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Optimized lentiviral transduction of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells. Pharmacol Res 2017; 127:49-57. [PMID: 29155015 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are excellent candidates for regenerative medicine since they are multipotent, easy to isolate, can be expanded to obtain clinically relevant numbers and are immunoprivileged. Stable genetic modification with viral vectors can improve mesenchymal stromal cell function and enhance their therapeutic potential. However, standard viral vectors achieve sub-optimal transduction efficiency with a single infection. On the other hand, multiple transduction cycles or antibiotic-based selection methods may alter the stem cell phenotype. We hypothesized that the use of lentiviral vectors containing specific regulatory sequences may result in improved transduction efficiency. Thus, we compared two types of third generation lentiviral vectors, one of which, the pLenti7.3 vector, contains the optimized sequences for Polypurine Tract and Woodchuck Post-transcriptional Regulatory Element. We demonstrated that with the pLenti7.3 it is possible to efficiently transduce human mesenchymal stromal cells with a single transduction cycle. Additionally, we successfully showed that by using the pLenti7.3 vector it is possible to efficiently over-express different growth factors, particularly relevant for cardiac protection and differentiation, in human mesenchymal stromal cells.
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Awada G, de Azambuja E, Awada A. Pharmacologic measures in the prevention of left ventricular dysfunction associated with molecular-targeted therapies in the treatment of cancer patients. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2017; 13:1205-1215. [PMID: 29088977 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2017.1398733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) is an infrequent but significant side effect of certain molecular-targeted cancer therapies and may lead to treatment modification and impact on disease prognosis. There may be a role for beta blockers (BB), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) in the prevention of LVD. Areas covered: There are multiple definitions for LVD based on clinical and/or imaging features. Molecular-targeted therapies cause reversible LVD. Therapies with well-reported LVD are inhibitors of human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), angiogenesis, Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog (ABL) and the proteasome. BB, ACEI and ARB seem to have a role in the prevention of LVD associated with anthracyclines. Few trials have investigated the role of BB, ACEI and ARB as primary prevention of LVD in molecular-targeted therapies. Their results are not conclusive but a beneficial role cannot be excluded. Expert opinion: Because of inconclusive data, future interventional studies should not include all treated patients with molecular-targeted therapy, but focus on patients at risk for developing LVD. Another option is to study patients who show early signs of LVD to prevent progression to overt heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Awada
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Evandro de Azambuja
- b Medical Oncology Clinic , Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Ahmad Awada
- b Medical Oncology Clinic , Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels , Belgium
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53
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Yin L, Huang D, Liu X, Wang Y, Liu J, Liu F, Yu B. Omentin-1 effects on mesenchymal stem cells: proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:224. [PMID: 29017592 PMCID: PMC5633887 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as an extremely promising therapeutic agent for tissue repair. However, limitations exist such as the low numbers of MSCs obtained from donors, and the poor survival and function of donor cells. Omentin-1, a new fat depot-specific secretory adipokine, exerts proproliferation, prosurvival, and proangiogenic functions in certain cells via an Akt-dependent mechanism; however, little is known about the influence of omentin-1 on MSCs. Methods MSCs were isolated from 60–80 g donor rats. Cell proliferation was assessed with CCK-8 and EdU assay. Cell cycle, apoptosis ratio, reactive oxygen species concentration, and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by flow cytometry. Hoechst 33342 dye was used to assess morphological changes of apoptosis. Expression levels of Akt, FoxO3a, GSK-3β, and apoptosis- and cell cycle-associated proteins were detected by Western blotting. Tube formation assay was used to test the angiogenesis role of conditioned medium from MSCs in vitro. The cytokine secretion was assessed by ELISA. Results After treatment with omentin-1 (100–800 ng/ml), MSCs displayed a higher proliferative capacity with an increasing number of cells in the S and G2 phase of the cell cycle. Moreover, omentin-1 preconditioning for 1 h could protect MSCs against H2O2-induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, omentin-1 pretreatment reduced the excessive reactive oxygen species. Western blots revealed that increased Bcl-2 and decreased Bax appeared in MSCs after omentin-1 incubation, which inhibited the mitochondrial apoptosis pathways with evidence showing inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage and preservation of mitochondrial membrane potential. Omentin-1 could enhance angiogenic growth factor secretion and elevate the ability of MSCs to stimulate tube formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, omentin-1 enhanced Akt phosphorylation; however, blockade of the PI3K/Akt pathway with an inhibitor, LY294002 (20 μM), suppressed the above beneficial effects of omentin-1. Conclusion Omentin-1 can exert beneficial effects on MSCs by promoting proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis, increasing secretion of angiogenic cytokines, and enhancing the ability for stimulating tube formation by HUVECs via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Thus, omentin-1 may be considered a candidate for optimizing MSC-based cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yin
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Huang
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongshun Wang
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjin Liu
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yu
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.
