51
|
Schimmel L, Fukuhara D, Richards M, Jin Y, Essebier P, Frampton E, Hedlund M, Dejana E, Claesson-Welsh L, Gordon E. c-Src controls stability of sprouting blood vessels in the developing retina independently of cell-cell adhesion through focal adhesion assembly. Development 2020; 147:dev185405. [PMID: 32108024 PMCID: PMC7157583 DOI: 10.1242/dev.185405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell adhesion is implicated in blood vessel sprout formation, yet how adhesion controls angiogenesis, and whether it occurs via rapid remodeling of adherens junctions or focal adhesion assembly, or both, remains poorly understood. Furthermore, how endothelial cell adhesion is controlled in particular tissues and under different conditions remains unexplored. Here, we have identified an unexpected role for spatiotemporal c-Src activity in sprouting angiogenesis in the retina, which is in contrast to the dominant focus on the role of c-Src in the maintenance of vascular integrity. Thus, mice specifically deficient in endothelial c-Src displayed significantly reduced blood vessel sprouting and loss in actin-rich filopodial protrusions at the vascular front of the developing retina. In contrast to what has been observed during vascular leakage, endothelial cell-cell adhesion was unaffected by loss of c-Src. Instead, decreased angiogenic sprouting was due to loss of focal adhesion assembly and cell-matrix adhesion, resulting in loss of sprout stability. These results demonstrate that c-Src signaling at specified endothelial cell membrane compartments (adherens junctions or focal adhesions) control vascular processes in a tissue- and context-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Schimmel
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Daisuke Fukuhara
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Mark Richards
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Yi Jin
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Patricia Essebier
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Frampton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Marie Hedlund
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Emma Gordon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Uppsala University, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Peng YS, Syu JP, Wang SD, Pan PC, Kung HN. BSA-bounded p-cresyl sulfate potentiates the malignancy of bladder carcinoma by triggering cell migration and EMT through the ROS/Src/FAK signaling pathway. Cell Biol Toxicol 2019; 36:287-300. [PMID: 31873818 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09509-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Para-cresyl sulfate (P-CS), a major uremic toxin derived from the metabolites of tyrosine and phenylalanine through liver, existed in the blood of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD increases the malignancy in bladder cancers; however, effects of P-CS on bladder cancers are not fully understood. P-CS is conjugated with BSA physiologically, and this study aims to investigate the effects and possible underlying mechanisms of BSA-bounded P-CS on human bladder cancer cells. With P-CS treatment, the intracellular ROS increased in bladder cancer cells. ROS then triggered epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stress fiber redistribution, and cell migration. With specific inhibitors, the key signals regulating P-CS-treated migration are Src and FAK. This study provided a clinical clue that patients with higher serum P-CS have a higher risk of malignant urothelial carcinomas, and a regulatory pathway of how P-CS regulates bladder cancer migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sen Peng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan-Ze University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Pu Syu
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1-1 Jen-Ai Road, 10051, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-De Wang
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1-1 Jen-Ai Road, 10051, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pie-Chun Pan
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1-1 Jen-Ai Road, 10051, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ni Kung
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, 1-1 Jen-Ai Road, 10051, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Farmer LK, Rollason R, Whitcomb DJ, Ni L, Goodliff A, Lay AC, Birnbaumer L, Heesom KJ, Xu SZ, Saleem MA, Welsh GI. TRPC6 Binds to and Activates Calpain, Independent of Its Channel Activity, and Regulates Podocyte Cytoskeleton, Cell Adhesion, and Motility. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 30:1910-1924. [PMID: 31416818 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018070729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6) gene are associated with an inherited form of FSGS. Despite widespread expression, patients with TRPC6 mutations do not present with any other pathologic phenotype, suggesting that this protein has a unique yet unidentified role within the target cell for FSGS, the kidney podocyte. METHODS We generated a stable TRPC6 knockout podocyte cell line from TRPC6 knockout mice. These cells were engineered to express wild-type TRPC6, a dominant negative TRPC6 mutation, or either of two disease-causing mutations of TRPC6, G109S or K874*. We extensively characterized these cells using motility, detachment, and calpain activity assays; immunofluorescence; confocal or total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy; and western blotting. RESULTS Compared with wild-type cells, TRPC6-/- podocytes are less motile and more adhesive, with an altered actin cytoskeleton. We found that TRPC6 binds to ERK1/2 and the actin regulatory proteins, caldesmon (a calmodulin- and actin-binding protein) and calpain 1 and 2 (calcium-dependent cysteine proteases that control the podocyte cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and motility via cleavage of paxillin, focal adhesion kinase, and talin). Knockdown or expression of the truncated K874* mutation (but not expression of the gain-of-function G019S mutation or dominant negative mutant of TRPC6) results in the mislocalization of calpain 1 and 2 and significant downregulation of calpain activity; this leads to altered podocyte cytoskeleton, motility, and adhesion-characteristics of TRPC6 -/- podocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that independent of TRPC6 channel activity, the physical interaction between TRPC6 and calpain in the podocyte is important for cell motility and detachment and demonstrates a scaffolding role of the TRPC6 protein in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel J Whitcomb
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, Bristol Medical School, and
| | - Lan Ni
- Bristol Renal, Bristol Medical School
| | | | | | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Kate J Heesom
- Proteomics Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Shang-Zhong Xu
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
54
|
Granel H, Bossard C, Collignon AM, Wauquier F, Lesieur J, Rochefort GY, Jallot E, Lao J, Wittrant Y. Bioactive Glass/Polycaprolactone Hybrid with a Dual Cortical/Trabecular Structure for Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:3473-3483. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Henri Granel
- Human Nutrition Unit, UMR1019, INRA Research Center, Theix 63122, France
| | - Cédric Bossard
- Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont-Ferrand, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, Aubiere 80026−63177, France
| | - Anne-Margaux Collignon
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Paris Descartes, EA2496, Laboratoires Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, Montrouge 92120, France
| | - Fabien Wauquier
- Human Nutrition Unit, UMR1019, INRA Research Center, Theix 63122, France
| | - Julie Lesieur
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Paris Descartes, EA2496, Laboratoires Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, Montrouge 92120, France
| | - Gael Y Rochefort
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Paris Descartes, EA2496, Laboratoires Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, Montrouge 92120, France
| | - Edouard Jallot
- Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont-Ferrand, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, Aubiere 80026−63177, France
| | - Jonathan Lao
- Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont-Ferrand, 4 Avenue Blaise Pascal, Aubiere 80026−63177, France
| | - Yohann Wittrant
- Human Nutrition Unit, UMR1019, INRA Research Center, Theix 63122, France
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
3D-QSAR and molecular docking studies of aminopyrimidine derivatives as novel three-targeted Lck/Src/KDR inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
56
|
Zhou J, Jiang X, He S, Jiang H, Feng F, Liu W, Qu W, Sun H. Rational Design of Multitarget-Directed Ligands: Strategies and Emerging Paradigms. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8881-8914. [PMID: 31082225 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the complexity of multifactorial diseases, single-target drugs do not always exhibit satisfactory efficacy. Recently, increasing evidence indicates that simultaneous modulation of multiple targets may improve both therapeutic safety and efficacy, compared with single-target drugs. However, few multitarget drugs are on market or in clinical trials, despite the best efforts of medicinal chemists. This article discusses the systematic establishment of target combination, lead generation, and optimization of multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs). Moreover, we analyze some MTDLs research cases for several complex diseases in recent years and the physicochemical properties of 117 clinical multitarget drugs, with the aim to reveal the trends and insights of the potential use of MTDLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junting Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China.,Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyang Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China.,Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China.,Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College , Huaian 223003 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Marlowe T, Dementiev A, Figel S, Rivera A, Flavin M, Cance W. High resolution crystal structure of the FAK FERM domain reveals new insights on the Druggability of tyrosine 397 and the Src SH3 binding site. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:10. [PMID: 31109284 PMCID: PMC6528292 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is a major cancer drug target that is involved in numerous aspects of tumor progression and survival. While multiple research groups have developed ATP-competitive small molecule inhibitors that target the kinase enzyme, recent attention has been focused on the FAK FERM (Band 4.1, Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin) domain that contains key residue Y397 and contributes to many protein-protein interactions. Previous x-ray crystal structures of the FAK FERM domain gave conflicting results on the structure of the Y397 region and therefore the overall druggability. Results Here, we report the identification of a higher resolution crystal structure of the avian FAK FERM domain that shows conformational differences in Y397 and surrounding residues in the F1 lobe. In addition, we resolve the residues of the Src SH3 binding site, an area of the FERM domain that has previously shown limited electron density. Conclusions These crystallographic data suggest that the Y397 region is highly dynamic and question the druggability of a putative pocket on the F1 lobe. In addition, new electron density data around the Src SH3 binding site provide structural insight on the FAK-Src activation cascade through a putative auto-inhibitory conformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Marlowe
- Interdisciplinary Oncology, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, 475 N 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA. .,Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 210207, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA. .,Cancer Center Division, University of Arizona Cancer Center, 625 N 6th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| | - Alexey Dementiev
- Shamrock Structures, LLC, 1440 Davey Rd, Woodridge, IL, 60517, USA.,Structural Biology Center, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Sheila Figel
- Neuro Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Andrew Rivera
- Interdisciplinary Oncology, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, 475 N 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.,Cancer Center Division, University of Arizona Cancer Center, 625 N 6th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Michael Flavin
- Shamrock Structures, LLC, 1440 Davey Rd, Woodridge, IL, 60517, USA
| | - William Cance
