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Zafar F, Asif HM, Shaheen G, Ghauri AO, Rajpoot SR, Tasleem MW, Shamim T, Hadi F, Noor R, Ali T, Gulzar MN, Nazar H. A comprehensive review on medicinal plants possessing antioxidant potential. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:205-217. [PMID: 36479862 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many research studies have proposed that about two-thirds of the medicinal plant species of the world possess significant antioxidant potential. Antioxidants are very beneficial as they decrease oxidative stress (OS) in cells and hence play their role in management as well as treatment of numerous diseases like cancers, cardiovascular diseases, as well as many inflammatory illnesses. This review comprises the antioxidant potential of numerous parts of medicinal plants like leaves, stems, roots, seeds, fruits, as well as bark. Synthetic antioxidants named butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) as well as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are extensively employed in foods because of their role as food preservatives. Several natural antioxidants have better efficacy as compared to synthetic antioxidants. These medicinal plants include Geranium sanguineum L., Rheum ribes L., Diospyros abyssinica, Sargentodoxa cuneata Rehd. Et Wils, Pistacia lentiscus, Ficus microcarpa L. fil., Polyalthia cerasoides (Roxb.) Bedd, Cunn, Teucrium polium L., Crataeva nurvala Buch-Ham., Urtica dioica L., Dracocephalum moldavica L., Momordica Charantia L., Acacia auriculiformis A., Bidens pilosa Linn. The Lamiaceae species, Radiata, Leea indica, Pelargonium endlicherianum, Salvia officinalis L., and Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. The literature study disclosed more side effects of synthetic antioxidants (including food additives) in comparison with natural antioxidants and for prevention of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Zafar
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Asif
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Shaheen
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Aymen Owais Ghauri
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Rana Rajpoot
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Tahira Shamim
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Hadi
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Raessa Noor
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ali
- Faculty of Eastern Medicine and Natural Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Halima Nazar
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Pakistan
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Susila AV, Sai S, Sharma N, Balasubramaniam A, Veronica AK, Nivedhitha S. Can natural irrigants replace sodium hypochlorite? A systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:1831-1849. [PMID: 36808559 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sodium hypochlorite, a gold standard for irrigation in endodontics, has disadvantages like toxicity and root dentin weakening. Alternatives derived from natural products are being explored. AIMS This systematic review was done to understand the clinical benefits of natural irrigants when compared with a standard irrigant, sodium hypochlorite. SETTINGS AND DESIGN REGISTRATION This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (2018 CRD42018112837) METHODS AND MATERIAL: This review was done in conformation to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA 2020) statement. In vivo studies using at least one natural irrigant and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) were included. Studies using them as medicaments were excluded. PubMed, Cochrane and SCOPUS were searched. RevMan tool for Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) and risk-of-bias tool to assess non-randomized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) were used. GRADEpro was used to assess certainty of evidence. RESULTS Ten articles (6 RCTs and 4 clinical studies) on approximately 442 patients were included. Seven natural irrigants were evaluated clinically. Due to the heterogeneity, meta-analysis could not be conducted. Antimicrobial efficacy was found to be similar for castor oil, neem, garlic-lemon, noni, papaine and NaOCl. Neem, papaine-chloramine, neem-NaOCl and neem-CHX were superior, while propolis, miswak and garlic were inferior to NaOCl. Post-operative pain was less for neem. There was no significant difference between papaine-chloramine, garlic extract and sodium hypochlorite in clinical/radiographic success. CONCLUSIONS The studied natural irrigants are not more efficacious than NaOCl. At the moment, they cannot replace NaOCl routinely and may only substitute in select cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Venkatraman Susila
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Madha Dental College & Hospital, Somangalam, Kavanoor Road, Kundrathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600069, India.
| | - Shamini Sai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Madha Dental College & Hospital, Somangalam, Kavanoor Road, Kundrathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600069, India
| | - Nikita Sharma
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Masuri, NH 24, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arthi Balasubramaniam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aruna Kumari Veronica
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Madha Dental College & Hospital, Somangalam, Kavanoor Road, Kundrathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600069, India
| | - Sureshbabu Nivedhitha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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The Current Landscape of Bioactive Molecules against DENV: A Systematic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:2236210. [PMID: 36818227 PMCID: PMC9937760 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2236210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
With a 30-fold increase in incidence over the previous 50 years, dengue fever is now the most widespread viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes in the world. The intricate interaction of the human defense system, hereditary predisposition, and specific bitterness elements is more likely to be the pathogenesis of dengue. There are presently no viable treatments for dengue. Synthetic drugs which are used against this ailment also show major side effects. There must be a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanism generating severe symptoms to develop auguring markers, cutting-edge diagnostics, and treatments and finally a well-rounded and secure antiserum. Hence, the aim is to search for safer and more potent drugs derived from plants. Plants or herbs are mainly targeting replication or its enzyme or specific stereotypes, though an exact mechanism of phytoconstituents interfering with the viral replication is still undiscovered. The present attempt provided the update with the objective to bringing up forward pathophysiological eventualities involved in dengue virus along with the naturally derived treatment relevant to provide the impregnable therapy by evading the noxious symptoms for dengue fever. Governor's plum, Cryptocarya chartacea, magnolia berry, and Chinese ginger are such plants exhibiting many effective phytoconstituents against DENV and can be further explored for novel drug discovery by medicinal scientists.
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Chitosan nanocomposite film incorporating Nigella sativa oil, Azadirachta indica leaves’ extract, and silver nanoparticles. E-POLYMERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2022-8083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Nanocomposite films have been prepared from chitosan, cinnamaldehyde, Nigella sativa or blackseed oil, and silver nanoparticles (NPs) biosynthesized in Azadirachta indica or neem leaves’ extract. The methodology involved simple blending of components through “green chemistry” route. The films obtained were soft and foldable. The morphology by scanning electron microscopy confirmed the inclusion of NPs in the films. Microbial penetration study demonstrated that the films offered good resistance to secondary bacterial infection. The antibacterial study against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and E. coli (ATCC 25922) indicated moderate antibacterial behavior of the films. The swelling behavior in water, phosphate buffer saline, and simulated wound fluid was found to be appropriate for use as wound dressings. The films were biodegradable in soil and showed good thermal stability up to 200°C.
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Hemdan BA, Mostafa A, Elbatanony MM, El-Feky AM, Paunova-Krasteva T, Stoitsova S, El-Liethy MA, El-Taweel GE, Abu Mraheil M. Bioactive Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach leaves extracts with anti-SARS-CoV-2 and antibacterial activities. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282729. [PMID: 36888689 PMCID: PMC9994683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Azadirachta indica L. and Melia azedarach L., belonging to Meliaceae family, have been shown to have medicinal benefits and are extensively employed in traditional folk medicine. Herein, HPLC analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction of the total methanolic extract emphasized the enrichment of both A. indica L., and M. azedarach L. leaves extracts with phenolic and flavonoids composites, respectively. Besides, 4 limonoids and 2 flavonoids were isolated using column chromatography. By assessing the in vitro antiviral activities of both total leaves extracts against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it was found that A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. have robust anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities at low half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 8.451 and 6.922 μg/mL, respectively. Due to the high safety of A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. extracts with half-maximal cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) of 446.2 and 351.4 μg/ml, respectively, both displayed extraordinary selectivity indices (SI>50). A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. leaves extracts could induce antibacterial activities against both Gram-negative and positive bacterial strains. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. leaves extracts varied from 25 to 100 mg/mL within 30 min contact time towards the tested bacteria. Our findings confirm the broad-spectrum medicinal value of A. indica L. and M. azedarach L. leaves extracts. Finally, additional in vivo investigations are highly recommended to confirm the anti-COVID-19 and antimicrobial activities of both plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahaa A. Hemdan
- Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- * E-mail: (AM); (MAM)
| | | | - Amal M. El-Feky
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Stoyanka Stoitsova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mohamed Azab El-Liethy
- Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamila E. El-Taweel
- Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mobarak Abu Mraheil
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen Site, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- * E-mail: (AM); (MAM)
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Abdel-Gaber R, Hawsah MA, Al-Otaibi T, Alojayri G, Al-Shaebi EM, Mohammed OB, Elkhadragy MF, Al-Quraishy S, Dkhil MA. Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles to rescue coccidiosis-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in the jejunum of mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1139899. [PMID: 36875142 PMCID: PMC9982015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most crucial approaches for treating human diseases, particularly parasite infections, is nanomedicine. One of the most significant protozoan diseases that impact farm and domestic animals is coccidiosis. While, amprolium is one of the traditional anticoccidial medication, the advent of drug-resistant strains of Eimeria necessitates the development of novel treatments. The goal of the current investigation was to determine whether biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Bio-SeNPs) using Azadirachta indica leaves extract might treat mice with Eimeria papillata infection in the jejunal tissue. Five groups of seven mice each were used, as follows: Group 1: Non-infected-non-treated (negative control). Group 2: Non-infected treated group with Bio-SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg of body weight). Groups 3-5 were orally inoculated with 1×103 sporulated oocysts of E. papillata. Group 3: Infected-non-treated (positive control). Group 4: Infected and treated group with Bio-SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg). Group 5: Infected and treated group with the Amprolium. Groups 4 and 5 daily received oral administration (for 5 days) of Bio-SeNPs and anticoccidial medication, respectively, after infection. Bio-SeNPs caused a considerable reduction in oocyst output in mice feces (97.21%). This was also accompanied by a significant reduction in the number of developmental parasitic stages in the jejunal tissues. Glutathione reduced (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were dramatically reduced by the Eimeria parasite, whereas, nitric oxide (NO) and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels were markedly elevated. The amount of goblet cells and MUC2 gene expression were used as apoptotic indicators, and both were considerably downregulated by infection. However, infection markedly increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and the apoptotic genes (Caspase-3 and BCL2). Bio-SeNPs were administrated to mice to drastically lower body weight, oxidative stress, and inflammatory and apoptotic indicators in the jejunal tissue. Our research thus showed the involvement of Bio-SeNPs in protecting mice with E. papillata infections against jejunal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maysar Abu Hawsah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Al-Otaibi
- Department of Science and Technology, Al-Nairiyah University College, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Alojayri
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam M Al-Shaebi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama B Mohammed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal F Elkhadragy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Dkhil
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Rajasekharan R, Bahuleyan AK, Madhavan A, Philip E, Sindhu R, Binod P, Kumar Awasthi M, Pandey A. Neem extract-blended nanocellulose derived from jackfruit peel for antibacterial packagings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:8977-8986. [PMID: 35507222 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20382-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of jackfruit peel as a source for natural and fully biodegradable "nanocellulose" (NC) for the production of bioplastics with Azadirachta indica (A. indica) extracts and polyethylene glycol (PEG) for the antibacterial properties is investigated. The characterization of the biocomposite using FT-IR and WXRD was reported. The physicochemical properties including thickness, moisture content, water holding capacity, swelling, porosity, and biodegradability in soil were investigated. The incorporation of A. indica extract revealed an increased shelf life due to the strong antibacterial activity, and these biocomposites were degraded in soil within 60 days after the end use without any harm to the environment. Jackfruit-derived nanocellulose film blended with A. indica extract exhibited strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative food spoilage bacteria. Disc diffusion assay, live/dead assay, and CFU analysis confirmed the antibacterial property of the synthesized film. Moreover, the films clearly prevented the biofilm formation in bacteria. Thus, the developed bioplastics can be utilized as appropriate substitutes to food packaging materials and also for biomedical applications such as wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshmy Rajasekharan
- Department of Science and Humanities, Providence College of Engineering, Chengannur, 689 122, Kerala, India.
