51
|
Zammit AR, Robitaille A, Piccinin AM, Muniz-Terrera G, Hofer SM. Associations Between Aging-Related Changes in Grip Strength and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019. [PMID: 29528368 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Grip strength and cognitive function reflect upper body muscle strength and mental capacities. Cross-sectional research has suggested that in old age these two processes are moderately to highly associated, and that an underlying common cause drives this association. Our aim was to synthesize and evaluate longitudinal research addressing whether changes in grip strength are associated with changes in cognitive function in healthy older adults. METHODS We systematically reviewed English-language research investigating the longitudinal association between repeated measures of grip strength and of cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults to evaluate the extent to which the two indices decline concurrently. We used four search engines: Embase, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science. RESULTS Of 459 unique citations, 6 met our full criteria: 4 studies reported a longitudinal association between rates of change in grip strength and cognitive function in older adults, 2 of which reported the magnitudes of these associations as ranging from low to moderate; 2 studies reported significant cross-sectional but not longitudinal associations among rates of change. All studies concluded that cognitive function and grip strength declined, on average, with increasing age, although with little to no evidence for longitudinal associations among rates of change. CONCLUSIONS Future research is urged to expand the study of physical and cognitive associations in old age using a within-person and multi-study integrative approach to evaluate the reliability of longitudinal results with greater emphasis on the magnitude of this association. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42016038544.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R Zammit
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Annie Robitaille
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Graciela Muniz-Terrera
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Canada.,Centre for Dementia Prevention, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Scott M Hofer
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Canada.,Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Pieczyńska A, Zasadzka E, Trzmiel T, Pawlaczyk M. Physical Activity and Fitness in White- and Blue-Collar Retired Men. Am J Mens Health 2019; 13:1557988319891360. [PMID: 31849269 PMCID: PMC6920597 DOI: 10.1177/1557988319891360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The average life expectancy has increased and despite a distinct feminization of
aging, the number of older males continues to grow. Physical activity has a
positive effect on health and helps to slow down the negative consequences of
aging. The aim of the study was to evaluate possible relationships between
physical fitness, physical activity and type of work during occupational
activity among retired men (aged ≥65 years), no longer professionally active.
The study included 104 men (aged from 65 to 90 years), further stratified into
blue- and white-collar groups (66 and 38 subjects, respectively). The
International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess their
physical activity levels. Physical performance was assessed using the Short
Physical Performance Battery test (SPPB) and handgrip strength (HGS)
measurement. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to identify the risk for
depression. Mean physical activity in the study population was moderate in
almost 70%, high in 19% and low in 11% of the subjects. Men with high physical
activity levels had better SPPB and GDS scores (p = .01 and
p = .001, respectively). In the blue-collar group, the IPAQ
scores were lower than in the white-collar group, although the differences were
statistically insignificant. The SPPB scores and mean HGS for the dominant hand
were similar in both groups. Occupational physical activity should not
substitute other forms of physical activity. Regardless of the type of work
performed before retirement, the men obtained similar results in terms of their
physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pieczyńska
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Ewa Zasadzka
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Tomasz Trzmiel
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Mariola Pawlaczyk
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Sarcopenia prevalence and associations with mortality and hospitalisation by various sarcopenia definitions in 85-89 year old community-dwelling men: a report from the ULSAM study. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:318. [PMID: 31747923 PMCID: PMC6864927 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Operational definitions of sarcopenia, i.e. loss of muscle function and mass, have been proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Sarcopenia Project (FNIH). The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence and outcome, i.e. all-cause mortality and hospitalisation, of sarcopenia and its diagnostic components in octogenarian community-dwelling men. Methods In total 287 men, aged 85–89 y, participating in the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM) underwent Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), measurement of hand grip strength (HGS), gait speed (GS), and a five-times chair stand test (CS). Sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia were defined according to EWGSOP (2010), EWGSOP2 (2018), and FNIH (2014). All-cause mortality and hospitalisations over 3 years were registered. Results Sarcopenia according to EWGSOP, EWGSOP2 and FNIH was observed in 21%, 20%, and 8% of the men, respectively, while probable sarcopenia (EWGSOP2; eq. reduced muscle strength only) was seen in 73%. “Sarcopenia (EWGSOP)” and “probable sarcopenia (EWGSOP2)” were associated with increased mortality (HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.12–3.40 and HR 3.26, 95% CI 1.38–7.70, respectively). “Probable sarcopenia (EWGSOP2)” was associated with days of hospitalisation (RR 2.12, 95% CI 1.36–3.30), whereas sarcopenia according to FNIH showed an association with the number of hospitalisations (RR 1.75, 95% CI 1.10–2.81). Conclusions In very old men, reduced muscle strength, i.e. probable sarcopenia, was common and associated with mortality and length of stay during hospitalisation. When combined with low muscle mass (according to DXA), i.e. sarcopenia, the various definitions were associated more weakly with the adverse outcomes. The findings support the emphasis on reduced muscle strength as the major determinant of sarcopenia.