- Interdisciplinary Oncology, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, 475 N 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA. .,Cancer Center Division, University of Arizona Cancer Center, 625 N 6th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Al-Ghabkari A, Qasrawi DO, Alshehri M, Narendran A. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation is a key regulator of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) cell viability and migration. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1461-1469. [PMID: 31006845 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children. Pathogenesis of RMS is associated with aggressive growth pattern and increased risk of morbidity and mortality. There are two main subtypes or RMS: embryonal and alveolar. The embryonal type is characterized by distinct molecular aberrations, including alterations in the activity of certain protein kinases. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a vital role in focal adhesion (FA) assembly to promote cytoskeleton dynamics and regulation of cell motility. It is regulated by multiple phosphorylation sites: tyrosine 397, Tyr 576/577, and Tyr 925. Tyrosine 397 is the autophosphorylation site that regulates FAK localization at the cell periphery to facilitate the assembly and formation of the FA complex. The kinase activity of FAK is mediated by the phosphorylation of Tyr 576/577 within the kinase domain activation loop. Aberrations of FAK phosphorylation have been linked to the pathogenesis of different types of cancers. In this regard, pY397 upregulation is linked to increase ERMS cell motility, invasion, and tumorigenesis. METHODS In this study, we have used an established human embryonal muscle rhabdomyosarcoma cell line RD as a model to examine FAK phosphorylation profiles to characterize its role in the pathogenies of RMS. RESULTS Our findings revealed a significant increase of FAK phosphorylation at pY397 in RD cells compared to control cells (hTERT). On the other hand, Tyr 576/577 phosphorylation levels in RD cells displayed a pronounced reduction. Our data showed that Y925 residue exhibited no detectable change. The in vitro analysis showed that the FAK inhibitor, PF-562271 led to G1 cell-cycle arrest induced cell death (IC50, ~ 12 µM) compared to controls. Importantly, immunostaining analyses displayed a noticeable reduction of Y397 phosphorylation following PF-562271 treatment. Our data also showed that PF-562271 suppressed RD cell migration in a dose-dependent manner associated with a reduction in Y397 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS The data presented herein indicate that targeting FAK phosphorylation at distinct sites is a promising strategy in future treatment approaches for defined subgroups of rhabdomyosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhameed Al-Ghabkari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
| | - Deema O Qasrawi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Mana Alshehri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aru Narendran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Andisha NM, McMillan DC, Gujam FJA, Roseweir A, Edwards J. The relationship between phosphorylation status of focal adhesion kinases, molecular subtypes, tumour microenvironment and survival in patients with primary operable ductal breast cancer. Cell Signal 2019; 60:91-99. [PMID: 30981841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in therapies to treat breast cancer, over 100,000 patients die in the UK of this disease per year, highlighting the need to develop effect predictive and prognostic markers for patients with primary operable ductal breast cancer. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between membranous, cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of focal adhesion kinase (phosphorylated at Y 397, Y 861 and Y 925), molecular subtypes, tumour microenvironment and survival in patients with primary operable ductal breast cancer. METHODS Four hundred and seventy-four patients presenting between 1995 and 1998 with primary operable ductal breast cancer were included in this study. Using tissue microarrays expression of membranous, cytoplasmic and nuclear tumour cell phosphorylation of FAK at Y397, Y861 and Y925 was assessed, and associations with clinicopathological characteristics, tumour microenvironment and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were examined. RESULTS No significant association was observed for ph-FAK Y861 with survival at all sites. However, high expression of membranous ph-FAK Y397 was associated with increased tumour grade (P < .001), molecular subtypes (P < .001), increased tumour necrosis (P < .001), high Klintrup-Mäkinen grade (P < .001), increased CD138+ plasma cells (P = .031), endocrine therapy (P = .001) and poor cancer specific survival (P = .040). Similarly, high expression of nuclear ph-FAK Y397 was associated with decreased age (P = .042), increased CD138+ plasma cells (P = .001) and poor cancer specific survival (P = .003). Furthermore, high expression of cytoplasmic ph-FAK Y925 was associated with decreased tumour grade (P < .001), less involved lymph node (P = .020), molecular subtypes (P < .001), decreased tumour necrosis (P < .001), low Klintrup-Mäkinen grade (P < .001), decreased CD4+ T-cells (P = .006), decreased CD138+ plasma cells (P = .034), endocrine therapy (P < .001), chemotherapy (P = .048), and improved cancer specific survival (P = .044). On multivariate analysis, high expression of nuclear ph-FAK Y397 was independently associated with reduced cancer specific survival (P = .017). CONCLUSION The results of the present study show that membranous and nuclear ph-FAK Y397 and cytoplasmic ph-FAK Y925 were associated with prognosis in patients with primary operable ductal breast cancer. In addition, high expression of nuclear ph-FAK Y397 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with primary operable ductal breast cancer and could be incorporated into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najla M Andisha
- Academic Unit of Surgery, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences-University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK; Unit of Gastrointestinal cancer and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences-University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Donald C McMillan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences-University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fadia J A Gujam
- Academic Unit of Surgery, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences-University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK; Unit of Gastrointestinal cancer and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences-University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Antonia Roseweir
- Unit of Gastrointestinal cancer and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences-University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Unit of Gastrointestinal cancer and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences-University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Le LV, Mkrtschjan MA, Russell B, Desai TA. Hang on tight: reprogramming the cell with microstructural cues. Biomed Microdevices 2019; 21:43. [PMID: 30955102 PMCID: PMC6791714 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-019-0394-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cells interact intimately with complex microdomains in their extracellular matrix (ECM) and maintain a delicate balance of mechanical forces through mechanosensitive cellular components. Tissue injury results in acute degradation of the ECM and disruption of cell-ECM contacts, manifesting in loss of cytoskeletal tension, leading to pathological cell transformation and the onset of disease. Recently, microscale hydrogel constructs have been developed to provide cells with microdomains to form focal adhesion binding sites, which enable restoration of cytoskeletal tension. These synthetic anchors can recapitulate the complex 3D architecture of the native ECM to provide microtopographical cues. The mechanical deformation of proteins at the cell surface can activate signaling cascades to modulate downstream gene-level transcription, making this a unique materials-based approach for reprogramming cell behavior. An overview of the mechanisms underlying these mechanosensitive interactions in fibroblasts, stem and other cell types is provided to review their effects on cellular reprogramming. Recent investigations on the fabrication, functionalization and implementation of these materials and microtopographical features for drug testing and therapeutic applications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long V Le
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, 1700 4th St Rm 204, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Michael A Mkrtschjan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Brenda Russell
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois, Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, 1700 4th St Rm 204, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Danilucci TM, Santos PK, Pachane BC, Pisani GFD, Lino RLB, Casali BC, Altei WF, Selistre-de-Araujo HS. Recombinant RGD-disintegrin DisBa-01 blocks integrin α vβ 3 and impairs VEGF signaling in endothelial cells. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:27. [PMID: 30894182 PMCID: PMC6425665 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrins mediate cell adhesion, migration, and survival by connecting the intracellular machinery with the surrounding extracellular matrix. Previous studies demonstrated the interaction between αvβ3 integrin and VEGF type 2 receptor (VEGFR2) in VEGF-induced angiogenesis. DisBa-01, a recombinant His-tag fusion, RGD-disintegrin from Bothrops alternatus snake venom, binds to αvβ3 integrin with nanomolar affinity blocking cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Here we present in vitro evidence of a direct interference of DisBa-01 with αvβ3/VEGFR2 cross-talk and its downstream pathways. Methods Human umbilical vein (HUVECs) were cultured in plates coated with fibronectin (FN) or vitronectin (VN) and tested for migration, invasion and proliferation assays in the presence of VEGF, DisBa-01 (1000 nM) or VEGF and DisBa-01 simultaneously. Phosphorylation of αvβ3/VEGFR2 receptors and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways were analyzed by western blotting. Morphological alterations were observed and quantified by fluorescence confocal microscopy. Results DisBa-01 treatment of endothelial cells inhibited critical steps of VEGF-mediated angiogenesis such as migration, invasion and tubulogenesis. The blockage of αvβ3/VEGFR2 cross-talk by this disintegrin decreases protein expression and phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and β3 integrin subunit, regulates FAK/SrC/Paxillin downstream signals, and inhibits ERK1/2 and PI3K pathways. These events result in actin re-organization and inhibition of HUVEC migration and adhesion. Labelled-DisBa-01 colocalizes with αvβ3 integrin and VEGFR2 in treated cells. Conclusions Disintegrin inhibition of αvβ3 integrin blocks VEGFR2 signalling, even in the presence of VEGF, which impairs the angiogenic mechanism. These results improve our understanding concerning the mechanisms of pharmacological inhibition of angiogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0339-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taís M Danilucci
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Patty K Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Bianca C Pachane
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Graziéle F D Pisani
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Rafael L B Lino
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Bruna C Casali
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Wanessa F Altei
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Heloisa S Selistre-de-Araujo
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Bernadskaya YY, Brahmbhatt S, Gline SE, Wang W, Christiaen L. Discoidin-domain receptor coordinates cell-matrix adhesion and collective polarity in migratory cardiopharyngeal progenitors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:57. [PMID: 30610187 PMCID: PMC6320373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07976-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated analyses of regulated effector genes, cellular processes, and extrinsic signals are required to understand how transcriptional networks coordinate fate specification and cell behavior during embryogenesis. Ciona cardiopharyngeal progenitors, the trunk ventral cells (TVCs), polarize as leader and trailer cells that migrate between the ventral epidermis and trunk endoderm. We show that the TVC-specific collagen-binding Discoidin-domain receptor (Ddr) cooperates with Integrin-β1 to promote cell-matrix adhesion. We find that endodermal cells secrete a collagen, Col9-a1, that is deposited in the basal epidermal matrix and promotes Ddr activation at the ventral membrane of migrating TVCs. A functional antagonism between Ddr/Intβ1-mediated cell-matrix adhesion and Vegfr signaling appears to modulate the position of cardiopharyngeal progenitors between the endoderm and epidermis. We show that Ddr promotes leader-trailer-polarized BMP-Smad signaling independently of its role in cell-matrix adhesion. We propose that dual functions of Ddr integrate transcriptional inputs to coordinate subcellular processes underlying collective polarity and migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Y Bernadskaya
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, 10003, NY, USA
| | - Saahil Brahmbhatt
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, 10003, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie E Gline
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, 10003, NY, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, 10003, NY, USA
| | - Lionel Christiaen
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, 10003, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Krishnan H, Miller WT, Blanco FJ, Goldberg GS. Src and podoplanin forge a path to destruction. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:241-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
64
|
