51
|
Exercise Plus Presleep Protein Ingestion Increases Overnight Muscle Connective Tissue Protein Synthesis Rates in Healthy Older Men. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2021; 31:217-226. [PMID: 33588378 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein ingestion and exercise stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. When combined, exercise further increases the postprandial rise in myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. It remains unclear whether protein ingestion with or without exercise also stimulates muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates. The authors assessed the impact of presleep protein ingestion on overnight muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates at rest and during recovery from resistance-type exercise in older men. Thirty-six healthy, older men were randomly assigned to ingest 40 g intrinsically L-[1-13C]-phenylalanine and L-[1-13C]-leucine-labeled casein protein (PRO, n = 12) or a nonprotein placebo (PLA, n = 12) before going to sleep. A third group performed a single bout of resistance-type exercise in the evening before ingesting 40 g intrinsically-labeled casein protein prior to sleep (EX+PRO, n = 12). Continuous intravenous infusions of L-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine and L-[1-13C]-leucine were applied with blood and muscle tissue samples collected throughout overnight sleep. Presleep protein ingestion did not increase muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates (0.049 ± 0.013 vs. 0.060 ± 0.024%/hr in PLA and PRO, respectively; p = .73). Exercise plus protein ingestion resulted in greater overnight muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates (0.095 ± 0.022%/hr) when compared with PLA and PRO (p < .01). Exercise increased the incorporation of dietary protein-derived amino acids into muscle connective tissue protein (0.036 ± 0.013 vs. 0.054 ± 0.009 mole percent excess in PRO vs. EX+PRO, respectively; p < .01). In conclusion, resistance-type exercise plus presleep protein ingestion increases overnight muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates in older men. Exercise enhances the utilization of dietary protein-derived amino acids as precursors for de novo muscle connective tissue protein synthesis during overnight sleep.
Collapse
|
52
|
Dowling P, Gargan S, Murphy S, Zweyer M, Sabir H, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. The Dystrophin Node as Integrator of Cytoskeletal Organization, Lateral Force Transmission, Fiber Stability and Cellular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle. Proteomes 2021; 9:9. [PMID: 33540575 PMCID: PMC7931087 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The systematic bioanalytical characterization of the protein product of the DMD gene, which is defective in the pediatric disorder Duchenne muscular dystrophy, led to the discovery of the membrane cytoskeletal protein dystrophin. Its full-length muscle isoform Dp427-M is tightly linked to a sarcolemma-associated complex consisting of dystroglycans, sarcoglyans, sarcospan, dystrobrevins and syntrophins. Besides these core members of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, the wider dystrophin-associated network includes key proteins belonging to the intracellular cytoskeleton and microtubular assembly, the basal lamina and extracellular matrix, various plasma membrane proteins and cytosolic components. Here, we review the central role of the dystrophin complex as a master node in muscle fibers that integrates cytoskeletal organization and cellular signaling at the muscle periphery, as well as providing sarcolemmal stabilization and contractile force transmission to the extracellular region. The combination of optimized tissue extraction, subcellular fractionation, advanced protein co-purification strategies, immunoprecipitation, liquid chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with modern mass spectrometry-based proteomics has confirmed the composition of the core dystrophin complex at the sarcolemma membrane. Importantly, these biochemical and mass spectrometric surveys have identified additional members of the wider dystrophin network including biglycan, cavin, synemin, desmoglein, tubulin, plakoglobin, cytokeratin and a variety of signaling proteins and ion channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (P.D.); (S.G.)
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Stephen Gargan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (P.D.); (S.G.)
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Sandra Murphy
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE24HH, UK;
| | - Margit Zweyer
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital, University of Bonn, D53113 Bonn, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Hemmen Sabir
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital, University of Bonn, D53113 Bonn, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Bonn, D53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (P.D.); (S.G.)
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Brashear SE, Wohlgemuth RP, Gonzalez G, Smith LR. Passive stiffness of fibrotic skeletal muscle in mdx mice relates to collagen architecture. J Physiol 2021; 599:943-962. [PMID: 33247944 PMCID: PMC9926974 DOI: 10.1113/jp280656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The amount of fibrotic material in dystrophic mouse muscles relates to contractile function, but not passive function. Collagen fibres in skeletal muscle are associated with increased passive muscle stiffness in fibrotic muscles. The alignment of collagen is independently associated with passive stiffness in dystrophic skeletal muscles. These outcomes demonstrate that collagen architecture rather than collagen content should be a target of anti-fibrotic therapies to treat muscle stiffness. ABSTRACT Fibrosis is prominent in many skeletal muscle pathologies including dystrophies, neurological disorders, cachexia, chronic kidney disease, sarcopenia and metabolic disorders. Fibrosis in muscle is associated with decreased contractile forces and increased passive stiffness that limits joint mobility leading to contractures. However, the assumption that more fibrotic material is directly related to decreased function has not held true. Here we utilize novel measurement of extracellular matrix (ECM) and collagen architecture to relate ECM form to muscle function. We used mdx mice, a model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy that becomes fibrotic, and wildtype mice. In this model, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle was significantly stiffer, but with similar total collagen, while the soleus muscle did not change stiffness, but increased collagen. The stiffness of the EDL was associated with increased collagen crosslinking as determined by collagen solubility. Measurement of ECM alignment using polarized light microscopy showed a robust relationship between stiffness and alignment for wildtype muscle that broke down in mdx muscles. Direct visualization of large collagen fibres with second harmonic generation imaging revealed their relative abundance in stiff muscles. Collagen fibre alignment was linked to stiffness across all muscles investigated and the most significant factor in a multiple linear regression-based model of muscle stiffness from ECM parameters. This work establishes novel characteristics of skeletal muscle ECM architecture and provides evidence for a mechanical function of collagen fibres in muscle. This finding suggests that anti-fibrotic strategies to enhance muscle function and excessive stiffness should target large collagen fibres and their alignment rather than total collagen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Brashear
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis
| | - Ross P. Wohlgemuth
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis
| | - Gabriella Gonzalez
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis
| | - Lucas R. Smith
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California Davis
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Alcalde-Estévez E, Sosa P, Asenjo-Bueno A, Plaza P, Olmos G, Naves-Díaz M, Rodríguez-Puyol D, López-Ongil S, Ruiz-Torres MP. Uraemic toxins impair skeletal muscle regeneration by inhibiting myoblast proliferation, reducing myogenic differentiation, and promoting muscular fibrosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:512. [PMID: 33436654 PMCID: PMC7804102 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Uraemic toxins increase in serum parallel to a decline in the glomerular filtration rate and the development of sarcopenia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study analyses the role of uraemic toxins in sarcopenia at different stages of CKD, evaluating changes in the muscular regeneration process. Cultured C2C12 cells were incubated with a combination of indoxyl sulphate and p-cresol at high doses (100 µg/mL) or low doses (25 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL) resembling late or early CKD stages, respectively. Cell proliferation (analysed by scratch assays and flow cytometry) was inhibited only by high doses of uraemic toxins, which inactivated the cdc2-cyclin B complex, inhibiting mitosis and inducing apoptosis (analysed by annexin V staining). By contrast, low doses of uraemic toxins did not affect proliferation, but reduced myogenic differentiation, primed with 2% horse serum, by inhibiting myogenin expression and promoting fibro-adipogenic differentiation. Finally, to assess the in vivo relevance of these results, studies were performed in gastrocnemii from uraemic rats, which showed higher collagen expression and lower myosin heavy chain expression than those from healthy rats. In conclusion, uraemic toxins impair the skeletal muscular regeneration process, even at low concentrations, suggesting that sarcopenia can progress from the early stages of CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Alcalde-Estévez
- grid.7159.a0000 0004 1937 0239Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina Y Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Sosa
- grid.7159.a0000 0004 1937 0239Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina Y Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Asenjo-Bueno
- grid.411336.20000 0004 1765 5855Unidad de Investigación de La Fundación Para La Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Plaza
- grid.411336.20000 0004 1765 5855Unidad de Investigación de La Fundación Para La Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Olmos
- grid.7159.a0000 0004 1937 0239Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina Y Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain ,Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, IRSIN, Madrid, Spain ,grid.420232.50000 0004 7643 3507Area 3-Fisiología y Fisiopatología Renal Y Vascular del IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Naves-Díaz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Metabolismo Óseo. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, IRSIN, Madrid, Spain ,grid.420232.50000 0004 7643 3507Area 3-Fisiología y Fisiopatología Renal Y Vascular del IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain ,grid.411336.20000 0004 1765 5855Departamento de Medicina Y Especialidades Médicas, Universidad de Alcalá Y Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana López-Ongil
- grid.411336.20000 0004 1765 5855Unidad de Investigación de La Fundación Para La Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain ,Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, IRSIN, Madrid, Spain ,grid.420232.50000 0004 7643 3507Area 3-Fisiología y Fisiopatología Renal Y Vascular del IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - María P. Ruiz-Torres
- grid.7159.a0000 0004 1937 0239Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Facultad de Medicina Y Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain ,Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, IRSIN, Madrid, Spain ,grid.420232.50000 0004 7643 3507Area 3-Fisiología y Fisiopatología Renal Y Vascular del IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Gorza L, Sorge M, Seclì L, Brancaccio M. Master Regulators of Muscle Atrophy: Role of Costamere Components. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010061. [PMID: 33401549 PMCID: PMC7823551 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of muscle mass and force characterizes muscle atrophy in several different conditions, which share the expression of atrogenes and the activation of their transcriptional regulators. However, attempts to antagonize muscle atrophy development in different experimental contexts by targeting contributors to the atrogene pathway showed partial effects in most cases. Other master regulators might independently contribute to muscle atrophy, as suggested by our recent evidence about the co-requirement of the muscle-specific chaperone protein melusin to inhibit unloading muscle atrophy development. Furthermore, melusin and other muscle mass regulators, such as nNOS, belong to costameres, the macromolecular complexes that connect sarcolemma to myofibrils and to the extracellular matrix, in correspondence with specific sarcomeric sites. Costameres sense a mechanical load and transduce it both as lateral force and biochemical signals. Recent evidence further broadens this classic view, by revealing the crucial participation of costameres in a sarcolemmal “signaling hub” integrating mechanical and humoral stimuli, where mechanical signals are coupled with insulin and/or insulin-like growth factor stimulation to regulate muscle mass. Therefore, this review aims to enucleate available evidence concerning the early involvement of costamere components and additional putative master regulators in the development of major types of muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Gorza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Matteo Sorge
