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Ghosh S, Gayen P, Jan S, Kishore AV, Kumar V, Mallick AM, Mukherjee A, Nandi SK, Sinha Roy R. Bioinspired Non-Immunogenic Multifunctional Sealant for Efficient Blood Clotting and Suture-Free Wound Closure. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6378-6393. [PMID: 33449650 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Engineering bioinspired peptide-based molecular medicine is an emerging paradigm for the management of traumatic coagulopathies and inherent bleeding disorder. A hemostat-based strategy in managing uncontrolled bleeding is limited due to the lack of adequate efficacy and clinical noncompliance. In this study, we report an engineered adhesive peptide-based hybrid regenerative medicine, sealant 5, which is designed integrating the structural and functional features of fibrin and mussel foot-pad protein. AFM studies have revealed that sealant 5 (55.8 ± 6.8 nN adhesive force) has higher adhesive force than fibrin (46.4 ± 7.3 nN adhesive force). SEM data confirms that sealant 5 retains its network-like morphology both at 37 and 60 °C, inferring its thermal stability. Both sealant 5 and fibrin exhibit biodegradability in the presence of trypsin, and sealant 5 also showed biocompatibility in the presence of fibroblast cells. Engineered sealant 5 efficiently promotes hemostasis with enhanced adhesiveness and less blood-loss than fibrin. In vivo data suggests that in heparinized conditions, sealant 5 ceases bleeding at 212.3 ± 15.1 s, whereas fibrin halts bleeding at 294.3 ± 21.4 s and blood-loss is ∼4-fold less in sealant 5 than in fibrin. In a heparinized system, sealant 5 facilitates faster blood-clotting than fibrin (∼82 s faster) and RADA-16, a reported peptide-based sealant (∼113 s faster). Additionally, in the case of sealant 5, the process of clotting mimicry-like fibrin is independent of the body's own coagulation system. Sealant 5 efficiently halts bleeding for both external and internal wounds, even for a heparinized system overcoming the bacterial infection. ELISA data and PMBC cell proliferation data support the non-immunogenic feature of sealant 5. Though fibrin and sealant 5 have exhibited comparable efficacy in suture-free wound closure, in vivo H&E staining images have revealed infiltration of very few immune cells as well as the presence of abundant collagen formation in the case of sealant 5-treated wound. Such nature-inspired non-immunogenic sealants offer exciting possibilities for the treatment of uncontrolled bleeding vis-à-vis wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehasish Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Paramita Gayen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Somnath Jan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Anyam Vijay Kishore
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Argha M Mallick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Asmita Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Samit Kumar Nandi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - Rituparna Sinha Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.,Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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Receveur N, Nechipurenko D, Knapp Y, Yakusheva A, Maurer E, Denis CV, Lanza F, Panteleev M, Gachet C, Mangin PH. Shear rate gradients promote a bi-phasic thrombus formation on weak adhesive proteins, such as fibrinogen in a VWF-dependent manner. Haematologica 2020; 105:2471-2483. [PMID: 33054087 PMCID: PMC7556676 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.235754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood flow profoundly varies throughout the vascular tree due to its pulsatile nature and to the complex vessel geometry. While thrombus formation has been extensively studied in vitro under steady flow, and in vivo under normal blood flow conditions, the impact of complex hemodynamics such as flow acceleration found in stenosed arteries has gained increased appreciation. We investigated the effect of flow acceleration, characterized by shear rate gradients, on the function of platelets adhering to fibrinogen, a plasma protein which plays a key role in hemostais and thrombosis. While we confirmed that under steady flow, fibrinogen only supports single platelet adhesion, we observed that under shear rate gradients, this surface becomes highly thrombogenic, supporting efficient platelet aggregation leading to occlusive thrombus formation. This shear rate gradient-driven thrombosis is biphasic with an initial step of slow platelet recruitment supported by direct plasma VWF adsorption to immobilized fibrinogen and followed by a second phase of explosive thrombosis initiated by VWF fiber formation on platelet monolayers. In vivo experiments confirmed that shear rate gradients accelerate thrombosis in a VWF-dependent manner. Together, this study characterizes a process of plasma VWF-dependent accelerated thrombosis on immobilized fibrinogen in the presence of shear rate gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Receveur
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dmitry Nechipurenko
- Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow Russia
| | - Yannick Knapp
- CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Ecole Centrale Marseille, IRPHE UMR7342, Marseille, France
- Université Avignon, LAPEC EA4278, Avignon, France
| | - Aleksandra Yakusheva
- Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow Russia
| | - Eric Maurer
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Cécile V. Denis
- HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - François Lanza
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mikhail Panteleev
- Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow Russia
| | - Christian Gachet
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre H. Mangin
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
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53
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Martins Lima A, Saint Auguste DS, Cuenot F, Martins Cavaco AC, Lachkar T, Khawand CME, Fraga-Silva RA, Stergiopulos N. Standardization and Validation of Fluorescence-Based Quantitative Assay to Study Human Platelet Adhesion to Extracellular-Matrix in a 384-Well Plate. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186539. [PMID: 32906775 PMCID: PMC7554887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a crucial role in the immunological response and are involved in the pathological settings of vascular diseases, and their adhesion to the extracellular matrix is important to bring leukocytes close to the endothelial cells and to form and stabilize the thrombus. Currently there are several methods to study platelet adhesion; however, the optimal parameters to perform the assay vary among studies, which hinders their comparison and reproducibility. Here, a standardization and validation of a fluorescence-based quantitative adhesion assay to study platelet-ECM interaction in a high-throughput screening format is proposed. Our study confirms that fluorescence-based quantitative assays can be effectively used to detect platelet adhesion, in which BCECF-AM presents the highest sensitivity in comparison to other dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Martins Lima
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Station 09, MED 3.2924, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Damian S. Saint Auguste
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
- Laboratory for Orthopaedic Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - François Cuenot
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
| | - Ana C. Martins Cavaco
- Luis Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Tom Lachkar
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
| | - Cindy Marie Elodie Khawand
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
| | - Rodrigo A. Fraga-Silva
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Stergiopulos
- Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology (LHTC), Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.S.S.A.); (F.C.); (T.L.); (C.M.E.K.); (R.A.F.-S.); (N.S.)
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54
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Arteel GE, Naba A. The liver matrisome - looking beyond collagens. JHEP Rep 2020; 2:100115. [PMID: 32637906 PMCID: PMC7330160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a diverse microenvironment that maintains bidirectional communication with surrounding cells to regulate cell and tissue homeostasis. The classical definition of the ECM has more recently been extended to include non-fibrillar proteins that either interact or are structurally affiliated with the ECM, termed the 'matrisome.' In addition to providing the structure and architectural support for cells and tissue, the matrisome serves as a reservoir for growth factors and cytokines, as well as a signaling hub via which cells can communicate with their environment and vice-versa. The matrisome is a master regulator of tissue homeostasis and organ function, which can dynamically and appropriately respond to any stress or injury. Failure to properly regulate these responses can lead to changes in the matrisome that are maladaptive. Hepatic fibrosis is a canonical example of ECM dyshomeostasis, leading to accumulation of predominantly collagenous ECM; indeed, hepatic fibrosis is considered almost synonymous with collagen accumulation. However, the qualitative and quantitative alterations of the hepatic matrisome during fibrosis are much more diverse than simple accumulation of collagens and occur long before fibrosis is histologically detected. A deeper understanding of the hepatic matrisome and its response to injury could yield new mechanistic insights into disease progression and regression, as well as potentially identify new biomarkers for both. In this review, we discuss the role of the ECM in liver diseases and look at new "omic" approaches to study this compartment.
