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Liu HM, Huang Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Cong X, Wu LL, Xiang RL. MicroRNA-mRNA expression profiles and functional network of submandibular gland in type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 120:104947. [PMID: 33113460 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyposalivation is a common symptom of diabetes. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, the specific effects of miRNAs on diabetic salivary glands are not clear. DESIGN We used high-throughput technologies to screen differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and mRNAs in submandibular gland (SMG) tissues from db/db mice and db/m mice. DE miRNAs and mRNAs were confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Twenty-eight DE miRNAs and 1146 DE mRNAs were identified between the SMG tissues of db/db mice and db/m mice. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis demonstrated that the DE miRNAs were highly associated with terms related to diverse biological processes and signalling pathways. Of the related pathways, the tight junction pathway, autophagy pathway and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway were notable. AKT serine/threonine kinase 3 (AKT3) and phosphoinositide-3 kinase catalytic subunit delta (PIK3CD) may also play important roles in the development of diabetes-mediated hyposalivation. CONCLUSIONS Our research described the miRNA-mRNA expression profiles and miRNA-mRNA network in the SMG tissues of db/db mice. These results provide possible molecular mechanisms of diabetes-induced hyposalivation and information for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Zhao Y, Ma S, Hu X, Feng M, Xiang R, Li M, Liu C, Lu T, Huang A, Chen J, Wu M, Lu H. JAB1 promotes palmitate-induced insulin resistance via ERK pathway in hepatocytes. J Physiol Biochem 2020; 76:655-662. [PMID: 33051821 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-020-00770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is the primary pathological mechanism underlying Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Many researches have reported the relationship between chronic inflammation and IR, while the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway is rapidly activated in inflammatory conditions. However, the functional role of ERK1/2 in IR remains to be identified. We here reported that C-Jun activation domain-binding protein-1 (JAB1) was upregulated in IR. In addition, we showed that depletion of JAB1 led to recovery of insulin sensitivity. Given the fact that JAB1 played as an activator of ERK1/2, we assumed JAB1 was involved in IR through ERK pathway. So we assessed the effects of JAB1 knockdown in palmitate acid (PA) treated HepG2 cells. Importantly, JAB1 siRNA blocked the effect of PA-induced activation of ERK1/2. Furthermore, silencing of JAB1 could reduce the release of inflammatory factors, facilitate hepatic glucose uptake and improve lipid metabolism. All these data implicated that JAB1 knockdown might alleviate PA-induced IR through ERK pathway in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhao
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxian Ma
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingna Hu
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Feng
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiang
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxiao Liu
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Lu
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijie Huang
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Mian Wu
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghong Lu
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, People's Republic of China.
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Wingard MC, Frasier CR, Singh M, Singh K. Heart failure and diabetes: role of ATM. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 54:27-35. [PMID: 32745970 PMCID: PMC7769978 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of death in the United States. Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus (DM), exponentially increases the risk of heart failure. The increase in oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction caused by DM can lead to DNA damage and the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) is a DNA damage response protein with a primary nuclear function to regulate cell cycle progression in response to double-strand DNA breaks, acts as a redox sensor, and facilitates DNA repair. ATM deficiency associates with the development of insulin resistance and DM. Consequently, patients with Ataxia telangiectasia, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, have an increased risk of developing heart failure. The main objective of this review is to summarize the shared metabolic and cardiac abnormalities associated with DM and ATM deficiency, with a focus on the development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Wingard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Chad R Frasier
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Mahipal Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Krishna Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; James H Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Mountain Home, TN 37684, USA.
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Chen G, Fan XY, Zheng XP, Jin YL, Liu Y, Liu SC. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate insulin resistance via PTEN-mediated crosstalk between the PI3K/Akt and Erk/MAPKs signaling pathways in the skeletal muscles of db/db mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:401. [PMID: 32938466 PMCID: PMC7493876 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01865-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, 1 in 11 adults have diabetes mellitus, and 90% of the cases are type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance is a central defect in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and although multiple drugs have been developed to ameliorate insulin resistance, the limitations and accompanying side effects cannot be ignored. Thus, more effective methods are required to improve insulin resistance. Methods In the current study, db/m and db/db mice were injected with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) via tail vein injection, intraperitoneal injection, and skeletal muscle injection. Body weight, fasting blood glucose, and the survival rates were monitored. Furthermore, the anti-insulin resistance effects and potential mechanisms of transplanted HUC-MSCs were investigated in db/db mice in vivo. Results The results showed that HUC-MSC transplantation by skeletal muscle injection was safer compared with tail vein injection and intraperitoneal injection, and the survival rate reached 100% in the skeletal muscle injection transplanted mice. HUC-MSCs can stabilize localization and differentiation in skeletal muscle tissue and significantly ameliorate insulin resistance. Potential regulatory mechanisms are associated with downregulation of inflammation, regulating the balance between PI3K/Akt and ERK/MAPK signaling pathway via PTEN, but was not associated with the IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling pathway. Conclusions These results suggest HUC-MSC transplantation may be a novel therapeutic direction to prevent insulin resistance and increase insulin sensitivity, and skeletal muscle injection was the safest and most effective way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University, No 148 Xuefu road, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Fan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zheng
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Yue-Lei Jin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou University, No 1139 Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Jilin Tuhua Bioengineering Company Limited, Shiling Town, Tiedong District, Siping, Jilin, 136000, China
| | - Shuang-Chun Liu
- Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou University, No 381, Zhongshan east road, Jiaojiang district, Taizhou, 318000, China.
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Tian X, Zhang Y, Li H, Li Y, Wang N, Zhang W, Ma B. Palmatine ameliorates high fat diet induced impaired glucose tolerance. Biol Res 2020; 53:39. [PMID: 32928312 PMCID: PMC7491132 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a representative prediabetes characterized by defective glucose homeostasis, and palmatine (PAL) is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid with multiple pharmacological effects. Our study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of PAL on the impaired glucose tolerance. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish an IGT model with high fat diet (HFD). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and further biochemical analysis were conducted to determine the effect of PAL on glucose intolerance in vivo. Molecular details were clarified in a cellular model of IGT induced by Palmitate (PA) on INS-1 cells. RESULTS Our study demonstrated a relief of IGT with improved insulin resistance in HFD induced rats after PAL treatment. Besides, promoted pancreas islets function was validated with significantly increased β cell mass after the treatment of PAL. We further found out that PAL could alleviate the β cell apoptosis that accounts for β cell mass loss in IGT model. Moreover, MAPK signaling was investigated in vivo and vitro with the discovery that PAL regulated the MAPK signaling by restricting the ERK and JNK cascades. The insulin secretion assay indicated that PAL significantly promoted the defective insulin secretion in PA-induced INS-1 cells via JNK rather than ERK signaling. Furthermore, PAL treatment was determined to significantly suppress β cell apoptosis in PA-induced cells. We thus thought that PAL promoted the PA-induced impaired insulin release by inhibiting the β cell apoptosis and JNK signaling in vitro. CONCLUSION In summary, PAL ameliorates HFD-induced IGT with novel mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Tian
- Teaching and Research Department of Theories of Schools of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Experimental and Training Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Febrile Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Department of Febrile Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Febrile Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicinal Formulae, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyan Ma
- Department of Febrile Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People's Republic of China.