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Bioactive Extracellular Matrix Scaffold Promotes Adaptive Cardiac Remodeling and Repair. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2017; 2:450-464. [PMID: 30062163 PMCID: PMC6034485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acellular ECM scaffolds retain bioactive properties capable of stimulating endogenous myocardial repair pathways that could be leveraged therapeutically to promote adaptive cardiac remodeling toward functional recovery after ischemic injury. In rodents with MI, acellular bioactive ECM scaffolds surgically implanted on the epicardium stimulate adaptive cardiac repair and functional recovery with therapeutic effects highly dependent on the bioinductive properties of the biomaterial. Interaction of human cardiac fibroblasts with bioactive ECM scaffolds can induce a robust FGF-dependent cell-mediated vasculogenic paracrine response capable of stimulating functional blood vessel assembly. Acellular bioactive ECM scaffolds surgically implanted on the epicardium post-MI can reprogram resident fibroblasts and stimulate adaptive proreparative pathways enhancing functional recovery. A novel surgical strategy for tissue repair is introduced that can be performed as an adjunct to conventional surgical revascularization with minimal translational challenges.
Structural cardiac remodeling after ischemic injury can induce a transition to heart failure from progressive loss of cardiac function. Cellular regenerative therapies are promising but face significant translational hurdles. Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) holds the necessary environmental cues to stimulate cell-based endogenous myocardial repair pathways and promote adaptive remodeling toward functional recovery. Heart epicardium has emerged as an important anatomic niche for endogenous repair pathways including vasculogenesis and cardiogenesis. We show that acellular ECM scaffolds surgically implanted on the epicardium following myocardial infarction (MI) can attenuate structural cardiac remodeling and improve functional recovery. We assessed the efficacy of this strategy on post-MI functional recovery by comparing intact bioactive scaffolds with biologically inactivated ECM scaffolds. We confirm that bioactive properties within the acellular ECM biomaterial are essential for the observed functional benefits. We show that interaction of human cardiac fibroblasts with bioactive ECM can induce a robust cell-mediated vasculogenic paracrine response capable of functional blood vessel assembly. Fibroblast growth factor-2 is uncovered as a critical regulator of this novel bioinductive effect. Acellular bioactive ECM scaffolds surgically implanted on the epicardium post-MI can reprogram resident fibroblasts and stimulate adaptive pro-reparative pathways enhancing functional recovery. We introduce a novel surgical strategy for tissue repair that can be performed as an adjunct to conventional surgical revascularization with minimal translational challenges.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EF, ejection fraction
- EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell
- LV, left ventricle
- MI, myocardial infarction
- SIS-ECM, small intestinal submucosal extracellular matrix
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- extracellular matrix
- regeneration
- vasculogenesis
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Marasini S, Chang DY, Jung JH, Lee SJ, Cha HL, Suh-Kim H, Kim SS. Effects of Adenoviral Gene Transduction on the Stemness of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mol Cells 2017; 40:598-605. [PMID: 28835020 PMCID: PMC5582306 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently being evaluated as a cell-based therapy for tissue injury and degenerative diseases. Recently, several methods have been suggested to further enhance the therapeutic functions of MSCs, including genetic modifications with tissue- and/or disease-specific genes. The objective of this study was to examine the efficiency and stability of transduction using an adenoviral vector in human MSCs. Additionally, we aimed to assess the effects of transduction on the proliferation and multipotency of MSCs. The results indicate that MSCs can be transduced by adenoviruses in vitro, but high viral titers are necessary to achieve high efficiency. In addition, transduction at a higher multiplicity of infection (MOI) was associated with attenuated proliferation and senescence-like morphology. Furthermore, transduced MSCs showed a diminished capacity for adipogenic differentiation while retaining their potential to differentiate into osteocytes and chondrocytes. This work could contribute significantly to clinical trials of MSCs modified with therapeutic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash Marasini
- Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
| | - Da-Young Chang
- Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
| | - Jin-Hwa Jung
- Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
| | - Su-Jung Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
| | - Hye Lim Cha
- Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
| | - Haeyoung Suh-Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499,
Korea
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56
