51
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Boada-Romero E, Martinez J, Heckmann BL, Green DR. The clearance of dead cells by efferocytosis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:398-414. [PMID: 32251387 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-0232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple modes of cell death have been identified, each with a unique function and each induced in a setting-dependent manner. As billions of cells die during mammalian embryogenesis and daily in adult organisms, clearing dead cells and associated cellular debris is important in physiology. In this Review, we present an overview of the phagocytosis of dead and dying cells, a process known as efferocytosis. Efferocytosis is performed by macrophages and to a lesser extent by other 'professional' phagocytes (such as monocytes and dendritic cells) and 'non-professional' phagocytes, such as epithelial cells. Recent discoveries have shed light on this process and how it functions to maintain tissue homeostasis, tissue repair and organismal health. Here, we outline the mechanisms of efferocytosis, from the recognition of dying cells through to phagocytic engulfment and homeostatic resolution, and highlight the pathophysiological consequences that can arise when this process is abrogated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Boada-Romero
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Inflammation & Autoimmunity Group, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bradlee L Heckmann
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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52
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Wang D, Hiebl V, Xu T, Ladurner A, Atanasov AG, Heiss EH, Dirsch VM. Impact of natural products on the cholesterol transporter ABCA1. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112444. [PMID: 31805338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In different countries and areas of the world, traditional medicine has been and is still used for the treatment of various disorders, including chest pain or liver complaints, of which we now know that they can be linked with altered lipid and cholesterol homeostasis. As ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays an essential role in cholesterol metabolism, its modulation may be one of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the experienced benefit of traditional recipes. Intense research activity has been dedicated to the identification of natural products from traditional medicine that regulate ABCA1 expression. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review surveys natural products, originating from ethnopharmacologically used plants, fungi or marine sources, which influence ABCA1 expression, providing a reference for future study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on regulation of ABCA1 expression by natural compounds from traditional medicine was extracted from ancient and modern books, materia medica, and electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and ResearchGate). RESULTS More than 60 natural compounds from traditional medicine, especially traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), are reported to regulate ABCA1 expression in different in vitro and in vivo models (such as cholesterol efflux and atherosclerotic animal models). These active compounds belong to the classes of polyketides, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, amino acids and others. Several compounds appear very promising in vivo, which need to be further investigated in animal models of diseases related to ABCA1 or in clinical studies. CONCLUSION Natural products from traditional medicine constitute a large promising pool for compounds that regulate ABCA1 expression, and thus may prevent/treat diseases related to cholesterol metabolism, like atherosclerosis or Alzheimer's disease. In many cases, the molecular mechanisms of these natural products remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Jie 32, 550003, Guiyang, China
| | - Verena Hiebl
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tao Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Jie 32, 550003, Guiyang, China
| | - Angela Ladurner
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, 05-552, Jastrzębiec, Poland; Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchevstr., 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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53
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Manogaran M, Vuanghao L, Mohamed R. Gynura procumbens ethanol extract and its fractions inhibit macrophage derived foam cell formation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112410. [PMID: 31747560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. displayed cardio-protective effect that may prevent atherogenesis. The primary underlying pathological process of cardiovascular disease is atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesion composed of macrophages, T cells and other immune cells which incorporated with cholesterol that infiltrates from the blood. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was performed to determine underlying mechanism of G. procumbens ethanol extract and its fractions such as aqueous, chloroform, ethyl acetate and hexane affect macrophage derived foam cell formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lipid droplets accumulation in treated macrophages were visualized by Oil Red O staining while the total cholesterol present in the treated macrophages were measured using Cholestryl Ester quantification assay kit. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were used to detect TNF-α and IL-1β secretion in the supernatant of treated macrophages. Gene expression of Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A-1 (ABCA-1) in treated macrophages were analyzed using Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS G. procumbens ethanol extract and its fractions reduced lipid droplet accumulation and total cholesterol in oxLDL-treated macrophages together with significantly reduction of TNF-α and IL-1β secretions in supernatant oxLDL-treated macrophages. LOX-1 gene expression was significantly reduced when G. procumbens ethanol extract and its fractions were added in oxDL-treated macrophages. In contrast, G. procumbens ethanol extract and its fractions significantly increased the expression of ABCA-1 gene in oxLDL-treated macrophages. CONCLUSION In conclusion, G. procumbens ethanol extract and its fractions inhibit the formation of macrophage derived foam cell by reducing TNF-α and IL-1β expression, which usually highly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques, suppressing scavenger receptor LOX-1 gene that binds oxLDL but induced ABCA-1 gene that mediate lipid efflux from macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lim Vuanghao
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
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54
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Wang Y, Dubland JA, Allahverdian S, Asonye E, Sahin B, Jaw JE, Sin DD, Seidman MA, Leeper NJ, Francis GA. Smooth Muscle Cells Contribute the Majority of Foam Cells in ApoE (Apolipoprotein E)-Deficient Mouse Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 39:876-887. [PMID: 30786740 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the most abundant cells in human atherosclerotic lesions and are suggested to contribute at least 50% of atheroma foam cells. In mice, SMCs contribute fewer total lesional cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of SMCs to total foam cells in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice, and the utility of these mice to model human SMC foam cell biology and interventions. Approach and Results- Using flow cytometry, foam cells in the aortic arch of ApoE-/- mice were characterized based on the expression of leukocyte-specific markers. Nonleukocyte foam cells increased from 37% of total foam cells in 27-week-old to 75% in 57-week-old male ApoE-/- mice fed a chow diet and were ≈70% in male and female ApoE-/- mice following 6 weeks of Western diet feeding. A similar contribution to total foam cells by SMCs was found using SMC-lineage tracing ApoE-/- mice fed the Western diet for 6 or 12 weeks. Nonleukocyte foam cells contributed a similar percentage of total atheroma cholesterol and exhibited lower expression of the cholesterol exporter ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) when compared with leukocyte-derived foam cells. Conclusions- Consistent with previous studies of human atheromas, we present evidence that SMCs contribute the majority of atheroma foam cells in ApoE-/- mice fed a Western diet and a chow diet for longer periods. Reduced expression of ABCA1, also seen in human intimal SMCs, suggests a common mechanism for formation of SMC foam cells across species, and represents a novel target to enhance atherosclerosis regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- From the Departments of Medicine (Y.W., J.A.D., S.A., E.A., B.S., J.E.J., D.D.S., G.A.F.), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University, CA (Y.W., N.J.L.)
| | - Joshua A Dubland
- From the Departments of Medicine (Y.W., J.A.D., S.A., E.A., B.S., J.E.J., D.D.S., G.A.F.), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sima Allahverdian
- From the Departments of Medicine (Y.W., J.A.D., S.A., E.A., B.S., J.E.J., D.D.S., G.A.F.), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Enyinnaya Asonye
- From the Departments of Medicine (Y.W., J.A.D., S.A., E.A., B.S., J.E.J., D.D.S., G.A.F.), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Basak Sahin
- From the Departments of Medicine (Y.W., J.A.D., S.A., E.A., B.S., J.E.J., D.D.S., G.A.F.), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jen Erh Jaw
- From the Departments of Medicine (Y.W., J.A.D., S.A., E.A., B.S., J.E.J., D.D.S., G.A.F.), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- From the Departments of Medicine (Y.W., J.A.D., S.A., E.A., B.S., J.E.J., D.D.S., G.A.F.), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michael A Seidman
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.A.S.), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nicholas J Leeper
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University, CA (Y.W., N.J.L.)