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara, 690 110, Kerala, India.
| | | | - Aravind Madhavan
- Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Eapen Philip
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara, 690 110, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, 691505, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712 100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226 029, India
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR- Indian Institute for Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), 31 MG Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India
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Ishabiyi FO, Ogidi JO, Olukade BA, Amorha CC, El-Sharkawy LY, Okolo CC, Adeniyi TM, Atasie NH, Ibrahim A, Balogun TA. Computational Evaluation of Azadirachta indica-Derived Bioactive Compounds as Potential Inhibitors of NLRP3 in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S67-S85. [PMID: 36683510 PMCID: PMC10473084 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of therapeutic agents against Alzheimer's disease (AD) has stalled recently. Drug candidates targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition have often failed clinical trials at different stages, prompting the search for novel targets for AD therapy. The NLRP3 inflammasome is an integral part of innate immunity, contributing to neuroinflammation and AD pathophysiology. Thus, it has become a promising new target for AD therapy. OBJECTIVE The study sought to investigate the potential of bioactive compounds derived from Azadirachta-indica to inhibit the NLRP3 protein implicated in the pathophysiology of AD. METHODS Structural bioinformatics via molecular docking and density functional theory (DFT) analysis was utilized for the identification of novel NLRP3 inhibitors from A. indica bioactive compounds. The compounds were further subjected to pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness analysis. Results obtained from the compounds were compared against that of oridonin, a known NLRP3 inhibitor. RESULTS The studied compounds optimally saturated the binding site of the NLRP3 NACHT domain, forming principal interactions with the different amino acids at its binding site. The studied compounds also demonstrated better bioactivity and chemical reactivity as ascertained by DFT analysis and all the compounds except 7-desacetyl-7-benzoylazadiradione, which had two violations, conformed to Lipinski's rule of five. CONCLUSION In silico studies show that A. indica derived compounds have better inhibitory potential against NLRP3 and better pharmacokinetic profiles when compared with the reference ligand (oridonin). These compounds are thus proposed as novel NLRP3 inhibitors for the treatment of AD. Further wet-lab studies are needed to confirm the potency of the studied compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Oluwasegun Ishabiyi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - James Okwudirichukwu Ogidi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Baliqis Adejoke Olukade
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Nigeria
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Chizoba Christabel Amorha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Lina Y. El-Sharkawy
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, United Kingdom
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Chukwuemeka Calistus Okolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Titilope Mary Adeniyi
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Nkechi Hope Atasie
- Nigerian Correctional Services, Enugu Custodial Center, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Abdulwasiu Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Drosophila Laboratory, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
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Kushwah S, Maurya NS, Kushwaha S, Scotti L, Chawade A, Mani A. Herbal Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease: Ancient Indian Medicine System from the Modern Viewpoint. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:764-776. [PMID: 36797613 PMCID: PMC10227917 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230216094353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's is a chronic neurodegenerative disease where amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are formed inside the brain. It is also characterized by progressive memory loss, depression, neuroinflammation, and derangement of other neurotransmitters. Due to its complex etiopathology, current drugs have failed to completely cure the disease. Natural compounds have been investigated as an alternative therapy for their ability to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Traditional herbs and formulations which are used in the Indian ayurvedic system are rich sources of antioxidant, anti-amyloidogenic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory compounds. They promote quality of life by improving cognitive memory and rejuvenating brain functioning through neurogenesis. A rich knowledge base of traditional herbal plants (Turmeric, Gingko, Ashwagandha, Shankhpushpi, Giloy, Gotu kola, Garlic, Tulsi, Ginger, and Cinnamon) combined with modern science could suggest new functional leads for Alzheimer's drug discovery. In this article Ayurveda, the ancient Indian herbal medicine system based on multiple clinical and experimental, evidence have been reviewed for treating AD and improving brain functioning. This article presents a modern perspective on the herbs available in the ancient Indian medicine system as well as their possible mechanisms of action for AD treatment. The main objective of this research is to provide a systematic review of herbal drugs that are easily accessible and effective for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Kushwah
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, 211004, India
| | - Neha Shree Maurya
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, 211004, India
| | | | - Luciana Scotti
- Federal University of Paraiba, Cidade Universittária, Joao Pessoa, BR 58102100, Brazil
| | - Aakash Chawade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ashutosh Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, 211004, India
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Ishaq R, Chand N, Khan RU, Saeed M, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V. Methanolic extract of neem ( Azadirachta indica) leaves mitigates experimentally induced coccidiosis challenge in Japanese quails. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2022.2096037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Ishaq
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Naila Chand
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Department of Poultry Science, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Vito Laudadio
- DETO – Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- DETO – Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, Italy
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Chandel S, Singh R, Gautam A, Ravichandiran V. Screening of Azadirachta indica phytoconstituents as GSK-3β inhibitor and its implication in neuroblastoma: molecular docking, molecular dynamics, MM-PBSA binding energy, and in-vitro study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:12827-12840. [PMID: 34569452 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1977705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), a constitutively active serine/threonine kinase, primary regulator of various cellular activities varying from glycogen metabolism to cell proliferation and regulation. GSK-3β is associated with the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorder, and Alzheimer's disease. In this study, Azadirachta indica compounds were selected and further screened on the BOILED-Egg model. The compounds showing good GIT absorption were docked with the crystal structure of GSK-3β. The compounds with high docking score were submitted for the molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) and Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA). Based upon the MDS and MM-PBSA study, gedunin showed the highest binding energy throughout the MDS process. Gedunin was isolated from the Azadirachta indica, and its efficacy on GSK-3β inhibition was studied in the human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. Gedunin induced apoptosis and anti-proliferative activity by arresting G2/M phase, as evident by cell-cycle analysis. From immunoblot study, gedunin significantly enhanced the expression of an inhibitory form of GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β Ser9) in concentration-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrate that gedunin may act as an effective GSK-3β inhibitor suggesting that this compound may be used for the management of neuroblastoma. Further preclinical and clinical investigation is desirable.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Chandel
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Rajveer Singh
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Anupam Gautam
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School "From Molecules to Organisms", Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
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Phytochemical-assisted Synthesis of Titania Nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica Leaf Extract as Photocatalyst in the Photodegradation of Methyl Orange. BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.17.4.15581.683-698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis procedure for nanomaterial preparation is a promising alternative due to its simplicity and environmental friendliness. In this work, TiO2 NPs were biosynthesized using the aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica. The influence of the extract volumes, solvents, and acetic acid on the properties of TiO2 NPs was studied. Phytochemical screening and ATR-FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds in the leaf extract. XRD patterns showed that the samples were mainly in the anatase phase. However, for the water-based samples and when 1 and 2 mL of extract volumes were used, anatase/brookite mixture was observed. FESEM images displayed almost spherical and agglomerated NPs. UV-Vis-NIR studies showed that the samples’ bandgaps values are within the range of anatase TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 NPs was evaluated in the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) under UV light irradiation. The water-based sample synthesized using 2 mL of the extract achieved 98.62% of MO degradation within 270 min and demonstrated the highest pseudo-first-order photodegradation kinetic constant of 0.0147 min-1. These results indicate that the use of the plant-based biosynthesis method with water as the solvent successfully produced TiO2 NPs with good physicochemical properties and photocatalytic activity in the photodegradation of organic dye. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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Ahmad Fauzi NS, Abd Rahim MH, Abdul Majid N, Othman R, Yaacob JS. Evaluation of the effect of jasmonic acid elicitation on composition of pigments and biological activities in green callus of neem (Azadirachta indica). FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1017398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out with the aim of determining the effects of jasmonic acid (JA) elicitation on the bioactive pigments' biosynthesis and the antioxidant activities in green callus of Azadirachta indica of two different ages (4- and 8-week-old). Plant tissue culture technique was employed to induce the formation of green callus from leaf explants of A. indica on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.6 mg/L thidiazuron (CM) and three different concentrations of JA (2, 4, and 6 mg/L). The methanolic extracts from the green callus were used for determination of total chlorophyll content (TCh), total carotenoid content (TC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) through colorimetric and HPLC analyses. The highest amount of yield was obtained from CM and 2 mg/L JA (2JA) extracts for 4- and 8-week-old samples, respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and terpenoids in all 4- and 8-week-old samples elicited with 2, 4 and 6 mg/L JA. The highest value for TAC, TCh, TC, TPC, and TFC of 4- and 8-week-old samples were from callus cultured on media supplemented with 6 mg/L JA (6JA) and 4 mg/L JA (4JA), respectively. The lowest IC50 values were found to be 8.29 ± 0.10 mg/mL (6JA) for 4-week-old and 7.73 ± 0.03 mg/mL (4JA) for 8-week-old samples. The highest Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) values obtained in this study were 90.60 ± 1.55 g/g (6JA), and 74.59 ± 3.91 g/g (4JA), respectively, for 4- and 8-week-old samples. Moreover, Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between TAC, TCh, TC, TPC, and TFC with ABTS and FRAP assays. In addition, PCA analysis revealed that 83.5% of the information (variances) contained in the data were retained by the first two principal components. Overall, these findings suggested that JA supplementation into the culture media significantly increase the chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, phenolic and flavonoid contents and JA concentrations at 6 mg/L JA and 4 mg/L JA yielded the highest pigments content in 4- and 8-weeks-old callus, respectively.
