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Baykov IK, Tikunov AY, Babkin IV, Fedorets VA, Zhirakovskaia EV, Tikunova NV. Tentaclins-A Novel Family of Phage Receptor-Binding Proteins That Can Be Hypermutated by DGR Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17324. [PMID: 38139153 PMCID: PMC10743442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs) are prokaryotic systems providing rapid modification and adaptation of target proteins. In phages, the main targets of DGRs are receptor-binding proteins that are usually parts of tail structures and the variability of such host-recognizing structures enables phage adaptation to changes on the bacterial host surface. Sometimes, more than one target gene containing a hypermutated variable repeat (VR) can be found in phage DGRs. The role of mutagenesis of two functionally different genes is unclear. In this study, several phage genomes that contain DGRs with two target genes were found in the gut virome of healthy volunteers. Bioinformatics analysis of these genes indicated that they encode proteins with different topology; however, both proteins contain the C-type lectin (C-lec) domain with a hypermutated beta-hairpin on its surface. One of the target proteins belongs to a new family of proteins with a specific topology: N-terminal C-lec domain followed by one or more immunoglobulin domains. Proteins from the new family were named tentaclins after TENTACLe + proteIN. The genes encoding such proteins were found in the genomes of prophages and phages from the gut metagenomes. We hypothesized that tentaclins are involved in binding either to bacterial receptors or intestinal/immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan K. Baykov
- Federal State Public Scientific Institution «Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine», Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Nina V. Tikunova
- Federal State Public Scientific Institution «Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine», Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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52
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Xiang Y, Xu H. Occurrence, formation, and proteins perturbation of disinfection byproducts in indoor air resulting from chlorine disinfection. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 343:140182. [PMID: 37716567 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Increased amounts of chlorine disinfectant have been sprayed to inactivate viruses in the environment since the COVID-19 pandemic, and the health risk from chemicals, especially disinfection byproducts (DBPs), has unintentionally increased. In this study, we characterized the occurrence of haloacetic acids (HAAs) and trihalomethanes (THMs) in indoor air and evaluated their formation potential from typical indoor ingredients. Subsequently, the adverse effect of chloroacetic acid on A549 cells was depicted at the proteomic, transcriptional and silico levels. The results revealed that the total concentrations of HAAs and THMs ranged from 1.46 to 4.20 μg/m3 in ten indoor environments. Both classes of DBPs could be generated during the chlorination of prevalent terpenes by competing reactions, which are associated with the volatile state of indoor ingredients after disinfection. The C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway and cellular senescence were significantly perturbed pathways, which interfered with the development of lung fibrosis. The negative effect was further investigated by molecular docking and transcription, which showed that HAAs can interact with four C-type lectin receptor proteins by hydrogen bonds and inhibit the mRNA expression of related proteins. This study highlights the potential secondary biological risk caused by intensive DBPs generated from chlorination and draws our attention to the potential environmental factors leading to chronic respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangwei Xiang
- Department of Lung Transplantation and Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Huan Xu
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
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Huang Y, Yu XY, Luo P, Jiang FH, Cui LF, Shi Y, Song XR, Zhao Z. Three novel L-type lectins from obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus promote antimicrobial immune response. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 149:105046. [PMID: 37619908 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
L-type lectins (LTLs) have leguminous lectin domains that bind to high-mannose-type oligosaccharides. LTLs are involved in glycoprotein secretory pathways and associated with many immune responses. In the present research, three LTL homologs from obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus, designated as ToVIP36-1, ToVIP36-2, and ToVIP36-3, were first cloned and identified. The open reading frames of ToVIP36-1, ToVIP36-2, and ToVIP36-3 were 1068, 1002, and 1086 bp in length, respectively, and encode polypeptides with 355, 333, and 361 amino acids, respectively. Key conserved residues and functional domains, including lectin_leg-like domain (LTLD), transmembrane region, and C-terminal trafficking signal KRFY, were identified in all ToVIP36s. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the three ToVIP36s were widely expressed in six examined tissues and had relatively high expression levels in the liver and intestine. The expression levels of ToVIP36s were remarkably altered in the liver and kidney after induction by Vibrio harveyi and Staphylococcus aureus. Subsequently, the recombinant LTLDs of ToVIP36s (rToVIP36-LTLDs) were prepared by prokaryotic expression. Three rToVIP36-LTLD proteins agglutinated with S. aureus, V. harveyi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Aeromonas hydrophila in a calcium-dependent manner. In the absence of calcium, rToVIP36-LTLD proteins bound to the bacteria by binding to lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycans, d-mannose, and d-galactose and inhibited the growth of S. aureus and V. harveyi. Our results indicated that ToVIP36s function as pattern-recognition receptors in T. obscurus immunity, providing insights into the role of LTLs in the antibacterial immunity of fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xin-Yue Yu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Peng Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology (LMB), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology (LAMB), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 501301, China; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Fu-Hui Jiang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Li-Fan Cui
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Song
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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54
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Clemente B, Denis M, Silveira CP, Schiavetti F, Brazzoli M, Stranges D. Straight to the point: targeted mRNA-delivery to immune cells for improved vaccine design. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1294929. [PMID: 38090568 PMCID: PMC10711611 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1294929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the deepening of our understanding of adaptive immunity at the cellular and molecular level, targeting antigens directly to immune cells has proven to be a successful strategy to develop innovative and potent vaccines. Indeed, it offers the potential to increase vaccine potency and/or modulate immune response quality while reducing off-target effects. With mRNA-vaccines establishing themselves as a versatile technology for future applications, in the last years several approaches have been explored to target nanoparticles-enabled mRNA-delivery systems to immune cells, with a focus on dendritic cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen presenting cells and key mediators of B- and T-cell immunity, and therefore considered as an ideal target for cell-specific antigen delivery. Indeed, improved potency of DC-targeted vaccines has been proved in vitro and in vivo. This review discusses the potential specific targets for immune system-directed mRNA delivery, as well as the different targeting ligand classes and delivery systems used for this purpose.
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Yang QF, Li S, Feng GP, Qin C, Min XW, Fang WH, Wu Y, Zhou J, Li XC. A novel C-type lectin (SpccCTL) suppresses MCRV replication by binding viral protein and regulating antiviral peptides in Scylla paramamosain. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109143. [PMID: 37827249 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in the recognition and activation of innate immune responses against invading microorganisms. This study characterizes a novel C-type lectin (CTL), SpccCTL. The cDNA sequence of SpccCTL has a full length of 1744 bp encoding a 338-amino acid protein. The predicted protein contains a signal peptide, a coiled-coil (CC) domain, and a CLECT domain. It shares more than 50 % similarity with a few CTLs with a CC domain in crustaceans. SpccCTL is highly expressed in gills and hemocytes and upregulated after MCRV challenge, suggesting that it may be involved in antiviral immunity. Recombinant SpccCTL (rSpccCTL) as well as two capsid proteins of MCRV (VP11 and VP12) were prepared. Pre-incubating MCRV virions with rSpccCTL significantly suppresses the proliferation of MCRV in mud crabs, compared with the control (treatment with GST protein), and the survival rate of mud crabs is also significantly decreased. Knockdown of SpccCTL significantly facilitates the proliferation of MCRV in mud crabs. These results reveal that SpccCTL plays an important role in antiviral immune response. GST pull-down assay result shows that rSpccCTL interacts specifically with VP11, but not to VP12. This result is further confirmed by a Co-IP assay. In addition, we found that silencing SpccCTL significantly inhibits the expression of four antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Considering that these AMPs are members of anti-lipopolysaccharide factor family with potential antiviral activity, they are likely involved in immune defense against MCRV. Taken together, these findings clearly demonstrate that SpccCTL can recognize MCRV by binding viral capsid protein VP11 and regulate the expression of certain AMPs, suggesting that SpccCTL may function as a potential PRR playing an essential role in anti-MCRV immunity of mud crab. This study provides new insights into the antiviral immunity of crustaceans and the multifunctional characteristics of CTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Feng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Inland Saline-alkaline Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shouhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Inland Saline-alkaline Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Guang-Peng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Inland Saline-alkaline Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Chuang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Inland Saline-alkaline Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiu-Wen Min
- Key Laboratory of Inland Saline-alkaline Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Wen-Hong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Inland Saline-alkaline Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Inland Saline-alkaline Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Inland Saline-alkaline Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Xin-Cang Li
- Key Laboratory of Inland Saline-alkaline Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China.