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Pei Z, Zeng J, Song Y, Gao Y, Wu R, Chen Y, Li F, Li W, Zhou H, Yang Y. In vivo imaging to monitor differentiation and therapeutic effects of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells in myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6296. [PMID: 28740146 PMCID: PMC5524783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we used a noninvasive multimodality imaging approach to monitor differentiation of transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and recovery of cardiac function in an in vivo model of myocardial infarction (MI). We established a rat MI model by coronary artery ligation. Ninety rats were randomly assigned into four groups: sham-operated, MI model, and α-MHC-HSV1-tk-transfected or un-transfected BMSCs-treated MI model. We used 18F-Fluro-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) to monitor recovery of cardiac function, and 18F-FHBG PET/CT imaging to monitor transplanted BMSCs differentiation 24 h after 18F-FDG imaging. The uptake of 18F-FDG at 3, 16, 30 and 45 days after BMSCs injection was 0.39 ± 0.03, 0.57 ± 0.05, 0.59 ± 0.04, and 0.71 ± 0.05% ID/g, respectively. Uptake of 18F-FHBG increased significantly in large areas in the BMSCs-treated group over time. Ex vivo experiments indicated that expression of the cardiomyocyte markers GATA-4 and cardiac troponin I markedly increased in the BMSCs-treated group. Additionally, immunohistochemistry revealed that HSV-tk-labelled BMSCs-derived cells were positive for cardiac troponin I. Multimodal imaging systems combining an α-MHC-HSV1-tk/18F-FHBG reporter gene and 18F-FDG metabolism imaging could be used to track differentiation of transplanted BMSCs and recovery of cardiac function in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Pei
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China.
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Infection Control, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Yafeng Song
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Ruimin Wu
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Yijia Chen
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Fuyan Li
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of PET Center and Institute of Anesthesiology and Pain, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
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57
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Gonzalez-King H, García NA, Ontoria-Oviedo I, Ciria M, Montero JA, Sepúlveda P. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α Potentiates Jagged 1-Mediated Angiogenesis by Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1747-1759. [PMID: 28376567 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient vessel growth associated with ischemia remains an unresolved issue in vascular medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to promote angiogenesis via a mechanism that is potentiated by hypoxia. Overexpression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α in MSCs improves their therapeutic potential by inducing angiogenesis in transplanted tissues. Here, we studied the contribution of exosomes released by HIF-1α-overexpressing donor MSCs (HIF-MSC) to angiogenesis by endothelial cells. Exosome secretion was enhanced in HIF-MSC. Omics analysis of miRNAs and proteins incorporated into exosomes pointed to the Notch pathway as a candidate mediator of exosome communication. Interestingly, we found that Jagged1 was the sole Notch ligand packaged into MSC exosomes and was more abundant in HIF-MSC than in MSC controls. The addition of Jagged1-containing exosomes from MSC and HIF-MSC cultures to endothelial cells triggered transcriptional changes in Notch target genes and induced angiogenesis in an in vitro model of capillary-like tube formation, and both processes were stimulated by HIF-1α. Finally, subcutaneous injection of Jagged 1-containing exosomes from MSC and HIF-MSC cultures in the Matrigel plug assay induced angiogenesis in vivo, which was more robust when they were derived from HIF-MSC cultures. All Jagged1-mediated effects could be blocked by prior incubation of exosomes with an anti-Jagged 1 antibody. All together, the results indicate that exosomes derived from MSCs stably overexpressing HIF-1α have an increased angiogenic capacity in part via an increase in the packaging of Jagged1, which could have potential applications for the treatment of ischemia-related disease. Stem Cells 2017;35:1747-1759.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Gonzalez-King
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Joint Unit for cardiovascular Repair Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nahuel A García
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Joint Unit for cardiovascular Repair Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Imelda Ontoria-Oviedo
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Joint Unit for cardiovascular Repair Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Ciria
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Joint Unit for cardiovascular Repair Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Anastasio Montero
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Joint Unit for cardiovascular Repair Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Sepúlveda