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Dhakal R, Dihingia A, Ahmed RS, Gupta DD, Sahu RK, Dutta P, Bharali P, Manna P, Sastry GN, Kalita J. Prophylactic and therapeutic potential of active phytoconstituents from
Amomum subulatum
Roxb. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Dhakal
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Anjum Dihingia
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
| | - Ruksana Sultana Ahmed
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Dipanneeta Das Gupta
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Ravi Kumar Sahu
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Prachurjya Dutta
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
| | - Pankaj Bharali
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Prasenjit Manna
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - G. Narahari Sastry
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Jatin Kalita
- Center for Infectious Diseases CSIR–North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
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Paunova-Krasteva T, Hemdan BA, Dimitrova PD, Damyanova T, El-Feky AM, Elbatanony MM, Stoitsova S, El-Liethy MA, El-Taweel GE, El Nahrawy AM. Hybrid Chitosan/CaO-Based Nanocomposites Doped with Plant Extracts from Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach: Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities. BIONANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-01047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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66
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Neem: A Novel Biocide for Pest and Disease Control of Plants. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6778554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts have recently captivated scientists’ attention as a potential source of biocide for plant protection. This is due to the health and environmental risks associated with the widespread use of synthetic chemicals with adverse effects on humans, nontarget organisms, and the agroecosystem. As a result, more environmentally friendly and safe alternative approaches to synthetic compounds are desirable. Neem (Azadirachta indica) has been identified as a promising biocontrol agent with low toxicity and high efficacy among several plant products for potential chemotherapeutic elements in plant pest and disease management systems. The biocidal potency of neem is attributed to its azadirachtin active ingredient, which impacts some metabolic processes in insects such as protein synthesis, changes in biological fitness, impaired sexual communication, and chitin synthesis. This systematic review intends to gather all the available scientific data regarding the application of neem and its formulations in pest and disease control of plants. The PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis) framework was employed in collecting data for the study. Findings from this review study have demonstrated the use of neem as an effective biocontrol agent for plants’ pests and diseases and have provided a solid foundation for future studies on the plant.
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67
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Sahoo A, Jena AK, Panda M. Experimental and clinical trial investigations of phyto-extracts, phyto-chemicals and phyto-formulations against oral lichen planus: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115591. [PMID: 35963418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bio-assay guided phytoextracts and derived phytoconstituents reported having multipotent biological activities and nearly 60-80% of the global population still using natural regimens as an alternative therapeutic source. This study focused on the ethnopharmacological and experimental evidence of natural remedies that are effective in treating oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic T-cell mediated autoimmune disease that is associated with oral cancer transmission. AIM OF THE REVIEW A number of studies have shown that antioxidants and antiinflammatory phytoextracts and phyto-constituents are effective against OLP. In this systematic review, we summarize the details of experimentally assessed ancient Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Indian Ayurveda or Ayurvedic Medicine, and Japanese Kampo Medicine (JKM) regimens (crude extracts, individual phytochemicals, and phyto-formulations) that reduce oral lesion, severity index and pain associated with OLP based on studies conducted in vivo, in vitro, and in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental, clinical and RCT investigation reports were gathered and presented according to PRISMA-2020 format. Briefly, the information was obtained from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley journal library, Scopus, Google Scholar with ClinicalTrials.gov (a clinical trial registry database operated by the National Library of Medicine in the United States). Further, individual phytochemical structures were verified from PubChem and ChemSpider databases and visualized by ChemDraw 18.0 software. RESULTS We summarized 11 crude phytoextracts, 7 individual phytochemicals, 9 crude formulations, 8 specific TCM and JKM herbal cocktails, and 6 RCTs/patents corroborated by multiple in vitro, in vivo and enzyme assay methods. Briefly, plants and their family name, used plant parts, reported phytochemicals and their chemical structure, treatment doses, and duration of each experiment were presented more concisely and scientifically. CONCLUSION Documentation of evidence-based natural ethnomedicines or remedies could be useful for promoting them as potential, cost-effective and less toxic alternatives or as complementary to commonly prescribed steroids towards the control of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaka Sahoo
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
| | - Ajaya K Jena
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Maitreyee Panda
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
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68
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Ulaeto SB, Mathew GM, Pancrecious JK, Rajimol P, Karun AS, Rajan T. Azadirachta indica (Neem) Self-healing Efficacy Assessment in Epoxy Primer Coatings: A Bio-responsive Strategy for Counteracting Corrosion. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Prajapati SK, Malaiya A, Mishra G, Jain D, Kesharwani P, Mody N, Ahmadi A, Paliwal R, Jain A. An exhaustive comprehension of the role of herbal medicines in Pre- and Post-COVID manifestations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115420. [PMID: 35654349 PMCID: PMC9150915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has relentlessly spread all over the world even after the advent of vaccines. It demands management, treatment, and prevention as well with utmost safety and effectiveness. It is well researched that herbal medicines or natural products have shown promising outcomes to strengthen immunity with antiviral potential against SARS-COV-2. AIM OF THE REVIEW Our objective is to provide a comprehensive insight into the preventive and therapeutic effects of herbal medicines and products (Ayurvedic) for pre-and post-COVID manifestations. MATERIAL AND METHOD The database used in the text is collected and compiled from Scopus, PubMed, Nature, Elsevier, Web of Science, bioRxiv, medRxiv, American Chemical Society, and clinicaltrials.gov up to January 2022. Articles from non-academic sources such as websites and news were also retrieved. Exploration of the studies was executed to recognize supplementary publications of research studies and systematic reviews. The keywords, such as "SARS-COV-2, coronavirus, COVID-19, herbal drugs, immunity, herbal immunomodulators, infection, herbal antiviral drugs, and WHO recommendation" were thoroughly searched. Chemical structures were drawn using the software Chemdraw Professional 15.0.0.160 (PerkinElmer Informatics, Inc.). RESULT A plethora of literature supports that the use of herbal regimens not only strengthen immunity but can also treat SARS-COV-2 infection with minimal side effects. This review summarizes the mechanistic insights into herbal therapy engaging interferons and antibodies to boost the response against SARS-COV-2 infection, several clinical trials, and in silico studies (computational approaches) on selected natural products including, Ashwagandha, Guduchi, Yashtimadhu, Tulsi, etc. as preventive and therapeutic measures against COVID. We have also emphasized the exploitation of herbal medicine-based pharmaceutical products along with perspectives for unseen upcoming alike diseases. CONCLUSION According to the current state of art and cutting-edge research on herbal medicines have showed a significant promise as modern COVID tools. Since vaccination cannot be purported as a long-term cure for viral infections, herbal/natural medicines can only be considered a viable alternative to current remedies, as conceived from our collected data to unroot recurring viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar Prajapati
- Institute of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida, 201310, UP, India
| | - Akanksha Malaiya
- Nanomedicine and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484886, MP, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Dolly Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Oriental University, Indore, 453555, Madhya Pradesh, India; Adina College of Pharmacy, Sagar, 470002, MP, India
| | - Payal Kesharwani
- Institute of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida, 201310, UP, India
| | - Nishi Mody
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, 470003, MP, India
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48175866, Iran
| | - Rishi Paliwal
- Nanomedicine and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484886, MP, India
| | - Ankit Jain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India.