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Wang X, Chi X, Feng C, Zhang X, Jin Z. Sex hormone-binding globulin regulates the activity of the ERK pathway in the placentas of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 532:613-619. [PMID: 32900481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.08.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is involved in the onset and progression of insulin resistance and metabolic syndromes, with its expression downregulated in the placental tissues of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the underlying mechanisms for these effects remain unclear. In this study, we enrolled an equal number (30) of GDM and non-GDM puerperae who underwent cesarean section at Shengjing Hospital. After due approval by the ethics committee, the expression levels of SHBG and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway markers in the placental tissues of these individuals were measured via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assays. The correlation analysis of these genes revealed that the expression of SHBG in placental tissues was downregulated and negatively correlated with the expression of ERK pathway markers, which were upregulated in placental tissues. Further investigations using the HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cell line revealed that the trophoblasts with small interfering RNA (siRNA)-silenced SHBG expression displayed increased mRNA and protein expression levels of ERK pathway markers, as well as reduced apoptosis and enhanced proliferation. In contrast, trophoblasts with high SHBG expression showed a downregulated expression of ERK pathway markers, increased apoptosis, reduced proliferation, and a shorter S phase. Therefore, we believe that SHBG may participate in the onset of insulin resistance and GDM by regulating the activity of the ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinshu Chi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chong Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Tang Y, Yin H, Wang W, Zhang X, Chu N, Li S, Yan C, Fu Q, Yao K. Enhancement of lens extraction-induced MCP-1 upregulation and microglia response in long-term diabetes via c-jun, stat1 and ERK. Life Sci 2020; 261:118360. [PMID: 32861799 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Diabetic patients are reported to have a higher incidence of cataract surgery-induced retinal complications, possibly due to retinal inflammation. Our goal is to identify the key inflammatory cytokines, cells and regulatory pathways involved. MAIN METHODS Diabetes mellitus (DM) induced by streptozotocin and control mice received extracapsular lens extraction (ECLE) in one eye. Neuroretinas were collected at postoperative day1(P1), day2(P2), and day7(P7). BV2 cells were harvested under the treatment of high glucose, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inhibitors. The method of qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to identify the expression of cytokines and signaling pathways. KEY FINDINGS ECLE induced increased inflammation in the neuroretina of surgery eye with a peak at P1. MCP-1 surge in long-term diabetes mellitus (LDM) mice at P1 is higher than short-term diabetes mellitus (SDM) mice and normal mice. Significant activation of c-jun and c-fos were found in LDM compared to normal and SDM. Advanced activation of stat1 and ERK was found at P1 in LDM instead of at P2 in SDM and Normal. Activation of microglia/macrophage was also detected in the LDM mice. Besides the inhibition of c-jun/JNK, MCP-1 expression can be attenuated by inhibiting stat1 and ERK under high glucose condition after LPS stimulation. SIGNIFICANCE Enhancement of lens extraction-induced MCP-1 upregulation and microglia response in long-term diabetes might be due to the activation of cjun, stat1 and ERK, which provided potential therapeutic targets to attenuate retinal inflammation after surgery in diabetic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Tang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Houfa Yin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Naibin Chu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Su Li
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Chenxi Yan
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qiuli Fu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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Martí-Pàmies Í, Thoonen R, Seale P, Vite A, Caplan A, Tamez J, Graves L, Han W, Buys ES, Bloch DB, Scherrer-Crosbie M. Deficiency of bone morphogenetic protein-3b induces metabolic syndrome and increases adipogenesis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E363-E375. [PMID: 32603262 PMCID: PMC7473912 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00362.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor signaling is critical for the regulation of the endocrine system and cardiovascular structure and function. The objective of this study was to investigate whether Bmp3b, a glycoprotein synthetized and secreted by adipose tissue, is necessary to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, adipogenesis, and cardiovascular remodeling. Over the course of 4 mo, Bmp3b-knockout (Bmp3b-/-) mice gained more weight than wild-type (WT) mice. The plasma levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in Bmp3b-/- mice than in WT mice. Bmp3b-/- mice developed insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. The basal heart rate was higher in Bmp3b-/- mice than in WT mice, and echocardiography revealed eccentric remodeling in Bmp3b-/- mice. The expression of adipogenesis-related genes in white adipose tissue was higher in Bmp3b-/- mice than in WT control mice. In vitro studies showed that Bmp3b modulates the activity of the C/ebpα promoter, an effect mediated by Smad2/3. The results of this study suggest that Bmp3b is necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis in terms of age-related weight gain, glucose metabolism, and left ventricular (LV) remodeling and function. Interventions that increase the level or function of BMP3b may decrease cardiovascular risk and pathological cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Íngrid Martí-Pàmies
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robrecht Thoonen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick Seale
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexia Vite
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alex Caplan
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jesus Tamez
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren Graves
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Wei Han
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emmanuel S Buys
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald B Bloch
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- The Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Gao P, Hu Y, Wang J, Ni Y, Zhu Z, Wang H, Yang J, Huang L, Fang L. Underlying Mechanism of Insulin Resistance: A Bioinformatics Analysis Based on Validated Related-Genes from Public Disease Databases. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e924334. [PMID: 32651353 PMCID: PMC7370576 DOI: 10.12659/msm.924334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The underlying mechanism of insulin resistance is complex; bioinformatics analysis is used to explore the mechanism based differential expression genes (DEGs) obtained from omics analysis. However, the expression and role of most DEGs involved in bioinformatics analysis are invalidated. This study aimed to disclose the mechanism of insulin resistance via bioinformatics analysis based on validated insulin resistance-related genes (IRRGs) collected from public disease-gene databases. Material/Methods IRRGs were collected from 4 disease databases including NCBI-Gene, CTD, RGD, and Phenopedia. GO and KEGG analysis of IRRGs were performed by DAVID. Then, the STRING database was employed to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of IRRGs. The module analysis and hub genes identification were carried out by MCODE and cytoHubba plugin of Cytoscape based on the primary PPI network, respectively. Results A total of 1195 IRRGs were identified. Response to drug, hypoxia, insulin, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, cell proliferation, inflammatory response, negative regulation of apoptotic process, glucose homeostasis, cellular response to insulin stimulus, and aging were proposed as the crucial functions related to insulin resistance. Ten insulin resistance-related pathways included the pathways of insulin resistance, pathways in cancer, adipocytokine, prostate cancer, PI3K-Akt, insulin, AMPK, HIF-1, prolactin, and pancreatic cancer signaling pathway were revealed. INS, AKT1, IL-6, TP53, TNF, VEGFA, MAPK3, EGFR, EGF, and SRC were identified as the top 10 hub genes. Conclusions The current study presented a landscape view of possible underlying mechanism of insulin resistance by bioinformatics analysis based on validated IRRGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Junyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yinghua Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Zhengyi Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jufei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Lingfei Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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Russell JS, Griffith TA, Peart JN, Headrick JP. Cardiomyoblast caveolin expression: effects of simulated diabetes, α-linolenic acid, and cell signaling pathways. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C11-C20. [PMID: 32348174 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00499.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Caveolins regulate myocardial substrate handling, survival signaling, and stress resistance; however, control of expression is incompletely defined. We test how metabolic features of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and modulation of cell signaling, influence caveolins in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Cells were exposed to glucose (25 vs. 5 mM), insulin (100 nM), or palmitate (0.1 mM), individually or combined, and the effects of adenylate cyclase (AC) activation (50 μM forskolin), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) or protein kinase C β2 (PKCβ2) inhibition (1 μM FAK inhibitor 14 or CGP-53353, respectively) or the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) α-linolenic acid (ALA; 10 μM) were tested. Simulated T2D (elevated glucose + insulin + palmitate) depressed caveolin-1 and -3 without modifying caveolin-2. Caveolin-3 repression was primarily palmitate dependent, whereas high glucose (HG) and insulin independently increased caveolin-3 (while reducing expression when combined). Differential control was evident: baseline caveolin-3 was suppressed by FAK/PKCβ2 and insensitive to AC activities, with baseline caveolin-1 and -2 suppressed by AC and insensitive to FAK/PKCβ2. Forskolin and ALA selectively preserved caveolin-3 in T2D cells, whereas PKCβ2 and FAK inhibition increased caveolin-3 under all conditions. Despite preservation of caveolin-3, ALA did not modify nucleosome content (apoptosis marker) or transcription of proinflammatory mediators in T2D cells. In summary, caveolin-1 and -3 are strongly repressed with simulated T2D, with caveolin-3 particularly sensitive to palmitate; intrinsic PKCβ2 and FAK activities depress caveolin-3 in healthy and stressed cells; ALA and AC activation and PKCβ2 inhibition preserve caveolin-3 under T2D conditions; and caveolin-3 changes with T2D and ALA appear unrelated to inflammatory signaling or extent of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake S Russell
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tia A Griffith
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason N Peart
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - John P Headrick
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
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Guo J, Chen J, Ren W, Zhu Y, Zhao Q, Zhang K, Su D, Qiu C, Zhang W, Li K. Citrus flavone tangeretin is a potential insulin sensitizer targeting hepatocytes through suppressing MEK-ERK1/2 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:277-282. [PMID: 32703423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tangeretin, a flavonoid derived from citrus peel, showed anti-diabetic effects. However, the role of tangeretin on liver, the organ that act as target of insulin and play the central role in maintaining the blood glucose level control, is still largely unknown. The current study was designed to assess the effect of tangeretin on liver insulin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Primary hepatocytes and mice were treated with different dose of tangeretin, parameters of insulin sensitivity, such as blood glucose levels, serum insulin levels, glucose tolerate test (GTT), insulin tolerate test (ITT), insulin stimulated IR-AKT pathway were analyzed. RESULTS Primary hepatocytes treated with 10/20 μM tangeretin showed up-regulated insulin signaling pathway as well as the glycogen content, while the glucose output were reduced. Intragastric administration of tangeretin (25/50 mg/kg) also ameliorated the liver insulin sensitivity and improved the glucose homeostasis, both in wild type C57 mice and in db/db mice, a diabetic model. Tangeretin treatment dose-dependently suppressed the MEK-ERK1/2 pathway, while forced activation of p-ERK1/2 reversed the insulin sensitized effect of tangeretin. CONCLUSION These results indicated that tangeretin enhanced the liver insulin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo, through suppressing the MEK-ERK1/2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences & Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yikun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Kaini Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Dongming Su
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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ERK2 Phosphorylates PFAS to Mediate Posttranslational Control of De Novo Purine Synthesis. Mol Cell 2020; 78:1178-1191.e6. [PMID: 32485148 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The RAS-ERK/MAPK (RAS-extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway integrates growth-promoting signals to stimulate cell growth and proliferation, at least in part, through alterations in metabolic gene expression. However, examples of direct and rapid regulation of the metabolic pathways by the RAS-ERK pathway remain elusive. We find that physiological and oncogenic ERK signaling activation leads to acute metabolic flux stimulation through the de novo purine synthesis pathway, thereby increasing building block availability for RNA and DNA synthesis, which is required for cell growth and proliferation. We demonstrate that ERK2, but not ERK1, phosphorylates the purine synthesis enzyme PFAS (phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase) at T619 in cells to stimulate de novo purine synthesis. The expression of nonphosphorylatable PFAS (T619A) decreases purine synthesis, RAS-dependent cancer cell-colony formation, and tumor growth. Thus, ERK2-mediated PFAS phosphorylation facilitates the increase in nucleic acid synthesis required for anabolic cell growth and proliferation.