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.S.); (L.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Laura Seclì
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.S.); (L.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Mara Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.S.); (L.S.); (M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Malis V, Sinha U, Sinha S. 3D Muscle Deformation Mapping at Submaximal Isometric Contractions: Applications to Aging Muscle. Front Physiol 2020; 11:600590. [PMID: 33343396 PMCID: PMC7744822 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.600590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
3D strain or strain rate tensor mapping comprehensively captures regional muscle deformation. While compressive strain along the muscle fiber is a potential measure of the force generated, radial strains in the fiber cross-section may provide information on the material properties of the extracellular matrix. Additionally, shear strain may potentially inform on the shearing of the extracellular matrix; the latter has been hypothesized as the mechanism of lateral transmission of force. Here, we implement a novel fast MR method for velocity mapping to acquire multi-slice images at different % maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) for 3D strain mapping to explore deformation in the plantar-flexors under isometric contraction in a cohort of young and senior subjects. 3D strain rate and strain tensors were computed and eigenvalues and two invariants (maximum shear and volumetric strain) were extracted. Strain and strain rate indices (contractile and in-plane strain/strain rate, shear strain/strain rate) changed significantly with %MVC (30 and 60% MVC) and contractile and shear strain with age in the medial gastrocnemius. In the soleus, significant differences with age in contractile and shear strain were seen. Univariate regression revealed weak but significant correlation of in-plane and shear strain and shear strain rate indices to %MVC and correlation of contractile and shear strain indices to force. The ability to map strain tensor components provides unique insights into muscle physiology: with contractile strain providing an index of the force generated by the muscle fibers while the shear strain could potentially be a marker of lateral transmission of force.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Malis
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Usha Sinha
- Department of Physics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Shantanu Sinha
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Chaffer TJ. The protective role of desmin in duchenne muscular dystrophy: Therapeutic insights. J Physiol 2020; 598:4759-4760. [PMID: 33231871 DOI: 10.1113/jp280325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Jordi Chaffer
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Englund DA, Figueiredo VC, Dungan CM, Murach KA, Peck BD, Petrosino JM, Brightwell CR, Dupont AM, Neal AC, Fry CS, Accornero F, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Satellite Cell Depletion Disrupts Transcriptional Coordination and Muscle Adaptation to Exercise. FUNCTION 2020; 2:zqaa033. [PMID: 34109314 PMCID: PMC8179974 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells are required for postnatal development, skeletal muscle regeneration across the lifespan, and skeletal muscle hypertrophy prior to maturity. Our group has aimed to address whether satellite cells are required for hypertrophic growth in mature skeletal muscle. Here, we generated a comprehensive characterization and transcriptome-wide profiling of skeletal muscle during adaptation to exercise in the presence or absence of satellite cells in order to identify distinct phenotypes and gene networks influenced by satellite cell content. We administered vehicle or tamoxifen to adult Pax7-DTA mice and subjected them to progressive weighted wheel running (PoWeR). We then performed immunohistochemical analysis and whole-muscle RNA-seq of vehicle (SC+) and tamoxifen-treated (SC-) mice. Further, we performed single myonuclear RNA-seq to provide detailed information on how satellite cell fusion affects myonuclear transcription. We show that while skeletal muscle can mount a robust hypertrophic response to PoWeR in the absence of satellite cells, growth, and adaptation are ultimately blunted. Transcriptional profiling reveals several gene networks key to muscle adaptation are altered in the absence of satellite cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Vandré C Figueiredo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Cory M Dungan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Bailey D Peck
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jennifer M Petrosino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Camille R Brightwell
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Alec M Dupont
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ally C Neal
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Federica Accornero
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Gumpenberger M, Wessner B, Graf A, Narici MV, Fink C, Braun S, Hoser C, Blazevich AJ, Csapo R. Remodeling the Skeletal Muscle Extracellular Matrix in Older Age-Effects of Acute Exercise Stimuli on Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197089. [PMID: 32992998 PMCID: PMC7583913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With advancing age, the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes fibrotic changes that may lead to increased muscle stiffness, injury susceptibility and strength loss. This study tested the potential of different exercises to counter these changes by stimulating the activity of genes associated with ECM remodeling. Twenty-six healthy men (66.9 ± 3.9 years) were stratified to two of four groups, performing unilateral (i) conventional resistance exercise, (ii) conventional resistance exercise followed by self-myofascial release (CEBR), (iii) eccentric-only exercise (ECC) or (iv) plyometric jumps (PLY). The non-trained leg served as control. Six hours post-exercise, vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples were analyzed for the expression of genes associated with ECM collagen synthesis (COL1A1), matrix metallopeptidases (collagen degradation; MMPs) and peptidase inhibitors (TIMP1). Significant between-group differences were found for MMP3, MMP15 and TIMP1, with the greatest responses in MMP3 and TIMP1 seen in CEBR and in MMP15 in ECC. MMP9 (3.24–3.81-fold change) and COL1A1 (1.47–2.40-fold change) were increased in CEBR and PLY, although between-group differences were non-significant. The expression of ECM-related genes is exercise-specific, with CEBR and PLY triggering either earlier or stronger remodeling than other stimuli. Training studies will test whether execution of such exercises may help counter age-associated muscle fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Gumpenberger
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna 1150, Austria;
| | - Alexandra Graf
- Institute for Medical Statistics, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria;
| | - Marco V. Narici
- CirMyo Myology Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Christian Fink
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Sepp Braun
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Christian Hoser
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Anthony J. Blazevich
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research (CESSR), School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-50-8648-3887
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Stantzou A, Relizani K, Morales-Gonzalez S, Gallen C, Grassin A, Ferry A, Schuelke M, Amthor H. Extracellular matrix remodelling is associated with muscle force increase in overloaded mouse plantaris muscle. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 47:218-235. [PMID: 32772401 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling is thought to contribute to the remodelling of extracellular matrix (ECM) of skeletal muscle and to functional decline in patients with muscular dystrophies. We wanted to determine the role of TGF-β-induced ECM remodelling in dystrophic muscle. METHODS We experimentally induced the pathological hallmarks of severe muscular dystrophy by mechanically overloading the plantaris muscle in mice. Furthermore, we determined the role of TGF-β signalling on dystrophic tissue modulation and on muscle function by (i) overloading myostatin knockout (Mstn-/- ) mice and (ii) by additional pharmacological TGF-β inhibition via halofuginone. RESULTS Transcriptome analysis of overloaded muscles revealed upregulation predominantly of genes associated with ECM, inflammation and metalloproteinase activity. Histology revealed in wild-type mice signs of severe muscular dystrophy including myofibres with large variation in size and internalized myonuclei, as well as increased ECM deposition. At the same time, muscle weight had increased by 208% and muscle force by 234%. Myostatin deficiency blunted the effect of overload on muscle mass (59% increase) and force (76% increase), while having no effect on ECM deposition. Concomitant treatment with halofuginone blunted overload-induced muscle hypertrophy and muscle force increase, while reducing ECM deposition and increasing myofibre size. CONCLUSIONS ECM remodelling is associated with an increase in muscle mass and force in overload-modelled dystrophic muscle. Lack of myostatin is not advantageous and inhibition of ECM deposition by halofuginone is disadvantageous for muscle plasticity in response to stimuli that induce dystrophic muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Stantzou
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, END-ICAP, Versailles, France
| | - K Relizani
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, END-ICAP, Versailles, France.,NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Morales-Gonzalez
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Gallen
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, END-ICAP, Versailles, France
| | - A Grassin
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, END-ICAP, Versailles, France
| | - A Ferry
- Center for Research in Myology, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris Sorbonne, INSERM, UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - M Schuelke
- NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Amthor
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, END-ICAP, Versailles, France
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Hill C, James RS, Cox VM, Seebacher F, Tallis J. Age-related changes in isolated mouse skeletal muscle function are dependent on sex, muscle, and contractility mode. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 319:R296-R314. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00073.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to simultaneously examine the age-related, muscle-specific, sex-specific, and contractile mode-specific changes in isolated mouse skeletal muscle function and morphology across multiple ages. Measurements of mammalian muscle morphology, isometric force and stress (force/cross-sectional area), absolute and normalized (power/muscle mass) work-loop power across a range of contractile velocities, fatigue resistance, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform concentration were measured in 232 isolated mouse (CD-1) soleus, extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and diaphragm from male and female animals aged 3, 10, 30, 52, and 78 wk. Aging resulted in increased body mass and increased soleus and EDL muscle mass, with atrophy only present for female EDL by 78 wk despite no change in MHC isoform concentration. Absolute force and power output increased up to 52 wk and to a higher level for males. A 23–36% loss of isometric stress exceeded the 14–27% loss of power normalized to muscle mass between 10 wk and 52 wk, although the loss of normalized power between 52 and 78 wk continued without further changes in stress ( P > 0.23). Males had lower power normalized to muscle mass than females by 78 wk, with the greatest decline observed for male soleus. Aging did not cause a shift toward slower contractile characteristics, with reduced fatigue resistance observed in male EDL and female diaphragm. Our findings show that the loss of muscle quality precedes the loss of absolute performance as CD-1 mice age, with the greatest effect seen in male soleus, and in most instances without muscle atrophy or an alteration in MHC isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Hill
