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Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 8520=4918-- wjtc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 2315=dbms_pipe.receive_message(chr(100)||chr(120)||chr(98)||chr(72),5)-- yhhg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 6041=(select 6041 from pg_sleep(5))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null,null,null,null,null-- fzfr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 6523=6523-- siki] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 waitfor delay '0:0:5'] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 waitfor delay '0:0:5'-- jxwo] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and sleep(5)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and (select 2086 from(select count(*),concat(0x7170627671,(select (elt(2086=2086,1))),0x71766a7671,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.character_sets group by x)a)-- ppml] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 6041=(select 6041 from pg_sleep(5))-- herh] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null-- vapp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 6523=6523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null-- mvdf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null,null-- fjky] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 9167=7640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and (select 2086 from(select count(*),concat(0x7170627671,(select (elt(2086=2086,1))),0x71766a7671,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.character_sets group by x)a)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null-- uwyg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 2315=dbms_pipe.receive_message(chr(100)||chr(120)||chr(98)||chr(72),5)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and sleep(5)-- duzb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null-- cyim] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 order by 1-- sjme] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 and 4117=cast((chr(113)||chr(112)||chr(98)||chr(118)||chr(113))||(select (case when (4117=4117) then 1 else 0 end))::text||(chr(113)||chr(118)||chr(106)||chr(118)||chr(113)) as numeric)-- ovcz] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Rotimi OA, Rotimi SO, Duru CU, Ebebeinwe OJ, Abiodun AO, Oyeniyi BO, Faduyile FA. Acute aflatoxin B1 – Induced hepatotoxicity alters gene expression and disrupts lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rats. Toxicol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.006 union all select null,null,null-- wfxj] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Mo ZC, Ren K, Liu X, Tang ZL, Yi GH. A high-density lipoprotein-mediated drug delivery system. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 106:132-147. [PMID: 27208399 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a comparatively dense and small lipoprotein that can carry lipids as a multifunctional aggregate in plasma. Several studies have shown that increasing the levels or improving the functionality of HDL is a promising target for treating a wide variety of diseases. Among lipoproteins, HDL particles possess unique physicochemical properties, including naturally synthesized physiological components, amphipathic apolipoproteins, lipid-loading and hydrophobic agent-incorporating characteristics, specific protein-protein interactions, heterogeneity, nanoparticles, and smaller size. Recently, the feasibility and superiority of using HDL particles as drug delivery vehicles have been of great interest. In this review, we summarize the structure, constituents, biogenesis, remodeling, and reconstitution of HDL drug delivery systems, focusing on their delivery capability, characteristics, applications, manufacturing, and drug-loading and drug-targeting characteristics. Finally, the future prospects are presented regarding the clinical application and challenges of using HDL as a pharmacodelivery carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Cheng Mo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang City 421001, Hunan Province, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Kun Ren
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang City 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xing Liu
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, 100005 Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Li Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang City 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang City 421001, Hunan Province, China.
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Labadzhyan A, Cui J, Péterfy M, Guo X, Chen YDI, Hsueh WA, Rotter JI, Goodarzi MO. Insulin Clearance Is Associated with Hepatic Lipase Activity and Lipid and Adiposity Traits in Mexican Americans. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166263. [PMID: 27846285 PMCID: PMC5112869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduction in insulin clearance plays an important role in the compensatory response to insulin resistance. Given the importance of this trait to the pathogenesis of diabetes, a deeper understanding of its regulation is warranted. Our goal was to identify metabolic and cardiovascular traits that are independently associated with metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI). We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of metabolic and cardiovascular traits in 765 participants from the Mexican-American Coronary Artery Disease (MACAD) project who had undergone blood sampling, oral glucose tolerance test, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and carotid ultrasound. We assessed correlations of MCRI with traits from seven domains, including anthropometry, biomarkers, cardiovascular, glucose homeostasis, lipase activity, lipid profile, and liver function tests. We found inverse independent correlations between MCRI and hepatic lipase (P = 0.0004), insulin secretion (P = 0.0002), alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.0045), total fat mass (P = 0.014), and diabetes (P = 0.03). MCRI and apolipoprotein A-I exhibited a positive independent correlation (P = 0.035). These results generate a hypothesis that lipid and adiposity associated traits related to liver function may play a role in insulin clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artak Labadzhyan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jinrui Cui
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Miklós Péterfy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Yii-Der I. Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Willa A. Hsueh