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56
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Kim T, Ri S, Ju K, Shi W, Zhou W, Yu Y, Ri S, Ri H, Yun S, Ri J, Liu G. A C-type lectin with a single carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) containing unique QPN/WDD motifs from Tegillarca granosa is involved in the innate immune defense. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109093. [PMID: 37722437 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs), a superfamily of Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate-recognition proteins, serve as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the immune response of many species. However, little is currently known about the CTLs of the commercially and ecologically important bivalve species, blood clam (Tegillarca granosa). In this study, a CTL (designated as TgCTL-1) with a single carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) containing unique QPN/WDD motifs was identified in the blood clam through transcriptome and whole-genome searching. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis strongly suggested that TgCTL-1 was a new member of the CTL superfamily. Expression analysis demonstrated that TgCTL-1 was highly expressed in the hemocytes and visceral mass of the clam under normal condition. In addition, the expression of TgCTL-1 was shown to be significantly up-regulated upon pathogen challenge. Moreover, the recombinant TgCTL-1 (rTgCTL-1) displayed agglutinating and binding activities against both the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria tested in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Furthermore, it was found that the in vitro phagocytic activity of hemocytes was significantly enhanced by rTgCTL-1. In general, our results showed that TgCTL-1 was an inducible acute-phase secretory protein, playing crucial roles in recognizing, agglutinating, and binding to pathogenic bacteria as well as modulating phagocytic activity of hemocytes in the innate immune defense of blood clam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongchol Kim
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, North Korea
| | - Sanghyok Ri
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, North Korea
| | - Kwangjin Ju
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; College of Aquaculture, Wonsan Fisheries University, Wonsan, 99903, North Korea
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yihan Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Sangryong Ri
- College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, North Korea
| | - Hyoksong Ri
- College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, North Korea
| | - Songsu Yun
- College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, North Korea
| | - Junjin Ri
- College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, North Korea
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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Babbar R, Vanya, Bassi A, Arora R, Aggarwal A, Wal P, Dwivedi SK, Alolayan S, Gulati M, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Behl T, Ojha S. Understanding the promising role of antibody drug conjugates in breast and ovarian cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21425. [PMID: 38027672 PMCID: PMC10660083 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A nascent category of anticancer therapeutic drugs called antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) relate selectivity of aimed therapy using chemotherapeutic medicines with high cytotoxic power. Progressive linker technology led to the advancement of more efficacious and safer treatments. It offers neoteric as well as encouraging therapeutic strategies for treating cancer. ADCs selectively administer a medication by targeting antigens which are abundantly articulated on the membrane surface of tumor cells. Tumor-specific antigens are differently expressed in breast and ovarian cancers and can be utilized to direct ADCs. Compared to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, this approach enables optimal tumor targeting while minimizing systemic damage. A cleavable linker improves the ADCs because it allows the toxic payload to be distributed to nearby cells that do not express the target protein, operating on assorted tumors with dissimilar cell aggregation. Presently fifteen ADCs are being studied in breast and ovarian carcinoma preclinically, and assortment of few have already undergone promising early-phase clinical trial testing. Furthermore, Phase I and II studies are investigating a wide variety of ADCs, and preliminary findings are encouraging. An expanding sum of ADCs will probably become feasible therapeutic choices as solo agents or in conjunction with chemotherapeutic agents. This review accentuates the most recent preclinical findings, pharmacodynamics, and upcoming applications of ADCs in breast and ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritchu Babbar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Vanya
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Aarti Bassi
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Rashmi Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Ankur Aggarwal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pranay Wal
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Pharmacy, NH-19 Bhauti, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Salma Alolayan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 1444411, India
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 20227, Australia
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Bromatology and Toxicology, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, 150001, Peru
- E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, 15001, Peru
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Muslimov A, Tereshchenko V, Shevyrev D, Rogova A, Lepik K, Reshetnikov V, Ivanov R. The Dual Role of the Innate Immune System in the Effectiveness of mRNA Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14820. [PMID: 37834268 PMCID: PMC10573212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in molecular biology have revolutionized the use of messenger RNA (mRNA) as a therapeutic. The concept of nucleic acid therapy with mRNA originated in 1990 when Wolff et al. reported successful expression of proteins in target organs by direct injection of either plasmid DNA or mRNA. It took decades to bring the transfection efficiency of mRNA closer to that of DNA. The next few decades were dedicated to turning in vitro-transcribed (IVT) mRNA from a promising delivery tool for gene therapy into a full-blown therapeutic modality, which changed the biotech market rapidly. Hundreds of clinical trials are currently underway using mRNA for prophylaxis and therapy of infectious diseases and cancers, in regenerative medicine, and genome editing. The potential of IVT mRNA to induce an innate immune response favors its use for vaccination and immunotherapy. Nonetheless, in non-immunotherapy applications, the intrinsic immunostimulatory activity of mRNA directly hinders the desired therapeutic effect since it can seriously impair the target protein expression. Targeting the same innate immune factors can increase the effectiveness of mRNA therapeutics for some indications and decrease it for others, and vice versa. The review aims to present the innate immunity-related 'barriers' or 'springboards' that may affect the development of immunotherapies and non-immunotherapy applications of mRNA medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Muslimov
- Scientific Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olympic Ave 1, 354340 Sirius, Russia; (V.T.); (D.S.); (V.R.); (R.I.)
- Laboratory of Nano- and Microencapsulation of Biologically Active Substances, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- RM Gorbacheva Research Institute, Pavlov University, L’va Tolstogo 6-8, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Valeriy Tereshchenko
- Scientific Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olympic Ave 1, 354340 Sirius, Russia; (V.T.); (D.S.); (V.R.); (R.I.)
| | - Daniil Shevyrev
- Scientific Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olympic Ave 1, 354340 Sirius, Russia; (V.T.); (D.S.); (V.R.); (R.I.)
| | - Anna Rogova
- Laboratory of Nano- and Microencapsulation of Biologically Active Substances, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Saint-Petersburg Chemical-Pharmaceutical University, Professora Popova 14, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, 191002 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kirill Lepik
- RM Gorbacheva Research Institute, Pavlov University, L’va Tolstogo 6-8, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Vasiliy Reshetnikov
- Scientific Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olympic Ave 1, 354340 Sirius, Russia; (V.T.); (D.S.); (V.R.); (R.I.)
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Roman Ivanov
- Scientific Center for Translational Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olympic Ave 1, 354340 Sirius, Russia; (V.T.); (D.S.); (V.R.); (R.I.)
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Generalov E, Yakovenko L. Receptor basis of biological activity of polysaccharides. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:1209-1222. [PMID: 37975017 PMCID: PMC10643635 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides, the most diverse forms of organic molecules in nature, exhibit a large number of different biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, radioprotective, antioxidant, regenerative, metabolic, signaling, antitumor, and anticoagulant. The reaction of cells to a polysaccharide is determined by its specific interaction with receptors present on the cell surface, the type of cells, and their condition. The effect of many polysaccharides depends non-linearly on their concentration. The same polysaccharide in different conditions can have very different effects on cells and organisms, up to the opposite; therefore, when conducting studies of the biological activity of polysaccharides, both for the purpose of developing new drugs or approaches to the treatment of patients, and in order to clarify the features of intracellular processes, information about already known research results is needed. There is a lot of scattered data on the biological activities of polysaccharides, but there are few reviews that would consider natural polysaccharides from various sources and possible molecular mechanisms of their action. The purpose of this review is to present the main results published at different times in order to facilitate the search for information necessary for conducting relevant studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Generalov
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Leonid Yakovenko
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia
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Zhang Y, Ai H, Wang Y, Zhang P, Du L, Wang J, Wang S, Gao H, Li B. A pattern recognition receptor C-type lectin TcCTL14 contributes to immune response and development in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:1363-1377. [PMID: 36518010 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that pattern recognition receptor (PRR) C-type lectins (CTL) play essential roles in recognition of pathogens. TcCTL14 (accession no. TC00871) contains the most domains among all CTL of Tribolium castaneum. Yet the biological function of TcCTL14 remains unclear. In this study, TcCTL14 exhibiting typical motif and domain of CTL was cloned from T. castaneum. The expression pattern analysis showed that TcCTL14 was highly expressed in late pupae and central nervous system, and was upregulated after treatment with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Analysis of binding affinity revealed that recombinant TcCTL14 not only could bind to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan in a dose-dependent fashion, but possibly could bind to and agglutinate different bacteria in a Ca2+ -dependent fashion. Knockdown of TcCTL14 before injection with bacteria led to the downregulation of nuclear factor-κB transcription factors of Toll/IMD and 4 antimicrobial peptides. Knockdown of TcCTL14 also caused suppressed metamorphosis, reduced fecundity, and delayed embryogenesis of T. castaneum. Further observation discovered that knockdown of TcCTL14 inhibited the development of ovaries and embryos. The detection of signaling pathways revealed that TcCTL14 may be involved in metamorphosis and fecundity by impacting 20-hydroxyecdysone and vitellogenin, respectively. Overall, these results indicate that TcCTL14 may contribute to immune response by agglutination or regulating the expression of antimicrobial peptides by the Toll/IMD pathway, and is required for T. castaneum development including metamorphosis, fecundity, and embryogenesis. These findings will improve the functional cognition of PRR CTL in insects and provide the new strategy for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huayi Ai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liheng Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiatao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Suisui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Chan BD, Wong WY, Lee MML, Yue PYK, Dai X, Tsim KWK, Hsiao WLW, Li M, Li XY, Tai WCS. Isolation and characterization of ZK002, a novel dual function snake venom protein from Deinagkistrodon acutus with anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1227962. [PMID: 37841933 PMCID: PMC10570812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1227962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pathological angiogenesis, the abnormal or excessive generation of blood vessels, plays an important role in many diseases including cancer, diabetic retinopathy, psoriasis, and arthritis. Additionally, increasing evidence supports the close linkage between angiogenesis and inflammation. Snake venoms are a rich natural source of biologically active molecules and carry rich potential for the discovery of anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory modulators. Methods: Here, we isolated and purified a novel protein, ZK002, from the venom of the snake Deinagkistrodon acutus, and investigated its anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities and mechanisms. Results: ZK002 was identified as a 30 kDa heterodimeric protein of α and β chains, which exhibited anti-angiogenic activity in various in vitro assays. Mechanistically, ZK002 inhibited activation of VEGF signaling and related mediators including eNOS, p38, LIMK, and HSP27. ZK002 also upregulated the metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP3 and inhibited components of the VEGF-induced signaling cascade, PPP3R2 and SH2D2A. The anti-angiogenic activity of ZK002 was confirmed in multiple in vivo models. ZK002 could also inhibit the in vitro expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as in vivo inflammation in the carrageenin-induced edema rat model. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the potential for further development of ZK002 as a dual function therapeutic against diseases with involvement of pathogenic angiogenesis and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Dow Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing-Yan Wong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Magnolia Muk-Lan Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Ying-Kit Yue
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiangrong Dai
- Lee’s Pharmaceutical (HK) Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Karl Wah-Keung Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wen-Luan Wendy Hsiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mandy Li
- Zhaoke (Hong Kong) Ophthalmology Pharmaceutical Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Li
- Zhaoke (Hong Kong) Ophthalmology Pharmaceutical Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William Chi-Shing Tai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Furukawa A, Shuchi Y, Wang J, Guillen-Poza PA, Ishizuka S, Kagoshima M, Ikeno R, Kumeta H, Yamasaki S, Matsumaru T, Saitoh T, Maenaka K. Structural basis for plastic glycolipid recognition of the C-type lectin Mincle. Structure 2023; 31:1077-1085.e5. [PMID: 37348496 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Mincle (macrophage-inducible C-type lectin, CLEC4E) is a C-type lectin immune-stimulatory receptor for cord factor, trehalose dimycolate (TDM), which serves as a potent component of adjuvants. The recognition of glycolipids by Mincle, especially their lipid parts, is poorly understood. Here, we performed nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, revealing that titration of trehalose harboring a linear short acyl chain showed a chemical shift perturbation of hydrophobic residues next to the Ca-binding site. Notably, there were split signals for Tyr201 upon complex formation, indicating two binding modes for the acyl chain. In addition, most Mincle residues close to the Ca-binding site showed no observable signals, suggesting their mobility on an ∼ ms scale even after complex formation. Mutagenesis study supported two putative lipid-binding modes for branched acyl-chain TDM binding. These results provide novel insights into the plastic-binding modes of Mincle toward a wide range of glycol- and glycerol-lipids, important for rational adjuvant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Furukawa
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shuchi
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Pablo Adrian Guillen-Poza
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shigenari Ishizuka
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Misuzu Kagoshima
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Risa Ikeno
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kumeta
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsumaru
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Saitoh
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo 006-8585, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Hokkaido University Institute for Vaccine Research & Development, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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63
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Zha H, Zhang H, Zhong J, Zhao L, Liu Y, Zhu Q. Pathogenic bacteria defense and complement activation function analysis of Collectin-10 from Hexagrammos otakii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108972. [PMID: 37488038 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
With the tremendous success of the artificial breeding of Hexagrammos otakii, the yield has been substantially improved. However, intensive farming often results in bacterial diseases; hence it is imperative to find new antimicrobial molecules. In the present study, we identified a homologous cDNA fragment of collectin-10 from H. otakii, designated as HoCL-10. The cDNA length is 899 bp, which contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 816 bp encoding a secreted protein with 272 amino acid residues. The peptide of HoCL-10 contains an N-terminal collagen domain, a neck region, and a C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain. The qRT-PCR results revealed that HoCL-10 mRNA was highest expressed in the liver and skin and was significantly induced post-LPS stimulation. The sugar and bacteria binding assay suggested that the recombinant HoCL-10 (rHoCL-10) could recognize various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and bacteria. For effect on cells, rHoCL-10 enhanced the phagocytosis and migration ability of the macrophage indicated using pro-phagocytosis assay and trans-well assay. To determine the role of HoCL-10 in the complement system, the interaction between HoCL-10 and mannose-binding lectin associated serine protease 1, 2 (MASP-1, 2) were analyzed and demonstrated using ELISA and Far-western. And in vivo, the concentration of membrane-attack complex (MAC) in fish plasma was significantly down-regulated post-injection with HoCL-10 antibody. Finally, the bacteria challenge experiment was performed, implying that HoCL-10 may assist the host in defending against microbial invasion. The findings suggest that HoCL-10 may play crucial roles in host defense against microorganisms, possibly through opsonizing pathogens and activating the complement system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Zha
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Haoyue Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Jinmiao Zhong
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, China.
