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Dahirel M, Bertin A, Haond M, Blin A, Lombaert E, Calcagno V, Fellous S, Mailleret L, Malausa T, Vercken E. Shifts from pulled to pushed range expansions caused by reduction of landscape connectivity. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Dahirel
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Aline Bertin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Marjorie Haond
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Aurélie Blin
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Eric Lombaert
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Vincent Calcagno
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Simon Fellous
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Ludovic Mailleret
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
- Univ. Côte d'Azur, INRIA, INRAE, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, BIOCORE Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Thibaut Malausa
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
| | - Elodie Vercken
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA Sophia Antipolis France
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Wang F, Wang D, Guo G, Zhang M, Lang J, Wei J. Potential Distributions of the Invasive Barnacle Scale Ceroplastes cirripediformis (Hemiptera: Coccidae) Under Climate Change and Implications for Its Management. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:82-89. [PMID: 33184624 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock is one of the most destructive invasive pests that have caused various negative impacts to agricultural, ornamental, and greenhouse plants. Since it is time- and labor-consuming to control C. cirripediformis, habitat evaluation of this pest may be the most cost-effective method for predicting its dispersal and avoiding its outbreaks. Here, we evaluated the effects of climatic variables on distribution patterns of C. cirripediformis and produced a global risk map for its outbreak under current and future climate scenarios using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model. Our results showed that mean temperature of driest quarter (Bio 9), precipitation of coldest quarter (Bio 19), precipitation of warmest quarter (Bio 18), and mean temperature of wettest quarter (Bio 8) were the main factors influencing the current modeled distribution of C. cirripediformis, respectively, contributing 41.9, 29.4, 18.8, and 7.9%. The models predicted that, globally, potential distribution of C. cirripediformis would be across most zoogeographical regions under both current and future climate scenarios. Moreover, in the future, both the total potential distribution region and its area of highly suitable habitat are expected to expand slightly in all representative concentration pathway scenarios. The information generated from this study will contribute to better identify the impacts of climate change upon C. cirripediformis's potential distribution while also providing a scientific basis for forecasting insect pest spread and outbreaks. Furthermore, this study serves an early warning for the regions of potential distribution, predicted as highly suitable habitats for this pest, which could promote its prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Duo Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Ge Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Meixia Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Lang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Jiufeng Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, P.R. China
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53
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Lanner J, Gstöttenmayer F, Curto M, Geslin B, Huchler K, Orr MC, Pachinger B, Sedivy C, Meimberg H. Evidence for multiple introductions of an invasive wild bee species currently under rapid range expansion in Europe. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:17. [PMID: 33546597 PMCID: PMC7866639 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive species are increasingly driving biodiversity decline, and knowledge of colonization dynamics, including both drivers and dispersal modes, are important to prevent future invasions. The bee species Megachile sculpturalis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), native to East-Asia, was first recognized in Southeast-France in 2008, and has since spread throughout much of Europe. The spread is very fast, and colonization may result from multiple fronts. RESULT To track the history of this invasion, codominant markers were genotyped using Illumina sequencing and the invasion history and degree of connectivity between populations across the European invasion axis were investigated. Distinctive genetic clusters were detected with east-west differentiations in Middle-Europe. CONCLUSION We hypothesize that the observed cluster formation resulted from multiple, independent introductions of the species to the European continent. This study draws a first picture of an early invasion stage of this wild bee and forms a foundation for further investigations, including studies of the species in their native Asian range and in the invaded range in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lanner
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Fabian Gstöttenmayer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food & Agriculture, Wagramer Straße 5, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Curto
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria.,MARE Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Camop Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Benoît Geslin
- IMBE, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Katharina Huchler
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael C Orr
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bärbel Pachinger
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Harald Meimberg
- Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria
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54
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Yang F, Liu N, Crossley MS, Wang P, Ma Z, Guo J, Zhang R. Cropland connectivity affects genetic divergence of Colorado potato beetle along an invasion front. Evol Appl 2021; 14:553-565. [PMID: 33664794 PMCID: PMC7896701 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The population genetic structure of invasive species can be strongly affected by environmental and landscape barriers to dispersal. Disentangling the relative contributions of these factors to genetic divergence among invading populations is a fundamental goal of landscape genetics with important implications for invasion management. Here, we relate patterns of genetic divergence in a global invasive agricultural pest, Colorado potato beetle (CPB; Leptinotarsa decemlineata), to environmental and landscape factors along an invasion front in Northwestern China. We first used microsatellite markers and spatial-temporal samples to assess broad patterns of genetic diversity as well as fine-scale changes in patterns of genetic divergence. We then distinguished the relative contributions of five factors to genetic divergence among front populations: geographic distance (isolation by distance), climate dissimilarity (isolation by environment), and least-cost distances (isolation by resistance) modeled with three factors: climate suitability, cropland cover, and road networks. Genetic diversity broadly decreased from West to East, with the exception being Eastern China. Low levels of genetic diversity and varying degrees of divergence were observed in Northwestern China, reflecting the potential effect of landscape heterogeneity. Least-cost distance across cropland cover was most positively correlated with genetic divergence, suggesting a role of croplands in facilitating gene flow. The contribution of climate to genetic divergence was secondary, whether modeled in terms of local adaptability or connectivity of the climatic landscape, suggesting that constraints to CPB gene flow imposed by a harsh climate may be ameliorated in agricultural landscapes. No evidence was found for an obvious effect of road networks on genetic divergence and population structuring. Our study provides an example of how agricultural landscape connectivity can facilitate the spread of invasive pests, even across a broad climatic gradient. More broadly, our findings can guide decisions about future land management for mitigating further spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Yang