Zhu Q, Sun H, Yang D, Tighe S, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Hu M. Cellular Substrates for Cell-Based Tissue Engineering of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:1072-1077. [PMID: 31523168 PMCID: PMC6743271 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.34440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal endothelial tissue engineering aims to find solutions for blindness due to endothelial dysfunction. A suitable combination of endothelial cells, substrates and environmental cues should be deployed for engineering functional endothelial tissues. This manuscript reviews up-to-date topics of corneal endothelial tissue engineering with special emphasis on biomaterial substrates and their properties, efficacy, and mechanisms of supporting functional endothelial cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University); Yunnan Eye Institute; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology (2017DG008); Provincial Innovation Team for Cataract and Ocular Fundus Disease (2017HC010); Expert Workstation of Yao Ke (2017IC064), Kunming 650021, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dongmei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University); Yunnan Eye Institute; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology (2017DG008); Provincial Innovation Team for Cataract and Ocular Fundus Disease (2017HC010); Expert Workstation of Yao Ke (2017IC064), Kunming 650021, China
| | - Sean Tighe
- Tissue Tech, Inc., Ocular Surface Center, and Ocular Surface Research & Education Foundation, Miami, FL, 33173 USA
| | - Yongsong Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yan' An Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, 650051, China
| | - Yingting Zhu
- Tissue Tech, Inc., Ocular Surface Center, and Ocular Surface Research & Education Foundation, Miami, FL, 33173 USA
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University); Yunnan Eye Institute; Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology (2017DG008); Provincial Innovation Team for Cataract and Ocular Fundus Disease (2017HC010); Expert Workstation of Yao Ke (2017IC064), Kunming 650021, China
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Ishii M, Takahashi M, Murakami J, Yanagisawa T, Nishimura M. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C promotes human mesenchymal stem cell migration via an ERK-and FAK-dependent mechanism. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 455:185-193. [PMID: 30443854 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell growth factor-C (VEGF-C) is a member of the VEGF family and plays a role in various biological activities. VEGF-C enhances proliferation and migration of lymphatic endothelial cells and vascular endothelial cells through VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and/or receptor 3 (VEGFR3), and thereby induces lymphangiogenesis or angiogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether VEGF-C promotes the migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we investigated the effects of VEGF-C on the migration of MSCs and evaluated the underlying molecular mechanisms. VEGF-C treatment significantly induced the migration of MSCs, which is accompanied by the promotion of actin cytoskeletal reorganization and focal adhesion assembly. VEGF-C treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 proteins in MSCs, and pretreatment with VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 kinase inhibitors effectively suppressed the VEGF-C-induced MSC migration. In addition, VEGF-C treatment promoted phosphorylation of ERK and FAK proteins in MSCs, and inhibition of VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 signaling pathways abolished the VEGF-C-induced activation of ERK and FAK proteins. Furthermore, treatment with ERK and FAK inhibitors suppressed VEGF-C-induced actin cytoskeletal reorganization and focal adhesion assembly, and then significantly inhibited MSCs migration. These results suggest that VEGF-C-induced MSC migration is mediated via VEGFR2 and VEGFR3, and follows the activation of the ERK and FAK signaling pathway. Thus, VEGF-C may be valuable in tissue regeneration and repair in MSC-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Ishii
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
| | - Manami Takahashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Juri Murakami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yanagisawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishimura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Roycroft A, Szabó A, Bahm I, Daly L, Charras G, Parsons M, Mayor R. Redistribution of Adhesive Forces through Src/FAK Drives Contact Inhibition of Locomotion in Neural Crest. Dev Cell 2018; 45:565-579.e3. [PMID: 29870718 PMCID: PMC5988567 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Contact inhibition of locomotion is defined as the behavior of cells to cease migrating in their former direction after colliding with another cell. It has been implicated in multiple developmental processes and its absence has been linked to cancer invasion. Cellular forces are thought to govern this process; however, the exact role of traction through cell-matrix adhesions and tension through cell-cell adhesions during contact inhibition of locomotion remains unknown. Here we use neural crest cells to address this and show that cell-matrix adhesions are rapidly disassembled at the contact between two cells upon collision. This disassembly is dependent upon the formation of N-cadherin-based cell-cell adhesions and driven by Src and FAK activity. We demonstrate that the loss of cell-matrix adhesions near the contact leads to a buildup of tension across the cell-cell contact, a step that is essential to drive cell-cell separation after collision. Focal adhesions disassemble at cell-cell contacts in contact inhibition of locomotion FA disassembly at the cell contact during CIL requires N-cadherin/Src/FAK signaling Cell separation during CIL involves a buildup of tension across the cell contact
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Roycroft
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - András Szabó
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Isabel Bahm
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Liam Daly
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Guillaume Charras
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL, London WC1H 0AH, UK; Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Kings College London, London SE11UL, UK
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Ishizuka Y, Koshinaga T, Hirano T, Nagasaki-Maeoka E, Watanabe Y, Hoshi R, Yoshizawa S, Sugito K, Kawashima H, Uekusa S, Fukuda N, Soma M, Fujiwara K. NRP1 knockdown promotes the migration and invasion of human neuroblastoma-derived SK‑N‑AS cells via the activation of β1 integrin expression. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:159-166. [PMID: 29750423 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, which regulates many aspects of cellular function by functioning as co-receptor of various ligands. Recent studies have suggested that NRP1 promotes tumorigenesis, not only by activating the growth of tumor vessels, but also by activating the growth or migration of tumor cells themselves. The present study was performed to elucidate the roles of NRP1 in the development and/or progression of neuroblastoma (NB). In contrast to previous observations in various types of cancer, the analysis of public datasets indicated that lower levels of NRP1 expression were significantly associated with a shorter survival period of patients with NB. Consistent with this finding, wound-healing assay and Matrigel invasion assay revealed that NB cells in which NRP1 was knocked down exhibited increased migratory and invasive abilities. Further analyses indicated that β1 integrin expression was markedly increased in NB cells in which NRP1 was knocked down, and NB cells in which β1 integrin was knocked down exhibited decreased migratory and invasive abilities. The results presented herein indicate that NRP1 exerts tumor suppressive effects in NB, at least in part by regulating the expression of β1 integrin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Ishizuka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Tsugumichi Koshinaga
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hirano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Eri Nagasaki-Maeoka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Yosuke Watanabe
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Reina Hoshi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Yoshizawa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kiminobu Sugito
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawashima
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Shota Uekusa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Noboru Fukuda
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Soma
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujiwara
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Ahmed M, Ramos T, Wieringa P, Blitterswijk CV, Boer JD, Moroni L. Geometric constraints of endothelial cell migration on electrospun fibres. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6386. [PMID: 29686428 PMCID: PMC5913261 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial scaffolds that can form a template for tissue growth and repair forms the basis of many tissue engineering paradigms. Cell migration and colonisation is an important, and often overlooked, first step. In this study, fibrous guidance structures were produced via electrospinning and the effect of physical features such as fibre diameter (ranging from 500 nm to 10 μm) on endothelial cell migration was assessed. Using a modified wound healing assay, fibre diameter was found to have a significant effect on the rate of wound closure and the peak migration velocity of the cells with scaffold diameter shown to influence both morphology and alignment of the migrating cells. The expression, phosphorylation and distribution of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was disrupted on the different scaffolds with small-diameter scaffolds exhibiting increased FAK phosphorylation with the kinase present in the cytosol whereas on large-diameter scaffolds FAK was largely restricted to focal adhesions at the cell periphery. This study demonstrates that electrospun scaffolds can be used to model cell migration on fibrous substrates, and particularly for the studying effects of physical features of the substrate, and that FAK is a key mediator of cell-scaffold interactions on migrating cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maqsood Ahmed
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Tiago Ramos
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Engineering, University of Oporto, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paul Wieringa
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands.,Maastricht University, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens van Blitterswijk
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands.,Maastricht University, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Boer
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands.,Maastricht University, Cell Biology Inspired Tissue Engineering, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- University of Twente, Department of Tissue Regeneration, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands. .,Maastricht University, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Knüppel L, Heinzelmann K, Lindner M, Hatz R, Behr J, Eickelberg O, Staab-Weijnitz CA. FK506-binding protein 10 (FKBP10) regulates lung fibroblast migration via collagen VI synthesis. Respir Res 2018; 19:67. [PMID: 29673351 PMCID: PMC5909279 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), fibroblasts gain a more migratory phenotype and excessively secrete extracellular matrix (ECM), ultimately leading to alveolar scarring and progressive dyspnea. Here, we analyzed the effects of deficiency of FK506-binding protein 10 (FKBP10), a potential IPF drug target, on primary human lung fibroblast (phLF) adhesion and migration. Methods Using siRNA, FKBP10 expression was inhibited in phLF in absence or presence of 2ng/ml transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and 0.1mM 2-phosphoascorbate. Effects on cell adhesion and migration were monitored by an immunofluorescence (IF)-based attachment assay, a conventional scratch assay, and single cell tracking by time-lapse microscopy. Effects on expression of key players in adhesion dynamics and migration were analyzed by qPCR and Western Blot. Colocalization was evaluated by IF microscopy and by proximity ligation assays. Results FKBP10 knockdown significantly attenuated adhesion and migration of phLF. Expression of collagen VI was decreased, while expression of key components of the focal adhesion complex was mostly upregulated. The effects on migration were 2-phosphoascorbate-dependent, suggesting collagen synthesis as the underlying mechanism. FKBP10 colocalized with collagen VI and coating culture dishes with collagen VI, and to a lesser extent with collagen I, abolished the effect of FKBP10 deficiency on migration. Conclusions These findings show, to our knowledge for the first time, that FKBP10 interacts with collagen VI and that deficiency of FKBP10 reduces phLF migration mainly by downregulation of collagen VI synthesis. The results strengthen FKBP10 as an important intracellular regulator of ECM remodeling and support the concept of FKBP10 as drug target in IPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Knüppel
