLIRP is present in complexes associated with NR target genes in the nucleus; however, it is also abundant in mitochondria where it affects mitochondrial mRNA transcription and energy turnover. In further characterisation studies, we observed SLIRP protein in the testis where its localization pattern changes from mitochondrial in diploid cells to peri-acrosomal and the tail in mature sperm. To investigate the in vivo effects of SLIRP, we generated a SLIRP knockout (KO) mouse. This animal is viable, but sub-fertile. Specifically, when homozygous KO males are crossed with wild type (WT) females the resultant average litter size is reduced by approximately one third compared with those produced by WT males and females. Further, SLIRP KO mice produced significantly fewer progressively motile sperm than WT animals. Electron microscopy identified disruption of the mid-piece/annulus junction in homozygous KO sperm and altered mitochondrial morphology. In sum, our data implicates SLIRP in regulating male fertility, wherein its loss results in asthenozoospermia associated with compromised sperm structure and mitochondrial morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shane M. Colley
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, The University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
| | - Larissa Wintle
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, The University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Victoria Russell
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, The University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
| | - Renee C. Firman
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Stephanie Smith
- Male Infertility and Germ Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Kathleen DeBoer
- Male Infertility and Germ Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - D. Jo Merriner
- Male Infertility and Germ Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Ben Genevieve
- Keogh Institute for Medical Research, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Jacqueline M. Bentel
- Anatomical Pathology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Bronwyn G. A. Stuckey
- Keogh Institute for Medical Research, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Michael R. Phillips
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, The University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Leigh W. Simmons
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - David M. de Kretser
- Male Infertility and Germ Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Moira K. O'Bryan
- Male Infertility and Germ Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Peter J. Leedman
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, The University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Deguchi K, Nagamatsu G, Miyachi H, Kato Y, Morita S, Kimura H, Kitano S, Hatada I, Saga Y, Tachibana M, Shinkai Y. Posttranscriptional regulation of histone lysine methyltransferase GLP in embryonic male mouse germ cells. Biol Reprod 2013; 88:36. [PMID: 23284137 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.103572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic status of germ cells changes dynamically during development. In this study, we analyzed the dynamics of histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2), a highly conserved mark of epigenetic silencing, and the expression of two lysine methyltransferases, G9a/Ehmt2/KMT1C and GLP/Ehmt1/KMT1D, in murine male embryonic germ cells after sex determination. Our previous studies established that G9a and GLP are the primary enzymes for H3K9me2 and predominantly exist as a G9a-GLP heteromeric complex that appears to be a functional H3K9 methyltransferase in vivo. During the period from Embryonic Day (E) 13.5 to E18.5 in mice, gonadal H3K9me2 levels were substantially lower in germ cells than in cells of nongerm lineage. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that during this phase in development, GLP level, but not G9a level, was also significantly lower in male germ cells. However, GLP mRNA was present in E13 and E16 male germ cells, with levels similar to those in cells of nongerm lineage. Interestingly, GLP is upregulated in embryonic male germ cells deficient for Nanos2, which encodes a germ cell-specific RNA-binding protein. Our data suggest that GLP protein expression is posttranscriptionally regulated in murine embryonic male germ cells after sex determination and that low H3K9me2 level results from the absence of GLP (severe reduction of the G9a-GLP heteromeric complex).
Collapse
|
93
|
|
94
|
|
95
|
Testis specific serine/threonine kinase 4 (Tssk4) maintains its kinase activity by phosphorylating itself at Thr-197. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:439-47. [PMID: 23054012 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The testis specific serine/threonine protein kinase family (Tssk) members play important roles in spermatogenesis and/or spermiogenesis. Similar to other Tssk family members, Tssk4 protein shows exclusive expression in testis, but its biochemical and biological functions are still largely unknown. In present work, we generate a polyclonal antibody which specifically recognizes Tssk4 but not the other three Tssk family members (Tssk1, Tssk2 and Tssk3). By using the qualified antibody, we show that Tssk4 protein is constantly expressed in testis from haploid round spermatids to morphological mature spermatozoa. Further experiments reveal that Tssk4 has autophosphorylation activity and self-association character in vitro. Importantly, we find that autophosphorylation of Tssk4 at Thr-197 in the T-loop region is essential to its kinase activity. Taken together, these findings suggest that autophosphorylation at Thr-197 plays a critical role in maintaining Tssk4 kinase activity, which might be involved in spermiogenesis.