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Hall C, Yu H, Choi E. Insulin receptor endocytosis in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:911-920. [PMID: 32576931 PMCID: PMC7338473 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin signaling controls cell growth and metabolic homeostasis. Dysregulation of this pathway causes metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Insulin signaling pathways have been extensively studied. Upon insulin binding, the insulin receptor (IR) triggers downstream signaling cascades. The active IR is then internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Despite decades of studies, the mechanism and regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis of IR remain incompletely understood. Recent studies have revealed feedback regulation of IR endocytosis through Src homology phosphatase 2 (SHP2) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Here we review the molecular mechanism of IR endocytosis and its impact on the pathophysiology of insulin resistance, and discuss the potential of SHP2 as a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hall
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Hongtao Yu
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Eunhee Choi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Yu H, Rimbert A, Palmer AE, Toyohara T, Xia Y, Xia F, Ferreira LMR, Chen Z, Chen T, Loaiza N, Horwitz NB, Kacergis MC, Zhao L, Soukas AA, Kuivenhoven JA, Kathiresan S, Cowan CA. GPR146 Deficiency Protects against Hypercholesterolemia and Atherosclerosis. Cell 2020; 179:1276-1288.e14. [PMID: 31778654 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although human genetic studies have implicated many susceptible genes associated with plasma lipid levels, their physiological and molecular functions are not fully characterized. Here we demonstrate that orphan G protein-coupled receptor 146 (GPR146) promotes activity of hepatic sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) through activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, thereby regulating hepatic very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion, and subsequently circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) levels. Remarkably, GPR146 deficiency reduces plasma cholesterol levels substantially in both wild-type and LDL receptor (LDLR)-deficient mice. Finally, aortic atherosclerotic lesions are reduced by 90% and 70%, respectively, in male and female LDLR-deficient mice upon GPR146 depletion. Taken together, these findings outline a regulatory role for the GPR146/ERK axis in systemic cholesterol metabolism and suggest that GPR146 inhibition could be an effective strategy to reduce plasma cholesterol levels and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Antoine Rimbert
- Department of Pediatrics, Section Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute of Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, 44007, France
| | - Alice E Palmer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Takafumi Toyohara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yulei Xia
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Fang Xia
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Leonardo M R Ferreira
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Zhifen Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Natalia Loaiza
- Department of Pediatrics, Section Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michael C Kacergis
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Alexander A Soukas
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Pediatrics, Section Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative of the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chad A Cowan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Keyes J, Ganesan A, Molinar-Inglis O, Hamidzadeh A, Zhang J, Ling M, Trejo J, Levchenko A, Zhang J. Signaling diversity enabled by Rap1-regulated plasma membrane ERK with distinct temporal dynamics. eLife 2020; 9:57410. [PMID: 32452765 PMCID: PMC7289600 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of different signals induce specific responses through a common, extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent cascade. It has been suggested that signaling specificity can be achieved through precise temporal regulation of ERK activity. Given the wide distrubtion of ERK susbtrates across different subcellular compartments, it is important to understand how ERK activity is temporally regulated at specific subcellular locations. To address this question, we have expanded the toolbox of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based ERK biosensors by creating a series of improved biosensors targeted to various subcellular regions via sequence specific motifs to measure spatiotemporal changes in ERK activity. Using these sensors, we showed that EGF induces sustained ERK activity near the plasma membrane in sharp contrast to the transient activity observed in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Furthermore, EGF-induced plasma membrane ERK activity involves Rap1, a noncanonical activator, and controls cell morphology and EGF-induced membrane protrusion dynamics. Our work strongly supports that spatial and temporal regulation of ERK activity is integrated to control signaling specificity from a single extracellular signal to multiple cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Keyes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ambhighainath Ganesan
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Olivia Molinar-Inglis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Archer Hamidzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Jinfan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Megan Ling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - JoAnn Trejo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Andre Levchenko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, United States
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States
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Kim HJ, Kim D, Yoon H, Choi CS, Oh YS, Jun HS. Prevention of Oxidative Stress-Induced Pancreatic Beta Cell Damage by Broussonetia Kazinoki Siebold Fruit Extract Via the ERK-Nox4 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050406. [PMID: 32397640 PMCID: PMC7278704 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cells are vulnerable to oxidative stress, which causes beta cell death and dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold (BK) is a widely used herbal medicine, but its potential effects against beta cell death-induced diabetes have not been studied. Therefore, we investigated the protective effect of an ethanolic extract of BK fruit (BKFE) against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced toxicity in pancreatic beta cells. Intraperitoneal injection of STZ in mice induced hyperglycemia; however, oral administration of BKFE significantly decreased the blood glucose level as well as HbA1c levels. BKFE treatment improved glucose tolerance and increased body weight in diabetic mice. Moreover, BKFE treatment resulted in increased serum insulin levels and insulin expression in the pancreas as well as decreased 4-hydroxynonenal levels induced by oxidative stress. Treatment with STZ decreased cell viability of mouse insulinoma cells (MIN6), which was blocked by BKFE pretreatment. BKFE significantly inhibited apoptotic cells and decreased the expression levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) induced by STZ treatment. Production of reactive oxygen species in STZ-treated MIN6 cells was also significantly decreased by treatment with BKFE. Erk phosphorylation and Nox4 levels increased in STZ-treated MIN6 cells and the pancreas of mice injected with STZ and this increase was inhibited by treatment with BKFE. Inhibition of Erk phosphorylation by treatment with the PD98059 inhibitor or siRNA Erk also blocked the expression of Nox4 induced by STZ treatment. In conclusion, BKFE inhibits Erk phosphorylation, which in turn prevents STZ-induced oxidative stress and beta cell apoptosis. These results suggested that BKFE can be used to prevent or treat beta cell damage in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea;
| | - Donghee Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (D.K.); (H.Y.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Haelim Yoon
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (D.K.); (H.Y.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Cheol Soo Choi
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (D.K.); (H.Y.); (C.S.C.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.S.O.); (H.-S.J.); Tel.: +82-31-740-7287 (Y.S.O.); +82-32-899-6056 (H.-S.J.)
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea;
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea; (D.K.); (H.Y.); (C.S.C.)
- Gachon Medical and Convergence Institute, Gachon Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.S.O.); (H.-S.J.); Tel.: +82-31-740-7287 (Y.S.O.); +82-32-899-6056 (H.-S.J.)
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Functional Interactomes of Genes Showing Association with Type-2 Diabetes and Its Intermediate Phenotypic Traits Point towards Adipo-Centric Mechanisms in Its Pathophysiology. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040601. [PMID: 32294959 PMCID: PMC7226597 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic mechanisms causing type 2 diabetes (T2D) are still poorly understood; a greater awareness of its causation can lead to the development of newer and better antidiabetic drugs. In this study, we used a network-based approach to assess the cellular processes associated with protein–protein interaction subnetworks of glycemic traits—HOMA-β and HOMA-IR. Their subnetworks were further analyzed in terms of their overlap with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pancreatic, muscle, and adipose tissue in diabetics. We found several DEGs in these tissues showing an overlap with the HOMA-β subnetwork, suggesting a role of these tissues in β-cell failure. Many genes in the HOMA-IR subnetwork too showed an overlap with the HOMA-β subnetwork. For understanding the functional theme of these subnetworks, a pathway-to-pathway complementary network analysis was done, which identified various adipose biology-related pathways, containing genes involved in both insulin secretion and action. In conclusion, network analysis of genes showing an association between T2D and its intermediate phenotypic traits suggests their potential role in beta cell failure. These genes enriched the adipo-centric pathways and were expressed in both pancreatic and adipose tissue and, therefore, might be one of the potential targets for future antidiabetic treatment.