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Clarence DD, Paudel KR, Manandhar B, Singh SK, Devkota HP, Panneerselvam J, Gupta V, Chitranshi N, Verma N, Saad S, Gupta G, Hansbro PM, Oliver BG, Madheswaran T, Dua K, Chellappan DK. Unravelling the Therapeutic Potential of Nano-Delivered Functional Foods in Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:3828. [PMID: 36145202 PMCID: PMC9503475 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract is one of the most concerning public health issues, as it can lead to chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), some of which are more detrimental than others. Chronic respiratory diseases include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, lung cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis. The conventional drug therapies for the management and treatment of CRDs only address the symptoms and fail to reverse or recover the chronic-inflammation-mediated structural and functional damage of the respiratory tract. In addition, the low efficacy and adverse effects of these drugs have directed the attention of researchers towards nutraceuticals in search of potential treatment strategies that can not only ameliorate CRD symptoms but also can repair and reverse inflammatory damage. Hence, there is a growing interest toward investigating the medicinal benefits of nutraceuticals, such as rutin, curcumin, zerumbone, and others. Nutraceuticals carry many nutritional and therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity properties, and usually do not have as many adverse effects, as they are naturally sourced. Recently, the use of nanoparticles has also been increasingly studied for the nano drug delivery of these nutraceuticals. The discrete size of nanoparticles holds great potential for the level of permeability that can be achieved when transporting these nutraceutical compounds. This review is aimed to provide an understanding of the use of nutraceuticals in combination with nanoparticles against CRDs and their mechanisms involved in slowing down or reversing the progression of CRDs by inhibiting pro-inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dvya Delilaa Clarence
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Bikash Manandhar
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
- Pharmacy Program, Gandaki University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal
| | - Jithendra Panneerselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nitin Verma
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Atal Nagar 174103, India
| | - Sonia Saad
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur 302017, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Philip Michael Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Brian Gregory Oliver
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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Rani N, Singla RK, Narwal S, Tanushree, Kumar N, Rahman MM. Medicinal Plants Used as an Alternative to Treat Gingivitis and Periodontitis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:2327641. [PMID: 37941972 PMCID: PMC10630018 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2327641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
For various ailments, natural remedies have been traditionally used. To defend against common disorders, medicinal plants are progressively used as nutritional supplements. Gingivitis and periodontitis are widespread and can affect most of the world's population. Gingivitis is a very common, nondestructive inflammatory disease of gums that causes redness and irritation of the gingiva (gums), but periodontitis causes permanent damage to teeth' subsidiary structures. Herbal medicines are getting popular for the treatment of such types of disorders due to being economical with their medicinal effectiveness, compatibility, and nontoxicity. Traditional chemical therapies can cause cell toxicity along with their disease-curing effects. In this article, we discussed the medicinal plants that can be used as an alternative for the treatment of gingivitis (early-stage gum disease) and periodontitis (chronic-stage gum disease).
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Rani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, HR, India
| | - Rajeev K. Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonia Narwal
- Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology, Pattikaliyana, Panipat, HR, India
| | - Tanushree
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, HR, India
| | - Nitish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, HR, India
| | - Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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Antiviral perspectives of economically important Indian medicinal plants and spices. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9422945 DOI: 10.1007/s43538-022-00099-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human respiratory diseases caused by viral infections leads to morbidity. Among infectious diseases, viral infections associated with the respiratory tract remain the primary reason for global deaths due to their transmissibility. Since immemorial, traditional Indian medicinal plants, their extracts, and several phytochemicals can treat various diseases. Sources for this review paper are data derived from a peer-reviewed journal that emphasizes the economic importance of medicinal plants. Several plant-based medicines have been reported to be effective against multiple viral infections, including the Human Adenovirus, Enterovirus, Influenza virus, Hepatitis virus, etc. This review emphasizes use of the Indian medicinal plants like as Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha, Winter Cherry), Moringa oleifera (Drumstick), Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Terminalia chebula (Chebulic Myrobalan), Punica granatum (Pomegranate) and the Indian household spices (ginger, garlic and black pepper). It further describes their secondary phytoconstituents extraction procedure, mode of action and the potential application to improve clinical outcomes of neutraceuticals against various viral infections.
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Nikolova G, Ananiev J, Ivanov V, Petkova-Parlapanska K, Georgieva E, Karamalakova Y. The Azadirachta indica (Neem) Seed Oil Reduced Chronic Redox-Homeostasis Imbalance in a Mice Experimental Model on Ochratoxine A-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1678. [PMID: 36139752 PMCID: PMC9495949 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver damage severity depends on both the dose and the exposure duration. Oxidative stress may increase the Ochratoxine-A (OTA) hepatotoxicity and many antioxidants may counteract toxic liver function. The present study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective potential of Azadirachta indicaA (A. indica; neem oil) seed oil to reduce acute oxidative disorders and residual OTA toxicity in a 28-day experimental model. The activity of antioxidant and hepatic enzymes, cytokines and the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers -MDA, GSPx, Hydroxiproline, GST, PCC, AGEs, PGC-1, and STIR-1 were analyzed by ELISA. The free radicals ROS and RNS levels were measured by EPR. The protective effects were studied in BALB/C mice treated with A. indica seed oil (170 mg/kg), alone and in combination with OTA (1.25 mg/kg), by gavage daily for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, mice treated with OTA showed changes in liver and antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative stress parameters in the liver and blood. A. indica oil significantly reduced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation compared to the OTA group. In addition, the hepatic histological evaluation showed significant adipose tissue accumulation in OTA-treated tissues, while treatment with 170 mg/kg A. indica oil showed moderate adipose tissue accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Nikolova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Julian Ananiev
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Deontology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Veselin Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Kamelia Petkova-Parlapanska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Georgieva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Yanka Karamalakova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Chew YL, Khor MA, Xu Z, Lee SK, Keng JW, Sang SH, Akowuah GA, Goh KW, Liew KB, Ming LC. Cassia alata, Coriandrum sativum, Curcuma longa and Azadirachta indica: Food Ingredients as Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Atopic Dermatitis-A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175475. [PMID: 36080243 PMCID: PMC9457827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine is critical in disease treatment and management. Herbs are gaining popularity for disease management and treatment. Therefore, they can be utilised as complementary and alternative treatment (CAT) ingredients. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the common non-communicable diseases. It is characterised by chronic inflammatory skin disease with intense pruritus and eczematous lesions. AD is associated with oxidative stress, microbial infection, and upregulation of inflammatory cytokines. Both children and adults could be affected by this skin disorder. The prevalence of AD is increasing along with the country’s level of development. This review revisited the literature on four medicinal herbs widely used as complementary medicine to manage AD. These therapeutic herbs are commonly eaten as food and used as spices in Asian cuisine. The four food herbs reviewed are Cassia alata, Coriandrum sativum, Curcuma longa Linn, and Azadirachta indica. Their traditional uses and phytochemical content will be covered. Four relevant pharmacological and biological activities of the plants crucial in AD management have been reviewed and discussed, including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant, and wound recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yik-Ling Chew
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +603-9101-8880; Fax: +603-9102-3606
| | - Mei-Ann Khor
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Zhao Xu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Sue-Kei Lee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jing-Wen Keng
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Sze-Huey Sang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | | | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71809, Malaysia
| | - Kai Bin Liew
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya 63000, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
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Dutt Y, Pandey RP, Dutt M, Gupta A, Vibhuti A, Samuel Raj V, Chang CM, Priyadarshini A. Synthesis and Biological Characterization of Phyto-Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles from Azadirachta indica. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered a lot of interest in sectors like medicine, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals for antibacterial catalytic properties, reduced toxicity, and easy production. Biological synthesis of silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) is considered as green, eco-friendly,
and cost-effective approach; therefore, Azadirachta indica extracts were utilized for a dual role of fabrication and functionalization of AgNPs. Optical and physical characterizations were achieved for confirming the biosynthesized AgNPs. SEM images detected quasi-spherical AgNPs of
44.04 to 66.50 nm. Some of potent phytochemicals like flavonoids and proteins from Azadirachta indica formed a strong coating or capping on the AgNPs without affecting their secondary structure by interacting with Ag+ and NPs for the formation of AgNPs. AgNPs exhibited strong
antibacterial activity (MIC 10 μg/ml) against multidrug-resistant bacteria Enterococcus faecalis; at different concentrations, no IC50 values were recorded for AgNPs as well as Azadirachta indica signifying low cytotoxicity in the exposed concentration range. The DNA
degradation activity of AgNPs through the TUNEL assay revealed no significant increase in the overall FITC mean fluorescence intensity as well as a DNA fragmentation index with 5.45% DNA damage (10 μg/ml AgNPs). Drug uptake of AgNPs was also investigated through a permeability assay
via Caco-2 cell lines at test concentrations where apparent permeability was detected as moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Dutt
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Ramendra Pati Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Mamta Dutt
- Mamta Dental Clinic, Opposite Sector 29, Main Badkhal Road, Faridabad, Haryana 121002, India
| | - Archana Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Arpana Vibhuti
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - V. Samuel Raj
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Chung-Ming Chang
- Master & Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist. Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Anjali Priyadarshini
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
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76
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Facile-synthesis and characterization of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles by using Arishta leaves assisted biological molecules and its antibacterial and antifungal activities. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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77