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Joint Unit for cardiovascular Repair Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
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Sasi SP, Yan X, Zuriaga-Herrero M, Gee H, Lee J, Mehrzad R, Song J, Onufrak J, Morgan J, Enderling H, Walsh K, Kishore R, Goukassian DA. Different Sequences of Fractionated Low-Dose Proton and Single Iron-Radiation-Induced Divergent Biological Responses in the Heart. Radiat Res 2017; 188:191-203. [PMID: 28613990 DOI: 10.1667/rr14667.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Deep-space travel presents risks of exposure to ionizing radiation composed of a spectrum of low-fluence protons (1H) and high-charge and energy (HZE) iron nuclei (e.g., 56Fe). When exposed to galactic cosmic rays, each cell in the body may be traversed by 1H every 3-4 days and HZE nuclei every 3-4 months. The effects of low-dose sequential fractionated 1H or HZE on the heart are unknown. In this animal model of simulated ionizing radiation, middle-aged (8-9 months old) male C57BL/6NT mice were exposed to radiation as follows: group 1, nonirradiated controls; group 2, three fractionated doses of 17 cGy 1H every other day (1H × 3); group 3, three fractionated doses of 17 cGy 1H every other day followed by a single low dose of 15 cGy 56Fe two days after the final 1H dose (1H × 3 + 56Fe); and group 4, a single low dose of 15 cGy 56Fe followed (after 2 days) by three fractionated doses of 17 cGy 1H every other day (56Fe + 1H × 3). A subgroup of mice from each group underwent myocardial infarction (MI) surgery at 28 days postirradiation. Cardiac structure and function were assessed in all animals at days 7, 14 and 28 after MI surgery was performed. Compared to the control animals, the treatments that groups 2 and 3 received did not induce negative effects on cardiac function or structure. However, compared to all other groups, the animals in group 4, showed depressed left ventricular (LV) functions at 1 month with concomitant enhancement in cardiac fibrosis and induction of cardiac hypertrophy signaling at 3 months. In the irradiated and MI surgery groups compared to the control group, the treatments received by groups 2 and 4 did not induce negative effects at 1 month postirradiation and MI surgery. However, in group 3 after MI surgery, there was a 24% increase in mortality, significant decreases in LV function and a 35% increase in post-infarction size. These changes were associated with significant decreases in the angiogenic and cell survival signaling pathways. These data suggest that fractionated doses of radiation induces cellular and molecular changes that result in depressed heart functions both under basal conditions and particularly after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath P Sasi
- a Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xinhua Yan
- a Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,b Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marian Zuriaga-Herrero
- f Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hannah Gee
- a Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Juyong Lee
- c Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Raman Mehrzad
- d Steward Carney Hospital, Dorchester, Massachusetts
| | - Jin Song
- a Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jillian Onufrak
- a Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James Morgan
- b Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,d Steward Carney Hospital, Dorchester, Massachusetts
| | - Heiko Enderling
- e Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- f Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raj Kishore
- 7 Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David A Goukassian
- a Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,f Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,7 Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Ni X, Ou C, Guo J, Liu B, Zhang J, Wu Z, Li H, Chen M. Lentiviral vector-mediated co-overexpression of VEGF and Bcl-2 improves mesenchymal stem cell survival and enhances paracrine effects in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2017. [PMID: 28627637 PMCID: PMC5505017 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has emerged as a promising therapy for ischemic heart disease; however, the low survival rate of transplanted cells limits their therapeutic efficacy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the dual genetic modification of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) confers a higher expression level of the target genes, better survival and a stronger paracrine effect in MSCs in an adverse environment than the modification of the individual genes. For this purpse, a lentiviral vector was constructed by using a self-cleaving T2A peptide sequence to link and achieve the co-overexpression of VEGF and Bcl-2. Rat MSCs were transfected to obtain cell lines that exhibited a stable overexpression. An in vitro model of oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) was applied to mimic the ischemic microenvironment, and cell apoptosis, autophagy and the paracrine effects were then determined. Compared with the MSCs in which individual genes were modified and the control MSCs, the MSCs which were