- Institute of EntomologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and EvolutionInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and EvolutionInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | | | - Pengcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and EvolutionInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhuo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and EvolutionInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jianjun Guo
- Institute of EntomologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Runzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and EvolutionInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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55
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Bujan J, Charavel E, Bates OK, Gippet JMW, Darras H, Lebas C, Bertelsmeier C. Increased acclimation ability accompanies a thermal niche shift of a recent invasion. J Anim Ecol 2020; 90:483-491. [PMID: 33131068 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Globalization is removing dispersal barriers for the establishment of invasive species and enabling their spread to novel climates. New thermal environments in the invaded range will be particularly challenging for ectotherms, as their metabolism directly depends on environmental temperature. However, we know little about the role climatic niche shifts play in the invasion process, and the underlining physiological mechanisms. We tested if a thermal niche shift accompanies an invasion, and if native and introduced populations differ in their ability to acclimate thermal limits. We used an alien ant species-Tapinoma magnum-which recently started to spread across Europe. Using occurrence data and accompanying climatic variables, we measured the amount of overlap between thermal niches in the native and invaded range. We then experimentally tested the acclimation ability in native and introduced populations by incubating T. magnum at 18, 25 and 30°C. We measured upper and lower critical thermal limits after 7 and 21 days. We found that T. magnum occupies a distinct thermal niche in its introduced range, which is on average 3.5°C colder than its native range. Critical thermal minimum did not differ between populations from the two ranges when colonies were maintained at 25 or 30°C, but did differ after colony acclimation at a lower temperature. We found twofold greater acclimation ability of introduced populations to lower temperatures, after prolonged incubation at 18°C. Increased acclimation ability of lower thermal limits could explain the expansion of the realized thermal niche in the invaded range, and likely contributed to the spread of this species to cooler climates. Such thermal plasticity could be an important, yet so far understudied, factor underlying the expansion of invasive insects into novel climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Bujan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ellouène Charavel
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivia K Bates
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme M W Gippet
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugo Darras
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claude Lebas
- Antarea (www.antarea.fr), Association pour l'étude et la cartographie des fourmis de France métropolitaine, Canohès, France
| | - Cleo Bertelsmeier
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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56
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Lebouvier M, Lambret P, Garnier A, Convey P, Frenot Y, Vernon P, Renault D. Spotlight on the invasion of a carabid beetle on an oceanic island over a 105-year period. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17103. [PMID: 33051466 PMCID: PMC7553920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The flightless beetle Merizodus soledadinus, native to the Falkland Islands and southern South America, was introduced to the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands in the early Twentieth Century. Using available literature data, in addition to collecting more than 2000 new survey (presence/absence) records of M. soledadinus over the 1991-2018 period, we confirmed the best estimate of the introduction date of M. soledadinus to the archipelago, and tracked subsequent changes in its abundance and geographical distribution. The range expansion of this flightless insect was initially slow, but has accelerated over the past 2 decades, in parallel with increased local abundance. Human activities may have facilitated further local colonization by M. soledadinus, which is now widespread in the eastern part of the archipelago. This predatory insect is a major threat to the native invertebrate fauna, in particular to the endemic wingless flies Anatalanta aptera and Calycopteryx moseleyi which can be locally eliminated by the beetle. Our distribution data also suggest an accelerating role of climate change in the range expansion of M. soledadinus, with populations now thriving in low altitude habitats. Considering that no control measures, let alone eradication, are practicable, it is essential to limit any further local range expansion of this aggressively invasive insect through human assistance. This study confirms the crucial importance of long term biosurveillance for the detection and monitoring of non-native species and the timely implementation of control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Lebouvier
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
| | - Philippe Lambret
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
| | - Alexia Garnier
- Réserve Naturelle Nationale des Terres Australes Françaises, Rue Gabriel Dejean, 97410, Saint Pierre, Ile de la Réunion, France
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Yves Frenot
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
| | - Philippe Vernon
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
| | - David Renault
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 Rue Descartes, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France.
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Grajal-Puche A, Murray CM, Kearley M, Merchant M, Nix C, Warner JK, Walker DM. Microbial Assemblage Dynamics Within the American Alligator Nesting Ecosystem: a Comparative Approach Across Ecological Scales. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2020; 80:603-613. [PMID: 32424717 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-020-01522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the ecological processes that shape species assemblage patterns is central to community ecology. The effects of ecological processes on assemblage patterns are scale-dependent. We used metabarcoding and shotgun sequencing to determine bacterial taxonomic and functional assemblage patterns among varying defined focal scales (micro-, meso-, and macroscale) within the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) nesting microbiome. We correlate bacterial assemblage patterns among eight nesting compartments within and proximal to alligator nests (micro-), across 18 nests (meso-), and between 4 geographic sampling sites (macro-), to determine which ecological processes may drive bacterial assemblage patterns within the nesting environment. Among all focal scales, bacterial taxonomic and functional richness (α-diversity) did not statistically differ. In contrast, bacterial assemblage structure (β-diversity) was unique across all focal scales, whereas functional pathways were redundant within nests and across geographic sites. Considering these observed scale-based patterns, taxonomic bacterial composition may be governed by unique environmental filters and dispersal limitations relative to microbial functional attributes within the alligator nesting environment. These results advance pattern-process dynamics within the field of microbial community ecology and describe processes influencing the American alligator nest microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher M Murray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA, 70402, USA
- Biology Department, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, 38505, USA
| | - Matthew Kearley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Mark Merchant
- Department of Chemistry, McNeese State University, Lake Charles, LA, 70609, USA
| | - Christopher Nix
- Alabama Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries Division, Montgomery, AL, 36130, USA
| | | | - Donald M Walker
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA.