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Mark O. Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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80
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Cai Z, Feng S, Xiang X, Mai K, Ai Q. Effects of dietary phospholipid on lipase activity, antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism-related gene expression in large yellow croaker larvae (Larimichthys crocea). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 201:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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81
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Bansal SK, Yadav R. A Study of the Extended Lipid Profile including Oxidized LDL, Small Dense LDL, Lipoprotein (a) and Apolipoproteins in the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Hypothyroid Patients. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:BC04-8. [PMID: 27504276 PMCID: PMC4963636 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/19775.8067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypothyroidism is one of the most common metabolic disorders associated with dyslipidemia which poses a higher risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in such patients. Biochemical markers which can pick up the risk promptly are becoming imperative now-a-days and thus the assessment beyond the conventional lipid profile is the need of the hour. AIMS To assess the association of non-conventional lipid parameters like small dense Low Density Lipoprotein (sd LDL), oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein (ox LDL), Apolipoprotein A (Apo A1), Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) and Lipoprotein (a) {Lp(a)} in hypothyroid patients and compare their values with the conventional lipid parameters such as Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) and High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and thirty clinically proven patients of hypothyroidism aged 20-60 years and equal number of age and gender matched healthy individuals were included in this case control study. Serum sd LDL, ox LDL, Apo A1, Apo B, Lp (a), lipid profile, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Free Triiodothyronine (FT3) and Free Tetraiodothyronine (FT4) levels were measured in both the groups. The data was recorded and analysed on SPSS system. The results of cases and controls were compared by student t-test and one-way ANOVA. All the parameters were correlated with TSH by Pearson's correlation. RESULTS We found significantly high levels of sd LDL, ox LDL, Apo B, Lp (a), TC, TG, LDL-C in cases as compared to the controls. Ox LDL has shown maximum correlation with serum TSH (p<0.0001, r=0.801) followed by sd LDL (p<0.0001, r=0.792), Apo B (p<0.001, r=0.783) and LDL-C (p<0.001, r=0.741). Moreover, ox LDL and sd LDL were found to be increased in normolipidemic hypothyroid patients thereby giving a strong supportive evidence that estimation of these parameters can become fundamental in prompt identification of the high risk patients of CAD in hypothyroid population. CONCLUSION Non-conventional lipid parameters appear to be better markers for the assessment of cardiovascular risk in hypothyroidism and might help in the designing of the effective treatment protocols and areas of intervention by the clinicians as well as researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Kumar Bansal
- Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, SGT Medical College, Hospital and Research Institute, Budhera, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Rakhee Yadav
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, SGT Medical College, Hospital and Research Institute, Budhera, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Liu G, Xu JN, Liu D, Ding Q, Liu MN, Chen R, Fan M, Zhang Y, Zheng C, Zou DJ, Lyu J, Zhang WJ. Regulation of plasma lipid homeostasis by hepatic lipoprotein lipase in adult mice. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1155-61. [PMID: 27234787 PMCID: PMC4918845 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m065011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
LPL is a pivotal rate-limiting enzyme to catalyze the hydrolysis of TG in circulation, and plays a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism. However, little attention has been paid to LPL in the adult liver due to its relatively low expression. Here we show that endogenous hepatic LPL plays an important physiological role in plasma lipid homeostasis in adult mice. We generated a mouse model with the Lpl gene specifically ablated in hepatocytes with the Cre/LoxP approach, and found that specific deletion of hepatic Lpl resulted in a significant decrease in plasma LPL contents and activity. As a result, the postprandial TG clearance was markedly impaired, and plasma TG and cholesterol levels were significantly elevated. However, deficiency of hepatic Lpl did not change the liver TG and cholesterol contents or glucose homeostasis. Taken together, our study reveals that hepatic LPL is involved in the regulation of plasma LPL activity and lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Obesity and Diabetes Research Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jun-Nan Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenchou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenchou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qingli Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Meng-Na Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenchou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenchou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Obesity and Diabetes Research Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mengdi Fan
- Department of Pathophysiology Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenchou Medical University, Wenchou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Obesity and Diabetes Research Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenchou Medical University, Wenchou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Da-Jin Zou