subjected to dual genetic modification had a higher expression level of the target genes, a more rapid proliferation, reduced apoptosis, decreased autophagy and an enhanced paracrine effect. Furthermore, the suppression of autophagy was found to contribute to the inhibition of apoptosis in this in vitro OGD model. On the whole, these data indicate that the co-overexpression of VEGF and Bcl-2 protects MSCs in an ischemic environment by inhibiting apoptosis, suppressing autophagy and enhancing the paracrine effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Caiwen Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Jingbin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Jianwu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Zhiye Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Hekai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Minsheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
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60
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Deng B, Jiang H, Zeng K, Liang Y, Wu Y, Yang Y. Removal from adherent culture contributes to apoptosis in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3499-3506. [PMID: 28393226 PMCID: PMC5436285 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are routinely isolated due to their adherence to tissue culture plates and their in vitro growth characteristics. Expansion of MSCs in adherent cultures is the only way to obtain sufficient cells for use in either clinical or research settings. MSCs have tremendous potential in myocardial repair treatment by cell therapy techniques, however, a large number of MSCs die from apoptosis following transplantation. Previous studies have examined the factors contributing to the survival of transplanted cells, but little is known about the effect of removal from adherent culture conditions on apoptosis of the MSCs. In the present study, human bone marrow MSCs were expanded in adherent cultures. Then apoptosis rates were examined at different time points in MSCs cultured in nonadherent conditions (ultra‑low‑adherence plates) compared with MSCs cultured in adherent conditions (standard tissue culture plates). Flow cytometry analysis suggested that cell apoptosis increased when MSCs were cultured in nonadherent culture conditions. In addition, western blot and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrated that caspase‑3, ‑7 and ‑9 were involved in this process. The present study demonstrated that loss of culture adherence increases apoptosis of human MSCs. The present findings may provide new insight into the factors affecting MSC survival after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Haiming Jiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Kuan Zeng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Yinmeng Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Yanqi Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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Stem Cell Technology in Cardiac Regeneration: A Pluripotent Stem Cell Promise. EBioMedicine 2017; 16:30-40. [PMID: 28169191 PMCID: PMC5474503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cardiovascular biology and medical therapy, heart disorders are the leading cause of death worldwide. Cell-based regenerative therapies become a promising treatment for patients affected by heart failure, but also underline the need for reproducible results in preclinical and clinical studies for safety and efficacy. Enthusiasm has been tempered by poor engraftment, survival and differentiation of the injected adult stem cells. The crucial challenge is identification and selection of the most suitable stem cell type for cardiac regenerative medicine. Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have emerged as attractive cell source to obtain cardiomyocytes (CMs), with potential applications, including drug discovery and toxicity screening, disease modelling and innovative cell therapies. Lessons from embryology offered important insights into the development of stem cell-derived CMs. However, the generation of a CM population, uniform in cardiac subtype, adult maturation and functional properties, is highly recommended. Moreover, hurdles regarding tumorigenesis, graft cell death, immune rejection and arrhythmogenesis need to be overcome in clinical practice. Here we highlight the recent progression in PSC technologies for the regeneration of injured heart. We review novel strategies that might overcome current obstacles in heart regenerative medicine, aiming at improving cell survival and functional integration after cell transplantation. Human pluripotent stem cells emerge as attractive tool for cardiac regeneration approaches. Plasticity of human pluripotent stem cells towards cardiac-related cell types guarantees repopulation of injured heart. Combination of stem cell and gene editing therapies has potential to become next generation treatment for cardiac diseases.
Data for this Review were identified by searches of MEDLINE and PubMed, and references from relevant articles using the search terms “cardiomyogenesis”, “adult stem cells”, “pluripotent stem cells” and “cardiac regeneration”. Only articles published in English between 1976 and 2017 were included. The majority of the articles reported were published after 2000.