| | - Gordon A Francis
- From the Departments of Medicine (Y.W., J.A.D., S.A., E.A., B.S., J.E.J., D.D.S., G.A.F.), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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55
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Yang J, Wang L, Jia R. Role of de novo cholesterol synthesis enzymes in cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:1761-1767. [PMID: 32194787 PMCID: PMC7052851 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research in the cancer field, cancer remains one of the most prevalent diseases. There is an urgent need to identify specific targets that are safe and effective for the treatment of cancer. In recent years, cancer metabolism has come into the spotlight in cancer research. Lipid metabolism, especially cholesterol metabolism, plays a critical role in membrane synthesis as well as lipid signaling in cancer. This review focuses on the contribution of the de novo cholesterol synthesis pathway to tumorigenesis, cancer progression and metastasis. In conclusion, cholesterol metabolism could be an effective target for novel anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is one of the common pathological conditions of human, which occurs due to lipid metabolism disorder in the human body, resulting in serum lipid concentration beyond normal levels. Due to heredity, diet, nutrition, medicine, and other factors, the incidence of hyperlipidemia has been significantly enhanced and has become one of the most common pathological condition of the human. By introducing the background and pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia and the positive effects of exercise on a variety of related diseases, this chapter discusses the relationship between exercise and serum lipid concentration and the effects of different types of exercise on hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana He
- Department of Cardiology, Huamei Hospital, (Previously Named Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Honghua Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Huamei Hospital, (Previously Named Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
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57
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Zhang H, Lu H, Huang K, Li J, Wei F, Liu A, Chingin K, Chen H. Selective detection of phospholipids in human blood plasma and single cells for cancer differentiation using dispersed solid-phase microextraction combined with extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 2020; 145:7330-7339. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01204a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and selective determination of phospholipids in microvolume biofluid samples for cancer differentiation was achieved by d-SPME–iEESI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang 330013
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
| | - Haiyan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Keke Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- The First Hospital of Jilin University
- P. R. China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery
- The First Hospital of Jilin University
- P. R. China
| | - Aiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Konstantin Chingin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang 330013
- P. R. China
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang 330013
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
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58
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Huesca-Gómez C, Torres-Paz YE, Martínez-Alvarado R, Fuentevilla-Álvarez G, Del Valle-Mondragón L, Torres-Tamayo M, Soto ME, Gamboa R. Association between the transporters ABCA1/G1 and the expression of miR-33a/144 and the carotid intima media thickness in patients with arterial hypertension. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:1321-1329. [PMID: 31853766 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette membrane transporters (ABC), functions as an outflow facilitator of phospholipids and cellular cholesterol, playing an important role in the development of atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension. ABC's transporters could post-transcriptionally regulated by miRs. Evaluate the association in the transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 with the expression of miR-33a and miR-144 and the carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in patients with essential arterial hypertension. The miR-33a-5p, miR-144-3p and mRNA ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression in monocytes from Mexican hypertensive patients were examined by RT-PCR. The miR-33a and miR-144 expression in monocytes and mRNA ABCA1 and ABCG1 from Mexican hypertensive patients were examined by RT-PCR. This study involved 84 subjects (42 normotensive subjects and 42 patients with essential hypertension). Our study revealed that miR-33a expression (p = 0.001) and miR-144 (p = 0.985) were up-regulated, meanwhile, ABCA1 and ABCG1 transporters were down-regulated (p = 0.007 and p = 0.550 respectively) in hypertensive patients compared with the control group. The trend remains for miR33a/ABCA1 in presence of cIMT. Moreover, an inverse correlation was found with the expression levels of ABCA1 and ABCG1 as well as in HDL-C with miR-33a and miR-144. Our results showed an increase in the expression of miR-33a and miR-144 and an inverse correlation in their target ABCA1 and ABCG1; it may be associated with essential arterial hypertension in patients with cIMT and as consequence for atheromatous plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Huesca-Gómez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano No 1, Col. Sección XVI, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yazmín Estela Torres-Paz
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano No 1, Col. Sección XVI, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rocío Martínez-Alvarado
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Giovanny Fuentevilla-Álvarez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano No 1, Col. Sección XVI, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Margarita Torres-Tamayo
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ma Elena Soto
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Gamboa
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano No 1, Col. Sección XVI, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
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59
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Mechanisms and regulation of cholesterol homeostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 21:225-245. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 450] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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60
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Carvedilol Ameliorates Experimental Atherosclerosis by Regulating Cholesterol Efflux and Exosome Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205202. [PMID: 31635197 PMCID: PMC6834197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carvedilol (Cav), a nonselective β-blocker with α1 adrenoceptor blocking effect, has been used as a standard therapy for coronary artery disease. This study investigated the effects of Cav on exosome expression and function, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression, and cholesterol efflux that are relevant to the process of atherosclerosis. Human monocytic (THP-1) cell line and human hepatic (Huh-7) cells were treated with Cav, and cholesterol efflux was measured. Exosomes from cell culture medium or mice serum were isolated using glycan-coated recognition beads. Low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (ldlr−/−) mice were fed with high-fat diet and treated with Cav. Cav accentuated cholesterol efflux and enhanced the expressions of ABCA1 protein and mRNA in both THP-1 and Huh-7 cells. In addition, Cav increased expression and function of exosomal ABCA1 in THP-1 macrophage exosomes. The mechanisms were associated with inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and protein kinase B (Akt). In hypercholesterolemic ldlr−/− mice, Cav enhanced serum exosomal ABCA1 expression and suppressed atherosclerosis by inhibiting lipid deposition and macrophage accumulation. Cav halts atherosclerosis by enhancing cholesterol efflux and increasing ABCA1 expression in macrophages and in exosomes, possibly through NF-κB and Akt signaling, which provides mechanistic insights regarding the beneficial effects of Cav on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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61
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Lipoprotein(a): Current Evidence for a Physiologic Role and the Effects of Nutraceutical Strategies. Clin Ther 2019; 41:1780-1797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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62
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Lien CC, Chen CH, Lee YM, Guo BC, Cheng LC, Pan CC, Shyue SK, Lee TS. The phosphatase activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase regulates ATP-binding cassette transporter-A1-dependent cholesterol efflux. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6611-6621. [PMID: 31436906 PMCID: PMC6787517 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to atherosclerosis has been well defined. However, less is understood about the role of sEH and its underlying mechanism in the cholesterol metabolism of macrophages. The expression of sEH protein was increased in atherosclerotic aortas of apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice, primarily in macrophage foam cells. Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL) increased sEH expression in macrophages. Genetic deletion of sEH (sEH−/−) in macrophages markedly exacerbated oxLDL‐induced lipid accumulation and decreased the expression of ATP‐binding cassette transporters‐A1 (ABCA1) and apolipoprotein AI‐dependent cholesterol efflux following oxLDL treatment. The down‐regulation of ABCA1 in sEH−/− macrophages was due to an increase in the turnover rate of ABCA1 protein but not in mRNA transcription. Inhibition of phosphatase activity, but not hydrolase activity, of sEH decreased ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux following oxLDL challenge, which resulted in increased cholesterol accumulation. Additionally, oxLDL increased the phosphatase activity, promoted the sEH‐ABCA1 complex formation and decreased the phosphorylated level of ABCA1 at threonine residues. Overexpression of phosphatase domain of sEH abrogated the oxLDL‐induced ABCA1 phosphorylation and further increased ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux, leading to the attenuation of oxLDL‐induced cholesterol accumulation. Our findings suggest that the phosphatase domain of sEH plays a crucial role in the cholesterol metabolism of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chan Lien
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeng-Ming Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bei-Chia Guo
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Cheng
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chien Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Song-Kun Shyue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Shyuan Lee
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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63
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Sasaki M, Komatsu T, Ikewaki K. Impact of Hepatic ABCA1 (ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1) Deletion on Reverse Cholesterol Transport A New Clue in Solving Complex HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Metabolism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1699-1701. [PMID: 31433697 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Sasaki
- From the Division of Anti-aging and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan (M.S., T.K., K.I.)
| | - Tomohiro Komatsu
- From the Division of Anti-aging and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan (M.S., T.K., K.I.).,Research Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Katsunori Ikewaki
- From the Division of Anti-aging and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan (M.S., T.K., K.I.)
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Reiss AB, Silverman A, Khalfan M, Vernice NA, Kasselman LJ, Carsons SE, De Leon J. Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Mechanisms and Treatment. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:969-986. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190430113212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. There is accumulating evidence that the RA disease state accelerates the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Treatments for RA improve joint symptomatology and may reduce inflammation, but consideration of their effects on the cardiovascular system is generally low priority.Objective:Since cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in RA patients, the impact of RA therapies on atherosclerosis is an area in need of attention and the focus of this review.Results:The drugs used to treat RA may be analgesics, conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, and/or biologics, including antibodies against the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α. Pain relievers such as nonselective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase inhibitors may adversely affect lipid metabolism and cyclooxygenase inhibitors have been associated with increased adverse cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Methotrexate, the anchor disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug in RA treatment has multiple atheroprotective advantages and is often combined with other therapies. Biologic inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α may be beneficial in preventing cardiovascular disease because tumor necrosis factor-α promotes the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. However, some studies show a worsening of the lipid profile in RA with blockade of this cytokine, leading to higher total cholesterol and triglycerides.Conclusion:Greater understanding of the pharmacologic activity of RA treatments on the atherosclerotic process may lead to improved care, addressing both damages to the joints and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison B. Reiss
- Winthrop Research Institute, Department of Medicine, NYU Winthrop Hospital, 101 Mineola Boulevard, Suite 4-004, Mineola, NY 11501, United States
| | - Andrew Silverman
- Winthrop Research Institute, Department of Medicine, NYU Winthrop Hospital, 101 Mineola Boulevard, Suite 4-004, Mineola, NY 11501, United States
| | - Muhammed Khalfan
- Winthrop Research Institute, Department of Medicine, NYU Winthrop Hospital, 101 Mineola Boulevard, Suite 4-004, Mineola, NY 11501, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Vernice
- Winthrop Research Institute, Department of Medicine, NYU Winthrop Hospital, 101 Mineola Boulevard, Suite 4-004, Mineola, NY 11501, United States
| | - Lora J. Kasselman
- Winthrop Research Institute, Department of Medicine, NYU Winthrop Hospital, 101 Mineola Boulevard, Suite 4-004, Mineola, NY 11501, United States
| | - Steven E. Carsons
- Winthrop Research Institute, Department of Medicine, NYU Winthrop Hospital, 101 Mineola Boulevard, Suite 4-004, Mineola, NY 11501, United States
| | - Joshua De Leon
- Winthrop Research Institute, Department of Medicine, NYU Winthrop Hospital, 101 Mineola Boulevard, Suite 4-004, Mineola, NY 11501, United States
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Bashore AC, Liu M, Key CCC, Boudyguina E, Wang X, Carroll CM, Sawyer JK, Mullick AE, Lee RG, Macauley SL, Parks JS. Targeted Deletion of Hepatocyte Abca1 Increases Plasma HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Reverse Cholesterol Transport via the LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) Receptor. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1747-1761. [PMID: 31167565 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of hepatocyte Abca1 (ATP binding cassette transporter A1) in trafficking hepatic free cholesterol (FC) into plasma versus bile for reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is poorly understood. We hypothesized that hepatocyte Abca1 recycles plasma HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) taken up by the liver back into plasma, maintaining the plasma HDL-C pool, and decreasing HDL-mediated RCT into feces. Approach and Results: Chow-fed hepatocyte-specific Abca1 knockout (HSKO) and control mice were injected with human HDL radiolabeled with 125I-tyramine cellobiose (125I-TC; protein) and 3H-cholesteryl oleate (3H-CO). 125I-TC and 3H-CO plasma decay, plasma HDL 3H-CO selective clearance (ie, 3H-125I fractional catabolic rate), liver radiolabel uptake, and fecal 3H-sterol were significantly greater in HSKO versus control mice, supporting increased plasma HDL RCT. Twenty-four hours after 3H-CO-HDL injection, HSKO mice had reduced total hepatic 3H-FC (ie, 3H-CO hydrolyzed to 3H-FC in liver) resecretion into plasma, demonstrating Abca1 recycled HDL-derived hepatic 3H-FC back into plasma. Despite similar liver LDLr (low-density lipoprotein receptor) expression between genotypes, HSKO mice treated with LDLr-targeting versus control antisense oligonucleotide had slower plasma 3H-CO-HDL decay, reduced selective 3H-CO clearance, and decreased fecal 3H-sterol excretion that was indistinguishable from control mice. Increased RCT in HSKO mice was selective for 3H-CO-HDL, since macrophage RCT was similar between genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Hepatocyte Abca1 deletion unmasks a novel and selective FC trafficking pathway that requires LDLr expression, accelerating plasma HDL-selective CE uptake by the liver and promoting HDL RCT into feces, consequently reducing HDL-derived hepatic FC recycling into plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Bashore
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine (A.C.B., M.L., C-C.C.K., E.B., X.W., J.K.S., J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Mingxia Liu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine (A.C.B., M.L., C-C.C.K., E.B., X.W., J.K.S., J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Chia-Chi C Key
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine (A.C.B., M.L., C-C.C.K., E.B., X.W., J.K.S., J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Elena Boudyguina
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine (A.C.B., M.L., C-C.C.K., E.B., X.W., J.K.S., J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine (A.C.B., M.L., C-C.C.K., E.B., X.W., J.K.S., J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Caitlin M Carroll
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine (C.M.C., S.L.M.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Janet K Sawyer
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine (A.C.B., M.L., C-C.C.K., E.B., X.W., J.K.S., J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Adam E Mullick
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Group, Department of Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Carlsbad, CA (A.E.M., R.G.L.)