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58
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Diapause Regulation in Newly Invaded Environments: Termination Timing Allows Matching Novel Climatic Constraints in the Box Tree Moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11090629. [PMID: 32932675 PMCID: PMC7563306 DOI: 10.3390/insects11090629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis, is an Asian pest whose rapid invasion in Europe causes considerable economic and ecological impacts. Larvae enter a winter diapause induced by photoperiod in both native and invaded ranges, but factors that trigger the return to an active phase are still unknown. Yet, identifying them is crucial to understanding how diapause end synchronizes with the end of the winter stress encountered in Europe. We tested whether activity resumption is regulated by thermal and/or photoperiodic thresholds, two factors often involved in diapause termination, by exposing diapausing caterpillars from an invaded area to crossed treatments at the laboratory. The evolution of diapause rate was monitored over time and compared to that of nearby field sites invaded. A strong positive effect of increasing temperature was found on the rate and dynamics of diapause termination, whereas no compelling effect of photoperiod appeared. Resuming development directly when main stressors fade, not in response to indirect photoperiodic cues that could be mismatched outside native areas, likely contributes to the good match observed between diapause and the new climates encountered in the invaded range. This finding can improve phenological modelling of the overwintering generation and help better mitigate its damage. Abstract The association between indirect environmental cues that modulate insect diapause and the actual stressors is by no means granted when a species encounters new environments. The box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis, is an Asian pest whose rapid invasion in Europe causes considerable economic and ecological impacts. Larvae enter a winter diapause induced by the photoperiod in both native and invaded ranges, but factors that trigger the return to an active phase are still unknown. Yet, identifying them is crucial to understand how diapause end synchronizes with the end of the winter stress encountered in Europe. To test whether activity resumption is regulated by thermal and/or photoperiodic thresholds, or additive effects between these factors often involved in diapause termination, diapausing caterpillars from an invaded area were exposed to crossed treatments at the laboratory. The evolution of diapause rate was monitored over time and compared to that of nearby field sites invaded. A strong positive effect of increasing temperature was found on the rate and dynamics of diapause termination, whereas no compelling effect of photoperiod appeared. Resuming development directly when main stressors fade, not in response to indirect photoperiodic cues that could be mismatched outside native areas, likely contributes to the good match observed between diapause and the new climates that this pest encountered in the invaded range.
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Messina FJ, Lish AM, Springer A, Gompert Z. Colonization of Marginal Host Plants by Seed Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Effects of Geographic Source and Genetic Admixture. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:938-946. [PMID: 32484545 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ability to adapt to a novel host plant may vary among insect populations with different genetic histories, and colonization of a marginal host may be facilitated by genetic admixture of disparate populations. We assembled populations of the seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), from four continents, and compared their ability to infest two hosts, lentil and pea. We also formed two cross-continent hybrids (Africa × N.A. and Africa × S.A.). In pre-selection assays, survival was only ~3% in lentil and ~40% in pea. For three replicate populations per line, colonization success on lentil was measured as cumulative exit holes after 75-175 d. On pea, we estimated the change in larval survival after five generations of selection. Females in all lines laid few eggs on lentil, and survival of F1 larvae was uniformly <5%. Subsequently, however, the lines diverged considerably in population growth. Performance on lentil was highest in the Africa × N.A. hybrid, which produced far more adults (mean > 11,000) than either parental line. At the other extreme, Asian populations on lentil appeared to have gone extinct. The Africa × N.A. line also exhibited the highest survival on pea, and again performed better than either parent line. However, no line displayed a rapid increase in survival on pea, as is sometimes observed on lentil. Our results demonstrate that geographic populations can vary substantially in their responses to the same novel resource. In addition, genetic admixtures (potentially caused by long-distance transport of infested seeds) may facilitate colonization of an initially poor host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amy Springer
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT
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Renault D. A Review of the Phenotypic Traits Associated with Insect Dispersal Polymorphism, and Experimental Designs for Sorting out Resident and Disperser Phenotypes. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11040214. [PMID: 32235446 PMCID: PMC7240479 DOI: 10.3390/insects11040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dispersal represents a key life-history trait with several implications for the fitness of organisms, population dynamics and resilience, local adaptation, meta-population dynamics, range shifting, and biological invasions. Plastic and evolutionary changes of dispersal traits have been intensively studied over the past decades in entomology, in particular in wing-dimorphic insects for which literature reviews are available. Importantly, dispersal polymorphism also exists in wing-monomorphic and wingless insects, and except for butterflies, fewer syntheses are available. In this perspective, by integrating the very latest research in the fast moving field of insect dispersal ecology, this review article provides an overview of our current knowledge of dispersal polymorphism in insects. In a first part, some of the most often used experimental methodologies for the separation of dispersers and residents in wing-monomorphic and wingless insects are presented. Then, the existing knowledge on the morphological and life-history trait differences between resident and disperser phenotypes is synthetized. In a last part, the effects of range expansion on dispersal traits and performance is examined, in particular for insects from range edges and invasion fronts. Finally, some research perspectives are proposed in the last part of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Renault
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution) UMR 6553, F-35000 Rennes, France; ; Tel.: +33-(0)2-2323-6627
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France
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Ma L, Cao L, Hoffmann AA, Gong Y, Chen J, Chen H, Wang X, Zeng A, Wei S, Zhou Z. Rapid and strong population genetic differentiation and genomic signatures of climatic adaptation in an invasive mealybug. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
- Institute of Insect Science Hunan Agriculture University Changsha China
| | - Li‐Jun Cao
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Ary A. Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences Bio21 Institute The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Ya‐Jun Gong
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jin‐Cui Chen
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Hong‐Song Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanning China
| | - Xu‐Bo Wang
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University Kunming China
| | - Ai‐Ping Zeng
- Institute of Insect Science Hunan Agriculture University Changsha China
| | - Shu‐Jun Wei
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhong‐Shi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
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Frank SD, Just MG. Can Cities Activate Sleeper Species and Predict Future Forest Pests? A Case Study of Scale Insects. INSECTS 2020; 11:E142. [PMID: 32106554 PMCID: PMC7142728 DOI: 10.3390/insects11030142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sleeper species are innocuous native or naturalized species that exhibit invasive characteristics and become pests in response to environmental change. Climate warming is expected to increase arthropod damage in forests, in part, by transforming innocuous herbivores into severe pests: awakening sleeper species. Urban areas are warmer than natural areas due to the urban heat island effect and so the trees and pests in cities already experience temperatures predicted to occur in 50-100 years. We posit that arthropod species that become pests of urban trees are those that benefit from warming and thus should be monitored as potential sleeper species in forests. We illustrate this with two case studies of scale insects that are important pests of urban trees in parts of the US. Melanaspis tenebricosa and Parthenolecanium quercifex are geographically native to the US but take on invasive characteristics such as higher survival and reproduction and become disconnected from natural enemies on urban trees due to the urban heat island effect. This allows them to reach high densities and damage their host trees. Parthenolecanium quercifex density increases up to 12 times on urban willow oaks with just 2 °C of warming due to higher survival and adaptation to warmer temperatures. The urban heat island effect also creates a phenological mismatch between P. quercifex and its parasitoid complex, and so egg production is higher. Melanaspis tenebricosa density can increase 300 times on urban red maples with 2.5 °C of warming. This too is due to direct effects of warmer temperatures on survival and fecundity but M. tenebricosa also benefits from the drought stress incurred by warmer urban trees. These effects combine to increase M. tenebricosa density in forests as well as on urban trees at latitudes higher than its native range. We illustrate how cities provide a unique opportunity to study the complex effects of warming on insect herbivores. Studying pestilent urban species could be a pragmatic approach for identifying and preparing for sleeper species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D. Frank