- Obesity and Diabetes Research Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenchou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenchou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Weiping J Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Obesity and Diabetes Research Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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High dietary cholesterol intake during lactation promotes development of fatty liver in offspring of mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1110-7. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Lee-Rueckert M, Escola-Gil JC, Kovanen PT. HDL functionality in reverse cholesterol transport--Challenges in translating data emerging from mouse models to human disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:566-83. [PMID: 26968096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Whereas LDL-derived cholesterol accumulates in atherosclerotic lesions, HDL particles are thought to facilitate removal of cholesterol from the lesions back to the liver thereby promoting its fecal excretion from the body. Because generation of cholesterol-loaded macrophages is inherent to atherogenesis, studies on the mechanisms stimulating the release of cholesterol from these cells and its ultimate excretion into feces are crucial to learn how to prevent lesion development or even induce lesion regression. Modulation of this key anti-atherogenic pathway, known as the macrophage-specific reverse cholesterol transport, has been extensively studied in several mouse models with the ultimate aim of applying the emerging knowledge to humans. The present review provides a detailed comparison and critical analysis of the various steps of reverse cholesterol transport in mouse and man. We attempt to translate this in vivo complex scenario into practical concepts, which could serve as valuable tools when developing novel HDL-targeted therapies.
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Andrés-Blasco I, Herrero-Cervera A, Vinué Á, Martínez-Hervás S, Piqueras L, Sanz MJ, Burks DJ, González-Navarro H. Hepatic lipase deficiency produces glucose intolerance, inflammation and hepatic steatosis. J Endocrinol 2015; 227:179-91. [PMID: 26423094 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus constitute a major problem to global health, and their incidence is increasing at an alarming rate. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which affects up to 90% of obese people and nearly 70% of the overweight, is commonly associated with MetS characteristics such as obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. In the present study, we demonstrate that hepatic lipase (HL)-inactivation in mice fed with a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet produced dyslipidemia including hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and increased non-esterified fatty acid levels. These changes were accompanied by glucose intolerance, pancreatic and hepatic inflammation and steatosis. In addition, compared with WT mice, HL(-/-) mice exhibited enhanced circulating MCP1 levels, monocytosis and higher percentage of CD4+Th17+ cells. Consistent with increased inflammation, livers from HL(-/-) mice had augmented activation of the stress SAPK/JNK- and p38-pathways compared with the activation levels of the kinases in livers from WT mice. Analysis of HL(-/-) and WT mice fed regular chow diet showed dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance in HL(-/-) mice without any other changes in inflammation or hepatic steatosis. Altogether, these results indicate that dyslipidemia induced by HL-deficiency in combination with a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet promotes hepatic steatosis and inflammation in mice which are, at least in part, mediated by the activation of the stress SAPK/JNK- and p38-pathways. Future studies are warranted to asses the viability of therapeutic strategies based on the modulation of these kinases to reduce hepatic steatosis associated to lipase dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Andrés-Blasco
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Herrero-Cervera
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Ángela Vinué
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Hervás
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Laura Piqueras
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - María Jesús Sanz
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Deborah Jane Burks
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
| | - Herminia González-Navarro
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain Institute of Health Research-INCLIVAAvenida Menéndez Pelayo, 4, 46010 Valencia, SpainEndocrinology and Nutrition Department Clinic Hospital and Department of MedicineUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM)Valencia, SpainDepartment of FarmacologyUniversity of Valencia, Valencia, SpainCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValencia, Spain
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86
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Akerele OA, Cheema SK. Fatty acyl composition of lysophosphatidylcholine is important in atherosclerosis. Med Hypotheses 2015; 85:754-60. [PMID: 26604024 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of death for mankind. Although the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis is a complex and multifactorial process, growing body of evidence has identified phospholipids-mediated signaling as an important factor in the induction and progression of atherosclerosis. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is a major phospholipid in oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and is generally considered to be atherogenic. However, some studies have shown anti-atherogenic properties of LPC. The controversial findings surrounding the pro- or anti-atherogenic properties of LPC appear to be due to the chain length and the degree of saturation of the fatty acyl moiety of LPC. Studies have suggested that the presence of omega (n)-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) at the sn-1 position of LPC modulates the inflammatory response thereby making LPC anti-atherogenic. We have recently shown that feeding a diet high in n-3 PUFA resulted in the enrichment of LPC in both plasma and liver of C57BL/6 mice with n-3 PUFA. Others have also shown that supplementation with fish oil leads to preferential incorporation of n-3 PUFA into LPC. We also found that plasma obtained from mice fed a diet high in n-3 PUFA showed higher cholesterol efflux capacity compared to animals fed a low n-3 PUFA diet, despite no changes in high-density lipoprotein concentrations. We are therefore hypothesizing that n-3 PUFA enriched LPC has anti-atherogenic properties by promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophages and by reducing inflammation. Our anticipated long term objective is to establish that the fatty acyl moiety of LPC can be used as a potential biomarker for the risk of developing atherosclerosis. Validating this hypothesis would have a substantial impact on the public health with respect to early diagnosis of cardiovascular risks, and designing dietary based therapeutic strategies for the prevention and management of atherosclerosis and other heart related diseases.