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Cho HM, Kim PH, Chang HK, Shen YM, Bonsra K, Kang BJ, Yum SY, Kim JH, Lee SY, Choi MC, Kim HH, Jang G, Cho JY. Targeted Genome Engineering to Control VEGF Expression in Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential Implications for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1040-1051. [PMID: 28186692 PMCID: PMC5442764 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord blood‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB‐MSCs) exhibit potency for the regeneration of infarcted hearts. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is capable of inducing angiogenesis and can boost stem cell‐based therapeutic effects. However, high levels of VEGF can cause abnormal blood vessel growth and hemangiomas. Thus, a controllable system to induce therapeutic levels of VEGF is required for cell therapy. We generated an inducible VEGF‐secreting stem cell (VEGF/hUCB‐MSC) that controls the expression of VEGF and tested the therapeutic efficacy in rat myocardial infarction (MI) model to apply functional stem cells to MI. To introduce the inducible VEGF gene cassette into a safe harbor site of the hUCB‐MSC chromosome, the transcription activator‐like effector nucleases system was used. After confirming the integration of the cassette into the locus, VEGF secretion in physiological concentration from VEGF/hUCB‐MSCs after doxycycline (Dox) induction was proved in conditioned media. VEGF secretion was detected in mice implanted with VEGF/hUCB‐MSCs grown via a cell sheet system. Vessel formation was induced in mice transplanted with Matrigel containing VEGF/hUCB‐MSCs treated with Dox. Moreover, seeding of the VEGF/hUCB‐MSCs onto the cardiac patch significantly improved the left ventricle ejection fraction and fractional shortening in a rat MI model upon VEGF induction. Induced VEGF/hUCB‐MSC patches significantly decreased the MI size and fibrosis and increased muscle thickness, suggesting improved survival of cardiomyocytes and protection from MI damage. These results suggest that our inducible VEGF‐secreting stem cell system is an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of MI. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1040–1051
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Min Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Pyung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yi-Ming Shen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwaku Bonsra
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Jae Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yum
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So-Yeong Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Choi
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyongbum Henry Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Goo Jang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Hepatocyte Growth Factor Therapy for Attenuating Ischaemic Myocardial Fibrosis: Assessment using Multimodal Molecular Imaging. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33700. [PMID: 27804974 PMCID: PMC5090211 DOI: 10.1038/srep33700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, myocardial fibrosis is increasingly being recognized as a new therapeutic target for ischaemic heart diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether noninvasive multimodal molecular imaging could be used to dynamically assess whether the combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) therapy can synergistically attenuate myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction (MI). MI was induced in 28 rats by coronary ligation with subsequent injection of BMSCs/HGF, BMSCs, HGF, or saline into the border zone under echocardiography guidance. The therapeutic procedure and treatment effects were tracked and assessed using bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Four weeks after transplantation therapy, cardiac MR imaging demonstrated that BMSC/HGF-treated animals showed better ejection fractions (p < 0.001) and smaller scar sizes (p < 0.001) than those treated with BMSCs or HGF alone. Histopathological and immunohistochemical results showed less collagen deposition, increased microvessel densities and more regenerative cardiomyocytes in the BMSC/HGF-treated animals than in those receiving HGF or BMSCs alone (all p < 0.05). Multimodal molecular imaging allows a specific and timely strategy to be established for dynamically tracking treatment and noninvasively assessing the therapeutic effects. Under echocardiography guidance, intramyocardial injection of transfected HGF with BMSCs can enhance cell survival, improve cardiac function, stimulate angiogenesis, and reduce myocardial fibrosis in a post-MI rat model.
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Lim KS, Park JK, Jeong MH, Bae IH, Nah JW, Park DS, Sim JW, Kim JH, Lee SY, Jang EJ, Jang S, Kim HK, Sim DS, Kim IS, Hong YJ, Ahn Y, Kang JC. Optimal coating method for a dual-layer stent with sirolimus and alpha-lipoic acid in a porcine coronary restenosis model. Macromol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-016-4082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Gómez-Mauricio G, Moscoso I, Martín-Cancho MF, Crisóstomo V, Prat-Vidal C, Báez-Díaz C, Sánchez-Margallo FM, Bernad A. Combined administration of mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing IGF-1 and HGF enhances neovascularization but moderately improves cardiac regeneration in a porcine model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:94. [PMID: 27423905 PMCID: PMC4947339 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are among the most promising growth factors for promoting cardiorepair. Here, we evaluated the combination of cell- and gene-based therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) genetically modified to overexpress IGF-1 or HGF to treat acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a porcine model. Methods Pig MSC from adipose tissue (paMSC) were genetically modified for evaluation of different therapeutic strategies to improve AMI treatment. Three groups of infarcted Large White pigs were compared (I, control, non-transplanted; II, transplanted with paMSC-GFP (green fluorescent protein); III, transplanted with paMSC-IGF-1/HGF). Cardiac function was evaluated non-invasively