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Campus Box 7613, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
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Ouisse T, Day E, Laville L, Hendrickx F, Convey P, Renault D. Effects of elevational range shift on the morphology and physiology of a carabid beetle invading the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1234. [PMID: 31988370 PMCID: PMC6985133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57868-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Climatic changes can induce geographic expansion and altitudinal shifts in the distribution of invasive species by offering more thermally suitable habitats. At the remote sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands, the predatory insect Merizodus soledadinus (Coleoptera: Carabidae), introduced in 1913, rapidly invaded coastal habitats. More recent colonisation of higher elevation habitats by this species could be underlain by their increased thermal suitability as the area has warmed. This study compared the effect of elevational range shift on the morphology and physiology of adult M. soledadinus sampled along two altitudinal transects (from the foreshore to 250 m a.s.l.) and a horizontal lowland transect orthogonal to the seashore (400 m length). Although high inter-individual and inter-transect variations in the traits examined were present, we observed that body mass of males and females tended to decrease with elevation, and that triglyceride contents decreased with distance from the shore. Moreover, protein contents of females as well as those of 26 metabolites were influenced significantly by distance to the foreshore. These results suggest that future climate change at the Kerguelen Islands will further assist the colonisation of lowland inland and higher altitude habitats by this aggressively invasive predator, by making previously sub-optimal habitats progressively more suitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ouisse
- Université de Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, cedex, France
| | - E Day
- Université de Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, cedex, France
| | - L Laville
- Université de Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, cedex, France
| | - F Hendrickx
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, terrestrial ecology unit, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, United Kingdom
| | - D Renault
- Université de Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, cedex, France. .,Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231, Paris, cedex 05, France.
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64
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Asplen MK. Proximate Drivers of Migration and Dispersal in Wing-Monomorphic Insects. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11010061. [PMID: 31963745 PMCID: PMC7022453 DOI: 10.3390/insects11010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gains in our knowledge of dispersal and migration in insects have been largely limited to either wing-dimorphic species or current genetic model systems. Species belonging to these categories, however, represent only a tiny fraction of insect biodiversity, potentially making generalization problematic. In this perspective, I present three topics in which current and future research may lead to greater knowledge of these processes in wing-monomorphic insects with limited existing molecular tools. First, threshold genetic models are reviewed as testable hypotheses for the heritability of migratory traits, using the sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) as a case study of a behaviorally-polymorphic migratory species lacking morphological or physiological differentiation. In addition, both adaptive and non-adaptive explanations for the empirically variable relationship between egg production and flight in wing-monomorphic insects are discussed. Finally, with respect to the largest order of insects (Hymenoptera), the role of sex determination mechanisms for haplodiploidy as a driver for natal dispersal (for inbreeding avoidance) versus philopatry (such as in local mate competition) is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Asplen
- Natural Sciences Department, Metropolitan State University, Saint Paul, MN 55106, USA
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Hamelin RC, Roe AD. Genomic biosurveillance of forest invasive alien enemies: A story written in code. Evol Appl 2020; 13:95-115. [PMID: 31892946 PMCID: PMC6935587 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The world's forests face unprecedented threats from invasive insects and pathogens that can cause large irreversible damage to the ecosystems. This threatens the world's capacity to provide long-term fiber supply and ecosystem services that range from carbon storage, nutrient cycling, and water and air purification, to soil preservation and maintenance of wildlife habitat. Reducing the threat of forest invasive alien species requires vigilant biosurveillance, the process of gathering, integrating, interpreting, and communicating essential information about pest and pathogen threats to achieve early detection and warning and to enable better decision-making. This process is challenging due to the diversity of invasive pests and pathogens that need to be identified, the diverse pathways of introduction, and the difficulty in assessing the risk of establishment. Genomics can provide powerful new solutions to biosurveillance. The process of invasion is a story written in four chapters: transport, introduction, establishment, and spread. The series of processes that lead to a successful invasion can leave behind a DNA signature that tells the story of an invasion. This signature can help us understand the dynamic, multistep process of invasion and inform management of current and future introductions. This review describes current and future application of genomic tools and pipelines that will provide accurate identification of pests and pathogens, assign outbreak or survey samples to putative sources to identify pathways of spread, and assess risk based on traits that impact the outbreak outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Hamelin
- Department of Forest and Conservation SciencesThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS)Université LavalQuébecQCCanada
- Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Faculté de Foresterie et GéographieUniversité LavalQuébecQCCanada
| | - Amanda D. Roe
- Great Lakes Forestry CenterNatural Resources CanadaSault Ste. MarieONCanada
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Engell Dahl J, Bertrand M, Pierre A, Curtit B, Pillard C, Tasiemski A, Convey P, Renault D. Thermal tolerance patterns of a carabid beetle sampled along invasion and altitudinal gradients at a sub-Antarctic island. J Therm Biol 2019; 86:102447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Unraveling the Genetic Structure of the Coconut Scale Insect Pest ( Aspidiotus rigidus Reyne) Outbreak Populations in the Philippines. INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10110374. [PMID: 31717772 PMCID: PMC6920999 DOI: 10.3390/insects10110374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that massive outbreaks of the coconut scale insect pest, Aspidiotus rigidus Reyne (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) are inflicting significant economic losses to the Philippines' coconut industry, little is known about the population and dispersal history of this invasive pest in the country. Here, we examined the genetic diversity, structure and demographic history of A. rigidus sampled from localities with reported outbreaks from 2014 to 2017. We analyzed the genetic structure of the outbreak populations using mitochondrial COI and nuclear EF-1α markers. Both markers and all methods of population genetic structure analyses indicate clear differentiation among the A. rigidus populations separating the north from the southern regions of the Philippines. Very low or no genetic differentiation was observed within and amongst the populations per geographic region indicating two unrelated outbreak events of the pest originating from two genetically uniform populations isolated in each respective region. Historical data supports the resurgence of an established A. rigidus population in the south which could have been driven by sudden climatic changes or human-induced habitat imbalance. Our study provides valuable information on the genetic differentiation of the two A. rigidus groups that would be useful for developing and implementing biological control strategies against this pest in the Philippines.