Collapse
|
54
|
Bartholomae E, Incollingo A, Vizcaino M, Wharton C, Johnston CS. Mung Bean Protein Supplement Improves Muscular Strength in Healthy, Underactive Vegetarian Adults. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102423. [PMID: 31614532 PMCID: PMC6836142 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although vegetarian diets are considered generally protective against chronic disease, nutrient deficiencies, including protein, are possible due to low bioavailability from plant-based sources. The consequences of inadequate dietary protein include reduced lean body mass (LBM) and muscle weakness. This study examined relationships between protein intake, strength, and LBM in 37 underactive vegetarians and recorded the impact of protein supplementation (18 g/day mung bean protein) on these indices utilizing an eight-week, randomized, controlled, feeding trial. Both handgrip and knee flexor and extensor strength were measured at baseline and week eight. At baseline, LBM was significantly related to grams of protein consumed daily. LBM was also correlated to grip strength (r = 0.569, p < 0.001) and lower body strength (r = 0.763 to 0.784; p < 0.001). Twenty-five vegetarians completed the feeding trial, including 11 in the protein supplementation group (PRO) and 14 in the control group (CON). At the end of the trial, LBM and strength did not differ significantly between groups. However, the average percent change for grip, flexor, and extensor strength did differ between PRO and CON participants (+2.9 ± 7.2% and −2.6 ± 7.3% respectively, p = 0.05). Thus, there were strong associations between dietary protein, LBM, and strength in vegetarians and an indication that supplementary vegetarian protein increased strength in the absence of exercise and independent of LBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Bartholomae
- College of Health Solutions, Nutrition Program, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3rd St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - April Incollingo
- College of Health Solutions, Radical Simplicity Lab, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3rd St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Maricarmen Vizcaino
- College of Health Solutions, Radical Simplicity Lab, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3rd St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Christopher Wharton
- College of Health Solutions, Radical Simplicity Lab, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3rd St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Carol S Johnston
- College of Health Solutions, Nutrition Program, Arizona State University, 550 N. 3rd St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Liu MA, DuMontier C, Murillo A, Hshieh TT, Bean JF, Soiffer RJ, Stone RM, Abel GA, Driver JA. Gait speed, grip strength, and clinical outcomes in older patients with hematologic malignancies. Blood 2019; 134:374-382. [PMID: 31167800 PMCID: PMC6659254 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate whether gait speed and grip strength predicted clinical outcomes among older adults with blood cancers. We prospectively recruited 448 patients aged 75 years and older presenting for initial consultation at the myelodysplastic syndrome/leukemia, myeloma, or lymphoma clinic of a large tertiary hospital, who agreed to assessment of gait and grip. A subset of 314 patients followed for ≥6 months at local institutions was evaluated for unplanned hospital or emergency department (ED) use. We used Cox proportional hazard models calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for survival, and logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for hospital or ED use. Mean age was 79.7 (± 4.0 standard deviation) years. After adjustment for age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, cognition, treatment intensity, and cancer aggressiveness/type, every 0.1-m/s decrease in gait speed was associated with higher mortality (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.12-1.29), odds of unplanned hospitalizations (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.16-1.51), and ED visits (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.17-1.53). Associations held among patients with good Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (0 or 1). Every 5-kg decrease in grip strength was associated with worse survival (adjusted HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.07-1.43) but not hospital or ED use. A model with gait speed and all covariates had comparable predictive power to comprehensive validated frailty indexes (phenotype and cumulative deficit) and all covariates. In summary, gait speed is an easily obtained "vital sign" that accurately identifies frailty and predicts outcomes independent of performance status among older patients with blood cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Liu
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Clark DuMontier
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Tammy T Hshieh
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan F Bean
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA; and
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | - Jane A Driver
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Wang YC, Liang CK, Hsu YH, Peng LN, Chu CS, Liao MC, Shen HC, Chou MY, Lin YT. Synergistic effect of low handgrip strength and malnutrition on 4-year all-cause mortality in older males: A prospective longitudinal cohort study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 83:217-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
57
|
Kwak Y, Kim Y, Chung H. Sex-Associated Differences in the Handgrip Strength of Elderly Individuals. West J Nurs Res 2019; 42:262-268. [PMID: 31204618 DOI: 10.1177/0193945919856304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify sex-specific factors associated with handgrip strength in elderly individuals. The analysis cohort comprised 1,197 men and 1,384 women aged ≥65 years. In men, factors associated with low handgrip strength included advanced age; low body mass index; low frequency of performing flexibility exercises; limited self-care ability (which is a measure of the health-related quality of life); and the presence of diabetes, stroke, or osteoporosis (R² = 0.285, F = 7.52, p < .001). In women, the factors included advanced age, low body mass index, low frequency of performing muscle strengthening exercises, stress, and osteoarthritis (R² = 0.225, F = 4.17, p < .001). Effective health-promoting interventions for elderly individuals require the development of individualized programs that enhance handgrip strength while considering sex-related factors.