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Singh A, Chatterjee A, Rakshit S, Shanmugam G, Mohanty LM, Sarkar K. Neem Leaf Glycoprotein in immunoregulation of cancer. Hum Immunol 2022; 83:768-777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Altamish M, Khan M, Baig MS, Pathak B, Rani V, Akhtar J, Khan AA, Ahmad S, Krishnan A. Therapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plants against Dengue Infection: A Mechanistic Viewpoint. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:24048-24065. [PMID: 35874231 PMCID: PMC9301714 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is a tropical disease caused by the Dengue virus (DENV), a positive-sense, single stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae, which is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. The occurrence of dengue has grown dramatically around the globe in recent decades, and it is rapidly becoming a global burden. Furthermore, all four DENV serotypes cocirculate and create a problematic hyperendemic situation. Characteristic symptoms range from being asymptomatic, dengue fever to life-threatening complications such as hemorrhagic fever and shock. Apart from the inherent virulence of the virus strain, a dysregulated host immune response makes the condition worse. Currently, there is no highly recommended vaccine or therapeutic agent against dengue. With the advent of virus strains resistant to antiviral agents, there is a constant need for new therapies to be developed. Since time immemorial, human civilization has utilized plants in traditional medicine to treat various diseases, including infectious viral diseases. With the advancement in molecular biology, cell biology techniques, and bioinformatics, recent studies have tried to provide scientific evidence and determine the mechanism of anti-dengue activity of various plant extracts and plant-derived agents. The current Review consolidates the studies on the last 20 years of in vitro and in vivo experiments on the ethnomedicinal plants used against the dengue virus. Several active phytoconstituents like quercetin, castanospermine, α-mangostin, schisandrin-A, hirsutin have been found to be promising to inhibition of all the four DENV serotypes. However, novel therapeutics need to be reassessed in relevant cells using high-throughput techniques. Further, in vivo dose optimization for the immunomodulatory and antiviral activity should be examined on a vast sample size. Such a Review should help take the knowledge forward, validate it, and use medicinal plants in different combinations targeting multiple stages of virus infection for more effective multipronged therapy against dengue infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Altamish
- Department
of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Muzayyana Khan
- Bioactive
Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and
Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mirza Sarwar Baig
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences &
Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062 India
| | - Bharti Pathak
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences &
Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062 India
| | - Veena Rani
- Department
of SciencesIndira Gandhi National Open University
(IGNOU), New Delhi, 110068, India
| | - Jamal Akhtar
- Central
Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH, Government
of India, New Delhi, 110058, India
| | - A. Ali Khan
- Central
Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH, Government
of India, New Delhi, 110058, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive
Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and
Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences &
Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062 India
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Ansari P, Akther S, Hannan JMA, Seidel V, Nujat NJ, Abdel-Wahab YHA. Pharmacologically Active Phytomolecules Isolated from Traditional Antidiabetic Plants and Their Therapeutic Role for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134278. [PMID: 35807526 PMCID: PMC9268530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic complication that affects people of all ages. The increased prevalence of diabetes worldwide has led to the development of several synthetic drugs to tackle this health problem. Such drugs, although effective as antihyperglycemic agents, are accompanied by various side effects, costly, and inaccessible to the majority of people living in underdeveloped countries. Medicinal plants have been used traditionally throughout the ages to treat various ailments due to their availability and safe nature. Medicinal plants are a rich source of phytochemicals that possess several health benefits. As diabetes continues to become prevalent, health care practitioners are considering plant-based medicines as a potential source of antidiabetic drugs due to their high potency and fewer side effects. To better understand the mechanism of action of medicinal plants, their active phytoconstituents are being isolated and investigated thoroughly. In this review article, we have focused on pharmacologically active phytomolecules isolated from medicinal plants presenting antidiabetic activity and the role they play in the treatment and management of diabetes. These natural compounds may represent as good candidates for a novel therapeutic approach and/or effective and alternative therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prawej Ansari
- Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (S.A.); (J.M.A.H.); (N.J.N.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +880-1323-879720
| | - Samia Akther
- Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (S.A.); (J.M.A.H.); (N.J.N.)
| | - J. M. A. Hannan
- Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (S.A.); (J.M.A.H.); (N.J.N.)
| | - Veronique Seidel
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK;
| | - Nusrat Jahan Nujat
- Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (S.A.); (J.M.A.H.); (N.J.N.)
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80
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Manga B, VenkateswaraRao B, Sudeshnakopparapu, Balaji AS, Jadav SS, Ramalingam V, Babu KS. Design, synthesis and cytotoxic activity studies of alkyne linked analogues of Nimbolide. Fitoterapia 2022; 161:105246. [PMID: 35760229 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel nimbolide derivatives bearing various substitutions on 28th position was designed and synthesized using Sonogashira (2a-2p) and Glaser coupling (3a-3e) reactions. The synthesized derivatives were assessed for in vitro cytotoxic activity against four different human cancer cell lines (A549 cells, MCF-7 cells, MDA-MB-231 cells, and HCT15 cells) and normal cell line (HEK cells) using MTT assay. Among the screened derivatives, the compound 3a showed potent activity against A549 cells with IC50 value of 0.23 μM as comparing with parent molecule 1 (1.48 μM) and the standard drug doxorubicin (0.82 μM). As well, the flow cytometry analysis confirmed that the compounds 1 and 3a arrest the cell cycle progress at S phase and induce the early apoptosis in the lung cancer. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the compounds 1 and 3a downregulate the BcL2 expression and upregulates the Bax gene expression level in A549 cells. The strong binding affinity of the compounds 1 and 3a with BcL2 was also confirmed using molecular docking analysis. Together, the results suggested that the compound 3a is a promising anticancer agent against lung cancer is deserved for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Manga
- Centre for Natural Products & Traditional Knowledge, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - B VenkateswaraRao
- Centre for Natural Products & Traditional Knowledge, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sudeshnakopparapu
- Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Andugulapati Sai Balaji
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Surender Singh Jadav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Vaikundamoorthy Ramalingam
- Centre for Natural Products & Traditional Knowledge, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - K Suresh Babu
- Centre for Natural Products & Traditional Knowledge, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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81
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Wylie MR, Merrell DS. The Antimicrobial Potential of the Neem Tree Azadirachta indica. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:891535. [PMID: 35712721 PMCID: PMC9195866 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.891535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Azadirachta indica (A. Juss), also known as the neem tree, has been used for millennia as a traditional remedy for a multitude of human ailments. Also recognized around the world as a broad-spectrum pesticide and fertilizer, neem has applications in agriculture and beyond. Currently, the extensive antimicrobial activities of A. indica are being explored through research in the fields of dentistry, food safety, bacteriology, mycology, virology, and parasitology. Herein, some of the most recent studies that demonstrate the potential of neem as a previously untapped source of novel therapeutics are summarized as they relate to the aforementioned research topics. Additionally, the capacity of neem extracts and compounds to act against drug-resistant and biofilm-forming organisms, both of which represent large groups of pathogens for which there are limited treatment options, are highlighted. Updated information on the phytochemistry and safety of neem-derived products are discussed as well. Although there is a growing body of exciting evidence that supports the use of A. indica as an antimicrobial, additional studies are clearly needed to determine the specific mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and in vivo safety of neem as a treatment for human pathogens of interest. Moreover, the various ongoing studies and the diverse properties of neem discussed herein may serve as a guide for the discovery of new antimicrobials that may exist in other herbal panaceas across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina R Wylie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - D Scott Merrell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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82
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Shobana N, Prakash P, Samrot AV, Jane Cypriyana PJ, Kajal P, Sathiyasree M, Saigeetha S, Stalin Dhas T, Alex Anand D, Sabesan GS, Muthuvenkatachalam BS, Mohanty BK, Visvanathan S. Purification and Characterization of Gum-Derived Polysaccharides of Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica and Their Applications as Plant Stimulants and Bio-Pesticidal Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:3720. [PMID: 35744846 PMCID: PMC9230390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant gums are bio-organic substances that are derived from the barks of trees. They are biodegradable and non-adverse complex polysaccharides that have been gaining usage in recent years due to a number of advantages they contribute to various applications. In this study, gum was collected from Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica trees, then dried and powdered. Characterizations of gum polysaccharides were performed using TLC, GC-MS, NMR, etc., and sugar molecules such as glucose and xylose were found to be present. Effects of the gums on Abelmoschus esculentus growth were observed through root growth, shoot growth, and biomass content. The exposure of the seeds to the plant gums led to bio stimulation in the growth of the plants. Poor quality soil was exposed to the gum polysaccharide, where the polysaccharide was found to improve soil quality, which was observed through soil analysis and SEM analysis of soil porosity and structure. Furthermore, the plant gums were also found to have bio-pesticidal activity against mealybugs, which showed certain interstitial damage evident through histopathological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Shobana
- School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Sholinganallur, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai 600119, India; (N.S.); (P.J.J.C.); (P.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Pandurangan Prakash
- School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Sholinganallur, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai 600119, India; (N.S.); (P.J.J.C.); (P.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Antony V. Samrot
- School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jalan SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia
| | - P. J. Jane Cypriyana
- School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Sholinganallur, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai 600119, India; (N.S.); (P.J.J.C.); (P.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Purohit Kajal
- School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Sholinganallur, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai 600119, India; (N.S.); (P.J.J.C.); (P.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Mahendran Sathiyasree
- School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Sholinganallur, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai 600119, India; (N.S.); (P.J.J.C.); (P.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Subramanian Saigeetha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India;
| | - T. Stalin Dhas
- Centre for Ocean Research, MoES—Earth Science & Technology Cell, Col. Dr. Jeppiaar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India;
| | - D. Alex Anand
- School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Sholinganallur, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai 600119, India; (N.S.); (P.J.J.C.); (P.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Gokul Shankar Sabesan
- Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru, Melaka 75150, Malaysia; (G.S.S.); (B.K.M.)