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Key Words
- AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve
- CCl4, carbon tetrachloride
- ECM
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Extracellular matrix
- Fibrosis
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- Liver disease
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NPV, negative predictive value
- POSTN, periostin
- PPV, positive predictive values
- Proteomics
- Regeneration
- TGFβ, transforming growth factor beta
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin E. Arteel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexandra Naba
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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55
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Ishihara J, Ishihara A, Sasaki K, Lee SSY, Williford JM, Yasui M, Abe H, Potin L, Hosseinchi P, Fukunaga K, Raczy MM, Gray LT, Mansurov A, Katsumata K, Fukayama M, Kron SJ, Swartz MA, Hubbell JA. Targeted antibody and cytokine cancer immunotherapies through collagen affinity. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/487/eaau3259. [PMID: 30971453 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) has demonstrated clinical efficacy but is frequently accompanied with severe adverse events caused by excessive and systemic immune system activation. Here, we addressed this need by targeting both the CPI antibodies anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 antibody (αCTLA4) + anti-programmed death ligand 1 antibody (αPD-L1) and the cytokine IL-2 to tumors via conjugation (for the antibodies) or recombinant fusion (for the cytokine) to a collagen-binding domain (CBD) derived from the blood protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) A3 domain, harnessing the exposure of tumor stroma collagen to blood components due to the leakiness of the tumor vasculature. We show that intravenously administered CBD protein accumulated mainly in tumors. CBD conjugation or fusion decreases the systemic toxicity of both αCTLA4 + αPD-L1 combination therapy and IL-2, for example, eliminating hepatotoxicity with the CPI molecules and ameliorating pulmonary edema with IL-2. Both CBD-CPI and CBD-IL-2 suppressed tumor growth compared to their unmodified forms in multiple murine cancer models, and both CBD-CPI and CBD-IL-2 increased tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. In an orthotopic breast cancer model, combination treatment with CPI and IL-2 eradicated tumors in 9 of 13 animals with the CBD-modified drugs, whereas it did so in only 1 of 13 animals with the unmodified drugs. Thus, the A3 domain of VWF can be used to improve safety and efficacy of systemically administered tumor drugs with high translational promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ishihara
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ako Ishihara
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Koichi Sasaki
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Steve Seung-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Mariko Yasui
- Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo, 113-8655 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Abe
- Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo, 113-8655 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lambert Potin
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peyman Hosseinchi
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kazuto Fukunaga
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michal M Raczy
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Laura T Gray
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Aslan Mansurov
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kiyomitsu Katsumata
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Masashi Fukayama
- Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo, 113-8655 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stephen J Kron
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Melody A Swartz
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Hubbell
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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56
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Rajab TK, O’Malley TJ, Tchantchaleishvili V. Decellularized scaffolds for tissue engineering: Current status and future perspective. Artif Organs 2020; 44:1031-1043. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J. O’Malley
- Division of Cardiac Surgery Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA USA
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57
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Méndez D, Urra FA, Millas-Vargas JP, Alarcón M, Rodríguez-Lavado J, Palomo I, Trostchansky A, Araya-Maturana R, Fuentes E. Synthesis of antiplatelet ortho-carbonyl hydroquinones with differential action on platelet aggregation stimulated by collagen or TRAP-6. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 192:112187. [PMID: 32155530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Platelets have a major role in cardiovascular events as they bind to the damaged endothelium activating and forming thrombi. Although some hydroquinone scaffold-containing compounds have known antiplatelet activities, currently there is a lack of evidence on the antiplatelet activity of hydroquinones carrying electron attractor groups. In this work, we evaluate the antiplatelet effect of a series of ortho-carbonyl hydroquinone derivatives on cytotoxicity and function of human platelets, using collagen and thrombin receptor activator peptide 6 (TRAP-6) as agonists. Our structure-activity relationship study shows that gem-diethyl/methyl substitutions and the addition/modifications of the third ring of ortho-carbonyl hydroquinone scaffold influence on the selective index (IC50 TRAP-6/IC50 Collagen) and the inhibitory capacity of platelet aggregation. Compounds 3 and 8 inhibit agonist-induced platelet aggregation in a non-competitive manner with IC50 values of 1.77 ± 2.09 μM (collagen) and 11.88 ± 4.59 μM (TRAP-6), respectively and show no cytotoxicity. Both compounds do not affect intracellular calcium levels and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Consistently, they reduce the expression of P-selectin, activation of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, and release of adenosine triphosphate and CD63 from platelet. Our findings may be used for further development of new drugs in platelet-related thrombosis diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Méndez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Félix A Urra
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Juan Pablo Millas-Vargas
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Rodríguez-Lavado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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Bulboacă AE, Boarescu PM, Melincovici CS, Mihu CM. Microfluidic endothelium-on-a-chip development, from in vivo to in vitro experimental models. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2020; 61:15-23. [PMID: 32747891 PMCID: PMC7728109 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.61.1.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, animal testing in medical research has been a controversial topic because of various reasons, such as ethical considerations and species differences. Therefore, more attention has been given to develop new technologies that can replace animal experiments and create in vitro models. Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technology is a new and advanced technology based on microfluidic devices that can mimic the structure and function of entire organs and tissues as in vitro models. OOC models are miniature tissues and organs that assign characteristics for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture representation that resemble the original organs, together with their specific microenvironment microfluidic systems and specific biophysical processes, in order to mimic the normal physiological conditions and functionalities of the organs. Existing OOC models, such as liver, pancreas, heart, skin, brain, kidney, vessels, have been developed and designed for a specific function study. This review focuses on the main knowledge concerning OOC research and especially vascular endothelium-on-a-chip (EOC) model, developed in order to offer specific tools for studying vascular functions in physiological and pathological conditions. The field of OOC devices is still at the beginning, but in the future, this technology may have important roles in developing novel therapeutic approaches, offering new therapeutic molecules and providing the first step towards personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Elena Bulboacă
- Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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59
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Lopera Higuita M, Griffiths LG. Small Diameter Xenogeneic Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds for Vascular Applications. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2019; 26:26-45. [PMID: 31663438 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Currently, despite the success of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) remains among the most commonly performed cardiac surgical procedures in the United States. Unfortunately, the use of autologous grafts in CABG presents a major clinical challenge as complications due to autologous vessel harvest and limited vessel availability pose a significant setback in the success rate of CABG surgeries. Acellular extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds derived from xenogeneic vascular tissues have the potential to overcome these challenges, as they offer unlimited availability and sufficient length to serve as "off-the-shelf" CABGs. Unfortunately, regardless of numerous efforts to produce a fully functional small diameter xenogeneic ECM scaffold, the combination of factors required to overcome all failure mechanisms in a single graft remains elusive. This article covers the major failure mechanisms of current xenogeneic small diameter vessel ECM scaffolds, and reviews the recent advances in the field to overcome these failure mechanisms and ultimately develop a small diameter ECM xenogeneic scaffold for CABG. Impact Statement Currently, the use of autologous vessel in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is common practice. However, the use of autologous tissue poses significant complications due to tissue harvest and limited availability. Developing an alternative vessel for use in CABG can potentially increase the success rate of CABG surgery by eliminating complications related to the use of autologous vessel. However, this development has been hindered by an array of failure mechanisms that currently have not been overcome. This article describes the currently identified failure mechanisms of small diameter vascular xenogeneic extracellular matrix scaffolds and reviews current research targeted to overcoming these failure mechanisms toward ensuring long-term graft patency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leigh G Griffiths
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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60
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Fibronectin and Its Role in Human Infective Diseases. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121516. [PMID: 31779172 PMCID: PMC6952806 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin is a multidomain glycoprotein ubiquitously detected in extracellular fluids and matrices of a variety of animal and human tissues where it functions as a key link between matrices and cells. Fibronectin has also emerged as the target for a large number of microorganisms, particularly bacteria. There are clear indications that the binding of microorganism’ receptors to fibronectin promotes attachment to and infection of host cells. Each bacterium may use different receptors which recognize specific fibronectin domains, mostly the N-terminal domain and the central cell-binding domain. In many cases, fibronectin receptors have actions over and above that of simple adhesion: In fact, adhesion is often the prerequisite for invasion and internalization of microorganisms in the cells of colonized tissues. This review updates the current understanding of fibronectin receptors of several microorganisms with emphasis on their biochemical and structural properties and the role they can play in the onset and progression of host infection diseases. Furthermore, we describe the antigenic profile and discuss the possibility of designing adhesion inhibitors based on the structure of the fibronectin-binding site in the receptor or the receptor-binding site in fibronectin.
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Katsumata K, Ishihara J, Mansurov A, Ishihara A, Raczy MM, Yuba E, Hubbell JA. Targeting inflammatory sites through collagen affinity enhances the therapeutic efficacy of anti-inflammatory antibodies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaay1971. [PMID: 31723606 PMCID: PMC6834392 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of drugs for inflammatory diseases is of high demand. One possible approach is targeting drugs to the extracellular matrix of the inflamed area. Here, we target collagens in the matrix, which are inaccessible in most tissues yet are exposed to the bloodstream in the inflamed area because of vascular hyperpermeability. We conferred collagen affinity to anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (α-TNF) antibody by conjugating a collagen-binding peptide (CBP) derived from the sequence of decorin. CBP-α-TNF accumulated in the inflamed paw of the arthritis model, and arthritis development was significantly suppressed by treatment with CBP-α-TNF compared with the unmodified antibody. Similarly, CBP-anti-transforming growth factor-β (α-TGF-β) accumulated in the inflamed lung of pulmonary fibrosis model and significantly suppressed pulmonary fibrosis compared with the unmodified antibody. Together, collagen affinity enables the anticytokine antibodies to target arthritis and pulmonary fibrosis accompanied by inflammation, demonstrating a clinically translational approach to treat inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyomitsu Katsumata
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jun Ishihara
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Aslan Mansurov
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ako Ishihara
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michal M. Raczy
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Eiji Yuba
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Jeffrey A. Hubbell
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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62
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Immobilization of Fibronectin-Loaded Polyelectrolyte Nanoparticles on Cardiovascular Material Surface to Improve the Biocompatibility. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5478369. [PMID: 31781622 PMCID: PMC6875231 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5478369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Vascular stent interventional therapy is the main method for clinical treatment of coronary artery diseases. However, due to the insufficient biocompatibility of cardiovascular materials, the implantation of stents often leads to serious adverse cardiac events. Surface biofunctional modification to improve the biocompatibility of vascular stents has been the focus of current research. In this study, based on the structure and function of extracellular matrix on vascular injury healing, a novel fibronectin-loaded poly-l-lysine/heparin nanoparticles was constructed for stent surface modification. In vitro blood compatibility evaluation results showed that the nanoparticles-modified surface could effectively reduce platelet adhesion and activation. In vitro cellular compatibility evaluation results indicated that the nanocoating may provide adequate efficacy in promoting the adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells and thereby accelerate endothelialization. This study provides a new approach for the surface biological function modification of vascular stents.