Collapse
|
58
|
Moderate Increase in Protein Intake Promotes a Small Additional Improvement in Functional Capacity, But Not in Muscle Strength and Lean Mass Quality, in Postmenopausal Women Following Resistance Exercise: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061323. [PMID: 31200437 PMCID: PMC6627078 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a moderate increase in protein intake on muscle strength, functional capacity and lean mass quality improvements in postmenopausal women following resistance exercise. Forty-seven postmenopausal women were randomized in two groups: Normal protein (NP, n = 25), who received a dietary plan containing ~0.8 g protein·kg-1·d-1 (recommended dietary allowance-RDA recommendations); and higher protein (HP, n = 22), which a moderate increase in protein intake was recommended (~1.2 g protein·kg-1·d-1). Resistance training was performed for 10 weeks, three times/week. Muscle strength (handgrip strength and one repetition maximum test-1-RM), functional capacity and lean mass (LM) quality (muscle strength to lean mass ratio) were evaluated. Dietary intake was assessed by nine 24 h food recalls. After intervention, both groups increased similarly the leg extension 1-RM and handgrip strength. Regarding functional capacity tests, both groups increased the balance test score (SPPB) and 10 m walk test speed, with no differences between the groups. In addition, an increase in speed to perform the 6 min and 400 m walk tests was observed over the time, with an additional improvement in the HP group (time × group interaction; p = 0.007 and p = 0.004, respectively). About LM quality, leg extension 1-RM/leg LM improved over the time in both groups (p = 0.050), with no time × group interaction. All these significant changes had a low effect size. In conclusion, a moderate increase in protein intake promoted a small additional improvement in functional capacity, but it did not induce a greater increase in strength and LM quality after 10 weeks of resistance exercise in postmenopausal women. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03024125.
Collapse
|
59
|
Han KM, Chang J, Yoon HK, Ko YH, Ham BJ, Kim YK, Han C. Relationships between hand-grip strength, socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. J Affect Disord 2019; 252:263-270. [PMID: 30991254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms have been found to be associated with decreased hand-grip strength (HGS) and low socioeconomic status (SES) in older adults. We aimed to investigate the potential moderating effect of SES on the association between HGS and depressive symptoms and the potential mediating effect of HGS on the association between SES and depressive symptoms using a nationally representative sample of older adults. METHOD Data from 3169 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older were acquired from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2014 and 2016. HGS was measured using a digital hand-grip dynamometer. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the 9-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). SES was assessed using equivalent monthly household income and education level. RESULTS Older adults in the lowest tertile of HGS measures were more likely to have experienced depressive symptoms compared to those in the highest tertile (odds ratio = 1.95, 95% confidence interval = 1.25-2.74). A significant moderating effect of household income level was observed on the association between HGS and PHQ-9 score (P = 0.014). Older adults with a low income had a stronger inverse correlation between HGS and PHQ-9 score compared to those with a high income (low income: beta = -0.162, P < 0.001; high income: beta = -0.119, P = 0.036). HGS partially mediated the association between low income and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that there may be a stronger relationship between low HGS and depressive symptoms in socioeconomically deprived older people. Further research on muscle strength and income level in older adults is required regarding depression risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoon Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Eunpyeong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Kyoung Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsu Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Zhang X, Huang L, Peng X, Xie Y, Bao X, Huang J, Wang P. Association of handgrip strength with hypertension among middle-aged and elderly people in Southern China: A cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2019; 42:190-196. [DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2019.1601206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia. Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lingling. Huang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Lida University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin. Peng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yixian. Xie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu. Bao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Junxuan. Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Peixi. Wang
- General Practice Center, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
- Institute of Public Health, School of Nursing, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Zhang L, Guo L, Wu H, Gong X, Lv J, Yang Y. Role of physical performance measures for identifying functional disability among Chinese older adults: Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215693. [PMID: 30998757 PMCID: PMC6472820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Functional disability is a common health burden in older adults and follows a hierarchical pattern. Physical performance measures are useful for the objective estimation of functional disability. This study primarily aimed to compare the validity of handgrip strength and gait speed, alone and in combination, for recognizing the functional disability among Chinese older adults. This study also aimed to stratify the functional disability according to the criterion-referenced values of handgrip strength and gait speed. Methods We selected 6127 respondents from the 2011 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Here, we defined functional disability as needing any help in any items of activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). To assess the validity of physical performance