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Gippet JM, Liebhold AM, Fenn-Moltu G, Bertelsmeier C. Human-mediated dispersal in insects. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 35:96-102. [PMID: 31479895 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Central to the problem of biological invasions, human activities introduce species beyond their native ranges and participate in their subsequent spread. Understanding human-mediated dispersal is therefore crucial for both predicting and preventing invasions. Here, we show that decomposing human-mediated dispersal into three temporal phases: departure, transport and arrival, allows to understand how the characteristics of human activities and the biological traits of species influence each phase of the dispersal process, and ultimately govern invasion pathways in insects. Integrating these precise mechanisms into future invasion models should increase their realism and generalization for any potential insect invader. Moreover, understanding these mechanisms can provide insight into why some invasive insects are more widely distributed than others, and to estimate risks posed by species that have not yet been introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Mw Gippet
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Andrew M Liebhold
- US Forest Service Northern Research Station, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Praha 6 - Suchdol, CZ 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - Gyda Fenn-Moltu
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cleo Bertelsmeier
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Sherpa S, Blum MGB, Després L. Cold adaptation in the Asian tiger mosquito's native range precedes its invasion success in temperate regions. Evolution 2019; 73:1793-1808. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Sherpa
- Université Grenoble Alpes CNRS, UMR 5553 LECA F‐38000 Grenoble France
| | - Michael G. B. Blum
- Université Grenoble Alpes CNRS, UMR 5525 TIMC‐IMAG F‐38000 Grenoble France
| | - Laurence Després
- Université Grenoble Alpes CNRS, UMR 5553 LECA F‐38000 Grenoble France
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Bisschop K, Mortier F, Etienne RS, Bonte D. Transient local adaptation and source-sink dynamics in experimental populations experiencing spatially heterogeneous environments. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20190738. [PMID: 31238842 PMCID: PMC6599998 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.0738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Local adaptation is determined by the strength of selection and the level of gene flow within heterogeneous landscapes. The presence of benign habitat can act as an evolutionary stepping stone for local adaptation to challenging environments by providing the necessary genetic variation. At the same time, migration load from benign habitats will hinder adaptation. In a community context, interspecific competition is expected to select against maladapted migrants, hence reducing migration load and facilitating adaptation. As the interplay between competition and spatial heterogeneity on the joint ecological and evolutionary dynamics of populations is poorly understood, we performed an evolutionary experiment using the herbivore spider mite Tetranychus urticae as a model. We studied the species's demography and local adaptation in a challenging environment that consisted of an initial sink (pepper plants) and/or a more benign environment (cucumber plants). Half of the experimental populations were exposed to a competitor, the congeneric T. ludeni. We show that while spider mites only adapted to the challenging pepper environment when it was spatially interspersed with benign cucumber habitat, this adaptation was only temporary and disappeared when the populations in the benign cucumber environment were expanding and spilling-over to the challenging pepper environment. Although the focal species outcompeted the competitor after about two months, a negative effect of competition on the focal species's performance persisted in the benign environment. Adaptation to challenging habitat in heterogeneous landscapes thus highly depends on demography and source-sink dynamics, but also on competitive interactions with other species, even if they are only present for a short time span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bisschop
- 1 Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen , PO Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen , The Netherlands.,2 TEREC (Terrestrial Ecology Unit), Department of Biology, Ghent University , Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Frederik Mortier
- 2 TEREC (Terrestrial Ecology Unit), Department of Biology, Ghent University , Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Rampal S Etienne
- 1 Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen , PO Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Dries Bonte
- 2 TEREC (Terrestrial Ecology Unit), Department of Biology, Ghent University , Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent , Belgium
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Enriquez T, Colinet H. Cold acclimation triggers major transcriptional changes in Drosophila suzukii. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:413. [PMID: 31117947 PMCID: PMC6532241 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insects have the capacity to adjust their physiological mechanisms during their lifetime to promote cold tolerance and cope with sublethal thermal conditions, a phenomenon referred to as thermal acclimation. The spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is an invasive fruit pest that, like many other species, enhances its thermotolerance in response to thermal acclimation. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of this plastic response. Here, we promoted flies' cold tolerance by gradually increasing acclimation duration (i.e. pre-exposure from 2 h to 9 days at 10 °C), and then compared transcriptomic responses of cold hardy versus cold susceptible phenotypes using RNA sequencing. RESULTS Cold tolerance of D. suzukii increased with acclimation duration; the longer the acclimation, the higher the cold tolerance. Cold-tolerant flies that were acclimated for 9 days were selected for transcriptomic analyses. RNA sequencing revealed a total of 2908 differentially expressed genes: 1583 were up- and 1325 were downregulated in cold acclimated flies. Functional annotation revealed many enriched GO-terms among which ionic transport across membranes and signaling were highly represented in acclimated flies. Neuronal activity and carbohydrate metabolism were also enriched GO-terms in acclimated flies. Results also revealed many GO-terms related to oogenesis which were underrepresented in acclimated flies. CONCLUSIONS Involvement of a large cluster of genes related to ion transport in cold acclimated flies suggests adjustments in the capacity to maintain ion and water homeostasis. These processes are key mechanisms underlying cold tolerance in insects. Down regulation of genes related to oogenesis in cold acclimated females likely reflects that females were conditioned at 10 °C, a temperature that prevents oogenesis. Overall, these results help to understand the molecular underpinnings of cold tolerance acquisition in D. suzukii. These data are of importance considering that the invasive success of D. suzukii in diverse climatic regions relates to its high thermal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Enriquez
- Université de Rennes1, CNRS, ECOBIO - UMR 6553, 263 avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, France.