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63
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Chelluboina B, Vemuganti R. Chronic kidney disease in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1893-1905. [PMID: 31366298 PMCID: PMC6775591 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19866733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease has a graded and independent inverse impact on cerebrovascular health. Both thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications are highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease patients. Growing evidence suggests that in chronic kidney disease patients, ischemic strokes are more common than hemorrhagic strokes. Chronic kidney disease is asymptomatic until an advanced stage, but mild to moderate chronic kidney disease incites various pathogenic mechanisms such as inflammation, oxidative stress, neurohormonal imbalance, formation of uremic toxins and vascular calcification which damage the endothelium and blood vessels. Cognitive dysfunction, dementia, transient infarcts, and white matter lesions are widespread in mild to moderate chronic kidney disease patients. Uremic toxins produced after chronic kidney disease can pass through the blood-brain barrier and mediate cognitive dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, chronic kidney disease precipitates vascular risk factors that can lead to atherosclerosis, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and diabetes. Chronic kidney disease also exacerbates stroke pathogenesis, worsens recovery outcomes, and limits the eligibility of stroke patients to receive available stroke therapeutics. This review highlights the mechanisms involved in the advancement of chronic kidney disease and its possible association with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Chelluboina
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
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64
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Teixeira C, Fernandes CM, Leiguez E, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM. Inflammation Induced by Platelet-Activating Viperid Snake Venoms: Perspectives on Thromboinflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2082. [PMID: 31572356 PMCID: PMC6737392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Envenomation by viperid snakes is characterized by systemic thrombotic syndrome and prominent local inflammation. To date, the mechanisms underlying inflammation and blood coagulation induced by Viperidae venoms have been viewed as distinct processes. However, studies on the mechanisms involved in these processes have revealed several factors and signaling molecules that simultaneously act in both the innate immune and hemostatic systems, suggesting an overlap between both systems during viper envenomation. Moreover, distinct classes of venom toxins involved in these effects have also been identified. However, the interplay between inflammation and hemostatic alterations, referred as to thromboinflammation, has never been addressed in the investigation of viper envenomation. Considering that platelets are important targets of viper snake venoms and are critical for the process of thromboinflammation, in this review, we summarize the inflammatory effects and mechanisms induced by viper snake venoms, particularly from the Bothrops genus, which strongly activate platelet functions and highlight selected venom components (metalloproteases and C-type lectins) that both stimulate platelet functions and exhibit pro-inflammatory activities, thus providing insights into the possible role(s) of thromboinflammation in viper envenomation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Teixeira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Maria Fernandes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elbio Leiguez
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Marisa Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
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65
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Aslani S, Kabiri M, Kehtari M, Hanaee-Ahvaz H. Vascular tissue engineering: Fabrication and characterization of acetylsalicylic acid-loaded electrospun scaffolds coated with amniotic membrane lysate. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16080-16096. [PMID: 30779117 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
As the incidence of small-diameter vascular graft (SDVG) occlusion is considerably high, a great amount of research is focused on constructing a more biocompatible graft. The absence of a biocompatible surface in the lumen of the engineered grafts that can support confluent lining with endothelial cells (ECs) can cause thrombosis and graft failure. Blood clot formation is mainly because of the lack of an integrated endothelium. The most effective approach to combat this problem would be using natural extracellular matrix constituents as a mimic of endothelial basement membrane along with applying anticoagulant agents to provide local antithrombotic effects. In this study, we fabricated aligned and random electrospun poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds containing acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) as the anticoagulation agent and surface coated them with amniotic membrane (AM) lysate. Vascular scaffolds were structurally and mechanically characterized and assessed for cyto- and hemocompatibility and their ability to support endothelial differentiation was examined. All the scaffolds showed appropriate tensile strength as expected for vascular grafts. Lack of cytotoxicity, cellular attachment, growth, and infiltration were proved using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and scanning electron microscopy. The blood compatibilities of different scaffolds examined by in vitro hemolysis and blood coagulation assays elucidated the excellent hemocompatibility of our novel AM-coated ASA-loaded nanofibers. Drug-loaded scaffolds showed a sustained release profile of ASA in 7 days. AM-coated electrospun PLLA fibers showed enhanced cytocompatibility for human umbilical vein ECs, making a confluent endothelial-like lining. In addition, AM lysate-coated ASA-PLLA-aligned scaffold proved to support endothelial differentiation of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Our results together indicated that AM lysate-coated ASA releasing scaffolds have promising potentials for development of a biocompatible SDVG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Aslani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Molecular biology and genetic engineering and Department of nanotechnology and tissue engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Kabiri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mousa Kehtari
- Department of Molecular biology and genetic engineering and Department of nanotechnology and tissue engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hana Hanaee-Ahvaz
- Department of Molecular biology and genetic engineering and Department of nanotechnology and tissue engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
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66
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Vögtle T, Sharma S, Mori J, Nagy Z, Semeniak D, Scandola C, Geer MJ, Smith CW, Lane J, Pollack S, Lassila R, Jouppila A, Barr AJ, Ogg DJ, Howard TD, McMiken HJ, Warwicker J, Geh C, Rowlinson R, Abbott WM, Eckly A, Schulze H, Wright GJ, Mazharian A, Fütterer K, Rajesh S, Douglas MR, Senis YA. Heparan sulfates are critical regulators of the inhibitory megakaryocyte-platelet receptor G6b-B. eLife 2019; 8:e46840. [PMID: 31436532 PMCID: PMC6742478 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM)-containing receptor G6b-B is critical for platelet production and activation. Loss of G6b-B results in severe macrothrombocytopenia, myelofibrosis and aberrant platelet function in mice and humans. Using a combination of immunohistochemistry, affinity chromatography and proteomics, we identified the extracellular matrix heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan perlecan as a G6b-B binding partner. Subsequent in vitro biochemical studies and a cell-based genetic screen demonstrated that the interaction is specifically mediated by the HS chains of perlecan. Biophysical analysis revealed that heparin forms a high-affinity complex with G6b-B and mediates dimerization. Using platelets from humans and genetically modified mice, we demonstrate that binding of G6b-B to HS and multivalent heparin inhibits platelet and megakaryocyte function by inducing downstream signaling via the tyrosine phosphatases Shp1 and Shp2. Our findings provide novel insights into how G6b-B is regulated and contribute to our understanding of the interaction of megakaryocytes and platelets with glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Vögtle
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Sumana Sharma
- Cell Surface Signalling LaboratoryWellcome Trust Sanger InstituteCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Jun Mori
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Zoltan Nagy
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Daniela Semeniak
- Institute of Experimental BiomedicineUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Cyril Scandola
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Etablissement Français du Sang Grand Est, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Mitchell J Geer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Christopher W Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Jordan Lane
- Sygnature Discovery LimitedNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Riitta Lassila
- Coagulation Disorders Unit, Department of Hematology, Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Helsinki, Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Aplagon OyHelsinkiFinland
| | - Annukka Jouppila
- Coagulation Disorders UnitHelsinki University Hospital Research InstituteHelsinkiFinland
| | - Alastair J Barr
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science & TechnologyUniversity of WestminsterLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Derek J Ogg
- Peak Proteins LimitedAlderley ParkCheshireUnited Kingdom
| | - Tina D Howard
- Peak Proteins LimitedAlderley ParkCheshireUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Juli Warwicker
- Peak Proteins LimitedAlderley ParkCheshireUnited Kingdom
| | - Catherine Geh
- Peak Proteins LimitedAlderley ParkCheshireUnited Kingdom
| | | | - W Mark Abbott
- Peak Proteins LimitedAlderley ParkCheshireUnited Kingdom
| | - Anita Eckly
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Etablissement Français du Sang Grand Est, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Harald Schulze
- Institute of Experimental BiomedicineUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Gavin J Wright
- Cell Surface Signalling LaboratoryWellcome Trust Sanger InstituteCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Mazharian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Klaus Fütterer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Sundaresan Rajesh
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Michael R Douglas
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Department of NeurologyDudley Group NHS Foundation TrustDudleyUnited Kingdom
- School of Life and Health SciencesAston UniversityBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Yotis A Senis
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Etablissement Français du Sang Grand Est, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
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67
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Enhanced processing of von Willebrand factor reflects disease severity and discriminates severe portal hypertension in cirrhosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 31:1040-1048. [PMID: 30768435 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Portal hypertension in cirrhosis is associated with endothelial dysfunction, impaired wound healing, and decreased platelet count. Increased von Willebrand factor (VWF) formation has been suggested as a compensatory mechanism, but the role of VWF processing has not been directly assessed. The aim was to measure the processing of activated VWF (VWF-A) in addition to VWF release (VWF-N) to investigate the association of primary hemostasis with disease activity and portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Plasma samples from 105 participants undergoing liver vein catheterization and with liver cirrhosis of varying severity were included in the study together with 20 controls without liver disease. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay format was used to estimate biomarkers of VWF turnover using neo-epitope-specific monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS VWF-N levels and VWF-A levels were significantly elevated in cirrhotic patients compared with controls (P<0.0001), and both markers could discriminate mild from severe cirrhosis (VWF-N, P<0.0001; VWF-A, P<0.05). Both markers correlated well with increasing portal hypertension and could identify patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (VWF-N, area under the curve: 0.78; VWF-A, area under the curve: 0.67). Only VWF-A significantly separated compensated from decompensated patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The data indicate that both VWF release and processing of active VWF are increased in cirrhosis, reflecting ongoing wound healing initiation. VWF-N and VWF-A may specifically contain information to assess the presence and severity of PHT as an early indicator of cirrhosis, and for acute damage in decompensated cirrhosis. Whether the increased wound healing affects long-term outcome needs to be addressed in future studies.