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rob S. James
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Val. M. Cox
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason Tallis
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Wheatley BB. Investigating Passive Muscle Mechanics With Biaxial Stretch. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1021. [PMID: 32973555 PMCID: PMC7468495 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The passive stiffness of skeletal muscle can drastically affect muscle function in vivo, such as the case for fibrotic tissue or patients with cerebral palsy. The two constituents of skeletal muscle that dominate passive stiffness are the intracellular protein titin and the collagenous extracellular matrix (ECM). However, efforts to correlate stiffness and measurements of specific muscle constituents have been mixed, and thus the complete mechanisms for changes to muscle stiffness remain unknown. We hypothesize that biaxial stretch can provide an improved approach to evaluating passive muscle stiffness. Methods We performed planar biaxial materials testing of passively stretched skeletal muscle and identified three previously published datasets of uniaxial materials testing. We developed and employed a constitutive model of passive skeletal muscle that includes aligned muscle fibers and dispersed ECM collagen fibers with a bimodal von Mises distribution. Parametric modeling studies and fits to experimental data (both biaxial and previously published) were completed. Results Biaxial data exhibited differences in time dependent behavior based on orientation (p < 0.0001), suggesting different mechanisms supporting load in the direction of muscle fibers (longitudinal) and in the perpendicular (transverse) directions. Model parametric studies and fits to experimental data exhibited the robustness of the model (<20% error) and how differences in tissue stiffness may not be observed in uniaxial longitudinal stretch, but are apparent in biaxial stretch. Conclusion This work presents novel materials testing data of passively stretched skeletal muscle and use of constitutive modeling and finite element analysis to explore the interaction between stiffness, constituent variability, and applied deformation in passive skeletal muscle. The results highlight the importance of biaxial stretch in evaluating muscle stiffness and in further considering the role of ECM collagen in modulating passive muscle stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Wheatley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Hughes DC, Baehr LM, Driscoll JR, Lynch SA, Waddell DS, Bodine SC. Identification and characterization of Fbxl22, a novel skeletal muscle atrophy-promoting E3 ubiquitin ligase. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C700-C719. [PMID: 32783651 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00253.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases have been identified in muscle atrophy-inducing conditions. The purpose of the current study was to explore the functional role of F-box and leucine-rich protein 22 (Fbxl22), and a newly identified splice variant (Fbxl22-193), in skeletal muscle homeostasis and neurogenic muscle atrophy. In mouse C2C12 muscle cells, promoter fragments of the Fbxl22 gene were cloned and fused with the secreted alkaline phosphatase reporter gene to assess the transcriptional regulation of Fbxl22. The tibialis anterior muscles of male C57/BL6 mice (12-16 wk old) were electroporated with expression plasmids containing the cDNA of two Fbxl22 splice variants and tissues collected after 7, 14, and 28 days. Gastrocnemius muscles of wild-type and muscle-specific RING finger 1 knockout (MuRF1 KO) mice were electroporated with an Fbxl22 RNAi or empty plasmid and denervated 3 days posttransfection, and tissues were collected 7 days postdenervation. The full-length gene and novel splice variant are transcriptionally induced early (after 3 days) during neurogenic muscle atrophy. In vivo overexpression of Fbxl22 isoforms in mouse skeletal muscle leads to evidence of myopathy/atrophy, suggesting that both are involved in the process of neurogenic muscle atrophy. Knockdown of Fbxl22 in the muscles of MuRF1 KO mice resulted in significant additive muscle sparing 7 days after denervation. Targeting two E3 ubiquitin ligases appears to have a strong additive effect on protecting muscle mass loss with denervation, and these findings have important implications in the development of therapeutic strategies to treat muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Hughes
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Leslie M Baehr
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Julia R Driscoll
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Sarah A Lynch
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - David S Waddell
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Sue C Bodine
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Age-related changes in human single muscle fibre passive elastic properties are sarcomere length dependent. Exp Gerontol 2020; 137:110968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
65
|
Pollmann C, Haug M, Reischl B, Prölß G, Pöschel T, Rupitsch SJ, Clemen CS, Schröder R, Friedrich O. Growing Old Too Early: Skeletal Muscle Single Fiber Biomechanics in Ageing R349P Desmin Knock-in Mice Using the MyoRobot Technology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155501. [PMID: 32752098 PMCID: PMC7432536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle biomechanics relies on active motor protein assembly and passive strain transmission through cytoskeletal structures. The desmin filament network aligns myofibrils at the z-discs, provides nuclear–sarcolemmal anchorage and may also serve as memory for muscle repositioning following large strains. Our previous analyses of R349P desmin knock-in mice, an animal model for the human R350P desminopathy, already depicted pre-clinical changes in myofibrillar arrangement and increased fiber bundle stiffness. As the effect of R349P desmin on axial biomechanics in fully differentiated single muscle fibers is unknown, we used our MyoRobot to compare passive visco-elasticity and active contractile biomechanics in single fibers from fast- and slow-twitch muscles from adult to senile mice, hetero- or homozygous for the R349P desmin mutation with wild type littermates. We demonstrate that R349P desmin presence predominantly increased axial stiffness in both muscle types with a pre-aged phenotype over wild type fibers. Axial viscosity and Ca2+-mediated force were largely unaffected. Mutant single fibers showed tendencies towards faster unloaded shortening over wild type fibers. Effects of aging seen in the wild type appeared earlier in the mutant desmin fibers. Our single-fiber experiments, free of extracellular matrix, suggest that compromised muscle biomechanics is not exclusively attributed to fibrosis but also originates from an impaired intermediate filament network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Pollmann
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; (C.P.); (B.R.); (G.P.); (O.F.)
| | - Michael Haug
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; (C.P.); (B.R.); (G.P.); (O.F.)
- Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Paul-Gordan-Str. 6, 91052 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Wallace Wurth Building, 18 High St, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Reischl
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; (C.P.); (B.R.); (G.P.); (O.F.)
| | - Gerhard Prölß
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; (C.P.); (B.R.); (G.P.); (O.F.)
| | - Thorsten Pöschel
- Institute of Multi Scale Simulation of Particulate Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelbachstr. 49b, 91052 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany;
| | - Stefan J Rupitsch
- Institute of Sensor Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany;
| | - Christoph S Clemen
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Linder Höhe, 51147 Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany;
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany;
- Insitute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Robert-Koch-Street 39, 50931 Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Rolf Schröder
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany;
- Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany; (C.P.); (B.R.); (G.P.); (O.F.)
- Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Paul-Gordan-Str. 6, 91052 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Wallace Wurth Building, 18 High St, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Muscle Research Center Erlangen (MURCE), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Lowy Packer Building, 405 Liverpool St, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Optical Imaging Centre Erlangen OICE, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Willingham TB, Kim Y, Lindberg E, Bleck CKE, Glancy B. The unified myofibrillar matrix for force generation in muscle. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3722. [PMID: 32709902 PMCID: PMC7381600 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human movement occurs through contraction of the basic unit of the muscle cell, the sarcomere. Sarcomeres have long been considered to be arranged end-to-end in series along the length of the muscle into tube-like myofibrils with many individual, parallel myofibrils comprising the bulk of the muscle cell volume. Here, we demonstrate that striated muscle cells form a continuous myofibrillar matrix linked together by frequently branching sarcomeres. We find that all muscle cells contain highly connected myofibrillar networks though the frequency of sarcomere branching goes down from early to late postnatal development and is higher in slow-twitch than fast-twitch mature muscles. Moreover, we show that the myofibrillar matrix is united across the entire width of the muscle cell both at birth and in mature muscle. We propose that striated muscle force is generated by a singular, mesh-like myofibrillar network rather than many individual, parallel myofibrils. Skeletal muscle cells have long been considered to be made primarily of many individual, parallel myofibrils. Here, the authors show that the striated muscle contractile machinery forms a highly branched, mesh-like myofibrillar matrix connected across the entire length and width of the muscle cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Bradley Willingham
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yuho Kim
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eric Lindberg
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Christopher K E Bleck
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Brian Glancy
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. .,National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Ferry A, Messéant J, Parlakian A, Lemaitre M, Roy P, Delacroix C, Lilienbaum A, Hovhannisyan Y, Furling D, Klein A, Li Z, Agbulut O. Desmin prevents muscle wasting, exaggerated weakness and fragility, and fatigue in dystrophic mdx mouse. J Physiol 2020; 598:3667-3689. [PMID: 32515007 DOI: 10.1113/jp279282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Desmin, similar to dystrophin, is associated with costameric structures bridging sarcomeres to the extracellular matrix. Deletion of the desmin gene in mdx mice [double knockout (DKO) mice] induces marked muscle weakness and fatigue resistance compared to mdx mice. Muscle fragility (higher susceptibility to contraction-induced injury) was also aggravated in DKO mice compared to mdx mice. By contrast to mdx mice, the DKO mice did not undergo muscle hypertrophy. Desmin cDNA transfer with adeno-associated virus in newborn mdx mice reduced muscle weakness. Overall, desmin plays important and beneficial roles in muscle wasting, performance and fragility in dystrophic muscle. ABSTRACT Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe neuromuscular disease caused by dystrophin deficiency. Desmin, similar to dystrophin, is associated with costameric structures bridging sarcomeres to the extracellular matrix that contributes to muscle function. In the present study, we attempted to provide further insight into the roles of desmin, for which the expression is increased in the muscle from the mouse mdx DMD model. We show that a deletion of the desmin gene (Des) in mdx mice [double knockout (DKO) mice, mdx:desmin-/-] induces a marked muscle weakness; namely, a reduced absolute maximal force production and increased fatigue compared to that in mdx mice. Fragility (i.e. higher susceptibility to contraction-induced injury) was also aggravated in DKO mice compared to mdx mice, despite the promotion of supposedly less fragile muscle fibres in DKO mice, and this worsening of fragility was related to a decreased muscle excitability. Moreover, in contrast to mdx mice, the DKO mice did not undergo muscle hypertrophy, as indicated by smaller and fewer fibres, with a reduced percentage of centronucleated fibres, potentially explaining the severe muscle weakness. Notably, Desmin cDNA transfer with adeno-associated virus in newborn mdx mice improved specific maximal force normalized to muscle weight. Overall, desmin plays important and beneficial roles in muscle wasting, performance and fragility in dystrophic mdx mice, which differ, at least in part, from those observed in healthy muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Ferry