| | - Qian Zhu
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, China.
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Wang W, Liu B, Li C, Sun Y, Cao J, Xia K, Yang M, Yan J. Characterization and functional analysis of a novel C-type lectin in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108966. [PMID: 37482206 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins, one of the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), play significant roles in innate immune responses through binding to the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) presented on surfaces of microorganisms. Here, a novel C-type lectin (named as MaCTL) from blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) was cloned and characterized. The open reading frame (ORF) of MaCTL is 573 bp long encoding a putative protein of 190 amino acids (aa), which contains a typical feature of signal peptide at 1-23 aa, a characteristic CRD domain at 45-178 aa and a WND/EPN motif that is required for carbohydrates-binding specificity. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that MaCTL is a novel member of CTL family and possessed the highest similarity to that of grass carp (92.11%). The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that MaCTL expressed widely in all examined normal tissues, including heart, liver, spleen, kidney, head-kidney, gill, intestine and muscle, with the higher expression in the spleen, liver and muscle. The expression of MaCTL in spleen was significantly elevated, peaking at 9 h and 6 h after LPS stimulation and Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, respectively, suggesting its association with involvement in innate immune response. The recombinant MaCTL protein (rMaCTL) agglutinated markedly both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio vulnificus and Aeromonas hydrophila, in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Meanwhile, rMaCTL showed the binding effects on the five bacteria and four carbohydrates, such as glucose, surose, LPS and PGN. Moreover, rMaCTL could remarkably inhibit the growth of three types of bacteria in vitro. Overall, the results obtained above demonstrated firmly that MaCTL binds to carbohydrates on the surface of diverse pathogens as a PRR and elicits antimicrobial responses, which shed new light on a better understanding of antibacterial functions of CTLs in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zuzhen Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Chunfang Li
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Yuandong Sun
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Jiri Cao
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Kuanyu Xia
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Moci Yang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jinpeng Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Luo M, Ri S, Liu L, Ri S, Kim Y, Kim T, Ju K, Zhou W, Tong D, Shi W, Liu G. Identification, characterization, and agglutinating activity of a novel C-type lectin domain family 3 member B (CLEC3B) discovered in golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108988. [PMID: 37541635 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The lectins are a large family of carbohydrate-binding proteins that play important roles in the innate immune response of various organisms. Although C-type lectin domain family 3 member B (CLEC3B), an important member of C-type lectin, has been well documented in humans and several other higher vertebrates, little is currently known about this molecule in economically important marine fish species. In this study, through transcriptomic and BLAST screening, a novel CLEC3B gene was identified in the golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). The T. ovatus CLEC3B (ToCLEC3B) was subsequently characterized by bioinformatic analysis and compared with those reported in other species. In addition, the expression patterns of ToCLEC3B in different tissues under normal condition and at different times post pathogen challenge were assessed. Furthermore, the agglutinating activity of ToCLEC3B with and without Ca2+ against different bacteria and blood cells of donor species were verified using the recombinant T. ovatus CLEC3B (rToCLEC3B). Our results demonstrated that ToCLEC3B is a Ca2+-dependent galactose-binding lectin with a single copy of carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Similar to CLEC3B reported in other species, the CRD domain of ToCLEC3B consists of two α-helices, six β-sheets, and four loops, forming two Ca2+- and a galactose-binding sites. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the ToCLEC3B was highly similar (similarity at 95.00%) to that of its relative, the greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili). The expression of ToCLEC3B was detected in all tissues examined under normal condition and was significantly up-regulated by injection of pathogenic microbes. In addition, the rToCLEC3B exhibited strong agglutinating activity against different bacteria and blood cells of donor species in the presence of Ca2+. Our results indicate that ToCLEC3B is a constitutive and inducible acute-phase immune factor in the host's innate immune response of T. ovatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Luo
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Maricultural Technologies, Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, 571126, PR China
| | - Sanghyok Ri
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Longlong Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Maricultural Technologies, Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, 571126, PR China
| | - Songnam Ri
- College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yongchol Kim
- College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Tongchol Kim
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; College of Life Science, Kim Hyong Jik University of Education, Pyongyang, 99903, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangjin Ju
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; College of Aquaculture, Wonsan Fisheries University, Wonsan, 999093, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Difei Tong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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Abbas M, Maalej M, Nieto-Fabregat F, Thépaut M, Kleman JP, Ayala I, Molinaro A, Simorre JP, Marchetti R, Fieschi F, Laguri C. The unique 3D arrangement of macrophage galactose lectin enables Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide recognition through two distinct interfaces. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad310. [PMID: 37780233 PMCID: PMC10538476 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides are a hallmark of gram-negative bacteria, and their presence at the cell surface is key for bacterial integrity. As surface-exposed components, they are recognized by immunity C-type lectin receptors present on antigen-presenting cells. Human macrophage galactose lectin binds Escherichia coli surface that presents a specific glycan motif. Nevertheless, this high-affinity interaction occurs regardless of the integrity of its canonical calcium-dependent glycan-binding site. NMR of macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL) carbohydrate recognition domain and complete extracellular domain revealed a glycan-binding site opposite to the canonical site. A model of trimeric macrophage galactose lectin was determined based on a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering and AlphaFold. A disulfide bond positions the carbohydrate recognition domain perpendicular to the coiled-coil domain. This unique configuration for a C-type lectin orients the six glycan sites of MGL in an ideal position to bind lipopolysaccharides at the bacterial surface with high avidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massilia Abbas
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Meriem Maalej
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38000, France
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Ferran Nieto-Fabregat
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Michel Thépaut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Kleman
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Isabel Ayala
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Simorre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Roberta Marchetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38000, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Cedric Laguri
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38000, France
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Yadav K, Verma AK, Gupta S, Pathak AK, Sharma S, Awasthi A. Insight into molecular interaction between shrimp and white spot syndrome virus through MjsvCL-VP28 complex: an in-silico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:7757-7767. [PMID: 36120991 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2124457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
White Spot disease is a devastating disease of shrimps caused by White Spot Syndrome Virus in multifarious shrimp species. At present there is no absolute medication to suppress the disease hence, there is an urgent need for development of drug against the virus. Molecular interaction between viral envelope protein VP28 and shrimp receptor protein especially chitins play a pivotal role in ingression of WSSV. In the present study, we have tried to shed light on structural aspects of lectin protein in Marsupenaeus japonicus (MjsvCL). A structural insight to the CTLD-domain of MjsvCL has facilitated the understanding of the binding mechanism between the two proteins that is responsible for entry of WSSV into shrimps. Further, incorporation of molecular dynamics simulation and MMPBSA studies revealed the affinity of binding and certain hotspot residues, which are critical for association of both the proteins. For the first time we have proposed that these amino acids are quintessential for formation of VP28-MjsvCL complex and play crucial role in entry of WSSV into shrimps. Targeting the interaction between VP28 and CTLD of MjsvCL may possibly serve as a potential drug target. The current study provides information for better understanding the interaction between VP28 and MjsvCL that could be a plausible site for future inhibitors against WSSV in shrimps.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arunima Kumar Verma
- Department of Zoology, Autonomous Government P.G. College, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunita Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Ajey Kumar Pathak
- Fish Conservation Division, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, India
| | - Shikha Sharma
- Department of Botany, Post Graduate Government College for Girls, Sec-11,Chandigarh, India
| | - Abhishek Awasthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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68
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Álvarez B, Revilla C, Poderoso T, Ezquerra A, Domínguez J. Porcine Macrophage Markers and Populations: An Update. Cells 2023; 12:2103. [PMID: 37626913 PMCID: PMC10453229 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides its importance as a livestock species, pig is increasingly being used as an animal model for biomedical research. Macrophages play critical roles in immunity to pathogens, tissue development, homeostasis and tissue repair. These cells are also primary targets for replication of viruses such as African swine fever virus, classical swine fever virus, and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus, which can cause huge economic losses to the pig industry. In this article, we review the current status of knowledge on porcine macrophages, starting by reviewing the markers available for their phenotypical characterization and following with the characteristics of the main macrophage populations described in different organs, as well as the effect of polarization conditions on their phenotype and function. We will also review available cell lines suitable for studies on the biology of porcine macrophages and their interaction with pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Angel Ezquerra
- Departamento de Biotecnología, CSIC INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña, km7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.Á.); (C.R.); (T.P.); (J.D.)