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68
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Jailkhani N, Ingram JR, Rashidian M, Rickelt S, Tian C, Mak H, Jiang Z, Ploegh HL, Hynes RO. Noninvasive imaging of tumor progression, metastasis, and fibrosis using a nanobody targeting the extracellular matrix. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:14181-14190. [PMID: 31068469 PMCID: PMC6628802 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817442116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition is a hallmark of many diseases, including cancer and fibroses. To exploit the ECM as an imaging and therapeutic target, we developed alpaca-derived libraries of "nanobodies" against disease-associated ECM proteins. We describe here one such nanobody, NJB2, specific for an alternatively spliced domain of fibronectin expressed in disease ECM and neovasculature. We showed by noninvasive in vivo immuno-PET/CT imaging that NJB2 detects primary tumors and metastatic sites with excellent specificity in multiple models of breast cancer, including human and mouse triple-negative breast cancer, and in melanoma. We also imaged mice with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in which NJB2 was able to detect not only PDAC tumors but also early pancreatic lesions called pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias, which are challenging to detect by any current imaging modalities, with excellent clarity and signal-to-noise ratios that outperformed conventional 2-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT imaging. NJB2 also detected pulmonary fibrosis in a bleomycin-induced fibrosis model. We propose NJB2 and similar anti-ECM nanobodies as powerful tools for noninvasive detection of tumors, metastatic lesions, and fibroses. Furthermore, the selective recognition of disease tissues makes NJB2 a promising candidate for nanobody-based therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Jailkhani
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Jessica R Ingram
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mohammad Rashidian
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Steffen Rickelt
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Chenxi Tian
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Howard Mak
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Zhigang Jiang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Richard O Hynes
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
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69
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Petrey AC, de la Motte CA. Hyaluronan in inflammatory bowel disease: Cross-linking inflammation and coagulation. Matrix Biol 2019; 78-79:314-323. [PMID: 29574062 PMCID: PMC6150849 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan, a major extracellular matrix component, is an active participant in many disease states, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The synthesis of this dynamic polymer is increased at sites of inflammation. Hyaluronan together with the enzymes responsible for its synthesis, degradation, and its binding proteins, directly modulates the promotion and resolution of disease by controlling recruitment of immune cells, by release of inflammatory cytokines, and by balancing hemostasis. This review discusses the functional significance of hyaluronan in the cells and tissues involved in inflammatory bowel disease pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C Petrey
- Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Carol A de la Motte
- Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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70
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Rengasamy KRR, Khan H, Ahmad I, Lobine D, Mahomoodally F, Suroowan S, Hassan STS, Xu S, Patel S, Daglia M, Nabavi SM, Pandian SK. Bioactive peptides and proteins as alternative antiplatelet drugs. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:2153-2171. [PMID: 31006878 DOI: 10.1002/med.21579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antiplatelet drugs reduce the risks associated with atherothrombotic events and show various applications in diverse cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarctions. Efficacy of the current antiplatelet medicines including aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor, and the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists, are limited due to their increased risks of bleeding, and antiplatelet drug resistance. Hence, it is important to develop new effective antiplatelet drugs, with fewer side-effects. The vast repertoire of natural peptides can be explored towards this goal. Proteins and peptides derived from snake venoms and plants represent exciting candidates for the development of novel and potent antiplatelet agents. Consequently, this review discusses multiple peptides that have displayed antiplatelet aggregation activity in preclinical drug development stages. This review also describes the antiplatelet mechanisms of the peptides, emphasizing the signaling pathways intervened by them. Also, the hurdles encountered during the development of peptides into antiplatelet drugs have been listed. Finally, hitherto unexplored peptides with the potential to prevent platelet aggregation are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Imad Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Devina Lobine
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Shanoo Suroowan
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Sherif T S Hassan
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Suowen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Seema Patel
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, Pavia University, Pavia, Italy
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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71
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Association of Oxidative Stress and Platelet Receptor Glycoprotein GPIbα and GPVI Shedding During Nonsurgical Bleeding in Heart Failure Patients With Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support. ASAIO J 2019; 64:462-471. [PMID: 28953486 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000000680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsurgical bleeding (NSB) in heart failure (HF) patients with continuous-flow left ventricular assist device (CF-LVAD) support is the most common clinical complication. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between oxidative stress and platelet glycoproteins GPIbα and GPVI shedding on the incidence of NSB in CF-LVAD patients. Fifty-one HF patients undergoing CF-LVAD implantation and 11 healthy volunteers were recruited. Fourteen patients developed NSB (bleeder group) during 1 month follow-up duration, while others were considered nonbleeder group (n = 37). Several biomarkers of oxidative stress were quantified at baseline and weekly intervals in all patients. Surface expression and plasma elements of platelet receptor glycoproteins GPIbα and GPVI were measured. Oxidative stress biomarkers and platelet GPIbα and GPVI receptor-shedding (decreased surface expression and higher plasma levels) were found to be preexisting conditions in baseline samples of both groups of HF patients when compared with healthy volunteers. Significantly elevated oxidative stress biomarkers and platelet glycoprotein receptor shedding were observed in postimplant bleeder group temporarily when compared with nonbleeder group. Strong significant associations between biomarkers of oxidative stress and platelet glycoprotein receptor shedding were observed, suggesting a possible role of oxidative stress in platelet integrin shedding leading to NSB in CF-LVAD patients. Receiver operating characteristic analyses of GPIbα and GPVI indicated that the likelihood of NSB had a predictive power of bleeding complication in CF-LVAD patients. In conclusion, elevated oxidative stress may play a role in GPIbα and GPVI shedding in the event of NSB. Thus, oxidative stress and GPIbα and GPVI shedding may be used as potential biomarkers for bleeding risk stratification in those patients.
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Tee JK, Setyawati MI, Peng F, Leong DT, Ho HK. Angiopoietin-1 accelerates restoration of endothelial cell barrier integrity from nanoparticle-induced leakiness. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:682-700. [PMID: 30776942 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1571646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in biomedical field for therapeutic treatments, drug carriers, and bio-imaging agent. Recent studies have highlighted the possibility of utilizing inorganic NPs in inducing endothelial leakiness through endothelial remodeling to promote drug transport across the barrier. However, an uncontrolled and persistent leakiness could lead to promiscuous transport of molecules and cells across the barrier, highlighting the pressing need to control the timely recovery from endothelial cell leakiness. Herein, we show that angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) could promote recovery of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) from titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2 NPs)-induced endothelial leakiness. Ang1 is known as an anti-permeability growth factor which forms complexes with its receptor Tie2 at the cell-to-cell junctions. We find that the introduction of Ang1 not only accelerates the recovery of NP-induced endothelial leakiness (NanoEL) but also promotes cell rigidity by increasing tubulin acetylation, thereby remodels the endothelial cells to further mitigate the effects of NP exposure through the activation of the Akt pathway. Using in vitro metastasis model, we further show that HMVECs treated with TiO2 NPs followed by Ang1 could reduce migration of human skin cancer A431 cells across the endothelial barrier. In summary, Ang1 plays important roles in promoting the recovery of endothelial cell leakiness and endothelial stability through a mechano-transduction pathway and shows great potential as key modulator that allows material scientist to regulate endothelial leakiness induced by NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kai Tee
- a NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore.,b Department of Pharmacy , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Magdiel Inggrid Setyawati
- c Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Fei Peng
- b Department of Pharmacy , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore.,c Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
| | - David Tai Leong
- a NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore.,c Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Han Kiat Ho
- a NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore.,b Department of Pharmacy , National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
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Choudhury TP, Gupta L, Kumar S. Identification, characterization and expression analysis of Anopheles stephensi double peroxidase. Acta Trop 2019; 190:210-219. [PMID: 30352205 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidases catalyze the reduction of peroxides and that, in turn, oxidize various substrates. They have been widely reported to play an important role in mosquito innate immunity against various pathogens. Here, we have characterized double heme peroxidase (AsDBLOX) gene from the Indian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi. It is a true ortholog of An. gambiae DBLOX. This 4209 bp AsDBLOX gene encodes for a protein of 1402 amino acids that has two duplicated peroxidase domains, domain I (from amino acid 61 to 527) and domain II (from amino acid 714 to 1252). The first domain has only substrate binding sites and lacks all other motifs of a functional heme peroxidase (e.g. heme binding site, calcium binding site and homodimer interface). Instead, it has two integrin binding motifs-LDV (Leu-Asp-Val) and RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp). The second peroxidase domain, however, has all the features of a complete heme peroxidase along with an integrin binding motif LDI (Leu-Asp-Ile). Thus, AsDBLOX gene is a unique type of peroxinectin as these groups of proteins are characterized by integrin binding motifs along with a heme peroxidase domain. We also observed that the AsDBLOX gene is expressed in all the life cycle stages of mosquito and is highly induced in the pupal stage of development which indicates its possible role in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Pal Choudhury
- Molecular Parasitology and Vector Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Lalita Gupta
- Molecular Parasitology and Vector Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India; Department of Zoology, Ch. Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Molecular Parasitology and Vector Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India; Department of Biotechnology, Ch. Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, India.
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Platelet TGF-β1 deficiency decreases liver fibrosis in a mouse model of liver injury. Blood Adv 2019; 2:470-480. [PMID: 29490978 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017010868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a primary role in liver fibrosis, but the source of TGF-β1 is unclear. Because platelets are rich in TGF-β1, we examined the role of platelet TGF-β1 in liver fibrosis by challenging wild-type (WT) mice and mice deficient in platelet TGF-β1 (PF4CreTgfb1f/f) with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), an inducer of acute hepatic injury and chronic fibrosis. CCl4 elicited equivalent hepatic injury in WT and PF4CreTgfb1f/f mice based on loss of cytochrome P450 (Cyp2e1) expression, observed at 6 hours and peaking at 3 days after CCl4 challenge; PF4CreTgfb1f/f mice exhibited less liver fibrosis than control mice. Activated platelets were observed during acute liver injury (6 hours), and WT mice with transient platelet depletion (thrombocytopenia) were partially protected from developing fibrosis compared with control mice (P = .01), suggesting an association between platelet activation and fibrosis. Transient increases in TGF-β1 levels and Smad2 phosphorylation signaling were observed 6 hours and 3 days, respectively, after CCl4 challenge in WT, but not PF4CreTgfb1f/f , mice, suggesting that increased TGF-β1 levels originated from platelet-released TGF-β1 during the initial injury. Numbers of collagen-producing HSCs and myofibroblasts were higher at 3 days and 36 days, respectively, in WT vs PF4CreTgfb1f/f mice, suggesting that platelet TGF-β1 may have stimulated HSC transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts. Thus, platelet TGF-β1 partially contributes to liver fibrosis, most likely by initiating profibrotic signaling in HSCs and collagen synthesis. Further studies are required to evaluate whether blocking platelet and TGF-β1 activation during acute liver injury prevents liver fibrosis.