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de recherche en myologie, INSERM U974, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Institut des Sciences du Sport Santé de Paris, UFRSTAPS, Paris, France
| | - Julien Messéant
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de recherche en myologie, INSERM U974, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Ara Parlakian
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
| | - Mégane Lemaitre
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de recherche en myologie, INSERM U974, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Roy
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de recherche en myologie, INSERM U974, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Clément Delacroix
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de recherche en myologie, INSERM U974, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Alain Lilienbaum
- Université de Paris, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Yeranuhi Hovhannisyan
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
| | - Denis Furling
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de recherche en myologie, INSERM U974, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Klein
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de recherche en myologie, INSERM U974, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), UMR CNRS 8256, INSERM ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Sinha U, Malis V, Chen JS, Csapo R, Kinugasa R, Narici MV, Sinha S. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Loss of Muscle Force With Age and Unloading Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Biochemical Analysis, and Computational Models. Front Physiol 2020; 11:626. [PMID: 32625114 PMCID: PMC7315044 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of this review is the application of advanced MRI to study the effect of aging and disuse related remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) on force transmission in the human musculoskeletal system. Structural MRI includes (i) ultra-low echo times (UTE) maps to visualize and quantify the connective tissue, (ii) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) modeling to estimate changes in muscle and ECM microstructure, and (iii) magnetization transfer contrast imaging to quantify the macromolecular fraction in muscle. Functional MRI includes dynamic acquisitions during contraction cycles enabling computation of the strain tensor to monitor muscle deformation. Further, shear strain extracted from the strain tensor may be a potential surrogate marker of lateral transmission of force. Biochemical and histological analysis of muscle biopsy samples can provide "gold-standard" validation of some of the MR findings. The review summarizes biochemical studies of ECM adaptations with age and with disuse. A brief summary of animal models is included as they provide experimental confirmation of longitudinal and lateral force transmission pathways. Computational muscle models enable exploration of force generation and force pathways and elucidate the link between structural adaptations and functional consequences. MR image findings integrated in a computational model can explain and predict subject specific functional changes to structural adaptations. Future work includes development and validation of MRI biomarkers using biochemical analysis of muscle tissue as a reference standard and potential translation of the imaging markers to the clinic to noninvasively monitor musculoskeletal disease conditions and changes consequent to rehabilitative interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usha Sinha
- Department of Physics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Vadim Malis
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jiun-Shyan Chen
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaediic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, ISAG, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Ryuta Kinugasa
- Department of Human Sciences, Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Japan.,Computational Engineering Applications Unit, Advanced Center for Computing and Communication, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
| | - Marco Vincenzo Narici
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Shantanu Sinha
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Alterations of Extracellular Matrix Mechanical Properties Contribute to Age-Related Functional Impairment of Human Skeletal Muscles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113992. [PMID: 32498422 PMCID: PMC7312402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging of human skeletal muscles is associated with increased passive stiffness, but it is still debated whether muscle fibers or extracellular matrix (ECM) are the determinants of such change. To answer this question, we compared the passive stress generated by elongation of fibers alone and arranged in small bundles in young healthy (Y: 21 years) and elderly (E: 67 years) subjects. The physiological range of sarcomere length (SL) 2.5-3.3 μm was explored. The area of ECM between muscle fibers was determined on transversal sections with picrosirius red, a staining specific for collagen fibers. The passive tension of fiber bundles was significantly higher in E compared to Y at all SL. However, the resistance to elongation of fibers alone was not different between the two groups, while the ECM contribution was significantly increased in E compared to Y. The proportion of muscle area occupied by ECM increased from 3.3% in Y to 8.2% in E. When the contribution of ECM to bundle tension was normalized to the fraction of area occupied by ECM, the difference disappeared. We conclude that, in human skeletal muscles, the age-related reduced compliance is due to an increased stiffness of ECM, mainly caused by collagen accumulation.
Collapse
|
70
|
Nederveen JP, Joanisse S, Thomas ACQ, Snijders T, Manta K, Bell KE, Phillips SM, Kumbhare D, Parise G. Age‐related changes to the satellite cell niche are associated with reduced activation following exercise. FASEB J 2020; 34:8975-8989. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900787r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Joanisse
- Department of Kinesiology McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | | | - Tim Snijders
- Department of Kinesiology McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
- Human Biology NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Center+ Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Katherine Manta
- Department of Kinesiology McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Kirsten E. Bell
- Department of Kinesiology McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | | | | | - Gianni Parise
- Department of Kinesiology McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Exercise-Induced Myofibrillar Hypertrophy is a Contributory Cause of Gains in Muscle Strength. Sports Med 2020; 49:993-997. [PMID: 31016546 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
72
|
Sinha U, Malis V, Csapo R, Narici M, Sinha S. Magnetic resonance imaging based muscle strain rate mapping during eccentric contraction to study effects of unloading induced by unilateral limb suspension. Eur J Transl Myol 2020; 30:8935. [PMID: 32499902 PMCID: PMC7254429 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Age- and disuse- related loss of muscle force is disproportionately larger than the loss of muscle mass. Earlier studies reported that comparing concentric and eccentric contractions, there is a significant age-related decrease in force only in concentric contractions. Magnetic Resonance Imaging enables mapping of muscle deformation and has been used to study isometric but not eccentric contractions. We report MRI based strain rate mapping of the medial gastrocnemius in subjects pre- and post-unloading induced by Unilateral Limb Suspension. In contrast to isometric contraction, no difference in strain rate indices were observed post-unloading, in conformance with preserved force during eccentric contractions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usha Sinha
- Department of Physics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Vadim Malis
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert Csapo
- Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, ISAG, Research Unit for Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Hall, Austria
| | - Marco Narici
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Shantanu Sinha
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Csapo R, Gumpenberger M, Wessner B. Skeletal Muscle Extracellular Matrix - What Do We Know About Its Composition, Regulation, and Physiological Roles? A Narrative Review. Front Physiol 2020; 11:253. [PMID: 32265741 PMCID: PMC7096581 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle represents the largest body-composition component in humans. In addition to its primary function in the maintenance of upright posture and the production of movement, it also plays important roles in many other physiological processes, including thermogenesis, metabolism and the secretion of peptides for communication with other tissues. Research attempting to unveil these processes has traditionally focused on muscle fibers, i.e., the contractile muscle cells. However, it is a frequently overlooked fact that muscle fibers reside in a three-dimensional scaffolding that consists of various collagens, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and elastin, and is commonly referred to as extracellular matrix (ECM). While initially believed to be relatively inert, current research reveals the involvement of ECM cells in numerous important physiological processes. In interaction with other cells, such as fibroblasts or cells of the immune system, the ECM regulates muscle development, growth and repair and is essential for effective muscle contraction and force transmission. Since muscle ECM is highly malleable, its texture and, consequently, physiological roles may be affected by physical training and disuse, aging or various diseases, such as diabetes. With the aim to stimulate increased efforts to study this still poorly understood tissue, this narrative review summarizes the current body of knowledge on (i) the composition and structure of the ECM, (ii) molecular pathways involved in ECM remodeling, (iii) the physiological roles of muscle ECM, (iv) dysregulations of ECM with aging and disease as well as (v) the adaptations of muscle ECM to training and disuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine & Health Tourism, UMIT - Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall, Austria
| | - Matthias Gumpenberger
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine & Health Tourism, UMIT - Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall, Austria
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Department of Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Influence of the integrin alpha-1 subunit and its relationship with high-fat diet upon extracellular matrix synthesis in skeletal muscle and tendon. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 381:177-187. [PMID: 32112256 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03184-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are important for mechanosensation in tissue and play, together with nutrition, a role in regulating extracellular matrix (ECM) in skeletal muscle and tendon. Integrin receptors are dimers that consist of an α and β subunit and bridge extracellular and intracellular signals. The present study investigates whether the deletion of the integrin receptor α1 subunit influences collagen and other matrix proteins in the musculotendinous tissue and whether it causes any compensatory changes in other integrin subunits in C57BL/6J mice. In addition, we study whether a high-fat diet (HFD) influences these responses in muscle or tendon. Mice on a HFD had a higher number of non-enzymatic cross-links in skeletal muscle ECM and increased gene expression of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins. In contrast to gene expression, total collagen protein content was decreased by HFD in the muscle with no change in tendon. Integrin α1 subunit knockout resulted in a decrease of collagen type I and III, TGF-β1 and IGF-1 gene expression in muscle of HFD mice but did not affect total collagen protein compared with wild-type (WT) littermates in either muscle or tendon. There was no compensatory increase in the genes that express other integrin subunits. In conclusion, HFD induced a significant increase in expression of ECM genes in muscle. On the protein level, HFD resulted in a lower collagen content in muscle. Tendons were unaffected by the diet. Deletion of the integrin α1 subunit did not affect collagen protein or gene expression in muscle or tendon.