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87
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Gong Z, Su K, Cui L, Tas E, Zhang T, Dong HH, Yakar S, Muzumdar RH. Central effects of humanin on hepatic triglyceride secretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 309:E283-92. [PMID: 26058861 PMCID: PMC4525112 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00043.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Humanin (HN) is an endogenous mitochondria-associated peptide that has been shown to protect against various Alzheimer's disease-associated insults, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and reactive oxygen species-induced cell death. We have shown previously that HN improves whole body glucose homeostasis by improving insulin sensitivity and increasing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from the β-cells. Here, we report that intraperitoneal treatment with one of HN analogs, HNG, decreases body weight gain, visceral fat, and hepatic triglyceride (TG) accumulation in high-fat diet-fed mice. The decrease in hepatic TG accumulation is due to increased activity of hepatic microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) and increased hepatic TG secretion. Both intravenous (iv) and intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of HNG acutely increase TG secretion from the liver. Vagotomy blocks the effect on both iv and icv HNG on TG secretion, suggesting that the effects of HNG on hepatic TG flux are centrally mediated. Our data suggest that HN is a new player in central regulation of peripheral lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kai Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lingguang Cui
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; and
| | - Emir Tas
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - H Henry Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shoshana Yakar
- David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York
| | - Radhika H Muzumdar
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
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88
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Kobayashi J, Miyashita K, Nakajima K, Mabuchi H. Hepatic Lipase: a Comprehensive View of its Role on Plasma Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015. [PMID: 26194979 DOI: 10.5551/jat.31617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic lipase (HL) is a key enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of triglycerides (TG) and phospholipids (PLs) in several lipoproteins. It is generally recognized that HL is involved in the remodeling of remnant, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and the production of small, dense low-density lipoproteins (sd-LDLs).On the other hand, it is unclear whether HL accelerates or retards atherosclerosis. From the clinical point of view, HL deficiency may provide useful information on answering this question, but the rarity of this disease makes it impossible to conduct epidemiological study.In this review, we describe a comprehensive and updated view of the clinical significance of HL on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism.