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Heinzelmann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Rudolf Hatz
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany.,Thoraxchirurgisches Zentrum, Klinik für Allgemeine-, Viszeral-, Transplantations-, Gefäß- und Thoraxchirurgie, Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Behr
- Asklepios Fachkliniken Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany.,Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Claudia A Staab-Weijnitz
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität and Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Li Z, Xu X, Wang W, Kratz K, Sun X, Zou J, Deng Z, Jung F, Gossen M, Ma N, Lendlein A. Modulation of the mesenchymal stem cell migration capacity via preconditioning with topographic microstructure. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 67:267-278. [PMID: 28869459 DOI: 10.3233/ch-179208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Controlling mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) behavior is necessary to fully exploit their therapeutic potential. Various approaches are employed to effectively influence the migration capacity of MSCs. Here, topographic microstructures with different microscale roughness were created on polystyrene (PS) culture vessel surfaces as a feasible physical preconditioning strategy to modulate MSC migration. By analyzing trajectories of cells migrating after reseeding, we demonstrated that the mobilization velocity of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) could be promoted by and persisted after brief preconditioning with the appropriate microtopography. Moreover, the elevated activation levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in hADSCs were also observed during and after the preconditioning process. These findings underline the potential enhancement of in vivo therapeutic efficacy in regenerative medicine via transplantation of topographic microstructure preconditioned stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdong Li
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xun Xu
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Karl Kratz
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Helmholtz Virtual Institute "Multifunctional Biomaterials in Medicine", Teltow, Germany
| | - Xianlei Sun
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jie Zou
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zijun Deng
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Helmholtz Virtual Institute "Multifunctional Biomaterials in Medicine", Teltow, Germany
| | - Manfred Gossen
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Nan Ma
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Helmholtz Virtual Institute "Multifunctional Biomaterials in Medicine", Teltow, Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Helmholtz Virtual Institute "Multifunctional Biomaterials in Medicine", Teltow, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Sun X, Qi H, Zhang X, Li L, Zhang J, Zeng Q, Laszlo GS, Wei B, Li T, Jiang J, Mogilner A, Fu X, Zhao M. Src activation decouples cell division orientation from cell geometry in mammalian cells. Biomaterials 2018; 170:82-94. [PMID: 29653289 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Orientation of cell division plane plays a crucial role in morphogenesis and regeneration. Misoriented cell division underlies many important diseases, such as cancer. Studies with Drosophila and C. elegance models show that Src, a proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase, is a critical regulator of this aspect of mitosis. However, the role for Src in controlling cell division orientation in mammalian cells is not well understood. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches and two extracellular signals to orient cell division, we demonstrated a critical role for Src. Either knockout or pharmacological inhibition of Src would retain the fidelity of cell division orientation with the long-axis orientation of mother cells. Conversely, re-expression of Src would decouple cell division orientation from the pre-division orientation of the long axis of mother cells. Cell division orientation in human breast and gastric cancer tissues showed that the Src activation level correlated with the degree of mitotic spindle misorientation relative to the apical surface. Examination of proteins associated with cortical actin revealed that Src activation regulated the accumulation and local density of adhesion proteins on the sites of cell-matrix attachment. By analyzing division patterns in the cells with or without Src activation and through use of a mathematical model, we further support our findings and provide evidence for a previously unknown role for Src in regulating cell division orientation in relation to the pre-division geometry of mother cells, which may contribute to the misoriented cell division.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Hongsheng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 55 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhen Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Li Li
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Jiaping Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Qunli Zeng
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - George S Laszlo
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave, Seattle, USA
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Tianhong Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4501 X St #3016, Sacramento, USA
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury Research, Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Alex Mogilner
- Courant Institute, Department of Biology, New York University, 251 Mercer St, New York, USA
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Trauma Center of Postgraduate Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853, P.R. China.
| | - Min Zhao
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Prateep A, Sumkhemthong S, Karnsomwan W, De-Eknamkul W, Chamni S, Chanvorachote P, Chaotham C. Avicequinone B sensitizes anoikis in human lung cancer cells. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:32. [PMID: 29631569 PMCID: PMC5890350 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0435-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During metastasis, cancer cells require anokis resistant mechanism to survive until reach the distant secondary tissues. As anoikis sensitization may benefit for cancer therapy, this study demonstrated the potential of avicequinone B, a natural furanonaphthoquinone found in mangrove tree (Avicenniaceae) to sensitize anoikis in human lung cancer cells. METHODS Anoikis inducing effect was investigated in human lung cancer H460, H292 and H23 cells that were cultured in ultra-low attachment plate with non-cytotoxic concentrations of avicequinone B. Viability of detached cells was evaluated by XTT assay at 0-24 h of incubation time. Soft agar assay was performed to investigate the inhibitory effect of avicequinone B on anchorage-independent growth. The alteration of anoikis regulating molecules including survival and apoptosis proteins were elucidated by western blot analysis. RESULTS Avicequinone B at 4 μM significantly induced anoikis and inhibited proliferation under detachment condition in various human lung cancer cells. The reduction of anti-apoptotic proteins including anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) associating with the diminution of integrin/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (Src) signals were detected in avicequinone B-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS Avicequinone B sensitized anoikis in human lung cancer cells through down-regulation of anti-apoptosis proteins and integrin-mediated survival signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arisara Prateep
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Somruethai Sumkhemthong
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wiranpat Karnsomwan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanchai De-Eknamkul
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supakarn Chamni
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Cell-based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Chatchai Chaotham
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Cell-based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Shields S, Conroy E, O'Grady T, McGoldrick A, Connor K, Ward MP, Useckaite Z, Dempsey E, Reilly R, Fan Y, Chubb A, Matallanas DG, Kay EW, O'Connor D, McCann A, Gallagher WM, Coppinger JA. BAG3 promotes tumour cell proliferation by regulating EGFR signal transduction pathways in triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15673-15690. [PMID: 29644001 PMCID: PMC5884656 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), is a heterogeneous disease characterised by absence of expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and lack of amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). TNBC patients can exhibit poor prognosis and high recurrence stages despite early response to chemotherapy treatment. In this study, we identified a pro-survival signalling protein BCL2- associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) to be highly expressed in a subset of TNBC cell lines and tumour tissues. High mRNA expression of BAG3 in TNBC patient cohorts significantly associated with a lower recurrence free survival. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is amplified in TNBC and EGFR signalling dynamics impinge on cancer cell survival and disease recurrence. We found a correlation between BAG3 and EGFR expression in TNBC cell lines and determined that BAG3 can regulate tumour cell proliferation, migration and invasion in EGFR expressing TNBC cells lines. We identified an interaction between BAG3 and components of the EGFR signalling networks using mass spectrometry. Furthermore, BAG3 contributed to regulation of proliferation in TNBC cell lines by reducing the activation of components of the PI3K/AKT and FAK/Src signalling subnetworks. Finally, we found that combined targeting of BAG3 and EGFR was more effective than inhibition of EGFR with Cetuximab alone in TNBC cell lines. This study demonstrates a role for BAG3 in regulation of distinct EGFR modules and highlights the potential of BAG3 as a therapeutic target in TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Shields
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Emer Conroy
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tony O'Grady
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Alo McGoldrick
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kate Connor
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mark P Ward
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Eugene Dempsey
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Rebecca Reilly
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Yue Fan
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Anthony Chubb
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - David Gomez Matallanas
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.,Systems Biology Ireland, University College, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Elaine W Kay
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | | - Amanda McCann
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.,UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - William M Gallagher
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Judith A Coppinger
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.,Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Mueller C, Haymond A, Davis JB, Williams A, Espina V. Protein biomarkers for subtyping breast cancer and implications for future research. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:131-152. [PMID: 29271260 PMCID: PMC6104835 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1421071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer subtypes are currently defined by a combination of morphologic, genomic, and proteomic characteristics. These subtypes provide a molecular portrait of the tumor that aids diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment escalation/de-escalation options. Gene expression signatures describing intrinsic breast cancer subtypes for predicting risk of recurrence have been rapidly adopted in the clinic. Despite the use of subtype classifications, many patients develop drug resistance, breast cancer recurrence, or therapy failure. Areas covered: This review provides a summary of immunohistochemistry, reverse phase protein array, mass spectrometry, and integrative studies that are revealing differences in biological functions within and between breast cancer subtypes. We conclude with a discussion of rigor and reproducibility for proteomic-based biomarker discovery. Expert commentary: Innovations in proteomics, including implementation of assay guidelines and standards, are facilitating refinement of breast cancer subtypes. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic information distinguish biologically functional subtypes, are predictive of recurrence, and indicate likelihood of drug resistance. Actionable, activated signal transduction pathways can now be quantified and characterized. Proteomic biomarker validation in large, well-designed studies should become a public health priority to capitalize on the wealth of information gleaned from the proteome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudius Mueller
- a Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine , George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| | - Amanda Haymond