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Huang B, Zhao H, Huang C, Wu L, Xiang L, Chen J, Wang B, Xiao T, Li M, Ren L, Niu J, Zhang JV. CMKLR1 deficiency attenuates androgen-induced lipid accumulation in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E371-E380. [PMID: 31910029 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00176.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Excess androgen-induced obesity has become a public health problem, and its prevalence has increased substantially in recent years. Chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1), a receptor of chemerin secreted by adipose tissue, is linked to adipocyte differentiation, adipose tissue development, and obesity. However, the effect of CMKLR1 signaling on androgen-mediated adiposity in vivo remains unclear. Using CMKLR1-knockout mice, we constructed an androgen-excess female mouse model through 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment and an androgen-deficient male mouse model by orchidectomy (ORX). For mechanism investigation, we used 2-(α-Naphthoyl) ethyltrimethylammonium iodide (α-NETA), an antagonist of CMKLR1, to suppress CMKLR1 in vivo and wortmannin, a PI3K signaling antagonist, to treat brown adipose tissue (BAT) explant cultures in vitro. Furthermore, we used histological examination and quantitative PCR, as well as Western blot analysis, glucose tolerance tests, and biochemical analysis of serum, to describe the phenotypes and the changes in gene expression. We demonstrated that excess androgen in the female mice resulted in larger cells in the white adipose tissue (WAT) and the BAT, whereas androgen deprivation in the male mice induced a reduction in cell size. Both of these adipocyte size effects could be attenuated in the CMKLR1-knockout mice. CMKLR1 deficiency influenced the effect of androgen treatment on adipose tissue by regulating the mRNA expression of the androgen receptor (AR) and adipocyte markers (such as Fabp4 and Cidea). Moreover, suppression of CMKLR1 by α-NETA could also reduce the extent of the adipocyte cell enlargement caused by DHT. Furthermore, we found that DHT could reduce the levels of phosphorylated ERK (pERK) in the BAT, while CMKLR1 inactivation inhibited this effect, which had been induced by DHT, through the PI3K signaling pathway. These findings reveal an antiobesity role of CMKLR1 deficiency in regulating lipid accumulation, highlighting the scientific importance for the further development of small-molecule CMKLR1 antagonists as fundamental research tools and/or as potential drugs for use in the treatment of adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Huang
- Research Center for Reproduction and Health Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huashan Zhao
- Research Center for Reproduction and Health Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Research Center for Reproduction and Health Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Linlin Wu
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Xiang
- Research Center for Reproduction and Health Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Research Center for Reproduction and Health Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baobei Wang
- Research Center for Reproduction and Health Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianxia Xiao
- Research Center for Reproduction and Health Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Research Center for Reproduction and Health Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lirong Ren
- Department of Obstetric, ShenZhen Baoan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianmin Niu
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian V Zhang
- Research Center for Reproduction and Health Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus viral protein kinase phosphorylates extracellular signal-regulated kinase and activates MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:1083-1088. [PMID: 31733836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Open reading frame 36 (ORF36) of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes a serine/threonine-type viral protein kinase (vPK). Previous studies have examined the functions of KSHV vPK; however, its role in the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) has not yet been described to date. Using HEK 293 cell lines, we performed a human phospho-kinase array analysis to screen for MAPK signaling pathways kinases that are activated by KSHV vPK. In addition, we investigated the regulator protein phosphorylation of up/downstream ERK1/2 pathway; nuclear translocation of phosphorylated ERK1/2; and regulation of transcription factor, inflammatory cytokine, and pro-/anti-apoptotic factor by KSHV vPK transfection. Here, we demonstrated that KSHV vPK activates ERK1/2 signaling pathway and plays an important role in the activation of MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Emamgholipour S, Ebrahimi R, Bahiraee A, Niazpour F, Meshkani R. Acetylation and insulin resistance: a focus on metabolic and mitogenic cascades of insulin signaling. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2020:1-19. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1699498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahiraee
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Farshad Niazpour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Paternoster S, Falasca M. The intricate relationship between diabetes, obesity and pancreatic cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1873:188326. [PMID: 31707038 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.188326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading determinants of global cancer mortality, and its incidence is predicted to increase, to become in 2030 the second most common cause of cancer-related death. Obesity and diabetes are recognized risk factors for the development of pancreatic cancer. In the last few decades an epidemic of diabetes and obesity has been spreading worldwide, forewarning an increase in incidence of pancreatic cancer. This review considers the most recent literature, covering the multiple molecular axis linking these three pathologies, aiming to draw a more comprehensive view of pancreatic cancer for a better theragnostic stratification of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvano Paternoster
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Marco Falasca
- Metabolic Signalling Group, School Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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72
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Morris G, Puri BK, Walker AJ, Maes M, Carvalho AF, Bortolasci CC, Walder K, Berk M. Shared pathways for neuroprogression and somatoprogression in neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:862-882. [PMID: 31545987 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Activated immune-inflammatory, oxidative and nitrosative stress (IO&NS) pathways and consequent mitochondrial aberrations are involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders including major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. They offer independent and shared contributions to pathways underpinning medical comorbidities including insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, obesity and cardiovascular disease - herein conceptualized as somatoprogression. This narrative review of human studies aims to summarize relationships between IO&NS pathways, neuroprogression and somatoprogression. Activated IO&NS pathways, implicated in the neuroprogression of psychiatric disorders, affect the pathogenesis of comorbidities including insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, obesity and hypertension, and by inference, metabolic syndrome. These conditions activate IO&NS pathways, exacerbating neuroprogression in psychiatric disorders. The processes whereby proinflammatory cytokines, nitrosative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, NADPH oxidase isoforms, PPARγ inactivation, SIRT1 deficiency and intracellular signalling pathways impact lipid metabolism and storage are considered. Through associations between body mass index, chronic neuroinflammation and FTO expression, activation of IO&NS pathways arising from somatoprogression may contribute to neuroprogression. Early evidence highlights the potential of adjuvants targeting IO&NS pathways for treating somatoprogression and neuroprogression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Basant K Puri
- Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Adam J Walker
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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73
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Malekpour-Dehkordi Z, Mohiti-Ardakani J, Nourbakhsh M, Teimourian S, Naghiaee Y, Hemati M, Jafary F. Gene expression profile evaluation of integrins in 3T3-L1 cells differentiated to adipocyte, insulin resistant and hypertrophied cells. Gene 2019; 710:406-414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ebrahimi R, Bahiraee A, Niazpour F, Emamgholipour S, Meshkani R. The role of microRNAs in the regulation of insulin signaling pathway with respect to metabolic and mitogenic cascades: A review. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19290-19309. [PMID: 31364207 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a shared pathological condition among type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and other metabolic disorders. It is growing significantly all over the world and consequently, a substantial effort is needed for developing the potential novel diagnostics and therapeutics. An insulin signaling pathway is tightly modulated by different mechanisms including the epigenetic modifications. Today, a deal of great attention has been shifted towards the regulatory role of noncoding RNAs on target proteins of the insulin signaling pathway. Noncoding RNAs are a major area of the epigenetics which control gene expression at the posttranscriptional levels and include a large class of microRNAs (miRNAs). With this in view, many studies have implicated the mediatory effects of miRNAs on the downstream metabolic and mitogenic proteins of the insulin signaling pathway. Since providing new biomarkers for the early diagnosis of IR and related metabolic traits are very significant, we intended to review the possible role of miRNAs in the regulation of the insulin signaling pathway, with a primary focus on the downstream target proteins of the metabolic and mitogenic cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahiraee
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Farshad Niazpour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Żelechowska P, Brzezińska-Błaszczyk E, Wiktorska M, Różalska S, Wawrocki S, Kozłowska E, Agier J. Adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin function as mast cell activity modulators. Immunology 2019; 158:3-18. [PMID: 31220342 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of data indicates that adipocytokines, including leptin and adiponectin, are critical components not only of metabolic regulation but also of the immune system, mainly by influencing the activity of cells participating in immunological and inflammatory processes. As mast cells (MCs) are the key players in the course of those mechanisms, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of leptin and adiponectin on some aspects of MC activity. We documented that in vivo differentiated mature tissue MCs from the rat peritoneal cavity express a receptor for leptin (OB-R), as well as receptors for adiponectin (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). We established that leptin, but not adiponectin, stimulates MCs to release of histamine as well as to generation of cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) and chemokine CCL2. We also found that both adipocytokines affect mRNA expression of various cytokines/chemokines. Leptin and adiponectin also activate MCs to produce reactive oxygen species. Moreover, we documented that leptin significantly augments the surface expression of receptors for cysLTs, i.e. CYSLTR1, CYSLTR2, and GPR17 on MCs, while adiponectin increases only GPR17 expression, and decreases CYSLTR2. Finally, we showed that both adipocytokines serve as potent chemoattractants for MCs. In intracellular signaling in MCs activated by leptin Janus-activated kinase 2, phospholipase C, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), and p38 molecules play a part whereas the adiponectin-induced activity of MCs is mediated through PI3K, p38, and ERK1/2 pathways. Our observations that leptin and adiponectin regulate MC activity might indicate that adipocytokines modulate the different processes in which MCs are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Żelechowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Brzezińska-Błaszczyk