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89
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Abdullah MMH, Jones PJH, Eck PK. Nutrigenetics of cholesterol metabolism: observational and dietary intervention studies in the postgenomic era. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:523-43. [PMID: 26117841 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism is a well-defined responder to dietary intakes and a classic biomarker of cardiovascular health. For this reason, circulating cholesterol levels have become key in shaping nutritional recommendations by health authorities worldwide for better management of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of mortality and one of the most costly health problems globally. Data from observational and dietary intervention studies, however, highlight a marked between-individual variability in the response of cholesterol metabolism to similar dietary protocols, a phenomenon linked to genetic heterogeneity. This review summarizes the postgenomic evidence of polymorphisms within cholesterol-associated genes relative to fasting circulating cholesterol levels under diverse nutritional conditions. A number of cholesterol-related gene-diet interactions are confirmed, which may have clinical importance, supporting a deeper look into the rapidly emerging field of nutrigenetics for meaningful conclusions that may eventually lead to genetically targeted dietary recommendations in the era of personalized nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M H Abdullah
- M.M.H. Abdullah, P.J.H. Jones, and P.K. Eck are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. P.J.H. Jones is with the Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter J H Jones
- M.M.H. Abdullah, P.J.H. Jones, and P.K. Eck are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. P.J.H. Jones is with the Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter K Eck
- M.M.H. Abdullah, P.J.H. Jones, and P.K. Eck are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. P.J.H. Jones is with the Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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90
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Increasing plasma lysophosphatidylcholine levels in patients with regular dextran sulfate lipoprotein apheresis. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2015; 18:170-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2015.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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91
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Zannis VI, Fotakis P, Koukos G, Kardassis D, Ehnholm C, Jauhiainen M, Chroni A. HDL biogenesis, remodeling, and catabolism. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 224:53-111. [PMID: 25522986 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09665-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, we review how HDL is generated, remodeled, and catabolized in plasma. We describe key features of the proteins that participate in these processes, emphasizing how mutations in apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and the other proteins affect HDL metabolism. The biogenesis of HDL initially requires functional interaction of apoA-I with the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and subsequently interactions of the lipidated apoA-I forms with lecithin/cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). Mutations in these proteins either prevent or impair the formation and possibly the functionality of HDL. Remodeling and catabolism of HDL is the result of interactions of HDL with cell receptors and other membrane and plasma proteins including hepatic lipase (HL), endothelial lipase (EL), phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), apolipoprotein M (apoM), scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1), the F1 subunit of ATPase (Ecto F1-ATPase), and the cubulin/megalin receptor. Similarly to apoA-I, apolipoprotein E and apolipoprotein A-IV were shown to form discrete HDL particles containing these apolipoproteins which may have important but still unexplored functions. Furthermore, several plasma proteins were found associated with HDL and may modulate its biological functions. The effect of these proteins on the functionality of HDL is the topic of ongoing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis I Zannis
- Molecular Genetics, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA,
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92
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Rice protein regulates HDL metabolism-related gene expression and enzyme activity in adult rats. FOOD BIOSCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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93
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Oleoyl-lysophosphatidylcholine limits endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability by induction of reactive oxygen species. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113443. [PMID: 25419657 PMCID: PMC4242637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously we reported modulation of endothelial prostacyclin and interleukin-8 production, cyclooxygenase-2 expression and vasorelaxation by oleoyl- lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC 18:1). In the present study, we examined the impact of this LPC on nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in vascular endothelial EA.hy926 cells. Basal NO formation in these cells was decreased by LPC 18:1. This was accompanied with a partial disruption of the active endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)- dimer, leading to eNOS uncoupling and increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The LPC 18:1-induced ROS formation was attenuated by the superoxide scavenger Tiron, as well as by the pharmacological inhibitors of eNOS, NADPH oxidases, flavin-containing enzymes and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Intracellular ROS-formation was most prominent in mitochondria, less pronounced in cytosol and undetectable in endoplasmic reticulum. Importantly, Tiron completely prevented the LPC 18:1-induced decrease in NO bioavailability in EA.hy926 cells. The importance of the discovered findings for more in vivo like situations was analyzed by organ bath experiments in mouse aortic rings. LPC 18:1 attenuated the acetylcholine-induced, endothelium dependent vasorelaxation and massively decreased NO bioavailability. We conclude that LPC 18:1 induces eNOS uncoupling and unspecific superoxide production. This results in NO scavenging by ROS, a limited endothelial NO bioavailability and impaired vascular function.