- a Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine , George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| | - Justin B Davis
- a Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine , George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| | - Alexa Williams
- a Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine , George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| | - Virginia Espina
- a Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine , George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Yu Z, Xiao C, Huang Y, Chen M, Wei W, Yang X, Zhou H, Bi X, Lu L, Ruan J, Fan X. Enhanced bioactivity and osteoinductivity of carboxymethyl chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite/graphene oxide nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2018; 8:17860-17877. [PMID: 35542061 PMCID: PMC9080497 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00383a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches combine a bioscaffold with stem cells to provide biological substitutes that can repair bone defects and eventually improve tissue functions. The prospective bioscaffold should have good osteoinductivity. Surface chemical and roughness modifications are regarded as valuable strategies for developing bioscaffolds because of their positive effects on enhancing osteogenic differentiation. However, the synergistic combination of the two strategies is currently poorly studied. In this work, a nanoengineered scaffold with surface chemistry (oxygen-containing groups) and roughness (Rq = 74.1 nm) modifications was fabricated by doping nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), chemically crosslinked graphene oxide (GO) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC). The biocompatibility and osteoinductivity of the nanoengineered CMC/nHA/GO scaffold was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, and the osteogenic differentiation mechanism of the nanoengineered scaffold was preliminarily investigated. Our data demonstrated that the enhanced osteoinductivity of CMC/nHA/GO may profit from the surface chemistry and roughness, which benefit the β1 integrin interactions with the extracellular matrix and activate the FAK–ERK signaling pathway to upregulate the expression of osteogenic special proteins. This study indicates that the nanocomposite scaffold with surface chemistry and roughness modifications could serve as a novel and promising bone substitute for tissue engineering. The CMC/nHA/GO scaffold with the surface chemistry and roughness dual effects and the release of phosphate and calcium ions synergistically assist the mineralization and facilitate the bone regeneration.![]()
Collapse
|
76
|
Skhinas JN, Cox TR. The interplay between extracellular matrix remodelling and kinase signalling in cancer progression and metastasis. Cell Adh Migr 2017; 12:529-537. [PMID: 29168660 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2017.1405208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a master regulator of cellular phenotype and behaviour. It plays a crucial role in both normal tissue homeostasis and complex diseases such as cancer. The interplay between the intrinsic factors of cancer cells themselves, including their genotype and signalling networks; and the extrinsic factors of the tumour stroma, such as the ECM and ECM remodelling; together determine the fate and behaviour of cancer cells. As a consequence, tumour progression, metastatic spread and response to therapy are ultimately controlled by ECM-driven fine-tuning of intracellular kinase signalling. The ability to target and uncouple this interaction presents an emerging and promising potential in the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna N Skhinas
- a The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Thomas R Cox
- a The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Alford VM, Kamath A, Ren X, Kumar K, Gan Q, Awwa M, Tong M, Seeliger MA, Cao J, Ojima I, Sampson NS. Targeting the Hemopexin-like Domain of Latent Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (proMMP-9) with a Small Molecule Inhibitor Prevents the Formation of Focal Adhesion Junctions. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:2788-2803. [PMID: 28945333 PMCID: PMC5697452 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A lack
of target specificity has greatly hindered the success of
inhibitor development against matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) for
the treatment of various cancers. The MMP catalytic domains are highly
conserved, whereas the hemopexin-like domains of MMPs are unique to
each family member. The hemopexin-like domain of MMP-9 enhances cancer
cell migration through self-interaction and heterointeractions with
cell surface proteins including CD44 and α4β1 integrin.
These interactions activate EGFR-MAP kinase dependent signaling that
leads to cell migration. In this work, we generated a library of compounds,
based on hit molecule N-[4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-[(4-oxo-6-propyl-1H-pyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]-acetamide, that target the hemopexin-like
domain of MMP-9. We identify N-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-oxo-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinazolin-2-ylthio)butanamide, 3c, as a potent lead (Kd = 320
nM) that is specific for binding to the proMMP-9 hemopexin-like domain.
We demonstrate that 3c disruption of MMP-9 homodimerization
prevents association of proMMP-9 with both α4β1 integrin
and CD44 and results in the dissociation of EGFR. This disruption
results in decreased phosphorylation of Src and its downstream target
proteins focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin (PAX), which are
implicated in promoting tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion.
Using a chicken chorioallantoic membrane in vivo assay,
we demonstrate that 500 nM 3c blocks cancer cell invasion
of the basement membrane and reduces angiogenesis. In conclusion,
we present a mechanism of action for 3c whereby targeting
the hemopexin domain results in decreased cancer cell migration through
simultaneous disruption of α4β1 integrin and EGFR signaling
pathways, thereby preventing signaling bypass. Targeting through the
hemopexin-like domain is a powerful approach to antimetastatic drug
development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent M. Alford
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Anushree Kamath
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Kunal Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Qianwen Gan
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Monaf Awwa
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Michael Tong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Markus A. Seeliger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| | - Nicole S. Sampson
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook, New York, United States
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Zhou Q, Guo X, Choksi R. Activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase and Src Mediates Acquired Sorafenib Resistance in A549 Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Xenografts. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 363:428-443. [PMID: 29021381 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.240507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite encouraging clinical results with sorafenib monotherapy in patients with KRAS-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the overall survival benefit of this drug is limited by the inevitable development of acquired resistance. The exact mechanism underlying acquired sorafenib resistance in KRAS-mutant NSCLC is unclear. In this study, the mechanism of acquired sorafenib resistance was explored using a biologically relevant xenograft model, which was established by using the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line and an in vivo-derived, sorafenib-resistant A549 subline (A549/SRFres). Results from the initial study demonstrated that sorafenib treatment significantly decreased E-cadherin (P < 0.05) levels but significantly increased matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) levels (P < 0.01) in A549/SRFres tumors, whereas expression levels of phospho-protein kinase B (AKT), phospho-focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and phospho-Src were elevated in sorafenib-treated A549 and A549/SRFres tumors. We next examined whether concomitant dasatinib treatment could overcome acquired sorafenib resistance by blocking the FAK/Src escape route that mediates resistance. Despite the observed in vitro synergy between sorafenib and dasatinib, the in vivo antitumor effect of half-dose sorafenib-dasatinib combination therapy was inferior to that of the full-dose sorafenib treatment. Although the sorafenib-dasatinib combination effectively inhibited Src and AKT phosphorylation, it did not block the Y576/577-FAK phosphorylation, nor did it decrease vimentin protein expression; unexpectedly, it increased Y397-FAK phosphorylation and MMP9 protein expression in tumors. These results suggest that acquired sorafenib resistance in KRAS-mutant A549 xenografts involves the compensatory activation of FAK and Src, and Src inhibition alone is insufficient to diminish sorafenib-promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and invasive potentials in tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Xiaofang Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Riya Choksi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Heckman CA, Pandey P, Cayer ML, Biswas T, Zhang Z, Boudreau NS. The tumor promoter-activated protein kinase Cs are a system for regulating filopodia. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2017; 74:297-314. [PMID: 28481056 PMCID: PMC5575509 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Different protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms have distinct roles in regulating cell functions. The conventional (α, β, γ) and novel (δ, ɛ, η, θ) classes are targets of phorbol ester tumor promoters, which are surrogates of endogenous second messenger, diacylglycerol. The promoter-stimulated disappearance of filopodia was investigated by use of blocking peptides (BPs) that inhibit PKC maturation and/or docking. Filopodia were partially rescued by a peptide representing PKC ɛ hydrophobic sequence, but also by a myristoylated PKC α/β pseudosubstrate sequence, and an inhibitor of T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP). The ability to turn over filopodia was widely distributed among PKC isoforms. PKC α and η hydrophobic sequences enhanced filopodia in cells in the absence of tumor promoter treatment. With transcriptional knockdown of PKC α, the content of PKC ɛ predominated over other isoforms. PKC ɛ could decrease filopodia significantly in promoter-treated cells, and this was attributed to ruffling. The presence of PKC α counteracted the PKC ɛ-mediated enhancement of ruffling. The results showed that there were two mechanisms of filopodia downregulation. One operated in the steady-state and relied on PKC α and η. The other was stimulated by tumor promoters and relied on PKC ɛ. Cycles of protrusion and retraction are characteristic of filopodia and are essential for the cell to orient itself during chemotaxis and haptotaxis. By suppressing filopodia, PKC ɛ can create a long-term "memory" of an environmental signal that may act in nature as a mnemonic device to mark the direction of a repulsive signal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol A. Heckman
- Department of Biological SciencesBowling Green State UniversityLife Sciences Building Room 217Bowling GreenOhio43403
| | - Pratima Pandey
- Department of Biological SciencesBowling Green State UniversityLife Sciences Building Room 217Bowling GreenOhio43403
| | - Marilyn L. Cayer
- Center for Microscopy and MicroanalysisBowling Green State UniversityLife Sciences Building Room 217Bowling GreenOhio43403
| | - Tania Biswas
- Department of Biological SciencesBowling Green State UniversityLife Sciences Building Room 217Bowling GreenOhio43403
| | - Zhong‐Yin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityRobert E. Heine Pharmacy Building, Room 202A, 575 Stadium Mall DriveWest LafayetteIndiana47907
| | - Nancy S. Boudreau
- Department of Applied Statistics and Operations ResearchBowling Green State University344 Business Administration BuildingBowling GreenOhio43403
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
p14ARF interacts with the focal adhesion kinase and protects cells from anoikis. Oncogene 2017; 36:4913-4928. [PMID: 28436949 PMCID: PMC5582215 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ARF protein functions as an important sensor of hyper-proliferative stimuli restricting cell proliferation through both p53-dependent and -independent pathways. Although to date the majority of studies on ARF have focused on its anti-proliferative role, few studies have addressed whether ARF may also have pro-survival functions. Here we show for the first time that during the process of adhesion and spreading ARF re-localizes to sites of active actin polymerization and to focal adhesion points where it interacts with the phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase. In line with its recruitment to focal adhesions, we observe that hampering ARF function in cancer cells leads to gross defects in cytoskeleton organization resulting in apoptosis through a mechanism dependent on the Death-Associated Protein Kinase. Our data uncover a novel function for p14ARF in protecting cells from anoikis that may reflect its role in anchorage independence, a hallmark of malignant tumor cells.