| | - Richard G Lee
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Group, Department of Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Carlsbad, CA (A.E.M., R.G.L.)
| | - Shannon L Macauley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine (C.M.C., S.L.M.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - John S Parks
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine (A.C.B., M.L., C-C.C.K., E.B., X.W., J.K.S., J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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Dal Magro R, Simonelli S, Cox A, Formicola B, Corti R, Cassina V, Nardo L, Mantegazza F, Salerno D, Grasso G, Deriu MA, Danani A, Calabresi L, Re F. The Extent of Human Apolipoprotein A-I Lipidation Strongly Affects the β-Amyloid Efflux Across the Blood-Brain Barrier in vitro. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:419. [PMID: 31156358 PMCID: PMC6532439 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Much evidence suggests a protective role of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and its major apolipoprotein apoA-I, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The biogenesis of nascent HDL derived from a first lipidation of apoA-I, which is synthesized by the liver and intestine but not in the brain, in a process mediated by ABCA1. The maturation of nascent HDL in mature spherical HDL is due to a subsequent lipidation step, LCAT-mediated cholesterol esterification, and the change of apoA-I conformation. Therefore, different subclasses of apoA-I-HDL simultaneously exist in the blood circulation. Here, we investigated if and how the lipidation state affects the ability of apoA-I-HDL to target and modulate the cerebral β-amyloid (Aβ) content from the periphery, that is thus far unclear. In particular, different subclasses of HDL, each with different apoA-I lipidation state, were purified from human plasma and their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), to interact with Aβ aggregates, and to affect Aβ efflux across the BBB was assessed in vitro using a transwell system. The results showed that discoidal HDL displayed a superior capability to promote Aβ efflux in vitro (9 × 10-5 cm/min), when compared to apoA-I in other lipidation states. In particular, no effect on Aβ efflux was detected when apoA-I was in mature spherical HDL, suggesting that apoA-I conformation, and lipidation could play a role in Aβ clearance from the brain. Finally, when apoA-I folded its structure in discoidal HDL, rather than in spherical ones, it was able to cross the BBB in vitro and strongly destabilize the conformation of Aβ fibrils by decreasing the order of the fibril structure (-24%) and the β-sheet content (-14%). These data suggest that the extent of apoA-I lipidation, and consequently its conformation, may represent crucial features that could exert their protective role in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Dal Magro
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Sara Simonelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro Grossi Paoletti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alysia Cox
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Beatrice Formicola
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberta Corti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Valeria Cassina
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Nardo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesco Mantegazza
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Domenico Salerno
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Gianvito Grasso
- Istituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull'Intelligenza Artificiale, Scuola Universitaria Professionale della Svizzera Italiana, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Marco Agostino Deriu
- Istituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull'Intelligenza Artificiale, Scuola Universitaria Professionale della Svizzera Italiana, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Danani
- Istituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull'Intelligenza Artificiale, Scuola Universitaria Professionale della Svizzera Italiana, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro Grossi Paoletti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Re
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Nanomedicine Center NANOMIB, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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PMP22 Regulates Cholesterol Trafficking and ABCA1-Mediated Cholesterol Efflux. J Neurosci 2019; 39:5404-5418. [PMID: 31061090 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2942-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of functional peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) is associated with shortened lifespan in rodents and severe peripheral nerve myelin abnormalities in several species including humans. Schwann cells and nerves from PMP22 knock-out (KO) mice show deranged cholesterol distribution and aberrant lipid raft morphology, supporting an unrecognized role for PMP22 in cellular lipid metabolism. To examine the mechanisms underlying these abnormalities, we studied Schwann cells and nerves from male and female PMP22 KO mice. Whole-cell current-clamp recordings in cultured Schwann cells revealed increased membrane capacitance and decreased membrane resistance in the absence of PMP22, which was consistent with a reduction in membrane cholesterol. Nerves from PMP22-deficient mice contained abnormal lipid droplets, with both mRNA and protein levels of apolipoprotein E (apoE) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) being highly upregulated. Despite the upregulation of ABCA1 and apoE, the absence of PMP22 resulted in reduced localization of the transporter to the cell membrane and diminished secretion of apoE. The absence of PMP22 also impaired ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity. In nerves from ABCA1 KO mice, the expression of PMP22 was significantly elevated and the subcellular processing of the overproduced protein was aberrant. In wild-type samples, double immunolabeling identified overlapping distribution of PMP22 and ABCA1 at the Schwann cell plasma membrane and the two proteins were coimmunoprecipitated from Schwann cell and nerve lysates. Together, these results reveal a novel role for PMP22 in regulating lipid metabolism and cholesterol trafficking through functional interaction with the cholesterol efflux regulatory protein ABCA1.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Understanding the subcellular events that underlie abnormal myelin formation in hereditary neuropathies is critical for advancing therapy development. Peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) is an essential peripheral myelin protein because its genetic abnormalities account for ∼80% of hereditary neuropathies. Here, we demonstrate that in the absence of PMP22, the cellular and electrophysiological properties of the Schwann cells' plasma membrane are altered and cholesterol trafficking and lipid homeostasis are perturbed. The molecular mechanisms for these abnormalities involve a functional interplay among PMP22, cholesterol, apolipoprotein E, and the major cholesterol-efflux transporter protein ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). These findings establish a critical role for PMP22 in the maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis in Schwann cells.