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94
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Alwahsh SM, Xu M, Schultze FC, Wilting J, Mihm S, Raddatz D, Ramadori G. Combination of alcohol and fructose exacerbates metabolic imbalance in terms of hepatic damage, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104220. [PMID: 25101998 PMCID: PMC4125190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although both alcohol and fructose are particularly steatogenic, their long-term effect in the development of a metabolic syndrome has not been studied in vivo. Consumption of fructose generally leads to obesity, whereas ethanol can induce liver damage in the absence of overweight. Here, Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ad libitum for 28 days on five diets: chow (control), liquid Lieber-DeCarli (LDC) diet, LDC +30%J of ethanol (L-Et) or fructose (L-Fr), and LDC combined with 30%J ethanol and 30%J fructose (L-EF). Body weight (BW) and liver weight (LW) were measured. Blood and liver samples were harvested and subjected to biochemical tests, histopathological examinations, and RT-PCR. Alcohol-containing diets substantially reduced the food intake and BW (≤3rd week), whereas fructose-fed animals had higher LW than controls (P<0.05). Additionally, leukocytes, plasma AST and leptin levels were the highest in the fructose-administered rats. Compared to the chow and LDC diets, the L-EF diet significantly elevated blood glucose, insulin, and total-cholesterol levels (also vs. the L-Et group). The albumin and Quick-test levels were the lowest, whereas ALT activity was the highest in the L-EF group. Moreover, the L-EF diet aggravated plasma triglyceride and reduced HDL-cholesterol levels more than 2.7-fold compared to the sum of the effects of the L-Et and L-Fr diets. The decreased hepatic insulin clearance in the L-EF group vs. control and LDC groups was reflected by a significantly decreased C-peptide:insulin ratio. All diets except the control caused hepatosteatosis, as evidenced by Nile red and H&E staining. Hepatic transcription of insulin receptor substrate-1/2 was mainly suppressed by the L-Fr and L-EF diets. The L-EF diet did not enhance the mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids (Cpt1α and Ppar-α expressions) compared to the L-Et or L-Fr diet. Together, our data provide evidence for the coaction of ethanol and fructose with a high-fat-diet on dyslipidemia and insulin resistance-accompanied liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salamah Mohammad Alwahsh
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Min Xu
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frank Christian Schultze
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Wilting
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Mihm
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Raddatz
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Giuliano Ramadori
- Department Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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95
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Resende MMDC, Costa FEDC, Gardona RGB, Araújo RG, Mundim FGL, Costa MJDC. Preventive use of Bach flower Rescue Remedy in the control of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in rats. Complement Ther Med 2014; 22:719-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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96
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Bamji-Mirza M, Zhang W, Yao Z. Expression of human hepatic lipase negatively impacts apolipoprotein A-I production in primary hepatocytes from Lipc-null mice. J Biomed Res 2014; 28:201-12. [PMID: 25013403 PMCID: PMC4085557 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.28.20130184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether expression of human hepatic lipase (hHL) exerted an intracellular effect on hepatic production of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I. The levels of secreted and cell-associated apoA-I were contrasted between primary hepatocytes isolated from Lipc-null and C57BL/6 mice, and between Lipc-null hepatocytes transfected with either hHL-encoding or control adenovirus. An HSPG-binding deficient hHL protein (hHLmt) was used to determine the impact of cell surface binding on HL action. Accumulation of apoA-I in conditioned media of primary hepatocytes isolated from Lipc-null mice was increased as compared to that from C57BL/6 mice. Metabolic labeling experiments showed that secretion of 35S-apoA-I from Lipc-null cells was significantly higher than that from C57BL/6 cells. Expression of hHL in Lipc-null hepatocytes, through adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, resulted in decreased synthesis and secretion of 35S-apoA-I, but not 35S-apoE, as compared with cells transfected with control adenovirus. Expression of HSPG-binding deficient hHLmt in Lipc-null cells also exerted an inhibitory effect on apoA-I production, even though hHLmt displayed impaired exit from the endoplasmic reticulum as compared with hHL. Subcellular fractionation revealed that expression of hHL or hHLmt led to increased microsome-association of apoA-I relative to non-transfected control. Expression of hHL negatively impacts hepatic production of apoA-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Bamji-Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, and ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada; ; Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Wandong Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada; ; Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Zemin Yao
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, and ; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada
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97