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wiktorska
- Department of Molecular Cell Mechanisms, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Różalska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wawrocki
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Kozłowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Justyna Agier
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1 protects mice from high-fat diet-induced obesity by decreasing adipocyte hypertrophy. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 44:466-474. [PMID: 31164723 PMCID: PMC6891142 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Obesity, an emerging global health issue, involves numerous factors; understanding its underlying mechanisms for prevention and therapeutics is urgently needed. Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 1 (Crabp1) knockout (CKO) mice exhibit an obese phenotype under normal diet feedings, which prompted us to propose that Crabp1 could play a role in modulating adipose tissue development/homeostasis. Studies were designed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of Crabp1’s action in reducing obesity. Subjects/methods In animal studies, 6 weeks old male wild type and CKO mice were fed with normal diet (ND) or high fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. Body weight and food intake were regularly monitored. Glucose tolerance test and biological parameters of plasma (glucose and insulin levels) were measured after 10 weeks of ND vs. HFD feedings. Visceral adipose tissues were collected for histological and molecular analyses to determine affected signaling pathways. In cell culture studies, the 3T3L1 adipocyte differentiation model was used to examine and validate relevant signaling pathways. Results CKO mice, compared to WT mice, gained more body weight, exhibited more elevated fasting plasma glucose levels, and developed more severe impaired glucose tolerance under both ND and HFD. Histological examination revealed readily increased adipocyte hypertrophy and adipose tissue inflammation under HFD feedings. In 3T3L1 adipocytes, Crabp1 silencing enhanced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation, accompanied by elevated markers and signaling pathways of lipid accumulation and adipocyte hypertrophy. Conclusions This study identifies Crabp1’s physiological role against the development of obesity. The protective function of CRABP1 is likely attributed to its classically proposed (canonical) activity as a trap for RA, which will reduce RA availability, thereby dampening RA-stimulated ERK1/2 activation and adipocyte hypertrophy. The results suggest Crabp1 as a potentially new therapeutic target in managing obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Lin YC, Chen YC, Hsiao HP, Kuo CH, Chen BH, Chen YT, Wang SL, Tsai ML, Hung CH. The effects of acarbose on chemokine and cytokine production in human monocytic THP-1 cells. Hormones (Athens) 2019; 18:179-187. [PMID: 30827017 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-019-00101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chronic inflammation induced by proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines is postulated to be involved in insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Acarbose, the α-glucosidase inhibitor, is an oral antidiabetic drug for T2DM. Acarbose suppresses inflammatory cytokine production in patients with T2DM, though the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and the exact mechanisms of acarbose in human monocytic THP-1 cells. METHODS THP-1 cells were pretreated with acarbose and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The levels of Th1-related chemokines, including interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), Th2-related chemokine macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Intracellular signaling pathways were explored by Western blot analysis and using a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Acarbose suppressed the levels of IP-10, MCP-1, MDC, and TNF-α and downregulated phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and nuclear factor-kappa B-p65 (NF-κB-p65) in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. Acarbose suppressed LPS-induced acetylation of histones H3 (H3) and H4 in the IP-10 and MCP-1 promoter regions. These findings revealed the suppressive effects of acarbose on IP-10, MCP-1, MDC, and TNF-α production in THP-1 cells via, at least partially, the p38, JNK, ERK, and NF-κB-p65 pathways, as well as through epigenetic regulation via histone H3 and H4 acetylation. CONCLUSION Our study points to the therapeutic anti-inflammatory potential of acarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Chun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, No.482, Shanming Road, Siaogang District, Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hui-Pin Hsiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hung Kuo
- Ta-Kuo Clinic, No.69, Ziqiang 2nd Road, Cianjin District, Kaohsiung City, 144, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, No.68, Jhonghua 3rd Road, Cianjin District, Kaohsiung City, 145, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bai-Hsiun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Ling Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mei-Lan Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, No.482, Shanming Road, Siaogang District, Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shihchuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Ohkura T, Yoshimura T, Fujisawa M, Ohara T, Marutani R, Usami K, Matsukawa A. Spred2 Regulates High Fat Diet-Induced Adipose Tissue Inflammation, and Metabolic Abnormalities in Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:17. [PMID: 30723473 PMCID: PMC6349710 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation in visceral adipose tissues triggers the development of obesity-related insulin resistance, leading to the metabolic syndrome, a serious health condition with higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke. In the present study, we investigated whether Sprouty-related EVH1-domain-containing protein 2 (Spred2), a negative regulator of the Ras/Raf/ERK/MAPK pathway, plays a role in the development of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, adipose tissue inflammation, metabolic abnormalities, and insulin resistance. Spred2 knockout (KO) mice, fed with HFD, exhibited an augmented body weight gain, which was associated with enhanced adipocyte hypertrophy in mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT) and deteriorated dyslipidemia, compared with wild-type (WT) controls. The number of infiltrating macrophages with a M1 phenotype, and the crown-like structures, composed of macrophages surrounding dead or dying adipocytes, were more abundant in Spred2 KO-mWAT compared to in WT-mWAT. Exacerbated adipose tissue inflammation in Spred2 KO mice led to aggravated insulin resistance and fatty liver disease. To analyze the mechanism(s) that caused adipose tissue inflammation, cytokine response in mWAT was investigated. Stromal vascular fraction that contained macrophages from Spred2 KO-mWAT showed elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) compared with those from WT-mWAT. Upon stimulation with palmitate acid (PA), bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) derived from Spred2 KO mice secreted higher levels of TNFα and MCP-1 than those from WT mice with enhanced ERK activation. U0126, a MEK inhibitor, reduced the PA-induced cytokine response. Taken together, these results suggested that Spred2, in macrophages, negatively regulates high fat diet-induced obesity, adipose tissue inflammation, metabolic abnormalities, and insulin resistance by inhibiting the ERK/MAPK pathway. Thus, Spred2 represents a potential therapeutic tool for the prevention of insulin resistance and resultant metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ohkura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Fujisawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohara
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Rie Marutani
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kaya Usami
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Matsukawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Koseoglu MM, Norambuena A, Sharlow ER, Lazo JS, Bloom GS. Aberrant Neuronal Cell Cycle Re-Entry: The Pathological Confluence of Alzheimer's Disease and Brain Insulin Resistance, and Its Relation to Cancer. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 67:1-11. [PMID: 30452418 PMCID: PMC8363205 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant neuronal cell cycle re-entry (CCR) is a phenomenon that precedes and may mechanistically lead to a majority of the neuronal loss observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent developments concerning the regulation of aberrant neuronal CCR in AD suggest that there are potential intracellular signaling "hotspots" in AD, cancer, and brain insulin resistance, the latter of which is characteristically associated with AD. Critically, these common signaling nodes across different human diseases may represent currently untapped therapeutic opportunities for AD. Specifically, repurposing of existing US Food and Drug Administration-approved pharmacological agents, including experimental therapeutics that target the cell cycle in cancer, may be an innovative avenue for future AD-directed drug discovery and development. In this review we discuss overlapping aspects of AD, cancer, and brain insulin resistance from the perspective of neuronal CCR, and consider strategies to exploit them for prevention or therapeutic intervention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrés Norambuena
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Sharlow
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - John S Lazo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - George S Bloom
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Diaz-Franco MC, Franco-Diaz de Leon R, Villafan-Bernal JR. Osteocalcin‑GPRC6A: An update of its clinical and biological multi‑organic interactions (Review). Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:15-22. [PMID: 30431093 PMCID: PMC6297736 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteocalcin is no longer regarded as a molecule exclusive to bone remodeling and osteogenesis, but as a hormone with manifold functions. The discovery of the interaction of osteocalcin with the G protein‑coupled receptor family C group 6‑member A (GPRC6A) receptor has accompanied the characterization of several roles that this peptide serves in body regulation and homeostasis. These roles include the modulation of memory in the brain, fertility in the testis, fat accumulation in the liver, incretins release in the intestine and adaptation to exercise in muscle, in addition to the well‑known effects on β‑cell proliferation, insulin release and adiponectin secretion. The aim of the present review was to provide a practical update of the multi‑organ effects that osteocalcin exerts through its interaction with GPRC6A and the clinical implications of this.
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The Importance of the Right Framework: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway and the Scaffolding Protein PTPIP51. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103282. [PMID: 30360441 PMCID: PMC6213971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein tyrosine phosphatase interacting protein 51 (PTPIP51) regulates and interconnects signaling pathways, such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and an abundance of different others, e.g., Akt signaling, NF-κB signaling, and the communication between different cell organelles. PTPIP51 acts as a scaffold protein for signaling proteins, e.g., Raf-1, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2), as well as for other scaffold proteins, e.g., 14-3-3 proteins. These interactions are governed by the phosphorylation of serine and tyrosine residues of PTPIP51. The phosphorylation status is finely tuned by receptor tyrosine kinases (EGFR, Her2), non-receptor tyrosine kinases (c-Src) and the phosphatase protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). This review addresses various diseases which display at least one alteration in these enzymes regulating PTPIP51-interactions. The objective of this review is to summarize the knowledge of the MAPK-related interactome of PTPIP51 for several tumor entities and metabolic disorders.