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Chen Z, Chu S, Wang X, Fan Y, Zhan T, Arbab AAI, Li M, Zhang H, Mao Y, Loor JJ, Yang Z. MicroRNA-106b Regulates Milk Fat Metabolism via ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 ( ABCA1) in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:3981-3990. [PMID: 30892026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Research on the mechanisms that regulate milk fat synthesis in dairy cows is essential to identify potential molecular targets that in the long term can help develop appropriate molecular breeding programs. Although some studies have revealed that microRNA (miRNA) affect lipid metabolism by targeting specific genes, joint analysis of miRNA and target mRNA data from bovine mammary tissue has revealed few clues regarding the underlying mechanisms controlling milk fat synthesis. The objective of the present study was to use high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to identify miRNA and mRNA pairs and explore further their potential roles in regulating milk fat synthesis. A total of 233 pairs of negatively associated miRNA and mRNA pairs were detected. Among those, there were 162 pairs in which the miRNAs were down-regulated and the target mRNAs were up-regulated. Among the identified miRNA, miR-106b can bind the 3'-UTR of the ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 ( ABCA1), a gene previously identified as having a positive association with bovine milk fat synthesis. The overexpression of miR-106b in bovine mammary epithelial cells caused a decrease in triglyceride and cholesterol content while the inhibition of miR-106b increased triglyceride and cholesterol content, confirming its role in lipid metabolism. The present study allowed for the construction of a miR-106b- ABCA1 regulatory network map, thus providing a theoretical basis to target this gene in the molecular breeding of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Shuangfeng Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Yongliang Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Tiayin Zhan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , PR China
| | - Abdelaziz Adam Idriss Arbab
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Mingxun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Yongjiang Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences , University of Illinois , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , China
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Fracassi A, Marangoni M, Rosso P, Pallottini V, Fioramonti M, Siteni S, Segatto M. Statins and the Brain: More than Lipid Lowering Agents? Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:59-83. [PMID: 28676012 PMCID: PMC6341496 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170703101816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Statins represent a class of medications widely prescribed to efficiently treat dyslipidemia. These drugs inhibit 3-βhydroxy 3β-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), the rate-limiting enzyme of mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Besides cholesterol, MVA pathway leads to the production of several other compounds, which are essen-tial in the regulation of a plethora of biological activities, including in the central nervous system. For these reasons, statins are able to induce pleiotropic actions, and acquire increased interest as potential and novel modulators in brain processes, es-pecially during pathological conditions. Objective: The purpose of this review is to summarize and examine the current knowledge about pharmacokinetic and phar-macodynamic properties of statins in the brain. In addition, effects of statin on brain diseases are discussed providing the most up-to-date information. Methods: Relevant scientific information was identified from PubMed database using the following keywords: statins and brain, central nervous system, neurological diseases, neurodegeneration, brain tumors, mood, stroke. Results: 315 scientific articles were selected and analyzed for the writing of this review article. Several papers highlighted that statin treatment is effective in preventing or ameliorating the symptomatology of a number of brain pathologies. Howev-er, other studies failed to demonstrate a neuroprotective effect. Conclusion: Even though considerable research studies suggest pivotal functional outcomes induced by statin therapy, addi-tional investigation is required to better determine the pharmacological effectiveness of statins in the brain, and support their clinical use in the management of different neuropathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fracassi
- Department of Science, University of Rome "Roma Tre", Italy
| | - Martina Marangoni
- Medical Genetics Unit, University Hospital of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - Pamela Rosso
- Department of Science, University of Rome "Roma Tre", Italy.,Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvia Siteni
- Department of Science, University of Rome "Roma Tre", Italy
| | - Marco Segatto
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy.,Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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He Y, Song HD, Anantharamaiah GM, Palgunachari MN, Bornfeldt KE, Segrest JP, Heinecke JW. Apolipoprotein A1 Forms 5/5 and 5/4 Antiparallel Dimers in Human High-density Lipoprotein. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:854-864. [PMID: 30659061 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), the major protein of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), contains 10 helical repeats that play key roles in protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. The current structural model for HDL proposes that APOA1 forms an antiparallel dimer in which helix 5 in monomer 1 associates with helix 5 in monomer 2 along a left-left (LL5/5) interface, forming a protein complex with a 2-fold axis of symmetry centered on helix 5. However, computational studies suggest that other orientations are possible. To test this idea, we used a zero-length chemical cross-linking reagent that forms covalent bonds between closely apposed basic and acidic residues. Using proteolytic digestion and tandem mass spectrometry, we identified amino acids in the central region of the antiparallel APOA1 dimer of HDL that were in close contact. As predicted by the current model, we found six intermolecular cross-links that were consistent with the antiparallel LL5/5 registry. However, we also identified three intermolecular cross-links that were consistent with the antiparallel LL5/4 registry. The LL5/5 is the major structural conformation of the two complexes in both reconstituted discoidal HDL particles and in spherical HDL from human plasma. Molecular dynamic simulations suggest that that LL5/5 and LL5/4 APOA1 dimers possess similar free energies of dimerization, with LL5/5 having the lowest free energy. Our observations indicate that phospholipidated APOA1 in HDL forms different antiparallel dimers that could play distinct roles in enzyme regulation, assembly of specific protein complexes, and the functional properties of HDL in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- From the Departments of ‡Medicine and
| | - Hyun D Song
- ‖Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37240
| | - G M Anantharamaiah
- ¶Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama 35233
| | - M N Palgunachari
- ¶Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama 35233
| | - Karin E Bornfeldt
- From the Departments of ‡Medicine and; §Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98109
| | - Jere P Segrest
- ‖Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37240
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He Y, Kothari V, Bornfeldt KE. High-Density Lipoprotein Function in Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Mellitus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:e10-e16. [PMID: 29367232 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (Y.H., V.K., K.E.B.) and Department of Pathology (K.E.B.), University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Vishal Kothari
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (Y.H., V.K., K.E.B.) and Department of Pathology (K.E.B.), University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Karin E Bornfeldt
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine (Y.H., V.K., K.E.B.) and Department of Pathology (K.E.B.), University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle.
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Wang Y, Ji X, Dai S, Liu H, Yan D, Zhou Y, Gu J, Shi H. Cadmium induced redistribution of cholesterol by upregulating ABCA1 and downregulating OSBP. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 189:199-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Moon SY, Shin SA, Oh YS, Park HH, Lee CS. Understanding the Role of the BAI Subfamily of Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) in Pathological and Physiological Conditions. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9120597. [PMID: 30513696 PMCID: PMC6316137 DOI: 10.3390/genes9120597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAIs) 1, 2, and 3 are members of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptors, subfamily B, which share a conserved seven-transmembrane structure and an N-terminal extracellular domain. In cell- and animal-based studies, these receptors have been shown to play diverse roles under physiological and pathological conditions. BAI1 is an engulfment receptor and performs major functions in apoptotic-cell clearance and interacts (as a pattern recognition receptor) with pathogen components. BAI1 and -3 also participate in myoblast fusion. Furthermore, BAI1–3 have been linked to tumor progression and neurological diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the functions of BAI1–3 in pathological and physiological conditions and discuss future directions in terms of the importance of BAIs as pharmacological targets in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Moon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Seong-Ah Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Yong-Seok Oh
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Korea.
| | - Hyun Ho Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Chang Sup Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
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Kriaa A, Bourgin M, Potiron A, Mkaouar H, Jablaoui A, Gérard P, Maguin E, Rhimi M. Microbial impact on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism: current status and future prospects. J Lipid Res 2018; 60:323-332. [PMID: 30487175 PMCID: PMC6358303 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r088989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the gut microbiota has emerged as a crucial factor that influences cholesterol metabolism. Ever since, significant interest has been shown in investigating these host-microbiome interactions to uncover microbiome-mediated functions on cholesterol and bile acid (BA) metabolism. Indeed, changes in gut microbiota composition and, hence, its derived metabolites have been previously reported to subsequently impact the metabolic processes and have been linked to several diseases. In this context, associations between a disrupted gut microbiome, impaired BA metabolism, and cholesterol dysregulation have been highlighted. Extensive advances in metagenomic and metabolomic studies in this field have allowed us to further our understanding of the role of intestinal bacteria in metabolic health and disease. However, only a few have provided mechanistic insights into their impact on cholesterol metabolism. Identifying the myriad functions and interactions of these bacteria to maintain cholesterol homeostasis remain an important challenge in such a field of research. In this review, we discuss the impact of gut microbiota on cholesterol metabolism, its association with disease settings, and the potential of modulating gut microbiota as a promising therapeutic target to lower hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Kriaa
- UMR 1319 Micalis, INRA, Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mélanie Bourgin
- UMR 1319 Micalis, INRA, Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Aline Potiron
- UMR 1319 Micalis, INRA, Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Héla Mkaouar
- UMR 1319 Micalis, INRA, Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Amin Jablaoui
- UMR 1319 Micalis, INRA, Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Gérard
- UMR 1319 Micalis, INRA, Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- UMR 1319 Micalis, INRA, Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Moez Rhimi