| | | | - Basanta Kumar Mohanty
- Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Jalan Batu Hampar, Bukit Baru, Melaka 75150, Malaysia; (G.S.S.); (B.K.M.)
| | - Sridevi Visvanathan
- Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Batu 3 1/2, Jalan, Bukit Air Nasi, Bedong 08100, Malaysia; (B.S.M.); (S.V.)
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83
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Azadirachta indica (Neem) as a Potential Natural Active for Dermocosmetic and Topical Products: A Narrative Review. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Azadirachta indica (Neem) is a large tree that is native to India and is traditionally used due to its several properties, mainly to treat skin diseases, as well as its “herbicidal” activity. Its bark, leaves, seeds, fruits and flowers are widely used in medicinal treatment due to the presence of active secondary metabolites with biological effects, mainly limonoids and tetranortriterpenoids, such as azadirachtin. Thus, A. indica was studied in a variety of conditions, such as anticancer, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive agents, as well as a biopesticide. Furthermore, differentiated cell tissue in A. indica cultivation was reported to produce active metabolites for different purposes. However, only a few studies have been developed regarding its potential use in cosmetics. For instance, most studies explained the antimicrobial properties in health conditions, such as acne, dandruff and personal health care. Here, we summarized not only the most common cosmetic claims to treat acne but also mitigating other skin disorders related to inflammatory and oxidant processes in recent in vivo studies and patents to aid researchers and industrialists to select A. indica derivatives as novel cosmetic ingredients.
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84
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Green synthesized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for water treatment with alternative recyclability. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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85
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Altayb HN, Yassin NF, Hosawi S, Kazmi I. In-vitro and in-silico antibacterial activity of Azadirachta indica (Neem), methanolic extract, and identification of Beta.d-Mannofuranoside as a promising antibacterial agent. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:262. [PMID: 35610569 PMCID: PMC9131563 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03650-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance became the leading cause of death globally, resulting in an urgent need for the discovery of new, safe, and efficient antibacterial agents. Compounds derived from plants can provide an essential source of new types of antibiotics. A. indica (neem) plant is rich in antimicrobial phytoconstituents. Here, we used the sensitive and reliable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) approach, for the quantitative and quantitative determination of bioactive constituents in methanolic extract of neem leaves grown in Sudan. Subsequently, antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties were utilized using in silico tools. RESULTS The methanolic extract of neem leaves was found to have antibacterial activity against all pathogenic and reference strains. The lowest concentration reported with bacterial activity was 3.125%, which showed zones of inhibition of more than 10 mm on P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, Citrobacter spp., and E. coli, and 8 mm on Proteus spp., E. faecalis, S. epidermidis, and the pathogenic S. aureus. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 30 chemical compounds, including fatty acids (11), hydrocarbons (9), pyridine derivatives (2), aldehydes (2), phenol group (1), aromatic substances (1), coumarins (1), and monoterpenes (1). In silico and in vitro tools revealed that.beta.d-Mannofuranoside, O-geranyl was the most active compound on different bacterial proteins. It showed the best docking energy (-8 kcal/mol) and best stability with different bacterial essential proteins during molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. It also had a good minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (32 μg/ml and 64 μg/ml) against S. aureus (ATCC 25,923) and E. coli (ATCC 25,922) respectively. CONCLUSION The methanolic extract of A. indica leaves possessed strong antibacterial activity against different types of bacteria. Beta.d-Mannofuranoside, O-geranyl was the most active compound and it passed 5 rules of drug-likeness properties. It could therefore be further processed for animal testing and clinical trials for its possible use as an antibacterial agent with commercial values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham N Altayb
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nijood F Yassin
- Department Microbiology, College of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Salman Hosawi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Rani N. Monitoring of PAHs (Fluoranthene and Benzo(a)Anthracene) in Ambient Air of Ghaziabad Area of National Capital Region and Control of Air Pollution by Triveni Wood. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2067193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Rani
- G. L. Bajaj Institute of Tech and Management, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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87
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Reverse pharmacology of Nimbin-N2 attenuates alcoholic liver injury and promotes the hepatoprotective dual role of improving lipid metabolism and downregulating the levels of inflammatory cytokines in zebrafish larval model. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2387-2401. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Evaluation of Bacterial Perpetuation Assays and Plant Biomolecules Antimicrobial Activity against Cotton Blight Bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. malvacearum; An Alternative Source for Food Production and Protection. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11101278. [PMID: 35631704 PMCID: PMC9147663 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is a global cash crop which has gained importance in earning foreign exchange for each country. Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonascitri subsp. malvacearum (Xcm) has been a seriousdisease in Pakistan’s cotton belt on multiple occasions. Bacterium was isolated and identified through various biochemical and diagnostic tests wherehypersensitivity reaction, Gram staining, KOH (potassium hydroxide), catalase, starch hydrolysis, lecithinase and Tween 80 hydrolysis tests confirmed bacterium as Gram-negative and plant pathogenic. Xcm perpetuation assays wereevaluated on various cotton varieties under glasshouse conditions in completely randomized design by three different methods, wherein the scratch method proved to be the best upon CIM-496 and showed 83.33% disease incidence as compared with the other two methods, where Bt-3701 responded with 53.33% incidence via the spray gun method, and 50% with the water splash method on CIM-616, as compared with the control. Similarly, for disease severity percentage, Bt-3701 was pragmatic with 47.21% through scratch method, whereas, in the spray gun method, 45.51% disease severity was noted upon Bt-802, and 31.27% was calculated on Cyto-179 through the water splash method. Owing to the unique antibacterial properties of aqueous plant extracts, the poison food technique showed Aloe vera, Mentha piperita, Syzygiumcumini and Azadirachta indica with 17.77, 29.33, 18.33 and 20.22 bacterial colonies counted on nutrient agarmedium petri plate, respectively, as compared with the control. Measurement of the inhibition zone by disk diffusion technique showed Mentha piperita, Syzygiumcumini, Citrus limon, Moringa oleifera and Syzygium aromaticum to present the most promising results by calculating the maximum diameter of the inhibition zone, viz., 8.58, 8.55, 8.52, 8.49 and 8.41 (mm), respectively, at the highest tested concentration (75 ppm, parts per million) compared with the control. It is probable that the decoction’s interaction with the pathogen population on the host plant will need to be considered in future experiments. However, at this moment, more research into the effective management of cotton bacterial blight by plant extracts in terms of concentration determination and development of biopesticides will provide future avenues to avoid environmental pollution.