Collapse
|
81
|
FTY720 Attenuates Angiotensin II-Induced Podocyte Damage via Inhibiting Inflammatory Cytokines. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:3701385. [PMID: 28270699 PMCID: PMC5320072 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3701385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
FTY720, a new chemical substance derived from the ascomycete Isaria sinclairii, is used for treating multiple sclerosis, renal cancer, and asthma. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite and exists in red blood cells. FTY720 is a synthetic S1P analog which can block S1P evoking physiological effects. Recently studies show that S1P was participating in activated inflammation cells induced renal injury. The objective of this study was to assess the protective effect of FTY720 on kidney damage and the potential mechanism of FTY720 which alleviate podocyte injury in chronic kidney disease. In this study, we selected 40 patients with IgA nephropathy and examined their clinical characteristics. Ang II-infusion rat renal injury model was established to evaluate the glomeruli and tubulointerstitial lesion. The result showed that the concentration of S1P in serum and urine was positively correlated with IgA nephropathy patients' renal injury. FTY720 could reduce renal histological lesions induced by Ang II-infusion in rats. Moreover, FTY720 decreased S1P synthesis in Ang II-infusion rats via downregulation of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6. In addition, FTY720 alleviated exogenous S1P-induced podocyte damage. In conclusion, FTY720 is able to attenuate S1P-induced podocyte damage via reducing inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
|
82
|
Dasatinib inhibits c-src phosphorylation and prevents the proliferation of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) cells which overexpress Syndecan-Binding Protein (SDCBP). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171169. [PMID: 28141839 PMCID: PMC5283743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) progresses rapidly but lacks effective targeted therapies. Our previous study showed that downregulating syndecan-binding protein (SDCBP) in TNBC inhibits the proliferation of TNBC cells. Dasatinib is a new small-molecule inhibitor of c-src phosphorylation. The aim of this study was to investigate if SDCBP is a potential marker to indicate whether a TNBC is suitable for dasatinib therapy. This study applied co-immunoprecipitation to identify the interaction between SDCBP and c-src in TNBC cell lines. In addition, immunohistochemistry was used to investigate SDCBP and tyrosine-419 phosphorylated c-src (p-c-src-Y419) expression in TNBC tissues. SDCBP-overexpressing MDA-MB-231 cells were then constructed to evaluate the effects of dasatinib on SDCBP-induced TNBC progression in vitro and tumor formation in nude mice. We found wild-type SDCBP interacted with c-src and promoted the phosphorylation of c-src; this phosphorylation was completely blocked by dasatinib. SDCBP lacking the PDZ domain had no such effect. Among the 52 consecutive random TNBC cases examined, the expression of SDCBP was consistent with that of p-c-src-Y419, and positively correlated with histological grading or Ki-67 levels. SDCBP overexpression significantly accelerated the proliferation and cell cycle progression of the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231; these effects were prevented by dasatinib treatment. However, the subsequent inhibition of p27 expression partially restored the proliferation and viability of the TNBC cells. The results of this study suggest that SDCBP interacts with c-src, regulates G1/S in TNBC cells, and enhances tumor cell proliferation by promoting the tyrosine phosphorylation of c-src at residue 419. Dasatinib inhibits such phosphorylation and blocks SDCBP-induced cell cycle progression. Therefore, SDCBP might be an important marker for identifying TNBC cases that are suitable for dasatinib therapy.
Collapse
|
83
|
Metabolic Disorders and Cancer: Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry in Cancer: Focus on IP 3R-Mediated Ca 2+ Release from Intracellular Stores and Its Role in Migration and Invasion. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 993:623-637. [PMID: 28900936 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) plays important roles in a multitude of cellular processes, from muscle contraction to cellular proliferation and migration. Dysregulation of SOCE is responsible for the advancement of multiple diseases, ranging from immune diseases, myopathies, to terminal ones like cancer. Naturally, SOCE has been a focus of many studies and review papers which, however, primarily concentrated on the principal players localized to the plasma membrane and responsible for Ca2+ entry into the cell. Much less has been said about other players participating in the entire SOCE event. This review aims to address this shortcoming by discussing the accumulated scientific knowledge focused on the inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), principal player responsible for emptying intracellular Ca2+ stores in a majority of cells, and their involvement in regulation of cell migration and invasion in cancer.
Collapse
|
84
|
Barabutis N, Verin A, Catravas JD. Regulation of pulmonary endothelial barrier function by kinases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L832-L845. [PMID: 27663990 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00233.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary endothelium is the target of continuous physiological and pathological stimuli that affect its crucial barrier function. The regulation, defense, and repair of endothelial barrier function require complex biochemical processes. This review examines the role of endothelial phosphorylating enzymes, kinases, a class with profound, interdigitating influences on endothelial permeability and lung function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Alexander Verin
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and
| | - John D Catravas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, .,School of Medical Diagnostic and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs) are uniquely required to balance the formation of new blood vessels with the maintenance and remodelling of existing ones, during development and in adult tissues. Recent advances have greatly expanded our understanding of the tight and multi-level regulation of VEGFR2 signalling, which is the primary focus of this Review. Important insights have been gained into the regulatory roles of VEGFR-interacting proteins (such as neuropilins, proteoglycans, integrins and protein tyrosine phosphatases); the dynamics of VEGFR2 endocytosis, trafficking and signalling; and the crosstalk between VEGF-induced signalling and other endothelial signalling cascades. A clear understanding of this multifaceted signalling web is key to successful therapeutic suppression or stimulation of vascular growth.
Collapse
|
86
|
Gordon EJ, Fukuhara D, Weström S, Padhan N, Sjöström EO, van Meeteren L, He L, Orsenigo F, Dejana E, Bentley K, Spurkland A, Claesson-Welsh L. The endothelial adaptor molecule TSAd is required for VEGF-induced angiogenic sprouting through junctional c-Src activation. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra72. [PMID: 27436360 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad9256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2 (VEGFR2) by VEGF binding is critical for vascular morphogenesis. In addition, VEGF disrupts the endothelial barrier by triggering the phosphorylation and turnover of the junctional molecule VE-cadherin, a process mediated by the VEGFR2 downstream effectors T cell-specific adaptor (TSAd) and the tyrosine kinase c-Src. We investigated whether the VEGFR2-TSAd-c-Src pathway was required for angiogenic sprouting. Indeed, Tsad-deficient embryoid bodies failed to sprout in response to VEGF. Tsad-deficient mice displayed impaired angiogenesis specifically during tracheal vessel development, but not during retinal vasculogenesis, and in VEGF-loaded Matrigel plugs, but not in those loaded with FGF. The SH2 and proline-rich domains of TSAd bridged VEGFR2 and c-Src, and this bridging was critical for the localization of activated c-Src to endothelial junctions and elongation of the growing sprout, but not for selection of the tip cell. These results revealed that vascular sprouting and permeability are both controlled through the VEGFR2-TSAd-c-Src signaling pathway in a subset of tissues, which may be useful in developing strategies to control tissue-specific pathological angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Gordon
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden.