| | - Hervé Colinet
- Université de Rennes1, CNRS, ECOBIO - UMR 6553, 263 avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, France
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Kenna D, Cooley H, Pretelli I, Ramos Rodrigues A, Gill SD, Gill RJ. Pesticide exposure affects flight dynamics and reduces flight endurance in bumblebees. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:5637-5650. [PMID: 31160987 PMCID: PMC6540668 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of agricultural land use change creates a number of challenges that insect pollinators, such as eusocial bees, must overcome. Resultant fragmentation and loss of suitable foraging habitats, combined with pesticide exposure, may increase demands on foraging, specifically the ability to collect or reach sufficient resources under such stress. Understanding effects that pesticides have on flight performance is therefore vital if we are to assess colony success in these changing landscapes. Neonicotinoids are one of the most widely used classes of pesticide across the globe, and exposure to bees has been associated with reduced foraging efficiency and homing ability. One explanation for these effects could be that elements of flight are being affected, but apart from a couple of studies on the honeybee (Apis mellifera), this has scarcely been tested. Here, we used flight mills to investigate how exposure to a field realistic (10 ppb) acute dose of imidacloprid affected flight performance of a wild insect pollinator-the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris audax. Intriguingly, observations showed exposed workers flew at a significantly higher velocity over the first ¾ km of flight. This apparent hyperactivity, however, may have a cost because exposed workers showed reduced flight distance and duration to around a third of what control workers were capable of achieving. Given that bumblebees are central place foragers, impairment to flight endurance could translate to a decline in potential forage area, decreasing the abundance, diversity, and nutritional quality of available food, while potentially diminishing pollination service capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kenna
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonSilwood ParkAscotBerkshireUK
| | - Hazel Cooley
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonSilwood ParkAscotBerkshireUK
| | - Ilaria Pretelli
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonSilwood ParkAscotBerkshireUK
- Dipartimento di BiologiaUniversità di PadovaPadovaItaly
- Department of Human Behaviour, Ecology, and CultureMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyLeipzigGermany
| | - Ana Ramos Rodrigues
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonSilwood ParkAscotBerkshireUK
| | - Steve D. Gill
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonSilwood ParkAscotBerkshireUK
| | - Richard J. Gill
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonSilwood ParkAscotBerkshireUK
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Latombe G, Canavan S, Hirsch H, Hui C, Kumschick S, Nsikani MM, Potgieter LJ, Robinson TB, Saul W, Turner SC, Wilson JRU, Yannelli FA, Richardson DM. A four‐component classification of uncertainties in biological invasions: implications for management. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Latombe
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
- Department of Mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
| | - S. Canavan
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
- Kirstenbosch Research Centre South African National Biodiversity Institute Private Bag X7 Claremont 7735 South Africa
| | - H. Hirsch
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
| | - C. Hui
- Department of Mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
- Mathematical and Physical Biosciences African Institute for Mathematical Sciences Cape Town 7945 South Africa
| | - S. Kumschick
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
- Kirstenbosch Research Centre South African National Biodiversity Institute Private Bag X7 Claremont 7735 South Africa
| | - M. M. Nsikani
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
| | - L. J. Potgieter
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
| | - T. B. Robinson
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
| | - W.‐C. Saul
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
- Department of Mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
| | - S. C. Turner
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
| | - J. R. U. Wilson
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
- Kirstenbosch Research Centre South African National Biodiversity Institute Private Bag X7 Claremont 7735 South Africa
| | - F. A. Yannelli
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
| | - D. M. Richardson
- Department of Botany and Zoology Centre for Invasion Biology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa
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Salman MHR, Bonsignore CP, El Alaoui El Fels A, Giomi F, Hodar JA, Laparie M, Marini L, Merel C, Zalucki MP, Zamoum M, Battisti A. Winter temperature predicts prolonged diapause in pine processionary moth species across their geographic range. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6530. [PMID: 30842907 PMCID: PMC6397759 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged diapause occurs in a number of insects and is interpreted as a way to evade adverse conditions. The winter pine processionary moths (Thaumetopoea pityocampa and Th. wilkinsoni) are important pests of pines and cedars in the Mediterranean region. They are typically univoltine, with larvae feeding across the winter, pupating in spring in the soil and emerging as adults in summer. Pupae may, however, enter a prolonged diapause with adults emerging one or more years later. We tested the effect of variation in winter temperature on the incidence of prolonged diapause, using a total of 64 individual datasets related to insect cohorts over the period 1964-2015 for 36 sites in seven countries, covering most of the geographic range of both species. We found high variation in prolonged diapause incidence over their ranges. At both lower and upper ends of the thermal range in winter, prolonged diapause tended to be higher than at intermediate temperatures. Prolonged diapause may represent a risk-spreading strategy to mitigate climate uncertainty, although it may increase individual mortality because of a longer exposure to mortality factors such as predation, parasitism, diseases or energy depletion. Climate change, and in particular the increase of winter temperature, may reduce the incidence of prolonged diapause in colder regions whereas it may increase it in warmer ones, with consequences for population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md H R Salman
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro Padova, Italia
| | | | | | - Folco Giomi
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro Padova, Italia
| | - José A Hodar
- Department of Ecology, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mathieu Laparie
- Unité de Recherche de Zoologie Forestière, INRA, Orleans, France
| | | | - Cécile Merel
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro Padova, Italia
| | - Myron P Zalucki
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mohamed Zamoum
- Arboretum Bajnem, Institut National Recherche Forestiere, Alger, Algeria
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Lester PJ, Beggs JR. Invasion Success and Management Strategies for Social Vespula Wasps. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 64:51-71. [PMID: 30256668 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Three species of Vespula have become invasive in Australia, Hawai'i, New Zealand, and North and South America and continue to spread. These social wasp species can achieve high nest densities, and their behavioral plasticity has led to substantial impacts on recipient communities. Ecologically, they affect all trophic levels, restructuring communities and altering resource flows. Economically, their main negative effect is associated with pollination and the apicultural industry. Climate change is likely to exacerbate their impacts in many regions. Introduced Vespula spp. likely experience some degree of enemy release from predators or parasites, although they are exposed to a wide range of microbial pathogens in both their native and introduced range. Toxic baits have been significantly improved over the last decade, enabling effective landscape-level control. Although investigated extensively, no effective biological control agents have yet been found. Emerging technologies such as gene drives are under consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Lester