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Ram AK, Vairappan B, Srinivas BH. Nimbolide attenuates gut dysbiosis and prevents bacterial translocation by improving intestinal barrier integrity and ameliorating inflammation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2143-2160. [PMID: 35229912 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota imbalance plays a key pathological role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression; however, the mechanism is poorly understood. We previously showed nimbolide impede tumor development by improving hepatic tight junction (TJ) proteins expression and attenuating inflammation in HCC mice. Here, we aimed to study the role of nimbolide in regulating gut microbiota imbalance and bacterial translocation (BT) through modulating intestinal TJ proteins in an experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. Nimbolide (6 mg/kg) was administered orally for 4 weeks following induction of HCC in mice at the 28th week. Nimbolide treatment attenuated the gut microbiota imbalance by decreasing 16 s rRNA levels of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Bacteroides and increasing Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus in the intestinal tissue, which was otherwise altered in HCC mice. Furthermore, nimbolide improved intestinal barrier integrity in HCC mice by upregulating TJ proteins such as occludin and ZO-1 expression and subsequently prevented hepatic BT and decreased BT markers such as LBP, sCD14, and procalcitonin in the plasma of HCC mice. Moreover, nimbolide ameliorated intestinal and hepatic inflammation by downregulating TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB protein expression in HCC mice. Thus, nimbolide represents a novel therapeutic drug for HCC treatment by targeting the gut-liver axis, which plays an imperative role in HCC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Ram
- Liver Diseases Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| | - Balasubramaniyan Vairappan
- Liver Diseases Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| | - Bheemanathi Hanuman Srinivas
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
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Raissa R, Riawan W, Safitri A, Masruri M, Beltran MAG, Aulanniam A. In vitro and in vivo study: Ethanolic extract leaves of Azadirachta indica Juss. variant of Indonesia and Philippines suppresses tumor growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling. F1000Res 2022; 11:477. [PMID: 37829248 PMCID: PMC10565427 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.109557.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Azadirachta indica Juss. has been shown to suppress cancer progression through a variety of mechanisms. In order to treat cancer progression, cancer immunotherapy is used to stimulate the immune system where immunosuppression is present in tumor microenvironments. Many cancer cells produce a lot of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and signal transducer activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). STAT3 plays a key role in suppressing the expression of critical immune activation regulators. IL-6-mediated STAT3 activation is common in the tumor microenvironment. Inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway has become a therapeutic option for cancer progression. As vimentin is also expressed in hepatic stellate cells boosting cancer survival. We focused on the precise effect of extract from leaves of Azadirachta indica Juss, on inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling cascade on hepatocellular carcinoma by in vitro and in vivo study. Methods: In the in vitro study, the effect of Azadirachta indica Juss. variant Indonesia and Philippines against the expression of IL-6 and STAT3 was examined in liver cancer cell line. In the in vivo study, 24 male rats ( Rattus norvegicus) strain Wistar were induced by diethylnitrosamine and carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4). Based on the therapy given, the groups were divided into negative control, positive control, Indonesia extract, and Philippine extract. Expression of IL-6, STAT3, and vimentin were tested using immunohistochemistry staining. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, which was then followed by the Tukey test. Results: Statistically significant difference in IL-6 and STAT3 was observed between the treatment groups and positive control group by in vitro study and in vivo study. Generally, there is no significant difference between treatment using Indonesian and Philippine leaves. Conclusion: Both therapy doses of Azadirachta indica variant in Indonesia and Philippines were able to reduce IL-6, STAT3 and vimentin expression of hepatocellular carcinoma cell by in vitro and in vivo experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricadonna Raissa
- Doctoral Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Wibi Riawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Anna Safitri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
- Research Center for Smart Molecules of Natural Genetic Resources (SMONAGENES), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Masruri Masruri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Aulanniam Aulanniam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
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Vavilala P, Deo A, Prakash D, Tiwari M, Aggarwal V. Antifungal Role of Common Indian Spices & Herbs: A Narrative Review. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401318666220328103029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
A large variety of spices can be found in kitchens worldwide. The usage varies from region to region as per the cuisine. They hold nutritional values and are being exploited for their anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory properties. This study highlights some of the commonly used Indian spices for their antifungal properties and summarizes their potential antifungal activity. Fungal diseases are deep-rooted and cause acute/chronic infections in humans, mainly Aspergillus and Candida species. As the tropical climate provides a breeding ground for fungal infections, such regions share a huge load of mycoses. Various spices have been shown to be effective against treating fungal diseases. The current study focuses on the potential anti-fungal role of the spices and reviews the current literature on the possible mechanism of action of the active compounds of these spices concerning the commonly used antifungal drugs. The spices consist of essential oils that work by inhibition mycotoxin biosynthesis, or disrupting and inhibiting cell wall formation and inhibiting efflux pumps and are comparable to the currently available antifungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratyusha Vavilala
- Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied sciences, University of Delhi, Vasundhara enclave, New Delhi-110096, India
| | - Aayushi Deo
- Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied sciences, University of Delhi, Vasundhara enclave, New Delhi-110096, India
| | - Divya Prakash
- Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied sciences, University of Delhi, Vasundhara enclave, New Delhi-110096, India
| | - Muskan Tiwari
- Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied sciences, University of Delhi, Vasundhara enclave, New Delhi-110096, India
| | - Vibhuti Aggarwal
- Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied sciences, University of Delhi, Vasundhara enclave, New Delhi-110096, India
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Akhtar MA. Anti-Inflammatory Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh—A Pharmacological Evaluation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:809324. [PMID: 35401207 PMCID: PMC8987533 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.809324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are considered major threats to human health worldwide. In Bangladesh, a number of medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine from time immemorial in the treatment of diverse diseases, including inflammatory disorders. This assignment aims at providing the status of the medicinal plants of Bangladesh which are traditionally used in the management of inflammatory disorders and are investigated for their anti-inflammatory prospects using different preclinical studies and future research directions. The information of medicinal plants assembled in this review was obtained from a literature search of electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect up to December, 2020 from publications on plants investigated for their anti-inflammatory activities, in which the place of plant sample collection was identified as Bangladesh. Keywords for primary searches were “anti-inflammatory,” “Bangladeshi,” and “medicinal plants.” Criteria followed to include plant species were plants that showed significant anti-inflammatory activities in 1) two or more sets of experiments in a single report, 2) same or different sets of experiments in two or more reports, and, 3) plants which are traditionally used in the treatment of inflammation and inflammatory disorders. In this study, 48 species of medicinal plants have been reviewed which have been used in traditional healing practices to manage inflammatory disorders in Bangladesh. The mechanistic pathways of the in vivo and in vitro study models used for the evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties of plant samples have been discussed. Selected plants were described in further detail for their habitat, anti-inflammatory studies conducted in countries other than Bangladesh, and anti-inflammatory active constituents isolated from these plants if any. Medicinal plants of Bangladesh have immense significance for anti-inflammatory activity and have potential to contribute toward the discovery and development of novel therapeutic approaches to combat diseases associated with inflammation. However, the plants reviewed in this article had chiefly undergone preliminary screening and require substantial investigations including identification of active molecules, understanding the mechanism of action, and evaluation for safety and efficacy to be followed by the formulation of safe and effective drug products.
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Home-Based Remedies to Prevent COVID-19-Associated Risk of Infection, Admission, Severe Disease, and Death: A Nested Case-Control Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4559897. [PMID: 35310036 PMCID: PMC8927972 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4559897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed at determining the various types of home-based remedies, mode of administration, prevalence of use, and their relevance in reducing the risk of infection, hospital admission, severe disease, and death. Methods The study design is an open cohort of all participants who presented for testing for COVID-19 at the Infectious Disease Treatment Centre (Tamale) and were followed up for a period of six weeks. A nested case-control study was designed. Numerical data were analysed using STATA version 14, and qualitative data were thematically analysed. Results A total of 882 participants made up of 358 (40.6%) cases and 524 (59.4%) unmatched controls took part in the study. The prevalence of usage of home-based remedies to prevent COVID-19 was 29.6% (n = 261). These include drinks (34.1% (n = 100)), changes in eating habits/food (33.8% (n = 99)), physical exercise (18.8% (n = 55)), steam inhalation (9.9% (n = 29)), herbal baths (2.7% (n = 8)), and gurgle (0.7 (n = 2)). Participants who practiced any form of home-based therapy were protected from SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 0.28 (0.20-0.39)), severe/critical COVID-19 (OR = 0.15 (0.05-0.48)), hospital admission (OR = 0.15 (0.06-0.38)), and death (OR = 0.31 (0.07-1.38)). Analysis of the various subgroups of the home-based therapies, however, demonstrated that not all the home-based remedies were effective. Steam inhalation and herbal baths were associated with 26.6 (95% CI = 6.10-116.24) and 2.7 (95% CI = 0.49-14.78) times increased risk of infection, respectively. However, change in diet (AOR = 0.01 (0.00-0.13)) and physical exercise (AOR = 0.02 (0.00-0.26)) remained significantly associated with a reduced risk of infection. We described results of thematic content analysis regarding the common ingredients in the drinks, diets, and other home-based methods administered. Conclusion Almost a third of persons presenting for COVID-19 test were involved in some form of home-based remedy to prevent COVID-19. Steam inhalation and herbal baths increased risk of COVID-19 infection, while physical exercise and dietary changes were protective against COVID-19 infection and hospital admission. Future protocols might consider inclusion of physical activity and dietary changes based on demonstrated health gains.