| | - Daisuke Fukuhara
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Simone Weström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Narendra Padhan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Elisabet O Sjöström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Laurens van Meeteren
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden
| | - Fabrizio Orsenigo
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, IFOM, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden. FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, IFOM, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Katie Bentley
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anne Spurkland
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo 0317, Norway
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjöldsv 20, Uppsala 75185, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Liu C, Li Y, Xing Y, Cao B, Yang F, Yang T, Ai Z, Wei Y, Jiang J. The Interaction between Cancer Stem Cell Marker CD133 and Src Protein Promotes Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) Phosphorylation and Cell Migration. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:15540-50. [PMID: 27226554 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.712976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CD133, a widely known cancer stem cell marker, has been proved to promote tumor metastasis. However, the mechanism by which CD133 regulates metastasis remains largely unknown. Here, we report that CD133 knockdown inhibits cancer cell migration, and CD133 overexpression promotes cell migration. CD133 expression is beneficial to activate the Src-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway. Further studies show that CD133 could interact with Src, and the region between amino acids 845 and 857 in the CD133 C-terminal domain is indispensable for its interaction with Src. The interaction activates Src to phosphorylate its substrate FAK and to promote cell migration. Likewise, a Src binding-deficient CD133 mutant loses the abilities to increase Src and FAK phosphorylation and to promote cell migration. Inhibition of Src activity by PP2, a known Src activity inhibitor, could block the activation of FAK phosphorylation and cell migration induced by CD133. In summary, our data suggest that activation of FAK by the interaction between CD133 and Src promotes cell migration, providing clues to understand the migratory mechanism of CD133(+) tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Liu
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Yinan Li
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Yang Xing
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Benjin Cao
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Fan Yang
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Tianxiao Yang
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Zhilong Ai
- Division of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanyan Wei
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Jianhai Jiang
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Sundararaman A, Amirtham U, Rangarajan A. Calcium-Oxidant Signaling Network Regulates AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activation upon Matrix Deprivation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:14410-29. [PMID: 27226623 PMCID: PMC4938166 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.731257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has recently been implicated in anoikis resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms that activate AMPK upon matrix detachment remain unexplored. In this study, we show that AMPK activation is a rapid and sustained phenomenon upon matrix deprivation, whereas re-attachment to the matrix leads to its dephosphorylation and inactivation. Because matrix detachment leads to loss of integrin signaling, we investigated whether integrin signaling negatively regulates AMPK activation. However, modulation of focal adhesion kinase or Src, the major downstream components of integrin signaling, failed to cause a corresponding change in AMPK signaling. Further investigations revealed that the upstream AMPK kinases liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) contribute to AMPK activation upon detachment. In LKB1-deficient cells, we found AMPK activation to be predominantly dependent on CaMKKβ. We observed no change in ATP levels under detached conditions at early time points suggesting that rapid AMPK activation upon detachment was not triggered by energy stress. We demonstrate that matrix deprivation leads to a spike in intracellular calcium as well as oxidant signaling, and both these intracellular messengers contribute to rapid AMPK activation upon detachment. We further show that endoplasmic reticulum calcium release-induced store-operated calcium entry contributes to intracellular calcium increase, leading to reactive oxygen species production, and AMPK activation. We additionally show that the LKB1/CaMKK-AMPK axis and intracellular calcium levels play a critical role in anchorage-independent cancer sphere formation. Thus, the Ca2+/reactive oxygen species-triggered LKB1/CaMKK-AMPK signaling cascade may provide a quick, adaptable switch to promote survival of metastasizing cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananthalakshmy Sundararaman
- From the Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012 and
| | - Usha Amirtham
- the Department of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore-560030, India
| | - Annapoorni Rangarajan
- From the Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012 and
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Bile acids-mediated overexpression of MUC4 via FAK-dependent c-Jun activation in pancreatic cancer. Mol Oncol 2016; 10:1063-77. [PMID: 27185392 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of pancreatic cancer (PC) patients are clinically presented with obstructive jaundice with elevated levels of circulatory bilirubin and alkaline phosphatases. In the current study, we examined the implications of bile acids (BA), an important component of bile, on the pathophysiology of PC and investigated their mechanistic association in tumor-promoting functions. Integration of results from PC patient samples and autochthonous mouse models showed an elevated levels of BA (p < 0.05) in serum samples compared to healthy controls. Similarly, an elevated BA levels was observed in pancreatic juice derived from PC patients (p < 0.05) than non-pancreatic non-healthy (NPNH) controls, further establishing the clinical association of BA with the pathogenesis of PC. The tumor-promoting functions of BA were established by observed transcriptional upregulation of oncogenic MUC4 expression. Luciferase reporter assay revealed distal MUC4 promoter as the primary responsive site to BA. In silico analysis recognized two c-Jun binding sites at MUC4 distal promoter, which was biochemically established using ChIP assay. Interestingly, BA treatment led to an increased transcription and activation of c-Jun in a FAK-dependent manner. Additionally, BA receptor, namely FXR, which is also upregulated at transcriptional level in PC patient samples, was demonstrated as an upstream molecule in BA-mediated FAK activation, plausibly by regulating Src activation. Altogether, these results demonstrate that elevated levels of BA increase the tumorigenic potential of PC cells by inducing FXR/FAK/c-Jun axis to upregulate MUC4 expression, which is overexpressed in pancreatic tumors and is known to be associated with progression and metastasis of PC.
Collapse
|
90
|
Nam AR, Kim JW, Park JE, Bang JH, Jin MH, Lee KH, Kim TY, Han SW, Im SA, Kim TY, Oh DY, Bang YJ. Src as a Therapeutic Target in Biliary Tract Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1515-24. [PMID: 27196758 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Src, a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, is involved in a number of cancer-related signaling pathways and aberrantly activated in biliary tract cancer (BTC). This study aimed to elucidate the potential role of Src as a therapeutic target in BTC. We tested bosutinib, an orally active c-Src/Abl kinase inhibitor, alone or in combination with cytotoxic agents using 9 human BTC cell lines: SNU-245, SNU-308, SNU-478, SNU-869, SNU-1079, SNU-1196, HuCCT1, TFK-1, and EGI-1. Of these, SNU-308 and SNU-478 were relatively sensitive to bosutinib. Bosutinib abrogated phosphorylation of Src and its downstream molecules, and significantly increased G1 cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Bosutinib significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion and decreased epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. Bosutinib combined with gemcitabine or cisplatin showed synergistic antiproliferative and antimigratory effects. In addition, this combination further inhibited phosphorylation of Src and its downstream molecules and decreased epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker expression compared with bosutinib alone. We established a SNU-478 xenograft model for in vivo experiments, because SNU-478 was more tumorigenic than SNU-308. Bosutinib combined with gemcitabine or cisplatin showed significantly more potent antitumor effects than bosutinib alone. Bosutinib combined with gemcitabine further decreased Ki-67 expression and Src phosphorylation, and further increased TUNEL expression. Our data suggest that Src might be a potential therapeutic target in BTC. Bosutinib demonstrated promising antitumor activity alone or in combination with gemcitabine or cisplatin in BTC cells, which supports further clinical development in patients with advanced BTC. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(7); 1515-24. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Rong Nam
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Bang
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mei Hua Jin
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hun Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae-Won Han
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seock-Ah Im
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-You Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Youn Oh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Yung-Jue Bang
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Hsu TI, Chen YJ, Hung CY, Wang YC, Lin SJ, Su WC, Lai MD, Kim SY, Wang Q, Qian K, Goto M, Zhao Y, Kashiwada Y, Lee KH, Chang WC, Hung JJ. A novel derivative of betulinic acid, SYK023, suppresses lung cancer growth and malignancy. Oncotarget 2016; 6:13671-87. [PMID: 25909174 PMCID: PMC4537041 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we evaluated the anti-cancer effect and molecular mechanisms of a novel betulinic acid (BA) derivative, SYK023, by using two mouse models of lung cancer driven by KrasG12D or EGFRL858R. We found that SYK023 inhibits lung tumor proliferation, without side effects in vivo or cytotoxicity in primary lung cells in vitro. SYK023 triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Blockage of ER stress in SYK023-treated cells inhibited SYK023-induced apoptosis. In addition, we found that the expression of cell cycle-related genes, including cyclin A2, B1, D3, CDC25a, and CDC25b decreased but, while those of p15INK4b, p16INK4a, and p21CIP1 increased following SYK023 treatment. Finally, low doses of SYK023 significantly decreased lung cancer metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Expression of several genes related to cell migration, including synaptopodin, were downregulated by SYK023, thereby impairing F-actin polymerization and metastasis. Therefore, SYK023 may be a potentially therapeutic treatment for metastatic lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-I Hsu
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jung Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Hung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Jin Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Derg Lai
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sang-Yong Kim
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Keduo Qian
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yu Zhao
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yoshiki Kashiwada
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Jong Hung
- Center for Infection Disease and Signal Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Churchman ML, Evans K, Richmond J, Robbins A, Jones L, Shapiro IM, Pachter JA, Weaver DT, Houghton PJ, Smith MA, Lock RB, Mullighan CG. Synergism of FAK and tyrosine kinase inhibition in Ph + B-ALL. JCI Insight 2016; 1:86082. [PMID: 27123491 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BCR-ABL1+ B progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ B-ALL) is an aggressive disease that frequently responds poorly to currently available therapies. Alterations in IKZF1, which encodes the lymphoid transcription factor Ikaros, are present in over 80% of Ph+ ALL and are associated with a stem cell-like phenotype, aberrant adhesion molecule expression and signaling, leukemic cell adhesion to the bone marrow stem cell niche, and poor outcome. Here, we show that FAK1 is upregulated in Ph+ B-ALL with further overexpression in IKZF1-altered cells and that the FAK inhibitor VS-4718 potently inhibits aberrant FAK signaling and leukemic cell adhesion, potentiating responsiveness to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, inducing cure in vivo. Thus, targeting FAK with VS-4718 is an attractive approach to overcome the deleterious effects of FAK overexpression in Ph+ B-ALL, particularly in abrogating the adhesive phenotype induced by Ikaros alterations, and warrants evaluation in clinical trials for Ph+ B-ALL, regardless of IKZF1 status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Churchman