measures alone and in combination for the recognition of functional disability, we conducted the receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results Compared with handgrip strength, the gait speed could better discriminate ADL disability and showed a satisfactory discriminant validity (area under the curve ≥ 0.7) in men. However, this finding was not found in the recognition of IADL disability. When combining these two measures, the parallel test showed a high sensitivity with a poor specificity, whereas the serial test showed a perfect specificity with a poor sensitivity. Conclusion We developed the hierarchical cut-off values of handgrip strength and gait speed for identifying and stratifying the functional disability among Chinese adults over 60 years old. The speed test was superior to handgrip strength in identifying ADL disability. The parallel tests of those with high sensitivity perhaps could help identify the functional disability. Further work on cost-utility analysis is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linwen Guo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huitao Wu
- Medical Big Data Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowen Gong
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junqi Lv
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Gopinath B, Liew G, Burlutsky G, Mitchell P. Associations Between Vision, Hearing, and Olfactory Impairment With Handgrip Strength. J Aging Health 2019; 32:654-659. [PMID: 30983468 DOI: 10.1177/0898264319843724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to assess the cross-sectional associations between sensory impairments (vision, hearing, and/or olfactory loss) and handgrip strength. Method: In the Blue Mountains Eye Study, 947 participants aged 65+ years had handgrip strength measured using a dynamometer. Visual impairment was defined as visual acuity <20/40 (better eye), and hearing impairment as average pure-tone air conduction threshold >25 dBHL (500-4,000 Hz). Olfaction was measured using the San Diego Odor Identification Test. Results: Marginally significant associations between sensory impairment and handgrip strength were observed after multivariable adjustment. For example, women with two or three sensory impairments had lower adjusted mean handgrip strength (17.47 ± 0.5 kg) versus women who had no sensory loss (18.59 ± 0.3 kg; p = .06) or only one sensory impairment (18.58 ± 0.3 kg; p = .05), respectively. No significant associations were observed in men. Discussion: Women who had multiple sensory impairments had reduced muscle strength as indicated by ~1.1 kg lower mean handgrip strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerald Liew
- The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Paul Mitchell
- The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Volaklis K, Mamadjanov T, Meisinger C, Linseisen J. Association between muscular strength and depressive symptoms : A narrative review. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019; 131:255-264. [PMID: 30963333 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-019-1491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for an association between low muscular strength and depressive symptoms. In this review the existing literature on the association between muscular strength and depression particularly in older people as reported in epidemiological studies is summarized. From the literature search, conducted in PubMed (January 1980-May 2018), 17 papers (8 cross-sectional and 9 longitudinal studies) were selected. All cross-sectional studies reported significantly lower odds of having depressive symptoms with increased levels of muscular strength and this association persisted even after adjusting for several confounders including the level of physical activity. The majority of the longitudinal studies also reported that low muscular strength was independently associated with a higher risk of developing depression but more studies are needed to confirm this evidence. Furthermore, future investigations are needed to explore the exact mechanisms of muscular strength in relation to depression. Low muscular strength is a modifiable factor for depression, which is of great public health interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Volaklis
- Lehrstuhl für Epidemiologie, LMU München am UNIKA-T, Neusaesser Str. 47, 86156, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Temur Mamadjanov
- Lehrstuhl für Epidemiologie, LMU München am UNIKA-T, Neusaesser Str. 47, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Lehrstuhl für Epidemiologie, LMU München am UNIKA-T, Neusaesser Str. 47, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jacob Linseisen
- Lehrstuhl für Epidemiologie, LMU München am UNIKA-T, Neusaesser Str. 47, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Baptista M, Kugel J, Javaherian H, Krpalek D. Functional Outcomes of a Community Occupation-Based Hand Therapy Class for Older Adults. PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2018.1556230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marci Baptista
- School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Julie Kugel
- School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Heather Javaherian
- School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Dragana Krpalek
- School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Is there sufficient evidence to supplement omega-3 fatty acids to increase muscle mass and strength in young and older adults? Clin Nutr 2019; 39:23-32. [PMID: 30661906 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Omega-3 (ω-3) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties that presents three main forms: alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. Recently, studies performed in both young and older adults suggest that ω-3 may improve gains in muscle mass and/or enhance physical function. Thus, the aim of this narrative review was to evaluate the current evidence of ω-3 intake/supplementation on muscle/lean mass (LM) and physical function in young and older adults, and draw research-based conclusions as to the practical implications of findings. We first assessed whether ω-3 intake is associated with muscle mass and strength (observational studies), and then sought to determine whether evidence shows that supplementation of ω-3 increases muscle protein synthesis, LM and strength in adults and older adults (interventional studies). The search was carried out in PubMed and Scopus databases for the periods between 1997 and November 2018. The following keywords were used alone and in combination: ω-3, fish oil, muscle protein synthesis, muscle mass, lean mass, body composition, and physical function. In general, the evidence is mixed as to the effects of ω-3 supplementation on muscle mass in sedentary young and older adults; the hypertrophic effects of supplementation when combined with resistance training remain equivocal. Moreover, there is conflicting evidence as to whether supplementation confers a beneficial effect on muscle function in older adults. Importantly, this conclusion is based on limited data and more studies are needed before ω-3 supplementation can be recommended as a viable strategy for such purposes in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