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Taiwo AM, Oladotun OR, Gbadebo AM, Alegbeleye WO, Hassan TM. Nutrient enhancement potentials of moringa (Moringa oleifera), neem (Azadirachta indica), and pawpaw (Carica papaya) fortified composts in contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:237. [PMID: 35235049 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the nutrient enhancement potentials of moringa (Moringa oleifera), neem (Azadirachta indica), and pawpaw (Carica papaya) fortified composts in contaminated soils. The composts were formulated from poultry manure; leaves of moringa, neem, and pawpaw; and sawdust for a period of 8 weeks. Contaminated soil samples were collected from a dumpsite in Abeokuta, Ogun State. The contaminated soils were treated with the stabilized composts for a period of 4 weeks. Castor oil plants were introduced to assess the nutrient quality of the composts. Soil and compost parameters (pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), C/N ratio, P, K, Na, Mg, and Ca) were determined using the standard procedures. Data collected were evaluated for simple descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed non-significance (p > 0.05) of C/N ratios that ranged between 12.75 ± 2.43 and 12.96 ± 1.49. The pH values of moringa- and neem-fortified composts were slightly acidic, while the pawpaw-formulated compost was slightly alkaline. The levels of TN and OC were three times higher in moringa- and pawpaw-fortified composts than in the neem compost. Introduction of the composts to the contaminated soils decreased the soil pH but increased the nutrient quality parameters such as TN (33-50%), OC (56-77%), P (7-20%), Na (89-91%), K (12-25%), and Mg (10-13%). The three compost types increased the physiological properties of the castor oil plants. The study indicated the promising potentials of the three composts for nutrient enhancement of soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Matthew Taiwo
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Oluwafunmbi Rebecca Oladotun
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Adewole Michael Gbadebo
- Department of Geology, Federal University of Agriculture, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Wilfred Oluwasegun Alegbeleye
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Federal University of Agriculture, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Tunde M Hassan
- Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi (FIIRO), Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
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Partially Purified Leaf Fractions of Azadirachta indica Inhibit Trypanosome Alternative Oxidase and Exert Antitrypanosomal Effects on Trypanosoma congolense. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:120-129. [PMID: 34156634 PMCID: PMC8217781 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00437-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Trypanosomiasis is a neglected disease of humans and livestock caused by single-celled flagellated haemo-protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. Purpose Widespread resistance to trypanocidal drugs creates urgent need for new, more effective drugs with potential to inhibit important trypanosome molecular targets. Methods Nine column chromatographic, partially purified leaf fractions of Azadirachta indica (AIF) were subjected to trypanosome alternative oxidase (TAO) inhibition assay using ubiquinol oxidase assay. The potent TAO inhibitors were evaluated for trypanocidal activities against T. congolense in rat model using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays. Complete cessation or reduction in parasite motility was scored from 0 (no parasite) to 6 (greater than or equal to 6 × 107 trypanosomes/milliliter of blood), and was used to evaluate the efficacy of in vitro treatments. Results Only AIF1, AIF2, and AIF5 significantly inhibited TAO. AIF1 and AIF5 produced significant, dose-dependent suppression of parasite motility reaching score zero within 1 h with EC50 of 0.005 and 0.004 µg/µL, respectively, while trypanosome-laden blood was still at score six with an EC50 of 44,086 µg/µL. Mice inoculated with the concentrations at scores 0 and 1 (1–2 moribund parasites) at the end of the experiment did not develop parasitaemia. The two fractions significantly (p < 0.05) lowered parasite burden, with the AIF5 exhibiting highest in vivo trypanocidal effects. Packed cell volume was significantly higher in AIF1 (p < 0.05) and AIF5 (p < 0.001) groups compared to DMSO-treated group. Only AIF5 significantly (p < 0.05) lowered malondialdehyde. Conclusion AIF1 and AIF5 offer prospects for the discovery of TAO inhibitor(s).
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Naz H, Aisha Akram N, Ashraf M, Ingo Hefft D, Latief Jan B. Leaf extract of neem ( Azadirachta indica) alleviates adverse effects of drought in quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) plants through alterations in biochemical attributes and antioxidants. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1367-1374. [PMID: 35280556 PMCID: PMC8913546 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of varying concentrations (0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 10 % v/v) of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract on drought stressed (40 % field capacity) quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) plants was assessed. During the current study two cultivars of quinoa (V7 and V9) were used. This study revealed that water stress adversely affects the fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots as well as chlorophyll pigments (a and b) of both quinoa cultivars. In contrast, drought stress enhanced glycinebetaine (GB), free proline, phenolic content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) enzymes, and relative membrane permeability (RMP). However, application of neem leaf extract improved the accumulation of key osmoprotectants like proline, GB and activities of enzymatic antioxidants. Our findings showed 5 % neem leaf extract is an effective treatment in counteracting the oxidative damage caused by water stress, thereby improving overall plant growth. Of both cultivars of quinoa, the response of cv. V9 to stress as well as foliar applied neem was relatively more promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Naz
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nudrat Aisha Akram
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Daniel Ingo Hefft
- University Centre Reaseheath, Food and Agricultural Sciences, Reaseheath College, Nantwich CW5 6DF, UK
| | - Basit Latief Jan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Anxiolytic and antidepressant-like activities of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. flower in the stressed rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08881. [PMID: 35198760 PMCID: PMC8844689 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether an aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (A. indica) flower had anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects in the stressed rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to one of two experimental groups: control or stress. The stress groups were received restraint stress for 3 h. The stressed rats were administered a vehicle, diazepam, fluoxetine, and A. indica at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg BW for 30 days. The elevated plus-maze test (EPMT), the forced swimming test (FST), and the open field test (OFT) were used to assess anxiolytic and antidepressant-like behaviors. In the EPMT, the percentage of the number of open arm entries and the duration spent in open arms were measured. These measurements were considerably enhanced in the stressed rats treated with diazepam and A. indica flower extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg BW. Furthermore, the stressed rats given fluoxetine and A. indica flower extract at all doses employed in this study showed a significant reduction in the amount of time the rats were immobilized in the FST. However, there was no significant difference in spontaneous locomotor activity between any of the groups. Additionally, the stressed rats treated with either positive control medications or A. indica flower extract exhibited significantly higher brain dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) levels, but lower blood cortisol levels as compared to the stressed rats treated with vehicle. Moreover, A. indica flower extract had no harmful effect on the stressed rats’ liver tissue.
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Quercetin loaded cosm-nutraceutical electrospun composite nanofibers for acne alleviation: Preparation, characterization and experimental clinical appraisal. Int J Pharm 2022; 612:121309. [PMID: 34801653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In the cosmeceutical field, it is essential to develop topical delivery systems which would allow drugs to create a depot and permeate within the skin. The aim of the present study was to develop composite nanofibers of polyvinyl alcohol/quercetin/essential oils using the electrospinning technique, and assess their efficiency in acne alleviation. Quercetin was chosen due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and antibacterial activities. Nanofibers were characterized for their morphology, ex-vivo deposition/permeation, physical/mechanical integrity, thermal properties, and chemical characteristics. In addition, the anti-bacterial efficacy was tested on Propionibacterium acne (P. acne), and a cytotoxicity assay was carried out. Lastly, an experimental clinical trial was conducted on acne patients, where the percentage reduction of inflammatory, non-inflammatory and total acne lesions was taken as evaluation criterion. Results showed that quercetin was successfully loaded into the nanofibers which were homogenously dispersed. They showed a reasonable skin deposition percentage of 28.24% ± 0.012, a significantly higher antibacterial efficacy against Propionibacterium acne than quercetin alone, and were utterly safe on skin fibroblastic cells. Upon clinical examination on acne patients, the nanofibers showed 61.2%, 14.7%, and 52.9% reduction of inflammatory, comedonal, and total acne lesions respectively, suggesting a promising topical anti-acne delivery system.
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Joshi FP. Krimighna (anthelmintic) role of Neem Oil (medicated oil of Azadirachta indica Linn.) and adjuvant Ayurvedic therapies in the management of anal myiasis: A case report. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2022; 13:100661. [PMID: 36399960 PMCID: PMC9673100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2022.100661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myiasis is an uncommon pathology of parasitic infestation in live mammals by fly larvae (maggots). The fly grows and gets nourished by invading host tissue. Epidemiology of Myiasis has been recorded in tropical regions of world. No any documentation has been found on Ayurvedic intervention for anal myiasis management. The study is about a 49-year male having anal myiasis along and interno-external piles together. The case was managed by local application of Neem oil (Medicated oil of Azadirachta indica Linn.) soaked gauze piece once a day on daily bases in the invaded tissues of myiasis along with Ksharasutra ligation in the base of pile mass once during the treatment protocol. Internal medicines like Pippali (Piper longum Linn.), Erand Bhrisht Haritaki (Terminalia chebula Retz. roasted with castor oil) and Vidanga (Embelica ribes Burm. f.) were prescribed along with the local management during the course of the treatment. The case was completely cured and was relieved in 29 days. Neem oil revealed Krimighna (anthelmintic) effect which helped in tissue debridement and enhanced wound healing. Neem oil remains less irritant on local application and also gives soothing effect and kills the maggots as well.
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K. Chaitanya NS, Chikte D, Ramya K, Yadav S, Pravallika C, Vardhini S, Priya B, Keerthana B, Fathima A. Antifungal efficacy of different extracts of neem and turmeric on candida species – An in vitro analysis. INDIAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/ijds.ijds_52_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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