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Meng F, Almohanna F, Altuhami A, Assiri AM, Broering D. Vasculature reconstruction of decellularized liver scaffolds via gelatin-based re-endothelialization. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 107:392-402. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanwei Meng
- Department of Comparative Medicine; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
- Organ Transplantation Center; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
| | - Falah Almohanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Altuhami
- Department of Comparative Medicine; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
- Organ Transplantation Center; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M. Assiri
- Department of Comparative Medicine; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, AlFaisal University; Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
- Institute for Research and Medical Consultations; Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University; Dammam, 34212 Saudi Arabia
| | - Dieter Broering
- Organ Transplantation Center; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
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Mercado-Shekhar KP, Kleven RT, Aponte Rivera H, Lewis R, Karani KB, Vos HJ, Abruzzo TA, Haworth KJ, Holland CK. Effect of Clot Stiffness on Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Lytic Susceptibility in Vitro. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:2710-2727. [PMID: 30268531 PMCID: PMC6551517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The lytic recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is the only drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating ischemic stroke. Less than 40% of patients with large vessel occlusions who are treated with rt-PA have improved blood flow. However, up to 6% of all patients receiving rt-PA develop intracerebral hemorrhage. Predicting the efficacy of rt-PA treatment a priori could help guide therapeutic decision making, such that rt-PA is administered only to those individuals who would benefit from this treatment. Clot composition and structure affect the lytic efficacy of rt-PA and have an impact on elasticity. However, the relationship between clot elasticity and rt-PA lytic susceptibility has not been adequately investigated. The goal of this study was to quantify the relationship between clot elasticity and rt-PA susceptibility in vitro. Human and porcine highly retracted and mildly retracted clots were fabricated in glass pipettes. The rt-PA lytic susceptibility was evaluated in vitro using the percent clot mass loss. The Young's moduli of the clots were estimated using ultrasound-based single-track-location shear wave elasticity imaging. The percent mass loss in mildly retracted porcine and human clots (28.9 ± 6.1% and 45.2 ± 7.1%, respectively) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in highly retracted porcine and human clots (10.9 ± 2.1% and 25.5 ± 10.0%, respectively). Furthermore, the Young's moduli of highly retracted porcine and human clots (5.33 ± 0.92 and 3.21 ± 1.97 kPa, respectively) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of mildly retracted porcine and human clots (2.66 ± 0.55 and 0.79 ± 0.21 kPa, respectively). The results revealed an inverse relationship between the percent clot mass loss and Young's modulus. These findings motivate continued investigation of ultrasound-based methods to assess clot stiffness in order to predict rt-PA thrombolytic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla P Mercado-Shekhar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
| | - Robert T Kleven
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hermes Aponte Rivera
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ryden Lewis
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kunal B Karani
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hendrik J Vos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Todd A Abruzzo
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kevin J Haworth
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Christy K Holland
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Finney AC, Orr AW. Guidance Molecules in Vascular Smooth Muscle. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1311. [PMID: 30283356 PMCID: PMC6157320 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several highly conserved families of guidance molecules, including ephrins, Semaphorins, Netrins, and Slits, play conserved and distinct roles in tissue remodeling during tissue patterning and disease pathogenesis. Primarily, these guidance molecules function as either secreted or surface-bound ligands that interact with their receptors to activate a variety of downstream effects, including cell contractility, migration, adhesion, proliferation, and inflammation. Vascular smooth muscle cells, contractile cells comprising the medial layer of the vessel wall and deriving from the mural population, regulate vascular tone and blood pressure. While capillaries lack a medial layer of vascular smooth muscle, mural-derived pericytes contribute similarly to capillary tone to regulate blood flow in various tissues. Furthermore, pericyte coverage is critical in vascular development, as perturbations disrupt vascular permeability and viability. During cardiovascular disease, smooth muscle cells play a more dynamic role in which suppression of contractile markers, enhanced proliferation, and migration lead to the progression of aberrant vascular remodeling. Since many types of guidance molecules are expressed in vascular smooth muscle and pericytes, these may contribute to blood vessel formation and aberrant remodeling during vascular disease. While vascular development is a large focus of the existing literature, studies emerged to address post-developmental roles for guidance molecules in pathology and are of interest as novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we will discuss the roles of guidance molecules in vascular smooth muscle and pericyte function in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Christine Finney
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Anthony Wayne Orr
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Translational Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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Design and Utility of a Point-of-Care Microfluidic Platform to Assess Hematocrit and Blood Coagulation. Cell Mol Bioeng 2018; 11:519-529. [PMID: 31105798 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-018-0541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose— To develop a small volume whole blood analyzer capable of measuring the hematocrit and coagulation kinetics of whole blood. Methods and Results— A co-planar microfluidic chamber designed to facilitate self-driven capillary action across an internal electrical chip was developed and used to measure the electric parameters of whole human blood that had been anticoagulated or allowed to clot. To promote blood clotting, select chip surfaces were coated with a prothrombin time (PT) reagent containing lipidated tissue factor (TF), which activates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation to promote thrombin generation and fibrin formation. Whole human blood was added to the microfluidic device, and voltage changes within the platform were measured and interpreted using basic resistor-capacitor (RC) circuit and fluid dynamics theory. Upon wetting of the sensing zone, a circuit between two co-planar electrodes within the sensing zone was closed to generate a rapid voltage drop from baseline. The voltage then rose due to sedimentation of red blood cells (RBC) in the sensing zone. For anticoagulated blood samples, the time for the voltage to return to baseline was dependent on hematocrit. In the presence of coagulation, the initiation of fibrin formation in the presence of the PT reagent prevented the return of voltage to baseline due to the reduced packing of RBCs in the sensing zone. Conclusions— The technology presented in this study has potential for monitoring the hematocrit and coagulation parameters of patient samples using a small volume of whole blood, suggesting it may hold clinical utility as a point-of-care test.
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Salamanna F, Borsari V, Contartese D, Nicoli Aldini N, Fini M. Link between estrogen deficiency osteoporosis and susceptibility to bone metastases: A way towards precision medicine in cancer patients. Breast 2018; 41:42-50. [PMID: 30007267 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Different fields of cancer management consider bone health to be of increasing clinical importance for patients: 1) presence of bone metastases in many solid tumors, 2) use of bone-targeted treatments in the reduction of bone metastasis, 3) effects of cancer treatment on reproductive hormones, critical for normal bone remodeling maintenance. Additionally, bone microenvironment is further complicated by the decline of ovarian sex steroid production and by the related increase in inflammatory factors linked to menopause, which result in accelerated bone loss and increased risk of osteoporosis (OP). Similarly, cancers and metastasis to bone showed a close relationship with sex hormones (particularly estrogen). Thus, these findings raise a question: Could pre-existing estrogen deficiency OP promote and/or influence cancer cell homing and tumor growth in bone? Although some preclinical and clinical evidence exists, it is mandatory to understand this aspect that would be relevant in the clinical theatre, where physicians need to understand the treatments available to reduce the risk of skeletal disease in cancer patients. This descriptive systematic review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies dealing with bimodal interactions between pre-existing estrogen deficiency OP and bone metastasis development and provides evidence supporting differences in tumor growth and colonization between healthy and OP status. Few studies evaluated the impact of estrogen deficiency OP on the susceptibility to bone metastases. Therefore, implementing biological knowledge, could help researchers and clinicians to have a better comprehension of the importance of pre- and post-menopausal bone microenvironment and its clinical implications for precision medicine in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Salamanna
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - V Borsari
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy.
| | - D Contartese
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - N Nicoli Aldini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - M Fini
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Technology Innovation, Rizzoli RIT Department, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna, 40136, Italy
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80
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Blood coagulation and aortic wall integrity in rats with obesity-induced insulin resistance. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj90.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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81
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Arthur JF, Gardiner EE, Andrews RK, Al-Tamimi M. Focusing on plasma glycoprotein VI. Thromb Haemost 2017; 107:648-55. [DOI: 10.1160/th11-10-0745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SummaryNew methods for analysing both platelet and plasma forms of the platelet-specific collagen receptor, glycoprotein VI (GPVI) in experimental models or human clinical samples, and the development of the first therapeutic compounds based on dimeric soluble GPVI-Fc or anti-GPVI antibody-based constructs, coincide with increased understanding of the potential pathophysiological role of GPVI ligand binding and shedding. Platelet GPVI not only mediates platelet activation at the site of vascular injury where collagen is exposed, but is also implicated in the pathogenesis of other diseases, such as atherosclerosis and coagulopathy, rheumatoid arthritis and tumour metastasis. Here, we describe some of the critical mechanisms for generating soluble GPVI from platelets, and future avenues for exploiting this unique platelet-specific receptor for diagnosis and/or disease prevention.
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82
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Kamińska A, Enguita FJ, Stępień EŁ. Lactadherin: An unappreciated haemostasis regulator and potential therapeutic agent. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 101:21-28. [PMID: 29169950 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lactadherin is a small (53-66kDa) multifunctional glycoprotein belonging to the secreted extracellular matrix protein family. It has a multi-domain structure and is involved in many biological and physiological processes, including phagocytosis, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, tissue remodeling, and haemostasis regulation. Lactadherin binds phosphatidylserine (PS)-enriched cell surfaces in a receptor-independent manner. Interaction between lactadherin and PS is crucial for regulation of blood coagulation processes. This review summarizes recent knowledge on the possible role of lactadherin in haemostasis control, emphasizing the great significance of the interaction between lactadherin and PS expressed on activated platelets and extracellular vesicles. The possible role of lactadherin as a therapeutic target and biomarker is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kamińska
- Department of Medical Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Prof. Stanisława Łojasiewicza 11 Street, Kraków 30-348, Poland.
| | - Francisco J Enguita
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal.
| | - Ewa Ł Stępień
- Department of Medical Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Prof. Stanisława Łojasiewicza 11 Street, Kraków 30-348, Poland.