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kathryn Evans
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jennifer Richmond
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alissa Robbins
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luke Jones
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Peter J Houghton
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Malcolm A Smith
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Horton ER, Humphries JD, Stutchbury B, Jacquemet G, Ballestrem C, Barry ST, Humphries MJ. Modulation of FAK and Src adhesion signaling occurs independently of adhesion complex composition. J Cell Biol 2016; 212:349-64. [PMID: 26833789 PMCID: PMC4739608 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201508080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) form mechanochemical connections between the extracellular matrix and actin cytoskeleton and mediate phenotypic responses via posttranslational modifications. Here, we investigate the modularity and robustness of the IAC network to pharmacological perturbation of the key IAC signaling components focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src. FAK inhibition using AZ13256675 blocked FAK(Y397) phosphorylation but did not alter IAC composition, as reported by mass spectrometry. IAC composition was also insensitive to Src inhibition using AZD0530 alone or in combination with FAK inhibition. In contrast, kinase inhibition substantially reduced phosphorylation within IACs, cell migration and proliferation. Furthermore using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we found that FAK inhibition increased the exchange rate of a phosphotyrosine (pY) reporter (dSH2) at IACs. These data demonstrate that kinase-dependent signal propagation through IACs is independent of gross changes in IAC composition. Together, these findings demonstrate a general separation between the composition of IACs and their ability to relay pY-dependent signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward R Horton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Ben Stutchbury
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Guillaume Jacquemet
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Christoph Ballestrem
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| | - Simon T Barry
- Oncology iMed, AstraZeneca, Cheshire SK10 4TG, England, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, England, UK
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Westhoff MA, Marschall N, Debatin KM. Novel Approaches to Apoptosis-Inducing Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 930:173-204. [PMID: 27558822 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39406-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Induction of apoptotic programmed cell death is one of the underlying principles of most current cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss the limitations and drawbacks of this approach and identify three distinct, but overlapping strategies to avoid these difficulties and further enhance the efficacy of apoptosis-inducing therapies. We postulate that the application of multi-targeted small molecule inhibitor cocktails will reduce the risk of the cancer cell populations developing resistance towards therapy. Following from these considerations regarding population genetics and ecology, we advocate the reconsideration of therapeutic end points to maximise the benefits, in terms of quantity and quality of life, for the patients. Finally, combining both previous points, we also suggest an altered focus on the cellular and molecular targets of therapy, i.e. targeting the (cancer cells') interaction with the tumour microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicolas Marschall
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Design, synthesis and evaluation of acridine derivatives as multi-target Src and MEK kinase inhibitors for anti-tumor treatment. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:261-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
96
|
Kurup A, Ravindranath S, Tran T, Keating M, Gascard P, Valdevit L, Tlsty TD, Botvinick EL. Novel insights from 3D models: the pivotal role of physical symmetry in epithelial organization. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15153. [PMID: 26472542 PMCID: PMC4608012 DOI: 10.1038/srep15153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
3D tissue culture models are utilized to study breast cancer and other pathologies because they better capture the complexity of in vivo tissue architecture compared to 2D models. However, to mimic the in vivo environment, the mechanics and geometry of the ECM must also be considered. Here, we studied the mechanical environment created in two 3D models, the overlay protocol (OP) and embedded protocol (EP). Mammary epithelial acini features were compared using OP or EP under conditions known to alter acinus organization, i.e. collagen crosslinking and/or ErbB2 receptor activation. Finite element analysis and active microrheology demonstrated that OP creates a physically asymmetric environment with non-uniform mechanical stresses in radial and circumferential directions. Further contrasting with EP, acini in OP displayed cooperation between ErbB2 signalling and matrix crosslinking. These differences in acini phenotype observed between OP and EP highlight the functional impact of physical symmetry in 3D tissue culture models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kurup
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Shreyas Ravindranath
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Tim Tran
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Mark Keating
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Philippe Gascard
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pathology, San Francisco, USA
| | - Lorenzo Valdevit
- University of California Irvine, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Irvine, USA
| | - Thea D Tlsty
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Pathology, San Francisco, USA
| | - Elliot L Botvinick
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, USA.,University of California Irvine, Department of Surgery, Irvine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Reinecke J, Caplan S. Endocytosis and the Src family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases. Biomol Concepts 2015; 5:143-55. [PMID: 25372749 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2014-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulated intracellular transport of nutrient, adhesion, and growth factor receptors is crucial for maintaining cell and tissue homeostasis. Endocytosis, or endocytic membrane trafficking, involves the steps of intracellular transport that include, but are not limited to, internalization from the plasma membrane, sorting in early endosomes, transport to late endosomes/lysosomes followed by degradation, and/or recycling back to the plasma membrane through tubular recycling endosomes. In addition to regulating the localization of transmembrane receptor proteins, the endocytic pathway also controls the localization of non-receptor molecules. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Src (Src) and its closely related family members Yes and Fyn represent three proteins whose localization and signaling activities are tightly regulated by endocytic trafficking. Here, we provide a brief overview of endocytosis, Src function and its biochemical regulation. We will then concentrate on recent advances in understanding how Src intracellular localization is regulated and how its subcellular localization ultimately dictates downstream functioning. As Src kinases are hyperactive in many cancers, it is essential to decipher the spatiotemporal regulation of this important family of tyrosine kinases.
Collapse
|
98
|
Ströbele S, Schneider M, Schneele L, Siegelin MD, Nonnenmacher L, Zhou S, Karpel-Massle G, Westhoff MA, Halatsch ME, Debatin KM. A Potential Role for the Inhibition of PI3K Signaling in Glioblastoma Therapy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131670. [PMID: 26121251 PMCID: PMC4488267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor and among the most difficult to treat malignancies per se. In almost 90% of all GBM alterations in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR have been found, making this survival cascade a promising therapeutic target, particular for combination therapy that combines an apoptosis sensitizer, such as a pharmacological inhibitor of PI3K, with an apoptosis inducer, such as radio- or chemotherapy. However, while in vitro data focusing mainly on established cell lines has appeared rather promising, this has not translated well to a clinical setting. In this study, we analyze the effects of the dual kinase inhibitor PI-103, which blocks PI3K and mTOR activity, on three matched pairs of GBM stem cells/differentiated cells. While blocking PI3K-mediated signaling has a profound effect on cellular proliferation, in contrast to data presented on two GBM cell lines (A172 and U87) PI-103 actually counteracts the effect of chemotherapy. While we found no indications for a potential role of the PI3K signaling cascade in differentiation, we saw a clear and strong contribution to cellular motility and, by extension, invasion. While blocking PI3K-mediated signaling concurrently with application of chemotherapy does not appear to be a valid treatment option, pharmacological inhibitors, such as PI-103, nevertheless have an important place in future therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Ströbele
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Matthias Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lukas Schneele
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus D. Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lisa Nonnenmacher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Shaoxia Zhou
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Georg Karpel-Massle
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Abstract
Knowledge of the molecular events that contribute to prostate cancer progression has created opportunities to develop novel therapy strategies. It is now well established that c-Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, regulates a complex signaling network that drives the development of castrate-resistance and bone metastases, events that signal the lethal phenotype of advanced disease. Preclinical studies have established a role for c-Src and Src Family Kinases (SFKs) in proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and bone metabolism, thus implicating Src signaling in both epithelial and stromal mechanisms of disease progression. A number of small molecule inhibitors of SFK now exist, many of which have demonstrated efficacy in preclinical models and several that have been tested in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. These agents have demonstrated provocative clinic activity, particularly in modulating the bone microenvironment in a therapeutically favorable manner. Here, we review the discovery and basic biology of c-Src and further discuss the role of SFK inhibitors in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
100
|
de Faria Poloni J, Bonatto D. Systems Chemo-Biology and Transcriptomic Meta-Analysis Reveal the Molecular Roles of Bioactive Lipids in Cardiomyocyte Differentiation. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:2018-31. [PMID: 25752681 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipids, which are essential constituents of biological membranes, play structural and functional roles in the cell. In recent years, certain lipids have been identified as regulatory signaling molecules and have been termed "bioactive lipids". Subsequently, the importance of bioactive lipids in stem cell differentiation and cardiogenesis has gained increasing recognition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the biological processes underlying murine cardiac differentiation and the mechanisms by which bioactive lipids affect these processes. For this purpose, a transcriptomic meta-analysis of microarray and RNA-seq data from murine stem cells undergoing cardiogenic differentiation was performed. The differentially expressed genes identified via this meta-analysis, as well as bioactive lipids, were evaluated using systems chemo-biology tools. These data indicated that bioactive lipids are associated with the regulation of cell motility, cell adhesion, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and gene expression. Moreover, bioactive lipids integrate the signaling pathways involved in cell migration, the secretion and remodeling of extracellular matrix components, and the establishment of the cardiac phenotype. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the contribution of bioactive lipids to the induction of cellular responses to various stimuli, which may originate from the extracellular environment and morphogens, and the manner in which this contribution directly affects murine heart morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joice de Faria Poloni
- Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Bonatto
- Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|