- UMR 1319 Micalis, INRA, Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Chernick D, Ortiz-Valle S, Jeong A, Swaminathan SK, Kandimalla KK, Rebeck GW, Li L. High-density lipoprotein mimetic peptide 4F mitigates amyloid-β-induced inhibition of apolipoprotein E secretion and lipidation in primary astrocytes and microglia. J Neurochem 2018; 147:647-662. [PMID: 30028014 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E (apoE) ε4 allele is the primary genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). ApoE in the brain is produced primarily by astrocytes; once secreted from these cells, apoE binds lipids and forms high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-like particles. Accumulation of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) in the brain is a key hallmark of AD, and is thought to initiate a pathogenic cascade leading to neurodegeneration and dementia. The level and lipidation state of apoE affect Aβ aggregation and clearance pathways. Elevated levels of plasma HDL are associated with lower risk and severity of AD; the underlying mechanisms, however, have not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to investigate the impact of an HDL mimetic peptide, 4F, on the secretion and lipidation of apoE. We found that 4F significantly increases apoE secretion and lipidation in primary human astrocytes as well as in primary mouse astrocytes and microglia. Aggregated Aβ inhibits glial apoE secretion and lipidation, causing accumulation of intracellular apoE, an effect that is counteracted by co-treatment with 4F. Pharmacological and gene editing approaches show that 4F mediates its effects partially through the secretory pathway from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus and requires the lipid transporter ATP-binding cassette transporter A1. We conclude that the HDL mimetic peptide 4F promotes glial apoE secretion and lipidation and mitigates the detrimental effects of Aβ on proper cellular trafficking and functionality of apoE. These findings suggest that treatment with such an HDL mimetic peptide may provide therapeutic benefit in AD. Read the Editorial Highlight for this article on page 580.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Chernick
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Angela Jeong
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Suresh K Swaminathan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Karunya K Kandimalla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - G William Rebeck
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Stamatikos A, Dronadula N, Ng P, Palmer D, Knight E, Wacker BK, Tang C, Kim F, Dichek DA. ABCA1 Overexpression in Endothelial Cells In Vitro Enhances ApoAI-Mediated Cholesterol Efflux and Decreases Inflammation. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 30:236-248. [PMID: 30079772 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a disease of blood vessels, is driven by cholesterol accumulation and inflammation. Gene therapy that removes cholesterol from blood vessels and decreases inflammation is a promising approach for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. In previous work, we reported that helper-dependent adenoviral (HDAd) overexpression of apolipoprotein A-I (apoAI) in endothelial cells (ECs) increases cholesterol efflux in vitro and reduces atherosclerosis in vivo. However, the effect of HDAdApoAI on atherosclerosis is partial. To improve this therapy, we considered concurrent overexpression of ATP-binding cassette subfamily A, member 1 (ABCA1), a protein that is required for apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux. Before attempting combined apoAI/ABCA1 gene therapy, we tested whether an HDAd that expresses ABCA1 (HDAdABCA1) increases EC cholesterol efflux, whether increased cholesterol efflux alters normal EC physiology, and whether ABCA1 overexpression in ECs has anti-inflammatory effects. HDAdABCA1 increased EC ABCA1 protein (∼3-fold; p < 0.001) and apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux (2.3-fold; p = 0.007). Under basal culture conditions, ABCA1 overexpression did not alter EC proliferation, metabolism, migration, apoptosis, nitric oxide production, or inflammatory gene expression. However, in serum-starved, apoAI-treated EC, ABCA1 overexpression had anti-inflammatory effects: decreased inflammatory gene expression (∼50%; p ≤ 0.02 for interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, and vascular cell adhesion protein-1); reduced lipid-raft Toll-like receptor 4 (80%; p = 0.001); and a trend towards increased nitric oxide production (∼55%; p = 0.1). In ECs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, ABCA1 overexpression markedly decreased inflammatory gene expression (∼90% for IL-6 and TNF-α; p < 0.001). Therefore, EC ABCA1 overexpression has no toxic effects and counteracts the two key drivers of atherosclerosis: cholesterol accumulation and inflammation. In vivo testing of HDAdABCA1 is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Stamatikos
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nagadhara Dronadula
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Philip Ng
- 2 Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Donna Palmer
- 2 Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ethan Knight
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bradley K Wacker
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Chongren Tang
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Francis Kim
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - David A Dichek
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Harris MT, Hussain SS, Inouye CM, Castle AM, Castle JD. Reinterpretation of the localization of the ATP binding cassette transporter ABCG1 in insulin-secreting cells and insights regarding its trafficking and function. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198383. [PMID: 30235209 PMCID: PMC6147399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ABC transporter ABCG1 contributes to the regulation of cholesterol efflux from cells and to the distribution of cholesterol within cells. We showed previously that ABCG1 deficiency inhibits insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells and, based on its immunolocalization to insulin granules, proposed its essential role in forming granule membranes that are enriched in cholesterol. While we confirm elsewhere that ABCG1, alongside ABCA1 and oxysterol binding protein OSBP, supports insulin granule formation, the aim here is to clarify the localization of ABCG1 within insulin-secreting cells and to provide added insight regarding ABCG1's trafficking and sites of function. We show that stably expressed GFP-tagged ABCG1 closely mimics the distribution of endogenous ABCG1 in pancreatic INS1 cells and accumulates in the trans-Golgi network (TGN), endosomal recycling compartment (ERC) and on the cell surface but not on insulin granules, early or late endosomes. Notably, ABCG1 is short-lived, and proteasomal and lysosomal inhibitors both decrease its degradation. Following blockade of protein synthesis, GFP-tagged ABCG1 first disappears from the ER and TGN and later from the ERC and plasma membrane. In addition to aiding granule formation, our findings raise the prospect that ABCG1 may act beyond the TGN to regulate activities involving the endocytic pathway, especially as the amount of transferrin receptor is increased in ABCG1-deficient cells. Thus, ABCG1 may function at multiple intracellular sites and the plasma membrane as a roving sensor and modulator of cholesterol distribution, membrane trafficking and cholesterol efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan T. Harris
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Syed Saad Hussain
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Candice M. Inouye
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Anna M. Castle
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - J. David Castle
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
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Tumurkhuu G, Dagvadorj J, Porritt RA, Crother TR, Shimada K, Tarling EJ, Erbay E, Arditi M, Chen S. Chlamydia pneumoniae Hijacks a Host Autoregulatory IL-1β Loop to Drive Foam Cell Formation and Accelerate Atherosclerosis. Cell Metab 2018; 28:432-448.e4. [PMID: 29937375 PMCID: PMC6125162 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen burden accelerates atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms remain unresolved. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is linked to atherogenesis. Here we investigated whether Chlamydia pneumoniae (C.pn) infection engages NLRP3 in promoting atherosclerosis. C.pn potentiated hyperlipidemia-induced inflammasome activity in cultured macrophages and in foam cells in atherosclerotic lesions of Ldlr-/- mice. C.pn-induced acceleration of atherosclerosis was significantly dependent on NLRP3 and caspase-1. We discovered that C.pn-induced extracellular IL-1β triggers a negative feedback loop to inhibit GPR109a and ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux, leading to accumulation of intracellular cholesterol and foam cell formation. Gpr109a and Abca1 were both upregulated in plaque lesions in Nlrp3-/- mice in both hyperlipidemic and C.pn infection models. Mature IL-1β and cholesterol may compete for access to the ABCA1 transporter to be exported from macrophages. C.pn exploits this metabolic-immune crosstalk, which can be modulated by NLRP3 inhibitors to alleviate atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gantsetseg Tumurkhuu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, and Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jargalsaikhan Dagvadorj
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, and Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Rebecca A Porritt
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, and Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Timothy R Crother
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, and Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kenichi Shimada
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, and Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Tarling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ebru Erbay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics and National Nanotechnology Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Moshe Arditi
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, and Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Shuang Chen
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, and Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Impaired HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11691. [PMID: 30076407 PMCID: PMC6076293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with a substantial increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), which is partly related to dyslipidemia and low HDL-C level. The cardioprotective activity of HDL in the body is closely connected to its role in promoting cholesterol efflux, which is determined by cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC). Hitherto, the role of HDL, as defined by CEC has not been assessed in NAFLD patients. In this research study, we present the results of a study of cAMP-treated J774 CEC and THP-1 macrophage CEC in ApoB-depleted plasma of 55 newly diagnosed NAFLD patients and 30 controls. Circulating levels of ApoA-I, ApoB, preβ-HDL, plasma activity of CETP, PLTP, LCAT and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) were estimated. cAMP-treated J774 and THP-1 macrophage CEC were found to be significantly lower in NAFLD patients compared to controls (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). In addition, it was discovered that both ApoA-I and preβ1-HDL were significantly lower in NAFLD patients (P < 0.001). Furthermore, cAMP-treated J774 CEC showed independent negative correlation with cIMT, as well as the presence of atherosclerotic plaque in NAFLD patients. In conclusion, our findings showed that HDL CEC was suppressed in NAFLD patients, and impaired cAMP-treated J774 CEC was an independent risk factor for subclinical atherosclerosis in NAFLD patients, suggesting that impaired HDL functions as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis in NAFLD.
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Dietary compounds have potential in controlling atherosclerosis by modulating macrophage cholesterol metabolism and inflammation via miRNA. NPJ Sci Food 2018; 2:13. [PMID: 31304263 PMCID: PMC6550192 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-018-0022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a typical example of a widespread fatal cardiovascular disease. Accumulation of cholesterol-laden macrophages in the artery wall forms the starting point of AS. Increased influx of oxidized low-density lipoprotein to macrophages and decreased efflux of free cholesterol out of macrophages constitute major factors promoting the development of AS. Inflammation further aggravates the development of AS along or via interaction with the cholesterol metabolism. Many microRNAs (miRNAs) are related to the regulation of macrophage in AS in aspects of cholesterol metabolism and inflammation signaling. Dietary compounds perform AS inhibitory effects via miRNAs in the cholesterol metabolism (miR-19b, miR-378, miR-10b, miR-33a, and miR-33b) and two miRNAs in the inflammation signaling (miR-155 and miR-146a). The targeted miRNAs in the cholesterol metabolism vary greatly among different food compounds; however, in inflammation signaling, most food compounds target miR-155. Many receptors are involved in macrophages via miRNAs, including ABCA1 and ABCG1 as major receptors in the cholesterol metabolism, while nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Nrf2 signaling and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways are targeted during inflammation. This article reviews current literature to investigate possible AS therapy with dietary compounds via targeting miRNAs. Currently existing problems were also discussed to guide further studies.