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Feng J, Huang Y, Huang M, Luo J, Que L, Yang S, Jian J. A novel perlucin-like protein (PLP) protects Litopenaeus vannamei against Vibrio harveyi infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108932. [PMID: 37414305 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs), as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), play an important role in the innate immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei. In this study, a novel CTL, named perlucin-like protein (PLP), was identified from L. vannamei, which shared homology sequences of PLP from Penaeus monodon. PLP from L. vannamei was expressed in the hepatopancreas, eyestalk, muscle and brain and could be activated in the tissues (hepatopancreas, muscle, gill and intestine) after infection with the pathogen Vibrio harveyi. Bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, Streptococcus agalactiae and Bacillus subtilis) could be bound and agglutinated by the PLP recombinant protein in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Moreover, PLP could stabilise the expression of the immune-related genes (ALF, SOD, HSP70, Toll4 and IMD) and apoptosis gene (Caspase2). The RNAi of PLP could remarkably affect the expression of antioxidant gene, antimicrobial peptide genes, other CTLs, apoptosis genes, Toll signaling pathways, and IMD signaling pathways. Moreover, PLP reduced the bacterial load in the hepatopancreas. These results suggested that PLP was involved in the innate immune response against V. harveyi infection by recognising bacterial pathogens and activating the expression of immune-related and apoptosis genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Feng
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongxiong Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Meiling Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Junliang Luo
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Liwen Que
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shiping Yang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jichang Jian
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.
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Hatakeyama T, Unno H. Functional Diversity of Novel Lectins with Unique Structural Features in Marine Animals. Cells 2023; 12:1814. [PMID: 37508479 PMCID: PMC10377782 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their remarkable structural diversity, glycans play important roles as recognition molecules on cell surfaces of living organisms. Carbohydrates exist in numerous isomeric forms and can adopt diverse structures through various branching patterns. Despite their relatively small molecular weights, they exhibit extensive structural diversity. On the other hand, lectins, also known as carbohydrate-binding proteins, not only recognize and bind to the diverse structures of glycans but also induce various biological reactions based on structural differences. Initially discovered as hemagglutinins in plant seeds, lectins have been found to play significant roles in cell recognition processes in higher vertebrates. However, our understanding of lectins in marine animals, particularly marine invertebrates, remains limited. Recent studies have revealed that marine animals possess novel lectins with unique structures and glycan recognition mechanisms not observed in known lectins. Of particular interest is their role as pattern recognition molecules in the innate immune system, where they recognize the glycan structures of pathogens. Furthermore, lectins serve as toxins for self-defense against foreign enemies. Recent discoveries have identified various pore-forming proteins containing lectin domains in fish venoms and skins. These proteins utilize lectin domains to bind target cells, triggering oligomerization and pore formation in the cell membrane. These findings have spurred research into the new functions of lectins and lectin domains. In this review, we present recent findings on the diverse structures and functions of lectins in marine animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomitsu Hatakeyama
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Hideaki Unno
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
- Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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71
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Lin Z, Cheng J, Mu X, Kuang X, Li Z, Wu J. A C-type lectin in saliva of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) bind and agglutinate microorganisms with broad spectrum. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2023; 23:1. [PMID: 37399114 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Via complex salivary mixture, mosquitos can intervene immune response and be helpful to transmit several viruses causing deadly human diseases. Some C-type lectins (CTLs) of mosquito have been reported to be pattern recognition receptor to either resist or promote pathogen invading. Here, we investigated the expression profile and agglutination function of an Aedes albopictus CTL (Aalb_CTL2) carrying a single carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) and WND/KPD motifs. The results showed that Aalb_CTL2 was found to be specifically expressed in mosquito saliva gland and its expression was not induced by blood-feeding. The recombinant Aalb_CTL2 (rAalb_CTL2) could agglutinate mouse erythrocytes in the presence of calcium and the agglutinating activity could be inhibited by EDTA. rAalb_CTL2 also displayed the sugar binding ability to D-mannose, D-galactose, D-glucose, and maltose. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that rAalb_CTL2 could bind and agglutinate Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as fungus Candida albicans in vitro in a calcium dependent manner. However, rAalb_CTL2 could not promote type 2 dengue virus (DENV-2) replication in THP-1 and BHK-21 cell lines. These findings uncover that Aalb_CTL2 might be involved in the innate immunity of mosquito to resist microorganism multiplication in sugar and blood meals to help mosquito survive in the varied natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimin Lin
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Parasitology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jinzhi Cheng
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Parasitology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaohui Mu
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Parasitology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Kuang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Parasitology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiahong Wu
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Department of Parasitology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
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72
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Bi J, Wang Y, Gao R, Liu P, Jiang Y, Gao L, Li B, Song Q, Ning M. Functional Analysis of a CTL-X-Type Lectin CTL16 in Development and Innate Immunity of Tribolium castaneum. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10700. [PMID: 37445878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are a class of proteins containing carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs), which are characteristic modules that recognize various glycoconjugates and function primarily in immunity. CTLs have been reported to affect growth and development and positively regulate innate immunity in Tribolium castaneum. However, the regulatory mechanisms of TcCTL16 proteins are still unclear. Here, spatiotemporal analyses displayed that TcCTL16 was highly expressed in late pupae and early adults. TcCTL16 RNA interference in early larvae shortened their body length and narrowed their body width, leading to the death of 98% of the larvae in the pupal stage. Further analysis found that the expression level of muscle-regulation-related genes, including cut, vestigial, erect wing, apterous, and spalt major, and muscle-composition-related genes, including Myosin heavy chain and Myosin light chain, were obviously down-regulated after TcCTL16 silencing in T. castaneum. In addition, the transcription of TcCTL16 was mainly distributed in the hemolymph. TcCTL16 was significantly upregulated after challenges with lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Recombinant CRDs of TcCTL16 bind directly to the tested bacteria (except Bacillus subtilis); they also induce extensive bacterial agglutination in the presence of Ca2+. On the contrary, after TcCTL16 silencing in the late larval stage, T. castaneum were able to develop normally. Moreover, the transcript levels of seven antimicrobial peptide genes (attacin2, defensins1, defensins2, coleoptericin1, coleoptericin2, cecropins2, and cecropins3) and one transcription factor gene (relish) were significantly increased under E. coli challenge and led to an increased survival rate of T. castaneum when infected with S. aureus or E. coli, suggesting that TcCTL16 deficiency could be compensated for by increasing AMP expression via the IMD pathways in T. castaneum. In conclusion, this study found that TcCTL16 could be involved in developmental regulation in early larvae and compensate for the loss of CTL function by regulating the expression of AMPs in late larvae, thus laying a solid foundation for further studies on T. castaneum CTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiu Bi
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products of the Ministry of Agriculture (Jinan), Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products of the Ministry of Agriculture (Jinan), Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products of the Ministry of Agriculture (Jinan), Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Pingxiang Liu
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products of the Ministry of Agriculture (Jinan), Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yuying Jiang
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products of the Ministry of Agriculture (Jinan), Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products of the Ministry of Agriculture (Jinan), Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Mingxiao Ning
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products of the Ministry of Agriculture (Jinan), Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
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73
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Guo N, Liu Y, Hao Q, Sun M, Li F. A Mannose Receptor from Litopenaeus vannamei Involved in Innate Immunity by Pathogen Recognition and Inflammation Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10665. [PMID: 37445842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannose receptor, as a member of the C-type lectin superfamily, is a non-canonical pattern recognition receptor that can internalize pathogen-associated ligands and activate intracellular signaling. Here, a mannose receptor gene, LvMR, was identified from the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. LvMR encoded a signal peptide, a fibronectin type II (FN II) domain, and two carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRDs) with special EPS and FND motifs. LvMR transcripts were mainly detected in the hepatopancreas, and presented a time-dependent response after pathogen challenge. The recombinant LvMR (rLvMR) could bind to various PAMPs and agglutinate microorganisms in a Ca2+-dependent manner with strong binding ability to D-mannose and N-acetyl sugars. The knockdown of LvMR enhanced the expression of most NF-κB pathway genes, inflammation and redox genes, while it had no obvious effect on the transcription of most phagocytosis genes. Moreover, the knockdown of LvMR caused an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in the hepatopancreas after Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. All these results indicate that LvMR might perform as a PRR in immune recognition and a negative regulator of inflammation during bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qiang Hao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Ikenohuchi YJ, Silva MDS, Rego CMA, Francisco AF, da Silva Setúbal S, Ferreira E Ferreira AA, Boeno CN, Santana HM, Felipin KP, de Lima AM, de Mattos Fontes MR, Paloschi MV, Soares AM, Zuliani JP. A C-type lectin induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation via TLR4 interaction in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:188. [PMID: 37349530 PMCID: PMC11073222 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are a large group of proteins found in many snake venoms. BjcuL is a C-type lectin from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom that does not present cytotoxicity action on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at concentrations of 5 and 10 μg/mL. BjcuL demonstrates an immunomodulatory role in PBMCs with the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-17) in addition to stimulate T cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that could play a role in the acute inflammatory reaction observed in the victims. Inflammasomes are an essential arm in cells of innate immunity to detect and sense a range of endogenous or exogenous, sterile, or infectious stimuli to elicit cellular responses and effector mechanisms. NLRP3 inflammasome is a significant target for this study, because the lectin is responsible for leukocyte activation stimulating the release of inflammatory mediators, which results in dynamic cellular responses to remove the detrimental process to the body in snakebites. Thus, this study aimed to investigate how isolated BjcuL from B. jararacussu venom affects NLRP3 inflammasome activation on PBMCs. For this, the cells were isolated by density gradient and incubated with BjcuL at different periods and concentrations for the evaluation of the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome through gene and protein expressions of ASC, CASPASE-1, and NLRP3 by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence, as well as the participation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and ROS in the IL-1β production, a product resultant of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Herein, BjcuL interacts with TLR4 as demonstrated by in vitro and in silico studies and induces cytokines release via NF-κB signaling. By genic and protein expression assays, BjcuL activates NLRP3 inflammasome, and the pharmacological modulation with LPS-RS, an antagonist of TLR4; LPS-SM, an agonist of TLR4; MCC950, a specific NLRP3 inhibitor, and rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial ROS, confirmed the participation of TLR4 and ROS in the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β liberation. The effects of BjcuL on the regulation and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex via TLR4 activation with ROS participation may be determinant for the development of the inflammatory local effects seen in snakebite victims. In addition, in silico together with in vitro studies provide information that may be useful in the rational design of TLR agonists as well as new adjuvants for immunomodulatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoda Janaina Ikenohuchi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Milena Daniela Souza Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Cristina Matiele Alves Rego
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Aleff Ferreira Francisco
- Department of Physics and Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Proteins and Bioactive Compounds Applied to Health (LABIOPROT) and National Institute of Science and Technology in Epidemiology of the Occidental Amazonia (INCT-EPIAMO), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Sulamita da Silva Setúbal
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Alex Augusto Ferreira E Ferreira
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Charles Nunes Boeno
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Hallison Mota Santana
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Kátia Paula Felipin
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Anderson Maciel de Lima
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Proteins and Bioactive Compounds Applied to Health (LABIOPROT) and National Institute of Science and Technology in Epidemiology of the Occidental Amazonia (INCT-EPIAMO), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Marcos Roberto de Mattos Fontes
- Department of Physics and Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Institute for Advance Studies of the Sea (IEAMAR), São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro Valentino Paloschi
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Andreimar Martins Soares
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Proteins and Bioactive Compounds Applied to Health (LABIOPROT) and National Institute of Science and Technology in Epidemiology of the Occidental Amazonia (INCT-EPIAMO), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pavan Zuliani
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR364, Km 3.5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil.