66
|
Kwak Y, Kim Y. Quality of life and subjective health status according to handgrip strength in the elderly: a cross-sectional study. Aging Ment Health 2019; 23:107-112. [PMID: 29035098 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1387766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine potential associations between handgrip strength and health-related quality of life, or subjective health status, in the elderly. METHOD We performed secondary data analysis on 2377 elderly individuals aged >65 years. Raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2014-2015), were drawn from a representative national sample. RESULTS Of those aged ≥65 years or older, 25.4% had low handgrip strength. After adjusting for confounding variables, the odds ratios of elderly individuals with low handgrip strength were 1.30 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.69) for mobility, 2.18 (95% CI: 1.47-3.22) for self-care, 1.70 (95% CI: 1.30-2.23) for usual activities, 1.30 (95% CI: 1.01-1.67) for pain/discomfort, 1.03 (95% CI: 0.74-1.44) for anxiety/depression, 1.44 (95% CI: 1.10-1.87) for the EQ-5D index, and 1.37 (95% CI: 1.08-1.73) for subjective health status. CONCLUSION Health-related quality of life and subjective health status differ according to handgrip strength. Therefore, handgrip strength should be addressed to improve quality of life in elderly individuals. Elderly individuals require exercise education and adequate nutritional intake to increase handgrip strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeunhee Kwak
- a Red Cross College of Nursing , Chung-Ang University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjung Kim
- a Red Cross College of Nursing , Chung-Ang University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Abstract
Exceptional longevity represents an extreme phenotype. Current centenarians are survivors of a cohort who display delayed onset of age-related diseases and/or resistance to otherwise lethal illnesses occurring earlier in life. Characteristics of aging are heterogeneous, even among long-lived individuals. Associations between specific clinical or genetic biomarkers exist, but there is unlikely to be a single biomarker predictive of long life. Careful observations in the oldest old offer some empirical strategies that favor increased health span and life span, with implications for compression of disability, identification and implementation of lifestyle behaviors that promote independence, identification and measurement of more reliable markers associated with longevity, better guidance for appropriate health screenings, and promotion of anticipatory health discussions in the setting of more accurate prognostication. Comprehensive PubMed literature searches were performed, with an unbiased focus on mechanisms of longevity. Overall, the aggregate literature supports that the basis for exceptional longevity is multifactorial and involves disparate combinations of genes, environment, resiliency, and chance, all of which are influenced by culture and geography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Pignolo
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Dos Reis AS, Santos HO, Limirio LS, de Oliveira EP. Phase Angle Is Associated With Handgrip Strength but Not With Sarcopenia in Kidney Transplantation Patients. J Ren Nutr 2018; 29:196-204. [PMID: 30583912 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Phase angle (PhA) is a cell health marker and has been associated with muscle mass and strength in non-kidney disease individuals. However, it is unknown whether PhA is a predictor of sarcopenia and its components in kidney transplantation patients. The aim of the present study was to associate PhA with sarcopenia and its components in kidney transplantation patients. DESIGN AND METHODS One hundred and twenty-nine kidney transplantation individuals were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. PhA and muscle mass were evaluated using bioelectrical impedance. Handgrip strength (HGS) was performed with a hand dynamometer and functional capacity with 4-m walk test. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the European Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for Sarcopenia. Participants were divided according to the PhA tercile, and 2 groups were evaluated: first versus second and third terciles, according to sex. The individuals in the first tercile had PhA values <5.8° and <6.2° for women and men, respectively. RESULTS Individuals in the lower tercile of PhA showed lower odds of having higher values of HGS (kg; odds ratio [OR] = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82-0.97) and higher odds to have low HGS (OR = 5.97; 95% CI: 1.05-33.98). However, PhA was not associated with sarcopenia (OR = 1.95; 95% CI: 0.71-5.39), low muscle mass index (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.41-3.36), and low functional capacity (OR = 2.47; 95% CI: 0.45-13.48). CONCLUSION PhA was associated with HGS but not with sarcopenia and its other components. These results suggest that PhA can be used as a possible predictor of muscle strength in kidney transplantation patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline S Dos Reis
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa S Limirio
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Erick P de Oliveira
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Lee BK. Comparison of Prevalence of Hypertension and Medical Expenses According to the Level of Physical Activity of Korean Adults. THE ASIAN JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2018.20.4.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