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Wang D, Hiebl V, Ladurner A, Latkolik SL, Bucar F, Heiß EH, Dirsch VM, Atanasov AG. 6-Dihydroparadol, a Ginger Constituent, Enhances Cholesterol Efflux from THP-1-Derived Macrophages. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800011. [PMID: 29802792 PMCID: PMC6099374 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Ginger is reported to be used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells is an important process in reverse cholesterol transport, whose increase may help to prevent or treat CVD. In this study, we investigated the effects of 6-dihydroparadol from ginger on macrophage cholesterol efflux. METHODS AND RESULTS We show that 6-dihydroparadol concentration-dependently enhances both apolipoprotein A1- and human plasma-mediated cholesterol efflux from cholesterol-loaded THP-1-derived macrophages using macrophage cholesterol efflux assay. 6-Dihydroparadol increases protein levels of both ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 [ABCA1] and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 [ABCG1]) according to Western blot analysis. The ABCA1 inhibitor probucol completely abolishes 6-dihydroparadol-enhanced cholesterol efflux. Furthermore, increased ABCA1 protein levels in the presence of 6-dihydroparadol were associated with both increased ABCA1 mRNA levels and increased ABCA1 protein stability. Enhanced ABCG1 protein levels were only associated with increased protein stability. Increased ABCA1 protein stability appeared to be the result of a reduced proteasomal degradation of the transporter in the presence of 6-dihydroparadol. CONCLUSION We identified 6-dihydroparadol from ginger as a novel promoter of cholesterol efflux from macrophages that increases both ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein abundance. This newly identified bioactivity might contribute to the antiatherogenic effects of ginger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Department of PharmacognosyUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciencesul. Postepu 36A05–552JastrzebiecPoland
- Institute of Clinical ChemistryUniversity Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichWagistrasse 148952SchlierenSwitzerland
| | - Verena Hiebl
- Department of PharmacognosyUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Angela Ladurner
- Department of PharmacognosyUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Simone L. Latkolik
- Department of PharmacognosyUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Franz Bucar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Graz8010GrazAustria
| | - Elke H. Heiß
- Department of PharmacognosyUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Verena M. Dirsch
- Department of PharmacognosyUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Department of PharmacognosyUniversity of ViennaAlthanstrasse 141090ViennaAustria
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciencesul. Postepu 36A05–552JastrzebiecPoland
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Borai IH, Soliman AF, Ahmed HM, Ahmed GF, Kassim SK. Association of MTHFR C677T and ABCA1 G656A polymorphisms with obesity among Egyptian children. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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83
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Lowering the n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio inhibits the formation of THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cell. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:125. [PMID: 29801502 PMCID: PMC5970467 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The balance between n-6 and n-3 PUFAs is an important determinant in the risk for cardiovascular disease. The study was to investigate the influence of the n-6 and n-3 PUFAs ratio on the formation of THP-1 monocyte-derived foam cells and explore the probable mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis. Methods THP-1 monocyte cells were cultured with PMA and ox-LDL to establish a foam-cell model, while treated with different ratios of n-6 to n-3 PUFAs for 48 h. The cholesterol of foam cells was measured by a cholesterol assay kit. The levels of IL-6 and TNFα in supernatant were detected with ELISA methods. The expressions of CD36, ABCA1, ACAT1, PPARγ and LXRα mRNA were detected with real-time PCR. Results Compared with the foam cell model group, the low and middle ratio of n-6 to n-3 PUFAs groups decreased the intracellular concentration of cholesterol (P < 0.01), but the high n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio did not. Fatty acids decreased the level of IL-6 and TNFα in supernatant in a ratio-dependent manner. Fatty acids treatment also decreased the expressions of CD36、ACTA1、PPARγ、LXRα mRNA in a ratio-dependent manner. Conclusions Lowering the ratios of n-6 to n-3 PUFAs can decrease the secretion of inflammatory cytokines then reduce the expressions of CD36 and ACAT1 mRNA. As well, it can decrease the expressions of CD36 mRNA through the PPARγ pathway. This leads to less cholesterol ingestion into the cells and decreased synthesis of cholesteryl ester, which inhibits the formation of the foam cells, further preventing the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis.
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Wang C, Liu S, Lu L, Liao S, Yue H, Dong Q, Xin Y, Xuan S. Association Between Four ABCA1 gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Chinese Han Population. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2018; 18. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.66149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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85
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Liang H, Wang Y. Berberine alleviates hepatic lipid accumulation by increasing ABCA1 through the protein kinase C δ pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 498:473-480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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86
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He H, Yuan Q, Bie J, Wallace RL, Yannie PJ, Wang J, Lancina MG, Zolotarskaya OY, Korzun W, Yang H, Ghosh S. Development of mannose functionalized dendrimeric nanoparticles for targeted delivery to macrophages: use of this platform to modulate atherosclerosis. Transl Res 2018; 193:13-30. [PMID: 29172034 PMCID: PMC6198660 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunctional macrophages underlie the development of several diseases including atherosclerosis where accumulation of cholesteryl esters and persistent inflammation are 2 of the critical macrophage processes that regulate the progression as well as stability of atherosclerotic plaques. Ligand-dependent activation of liver-x-receptor (LXR) not only enhances mobilization of stored cholesteryl ester but also exerts anti-inflammatory effects mediated via trans-repression of proinflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B. However, increased hepatic lipogenesis by systemic administration of LXR ligands (LXR-L) has precluded their therapeutic use. The objective of the present study was to devise a strategy to selectively deliver LXR-L to atherosclerotic plaque-associated macrophages while limiting hepatic uptake. Mannose-functionalized dendrimeric nanoparticles (mDNP) were synthesized to facilitate active uptake via the mannose receptor expressed exclusively by macrophages using polyamidoamine dendrimer. Terminal amine groups were used to conjugate mannose and LXR-L T091317 via polyethylene glycol spacers. mDNP-LXR-L was effectively taken up by macrophages (and not by hepatocytes), increased expression of LXR target genes (ABCA1/ABCG1), and enhanced cholesterol efflux. When administered intravenously to LDLR-/- mice with established plaques, significant accumulation of fluorescently labeled mDNP-LXR-L was seen in atherosclerotic plaque-associated macrophages. Four weekly injections of mDNP-LXR-L led to significant reduction in atherosclerotic plaque progression, plaque necrosis, and plaque inflammation as assessed by expression of nuclear factor kappa B target gene matrix metalloproteinase 9; no increase in hepatic lipogenic genes or plasma lipids was observed. These studies validate the development of a macrophage-specific delivery platform for the delivery of anti-atherosclerotic agents directly to the plaque-associated macrophages to attenuate plaque burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang He
- Dept. of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Va
| | - Quan Yuan
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Va
| | - Jinghua Bie
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Va
| | - Ryan L Wallace
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Va
| | - Paul J Yannie
- Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Va
| | - Jing Wang
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Va
| | | | - Olga Yu Zolotarskaya
- Dept. of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Va
| | - William Korzun
- Dept. of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Va
| | - Hu Yang
- Dept. of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Va; Dept. of Pharmaceutics, VCU, Richmond, Va; Massey Cancer Center, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Va
| | - Shobha Ghosh
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Va; Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Va.