Collapse
|
96
|
Variance in total levels of phospholipase C zeta (PLC-ζ) in human sperm may limit the applicability of quantitative immunofluorescent analysis as a diagnostic indicator of oocyte activation capability. Fertil Steril 2012; 99:107-117.e3. [PMID: 23040527 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether similar levels of phospholipase C zeta (PLC-ζ) protein are present in sperm from men whose ejaculates resulted in normal oocyte activation, and to examine whether a predominant pattern of PLC-ζ localization is linked to normal oocyte activation ability. DESIGN Laboratory study. SETTING University laboratory. PATIENT(S) Control subjects (men with proven oocyte activation capacity; n = 16) and men whose sperm resulted in recurrent intracytoplasmic sperm injection failure (oocyte activation deficient [OAD]; n = 5). INTERVENTION(S) Quantitative immunofluorescent analysis of PLC-ζ protein in human sperm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Total levels of PLC-ζ fluorescence, proportions of sperm exhibiting PLC-ζ immunoreactivity, and proportions of PLC-ζ localization patterns in sperm from control and OAD men. RESULT(S) Sperm from control subjects presented a significantly higher proportion of sperm exhibiting PLC-ζ immunofluorescence compared with infertile men diagnosed with OAD (82.6% and 27.4%, respectively). Total levels of PLC-ζ in sperm from individual control and OAD patients exhibited significant variance, with sperm from 10 out of 16 (62.5%) exhibiting levels similar to OAD samples. Predominant PLC-ζ localization patterns varied between control and OAD samples with no predictable or consistent pattern. CONCLUSION(S) The results indicate that sperm from control men exhibited significant variance in total levels of PLC-ζ protein, as well as significant variance in the predominant localization pattern. Such variance may hinder the diagnostic application of quantitative PLC-ζ immunofluorescent analysis.
Collapse
|
97
|
Smorag L, Zheng Y, Nolte J, Zechner U, Engel W, Pantakani DVK. MicroRNA signature in various cell types of mouse spermatogenesis: Evidence for stage-specifically expressed miRNA-221, -203 and -34b-5p mediated spermatogenesis regulation. Biol Cell 2012; 104:677-92. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
98
|
Li D, Lin Y, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Rong Z, Liu X. Transcriptional regulation of human novel gene SPATA12 promoter by AP-1 and HSF. Gene 2012; 511:18-25. [PMID: 22981541 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human SPATA12 is a spermatogenesis associated gene and is supposed to function as an inhibitor during male germ cell development. SPATA12 is specifically expressed in spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa of human testis. In order to understand the regulation mechanism of SPATA12 gene expression, we identified and characterized the SPATA12 gene core promoter region and transcription factor binding sites by using reporter gene assays. AP-1 is founded to be a potential transcriptional activator of SPATA12. The promoter activity of SPATA12 was drastically declined after AP-1 binding site mutation or deletion. We also demonstrated that AP-1 combined with Smad3/4 contributes to the transcriptional regulation of SPATA12 in response to TGF-β1. The expression of SPATA12 could be induced by TGF-β1 in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that AP-1 as an activator plays a role in the regulation of SPATA12 promoter. We have also shown that heat shock treatment could activate the expression of SPATA12 and transcription factor HSF binding sites in the SPATA12 promoter might be responsible for this heat-induction. These results suggested that AP-1 and HSF may play an important role in regulating SPATA12 promoter activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Life Science, School of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
99
|
Chalmel F, Lardenois A, Evrard B, Mathieu R, Feig C, Demougin P, Gattiker A, Schulze W, Jégou B, Kirchhoff C, Primig M. Global human tissue profiling and protein network analysis reveals distinct levels of transcriptional germline-specificity and identifies target genes for male infertility. Hum Reprod 2012; 27:3233-48. [PMID: 22926843 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian spermatogenesis is a process that involves a complex expression program in both somatic and germ cells present in the male gonad. A number of studies have attempted to define the transcriptome of male meiosis and gametogenesis in rodents and primates. Few human transcripts, however, have been associated with testicular somatic cells and germ cells at different post-natal