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Rondônia, UNIR, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
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Lu Y, Wang R, Jin H, Xie J, Gu Q, Yang X. A novel peptide derived from the mannose binding lectin inhibits LPS-activated TLR4/NF-κB signaling and suppresses ocular inflammation. Cell Biol Int 2023. [PMID: 37332141 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Uveitis is a major cause of vision impairment worldwide. Current treatments have limited effectiveness but severe complications. Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is an important protein of the innate immune system that binds to TLR4 and suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine secretion. MBL-mediated inhibition of inflammation via the TLR4 pathway and MBL-derived peptides might be a potential therapeutics. In this study, we designed a novel MBL-derived peptide, WP-17, targeting TLR4. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted for the sequence, structure and biological properties of WP-17. The binding of WP-17 to THP-1 cells was analyzed using flow cytometry. Signaling molecules were analyzed by western blotting, and activation of NF-κB was measured by immunofluorescence-histochemical analysis. Effects of WP-17 were studied in vitro using LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells and in vivo in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). Our results showed that WP-17 could bind to TLR4 expressed on macrophages, thus downregulating the expression levels of MyD88, IRAK-4, and TRAF-6, and inhibiting the downstream NF-kB signaling pathway and LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in THP-1 cells. Moreover, in EIU rats, intravitreal pretreatment with WP-17 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on ocular inflammation, attenuating the clinical and histopathological manifestations of uveitis, reducing protein leakage and cell infiltration into the aqueous humor, and suppressing TNF-α and IL-6 production in ocular tissues. In summary, our study provides the first evidence of a novel MBL-derived peptide that suppressed activation of the NF-кB pathway by targeting TLR4. The peptide effectively inhibited rat uveitis and may be a promising candidate for the management of ocular inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyi Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamin Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
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76
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Xu Y, Sun Y, Zhu Y, Song G. Structural insight into CD93 recognition by IGFBP7. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.07.543655. [PMID: 37333140 PMCID: PMC10274810 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.07.543655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The CD93/IGFBP7 axis are key factors expressed in endothelial cells (EC) that mediate EC angiogenesis and migration. Upregulation of them contributes to tumor vascular abnormality and blockade of this interaction promotes a favorable tumor microenvironment for therapeutic interventions. However, how these two proteins associated to each other remains unclear. In this study, we solved the human CD93-IGFBP7 complex structure to elucidate the interaction between the EGF 1 domain of CD93 and the IB domain of IGFBP7. Mutagenesis studies confirmed the binding interactions and specificities. Cellular and mouse tumor studies demonstrated the physiological relevance of the CD93-IGFBP7 interaction in EC angiogenesis. Our study provides hints for development of therapeutic agents to precisely disrupt unwanted CD93-IGFBP7 signaling in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, analysis of the CD93 full-length architecture provides insights into how CD93 protrudes on the cell surface and forms a flexible platform for binding to IGFBP7 and other ligands.
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77
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Leusmann S, Ménová P, Shanin E, Titz A, Rademacher C. Glycomimetics for the inhibition and modulation of lectins. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3663-3740. [PMID: 37232696 PMCID: PMC10243309 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00954d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are essential mediators of many processes in health and disease. They regulate self-/non-self- discrimination, are key elements of cellular communication, cancer, infection and inflammation, and determine protein folding, function and life-times. Moreover, they are integral to the cellular envelope for microorganisms and participate in biofilm formation. These diverse functions of carbohydrates are mediated by carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins, and the more the knowledge about the biology of these proteins is advancing, the more interfering with carbohydrate recognition becomes a viable option for the development of novel therapeutics. In this respect, small molecules mimicking this recognition process become more and more available either as tools for fostering our basic understanding of glycobiology or as therapeutics. In this review, we outline the general design principles of glycomimetic inhibitors (Section 2). This section is then followed by highlighting three approaches to interfere with lectin function, i.e. with carbohydrate-derived glycomimetics (Section 3.1), novel glycomimetic scaffolds (Section 3.2) and allosteric modulators (Section 3.3). We summarize recent advances in design and application of glycomimetics for various classes of lectins of mammalian, viral and bacterial origin. Besides highlighting design principles in general, we showcase defined cases in which glycomimetics have been advanced to clinical trials or marketed. Additionally, emerging applications of glycomimetics for targeted protein degradation and targeted delivery purposes are reviewed in Section 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Leusmann
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Ménová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Shanin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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Ma Y, Qiao X, Dong M, Lian X, Li Y, Jin Y, Wang L, Song L. A C-type lectin from Crassostrea gigas with novel EFG/FVN motif involved in recognition of various PAMPs and induction of interleukin expression. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:104680. [PMID: 36907338 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are a superfamily of Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate-recognition proteins, which participate in the nonself-recognition and triggering the transduction pathways in the innate immunity. In the present study, a novel CTL (designated as CgCLEC-TM2) with a carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) and a transmembrane domain (TM) was identified from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Two novel EFG and FVN motifs were found in Ca2+-binding site 2 of CgCLEC-TM2. The mRNA transcripts of CgCLEC-TM2 were detected in all tested tissues with the highest expression level in haemocytes, which was 94.41-fold (p < 0.01) of that in adductor muscle. The relative expression level of CgCLEC-TM2 in haemocytes significantly up-regulated at 6 h and 24 h after the stimulation of Vibrio splendidus, which was 4.94- and 12.77-fold of that in control group (p < 0.01), respectively. The recombinant CRD of CgCLEC-TM2 (rCRD) was able to bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS), mannose (MAN), peptidoglycan (PGN), and poly (I: C) in a Ca2+-dependent manner. The rCRD exhibited binding activity to V. anguillarum, Bacillus subtilis, V. splendidus, Escherichia coli, Pichia pastoris, Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus in a Ca2+-dependent manner. The rCRD also exhibited agglutination activity to E. coli, V. splendidus, S. aureus, M. luteus and P. pastoris in a Ca2+-dependent manner. The phagocytosis rate of haemocytes towards V. splendidus significantly down-regulated from 27.2% to 20.9% after treatment of anti-CgCLEC-TM2-CRD antibody, while the growth of V. splendidus and E. coli was inhibited compared with the TBS and rTrx groups. After the expression of CgCLEC-TM2 was inhibited by RNAi, the expression level of phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases (p-CgERK) in haemocytes, and the mRNA expressions of interleukin17s (CgIL17-1 and CgIL17-4) decreased significantly after V. splendidus stimulation, compared with that in EGFP-RNAi oysters, respectively. These results suggested that CgCLEC-TM2 with novel motifs served as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) involved in the recognition of microorganisms, and induction of CgIL17s expression in the immune response of oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Ma
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Miren Dong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xingye Lian
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yinan Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuhao Jin
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519000, China; Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
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79
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Bi K, Du J, Chen J, Wang H, Zhang K, Wang Y, Hou L, Meng Q. Screening and functional analysis of three Spiroplasma eriocheiris glycosylated protein interactions with Macrobrachium nipponense C-type lectins. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:108810. [PMID: 37169109 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
N-glycosylation, one of the main protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs), plays an important role in the pathogenic process of pathogens through binding and invasion of host cells or regulating the internal environment of host cells to benefit their survival. However, N-glycosylation has remained mostly unexplored in Spiroplasma eriocheiris, a novel type of pathogen which has serious adverse effects on aquaculture. In most cases, N-glycoproteins can be detected and analyzed by lectins dependent on sugar recognition domains. In this study, three Macrobrachium nipponense C-type lectins, namely, MnCTLDcp1, MnCTLDcp2 and MnCTLDcp3, were used to screen S. eriocheiris glycosylated proteins. First, qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of the three kinds of lectins were all significantly up-regulated in prawn hearts when the host was against S. eriocheiris infection. A bacterial binding assay showed that purified recombinant MnCTLDcp1, MnCTLDcp2 and MnCTLDcp3 could directly bind to S. eriocheiris in vitro. Second, three S. eriocheiris glycosylated proteins, ATP synthase subunit beta (ATP beta), molecular chaperone Dnak (Dnak) and fructose bisphosphate aldolase (FBPA), were screened and identified using the three kinds of full-length C-type lectins. Far-Western blot and coimmunoprecipitation (CO-IP) further demonstrated that there were interactions between the three lectins with ATP beta, Dnak and FBPA. Furthermore, antibody neutralization assay results showed that pretreatment of S. eriocheiris with ATP beta, Dnak and FBPA antibodies could significantly block this pathogen infection. All the above studies showed that the glycosylated protein played a vital role in the process of S. eriocheiris infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keran Bi
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Jie Du
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Huicong Wang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, 212400, China
| | - Libo Hou
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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80
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Wu Y, Huang M, Lu Y, Huang Y, Jian J. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of CD209E from Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) involved in immune response to bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108718. [PMID: 36990259 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
CD209 plays significant roles in pathogen recognition, innate and adaptive immunity, and cell-cell interactions. In the present study, a CD209 antigen-like protein E from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (designated as OnCD209E) was identified and characterized. OnCD209E contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 771 bp encoding a 257 amino acid protein, as well as the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Multiple sequence analysis exhibits that the amino acid sequence of OnCD209E was relatively high homologous to that of partial fish, especially the highly conserved CRD, in which four conserved disulfide-bonded cysteine residues, WIGL conserved motif and two Ca2+/carbohydrate-binding sites (EPD and WFD motifs) were founded. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot revealed that OnCD209E mRNA/protein is generally expressed in all tissues examined, but with wealth in head kidney and spleen tissues. The mRNA expression of OnCD209E was significantly increased in brain, head kidney, intestine, liver, and spleen tissues in response to the stimulation with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila in vitro. Recombinant OnCD209E protein exhibited detectable bacterial binding and agglutination activity against different bacteria as well as inhibited the proliferation of tested bacteria. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that OnCD209E was mostly localized in the cell membrane. Moreover, overexpression of OnCD209E could activate nuclear factor-kappa B reporter genes in HEK-293T cells. Collectively, these results demonstrated that CD209E may potentially involve in immune response of Nile tilapia against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqin Wu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Meiling Huang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Huang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.