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87
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Phillips MC. Is ABCA1 a lipid transfer protein? J Lipid Res 2018; 59:749-763. [PMID: 29305383 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r082313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ABCA1 functions as a lipid transporter because it mediates the transfer of cellular phospholipid (PL) and free (unesterified) cholesterol (FC) to apoA-I and related proteins present in the extracellular medium. ABCA1 is a membrane PL translocase and its enzymatic activity leads to transfer of PL molecules from the cytoplasmic leaflet to the exofacial leaflet of a cell plasma membrane (PM). The presence of active ABCA1 in the PM promotes binding of apoA-I to the cell surface. About 10% of this bound apoA-I interacts directly with ABCA1 and stabilizes the transporter. Most of the pool of cell surface-associated apoA-I is bound to lipid domains in the PM that are created by the activity of ABCA1. The amphipathic α-helices in apoA-I confer detergent-like properties on the protein enabling it to solubilize PL and FC in these membrane domains to create a heterogeneous population of discoidal nascent HDL particles. This review focuses on current understanding of the structure-function relationships of human ABCA1 and the molecular mechanisms underlying HDL particle production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Phillips
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5158
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88
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Shao B, Heinecke JW. Quantifying HDL proteins by mass spectrometry: how many proteins are there and what are their functions? Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 15:31-40. [PMID: 29113513 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1402680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many lines of evidence indicate that low levels of HDL cholesterol increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, recent clinical studies of statin-treated subjects with established atherosclerosis cast doubt on the hypothesis that elevating HDL cholesterol levels reduces CVD risk. Areas covered: It is critical to identify new HDL metrics that capture HDL's proposed cardioprotective effects. One promising approach is quantitative MS/MS-based HDL proteomics. This article focuses on recent studies of the feasibility and challenges of using this strategy in translational studies. It also discusses how lipid-lowering therapy and renal disease alter HDL's functions and proteome, and how HDL might serve as a platform for binding proteins with specific functional properties. Expert commentary: It is clear that HDL has a diverse protein cargo and that its functions extend well beyond its classic role in lipid transport and reverse cholesterol transport. MS/MS analysis has demonstrated that HDL might contain >80 different proteins. Key challenges are demonstrating that these proteins truly associate with HDL, are functionally important, and that MS-based HDL proteomics can reproducibly detect biomarkers in translational studies of disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohai Shao
- a Department of Medicine , University of Washington , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - Jay W Heinecke
- a Department of Medicine , University of Washington , Seattle , WA , USA
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89
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Castiglioni S, Monti M, Arnaboldi L, Canavesi M, Ainis Buscherini G, Calabresi L, Corsini A, Bellosta S. ABCA1 and HDL 3 are required to modulate smooth muscle cells phenotypic switch after cholesterol loading. Atherosclerosis 2017; 266:8-15. [PMID: 28946038 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cholesterol-loaded smooth muscle cells (SMCs) modify their phenotypic behavior becoming foam cells. To characterize the role of ABCA1 and HDL3 in this process, we evaluated HDL3 effects on cholesterol-induced phenotypic changes in SMCs expressing or not ABCA1. METHODS SMCs, isolated from the aortae of wild-type (WT) and Abca1 knock-out (KO) mice, were cholesterol-loaded using a "water-soluble cholesterol''. RESULTS Cholesterol loading downregulates the expression of Acta2 and calponin (SMC markers), and increases the expression of Mac-2, CD11b and MHCII (inflammation-related genes and surface antigens) and Abca1, Abcg1. HDL3 normalizes SMC marker expression and reduces the expression of inflammation-related genes/proteins in WT cells, an effect not observed with free apoA-I. The effect of HDL3 is almost lost in Abca1 KO cells, as well as when Abca1 is silenced in WT SMC. HDL3 does not differently affect cholesterol downloading in WT or KO cells and stimulates phospholipids removal in WT cells. Similarly, the expression of myocardin and its modulators, such as miR-143/145, is reduced by cholesterol loading in WT and Abca1 KO SMCs; HDL3 normalizes their levels in WT cells but not in KO cells. On the contrary, cholesterol loading induces Klf4 expression while HDL3 restores Klf4 to basal levels in WT cells, but again this effect is not observed in KO cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that HDL3, by interacting with ABCA1, modulates the miR143/145-myocardin axis and prevents the cholesterol-induced gene expression modification in SMCs regardless of its cholesterol unloading capacity.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/deficiency
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Cell Transdifferentiation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Cholesterol, HDL/metabolism
- Female
- Foam Cells/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genotype
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Signal Transduction
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Castiglioni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Monti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Arnaboldi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Canavesi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuditta Ainis Buscherini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Corsini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Bellosta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
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90
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the growing obesity epidemic, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming one of the leading causes of liver disease worldwide. Although obesity is a main risk factor for the development of NAFLD, it can also develop in lean subjects and can be encountered in different clinical setting and in association with an array of genetic, metabolic, nutritional, infectious and drug-induced disorders. Areas covered: This article discusses causes of fatty liver in non-obese subjects focusing on Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LAL-D), a commonly overlooked disorder reviewing its prevalence, genetics, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment. It will also review other causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which can be encountered in the absence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Expert commentary: Although the prevalence of LAL-D has been estimated in the range of 1 in 40,000 and 1 in 300,000, this estimate is much more than the identified cases reported in the literature, which suggests that that the disease may be considerably under-diagnosed. There is a pressing need to educate clinicians about the disease, especially with the development of new promising therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan H A-Kader
- a Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics , The University of Arizona , Tucson , AZ , USA
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91
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epidemiological and clinical studies link low levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, genetic polymorphisms linked to HDL-C do not associate consistently with CVD risk, and randomized clinical studies of drugs that elevate HDL-C via different mechanisms failed to reduce CVD risk in statin-treated patients with established CVD. New metrics that capture HDL's proposed cardioprotective effects are therefore urgently needed. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies demonstrate cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of serum HDL (serum depleted of cholesterol-rich atherogenic lipoproteins) is an independent and better predictor of incident and prevalent CVD risk than HDL-C. However, it remains unclear whether therapies that increase CEC are cardioprotective. Other key issues are the impact of HDL-targeted therapies on HDL particle size and concentration and the relationship of those changes to CEC and cardioprotection. SUMMARY It is time to end the clinical focus on HDL-C and to understand how HDL's function, protein composition and size contribute to CVD risk. It will also be important to link variations in function and size to HDL-targeted therapies. Developing new metrics for quantifying HDL function, based on better understanding HDL metabolism and macrophage CEC, is critical for achieving these goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella E. Ronsein
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química,
Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jay W. Heinecke
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
98109
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92
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Tao F, Weinstock J, Venners SA, Cheng J, Hsu YH, Zou Y, Pan F, Jiang S, Zha X, Xu X. Associations of the ABCA1 and LPL Gene Polymorphisms With Lipid Levels in a Hyperlipidemic Population. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2017; 24:771-779. [PMID: 28891316 DOI: 10.1177/1076029617725601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the effects of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) I883M and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) HindIII polymorphisms on lipid levels in patients with hyperlipidemia. A total of 533 patients were enrolled. Serum lipid parameters were determined by an automatic biochemistry analyzer. Genotyping of the ABCA1 I883M and LPL HindIII was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the associations between serum lipid levels and the genetic polymorphisms. The frequency distribution of the ABCA1 I883M and LPL HindIII polymorphisms did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The major finding of our regression analysis showed that neither the ABCA1 I883M nor the LPL HindIII polymorphism was associated with baseline serum lipid levels in the total population. However, among patients with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (ALT ≥ 40 U/L), carriers of the M allele of the ABCA1 gene had lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, education level, occupation, and work intensity ( P < .05 for both). A test on interaction terms between the ABCA1 I833M polymorphism and ALT on HDL-C and LDL-C levels also remained significant ( P = .001 and P = .014, respectively). Our data suggest that there are significant interactive effects between ABCA1 I883M and ALT levels on HDL-C and LDL-C levels. However, the LPL HindIII polymorphism did not influence lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tao
- 1 School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Justin Weinstock
- 2 Department of Statistics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Scott A Venners
- 3 Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jun Cheng
- 1 School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-Hsiang Hsu
- 4 Institute for Aging Research, HSL and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,5 Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanfeng Zou
- 6 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Faming Pan
- 6 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shanqun Jiang
- 1 School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.,7 Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangdong Zha
- 1 School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiping Xu
- 8 Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA
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93
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Haerian BS, Haerian MS, Roohi A, Mehrad-Majd H. ABCA1 genetic polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. Meta Gene 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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94
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Pamir N, Hutchins PM, Ronsein GE, Wei H, Tang C, Das R, Vaisar T, Plow E, Schuster V, Koschinsky ML, Reardon CA, Weinberg R, Dichek DA, Marcovina S, Getz GS, Heinecke JW. Plasminogen promotes cholesterol efflux by the ABCA1 pathway. JCI Insight 2017; 2:92176. [PMID: 28768900 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Using genetic and biochemical approaches, we investigated proteins that regulate macrophage cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) and ABCA1-specific CEC (ABCA1 CEC), 2 functional assays that predict cardiovascular disease (CVD). Macrophage CEC and the concentration of HDL particles were markedly reduced in mice deficient in apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1) or apolipoprotein E (APOE) but not apolipoprotein A-IV (APOA4). ABCA1 CEC was markedly reduced in APOA1-deficient mice but was barely affected in mice deficient in APOE or APOA4. High-resolution size-exclusion chromatography of plasma produced 2 major peaks of ABCA1 CEC activity. The early-eluting peak, which coeluted with HDL, was markedly reduced in APOA1- or APOE-deficient mice. The late-eluting peak was modestly reduced in APOA1-deficient mice but little affected in APOE- or APOA4-deficient mice. Ion-exchange chromatography and shotgun proteomics suggested that plasminogen (PLG) accounted for a substantial fraction of the ABCA1 CEC activity in the peak not associated with HDL. Human PLG promoted cholesterol efflux by the ABCA1 pathway, and PLG-dependent efflux was inhibited by lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. Our observations identify APOA1, APOE, and PLG as key determinants of CEC. Because PLG and Lp(a) associate with human CVD risk, interplay among the proteins might affect atherosclerosis by regulating cholesterol efflux from macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Pamir
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Patrick M Hutchins
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Hao Wei
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Chongren Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Riku Das
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Tomas Vaisar
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Edward Plow
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Volker Schuster
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical Faculty of Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marlys L Koschinsky
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Richard Weinberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - David A Dichek