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Amosse J, Durcin M, Malloci M, Vergori L, Fleury A, Gagnadoux F, Dubois S, Simard G, Boursier J, Hue O, Martinez MC, Andriantsitohaina R, Le Lay S. Phenotyping of circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) in obesity identifies large EVs as functional conveyors of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor. Mol Metab 2018; 18:134-142. [PMID: 30473096 PMCID: PMC6309717 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Obesity-associated metabolic dysfunctions are linked to dysregulated production of adipokines. Accumulating evidence suggests a role for fat-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in obesity-metabolic disturbances. Since EVs convey numerous proteins we aimed to evaluate their contribution in adipokine secretion. Methods Plasma collected from metabolic syndrome patients were used to isolate EV subtypes, namely microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXOs). Numerous soluble factor concentrations were measured successively on total, MV- and EXO-depleted plasma by multiplexed immunoassays. Results Circulating MVs and EXOs were significantly increased with BMI, supporting a role of EVs as metabolic relays in obesity. Obesity was associated with dysregulated soluble factor production. Sequential depletion of plasma MVs and EXOs did not modify plasma levels of these molecules, with the exception of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF). Half of plasma MIF circulated within MVs, and this MV secretory pathway was conserved over different MIF-producing cells. Although MV-associated MIF triggered rapid ERK1/2 activation in macrophages, these functional MV-MIF effects specifically relied on MIF tautomerase activity. Conclusion Our results emphasize the importance of reconsidering MIF-metabolic actions with regard to its MV-associated form and opening new EV-based strategies for therapeutic MIF approaches. Plasma EV subtypes are significantly increased with obesity. Plasma EV subtypes carry adipokines. MV (large EV subtype) constitute a major secretory pathway for MIF. MV-associated MIF transduces metabolic responses through its tautomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Amosse
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France
| | - Maëva Durcin
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France; Adaptation to Tropical Climate and Exercise Laboratory, EA3596, University of the French West Indies, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Marine Malloci
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France
| | - Luisa Vergori
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France
| | - Audrey Fleury
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France
| | - Frédéric Gagnadoux
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France; Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Séverine Dubois
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France; Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Gilles Simard
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France; Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Jérôme Boursier
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France; HIFIH, EA3859, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Olivier Hue
- Adaptation to Tropical Climate and Exercise Laboratory, EA3596, University of the French West Indies, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - M Carmen Martinez
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France
| | | | - Soazig Le Lay
- INSERM U1063, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies, Angers University, France.
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Zhang X, Qiu K, Wang L, Xu D, Yin J. Integrated Remodeling of Gut-Liver Metabolism Induced by Moderate Protein Restriction Contributes to Improvement of Insulin Sensitivity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800637. [PMID: 30030886 PMCID: PMC6646914 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Protein restriction (PR) is beneficial for relieving metabolic disorders and aging-related diseases. However, extreme PR could result in malnutrition due to severe deficiency of essential amino acids. Therefore, the effect of moderate PR on insulin sensitivity is investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS The growing and adult pigs are subjected to moderate PR by 15-30%. Plasma insulin concentration and insulin resistance index HOMA-IR are significantly decreased upon moderate PR. Furthermore, IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway in the basal state is enhanced in both liver and skeletal muscle. The adapted metabolism in the liver upon moderate PR is in support of improving insulin sensitivity. The liver shares a coordinated metabolic adaption in terms of energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism with the small intestine. Particularly, alteration of the metabolic footprint appeared in the portal venous blood, representing metabolites to be absorbed into liver after intestinal metabolism, is also in favor of improvement of insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSION In summary, the study proves that moderate PR could improve insulin sensitivity from childhood to adulthood in a pig model, and sheds a new light on the role of integrated remodeling of gut and liver metabolism in the improved insulin sensitivity induced by moderate PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Kai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Liqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Doudou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Jingdong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
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Renoprotective effects of dexmedetomidine against ischemia-reperfusion injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198307. [PMID: 30114208 PMCID: PMC6095484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic patients are susceptible to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, which leads to perioperative complications. Activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome participates in the development of diabetes, and contributes to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist, shows renoprotective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury. We aimed to elucidate the effects, underlying mechanisms, and optimal timing of DEX treatment in diabetic rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 12 per group) were randomly divided into normal-sham, diabetes-sham, diabetes-ischemia-reperfusion-control, diabetes-ischemia-reperfusion-DEX-pre-treatment, and diabetes-ischemia-reperfusion-DEX-post-treatment groups. Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced in diabetic rats by occlusion of both renal arteries for 45 min, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. DEX (10 μg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 1 h before ischemia (pre-treatment) or upon reperfusion (post-treatment). After reperfusion, renal tissue was biochemically and histopathologically evaluated. Results DEX treatment attenuated ischemia reperfusion-induced increase in NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, phospho-AKT, and phospho-ERK signaling. Moreover, oxidative stress injury, inflammatory reactions, apoptosis, and renal tubular damage were favorably modulated by DEX treatment. Furthermore, post-reperfusion treatment with DEX was significantly more effective than pre-treatment in modulating NLRP3 inflammasome, AKT and ERK signaling, and oxidative stress. Conclusions This study shows that the protective effects of DEX in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury are preserved in diabetic conditions and may potentially provide a basis for the use of DEX in clinical treatment of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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85
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Jiang WJ, Peng YC, Yang KM. Cellular signaling pathways regulating β-cell proliferation as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of diabetes. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3275-3285. [PMID: 30233674 PMCID: PMC6143874 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is established that a decrease in β-cell number and deficiency in the function of existing β-cells contribute to type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, a major focus of current research is to identify novel methods of improving the number and function of β-cells, so as to prevent and/or postpone the development of diabetes mellitus and potentially reverse diabetes mellitus. Based on prior knowledge of the above-mentioned causes, promising therapeutic approaches may include direct transplantation of islets, implantation and subsequent induced differentiation of progenitors/stem cells to β-cells, replication of pre-existing β-cells, or activation of endogenous β-cell progenitors. More recently, with regards to cell replacement and regenerative treatment for diabetes patients, the identification of cellular signaling pathways with related genes or corresponding proteins involved in diabetes has become a topic of interest. However, the majority of pathways and molecules associated with β-cells remain unresolved, and the specialized functions of known pathways remain unclear, particularly in humans. The current article has evaluated the progress of research on pivotal cellular signaling pathways involved with β-cell proliferation and survival, and their validity for therapeutic adult β-cell regeneration in diabetes. More efforts are required to elucidate the cellular events involved in human β-cell proliferation in terms of the underlying mechanisms and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Jiang
- Institute of Anatomy, Basic Medical College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Chuan Peng
- Institute of Anatomy, Basic Medical College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Ming Yang
- Institute of Anatomy, Basic Medical College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, P.R. China
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86
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Onyango AN. Cellular Stresses and Stress Responses in the Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4321714. [PMID: 30116482 PMCID: PMC6079365 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4321714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR), a key component of the metabolic syndrome, precedes the development of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Its etiological pathways are not well defined, although many contributory mechanisms have been established. This article summarizes such mechanisms into the hypothesis that factors like nutrient overload, physical inactivity, hypoxia, psychological stress, and environmental pollutants induce a network of cellular stresses, stress responses, and stress response dysregulations that jointly inhibit insulin signaling in insulin target cells including endothelial cells, hepatocytes, myocytes, hypothalamic neurons, and adipocytes. The insulin resistance-inducing cellular stresses include oxidative, nitrosative, carbonyl/electrophilic, genotoxic, and endoplasmic reticulum stresses; the stress responses include the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, the DNA damage response, the unfolded protein response, apoptosis, inflammasome activation, and pyroptosis, while the dysregulated responses include the heat shock response, autophagy, and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 signaling. Insulin target cells also produce metabolites that exacerbate cellular stress generation both locally and systemically, partly through recruitment and activation of myeloid cells which sustain a state of chronic inflammation. Thus, insulin resistance may be prevented or attenuated by multiple approaches targeting the different cellular stresses and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold N. Onyango
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
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87
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Vela D, Sopi RB, Mladenov M. Low Hepcidin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Examining the Molecular Links and Their Clinical Implications. Can J Diabetes 2018; 42:179-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Schönke M, Björnholm M, Chibalin AV, Zierath JR, Deshmukh AS. Proteomics Analysis of Skeletal Muscle from Leptin-Deficient ob/ob Mice Reveals Adaptive Remodeling of Metabolic Characteristics and Fiber Type Composition. Proteomics 2018; 18:e1700375. [PMID: 29350465 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance, an early metabolic defect in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), may be a cause or consequence of altered protein expression profiles. Proteomics technology offers enormous promise to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying pathologies, however, the analysis of skeletal muscle is challenging. Using state-of-the-art multienzyme digestion and filter-aided sample preparation (MED-FASP) and a mass spectrometry (MS)-based workflow, we performed a global proteomics analysis of skeletal muscle from leptin-deficient, obese, insulin resistant (ob/ob) and lean mice in mere two fractions in a short time (8 h per sample). We identified more than 6000 proteins with 118 proteins differentially regulated in obesity. This included protein kinases, phosphatases, and secreted and fiber type associated proteins. Enzymes involved in lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle from ob/ob mice were increased, providing evidence against reduced fatty acid oxidation in lipid-induced insulin resistance. Mitochondrial and peroxisomal proteins, as well as components of pyruvate and lactate metabolism, were increased. Finally, the skeletal muscle proteome from ob/ob mice displayed a shift toward the "slow fiber type." This detailed characterization of an obese rodent model of T2D demonstrates an efficient workflow for skeletal muscle proteomics, which may easily be adapted to other complex tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Schönke