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Platelet Integrins in Tumor Metastasis: Do They Represent a Therapeutic Target? Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9100133. [PMID: 28956830 PMCID: PMC5664072 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleated cell fragments that ensure the arrest of bleeding after a vessel wall injury. They are also involved in non-hemostatic function such as development, immunity, inflammation, and in the hematogeneous phase of metastasis. While the role of platelets in tumor metastasis has been recognized for 60 years, the molecular mechanism underlying this process remains largely unclear. Platelets physically and functionally interact with various tumor cells through surface receptors including integrins. Platelets express five integrins at their surface, namely α2β1, α5β1, α6β1, αvβ3, and αIIbβ3, which bind preferentially to collagen, fibronectin, laminin, vitronectin, and fibrinogen, respectively. The main role of platelet integrins is to ensure platelet adhesion and aggregation at sites of vascular injury. Two of these, α6β1 and αIIbβ3, were proposed to participate in platelet–tumor cell interaction and in tumor metastasis. It has also been reported that pharmacological agents targeting both integrins efficiently reduce experimental metastasis, suggesting that platelet integrins may represent new anti-metastatic targets. This review focuses on the role of platelet integrins in tumor metastasis and discusses whether these receptors may represent new potential targets for novel anti-metastatic approaches.
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84
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Liu T, Wang X, Tang X, Gong T, Ye W, Pan C, Ding H, Luo X, Li X, Wang QM. Surface Modification with ECM-Inspired SDF-1α/Laminin-Loaded Nanocoating for Vascular Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:30373-30386. [PMID: 28816035 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Surface biomimetic modification with extra-cellular matrix (ECM)-derived biomolecules is an emerging potential method of accelerating the healing of vascular stent lesions. However, insufficient capacity of the constructed biofunctional layer in maintaining its long-term efficiency and preventing thrombus and neointimal hyperplasia continue to be major limitations in clinical application. On the basis of the structure and function of ECM, in this study, we constructed a novel stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)/laminin-loaded nanocoating on the 316L stainless steel (SS) surface to provide improved function in modulation of vascular remodeling. The modified surface was found to control delivery of biomolecules and exhibit promising potential to provide stage-adjusted treatment after injury. An in vitro biocompatibility study suggested that the constructed layer may effectively prevent thrombosis formation by inhibiting platelet adhesion and activation, while accelerating endothelium regeneration by inducing endothelial cell (EC) migration and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) aggregation. An in vivo animal test further demonstrated that the nanocoating may prevent thrombus and neointimal hyperplasia after implantation for 3 months. Therefore, the ECM-inspired nanocoating described in this study is a promising novel approach for vascular stent surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an 223003, China
- Stroke Biological Recovery Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Xin Wang
- Stroke Biological Recovery Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Department of Rehabilitation, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital , Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaohan Tang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Changjiang Pan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Hongyan Ding
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices, Huaiyin Institute of Technology , Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Xun Luo
- Kerry Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute , Shenzhen 518048, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College , Huai'an 223002, China
| | - Qing Mei Wang
- Stroke Biological Recovery Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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Mondal NK, Chen Z, Trivedi JR, Sorensen EN, Pham SM, Slaughter MS, Griffith BP, Wu ZJ. Oxidative stress induced modulation of platelet integrin α2bβ3 expression and shedding may predict the risk of major bleeding in heart failure patients supported by continuous flow left ventricular assist devices. Thromb Res 2017; 158:140-148. [PMID: 28915447 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress and platelet integrin α2bβ3 plays important role in the process of hemostasis and thrombosis. We hypothesized that device-induced patient specific oxidative stress and integrin α2bβ3 shedding may be linked to major bleeding complication (MBC) in heart failure (HF) patients supported by continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (CF-LVADs). MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 47patients implanted with CF-LVADs and 15 healthy volunteers. Fourteen patients developed MBC (bleeder group) within one month after implantation while others were considered non-bleeder group (n=33). Oxidative stresses were evaluated by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) in platelets, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Assessments of α2bβ3 were carried out using flow cytometry and ELISA. RESULTS Biomarkers of oxidative stress and α2bβ3 shedding (decreased surface expression and higher plasma levels) were found to be preexisting condition in all HF patients prior to CF-LVAD implantation compared to the healthy volunteers. Significantly elevated levels of ROS and oxLDL; concomitant depletion of SOD and TAC; and α2bβ3 shedding were observed in the bleeder group temporarily in comparison to the non-bleeder group after CF-LVAD implantation. A significantly strong association between α2bβ3 shedding and biomarkers of oxidative stress was observed; suggesting a potential role of oxidative stress in platelet integrin shedding leading to MBC after CF-LVAD implantation. Moreover, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the likelihood of MBC data from Integrin α2bβ3 shedding had a predictive power of MBC in CF-LVAD patients. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress might play a potential role in accelerating α2bβ3 shedding and platelet dysfunction, resulting in MBC in CF-LVAD patients. Integrin α2bβ3 shedding may be used to refine bleeding risk stratification in CF-LVAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandan K Mondal
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States; Department of Surgery, Artificial Organs Laboratory, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zengsheng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States; Department of Surgery, Artificial Organs Laboratory, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jaimin R Trivedi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Erik N Sorensen
- Department of Clinical Engineering, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Si M Pham
- Department of Surgery, Artificial Organs Laboratory, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mark S Slaughter
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Bartley P Griffith
- Department of Surgery, Artificial Organs Laboratory, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhongjun J Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States; Department of Surgery, Artificial Organs Laboratory, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Naba A, Pearce OMT, Rosario AD, Ma D, Ding H, Rajeeve V, Cutillas PR, Balkwill FR, Hynes RO. Characterization of the Extracellular Matrix of Normal and Diseased Tissues Using Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:3083-3091. [PMID: 28675934 PMCID: PMC8078728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex meshwork of insoluble fibrillar proteins and signaling factors interacting together to provide architectural and instructional cues to the surrounding cells. Alterations in ECM organization or composition and excessive ECM deposition have been observed in diseases such as fibrosis, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. We provide here optimized protocols to solubilize ECM proteins from normal or tumor tissues, digest the proteins into peptides, analyze ECM peptides by mass spectrometry, and interpret the mass spectrometric data. In addition, we present here two novel R-script-based web tools allowing rapid annotation and relative quantification of ECM proteins, peptides, and intensity/abundance in mass spectrometric data output files. We illustrate this protocol with ECMs obtained from two pairs of tissues, which differ in ECM content and cellularity: triple-negative breast cancer and adjacent mammary tissue, and omental metastasis from high-grade serous ovarian cancer and normal omentum. The complete proteomics data set generated in this study has been deposited to the public repository ProteomeXchange with the data set identifier: PXD005554.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Naba
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Oliver M. T. Pearce
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Del Rosario
- Proteomics Core Facility, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Duanduan Ma
- Bioinformatics and Computing Facility, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Huiming Ding
- Bioinformatics and Computing Facility, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vinothini Rajeeve
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro R. Cutillas
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Frances R. Balkwill
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O. Hynes
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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87
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Höök P, Brito-Robinson T, Kim O, Narciso C, Goodson HV, Weisel JW, Alber MS, Zartman JJ. Whole blood clot optical clearing for nondestructive 3D imaging and quantitative analysis. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:3671-3686. [PMID: 28856043 PMCID: PMC5560833 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.003671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A technological revolution in both light and electron microscopy imaging now allows unprecedented views of clotting, especially in animal models of hemostasis and thrombosis. However, our understanding of three-dimensional high-resolution clot structure remains incomplete since most of our recent knowledge has come from studies of relatively small clots or thrombi, due to the optical impenetrability of clots beyond a few cell layers in depth. Here, we developed an optimized optical clearing method termed cCLOT that renders large whole blood clots transparent and allows confocal imaging as deep as one millimeter inside the clot. We have tested this method by investigating the 3D structure of clots made from reconstituted pre-labeled blood components yielding new information about the effects of clot contraction on erythrocytes. Although it has been shown recently that erythrocytes are compressed to form polyhedrocytes during clot contraction, observations of this phenomenon have been impeded by the inability to easily image inside clots. As an efficient and non-destructive method, cCLOT represents a powerful research tool in studying blood clot structure and mechanisms controlling clot morphology. Additionally, cCLOT optical clearing has the potential to facilitate imaging of ex vivo clots and thrombi derived from healthy or pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Höök
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Current address: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Co-first authors
| | - Teresa Brito-Robinson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Co-first authors
| | - Oleg Kim
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, IN 46617, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Cody Narciso
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Holly V Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - John W Weisel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Co-corresponding authors
| | - Mark S Alber
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Co-corresponding authors
| | - Jeremiah J Zartman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Co-corresponding authors
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88
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Ibrahim M, Richardson MK. Beyond organoids: In vitro vasculogenesis and angiogenesis using cells from mammals and zebrafish. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 73:292-311. [PMID: 28697965 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The ability to culture complex organs is currently an important goal in biomedical research. It is possible to grow organoids (3D organ-like structures) in vitro; however, a major limitation of organoids, and other 3D culture systems, is the lack of a vascular network. Protocols developed for establishing in vitro vascular networks typically use human or rodent cells. A major technical challenge is the culture of functional (perfused) networks. In this rapidly advancing field, some microfluidic devices are now getting close to the goal of an artificially perfused vascular network. Another development is the emergence of the zebrafish as a complementary model to mammals. In this review, we discuss the culture of endothelial cells and vascular networks from mammalian cells, and examine the prospects for using zebrafish cells for this objective. We also look into the future and consider how vascular networks in vitro might be successfully perfused using microfluidic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ibrahim
- Animal Science and Health Cluster, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Michael K Richardson
- Animal Science and Health Cluster, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
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89