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Santica Marcovina
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Godfrey S Getz
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jay W Heinecke
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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95
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Czuba E, Steliga A, Lietzau G, Kowiański P. Cholesterol as a modifying agent of the neurovascular unit structure and function under physiological and pathological conditions. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:935-948. [PMID: 28432486 PMCID: PMC5504126 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The brain, demanding constant level of cholesterol, precisely controls its synthesis and homeostasis. The brain cholesterol pool is almost completely separated from the rest of the body by the functional blood-brain barrier (BBB). Only a part of cholesterol pool can be exchanged with the blood circulation in the form of the oxysterol metabolites such, as 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) and 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC). Not only neurons but also blood vessels and neuroglia, constituting neurovascular unit (NVU), are crucial for the brain cholesterol metabolism and undergo precise regulation by numerous modulators, metabolites and signal molecules. In physiological conditions maintaining the optimal cholesterol concentration is important for the energetic metabolism, composition of cell membranes and myelination. However, a growing body of evidence indicates the consequences of the cholesterol homeostasis dysregulation in several pathophysiological processes. There is a causal relationship between hypercholesterolemia and 1) development of type 2 diabetes due to long-term high-fat diet consumption, 2) significance of the oxidative stress consequences for cerebral amyloid angiopathy and neurodegenerative diseases, 3) insulin resistance on progression of the neurodegenerative brain diseases. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge concerning the cholesterol influence upon functioning of the NVU under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Czuba
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 1 Dębinki Str, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Steliga
- Department of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University of Słupsk, 64 Bohaterów Westerplatte Str, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Grażyna Lietzau
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 1 Dębinki Str, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Przemysław Kowiański
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 1 Dębinki Str, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University of Słupsk, 64 Bohaterów Westerplatte Str, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland
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96
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Rani J, Mittal I, Pramanik A, Singh N, Dube N, Sharma S, Puniya BL, Raghunandanan MV, Mobeen A, Ramachandran S. T2DiACoD: A Gene Atlas of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Associated Complex Disorders. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6892. [PMID: 28761062 PMCID: PMC5537262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed integrative analysis of genes associated with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) associated complications by automated text mining with manual curation and also gene expression analysis from Gene Expression Omnibus. They were analysed for pathogenic or protective role, trends, interaction with risk factors, Gene Ontology enrichment and tissue wise differential expression. The database T2DiACoD houses 650 genes, and 34 microRNAs associated with T2DM complications. Seven genes AGER, TNFRSF11B, CRK, PON1, ADIPOQ, CRP and NOS3 are associated with all 5 complications. Several genes are studied in multiple years in all complications with high proportion in cardiovascular (75.8%) and atherosclerosis (51.3%). T2DM Patients' skeletal muscle tissues showed high fold change in differentially expressed genes. Among the differentially expressed genes, VEGFA is associated with several complications of T2DM. A few genes ACE2, ADCYAP1, HDAC4, NCF1, NFE2L2, OSM, SMAD1, TGFB1, BDNF, SYVN1, TXNIP, CD36, CYP2J2, NLRP3 with details of protective role are catalogued. Obesity is clearly a dominant risk factor interacting with the genes of T2DM complications followed by inflammation, diet and stress to variable extents. This information emerging from the integrative approach used in this work could benefit further therapeutic approaches. The T2DiACoD is available at www.http://t2diacod.igib.res.in/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rani
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Inna Mittal
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Namita Singh
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Namita Dube
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Smriti Sharma
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Bhanwar Lal Puniya
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Muthukurussi Varieth Raghunandanan
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ahmed Mobeen
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IGIB South Campus, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Srinivasan Ramachandran
- G N Ramachandran Knowledge of Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Room No. 130, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110025, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-IGIB South Campus, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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97
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Reduced platelet count, but no major platelet function abnormalities, are associated with loss-of-function ATP-binding cassette-1 gene mutations. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017. [PMID: 28634189 DOI: 10.1042/cs20170195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations of the the ATP-binding cassette-1 (ABCA1) gene are the cause of Tangier disease (TD) in homozygous subjects and familial HDL deficiency (FHD) in heterozygous subjects. These disorders are characterized by reduced plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and altered efflux of cholesterol from cells. Previous studies in TD patients and ABCA1-/- murine models reported defects in platelet count, morphology, and function, but the issue is still controversial. We analyzed three subjects with low to very low HDL-C levels due to the loss-of-function mutations of the ABCA1 gene. Two related patients with FHD were heterozygous carriers of two mutations on the same ABCA1 allele; one, with TD, was homozygous for a different mutation. Mild to moderate thrombocytopenia was observed in all the patients. No morphological platelet abnormalities were detected under optical or EM. History of moderate bleeding tendency was recorded only in one of the FHD patients. Only limited alterations in platelet aggregation and activation of the integrin αIIbβ3 were observed in one FHD patient. While α-granule secretion (P-selectin), content, and secretion of platelet δ-granules (serotonin, ATP, and ADP) and thromboxane (TX) A2 synthesis were normal in all the patients, the expression of lysosomal CD63, in response to some agonists, was reduced in TD patients. In conclusion, three patients carrying ABCA1 genetic variants had low platelet count, with the lowest values observed in TD, not associated with major alterations in platelet morphology and response to agonists or bleeding.
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98
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Chithra PK, Jayalekshmy A, Helen A. Petroleum ether extract of Njavara rice (Oryza sativa) bran upregulates the JAK2-STAT3-mediated anti-inflammatory profile in macrophages and aortic endothelial cells promoting regression of atherosclerosis. Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 95:652-662. [PMID: 28700834 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2017-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
"Njavara" (Oryza sativa L.) is a unique rice variety grown in Kerala that is reported to have significantly higher antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, chemical indices, and bioactive components compared with staple rice varieties. However, the role of NBE in reversing the atherosclerosis development remains unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of NBE in promoting atherosclerotic regression. Male New Zealand white breed rabbits were divided into three groups. Group I was the control, group II was the regression control, and group III was NBE treated (100 mg/kg body mass). Serum and tissue lipids, CRP, antioxidant enzyme activities, mRNA, and protein expression of genes of RTC and mRNA expression of cytokines were studied. The current study showed that hypercholesterolemic rabbits treated with NBE decreased the serum and tissue lipids concentrations, ApoB expression, and CRP levels and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and PON1expression, JAK2, STAT3, ABCA1, and ApoA. Our results indicate that NBE attenuates proinflammatory cytokine production (IL-1β), enhanced expression and interactions of ABCA1/ApoA1 leading to JAK2/STAT3 activation in macrophages switching to an anti-inflammatory milieu in the system, and enhanced expression of IL-10 and decreased expression of ApoB, indicating that treatment with NBE facilitates plaque regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpan K Chithra
- a Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695581, India
| | - Ananthasankaran Jayalekshmy
- b Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Industrial Estate PO, Papanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695019, India
| | - Antony Helen
- a Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695581, India
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99
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Erwin AL. The role of sebelipase alfa in the treatment of lysosomal acid lipase deficiency. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2017; 10:553-562. [PMID: 28804516 PMCID: PMC5484437 DOI: 10.1177/1756283x17705775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LALD) is a lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) characterized either by infantile onset with fulminant clinical course and very poor prognosis or childhood/adult-onset disease with an attenuated phenotype. The disorder is often misdiagnosed or remains undiagnosed in children and adults due to a rather unspecific clinical presentation with dyslipidemia and steatohepatitis. Until recently, no good treatment options were available for LALD. Despite supportive and symptomatic therapies, death occurred before 1 year of age in patients with infantile-onset disease and patients with childhood/adult-onset LALD suffered from significant complications, such as liver cirrhosis, requiring liver transplantation and early-onset cardiovascular disease. With the recent approval of sebelipase alfa for clinical use in infantile- as well as childhood/adult-onset LALD, a new treatment era for this disorder has begun. Sebelipase alfa is a recombinant human lysosomal acid lipase (LAL), which is administered via the intravenous route. Clinical trials have shown significant improvement of disease parameters such as liver transaminases, hepatomegaly, and dyslipidemia in childhood/adult-onset LALD patients. Treatment of infants with the severe infantile-onset form of the disease has led to improved survival beyond the age of 1 year, and also showed improvement of hepatic and gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as growth. Overall, sebelipase alfa has a favorable safety profile and promises to be a good long-term treatment option for patients with LALD, with significant reduction of disease burden and increased life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika L. Erwin
- Center for Personalized Genomic Healthcare, Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, NE-50, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Yang DS, Stavrides P, Kumar A, Jiang Y, Mohan PS, Ohno M, Dobrenis K, Davidson CD, Saito M, Pawlik M, Huo C, Walkley SU, Nixon RA. Cyclodextrin has conflicting actions on autophagy flux in vivo in brains of normal and Alzheimer model mice. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:843-859. [PMID: 28062666 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CYCLO), a modifier of cholesterol efflux from cellular membrane and endo-lysosomal compartments, reduces lysosomal lipid accumulations and has therapeutic effects in animal models of Niemann-Pick disease type C and several other neurodegenerative states. Here, we investigated CYCLO effects on autophagy in wild-type mice and TgCRND8 mice-an Alzheimer's Disease (AD) model exhibiting β-amyloidosis, neuronal autophagy deficits leading to protein and lipid accumulation within greatly enlarged autolysosomes. A 14-day intracerebroventricular administration of CYCLO to 8-month-old TgCRND8 mice that exhibit moderately advanced neuropathology markedly diminished the sizes of enlarged autolysosomes and lowered their content of GM2 ganglioside and Aβ-immunoreactivity without detectably altering amyloid precursor protein processing or extracellular Aβ/β-amyloid burden. We identified two major actions of CYCLO on autophagy underlying amelioration of lysosomal pathology. First, CYCLO stimulated lysosomal proteolytic activity by increasing cathepsin D activity, levels of cathepsins B and D and two proteins known to interact with cathepsin D, NPC1 and ABCA1. Second, CYCLO impeded autophagosome-lysosome fusion as evidenced by the accumulation of LC3, SQSTM1/p62, and ubiquitinated substrates in an expanded population of autophagosomes in the absence of greater autophagy induction. By slowing substrate delivery to lysosomes, autophagosome maturational delay, as further confirmed by our in vitro studies, may relieve lysosomal stress due to accumulated substrates. These findings provide in vivo evidence for lysosomal enhancing properties of CYCLO, but caution that prolonged interference with cellular membrane fusion/autophagosome maturation could have unfavorable consequences, which might require careful optimization of dosage and dosing schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun-Sheng Yang
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Asok Kumar
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Jiang
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Panaiyur S Mohan
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Masuo Ohno
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kostantin Dobrenis
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Cristin D Davidson
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mitsuo Saito
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Steven U Walkley
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ralph A Nixon
- Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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