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81
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Tang X, Zhu X, Liu X, Wang Z, Zhang D. A unique C-type lectin, Ladderlectin, from large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is involved in bacterial cell membrane damage. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108744. [PMID: 37054765 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ladderlectin is unique C-type lectin because it has been so far found only in teleost fish. In this study, large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) Ladderlecin (LcLL) sequence was identified and characterized. LcLL encodes a polypeptide of 186 amino acids that includes a signal peptide and a C-type lectin-like domains (CTLD) with two sugar-binding motifs of WSD and EPN. Tissues distribution analysis revealed that LcLL is a ubiquitous gene, with the highest expression in head kidney and gill. Subcellular localization showed that LcLL was in cytoplasm and nucleus of HEK 293T cells. Transcripts of LcLL were significantly up regulated after immune challenge with P. plecoglossicida. In contrast to this, a sharp down-regulation occurred after Scuticociliatida infection. Moreover, recombinant LcLL (rLcLL) was prepared and exhibited hemagglutination on L. crocea and N. albiflora erythrocytes in a Ca2+-dependent manner, which can be only inhibited by LPS. rLcLL showed a strong ability of binding to Gram + bacteria (M. lysodeikticus, S. aureus, B. subtilis) and Gram-bacteria (P. plecoglossicida, E. coli, V. Vulnificus, V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus. A. hydrophila, and E. tarda), and could agglutinate all tested bacteria except for P. plecoglossicida. Further study showed that rLcLL promoted the gathered bacteria death through damaging cell membrane based on PI staining and SEM observation. However, rLcLL does neither kill bacteria directly nor have complement-activating activities. Altogether, these results demonstrated that LcLL played a vital role in L. crocea innate immune towards bacterial and parasitic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xingcheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiande Liu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China.
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82
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Li J, Qiu Y, Zhang C, Wang H, Bi R, Wei Y, Li Y, Hu B. The role of protein glycosylation in the occurrence and outcome of acute ischemic stroke. Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106726. [PMID: 36907285 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a serious and life-threatening disease worldwide. Despite thrombolysis or endovascular thrombectomy, a sizeable fraction of patients with AIS have adverse clinical outcomes. In addition, existing secondary prevention strategies with antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs therapy are not able to adequately decrease the risk of ischemic stroke recurrence. Thus, exploring novel mechanisms for doing so represents an urgent need for the prevention and treatment of AIS. Recent studies have discovered that protein glycosylation plays a critical role in the occurrence and outcome of AIS. As a common co- and post-translational modification, protein glycosylation participates in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes by regulating the activity and function of proteins or enzymes. Protein glycosylation is involved in two causes of cerebral emboli in ischemic stroke: atherosclerosis and atrial fibrillation. Following ischemic stroke, the level of brain protein glycosylation becomes dynamically regulated, which significantly affects stroke outcome through influencing inflammatory response, excitotoxicity, neuronal apoptosis, and blood-brain barrier disruption. Drugs targeting glycosylation in the occurrence and progression of stroke may represent a novel therapeutic idea. In this review, we focus on possible perspectives about how glycosylation affects the occurrence and outcome of AIS. We then propose the potential of glycosylation as a therapeutic drug target and prognostic marker for AIS patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhuang Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanmei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hailing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rentang Bi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhao Wei
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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83
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Lin P, Xu M, Yang Q, Chen M, Guo S. Inoculation of Freund's adjuvant in European eel (Anguilla anguilla) revealed key KEGG pathways and DEGs of host anti-Edwardsiella anguillarum infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108708. [PMID: 36997037 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Freund's complete (FCA) and incomplete adjuvants (FIA), generally applied in subunit fishery vaccine, have not been explored on the molecular mechanism of the nonspecific immune enhancement. In this study, we examined the RNA-seq in the spleen of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) inoculated with FCA and FIA (FCIA group) to elucidate the key KEGG pathways and differential expressed genes (DEGs) in the process of Edwardsiella anguillarum infection and A. anguilla anti-E. anguillarum infection using genome-wide transcriptome. After eels were challenged by E. anguillarum at 28 d post the first inoculation (dpi), compared to the control uninfected eels (Con group), the control infected eels (Con_inf group) showed severe pathological changes in the liver, kidney and spleen, although infected eels post the inoculation of FCIA (FCIA_inf group) also formed slight bleeding. Compared to the FCIA_inf group, there was more than 10 times colony forming unit (cfu) in the Con_inf group per 100 μg spleen, kidney or blood, and the relative percent survival (RPS) of eels was 44.4% in FCIA_inf vs Con_inf. Compared to the Con group, the SOD activity in the FCIA group increased significantly in the liver and spleen. Using high-throughput transcriptomics, DEGs were identified and 29 genes were verified using fluorescence real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The result of DEGs clustering showed 9 samples in 3 groups of Con, FCIA and FCIA_inf were similar, contrast to distinct differences of 3 samples in the Con_inf group. We found 3795 up and 3548 down regulated DEGs in the compare of FCIA_inf vs Con_inf, of which 5 enriched KEGG pathways of "Lysosome", "Autophagy", "Apoptosis", "C-type lectin receptor signaling" and "Insulin signaling" were ascertained, and 26 of 30 top GO terms in the compare were significantly enriched. Finally, protein-protein interactions between the DEGs of the 5 KEGG pathways and other DEGs were explored using Cytoscape 3.9.1. The compare of FCIA_inf vs Con_inf showed 110 DEGs from the 5 pathways and 718 DEGs from other pathways formed total of 9747° in a network, of which 9 hub DEGs play vital roles in anti-infection or apoptosis. Together, the interaction networks revealed that 9 DEGs involved in the 5 pathways underlies the key process of A. anguilla anti-E. anguillarum infection or host cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lin
- Fisheries College, Jimei University /Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University /Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiuhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Minxia Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University /Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, China
| | - Songlin Guo
- Fisheries College, Jimei University /Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen, China.
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84
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McDonnell JM, Dhaliwal B, Sutton BJ, Gould HJ. IgE, IgE Receptors and Anti-IgE Biologics: Protein Structures and Mechanisms of Action. Annu Rev Immunol 2023; 41:255-275. [PMID: 36737596 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-061020-053712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of IgE in mammals added an extra layer of immune protection at body surfaces to provide a rapid and local response against antigens from the environment. The IgE immune response employs potent expulsive and inflammatory forces against local antigen provocation, at the risk of damaging host tissues and causing allergic disease. Two well-known IgE receptors, the high-affinity FcεRI and low-affinity CD23, mediate the activities of IgE. Unlike other known antibody receptors, CD23 also regulates IgE expression, maintaining IgE homeostasis. This mechanism evolved by adapting the function of the complement receptor CD21. Recent insights into the dynamic character of IgE structure, its resultant capacity for allosteric modulation, and the potential for ligand-induced dissociation have revealed previously unappreciated mechanisms for regulation of IgE and IgE complexes. We describe recent research, highlighting structural studies of the IgE network of proteins to analyze the uniquely versatile activities of IgE and anti-IgE biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M McDonnell
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics and School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK; , ,
| | | | - B J Sutton
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics and School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK; , ,
| | - H J Gould
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics and School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK; , ,
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85
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Saco A, Suárez H, Novoa B, Figueras A. A Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of the C-Type Lectin Gene Family Reveals Highly Expanded and Diversified Repertoires in Bivalves. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040254. [PMID: 37103393 PMCID: PMC10140915 DOI: 10.3390/md21040254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type lectins belong to a widely conserved family of lectins characterized in Metazoa. They show important functional diversity and immune implications, mainly as pathogen recognition receptors. In this work, C-type lectin-like proteins (CTLs) of a set of metazoan species were analyzed, revealing an important expansion in bivalve mollusks, which contrasted with the reduced repertoires of other mollusks, such as cephalopods. Orthology relationships demonstrated that these expanded repertoires consisted of CTL subfamilies conserved within Mollusca or Bivalvia and of lineage-specific subfamilies with orthology only between closely related species. Transcriptomic analyses revealed the importance of the bivalve subfamilies in mucosal immunity, as they were mainly expressed in the digestive gland and gills and modulated with specific stimuli. CTL domain-containing proteins that had additional domains (CTLDcps) were also studied, revealing interesting gene families with different conservation degrees of the CTL domain across orthologs from different taxa. Unique bivalve CTLDcps with specific domain architectures were revealed, corresponding to uncharacterized bivalve proteins with putative immune function according to their transcriptomic modulation, which could constitute interesting targets for functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaro Saco
- Institute of Marine Research IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Hugo Suárez
- Institute of Marine Research IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research IIM-CSIC, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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86
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Lunghi B, Morfini M, Martinelli N, Branchini A, Linari S, Castaman G, Bernardi F. Modulation of factor VIII pharmacokinetics by genetic components in factor VIII receptors. Haemophilia 2023; 29:479-487. [PMID: 36533781 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gene variation in receptors for circulating factor VIII (FVIII) is candidate to explain the large inter-patient variability of infused FVIII pharmacokinetics (PK) in haemophilia A (HA). AIM To compare in an Italian HA cohort (n = 26) the influence on FVIII PK of genetic components in four von Willebrand factor (VWF)/FVIII receptors. METHODS Genotypes of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), asialoglycoprotein receptor minor subunit (ASGR2), family 4 member M (CLEC4M), stabilin2 (STAB2) and ABO blood-group, and VWF:Ag levels were included as independent variables in linear regression analyses of two-compartment model (TCM) - standard half-life (SHL) FVIII PK parameters. RESULTS In the initial FVIII distribution phase, the STAB2 rs4981022 AA, ASGR2 rs2289645 TT and LDLR rs688 TT genotypes may contribute to increase Cmax , and prolong or shorten AlphaHL. In the elimination phase, a shorter BetaHL was associated with the CLEC4M rs868875 GG (beta-coefficient .366, p = .025) and ASGR2 rs2289645 TC (beta-coefficient .456, p = .006) genotypes, which also showed shorter mean residence time (MRT) than TT genotypes (p = .021). The alpha and beta phase effects were independent of ABO and VWF:Ag levels at baseline. The association of the LDLR rs2228671 genotypes with clearance was independent of ABO (beta-coefficient -.363, p = .035) but not of other receptors or VWF:Ag, which may point out multiple and competing interactions. CONCLUSIONS With the limitation of the small number of HA patients, these observations highlight multiple genetic components acting in distinct phases of FVIII PK and contributing to explain FVIII PK variability. This analysis provides candidates for genotype-based, individual tailoring of FVIII substitutive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lunghi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Morfini
- Italian Association of Hemophilia Centers (AICE), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Branchini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Linari
- Center for Bleeding Disorders, Department of Oncology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Castaman
- Center for Bleeding Disorders, Department of Oncology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Bernardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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87
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C-Type Lectin Receptor Mediated Modulation of T2 Immune Responses to Allergens. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:141-151. [PMID: 36720753 PMCID: PMC9985561 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Allergic diseases represent a major health problem of increasing prevalence worldwide. In allergy, dendritic cells (DCs) contribute to both the pathophysiology and the induction of healthy immune responses to the allergens. Different studies have reported that some common allergens contain glycans in their structure. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) expressed by DCs recognize carbohydrate structures and are crucial in allergen uptake, presentation, and polarization of T cell responses. This review summarizes the recent literature regarding the role of CLRs in the regulation of type 2 immune responses to allergens. RECENT FINDINGS In this review, we highlight the capacity of CLRs to recognize carbohydrates in common allergens triggering different signaling pathways involved in the polarization of CD4+ T cells towards specific Th2 responses. Under certain conditions, specific CLRs could also promote tolerogenic responses to allergens, which might well be exploited to develop novel therapeutic approaches of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), the single treatment with potential disease-modifying capacity for allergic disease. At this regard, polymerized allergens conjugated to non-oxidized mannan (allergoid-mannan conjugated) are next-generation vaccines targeting DCs via CLRs that promote regulatory T cells, thus favoring allergen tolerance both in preclinical models and clinical trials. A better understanding of the role of CLRs in the development of allergy and in the induction of allergen tolerance might well pave the way for the design of novel strategies for allergic diseases.