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Martí-Pàmies I, Cañes L, Alonso J, Rodríguez C, Martínez-González J. The nuclear receptor NOR-1/NR4A3 regulates the multifunctional glycoprotein vitronectin in human vascular smooth muscle cells. FASEB J 2017; 31:4588-4599. [PMID: 28666984 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700136rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor NOR-1 (NR4A3) has recently been involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins associated with neointimal thickening and the vascular control of hemostasis. We sought to find as-yet unidentified NOR-1 target genes in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). An in silico analysis identified putative NOR-1 response elements in the proximal promoter region of several genes encoding for ECM proteins, including vitronectin (VTN). Lentiviral overexpression of NOR-1 strongly increased VTN mRNA and protein levels, whereas NOR-1 silencing significantly reduced VTN expression. Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis studies, as well as EMSA and chromatin immunoprecipitation, identified the NBRE(-202/-195) site in the VTN promoter as an essential element for NOR-1 responsiveness. Furthermore, NOR-1 and VTN colocalized in VSMCs in human atherosclerotic lesions. VTN levels were increased in cell supernatants from VSMCs that overexpress NOR-1. Cell supernatants from VSMCs overexpressing NOR-1 induced cell migration to a greater extent than supernatants from control cells, and this effect was attenuated when cell supernatants were preincubated with anti-VTN blocking antibodies or VTN was silenced in supernatant-generating cells. These results indicate that VTN is a target of NOR-1 and suggest that this multifunctional glycoprotein may participate in vascular responses mediated by this nuclear receptor.-Martí-Pàmies, I., Cañes, L., Alonso, J., Rodríguez, C., Martínez-González, J. The nuclear receptor NOR-1/NR4A3 regulates the multifunctional glycoprotein vitronectin in human vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Martí-Pàmies
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laia Cañes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Alonso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Català de Ciències Cardiovasculars (ICCC), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
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90
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Zilberman-Rudenko J, Sylman JL, Garland KS, Puy C, Wong AD, Searson PC, McCarty OJT. Utility of microfluidic devices to study the platelet-endothelium interface. Platelets 2017; 28:449-456. [PMID: 28358586 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1280600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The integration of biomaterials and understanding of vascular biology has led to the development of perfusable endothelialized flow models, which have been used as valuable tools to study the platelet-endothelium interface under shear. In these models, the parameters of geometry, compliance, biorheology, and cellular complexity are varied to recapitulate the physical biology of platelet recruitment and activation under physiologically relevant conditions of blood flow. In this review, we summarize the mechanistic insights learned from perfusable microvessel models and discuss the potential utility as well as challenges of endothelialized microfluidic devices to study platelet function in the bloodstream in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jevgenia Zilberman-Rudenko
- a Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Joanna L Sylman
- a Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Kathleen S Garland
- a Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , OR , USA.,c Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Cristina Puy
- a Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , OR , USA
| | - Andrew D Wong
- b Institute for Nanobiotechnology (INBT) , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA.,d Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Peter C Searson
- b Institute for Nanobiotechnology (INBT) , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA.,d Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- a Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine , Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , OR , USA.,c Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , Oregon Health and Science University , Portland , OR , USA
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91
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Ferluga J, Kouser L, Murugaiah V, Sim RB, Kishore U. Potential influences of complement factor H in autoimmune inflammatory and thrombotic disorders. Mol Immunol 2017; 84:84-106. [PMID: 28216098 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Complement system homeostasis is important for host self-protection and anti-microbial immune surveillance, and recent research indicates roles in tissue development and remodelling. Complement also appears to have several points of interaction with the blood coagulation system. Deficiency and altered function due to gene mutations and polymorphisms in complement effectors and regulators, including Factor H, have been associated with familial and sporadic autoimmune inflammatory - thrombotic disorders, in which autoantibodies play a part. These include systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome, anti-phospholipid syndrome and age-related macular degeneration. Such diseases are generally complex - multigenic and heterogeneous in their symptoms and predisposition/susceptibility. They usually need to be triggered by vascular trauma, drugs or infection and non-complement genetic factors also play a part. Underlying events seem to include decline in peripheral regulatory T cells, dendritic cell, and B cell tolerance, associated with alterations in lymphoid organ microenvironment. Factor H is an abundant protein, synthesised in many cell types, and its reported binding to many different ligands, even if not of high affinity, may influence a large number of molecular interactions, together with the accepted role of Factor H within the complement system. Factor H is involved in mesenchymal stem cell mediated tolerance and also contributes to self-tolerance by augmenting iC3b production and opsonisation of apoptotic cells for their silent dendritic cell engulfment via complement receptor CR3, which mediates anti-inflammatory-tolerogenic effects in the apoptotic cell context. There may be co-operation with other phagocytic receptors, such as complement C1q receptors, and the Tim glycoprotein family, which specifically bind phosphatidylserine expressed on the apoptotic cell surface. Factor H is able to discriminate between self and nonself surfaces for self-protection and anti-microbe defence. Factor H, particularly as an abundant platelet protein, may also modulate blood coagulation, having an anti-thrombotic role. Here, we review a number of interaction pathways in coagulation and in immunity, together with associated diseases, and indicate where Factor H may be expected to exert an influence, based on reports of the diversity of ligands for Factor H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janez Ferluga
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Lubna Kouser
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Valarmathy Murugaiah
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Robert B Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom.
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92
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Leiva O, Ng SK, Chitalia S, Balduini A, Matsuura S, Ravid K. The role of the extracellular matrix in primary myelofibrosis. Blood Cancer J 2017; 7:e525. [PMID: 28157219 PMCID: PMC5386340 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2017.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that arises from clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and leads to progressive bone marrow (BM) fibrosis. While cellular mutations involved in the development of PMF have been heavily investigated, noteworthy is the important role the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays in the progression of BM fibrosis. This review surveys ECM proteins contributors of PMF, and highlights how better understanding of the control of the ECM within the BM niche may lead to combined therapeutic options in PMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Leiva
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S K Ng
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Chitalia
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Matsuura
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Ravid
- Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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93
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Xu XR, Zhang D, Oswald BE, Carrim N, Wang X, Hou Y, Zhang Q, Lavalle C, McKeown T, Marshall AH, Ni H. Platelets are versatile cells: New discoveries in hemostasis, thrombosis, immune responses, tumor metastasis and beyond. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2016; 53:409-30. [PMID: 27282765 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2016.1200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleate blood cells generated from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and cleared in the reticuloendothelial system. At the site of vascular injury, platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation constitute the first wave of hemostasis. Blood coagulation, which is initiated by the intrinsic or extrinsic coagulation cascades, is the second wave of hemostasis. Activated platelets can also provide negatively-charged surfaces that harbor coagulation factors and markedly potentiate cell-based thrombin generation. Recently, deposition of plasma fibronectin, and likely other plasma proteins, onto the injured vessel wall has been identified as a new "protein wave of hemostasis" that may occur even earlier than the first wave of hemostasis, platelet accumulation. Although no experimental evidence currently exists, it is conceivable that platelets may also contribute to this protein wave of hemostasis by releasing their granule fibronectin and other proteins that may facilitate fibronectin self- and non-self-assembly on the vessel wall. Thus, platelets may contribute to all three waves of hemostasis and are central players in this critical physiological process to prevent bleeding. Low platelet counts in blood caused by enhanced platelet clearance and/or impaired platelet production are usually associated with hemorrhage. Auto- and allo-immune thrombocytopenias such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia may cause life-threatening bleeding such as intracranial hemorrhage. When triggered under pathological conditions such as rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, excessive platelet activation and aggregation may result in thrombosis and vessel occlusion. This may lead to myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke, the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Platelets are also involved in deep vein thrombosis and thromboembolism, another leading cause of mortality. Although fibrinogen has been documented for more than half a century as essential for platelet aggregation, recent studies demonstrated that fibrinogen-independent platelet aggregation occurs in both gene deficient animals and human patients under physiological and pathological conditions (non-anti-coagulated blood). This indicates that other unidentified platelet ligands may play important roles in thrombosis and might be novel antithrombotic targets. In addition to their critical roles in hemostasis and thrombosis, emerging evidence indicates that platelets are versatile cells involved in many other pathophysiological processes such as innate and adaptive immune responses, atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, lymphatic vessel development, liver regeneration and tumor metastasis. This review summarizes the current knowledge of platelet biology, highlights recent advances in the understanding of platelet production and clearance, molecular and cellular events of thrombosis and hemostasis, and introduces the emerging roles of platelets in the immune system, vascular biology and tumorigenesis. The clinical implications of these basic science and translational research findings will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Ruby Xu
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada .,b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada .,c Department of Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , Guangdong , P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada .,c Department of Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , Guangdong , P.R. China
| | - Brigitta Elaine Oswald
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada .,d Canadian Blood Services , Toronto , ON , Canada .,e Department of Physiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Naadiya Carrim
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada .,b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada .,d Canadian Blood Services , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada .,f The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi , P.R. China
| | - Yan Hou
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada .,g Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control , Changchun , Jilin , P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada .,h State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , P.R. China , and
| | - Christopher Lavalle
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada .,e Department of Physiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Thomas McKeown
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Alexandra H Marshall
- b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Heyu Ni
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada .,b Department of Laboratory Medicine , Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada .,d Canadian Blood Services , Toronto , ON , Canada .,e Department of Physiology , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada .,i Department of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