Collapse
|
75
|
Widrick JJ, Kawahara G, Alexander MS, Beggs AH, Kunkel LM. Discovery of Novel Therapeutics for Muscular Dystrophies using Zebrafish Phenotypic Screens. J Neuromuscul Dis 2020; 6:271-287. [PMID: 31282429 PMCID: PMC6961982 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-190389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The recent availability and development of mutant and transgenic zebrafish strains that model human muscular dystrophies has created new research opportunities for therapeutic development. Not only do these models mimic many pathological aspects of human dystrophies, but their small size, large clutch sizes, rapid ex utero development, body transparency, and genetic tractability enable research approaches that would be inconceivable with mammalian model systems. Here we discuss the use of zebrafish models of muscular dystrophy to rapidly screen hundreds to thousands of bioactive compounds in order to identify novel therapeutic candidates that modulate pathologic phenotypes. We review the justification and rationale behind this unbiased approach, including how zebrafish screens have identified FDA-approved drugs that are candidates for treating Duchenne and limb girdle muscular dystrophies. Not only can these drugs be re-purposed for treating dystrophies in a fraction of the time and cost of new drug development, but their identification has revealed novel, unexpected directions for future therapy development. Phenotype-driven zebrafish drug screens are an important compliment to the more established mammalian, target-based approaches for rapidly developing and validating therapeutics for muscular dystrophies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Widrick
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Genri Kawahara
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Matthew S Alexander
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children's of Alabama; University of Alabama at Birmingham Center for Exercise Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham Civitan International Research Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Genetics; Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Louis M Kunkel
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Marcucci L, Bondì M, Randazzo G, Reggiani C, Natali AN, Pavan PG. Fibre and extracellular matrix contributions to passive forces in human skeletal muscles: An experimental based constitutive law for numerical modelling of the passive element in the classical Hill-type three element model. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224232. [PMID: 31689322 PMCID: PMC6830811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The forces that allow body movement can be divided into active (generated by sarcomeric contractile proteins) and passive (sustained by intra-sarcomeric proteins, fibre cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM)). These are needed to transmit the active forces to the tendon and the skeleton. However, the relative contribution of the intra- and extra- sarcomeric components in transmitting the passive forces is still under debate. There is limited data in the literature about human muscle and so it is difficult to make predictions using multiscale models, imposing a purely phenomenological description for passive forces. In this paper, we apply a method for the experimental characterization of the passive properties of fibres and ECM to human biopsy and propose their clear separation in a Finite Element Model. Experimental data were collected on human single muscle fibres and bundles, taken from vastus lateralis muscle of elderly subjects. Both were progressively elongated to obtain two stress-strain curves which were fitted to exponential equations. The mechanical properties of the extracellular passive components in a bundle of fibres were deduced by the subtraction of the passive tension observed in single fibres from the passive tension observed in the bundle itself. Our results showed that modulus and tensile load bearing capability of ECM are higher than those of fibres and defined their quantitative characterization that can be used in macroscopic models to study their role in the transmission of forces in physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Marcucci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Bondì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Randazzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Reggiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Kinesiology Research Center, Garibaldijeva, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Arturo N. Natali
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Piero G. Pavan
- Centre for Mechanics of Biological Materials, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
How the central domain of dystrophin acts to bridge F-actin to sarcolemmal lipids. J Struct Biol 2019; 209:107411. [PMID: 31689503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2019.107411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dystrophin is a large intracellular protein that prevents sarcolemmal ruptures by providing a mechanical link between the intracellular actin cytoskeleton and the transmembrane dystroglycan complex. Dystrophin deficiency leads to the severe muscle wasting disease Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and the milder allelic variant, Becker Muscular Dystrophy (DMD and BMD). Previous work has shown that concomitant interaction of the actin binding domain 2 (ABD2) comprising spectrin like repeats 11 to 15 (R11-15) of the central domain of dystrophin, with both actin and membrane lipids, can greatly increase membrane stiffness. Based on a combination of SAXS and SANS measurements, mass spectrometry analysis of cross-linked complexes and interactive low-resolution simulations, we explored in vitro the molecular properties of dystrophin that allow the formation of ABD2-F-actin and ABD2-membrane model complexes. In dystrophin we identified two subdomains interacting with F-actin, one located in R11 and a neighbouring region in R12 and another one in R15, while a single lipid binding domain was identified at the C-terminal end of R12. Relative orientations of the dystrophin central domain with F-actin and a membrane model were obtained from docking simulation under experimental constraints. SAXS-based models were then built for an extended central subdomain from R4 to R19, including ABD2. Overall results are compatible with a potential F-actin/dystrophin/membrane lipids ternary complex. Our description of this selected part of the dystrophin associated complex bridging muscle cell membrane and cytoskeleton opens the way to a better understanding of how cell muscle scaffolding is maintained through this essential protein.
Collapse
|
78
|
Kolwicz SC, Hall JK, Moussavi-Harami F, Chen X, Hauschka SD, Chamberlain JS, Regnier M, Odom GL. Gene Therapy Rescues Cardiac Dysfunction in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Mice by Elevating Cardiomyocyte Deoxy-Adenosine Triphosphate. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2019; 4:778-791. [PMID: 31998848 PMCID: PMC6978556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding for dystrophin leads to structural and functional deterioration of cardiomyocytes and is a hallmark of cardiomyopathy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients. Administration of recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors delivering microdystrophin or ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), under muscle-specific regulatory control, rescues both baseline and high workload-challenged hearts in an aged, DMD mouse model. However, only RNR treatments improved both systolic and diastolic function under those conditions. Cardiac-specific recombinant adeno-associated viral treatment of RNR holds therapeutic promise for improvement of cardiomyopathy in DMD patients.
Collapse
Key Words
- CK8, miniaturized murine creatine kinase regulatory cassette
- CMV, cytomegalovirus
- DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- RNR, ribonucleotide reductase
- cTnT, cardiac troponin T
- cardiomyopathy
- dADP, deoxy-adenosine diphosphate
- dATP, deoxy-adenosine triphosphate
- diastolic dysfunction
- dystrophin
- mdx, mouse muscular dystrophy model
- rAAV, recombinant adeno-associated viral vector
- recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors
- ribonucleotide reductase
- μDys, microdystrophin
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C. Kolwicz
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - John K. Hall
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Farid Moussavi-Harami
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Xiolan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stephen D. Hauschka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jeffrey S. Chamberlain
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael Regnier
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Guy L. Odom
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Hughes DC, Marcotte GR, Baehr LM, West DWD, Marshall AG, Ebert SM, Davidyan A, Adams CM, Bodine SC, Baar K. Alterations in the muscle force transfer apparatus in aged rats during unloading and reloading: impact of microRNA-31. J Physiol 2019; 596:2883-2900. [PMID: 29726007 DOI: 10.1113/jp275833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Force transfer is integral for maintaining skeletal muscle structure and function. One important component is dystrophin. There is limited understanding of how force transfer is impacted by age and loading. Here, we investigate the force transfer apparatus in muscles of adult and old rats exposed to periods of disuse and reloading. Our results demonstrate an increase in dystrophin protein during the reloading phase in the adult tibialis anterior muscle that is delayed in the old muscle. The consequence of this delay is an increased susceptibility towards contraction-induced muscle injury. Central to the lack of dystrophin protein is an increase in miR-31, a microRNA that inhibits dystrophin translation. In vivo electroporation with a miR-31 sponge led to increased dystrophin protein and decreased contraction-induced muscle injury in old skeletal muscle. Overall, our results detail the importance of the force transfer apparatus and provide new mechanisms for contraction-induced injury in ageing skeletal muscle. ABSTRACT In healthy muscle, the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex (DGC), the integrin/focal adhesion complex, intermediate filaments and Z-line proteins transmit force from the contractile proteins to the extracellular matrix. How loading and age affect these proteins is poorly understood. The experiments reported here sought to determine the effect of ageing on the force transfer apparatus following muscle unloading and reloading. Adult (9 months) and old (28 months) rats were subjected to 14 days of hindlimb unloading and 1, 3, 7 and 14 days of reloading. The DGC complex, intermediate filament and Z-line protein and mRNA levels, as well as dystrophin-targeting miRNAs (miR-31, -146b and -374) were examined in the tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius muscles at both ages. There was a significant increase in dystrophin protein levels (2.79-fold) upon 3 days of reloading in the adult TA muscle that did not occur in the old rats (P ≤ 0.05), and the rise in dystrophin protein occurred independent of dystrophin mRNA. The disconnect between dystrophin protein and mRNA levels can partially be explained by age-dependent differences in miR-31. The impaired dystrophin response in aged muscle was followed by an increase in other force transfer proteins (β-dystroglycan, desmuslin and LIM) that was not sufficient to prevent membrane disruption and muscle injury early in the reloading period. Inserting a miR-31 sponge increased dystrophin protein and decreased contraction-induced injury in the TA (P ≤ 0.05). Collectively, these data suggest that increased miR-31 with age contributes to an impaired dystrophin response and increased muscle injury after disuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Hughes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - George R Marcotte
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leslie M Baehr
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
| | - Daniel W D West
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
| | - Andrea G Marshall
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Scott M Ebert
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Arik Davidyan
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Graduate Group, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sue C Bodine
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
| | - Keith Baar
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Stecco A, Pirri C, Caro RD, Raghavan P. Stiffness and echogenicity: Development of a stiffness-echogenicity matrix for clinical problem solving. Eur J Transl Myol 2019; 29:8476. [PMID: 31579488 PMCID: PMC6767937 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of soft tissue stiffness is important to evaluate many neuromusculoskeletal conditions. Several tools have been proposed for the assessment of stiffness, but ultrasonography appears to be most practical. The reflection of ultrasound waves as it travels through tissue enables assessment of tissue echogenicity, which is influenced by the characteristics of the sound wave as well as the characteristics of the tissue through which it passes, such as the amount of fat and fibrous tissue. However, tissue stiffness is not directly proportional to its echogenicity. Hence evaluation of echogenicity, as a stand-alone technique, is inadequate to describe its mechanical properties. The aim of this manuscript is to present a method of combining echogenicity evaluation by ultrasound and stiffness evaluation by palpation to better describe the mechanical properties of muscle using a stiffness-echogenicity matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Stecco
- RUSK Rehabilitation, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Carmelo Pirri
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Preeti Raghavan
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Friedrich O, Haug M, Reischl B, Prölß G, Kiriaev L, Head SI, Reid MB. Single muscle fibre biomechanics and biomechatronics - The challenges, the pitfalls and the future. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 114:105563. [PMID: 31255723 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Interest in muscle biomechanics is growing with availabilities of patient biopsies and animal models related to muscle diseases, muscle wasting (sarcopenia, cachexia), exercise and drug effects. However, development of technologies or facilitated systems required to measure biomechanical and contractile properties of single fibres has not kept pace with this demand. Most studies use manual mechatronics systems that have not changed in decades and are confined to a few labs worldwide. Available commercial systems are expensive and limited in versatility, throughput and user-friendliness. We review major standard systems available from research labs and commercial sources, and benchmark those to our recently developed automated MyoRobot biomechatronics platform that provides versatility to cover multiple organ scales, is flexible in programming for active/passive muscle biomechanics using custom-made graphics user interfaces, employs on-the-fly data analyses and does not rely on external research microscopes. With higher throughput, this system blends Industry 4.0 automation principles into myology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (USNW), Wallace Wurth Building, 2052 NSW, Sydney Australia; Muscle Research Centre Erlangen (MURCE), Henkestr. 91, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Michael Haug
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - B Reischl
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - G Prölß
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leon Kiriaev
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (USNW), Wallace Wurth Building, 2052 NSW, Sydney Australia
| | - Stewart I Head
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales (USNW), Wallace Wurth Building, 2052 NSW, Sydney Australia; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown Campus, Western Sydney, 2751 NSW, Australia
| | - Michael B Reid
- College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
A micromechanical muscle model for determining the impact of motor unit fiber clustering on force transmission in aging skeletal muscle. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 18:1401-1413. [PMID: 31049781 PMCID: PMC6748884 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study used a micromechanical finite element muscle model to investigate the effects of the redistribution of spatial activation patterns in young and old muscle. The geometry consisted of a bundle of 19 active muscle fibers encased in endomysium sheets, surrounded by passive tissue to model a fascicle. Force was induced by activating combinations of the 19 active muscle fibers. The spacial clustering of muscle fibers modeled in this study showed unbalanced strains suggesting tissue damage at higher strain levels may occur during higher levels of activation and/or during dynamic conditions. These patterns of motor unit remodeling are one of the consequences of motor unit loss and reinnervation associated with aging. The results did not reveal evident quantitative changes in force transmission between old and young adults, but the patterns of stress and strain distribution were affected, suggesting an uneven distribution of the forces may occur within the fascicle that could provide a mechanism for muscle injury in older muscle.