70
|
STEEMBURGO T, AVERBUCH NC, BELIN CHS, BEHLING EB. Hand Grip Strength and nutritional status in hospitalized oncological patients. REV NUTR 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652018000500006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the nutritional status and functional capacity of hospitalized adult patients. Methods Cross-sectional study of adult oncology patients at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Patients were evaluated according to Solid Tumors and Hematologic Tumors. The nutritional status was obtained using Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment, and the functional capacity was evaluated by Handgrip Strength using a Jamar® dynamometer – and the Performance Index of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Results This study evaluated 76 patients (56±17 years old, 35.5% female), 63.2% with Solid Tumors and 36.8% with Hematologic Tumors. According to the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment, 53.9% of the patients were moderately and severely malnourished and demonstrated functional capacity, according to the Handgrip Strength and Performance Index of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, of 47.9% and 32.2%, respectively. The functional capacity instruments showed a moderate agreement (Kappa=0.427, p<0.001) and positive correlation (r=0.136, p=0.028). Severely malnourished patients had a lower Handgrip Strength when compared to well nourished (24.0±10.4 vs. 34.2±16.6kg, p=0.015). The results were confirmed among moderately and severely malnourished patients, who were rated at the 40 percentile, considered low functional capacity. Conclusion In this study, hospitalized oncological patients presented poor nutritional status and low functional capacity. The Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment identifies the nutritional specification earlier. In addition, Handgrip Strength dynamometry can be a useful tool to evaluate the low functional capacity and nutritional status. It can be included in cancer patient’s evaluation, along with other nutritional assessment tools.
Collapse
|
71
|
Lee MR, Jung SM, Bang H, Kim HS, Kim YB. The association between muscular strength and depression in Korean adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI) 2014. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1123. [PMID: 30219042 PMCID: PMC6139143 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are conflicting researches on the relationship between muscular strength and depression, the most common mental illness. There is no study of relationship between muscular strength and depression using national data from young adults to seniors. For example, there has not been a study done explaining mediating pathways among the influences of handgrip strength on depression. Here, we conducted survey for the association between relative handgrip strength and depression and explain mediated pathways for quality of life. Methods A cross-sectional study was administered to 4298 Korean adult subjects, aged 19–80 years, based on the 6th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI) of 2014. Handgrip strength reported as the average with each hand. The relative handgrip strength is defined as the handgrip strength divided by the body mass index (BMI). We performed analysis for all subjects and age groups (young adult, middle-aged, and elderly). We analyzed the association using multivariate linear regression and logistic regression. We also conducted mediation analysis for quality of life, which was measured by the EuroQol Five-Dimension Questionnaire (EQ5D). Results After adjusting for covariates, handgrip strength was inversely associated with the PHQ-9 score (P < 0.05). The odds ratios (OR) of depression symptoms were statistically significant for participants in the first and second quartile of handgrip strength compared to those with the highest quartile in entire sample, young adult, middle-aged, and elderly. There was about a 50% mediation effect of EQ5D in the relationship between handgrip strength and depression. Conclusions Using a large national sample, our results found that lower handgrip strength is associated with an increased risk of depression in Korean adult (young adult, middle-aged, and elderly). Our results suggest that increasing muscular strength may prevent depression in Korean adults. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6030-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Ri Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 30, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Jung
- Department of Surgery, Inje Univ. Ilsan Paik Hospital, 170 Juhwa-ro, IlsanSeo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10380, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Bang
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 30, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Sung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 30, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bae Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 30, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Suwa M, Imoto T, Kida A, Yokochi T, Iwase M, Kozawa K. Poor toe flexor strength, but not handgrip strength, is associated with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in middle-aged males. Endocr J 2018; 65:611-620. [PMID: 29593144 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that reduced muscular strength was one of the potential predictor of prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between toe flexor strength (TFS) and handgrip strength (HGS) and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 1,390 Japanese males (35-59 years). TFS and HGS were measured and medical examinations undertaken. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was defined as fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL, glycated hemoglobin ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol), and/or current use of anti-diabetes mellitus drugs. A total of 114 participants had diabetes mellitus. TFS in participants with diabetes mellitus was significantly lower than that in persons not suffering from diabetes mellitus but HGS was not. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) per 1-standard deviation-increase in muscular strength measurements for the prevalence of diabetes mellitus were obtained using a multiple logistic regression model. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus was inversely related to TFS (OR 0.769, 95% CI 0.614-0.963), TFS/body mass (BM) (0.696, 0.545-0.889) and TFS/body mass index (BMI) (0.690, 0.539-0.882) after adjustment of covariates. Such associations were not observed in HGS (OR 0.976, 95% CI 0.773-1.232), HGS/BM (0.868, 0.666-1.133) or HGS/BMI (0.826, 0.642-1.062). These results suggested that poor TFS was associated with an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus independent of visceral fat accumulation, but HGS was not, in middle-aged males. TFS may be a better marker for the prevalence of diabetes mellitus than HGS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Suwa