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Björnholm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander V Chibalin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Atul S Deshmukh
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Clinical Proteomics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Cherian PT, Al-Khairi I, Sriraman D, Al-Enezi A, Al-Sultan D, AlOtaibi M, Al-Enezi S, Tuomilehto J, Al-Mulla F, Abubaker JA, Abu-Farha M. Increased Circulation and Adipose Tissue Levels of DNAJC27/RBJ in Obesity and Type 2-Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:423. [PMID: 30131766 PMCID: PMC6090877 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock response is an essential cellular stress response. Dysregulation of various heat shock proteins (HSPs), within the heat shock response (HSR) pathway, play a vital role in this host-defense mechanism contributing to obesity-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Previously, we have reported changes in the expression levels of several HSPs such as HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in obese compared with lean individuals. DNAJC27 is a member of the HSP40 protein family that was previously identified as a body mass index (BMI) associated locus in genome-wide association (GWAS) studies. However, not much is known about the changes in DNAJC27 expression levels in obesity and T2D. In the present study, we aimed at understanding changes in DNAJC27 expression levels in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and adipose tissue in association with obesity and T2D. A total of 277 individuals enrolled including 160 non-diabetic (96 non-obese and 64 obese) and 117 T2D (45 non-obese and 72 obese) individuals. Plasma level of DNAJC27 was significantly higher in obese individuals (6.28 ± 0.64 ng/mL) compared with non-obese individuals (4.8 ± 0.45 ng/mL) with P = 0.043. Dividing the population based on diabetes status showed that there was a significant increase in the plasma level of DNAJC27 in obese (6.90 ± 1.3 ng/mL) compared with non-obese individuals (3.81 ± 0.43 ng/mL) (P = 0.033) in the non-diabetic group. Similarly, DNAJC27 expression level was also higher in PBMCs and adipose tissue of obese individuals. DNAJC27 was found to be associated with leptin and resistin, adipokines known to be dysregulated in obesity, that stimulate inflammatory processes leading to metabolic disorders. In conclusion, our data show that DNAJC27 is elevated in obese and T2D individuals and was positively associated with obesity biomarkers such as leptin and resistin suggesting that this protein may play a role in the pathophysiology of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi T. Cherian
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Irina Al-Khairi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Devarajan Sriraman
- National Dasman Diabetes Biobank, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ahmad Al-Enezi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Dalal Al-Sultan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Mohammed AlOtaibi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Saad Al-Enezi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Functional Genomic Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Functional Genomic Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Jehad A. Abubaker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- *Correspondence: Jehad A. Abubaker
| | - Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Mohamed Abu-Farha ;
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Selected Phyto and Marine Bioactive Compounds: Alternatives for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64068-0.00004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Liu L, Zhou M, Lang H, Zhou Y, Mi M. Dihydromyricetin enhances glucose uptake by inhibition of MEK/ERK pathway and consequent down-regulation of phosphorylation of PPARγ in 3T3-L1 cells. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:1247-1256. [PMID: 29160030 PMCID: PMC5783835 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling can reduce phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) at serine 273, which mitigates obesity-associated insulin resistance and might be a promising treatment for type 2 diabetes. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a flavonoid that has many beneficial pharmacological properties. In this study, mouse fibroblast 3T3-L1 cells were used to investigate whether DHM alleviates insulin resistance by inhibiting PPARγ phosphorylation at serine 273 via the MEK/ERK pathway. 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiated, and the effects of DHM on adipogenesis and glucose uptake in the resulting adipocytes were examined. DHM was found to dose dependently increase glucose uptake and decrease adipogenesis. Insulin resistance was then induced in adipocytes using dexamethasone, and DHM was shown to dose and time dependently promote glucose uptake in the dexamethasone-treated adipocytes. DHM also inhibited phosphorylation of PPARγ and ERK. Inhibition of PPARγ activity with GW9662 potently blocked DHM-induced glucose uptake and adiponectin secretion. Interestingly, DHM showed similar effects to PD98059, an inhibitor of the MEK/ERK pathway. DHM acted synergistically with PD98059 to improve glucose uptake and adiponectin secretion in dexamethasone-treated adipocytes. In conclusion, our findings indicate that DHM improves glucose uptake in adipocytes by inhibiting ERK-induced phosphorylation of PPARγ at serine 273.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hedong Lang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Clinic Nutrition, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Mantian Mi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Xie W, Adolf J, Melzig MF. Identification of Viscum album L. miRNAs and prediction of their medicinal values. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187776. [PMID: 29112983 PMCID: PMC5675405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of approximately 22 nucleotides single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules that play crucial roles in gene expression. It has been reported that the plant miRNAs might enter mammalian bloodstream and have a functional role in human metabolism, indicating that miRNAs might be one of the hidden bioactive ingredients in medicinal plants. Viscum album L. (Loranthaceae, European mistletoe) has been widely used for the treatment of cancer and cardiovascular diseases, but its functional compounds have not been well characterized. We considered that miRNAs might be involved in the pharmacological activities of V. album. High-throughput Illumina sequencing was performed to identify the novel and conserved miRNAs of V. album. The putative human targets were predicted. In total, 699 conserved miRNAs and 1373 novel miRNAs have been identified from V. album. Based on the combined use of TargetScan, miRanda, PITA, and RNAhybrid methods, the intersection of 30697 potential human genes have been predicted as putative targets of 29 novel miRNAs, while 14559 putative targets were highly enriched in 33 KEGG pathways. Interestingly, these highly enriched KEGG pathways were associated with some human diseases, especially cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders, which might explain the clinical use as well as folk medicine use of mistletoe. However, further experimental validation is necessary to confirm these human targets of mistletoe miRNAs. Additionally, target genes involved in bioactive components synthesis in V. album were predicted as well. A total of 68 miRNAs were predicted to be involved in terpenoid biosynthesis, while two miRNAs including val-miR152 and miR9738 were predicted to target viscotoxins and lectins, respectively, which increased the knowledge regarding miRNA-based regulation of terpenoid biosynthesis, lectin and viscotoxin expressions in V. album.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Xie
- Institut für Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Jacob Adolf
- Technische Hochschule Wildau, Wildau, Germany
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Botteri G, Montori M, Gumà A, Pizarro J, Cedó L, Escolà-Gil JC, Li D, Barroso E, Palomer X, Kohan AB, Vázquez-Carrera M. VLDL and apolipoprotein CIII induce ER stress and inflammation and attenuate insulin signalling via Toll-like receptor 2 in mouse skeletal muscle cells. Diabetologia 2017; 60:2262-2273. [PMID: 28835988 PMCID: PMC6078195 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM/HYPOTHESIS Here, our aim was to examine whether VLDL and apolipoprotein (apo) CIII induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. METHODS Studies were conducted in mouse C2C12 myotubes, isolated skeletal muscle and skeletal muscle from transgenic mice overexpressing apoCIII. RESULTS C2C12 myotubes exposed to VLDL showed increased levels of ER stress and inflammatory markers whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels were reduced and the insulin signalling pathway was attenuated. The effects of VLDL were also observed in isolated skeletal muscle incubated with VLDL. The changes caused by VLDL were dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 since they were prevented by the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 or by knockdown of this kinase by siRNA transfection. ApoCIII mimicked the effects of VLDL and its effects were also blocked by ERK1/2 inhibition, suggesting that this apolipoprotein was responsible for the effects of VLDL. Skeletal muscle from transgenic mice overexpressing apoCIII showed increased levels of some ER stress and inflammatory markers and increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels, whereas PGC-1α levels were reduced, confirming apoCIII effects in vivo. Finally, incubation of myotubes with a neutralising antibody against Toll-like receptor 2 abolished the effects of apoCIII on ER stress, inflammation and insulin resistance, indicating that the effects of apoCIII were mediated by this receptor. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results imply that elevated VLDL in diabetic states can contribute to the exacerbation of insulin resistance by activating ERK1/2 through Toll-like receptor 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Botteri
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Montori
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Gumà
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and IBUB, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Pizarro
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Cedó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Emma Barroso
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Palomer
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alison B Kohan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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94
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Habibian JS, Jefic M, Bagchi RA, Lane RH, McKnight RA, McKinsey TA, Morrison RF, Ferguson BS. DUSP5 functions as a feedback regulator of TNFα-induced ERK1/2 dephosphorylation and inflammatory gene expression in adipocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12879. [PMID: 29018280 PMCID: PMC5635013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12861-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue inflammation is a central pathological element that regulates obesity-mediated insulin resistance and type II diabetes. Evidence demonstrates that extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK 1/2) activation (i.e. phosphorylation) links tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) to pro-inflammatory gene expression in the nucleus. Dual specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) inactivate ERK 1/2 through dephosphorylation and can thus inhibit inflammatory gene expression. We report that DUSP5, an ERK1/2 phosphatase, was induced in epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) in response to diet-induced obesity. Moreover, DUSP5 mRNA expression increased during obesity development concomitant to increases in TNFα expression. Consistent with in vivo findings, DUSP5 mRNA expression increased in adipocytes in response to TNFα, parallel with ERK1/2 dephosphorylation. Genetic loss of DUSP5 exacerbated TNFα-mediated ERK 1/2 signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in adipose tissue of mice. Furthermore, inhibition of ERK 1/2 and c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) signaling attenuated TNFα-induced DUSP5 expression. These data suggest that DUSP5 functions in the feedback inhibition of ERK1/2 signaling in response to TNFα, which resulted in increased inflammatory gene expression. Thus, DUSP5 potentially acts as an endogenous regulator of adipose tissue inflammation; although its role in obesity-mediated inflammation and insulin signaling remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine S Habibian
- University of Nevada, Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, Reno, Reno, Nevada, 89557, USA
| | - Mitra Jefic
- University of Nevada, Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, Reno, Reno, Nevada, 89557, USA
| | - Rushita A Bagchi
- University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, USA
| | - Robert H Lane
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Pediatrics, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
| | - Robert A McKnight
- University of Utah, Department of Pediatrics, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108, USA
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, USA
| | - Ron F Morrison
- University of North Carolina Greensboro, Department of Nutrition, Greensboro, North Carolina, 27412, USA.