Collapse
|
83
|
Nelson DM, Lindsay A, Judge LM, Duan D, Chamberlain JS, Lowe DA, Ervasti JM. Variable rescue of microtubule and physiological phenotypes in mdx muscle expressing different miniaturized dystrophins. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:2090-2100. [PMID: 29618008 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Delivery of miniaturized dystrophin genes via adeno-associated viral vectors is one leading approach in development to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Here we directly compared the functionality of five mini- and micro-dystrophins via skeletal muscle-specific transgenic expression in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. We evaluated their ability to rescue defects in the microtubule network, passive stiffness and contractility of skeletal muscle. Transgenic mdx mice expressing the short dystrophin isoform Dp116 served as a negative control. All mini- and micro-dystrophins restored elevated detyrosinated α-tubulin and microtubule density of mdx muscle to values not different from C57BL/10, however, only mini-dystrophins restored the transverse component of the microtubule lattice back to C57BL/10. Passive stiffness values in mdx muscles expressing mini- or micro-dystrophins were not different from C57BL/10. While all mini- and micro-dystrophins conferred significant protection from eccentric contraction-induced force loss in vivo and ex vivo compared to mdx, removal of repeats two and three resulted in less protection from force drop caused by eccentric contraction ex vivo. Our data reveal subtle yet significant differences in the relative functionalities for different therapeutic constructs of miniaturized dystrophin in terms of protection from ex vivo eccentric contraction-induced force loss and restoration of an organized microtubule lattice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D'anna M Nelson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Angus Lindsay
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Luke M Judge
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dongsheng Duan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | | | - Dawn A Lowe
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - James M Ervasti
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Larsson L, Degens H, Li M, Salviati L, Lee YI, Thompson W, Kirkland JL, Sandri M. Sarcopenia: Aging-Related Loss of Muscle Mass and Function. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:427-511. [PMID: 30427277 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00061.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 783] [Impact Index Per Article: 156.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass and function in the elderly that reduces mobility, diminishes quality of life, and can lead to fall-related injuries, which require costly hospitalization and extended rehabilitation. This review focuses on the aging-related structural changes and mechanisms at cellular and subcellular levels underlying changes in the individual motor unit: specifically, the perikaryon of the α-motoneuron, its neuromuscular junction(s), and the muscle fibers that it innervates. Loss of muscle mass with aging, which is largely due to the progressive loss of motoneurons, is associated with reduced muscle fiber number and size. Muscle function progressively declines because motoneuron loss is not adequately compensated by reinnervation of muscle fibers by the remaining motoneurons. At the intracellular level, key factors are qualitative changes in posttranslational modifications of muscle proteins and the loss of coordinated control between contractile, mitochondrial, and sarcoplasmic reticulum protein expression. Quantitative and qualitative changes in skeletal muscle during the process of aging also have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired and hereditary neuromuscular disorders. In experimental models, specific intervention strategies have shown encouraging results on limiting deterioration of motor unit structure and function under conditions of impaired innervation. Translated to the clinic, if these or similar interventions, by saving muscle and improving mobility, could help alleviate sarcopenia in the elderly, there would be both great humanitarian benefits and large cost savings for health care systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Meishan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Young Il Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Wesley Thompson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - James L Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic and Clinical Muscle Biology Group, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden ; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania ; School of Healthcare Science, Metropolitan University , Manchester , United Kingdom ; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas , Lithuania ; Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; IRP Città della Speranza, Padova , Italy ; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas ; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota ; Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Ramos JN, Hollinger K, Bengtsson NE, Allen JM, Hauschka SD, Chamberlain JS. Development of Novel Micro-dystrophins with Enhanced Functionality. Mol Ther 2019; 27:623-635. [PMID: 30718090 PMCID: PMC6403485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapies using adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors have advanced into clinical trials for several diseases, including Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). A limitation of AAV is the carrying capacity (∼5 kb) available for genes and regulatory cassettes (RCs). These size constraints are problematic for the 2.2-Mb dystrophin gene. We previously designed a variety of miniaturized micro-dystrophins (μDys) that displayed significant, albeit incomplete, function in striated muscles. To develop μDys proteins with improved performance, we explored structural modifications of the dystrophin central rod domain. Eight μDys variants were studied that carried unique combinations of between four and six of the 24 spectrin-like repeats present in the full-length protein, as well as various hinge domains. Expression of μDys was regulated by a strong but compact muscle-restricted RC (CK8e) or by the ubiquitously active cytomegalovirus (CMV) RC. Vectors were evaluated by intramuscular injection and systemic delivery to dystrophic mdx4cv mice, followed by analysis of skeletal muscle pathophysiology. Two μDys designs were identified that led to increased force generation compared with previous μDys while also localizing neuronal nitric oxide synthase to the sarcolemma. An AAV vector expressing the smaller of these (μDys5) from the CK8e RC is currently being evaluated in a DMD clinical trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian N Ramos
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Katrin Hollinger
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Niclas E Bengtsson
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - James M Allen
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Stephen D Hauschka
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Chamberlain
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Olsen LA, Nicoll JX, Fry AC. The skeletal muscle fiber: a mechanically sensitive cell. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 119:333-349. [PMID: 30612167 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-04061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The plasticity of skeletal muscle, whether an increase in size, change in metabolism, or alteration in structural properties, is in a continuous state of flux largely dependent upon physical activity. Much of the past research has expounded upon these ever-changing aspects of the muscle fiber following exercise. Specifically, endocrine and paracrine signaling have been heavily investigated lending to much of the past literature comprised of such endocrinological dynamics following muscle activity. Mechanotransduction, the ability of a cell to convert a mechanical stimulus into an intracellular biochemical response, has garnered much less attention. Recent work, however, has demonstrated the physical continuity of the muscle fiber, specifically demonstrating a continuous physical link between the extracellular matrix (ECM), cytoskeleton, and nuclear matrix as a means to rapidly regulate gene expression following a mechanical stimulus. Similarly, research has shown mechanical stimuli to directly influence cytoplasmic signaling whether through oxidative adaptations, increased muscle size, or enhanced muscle integrity. Regrettably, minimal research has investigated the role that exercise may play within the mechanotransducing signaling cascades. This proposed line of study may prove paramount as muscle-related diseases greatly impact one's ability to lead an independent lifestyle along with contributing a substantial burden upon the economy. Thus, this review explores both biophysical and biochemical mechanotransduction, and how these signaling pathways may be influenced following exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Olsen
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Justin X Nicoll
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, CA, 91330-8287, USA
| | - Andrew C Fry
- Department of Health, Sport, and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Zügel M, Maganaris CN, Wilke J, Jurkat-Rott K, Klingler W, Wearing SC, Findley T, Barbe MF, Steinacker JM, Vleeming A, Bloch W, Schleip R, Hodges PW. Fascial tissue research in sports medicine: from molecules to tissue adaptation, injury and diagnostics: consensus statement. Br J Sports Med 2018; 52:1497. [PMID: 30072398 PMCID: PMC6241620 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The fascial system builds a three-dimensional continuum of soft, collagen-containing, loose and dense fibrous connective tissue that permeates the body and enables all body systems to operate in an integrated manner. Injuries to the fascial system cause a significant loss of performance in recreational exercise as well as high-performance sports, and could have a potential role in the development and perpetuation of musculoskeletal disorders, including lower back pain. Fascial tissues deserve more detailed attention in the field of sports medicine. A better understanding of their adaptation dynamics to mechanical loading as well as to biochemical conditions promises valuable improvements in terms of injury prevention, athletic performance and sports-related rehabilitation. This consensus statement reflects the state of knowledge regarding the role of fascial tissues in the discipline of sports medicine. It aims to (1) provide an overview of the contemporary state of knowledge regarding the fascial system from the microlevel (molecular and cellular responses) to the macrolevel (mechanical properties), (2) summarise the responses of the fascial system to altered loading (physical exercise), to injury and other physiological challenges including ageing, (3) outline the methods available to study the fascial system, and (4) highlight the contemporary view of interventions that target fascial tissue in sport and exercise medicine. Advancing this field will require a coordinated effort of researchers and clinicians combining mechanobiology, exercise physiology and improved assessment technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Zügel
- Division of Sports Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Constantinos N Maganaris
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jan Wilke
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Werner Klingler
- Department of Anesthesiology, BKH Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Scott C Wearing
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas Findley
- Department of Physical Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Andry Vleeming
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medical University Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Robert Schleip
- Fascia Research Group, Experimental Anesthesiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul William Hodges
- Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Haddix SG, Lee YI, Kornegay JN, Thompson WJ. Cycles of myofiber degeneration and regeneration lead to remodeling of the neuromuscular junction in two mammalian models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205926. [PMID: 30379896 PMCID: PMC6209224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice lacking the sarcolemmal protein dystrophin, designated mdx, have been widely used as a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dystrophic mdx mice as they mature develop notable morphological abnormalities to their neuromuscular junctions, the peripheral cholinergic synapses responsible for activating muscle fibers. Most obviously the acetylcholine receptor aggregates are fragmented into small non-continuous, islands. This contrasts with wild type mice whose acetylcholine receptor aggregates are continuous and pretzel-shaped in appearance. We show here that these abnormalities in mdx mice are also present in a canine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and provide additional evidence to support the hypothesis that NMJ remodeling occurs due to myofiber degeneration and regeneration. Using a method to investigate synaptic AChR replacement, we show that neuromuscular junction remodeling in mdx animals is caused by muscle fiber degeneration and regeneration at the synaptic site and is mimicked by deliberate myofiber injury in wild type mice. Importantly, the innervating motor axon plays a crucial role in directing the remodeling of the neuromuscular junction in dystrophy, as has been recorded in aging and deliberate muscle fiber injury in wild type mice. The remodeling occurs repetitively through the life of the animal and the changes in junctions become greater with age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seth G. Haddix
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Young il Lee
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joe N. Kornegay
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Wesley J. Thompson
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Park JS, Vohra R, Klussmann T, Bengtsson NE, Chamberlain JS, Lee D. Non-invasive tracking of disease progression in young dystrophic muscles using multi-parametric MRI at 14T. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206323. [PMID: 30365532 PMCID: PMC6203357 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was conducted to monitor skeletal muscle changes in dystrophic (mdx4cv) and age-matched control (C57BL/6J) mice starting at 3 weeks of age. The objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize changes in muscle tissue characteristics of hind limbs in young, dystrophic mice using MRI. Mdx4cv (n = 25) and age-matched C57BL/6J (n = 5) were imaged at 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 weeks of age. Multiple MR measurements were taken from the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles. There were significant differences between dystrophic and control groups for all three muscle types when comparing transverse relaxation times (T2) in lower hind limb muscles. Additionally, fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity, and eigenvalue analysis of diffusion tensor imaging also demonstrated significant differences between groups. Longitudinal relaxation times (T1) displayed no significant differences between groups. The earliest time points in the magnetization transfer ratio measurements displayed a significant difference. Histological analysis revealed significant differences in the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles between groups with the mdx mice displaying greater variability in muscle fiber size in later time points. The multi-parametric MRI approach offers a promising alternative for future development of a noninvasive avenue for tracking both disease progression and treatment response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S. Park
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Ravneet Vohra
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Thomas Klussmann
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Niclas E. Bengtsson
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey S. Chamberlain
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Donghoon Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
McCormick R, Vasilaki A. Age-related changes in skeletal muscle: changes to life-style as a therapy. Biogerontology 2018; 19:519-536. [PMID: 30259289 PMCID: PMC6223729 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-018-9775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As we age, there is an age-related loss in skeletal muscle mass and strength, known as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia results in a decrease in mobility and independence, as well as an increase in the risk of other morbidities and mortality. Sarcopenia is therefore a major socio-economical problem. The mechanisms behind sarcopenia are unclear and it is likely that it is a multifactorial condition with changes in numerous important mechanisms all contributing to the structural and functional deterioration. Here, we review the major proposed changes which occur in skeletal muscle during ageing and highlight evidence for changes in physical activity and nutrition as therapeutic approaches to combat age-related skeletal muscle wasting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel McCormick
- Musculoskeletal Biology II, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Aphrodite Vasilaki
- Musculoskeletal Biology II, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Hughes DC, Ellefsen S, Baar K. Adaptations to Endurance and Strength Training. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018; 8:cshperspect.a029769. [PMID: 28490537 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The capacity for human exercise performance can be enhanced with prolonged exercise training, whether it is endurance- or strength-based. The ability to adapt through exercise training allows individuals to perform at the height of their sporting event and/or maintain peak physical condition throughout the life span. Our continued drive to understand how to prescribe exercise to maximize health and/or performance outcomes means that our knowledge of the adaptations that occur as a result of exercise continues to evolve. This review will focus on current and new insights into endurance and strength-training adaptations and will highlight important questions that remain as far as how we adapt to training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Hughes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, Functional Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Stian Ellefsen
- Section of Sports Sciences, Lillehammer University College, 2604 Lillehammer, Norway.,Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2380 Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Keith Baar
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, Functional Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
LoPresti ST, Brown BN. Effect of Source Animal Age upon Macrophage Response to Extracellular Matrix Biomaterials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 1:57-66. [PMID: 30101208 DOI: 10.1016/j.regen.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix biomaterials have been shown to promote constructive remodeling in many preclinical and clinical applications. This response has been associated with the promotion of a timely switch from pro-inflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages. A previous study has shown that this beneficial response is lost when these biomaterials are derived from aged animals. This study examined the impact of small intestine submucosa (SIS) derived from 12, 26 and 52 week old pigs on the phenotype and function of bone marrow macrophages derived either from 2 or 18 month old mice. Results showed that 52 week old SIS promoted less iNOS in 2 month macrophages and Fizz1 expression in 2 and 18 month compared to 12 week SIS. Pro-inflammatory cytokine exposure to 52 week SIS-treated macrophages resulted in higher iNOS in 18 month macrophages and reduced MHC-II expression in 2 month macrophages, as well as reduced nitric oxide production in comparison to 12 week SIS. These results indicate that ECM derived from aged animals promotes an altered macrophage phenotype compared to young controls. This suggests that sourcing of ECM from young donors is important to preserve constructive remodeling outcomes of ECM biomaterials. Alteration of macrophage phenotype by aged ECM also raises the hypothesis that alterations in aged ECM may play a role in immune dysfunction in aged individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T LoPresti
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Bryan N Brown
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Sinha U, Malis V, Csapo R, Narici M, Sinha S. Shear strain rate from phase contrast velocity encoded MRI: Application to study effects of aging in the medial gastrocnemius muscle. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 48:1351-1357. [PMID: 29607567 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strain rate (SR) is a measure of the rate of regional deformation that can be computed by analyzing velocity-encoded phase-contrast 2D images. Recent studies have explored the changes in normal components of the strain tensor in aging muscle, while shear strain may also provide valuable information. PURPOSE To compute the shear SR from velocity-encoded MRI of the lower leg and to study the correlation of SR parameters measured in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) to muscle force in a cohort of young and senior subjects. STUDY TYPE Prospective cohort study. SUBJECTS Six young (26.1 ± 2.3 years) and six senior (76.7 ± 8.3 years) healthy females; two other subjects were scanned on three separate occasions for repeatability studies. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 1.5T using a single oblique sagittal slice with velocity-encoding in three directions (velocity-encoded phase contrast gradient echo sequence). ASSESSMENT Age-related and regional differences in the SR eigenvalues (SRfiber , SRin-plane ), normal SRs (SRff , SRcc ), and shear SRs (SRfc , SRfc_max ) were statistically analyzed. STATISTICAL TESTS Difference between young and senior cohorts were assessed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVAs). The coefficient of variation and repeatability coefficient were calculated from repeat studies. Univariate and stepwise multivariable linear regression was performed to identify predictors of force. RESULTS During isometric plantarflexion contraction, SRs in the principal basis (SRfiber , SRin-plane ) and maximum shear SR (SRfc_max ) was significantly lower in the senior cohort (P < 0.05). On multiple variable regression, maximum shear SR (SRfc_max ) and normal SR in the fiber cross-section (SRcc ) were significantly associated with force (R = 0.681, F = 14.034, P < 0.001). DATA CONCLUSION This study establishes that computation of shear strain is feasible and is a significant predictor of force variability with age. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1351-1357.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usha Sinha
- Physics, San Diego State University, California, USA
| | - Vadim Malis
- Muscle Imaging and Modeling Lab, Department of Radiology, UC San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,Physics, UC San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Robert Csapo
- Muscle Imaging and Modeling Lab, Department of Radiology, UC San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine and Health Tourism, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall, Austria
| | - Marco Narici
- School of Graduate Entry Medicine and Health University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Shantanu Sinha