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88
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Wang S, Ai H, Zhang Y, Bi J, Gao H, Chen P, Li B. Functional Analysis of a Multiple-Domain CTL15 in the Innate Immunity, Eclosion, and Reproduction of Tribolium castaneum. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040608. [PMID: 36831275 PMCID: PMC9954269 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin X (CTL-X) plays critical roles in immune defense, cell adhesion, and developmental regulation. Here, a transmembrane CTL-X of Tribolium castaneum, TcCTL15, with multiple domains was characterized. It was highly expressed in the early and late pupae and early adults and was distributed in all examined tissues. In addition, its expression levels were significantly induced after being challenged with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and bacteria. In vitro, the recombinant TcCTL15 could recognize bacteria through binding PAMPs and exhibit agglutinating activity against a narrow range of bacteria in the presence of Ca2+. RNAi-mediated TcCTL15-knockdown-larvae infected with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed less survival, had activated immune signaling pathways, and induced the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes. Moreover, silencing TcCTL15 caused eclosion defects by impairing ecdysone and crustacean cardioactive peptide receptors (CCAPRs). Suppression of TcCTL15 in female adults led to defects in ovary development and fecundity, accompanied by concomitant reductions in the mRNA levels of vitellogenin (TcVg) and farnesol dehydrogenase (TcFDH). These findings imply that TcCTL15 has extensive functions in developmental regulation and antibacterial immunity. Uncovering the function of TcCTL15 will enrich the understanding of CTL-X in invertebrates. Its multiple biological functions endow the potential to be an attractive target for pest control.
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89
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Zhao BR, Wang XX, Liu PP, Wang XW. Complement-related proteins in crustacean immunity. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104577. [PMID: 36265592 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As an important part of innate immune system, complement system is widely involved in defense response and immune regulation, and plays an important biological role. The complement system has been deeply studied. More than 30 complement-related molecules and three major complement-activation pathways have been identified in vertebrates. Crustacean animals do not have complement system. There are only some complement-related proteins in crustaceans which are important for host defense. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about complement-related proteins in crustaceans, and their functions in crustacean immunity. We also make a comparation of the crustacean pro-phenoloxidase activating system and the mammalian complement system. This review provides a better understanding of the evolution and function of complement-related proteins in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Rui Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Ping-Ping Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Xian-Wei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, And State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
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90
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Hatinguais R, Willment JA, Brown GD. C-type lectin receptors in antifungal immunity: Current knowledge and future developments. Parasite Immunol 2023; 45:e12951. [PMID: 36114607 PMCID: PMC10078331 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) constitute a category of innate immune receptors that play an essential role in the antifungal immune response. For over two decades, scientists have uncovered what are the fungal ligands recognized by CLRs and how these receptors initiate the immune response. Such studies have allowed the identification of genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding for CLRs or for proteins involved in the signalisation cascade they trigger. Nevertheless, our understanding of how these receptors functions and the full extent of their function during the antifungal immune response is still at its infancy. In this review, we summarize some of the main findings about CLRs in antifungal immunity and discuss what the future might hold for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Hatinguais
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Janet A Willment
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Gordon D Brown
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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91
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Xiao Z, Yao X, Bai S, Wei J, An S. Involvement of an Enhanced Immunity Mechanism in the Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in Lepidopteran Pests. INSECTS 2023; 14:151. [PMID: 36835720 PMCID: PMC9965922 DOI: 10.3390/insects14020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is the safest, economically successful entomopathogen to date. It is extensively produced in transgenic crops or used in spray formulations to control Lepidopteran pests. The most serious threat to the sustainable usage of Bt is insect resistance. The resistance mechanisms to Bt toxins depend not only on alterations in insect receptors, but also on the enhancement of insect immune responses. In this work, we review the current knowledge of the immune response and resistance of insects to Bt formulations and Bt proteins, mainly in Lepidopteran pests. We discuss the pattern recognition proteins for recognizing Bt, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their synthetic signaling pathways, the prophenoloxidase system, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, nodulation, encapsulation, phagocytosis, and cell-free aggregates, which are involved in immune response reactions or resistance to Bt. This review also analyzes immune priming, which contributes to the evolution of insect resistance to Bt, and puts forward strategies to improve the insecticidal activity of Bt formulations and manage insect resistance, targeting the insect immune responses and resistance.
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92
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Kunchala SR, van Dijk A, Veldhuizen EJA, Donnellan SC, Haagsman HP, Orgeig S. Avian surfactant protein (SP)-A2 first arose in an early tetrapod before the divergence of amphibians and gradually lost the collagen domain. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104582. [PMID: 36306971 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The air-liquid interface of the mammalian lung is lined with pulmonary surfactants, a mixture of specific proteins and lipids that serve a dual purpose-enabling air-breathing and protection against pathogens. In mammals, surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP -D) are involved in innate defence of the lung. Birds seem to lack the SP-D gene, but possess SP-A2, an additional SP-A-like gene. Here we investigated the evolution of the SP-A and SP-D genes using computational gene prediction, homology, simulation modelling and phylogeny with published avian and other vertebrate genomes. PCR was used to confirm the identity and expression of SP-A analogues in various tissue homogenates of zebra finch and turkey. In silico analysis confirmed the absence of SP-D-like genes in all 47 published avian genomes. Zebra finch and turkey SP-A1 and SP-A2 sequences, confirmed by PCR of lung homogenates, were compared with sequenced and in silico predicted vertebrate homologs to construct a phylogenetic tree. The collagen domain of avian SP-A1, especially that of zebra finch, was dramatically shorter than that of mammalian SP-A. Amphibian and reptilian genomes also contain avian-like SP-A2 protein sequences with a collagen domain. NCBI Gnomon-predicted avian and alligator SP-A2 proteins all lacked the collagen domain completely. Both avian SP-A1 and SP-A2 sequences form separate clades, which are most closely related to their closest relatives, the alligators. The C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of zebra finch SP-A1 was structurally almost identical to that of rat SP-A. In fact, the CRD of SP-A is highly conserved among all the vertebrates. Birds retained a truncated version of mammalian type SP-A1 as well as a non-collagenous C-type lectin, designated SP-A2, while losing the large collagenous SP-D lectin, reflecting their evolutionary trajectory towards a unidirectional respiratory system. In the context of zoonotic infections, how these evolutionary changes affect avian pulmonary surface protection is not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Kunchala
- Centre for Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, UniSA Cancer Research Institute, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - Albert van Dijk
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Henk P Haagsman
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Orgeig
- Centre for Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, UniSA Cancer Research Institute, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, SA, 5001, Australia.
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93
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Wang L, Yu Y, Wang L, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Gao P, Ma J, Chen G, Kong X. The collectin subfamily member 11 (Ca-Colec11) from Qihe crucian carp (Carassius auratus) agglutinates and inhibits Aeromonas hydrophila and Staphylococcus aureus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 133:108543. [PMID: 36669601 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The collectin subfamily member 11 (Colec11), plays an important role in innate immunity as a pattern recognition molecule. In the present study, a colec11 homolog was identified and characterised from Qihe crucian carp, namely, Ca-colec11. The full-length cDNA of Ca-colec11 was composed of 1129 bp, with a 99 bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), 816 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 271-aa protein and 214 bp 3'-UTR with a polyadenylation signal sequence (aataaa) and a poly(A) tail. The deduced amino acid sequence of Ca-Colec11 contained a si gnal peptide, collagen domain, neck region and carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), which had four conserved cysteine residues (Cys170-Cys256 and Cys242-Cys264) and an EPN/WND motif required for carbohydrate-binding specificity. Tissue expression profile analysis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) showed that Ca-colec11 was ubiquitously distributed in the tested tissues and highly expressed in the liver. The gene expression levels of Ca-colec11 were evidently up-regulated in the liver, spleen, kidney and head kidney after infection with A. hydrophila and S. aureus. The recombinant Ca-Colec11 (rCa-Colec11) purified from Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) could agglutinate A. hydrophila and S. aureus, and it possessed haemagglutination activity against rabbit erythrocytes, which was inhibited by various carbohydrates, including d-Mannose, N-Acetyl-d-mannosamine, l-Fucose, d-Glucose, N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine, d-Galactose, LPS and PGN. Furthermore, rCa-Colec11 could inhibit the growth of A. hydrophila and S. aureus. These findings collectively demonstrated that Ca-Colec11, as a PRR, could play a role in the immune defence of Qihe crucian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China; Postdoctoral Research Station in Biological Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan Yu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Pei Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jinyou Ma
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Guangwen Chen
- Postdoctoral Research Station in Biological Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Xianghui Kong
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
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94
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Liu X, Gao J, Wei X, Zhang X, You L, Liu Y, Chen L, Liu C, Sun C, Tian X, Zhou Q, Zhang X. C-type lectin (CTL) and sialic acid-binding lectin (SABL) from Venerupis philippinarum: Function on PAMP binding and opsonic activities in immune responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 133:108554. [PMID: 36669603 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are a superfamily of carbohydrate-recognition proteins that bind to specific carbohydrate structures and play significant roles in immune recognition and clearance of invaders. In the study, we investigated the potential mechanisms of PAMP binding and opsonic activities of a c-type lectin and a sialic acid-binding lectin from manila clam Venerupis philippinarum (designed as VpCTL and VpSABL). Both recombinant proteins (rVpCTL and rVpSABL) could bind LPS, PGN, glucan and zymosan in vitro. Coinciding with the PAMPs binding assay, a broad agglutination spectrum was displayed by rVpSABL including gram-positive bacteria Staphyloccocus aureus, gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, Pseudomonas putida, Proteus mirabilis and fungi Pichia pastoris, while no agglutinative activities on P. mirabilis and P. putida was observed in rVpCTL. Moreover, the phagocytosis and encapsulation ability of hemocytes could be significantly enhanced by rVpCTL and rVpSABL. More remarkable, VpCTL and VpSABL were highly detected in all the examined tissues, especially in gills and hepatopancreas. All the results showed that VpCTL and VpSABL could function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) with distinct recognition spectrum, perhaps involved in the innate immune responses of V. philippinarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China; College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, PR China
| | - Jiqing Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Xinze Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Liping You
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Yuanjin Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Lizhu Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Caili Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Xiuhui Tian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Quanli Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China.