| | - Bradley S Ferguson
- University of Nevada, Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Veterinary Sciences, Reno, Reno, Nevada, 89557, USA.
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95
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Okazaki H, Takeda S, Ishii H, Takemoto Y, Fujita S, Suyama M, Matsumoto K, Shindo M, Aramaki H. A Novel Bongkrekic Acid Analog-Mediated Modulation of the Size of Lipid Droplets: Evidence for the Appearance of Smaller Adipocytes. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:1192-1198. [PMID: 28769000 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activators, and are used in the treatment of diabetes. Although the usefulness of TZDs has been demonstrated, some of their side effects are becoming an obstacle to their clinical applicability; edema is known to be evoked by the "structural characteristics" of TZD, but not by the PPARγ activation. Thus, novel therapeutic modalities (i.e., non-TZD-type PPARγ activators) having different structures to those of TZDs are desired. We previously identified bongkrekic acid (BKA) as a PPARγ activator using the human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line as a model system. In the present study, we newly synthesized BKA analogs and examined the usefulness of BKA and its analogs as PPARγ activators in differentiated adipocyte cells. Among the chemicals investigated, one of the BKA analogs (BKA-#2) strongly stimulated PPARγ and the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells similar to pioglitazone, a positive control. Furthermore, BKA-#2 reduced the size of lipid droplets in the mature adipocyte cells. The possible modulation mechanism by BKA-#2 is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuso Takeda
- Laboratory of Xenobiotic Metabolism and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University (HIU)
| | - Hiroyuki Ishii
- Department of Molecular Biology, Daiichi University of Pharmacy
| | - Yukimi Takemoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Daiichi University of Pharmacy
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Masaki Suyama
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University
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96
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Wang Y, Hai B, Niu X, Ai L, Cao Y, Li R, Li Y. Chronic intermittent hypoxia disturbs insulin secretion and causes pancreatic injury via the MAPK signaling pathway. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 95:415-420. [PMID: 28177762 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder during sleep, with a most prominent character of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), which induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damages multiple tissues and causes metabolic disorders. In this study, we established a rat model of varying OSA with different grades of CIH (12.5% O2, 10% O2, 7.5% O2, and 5% O2) for 12 weeks, and found that CIH stimulated insulin secretion, reduced the insulin:proinsulin ratio in pancreatic tissue, and caused pancreatic tissue lesions and cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, CIH promoted the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, and activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members, extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and P38, depending on the O2 concentration. In summary, CIH disturbed insulin secretion, and caused inflammation, lesions, and cell apoptosis in pancreatic tissue via the MAPK signaling pathway, which may be of great significance for clinical treatment of OSA and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeying Wang
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People's Republic of China.,b Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Hai
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqun Niu
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ai
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cao
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Li
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxia Li
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, People's Republic of China
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97
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Nandipati KC, Subramanian S, Agrawal DK. Protein kinases: mechanisms and downstream targets in inflammation-mediated obesity and insulin resistance. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 426:27-45. [PMID: 27868170 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-induced low-grade inflammation (metaflammation) impairs insulin receptor signaling. This has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance. Insulin signaling in the target tissues is mediated by stress kinases such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, inhibitor of NF-kB kinase complex β (IKKβ), AMP-activated protein kinase, protein kinase C, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase, and RNA-activated protein kinase. Most of these kinases phosphorylate several key regulators in glucose homeostasis. The phosphorylation of serine residues in the insulin receptor and IRS-1 molecule results in diminished enzymatic activity in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. This has been one of the key mechanisms observed in the tissues that are implicated in insulin resistance especially in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM). Identifying the specific protein kinases involved in obesity-induced chronic inflammation may help in developing the targeted drug therapies to minimize the insulin resistance. This review is focused on the protein kinases involved in the inflammatory cascade and molecular mechanisms and their downstream targets with special reference to obesity-induced T2-DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyana C Nandipati
- Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, 601 N. 30th Street, Suite # 3700, Omaha, NE, 68131, USA.
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500, California Plaza, Room # 510, Criss II, Omaha, NE, 68131, USA.
| | - Saravanan Subramanian
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500, California Plaza, Room # 510, Criss II, Omaha, NE, 68131, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, 2500, California Plaza, Room # 510, Criss II, Omaha, NE, 68131, USA
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98
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Kriebel J, Herder C, Rathmann W, Wahl S, Kunze S, Molnos S, Volkova N, Schramm K, Carstensen-Kirberg M, Waldenberger M, Gieger C, Peters A, Illig T, Prokisch H, Roden M, Grallert H. Association between DNA Methylation in Whole Blood and Measures of Glucose Metabolism: KORA F4 Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152314. [PMID: 27019061 PMCID: PMC4809492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation has been postulated to affect glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we performed an epigenome-wide association study for measures of glucose metabolism in whole blood samples of the population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg F4 study using the Illumina HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip. We identified a total of 31 CpG sites where methylation level was associated with measures of glucose metabolism after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, and estimated white blood cell proportions and correction for multiple testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg (B-H) method (four for fasting glucose, seven for fasting insulin, 25 for homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]; B-H-adjusted p-values between 9.2x10(-5) and 0.047). In addition, DNA methylation at cg06500161 (annotated to ABCG1) was associated with all the aforementioned phenotypes and 2-hour glucose (B-H-adjusted p-values between 9.2x10(-5) and 3.0x10(-3)). Methylation status of additional three CpG sites showed an association with fasting insulin only after additional adjustment for body mass index (BMI) (B-H-adjusted p-values = 0.047). Overall, effect strengths were reduced by around 30% after additional adjustment for BMI, suggesting that this variable has an influence on the investigated phenotypes. Furthermore, we found significant associations between methylation status of 21 of the aforementioned CpG sites and 2-hour insulin in a subset of samples with seven significant associations persisting after additional adjustment for BMI. In a subset of 533 participants, methylation of the CpG site cg06500161 (ABCG1) was inversely associated with ABCG1 gene expression (B-H-adjusted p-value = 1.5x10(-9)). Additionally, we observed an enrichment of the top 1,000 CpG sites for diabetes-related canonical pathways using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. In conclusion, our study indicates that DNA methylation and diabetes-related traits are associated and that these associations are partially BMI-dependent. Furthermore, the interaction of ABCG1 with glucose metabolism is modulated by epigenetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kriebel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone Wahl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sonja Kunze
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sophie Molnos
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nadezda Volkova
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schramm
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Maren Carstensen-Kirberg
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
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