- Muscle Imaging and Modeling Lab, Department of Radiology, UC San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Carraro U. Exciting perspectives for Translational Myology in the Abstracts of the 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays: Giovanni Salviati Memorial - Chapter IV - Abstracts of March 17, 2018. Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7366. [PMID: 30057728 PMCID: PMC6047882 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myologists working in Padua (Italy) were able to continue a half-century tradition of studies of skeletal muscles, that started with a research on fever, specifically if and how skeletal muscle contribute to it by burning bacterial toxin. Beside main publications in high-impact-factor journals by Padua myologists, I hope to convince readers (and myself) of the relevance of the editing Basic and Applied Myology (BAM), retitled from 2010 European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM), of the institution of the Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova (CIR-Myo), and of a long series of International Conferences organized in Euganei Hills and Padova, that is, the PaduaMuscleDays. The 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays (2018SpPMD), were held in Euganei Hills and Padua (Italy), in March 14-17, and were dedicated to Giovanni Salviati. The main event of the “Giovanni Salviati Memorial”, was held in the Aula Guariento, Accademia Galileiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti of Padua to honor a beloved friend and excellent scientist 20 years after his premature passing. Using the words of Prof. Nicola Rizzuto, we all share his believe that Giovanni “will be remembered not only for his talent and originality as a biochemist, but also for his unassuming and humanistic personality, a rare quality in highly successful people like Giovanni. The best way to remember such a person is to gather pupils and colleagues, who shared with him the same scientific interests and ask them to discuss recent advances in their own fields, just as Giovanni have liked to do”. Since Giovanni’s friends sent many abstracts still influenced by their previous collaboration with him, all the Sessions of the 2018SpPMD reflect both to the research aims of Giovanni Salviati and the traditional topics of the PaduaMuscleDays, that is, basics and applications of physical, molecular and cellular strategies to maintain or recover functions of skeletal muscles. The translational researches summarized in the 2018SpPMD Abstracts are at the appropriate high level to attract endorsement of Ethical Committees, the interest of International Granting Agencies and approval for publication in top quality international journals. The abstracts of the presentations of the March 16, 2018 Padua Muscle Day and those of the remaining Posters are listed in this chapter IV. The Author Index of the 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays follows at page 78.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Laboratory of Translational Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova.,A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova.,IRCCS Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo, Venezia-Lido, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Nielsen KB, Lal NN, Sheard PW. Age-related remodelling of the myotendinous junction in the mouse soleus muscle. Exp Gerontol 2018; 104:52-59. [PMID: 29421351 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The age-related loss of muscle mass and function predominantly affect muscles of the lower limbs and have largely been associated with decline in muscle fibre size and number, although the exact mechanisms underlying these losses are poorly understood. In addition, consistent reports that the loss of muscle strength exceeds that which can be explained by declines in muscle mass has widened the search for causes of sarcopenia to include supporting tissues such as the extracellular matrix and tendons. Although the changes to both muscle and tendon with age are well characterised, little work has focused on the interface between these two tissues, the myotendinous junction (MTJ). Given the crucial role for this structure in force transfer between muscle and tendon, we asked whether the myotendinous junction underwent structural changes with age in lower limb muscle. We used whole muscle to assess gross muscle and tendon morphology, and immunohistochemistry to determine fibre and MTJ profile number in young (6 months), middle aged (18 months) and elderly (24 months) C57BL/6 female mice. MTJ length was quantified using serial cross sections of the soleus muscle. We found an apparent 3.5-fold increase in MTJ profiles per cross section with no increase in fibre number in old mice, and found this to be a result of a doubling in length of the MTJ region with age. This coincided with an increase in proximal tendon length (31%), as well as an increase in collagen deposition between 6 and 24-months of age consistent with an expansion of the fibre termination area. These findings uncover a previously undescribed effect of ageing on the MTJ and open up new lines of investigation into the role of this structure in the age-related loss of muscle function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Navneet N Lal
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | | |
Collapse
|
96
|
Murphy S, Zweyer M, Henry M, Meleady P, Mundegar RR, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. Proteomic analysis of the sarcolemma-enriched fraction from dystrophic mdx-4cv skeletal muscle. J Proteomics 2018; 191:212-227. [PMID: 29408692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The highly progressive neuromuscular disorder dystrophinopathy is triggered by primary abnormalities in the Dmd gene, which causes cytoskeletal instability and loss of sarcolemmal integrity. Comparative organellar proteomics was employed to identify sarcolemma-associated proteins with an altered concentration in dystrophic muscle tissue from the mdx-4cv mouse model of dystrophinopathy. A lectin agglutination method was used to prepare a sarcolemma-enriched fraction and resulted in the identification of 190 significantly changed protein species. Proteomics established differential expression patterns for key components of the muscle plasma membrane, cytoskeletal network, extracellular matrix, metabolic pathways, cellular stress response, protein synthesis, immune response and neuromuscular junction. The deficiency in dystrophin and drastic reduction in dystrophin-associated proteins appears to trigger (i) enhanced membrane repair involving myoferlin, dysferlin and annexins, (ii) increased protein synthesis and the compensatory up-regulation of cytoskeletal proteins, (iii) the decrease in the scaffolding protein periaxin and myelin PO involved in myelination of motor neurons, (iv) complex changes in bioenergetic pathways, (v) elevated levels of molecular chaperones to prevent proteotoxic effects, (vi) increased collagen deposition causing reactive myofibrosis, (vii) disturbed ion homeostasis at the sarcolemma and associated membrane systems, and (viii) a robust inflammatory response by the innate immune system in response to chronic muscle damage. SIGNIFICANCE: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a devastating muscle wasting disease and represents the most frequently inherited neuromuscular disorder in humans. Genetic abnormalities in the Dmd gene cause a loss of sarcolemmal integrity and highly progressive muscle fibre degeneration. Changes in the neuromuscular system are associated with necrosis, fibrosis and inflammation. In order to evaluate secondary changes in the sarcolemma membrane system due to the lack of the membrane cytoskeletal protein dystrophin, comparative organellar proteomics was used to study the mdx-4cv mouse model of dystrophinopathy. Mass spectrometric analyses identified a variety of altered components of the extracellular matrix-sarcolemma-cytoskeleton axis in dystrophic muscles. This included proteins involved in membrane repair, cytoskeletal restoration, calcium homeostasis, cellular signalling, stress response, neuromuscular transmission and reactive myofibrosis, as well as immune cell infiltration. These pathobiochemical alterations agree with the idea of highly complex secondary changes in X-linked muscular dystrophy and support the concept that micro-rupturing of the dystrophin-deficient plasma membrane is at the core of muscle wasting pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Murphy
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Margit Zweyer
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Henry
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Rustam R Mundegar
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Loehr JA, Wang S, Cully TR, Pal R, Larina IV, Larin KV, Rodney GG. NADPH oxidase mediates microtubule alterations and diaphragm dysfunction in dystrophic mice. eLife 2018; 7:31732. [PMID: 29381135 PMCID: PMC5812717 DOI: 10.7554/elife.31732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle from mdx mice is characterized by increased Nox2 ROS, altered microtubule network, increased muscle stiffness, and decreased muscle/respiratory function. While microtubule de-tyrosination has been suggested to increase stiffness and Nox2 ROS production in isolated single myofibers, its role in altering tissue stiffness and muscle function has not been established. Because Nox2 ROS production is upregulated prior to microtubule network alterations and ROS affect microtubule formation, we investigated the role of Nox2 ROS in diaphragm tissue microtubule organization, stiffness and muscle/respiratory function. Eliminating Nox2 ROS prevents microtubule disorganization and reduces fibrosis and muscle stiffness in mdx diaphragm. Fibrosis accounts for the majority of variance in diaphragm stiffness and decreased function, implicating altered extracellular matrix and not microtubule de-tyrosination as a modulator of diaphragm tissue function. Ultimately, inhibiting Nox2 ROS production increased force and respiratory function in dystrophic diaphragm, establishing Nox2 as a potential therapeutic target in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Anthony Loehr
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Tanya R Cully
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Rituraj Pal
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Irina V Larina
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Kirill V Larin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, United States.,Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - George G Rodney
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Wurtzel CNW, Gumucio JP, Grekin JA, Khouri RK, Davis CS, Russell AJ, Bedi A, Mendias CL. Pharmacological inhibition of myostatin protects against skeletal muscle atrophy and weakness after anterior cruciate ligament tear. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:2499-2505. [PMID: 28176368 PMCID: PMC5548641 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are among the most frequent knee injuries in sports medicine, with tear rates in the US up to 250,000 per year. Many patients who suffer from ACL tears have persistent atrophy and weakness even after considerable rehabilitation. Myostatin is a cytokine that directly induces muscle atrophy, and previous studies rodent models and patients have demonstrated an upregulation of myostatin after ACL tear. Using a preclinical rat model, our objective was to determine if the use of a bioneutralizing antibody against myostatin could prevent muscle atrophy and weakness after ACL tear. Rats underwent a surgically induced ACL tear and were treated with either a bioneutralizing antibody against myostatin (10B3, GlaxoSmithKline) or a sham antibody (E1-82.15, GlaxoSmithKline). Muscles were harvested at either 7 or 21 days after induction of a tear to measure changes in contractile function, fiber size, and genes involved in muscle atrophy and hypertrophy. These time points were selected to evaluate early and later changes in muscle structure and function. Compared to the sham antibody group, 7 days after ACL tear, myostatin inhibition reduced the expression of proteolytic genes and induced the expression of hypertrophy genes. These early changes in gene expression lead to a 22% increase in muscle fiber cross-sectional area and a 10% improvement in maximum isometric force production that were observed 21 days after ACL tear. Overall, myostatin inhibition lead to several favorable, although modest, changes in molecular biomarkers of muscle regeneration and reduced muscle atrophy and weakness following ACL tear. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2499-2505, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline N W Wurtzel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
| | - Jonathan P Gumucio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109,Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
| | - Jeremy A Grekin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
| | - Roger K Khouri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
| | - Carol S Davis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
| | - Alan J Russell
- Muscle Metabolism DPU, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, 2301 Renaissance Blvd, King of Prussia, PA, 19406
| | - Asheesh Bedi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109
| | - Christopher L Mendias
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109,Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Christopher L Mendias, PhD, ATC, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 2017, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, 734-764-3250,
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Murphy S, Brinkmeier H, Krautwald M, Henry M, Meleady P, Ohlendieck K. Proteomic profiling of the dystrophin complex and membrane fraction from dystrophic mdx muscle reveals decreases in the cytolinker desmoglein and increases in the extracellular matrix stabilizers biglycan and fibronectin. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2017; 38:251-268. [DOI: 10.1007/s10974-017-9478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
100
|
Mikkelsen U, Agergaard J, Couppé C, Grosset J, Karlsen A, Magnusson S, Schjerling P, Kjaer M, Mackey A. Skeletal muscle morphology and regulatory signalling in endurance-trained and sedentary individuals: The influence of ageing. Exp Gerontol 2017; 93:54-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|