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Wang W, He Y, Lin P, Li Y, Sun R, Gu W, Yu J, Zhao R. In vitro effects of active components of Polygonum Multiflorum Radix on enzymes involved in the lipid metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 153:763-70. [PMID: 24680992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Raw and processed Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR and PMRP) are used in the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hyperlipidemia or related diseases. In our previous research, 2, 3, 5, 4'-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) displayed the most important role in the total cholesterol (TC) lowering effect among all the chemical constituents of Polygonum multiflorum. Emodin and physcion displayed more favorable triglyceride (TG) reducing effects than TSG. However, there are few researches focus on the approach and mechanism of how do Polygonum multiflorum exhibit good lipid regulation activity. The targeted sites of active substances of Polygonum multiflorum are still not clearly elucidated. This research pays close attention to how major chemical components of Polygonum multiflorum affect the TC and TG contents in liver cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this research, a sensitive, accurate and rapid in vitro model, steatosis hepatic L02 cell, was used to explore target sites of active chemical substances of Polygonum multiflorum for 48h. Steatosis hepatic L02 cell was exposed to emodin, physcion and TSG, respectively. The contents of four key enzymes in the pathway of synthesis and decomposition of TC and TG were investigated after exposure. Meanwhile, the contents of lipid transfer protein were also tested. The diacylgycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) controlled the biosynthesis of TG from free fatty acids while 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) limited the biosynthesis of TC. Hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A) played the key role in the lipolysis procedure of TG and TC. RESULTS The synthesis of TC and TG in steatosis L02 cells were apparently increased in the model group compared to the control group. Intracellular contents of HMG-CoA reductase and DGAT1 increased 32.33% and 56.52%, while contents of CYP7A and HTGL decreased 21.61% and 47.37%. Emodin, physcion and TSG all showed down-regulation effects on HMG-CoA reductase, while up-regulation effects on CYP7A. The most remarkable effect on HMG-CoA reductase was found on emodin. Emodin could reduce the DGAT1 content from 438.44 ± 4.51 pg/mL in model group to 192.55 ± 9.85 pg/mL (100 μm). The content of HTGL in 300 μm physcion group was 3.15 ± 0.15 U/mL, which was more significantly effective than the control, lovastatin and fenofibrate group. CONCLUSIONS TSG could raise the content of CYP7A and then promote the lipolysis of cholesterol. Moreover, TSG also showed the best LDL-reducing effect. Emodin could inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and DGAT1, which were key enzymes in the synthesis of TC and TG. Physcion increased the content of HTGL, and then could boost the lipolysis of triglyceride. At the same time, physcion showed the best VLDL-reducing effect. In view of the above conclusions, we contributed the lipid regulation activity to an overall synergy of TSG, emodin and physcion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangen Wang
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yanran He
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Pei Lin
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ruifen Sun
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wen Gu
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China.
| | - Ronghua Zhao
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China.
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98
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Sene A, Apte RS. Eyeballing cholesterol efflux and macrophage function in disease pathogenesis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:107-14. [PMID: 24252662 PMCID: PMC3943676 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Disorders of lipid metabolism are strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. Recently, there has been significant focus on how tissues process lipid deposits. Impaired cholesterol efflux has been shown to be crucial in mediating lipid deposition in atherosclerosis. The inability of macrophages to effectively efflux cholesterol from tissues initiates inflammation, plaque neovascularization, and subsequent rupture. Recent studies suggest that inability to effectively efflux cholesterol from tissues may have global implications far beyond atherosclerosis, extending to the pathophysiology of unrelated diseases. We examine the unifying mechanisms by which impaired cholesterol efflux facilitates tissue-specific inflammation and disease progression in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a blinding eye disease, and in atherosclerosis, a disease associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoulaye Sene
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Rajendra S Apte
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
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99
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Oldoni
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics (F.O., J.A.K.) and Genetics (R.J.S.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J. Sinke
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics (F.O., J.A.K.) and Genetics (R.J.S.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- From the Departments of Molecular Genetics (F.O., J.A.K.) and Genetics (R.J.S.), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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100
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Leman LJ, Maryanoff BE, Ghadiri MR. Molecules that mimic apolipoprotein A-I: potential agents for treating atherosclerosis. J Med Chem 2013; 57:2169-96. [PMID: 24168751 DOI: 10.1021/jm4005847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Certain amphipathic α-helical peptides can functionally mimic many of the properties of full-length apolipoproteins, thereby offering an approach to modulate high-density lipoprotein (HDL) for combating atherosclerosis. In this Perspective, we summarize the key findings and advances over the past 25 years in the development of peptides that mimic apolipoproteins, especially apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I). This assemblage of information provides a reasonably clear picture of the state of the art in the apolipoprotein mimetic field, an appreciation of the potential for such agents in pharmacotherapy, and a sense of the opportunities for optimizing the functional properties of HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Leman
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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