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand;
| | - Jacqueline R Beggs
- Centre for Biodiversity and Biosecurity, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1072, New Zealand;
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Life-stage related responses to combined effects of acclimation temperature and humidity on the thermal tolerance of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). J Therm Biol 2019; 79:85-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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78
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Dahirel M, Masier S, Renault D, Bonte D. The distinct phenotypic signatures of dispersal and stress in an arthropod model: from physiology to life history. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.203596. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.203596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dispersing individuals are expected to encounter costs during transfer and in the novel environment, and may also have experienced stress in their natal patch. Given this, a non-random subset of the population should engage in dispersal and show divergent stress-related responses. This includes physiological shifts as expressed in the metabolome, which form a major part of responses to stress. We analyzed how metabolic profiles and life-history traits varied between dispersers and residents of the model two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae, and whether and how these syndromes varied with exposure to a stressful new host plant (tomato). Regardless of the effect of host plant, we found a physiological dispersal syndrome where, relative to residents, dispersers were characterized by lower leaf consumption and a lower concentration of several amino acids, indicating a potential dispersal-foraging trade-off. As a possible consequence of this lower food intake, dispersers also laid smaller eggs. Responses to tomato were consistent with this plant being a stressor for Tetranychus urticae, including reduced fecundity and reduced feeding. Tomato-exposed mites laid larger eggs, which we interpret as a plastic response to food stress, increasing survival to maturity. Contrary to what was expected from the costs of dispersal and from previous meta-population level studies, there was no interaction between dispersal status and host plant for any of the examined traits, meaning stress impacts were equally incurred by residents and dispersers. We thus provide novel insights in the processes shaping dispersal and the feedbacks on ecological dynamics in spatially structured populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Dahirel
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Stefano Masier
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Renault
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Dries Bonte
- Ghent University, Department of Biology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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79
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Searcy C, Gilbert B, Krkošek M, Rowe L, McCauley S. Positive correlation between dispersal and body size in Green Frogs (Rana clamitans) naturally colonizing an experimental landscape. CAN J ZOOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2018-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dispersers are often assumed to have the mean phenotype observed across the entire metapopulation, despite growing evidence of dispersal–phenotype correlations. We examined three dispersal–phenotype correlations in Green Frogs (Rana clamitans Latreille, 1801 = Lithobates clamitans (Latreille, 1801)). Two were in traits that have been previously tied to fitness (body size and body condition), while a third (relative hindlimb length) has been linked to movement performance. We constructed a spatially dispersed array of experimental ponds in close proximity to source ponds known to support Green Frog breeding populations. Over the course of two breeding seasons (four sampling periods), we measured phenotypes of all Green Frogs that had colonized the experimental ponds and a sample of individuals from the source ponds. After only 1 month, a positive correlation was detected between dispersal and body size within the population of dispersers occupying the experimental ponds. After a 2nd month, this positive dispersal – body size correlation was also present when comparing the population of dispersers to the population of nondispersers remaining at the source ponds. Even if generated solely by plasticity, a positive correlation between dispersal and body size (a trait tightly linked to fitness) has the ability to alter metapopulation capacity and thus the probability of regional species persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.A. Searcy
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - B. Gilbert
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - M. Krkošek
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - L. Rowe
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - S.J. McCauley
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
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80
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Mastore M, Quadroni S, Toscano A, Mottadelli N, Brivio MF. Susceptibility to entomopathogens and modulation of basal immunity in two insect models at different temperatures. J Therm Biol 2018; 79:15-23. [PMID: 30612676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we analysed the efficacy of different commercial bio-insecticides (Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema carpocapsae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Bacillus thuringiensis) by valuating the mortality induced on two insect models, Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) and Sarcophaga africa (Diptera) after exposure to different temperatures (10, 20 and 30 °C). Moreover, we investigated the effects of temperature on the basal humoral immunity of the two target insects; particularly, phenoloxidase (PO) and lysozyme activity. Our results show that G. mellonella is susceptible to all bio-insecticides at all the examined temperatures, except when infected at 10 °C with S. carpocapsae and at 30 °C with S. feltiae and B. thuringiensis. S. africa is more susceptible at 30 °C to all bioinsecticides; whereas, when infected at 10 and 20 °C, H. bacteriophora is the most efficient. Temperature modulates PO activity of both G. mellonella and S. africa, otherwise variations in lysozyme activity is observed only in G. mellonella. Except for a possible correlation between the increased lysozyme activity and the delayed Bt efficacy recorded on G. mellonella at 30 °C, a different resistance to bio-insecticides at different temperatures does not seem to be associated to variations of the host basal immunity, probably due to immunoevasive and immunodepressive strategies of these entomopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maristella Mastore
- Lab. of Comparative Immunology and Parasitology, Dept. of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Silvia Quadroni
- Lab. of Ecology, Dept. of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Andrea Toscano
- Lab. of Comparative Immunology and Parasitology, Dept. of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Nicolò Mottadelli
- Lab. of Comparative Immunology and Parasitology, Dept. of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Maurizio F Brivio
- Lab. of Comparative Immunology and Parasitology, Dept. of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
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81