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95
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Zhang Y, Zhang P, Yu R, Li B. A C-type lectin TcCTL1 is required for embryogenesis in Tribolium castaneum. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104560. [PMID: 36191687 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectin S group (CTL-S) plays a variety of roles in invertebrate including pathogen recognition and activation of immune responses. Previous studies have shown that CTL-S subfamily of Tribolium castaneum is mainly divided into two clades, of which only TcCTL1 was separately located in one clade. However, it remains unclear whether TcCTL1 occurs the differentiation of function. Therefore, the CTL-S TcCTL1 gene was cloned and characterized from T. castaneum. Functional analysis revealed that TcCTL1 could recognize and agglutinate pathogens, as well as activate immune signaling pathways to participate in immune response, which was consistent with our previously reported for TcCTL5 and TcCTL6. Differently, RNAi of TcCTL1 discovered that the egg produced by dsTcCTL1-treated adult could not hatch into larvae. Further DAPI-straining embryo indicated that the process of embryogenesis in dsTcCTL1-treated beetle was defeated, implying that TcCTL1 is required for embryogenesis in T. castaneum except for immune response. These results will aid implications for the understanding of CTL-S in invertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Runnan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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96
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Martínez-Bailén M, Rojo J, Ramos-Soriano J. Multivalent glycosystems for human lectins. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:536-572. [PMID: 36545903 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00736c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human lectins are involved in a wide variety of biological processes, both physiological and pathological, which have attracted the interest of the scientific community working in the glycoscience field. Multivalent glycosystems have been employed as useful tools to understand carbohydrate-lectin binding processes as well as for biomedical applications. The review shows the different scaffolds designed for a multivalent presentation of sugars and their corresponding binding studies to lectins and in some cases, their biological activities. We summarise this research by organizing based on lectin types to highlight the progression in this active field. The paper provides an overall picture of how these contributions have furnished relevant information on this topic to help in understanding and participate in these carbohydrate-lectin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Martínez-Bailén
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain.
| | - Javier Rojo
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain.
| | - Javier Ramos-Soriano
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain.
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97
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Molecular Cloning and Characteristics of a Lectin from the Bivalve Glycymeris yessoensis. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020055. [PMID: 36827096 PMCID: PMC9965136 DOI: 10.3390/md21020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins that mediate multiple biological events, including adhesion between cells, the turnover of serum glycoproteins, and innate immune system reactions to prospective invaders. Here, we describe the cDNA cloning of lectin from the bivalve Glycymeris yessoensis (GYL), which encodes 161 amino acids and the C-type carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) with EPN and WND motifs. The deduced amino acid sequence showed similarity to other CTLs. GYL is a glycoprotein containing two N-glycosylation sites per subunit. N-glycans are made up of xylose, mannose, D-glucosamine, 3-O-methylated galactose, D-quinovoses, and 3-O-methylated 6-deoxy-D-glucose. The potential CRD tertiary structure of the GYL adopted CTL-typical long-form double-loop structure and included three disulfide bridges at the bases of the loops. Additionally, when confirming the GYL sequence, eight isoforms of this lectin were identified. This fact indicates the presence of a multigene family of GYL-like C-type lectins in the bivalve G. yessoensis. Using the glycan microarray approach, natural carbohydrate ligands were established, and the glycotope for GYL was reconstructed as "Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ obligatory containing an additional fragment", like a sulfate group or a methyl group of fucose or N-acetylgalactosamine residues.
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98
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Gent L, Schwalbe EC, Procopio N. The impact of maceration on the 'Osteo-ome'; a pilot investigation. J Proteomics 2023; 271:104754. [PMID: 36243311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The bone proteome, i.e., the 'osteo-ome', is a rich source of information for forensic studies. There have been advances in the study of biomolecule biomarkers for age-at-death (AAD) and post-mortem interval (PMI) estimations, by looking at changes in protein abundance and post-translational modifications (PTMs) at the peptide level. However, the extent to which other post-mortem factors alter the proteome, including 'maceration' procedures adopted in human taphonomy facilities (HTFs) to clean bones for osteological collections, is poorly understood. This pilot study aimed to characterise the impact of these 'cleaning' methods for de-fleshing skeletons on bone biomolecules, and therefore, what further impact this may have on putative biomarkers in future investigations. Three specific maceration procedures, varying in submersion time (one week or two days) and water temperature (55 °C or 87 °C) were conducted on six bovid tibiae from three individual bovines; the proteome of fresh and macerated bones of each individual was compared. The maceration at 87 °C for two days had the greatest proteomic impact, decreasing protein relative abundances and inducing specific PTMs. Overall, these results suggest that routinely-employed maceration procedures are harsh, variable and potentially threaten the viability of discovering new forensic biomarkers in macerated skeletal remains. SIGNIFICANCE: For the first time, the application of bone proteomics in understanding maceration procedures was conducted to help address the risks for experimental confounding associated with this post-mortem cleaning technique. This pilot study demonstrates that recent advances in biomarker discovery for post-mortem interval and age-at-death estimation using bone proteomics has potential for confounding by differing and destructive bone-cleaning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Gent
- Forensic Science Research Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; School of Natural Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, PR1 2HE Preston, UK
| | - Edward C Schwalbe
- Forensic Science Research Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Noemi Procopio
- Forensic Science Research Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; School of Natural Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, PR1 2HE Preston, UK.
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Orús-Alcalde A, Børve A, Hejnol A. The localization of Toll and Imd pathway and complement system components and their response to Vibrio infection in the nemertean Lineus ruber. BMC Biol 2023; 21:7. [PMID: 36635688 PMCID: PMC9835746 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate immunity is the first line of defense against pathogens. In animals, the Toll pathway, the Imd pathway, the complement system, and lectins are well-known mechanisms involved in innate immunity. Although these pathways and systems are well understood in vertebrates and arthropods, they are understudied in other invertebrates. RESULTS To shed light on immunity in the nemertean Lineus ruber, we performed a transcriptomic survey and identified the main components of the Toll pathway (e.g., myD88, dorsal/dif/NFκB-p65), the Imd pathway (e.g., imd, relish/NFκB-p105/100), the complement system (e.g., C3, cfb), and some lectins (FreD-Cs and C-lectins). In situ hybridization showed that TLRβ1, TLRβ2, and imd are expressed in the nervous system; the complement gene C3-1 is expressed in the gut; and the lectins are expressed in the nervous system, the blood, and the gut. To reveal their potential role in defense mechanisms, we performed immune challenge experiments, in which Lineus ruber specimens were exposed to the gram-negative bacteria Vibrio diazotrophicus. Our results show the upregulation of specific components of the Toll pathway (TLRα3, TLRβ1, and TLRβ2), the complement system (C3-1), and lectins (c-lectin2 and fred-c5). CONCLUSIONS Therefore, similarly to what occurs in other invertebrates, our study shows that components of the Toll pathway, the complement system, and lectins are involved in the immune response in the nemertean Lineus ruber. The presence of these pathways and systems in Lineus ruber, but also in other spiralians; in ecdysozoans; and in deuterostomes suggests that these pathways and systems were involved in the immune response in the stem species of Bilateria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Orús-Alcalde
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53A, 5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Aina Børve
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53A, 5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Andreas Hejnol
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway ,grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53A, 5006 Bergen, Norway ,grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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Rothschild-Rodriguez D, Hedges M, Kaplan M, Karav S, Nobrega FL. Phage-encoded carbohydrate-interacting proteins in the human gut. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1083208. [PMID: 36687636 PMCID: PMC9853417 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1083208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the human gastrointestinal tract, the gut mucosa and the bacterial component of the microbiota interact and modulate each other to accomplish a variety of critical functions. These include digestion aid, maintenance of the mucosal barrier, immune regulation, and production of vitamins, hormones, and other metabolites that are important for our health. The mucus lining of the gut is primarily composed of mucins, large glycosylated proteins with glycosylation patterns that vary depending on factors including location in the digestive tract and the local microbial population. Many gut bacteria have evolved to reside within the mucus layer and thus encode mucus-adhering and -degrading proteins. By doing so, they can influence the integrity of the mucus barrier and therefore promote either health maintenance or the onset and progression of some diseases. The viral members of the gut - mostly composed of bacteriophages - have also been shown to have mucus-interacting capabilities, but their mechanisms and effects remain largely unexplored. In this review, we discuss the role of bacteriophages in influencing mucosal integrity, indirectly via interactions with other members of the gut microbiota, or directly with the gut mucus via phage-encoded carbohydrate-interacting proteins. We additionally discuss how these phage-mucus interactions may influence health and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morgen Hedges
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Merve Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Sercan Karav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Franklin L. Nobrega
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Franklin L. Nobrega, ✉
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