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94
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Zhao J, Mitrofan CG, Appleby SL, Morrell NW, Lever AML. Disrupted Endothelial Cell Layer and Exposed Extracellular Matrix Proteins Promote Capture of Late Outgrowth Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:1406304. [PMID: 27413378 PMCID: PMC4927957 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1406304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells (LO-EPC) possess a high proliferative potential, differentiate into vascular endothelial cells (EC), and form networks, suggesting they play a role in vascular repair. However, due to their scarcity in the circulation there is a requirement for ex vivo expansion before they could provide a practical cell therapy and it is currently unclear if they would home and engraft to an injury site. Using an in vitro flow system we studied LO-EPC under simulated injury conditions including EC activation, ischaemia, disrupted EC integrity, and exposed basement membrane. Perfused LO-EPC adhered to discontinuous EC paracellularly at junctional regions between adjacent cells under shear stress 0.7 dyn/cm(2). The interaction was not adhesion molecule-dependent and not enhanced by EC activation. LO-EPC expressed high levels of the VE-Cadherin which may explain these findings. Ischaemia reperfusion injury decreased the interaction with LO-EPC due to cell retraction. LO-EPC interacted with exposed extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, fibronectin and vitronectin. The interaction was mediated by integrins α5β3, αvβ1, and αvβ3. This study has demonstrated that an injured local environment presents sufficient adhesive signals to capture flow perfused LO-EPC in vitro and that LO-EPC have properties consistent with their potential role in vascular repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Sarah L. Appleby
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nicholas W. Morrell
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrew M. L. Lever
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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95
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96
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Rossi E, Smadja DM, Boscolo E, Langa C, Arevalo MA, Pericacho M, Gamella-Pozuelo L, Kauskot A, Botella LM, Gaussem P, Bischoff J, Lopez-Novoa JM, Bernabeu C. Endoglin regulates mural cell adhesion in the circulatory system. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1715-39. [PMID: 26646071 PMCID: PMC4805714 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The circulatory system is walled off by different cell types, including vascular mural cells and podocytes. The interaction and interplay between endothelial cells (ECs) and mural cells, such as vascular smooth muscle cells or pericytes, play a pivotal role in vascular biology. Endoglin is an RGD-containing counter-receptor for β1 integrins and is highly expressed by ECs during angiogenesis. We find that the adhesion between vascular ECs and mural cells is enhanced by integrin activators and inhibited upon suppression of membrane endoglin or β1-integrin, as well as by addition of soluble endoglin (SolEng), anti-integrin α5β1 antibody or an RGD peptide. Analysis of different endoglin mutants, allowed the mapping of the endoglin RGD motif as involved in the adhesion process. In Eng (+/-) mice, a model for hereditary hemorrhagic telangectasia type 1, endoglin haploinsufficiency induces a pericyte-dependent increase in vascular permeability. Also, transgenic mice overexpressing SolEng, an animal model for preeclampsia, show podocyturia, suggesting that SolEng is responsible for podocytes detachment from glomerular capillaries. These results suggest a critical role for endoglin in integrin-mediated adhesion of mural cells and provide a better understanding on the mechanisms of vessel maturation in normal physiology as well as in pathologies such as preeclampsia or hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Cell Adhesion/physiology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endoglin
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Female
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Integrin beta1/genetics
- Jurkat Cells
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Pericytes/metabolism
- Podocytes/metabolism
- Pre-Eclampsia/genetics
- Pre-Eclampsia/pathology
- Pregnancy
- Protein Binding
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Retina/metabolism
- Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic/genetics
- Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rossi
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
- Hematology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - David M Smadja
- Hematology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Boscolo
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Carmen Langa
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Arevalo
- Departamento de Anatomía e Histología Humanas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Pericacho
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Unidad de Fisiopatología Renal y Cardiovascular, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Gamella-Pozuelo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Unidad de Fisiopatología Renal y Cardiovascular, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alexandre Kauskot
- Inserm UMR-S1176, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France
- Université Paris Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Luisa M Botella
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pascale Gaussem
- Hematology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Inserm UMR-S1140, Paris, France
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - José M Lopez-Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007, Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Unidad de Fisiopatología Renal y Cardiovascular, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmelo Bernabeu
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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97
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Hou Y, Carrim N, Wang Y, Gallant RC, Marshall A, Ni H. Platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis: Novel mechanisms of fibrinogen-independent platelet aggregation and fibronectin-mediated protein wave of hemostasis. J Biomed Res 2015; 29:437. [PMID: 26541706 PMCID: PMC4662204 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.29.20150121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleate cells generated from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Although platelet generation, maturation, and clearance are still not fully understood, significant progress has been made in the last 1-2 decades. In blood circulation, platelets can quickly adhere and aggregate at sites of vascular injury, forming the platelet plug (i.e. the first wave of hemostasis). Activated platelets can also provide negatively charged phosphatidylserinerich membrane surface that enhances cell-based thrombin generation, which facilitates blood coagulation (i.e. the second wave of hemostasis). Platelets therefore play central roles in hemostasis. However, the same process of hemostasis may also cause thrombosis and vessel occlusion, which are the most common mechanisms leading to heart attack and stroke following ruptured atherosclerotic lesions. In this review, we will introduce the classical mechanisms and newly discovered pathways of platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis, including fibrinogen-independent platelet aggregation and thrombosis, and the plasma fibronectin-mediated "protein wave" of hemostasis that precedes the classical first wave of hemostasis. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the roles of platelets in inflammation and atherosclerosis and the potential strategies to control atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
- Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, Jilin, 130062 China
| | - Naadiya Carrim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Reid C Gallant
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Alexandra Marshall
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heyu Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Medicine and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada.
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98
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The fibronectin-binding protein EfbA contributes to pathogenesis and protects against infective endocarditis caused by Enterococcus faecalis. Infect Immun 2015; 83:4487-94. [PMID: 26351286 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00884-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
EfbA is a PavA-like fibronectin adhesin of Enterococcus faecalis previously shown to be important in experimental urinary tract infection. Here, we expressed and purified the E. faecalis OG1RF EfbA and confirmed that this protein binds with high affinity to immobilized fibronectin, collagen I, and collagen V. We constructed an efbA deletion mutant and demonstrated that its virulence was significantly attenuated (P < 0.0006) versus the wild type in a mixed inoculum rat endocarditis model. Furthermore, efbA deletion resulted in diminished ability to bind fibronectin (P < 0.0001) and reduced biofilm (P < 0.001). Reintroduction of efbA into the original chromosomal location restored virulence, adherence to fibronectin, and biofilm formation to wild-type levels. Finally, vaccination of rats with purified recombinant EfbA protein protected against OG1RF endocarditis (P = 0.008 versus control). Taken together, our results demonstrate that EfbA is an important factor involved in E. faecalis endocarditis and that rEfbA immunization is effective in preventing such infection, likely by interfering with bacterial adherence.
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99
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Boudejltia KZ, Ribeiro de Sousa D, Uzureau P, Yourassowsky C, Perez-Morga D, Courbebaisse G, Chopard B, Dubois F. Quantitative analysis of platelets aggregates in 3D by digital holographic microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:3556-63. [PMID: 26417523 PMCID: PMC4574679 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.003556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Platelet spreading and retraction play a pivotal role in the platelet plugging and the thrombus formation. In routine laboratory, platelet function tests include exhaustive information about the role of the different receptors present at the platelet surface without information on the 3D structure of platelet aggregates. In this work, we develop, a method in Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) to characterize the platelet and aggregate 3D shapes using the quantitative phase contrast imaging. This novel method is suited to the study of platelets physiology in clinical practice as well as the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Zouaoui Boudejltia
- Laboratoire de Médecine Expérimentale (ULB 222 Unit), Medicine Faculty, Université libre de Bruxelles, CHU de Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Daniel Ribeiro de Sousa
- Laboratoire de Médecine Expérimentale (ULB 222 Unit), Medicine Faculty, Université libre de Bruxelles, CHU de Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Pierrick Uzureau
- Laboratoire de Médecine Expérimentale (ULB 222 Unit), Medicine Faculty, Université libre de Bruxelles, CHU de Charleroi, Belgium
| | | | - David Perez-Morga
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Guy Courbebaisse
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1044, UCB Lyon1, INSA Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bastien Chopard
- Informatic Department, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frank Dubois
- Microgravity Research Centre, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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100
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Sylman JL, Artzer DT, Rana K, Neeves KB. A vascular injury model using focal heat-induced activation of endothelial cells. Integr Biol (Camb) 2015; 7:801-14. [PMID: 26087748 PMCID: PMC4494879 DOI: 10.1039/c5ib00108k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (EC) both inhibit and promote platelet function depending on their activation state. Quiescent EC inhibit platelet activation by constitutive secretion of platelet inhibitors. Activated EC promote platelet adhesion by secretion of von Willebrand factor (vWF). EC also secrete an extracellular matrix that support platelet adhesion when exposed following vascular injury. Previous studies of EC-platelet interactions under flow activate entire monolayers of cells by chemical activation. In this study, EC cultured in microfluidic channels were focally activated by heat from an underlying microelectrode. Based on finite element modeling, microelectrodes induced peak temperature increases of 10-40 °C above 37 °C after applying 5-9 V for 30 s resulting in three zones: (1) a quiescent zone corresponded to peak temperatures of less than 15 °C characterized by no EC activation or platelet accumulation. (2) An activation zone corresponding to an increase of 16-22 °C yielded EC that were viable, secreted elevated levels of vWF, and were P-selectin positive. Platelets accumulated in the retracted spaces between EC in the activation zone at a wall shear rate of 150 and 1500 s(-1). Experiments with blocking antibodies show that platelets adhere via GPIbα-vWF and α6β1-laminin interactions. (3) A kill zone corresponded to peak temperatures of greater than 23 °C where EC were not viable and did not support platelet adhesion. These data define heating conditions for the activation of EC, causing the secretion of vWF and the exposure of a subendothelial matrix that support platelet adhesion and aggregation. This model provides for spatially defined zones of EC activation that could be a useful tool for measuring the relative roles of anti- and prothrombotic roles of EC at the site of vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Sylman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
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