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Enriquez T, Renault D, Charrier M, Colinet H. Cold Acclimation Favors Metabolic Stability in Drosophila suzukii. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1506. [PMID: 30443218 PMCID: PMC6221910 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasive fruit fly pest, Drosophila suzukii, is a chill susceptible species, yet it is capable of overwintering in rather cold climates, such as North America and North Europe, probably thanks to a high cold tolerance plasticity. Little is known about the mechanisms underlying cold tolerance acquisition in D. suzukii. In this study, we compared the effect of different forms of cold acclimation (at juvenile or at adult stage) on subsequent cold tolerance. Combining developmental and adult cold acclimation resulted in a particularly high expression of cold tolerance. As found in other species, we expected that cold-acclimated flies would accumulate cryoprotectants and would be able to maintain metabolic homeostasis following cold stress. We used quantitative target GC-MS profiling to explore metabolic changes in four different phenotypes: control, cold acclimated during development or at adult stage or during both phases. We also performed a time-series GC-MS analysis to monitor metabolic homeostasis status during stress and recovery. The different thermal treatments resulted in highly distinct metabolic phenotypes. Flies submitted to both developmental and adult acclimation were characterized by accumulation of cryoprotectants (carbohydrates and amino acids), although concentrations changes remained of low magnitude. After cold shock, non-acclimated chill-susceptible phenotype displayed a symptomatic loss of metabolic homeostasis, correlated with erratic changes in the amino acids pool. On the other hand, the most cold-tolerant phenotype was able to maintain metabolic homeostasis after cold stress. These results indicate that cold tolerance acquisition of D. suzukii depends on physiological strategies similar to other drosophilids: moderate changes in cryoprotective substances and metabolic robustness. In addition, the results add to the body of evidence supporting that mechanisms underlying the different forms of acclimation are distinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Enriquez
- ECOBIO - UMR 6553, Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, Rennes, France
| | - David Renault
- ECOBIO - UMR 6553, Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, Rennes, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | | | - Hervé Colinet
- ECOBIO - UMR 6553, Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, Rennes, France
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82
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Bullock JM, Bonte D, Pufal G, da Silva Carvalho C, Chapman DS, García C, García D, Matthysen E, Delgado MM. Human-Mediated Dispersal and the Rewiring of Spatial Networks. Trends Ecol Evol 2018; 33:958-970. [PMID: 30314915 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Humans fundamentally affect dispersal, directly by transporting individuals and indirectly by altering landscapes and natural vectors. This human-mediated dispersal (HMD) modifies long-distance dispersal, changes dispersal paths, and overall benefits certain species or genotypes while disadvantaging others. HMD is leading to radical changes in the structure and functioning of spatial networks, which are likely to intensify as human activities increase in scope and extent. Here, we provide an overview to guide research into HMD and the resulting rewiring of spatial networks, making predictions about the ecological and evolutionary consequences and how these vary according to spatial scale and the traits of species. Future research should consider HMD holistically, assessing the range of direct and indirect processes to understand the complex impacts on eco-evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dries Bonte
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gesine Pufal
- Department of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Cristina García
- Centre for Research on Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Integrative Biology, Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniel García
- Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems and Biodiversity Research Unit, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Erik Matthysen
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria Mar Delgado
- Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems and Biodiversity Research Unit, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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83
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Messina FJ, Lish AM, Gompert Z. Variable Responses to Novel Hosts by Populations of the Seed Beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 47:1194-1202. [PMID: 30052864 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvy108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cosmopolitan pests can consist of geographic populations that differ in their current host ranges or in their ability to colonize a novel host. We compared the responses of cowpea-adapted, seed-beetle populations (Callosobruchus maculatus [F.] (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)) from Africa, North America, and South America to four novel legumes: chickpea, lentil, mung bean, and pea. We also qualitatively compared these results to those obtained earlier for an Asian population. For each host, we measured larval survival to adult emergence and used both no-choice and choice tests to estimate host acceptance. The pattern of larval survival was similar among populations: high or moderately high survival on cowpea, mung bean, and chickpea, intermediate survival on pea, and very low survival on lentil. One exception was unusually high survival of African larvae on pea, and there was modest variation among populations for survival on lentil. The African population was also an outlier with respect to host acceptance; under no-choice conditions, African females showed a much greater propensity to accept the two least preferred hosts, chickpea and lentil. However, greater acceptance of these hosts by African females was not evident in choice tests. Inferences about population differences in host acceptance can thus strongly depend on experimental protocol. Future selection experiments can be used to determine whether the observed population differences in initial performance will affect the probability of producing self-sustaining populations on a marginal crop host.
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84
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Bonte D, Masier S, Mortier F. Eco-evolutionary feedbacks following changes in spatial connectedness. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 29:64-70. [PMID: 30551827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Humans are drastically changing the spatial configuration of habitats. The associated changes in habitat connectedness impose strong selection on dispersal, and dispersal related traits. Evolutionary responses do, however, strongly feedback on the metapopulation dynamics, by further constraining or improving connectivity and impacting local population and food web dynamics. Because these spatial eco-evolutionary interactions occur at contemporary time scales, unique evidence on its importance is especially emerging in the field of entomology as many insects have short generation times and a huge reproductive potential. We review the ecological feedbacks originating from the evolution of dispersal rate, dispersal syndromes and genetic diversity on metapopulation dynamics and range expansions. We thus close the eco-evolutionary loop for insect and arachnid spatial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Bonte
- Ghent University, Dept. of Biology, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Stefano Masier
- Ghent University, Dept. of Biology, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederik Mortier
- Ghent University, Dept. of Biology, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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85
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Machekano H, Mutamiswa R, Nyamukondiwa C. Evidence of rapid spread and establishment of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in semi-arid Botswana. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40066-018-0201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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86
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Asplen MK. Dispersal strategies in terrestrial insects. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 27:16-20. [PMID: 30025629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial insects frequently disperse and/or migrate, either through their own self-directed actions or via other vehicles. Here, the following recent advances in the study of insect dispersal are highlighted: (1) components of classic hypotheses (marginal value theorem and inbreeding avoidance via sex-specific dispersal) have found varying degrees of recent support; (2) modern genetic tools have uncovered several candidate dispersal genes; (3) dispersal syndromes vary in their genetic and/or physiological constraints; and (4) common laboratory techniques may not accurately reflect dispersal in the field. A common theme is the tendency for breakthroughs to be concentrated in species with extremely well-defined dispersal phenotypes (e.g., long-distance migrants, wing polymorphic insects), suggesting the need for increased focus on species exhibiting less self-directed modes of dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Asplen
- Natural Sciences Department, Metropolitan State University, 700 East Seventh Street, Saint Paul, MN 55106-5000, USA.
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