developmental stages and little is known about their level of germline-specificity compared with non-testicular tissues. METHODS We quantified human transcripts using GeneChips and a total of 47 biopsies from prepubertal children diagnosed with undescended testis, infertile adult patients whose spermatogenesis is arrested at consecutive stages and fertile control individuals. These results were integrated with data from enriched normal germ cells, non-testicular expression data, phenotype information, predicted regulatory DNA-binding motifs and interactome data. RESULTS Among 3580 genes for which we found differential transcript concentrations in somatic and germ cells present in human testis, 933 were undetectable in 45 embryonic and adult non-testicular tissues, including many that were corroborated at protein level by published gene annotation data and histological high-throughput protein immunodetection assays. Using motif enrichment analyses, we identified regulatory promoter elements likely involved in germline development. Finally, we constructed a regulatory disease network for human fertility by integrating expression signals, interactome information, phenotypes and functional annotation data. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide broad insight into the post-natal human testicular transcriptome at the level of cell populations and in a global somatic tissular context. Furthermore, they yield clues for genetic causes of male infertility and will facilitate the identification of novel cancer/testis genes as targets for cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Chalmel
- Inserm Unit 1085-IRSET, Université de Rennes 1, EHESP School of Public Health, F-35042 Rennes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Berkovits BD, Wang L, Guarnieri P, Wolgemuth DJ. The testis-specific double bromodomain-containing protein BRDT forms a complex with multiple spliceosome components and is required for mRNA splicing and 3'-UTR truncation in round spermatids. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:7162-75. [PMID: 22570411 PMCID: PMC3424537 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the BET (bromodomain and extra terminal motif) family of proteins have been shown to be chromatin-interacting regulators of transcription. We previously generated a mutation in the testis-specific mammalian BET gene Brdt (bromodomain, testis-specific) that yields protein lacking the first bromodomain (BRDT(ΔBD1)) and observed disrupted spermiogenesis and male sterility. To determine whether BRDT(ΔBD1) protein results in altered transcription, we analyzed the transcriptomes of control versus Brdt(ΔBD1/ΔBD1) round spermatids. Over 400 genes showed statistically significant differential expression, and among the up-regulated genes, there was an enrichment of RNA splicing genes. Over 60% of these splicing genes had transcripts that lacked truncation of their 3'-untranslated region (UTR) typical of round spermatids. We selected four of these genes to characterize: Srsf2, Ddx5, Hnrnpk and Tardbp. The 3'-UTRs of Srsf2, Ddx5 and Hnrnpk mRNAs were longer in mutant round spermatids and resulted in reduced protein levels. Tardbp was transcriptionally up-regulated and a splicing shift toward the longer variant was observed. All four splicing proteins were found to complex with BRDT in control and mutant testes. We thus suggest that, along with modulating transcription, BRDT modulates gene expression as part of the splicing machinery. These modulations alter 3'-UTR processing in round spermatids; importantly, the BD1 is essential for these functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binyamin D. Berkovits
- Department of Genetics and Development, Biomedical Informatics Shared Resources, Bioinformatics Division, The Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Institute of Human Nutrition and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Genetics and Development, Biomedical Informatics Shared Resources, Bioinformatics Division, The Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Institute of Human Nutrition and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Paolo Guarnieri
- Department of Genetics and Development, Biomedical Informatics Shared Resources, Bioinformatics Division, The Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Institute of Human Nutrition and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Debra J. Wolgemuth
- Department of Genetics and Development, Biomedical Informatics Shared Resources, Bioinformatics Division, The Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Institute of Human Nutrition and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|