- Health Support Center WELPO, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Aichi, 444-2225, Japan
| | - Takayuki Imoto
- Health Support Center WELPO, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Aichi, 444-2225, Japan
| | - Akira Kida
- Health Support Center WELPO, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Aichi, 444-2225, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokochi
- Health Support Center WELPO, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Aichi, 444-2225, Japan
- Midtown Clinic Meieki, Nagoya, Aichi, 450-6305, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Kozawa
- Health Support Center WELPO, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Aichi, 444-2225, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Kang SY, Lim J, Park HS. Relationship between low handgrip strength and quality of life in Korean men and women. Qual Life Res 2018; 27:2571-2580. [PMID: 29922911 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-1920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Handgrip strength is strongly related to muscle power in the extremities and is an important index for diagnosing sarcopenia. We evaluated the relationship between handgrip strength and quality of life (QoL) in Korean men and women. METHODS We analyzed 4620 participants (2070 men and 2550 women) using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI-3 (2015). Low handgrip strength was defined as the lower quartile of handgrip strength in the study population. QoL was evaluated according to the European Quality of Life Scale-Five Dimensions (EQ-5D). The relationship between handgrip strength and QoL was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The odds ratios (ORs) for low handgrip strength significantly increased as age increased for both men and women. The ORs for low handgrip strength increased as body mass index decreased in men. In men with low handgrip strength, the OR for having problems in mobility (OR 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.98) and having pain or discomfort (1.53, 1.04-2.24) significantly increased. In women with low handgrip strength, the OR for having problems in mobility (2.12, 1.02-2.87), problems in usual activities (2.04, 1.46-2.85), and having pain or discomfort (1.48, 1.15-1.90) significantly increased. CONCLUSION Men with low handgrip strength had poor QoL on the mobility and pain/discomfort dimensions of EQ-5D, whereas women with low handgrip strength had poor QoL on mobility, usual activities, and pain/discomfort dimensions. Management to improve handgrip strength is necessary for achieving better QoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Young Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro-43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jisun Lim
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro-43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hye Soon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro-43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Brooks JM, Titus AJ, Bruce ML, Orzechowski NM, Mackenzie TA, Bartels SJ, Batsis JA. Depression and Handgrip Strength Among U.S. Adults Aged 60 Years and Older from NHANES 2011-2014. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:938-943. [PMID: 30272097 PMCID: PMC6168750 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sarcopenia is a gradual loss of muscle mass and strength that occurs with aging. This muscle deterioration is linked to increased morbidity, disability, and other adverse outcomes. Although reduced handgrip strength can be considered a marker of sarcopenia and other aging-related decline in the elderly, there is limited research on this physical health problem in at-risk groups with common biopsychosocial conditions such as depression. Our primary objective was to ascertain level of combined handgrip strength and its relationship with depression among adults aged 60 years and older. DESIGN Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models were conducted with a cross-sectional survey dataset. SETTING Secondary dataset from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling, non-institutionalized adults ≥60 years old (n=3,421). MEASUREMENTS The predictor variables included a positive screen for clinically relevant depression (referent=PHQ-9 score <10). The criterion variable of combined handgrip strength (kg) was determined using a dynamometer. RESULTS Mean age and BMI were 69.9 years (51.5% female) and 28.8 kg/m2, respectively. Mean combined handgrip strength in the overall cohort was 73.5 and 46.6 kg in males and females, respectively. Three hundred thirty-six (9.8%) reported symptoms of depression. In unadjusted and fully adjusted models, depression was significantly associated with reduced handgrip strength (B = -0.26±0.79 and B = -0.19±0.08, respectively; p<0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate handgrip strength has a significant inverse association with depression. Future longitudinal studies should investigate the causal processes and potential moderators and mediators of the relationships between depression and reduced handgrip strength. This information may further encourage the use of depression and handgrip strength assessments and aid in the monitoring and implementation of health care services that address both physical and mental health limitations among older adult populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Brooks
- Jessica M. Brooks, Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Psychiatry, 46, Centerra Parkway, Lebanon, NH. USA 03766 E-mail: , Phone number: (603) 653-3436
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
75
|
Bentes CM, Resende M, Miranda H, Netto CC, Marinheiro LPF. Can Vitamin D supplementation alone effective to increase a physical fitness levels in post-menopausal women with metabolic disorders? Brief Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:65-68. [PMID: 28855070 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the climacteric period, occur an aging process of the skin, and promote several decreases in the ability of vitamin D synthesis in an organism and lower levels of Vitamin D may contribute to the appearance of conditions such as osteomalacia, osteoporosis, falls and fractures. AIM The present brief review focuses on the influence of Vitamin D supplementation alone on physical fitness (strength, endurance, and balance) in postmenopausal with diseases or not. METHODS Search in Medline and PubMed relevant articles with Vitamin D supplementation alone on physical fitness (strength, endurance, and balance) in postmenopausal with diseases or not, were included only 5 clinical. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the effectiveness depends on the amount was prescribed for supplementation and the patient's characteristics. Doses less than 1000 IU/d did not show significant changes in physical fitness on post-menopausal women with metabolic diseases or not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio M Bentes
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fernandes Figueira Institute, Gynecologic and Obstetrics Department, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Physical Education, Graduate Program, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Monique Resende
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fernandes Figueira Institute, Gynecologic and Obstetrics Department, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Humberto Miranda
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fernandes Figueira Institute, Gynecologic and Obstetrics Department, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Physical Education, Graduate Program, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claudia C Netto
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lizanka P F Marinheiro
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Fernandes Figueira Institute, Gynecologic and Obstetrics Department, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
A Cross-Sectional Study of Nutrient Intake and Health Status among Older Adults in Yogyakarta Indonesia. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111240. [PMID: 29137185 PMCID: PMC5707712 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many communities around the world, particularly developing countries including Indonesia, are experiencing population ageing. There is little knowledge regarding the impact of malnutrition, or its prevalence within rural compared to urban areas, on the nutritional, functional and mental status of community-living older residents in these countries. Hence, a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics, nutritional, mental and functional status, and energy and nutrient intake of community-dwelling Indonesians from both rural and urban areas of Yogyakarta. Older individuals were included in the study if they had been living in Yogyakarta for the last year and were aged ≥65 years (n = 527; mean ± SD age of 74 ± 7 years). Rural compared with urban participants had a lower level of education and income, more hospital admissions, less dietary protein intake, lower cognitive function, poorer nutritional status and grip strength, but faster gait speed while being more dependent on assistance to perform daily activities (all p < 0.05). Cognitive function was more strongly associated than nutritional status with physical function. Rural older Indonesians living in Yogyakarta were more likely than urban older people to be malnourished and cognitively impaired, and to have associated reductions in functional capacity and independence. Strategies to improve cognitive function and nutritional status are therefore important for the wellbeing of Indonesian citizens.
Collapse
|
77
|
Vaz-Patto M, Bueno B, Ribeiro Ó, Teixeira L, Afonso RM. Association between handgrip strength, walking, age-related illnesses and cognitive status in a sample of Portuguese centenarians. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2017; 14:9. [PMID: 28680504 PMCID: PMC5494132 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-017-0178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Centenarians are a growing population in Europe and present significant variability in motor and cognitive functions. The aim of our study was to characterize health status, as well as cognitive and motor functions in a group of Portuguese centenarians. In addition, our study also aimed at analyzing the relationship between cognitive functions and the burden of diseases affecting the elderly. Methods Fifty-two centenarians were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination, short version. Walking-related parameters (velocity and time spent in the 3 m walk test), grip strength and number of age-related illnesses were also measured. The relationship between cognitive scores and time spent in the three metre walk test, velocity, grip strength and number of diseases was analysed. Results Cognitive scores showed a positive correlation with both handgrip strength and time spent in the three metre walk. In contrast, no association was found between cognitive scores and the presence/absence of disease, walking velocity or number of diseases present. Conclusions These results suggest that in centenarians, cognitive functions may be related with motor functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vaz-Patto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.,CICS-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Belén Bueno
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Óscar Ribeiro
- UNIFAI, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laetitia Teixeira
- UNIFAI, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rosa Marina Afonso
- UNIFAI, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Stessman J, Bursztyn M, Gershinsky Y, Hammerman-Rozenberg A, Jacobs JM. Hypertension and Its Treatment at Age 90 Years: Is There an Association with 5-Year Mortality? J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18:277.e13-277.e19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|