using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for 1 month. After euthanasia and sampling of the animal, infarcted areas were studied by histology and immunohistochemistry. Results Intramyocardial transplant in a porcine infarct model demonstrated the safety of paMSC in short-term treatments. Treatment with paMSC-IGF-1/HGF (1:1) compared with the other groups showed a clear reduction in inflammation in some sections analyzed and promoted angiogenic processes in ischemic tissue. Although cardiac function parameters were not significantly improved, cell retention and IGF-1 overexpression was confirmed within the myocardium. Conclusions The simultaneous administration of IGF-1- and HGF-overexpressing paMSC appears not to promote a synergistic effect or effective repair. The combined enhancement of neovascularization and fibrosis in paMSC-IGF-1/HGF-treated animals nonetheless suggests that sustained exposure to high IGF-1 + HGF levels promotes beneficial as well as deleterious effects that do not improve overall cardiac regeneration. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0350-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Gómez-Mauricio
- Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Cáceres, Spain.,Department of Cardiovascular Development and Repair, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Moscoso
- Department of Cardiovascular Development and Repair, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Area, CIMUS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | - Cristina Prat-Vidal
- Department of Cardiovascular Development and Repair, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Program, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Antonio Bernad
- Department of Cardiovascular Development and Repair, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3 (Campus UAM Cantoblanco), 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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66
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Niu J, Han X, Qi H, Yin J, Zhang Z, Zhang Z. Correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor and long-term prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:475-479. [PMID: 27347081 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between plasma the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A total of 124 patients with AMI undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were selected, and plasma VEGF levels were measured 7 days after the onset of AMI using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The patients were divided into the L (≤190 pg/ml VEGF) and H (>190 pg/ml VEGF) groups, and were followed up every 2 months for an average of 12 months. MACE were recorded during follow-up. On the basis of these results, the patients were further divided into the MACE and non-MACE (N-MACE) groups, and the serum VEGF concentration was compared between the two groups. At the 6-month follow-up, the incidence of MACE in the H group was found to be significantly reduced compared with the L group. The serum VEGF concentration in the N-MACE group was significantly higher compared with the MACE group. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that reduced VEGF levels (β=1.243; 95% CI, 1.018-1.326; P=0.026) were independent risk factors for MACE. In conclusion, high plasma VEGF levels at 7 days after AMI onset facilitate the long-term prognosis in the same infarct zone in patients with AMI, while low plasma VEGF levels are independent risk factors for MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
| | - Xia Han
- Department of Cardiology, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
| | - Huaxin Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
| | - Zengtang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laiwu People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
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Discrepant Results of Experimental Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy after Myocardial Infarction: Are Animal Models Robust Enough? PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152938. [PMID: 27050443 PMCID: PMC4822837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been reported to preserve cardiac function in myocardial infarction (MI) models. Previously, we found a beneficial effect of intramyocardial injection of unstimulated human MSCs (uMSCs) on cardiac function after permanent coronary artery ligation. In the present study we aimed to extend this research by investigating the effect of intramyocardial injection of human MSCs pre-stimulated with the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (iMSCs), since pro-inflammatory priming has shown additional salutary effects in multiple experimental disease models. Methods MI was induced in NOD/Scid mice by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Animals received intramyocardial injection of uMSCs, iMSCs or PBS. Sham-operated animals were used to determine baseline characteristics. Cardiac performance was assessed after 2 and 14 days using 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and pressure-volume loop measurements. Histology and q-PCR were used to confirm MSC engraftment in the heart. Results Both uMSC and iMSC therapy had no significant beneficial effect on cardiac function or remodelling in contrast to our previous studies. Conclusions Animal models for cardiac MSC therapy appear less robust than initially envisioned.
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Shimojima C, Takeuchi H, Jin S, Parajuli B, Hattori H, Suzumura A, Hibi H, Ueda M, Yamamoto A. Conditioned Medium from the Stem Cells of Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:4164-71. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Shafiq M, Jung Y, Kim SH. Insight on stem cell preconditioning and instructive biomaterials to enhance cell adhesion, retention, and engraftment for tissue repair. Biomaterials 2016; 90:85-115. [PMID: 27016619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are a promising solution for the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, the limited survival and engraftment of transplanted cells due to a hostile ischemic environment is a bottleneck for effective utilization and commercialization. Within this environment, the majority of transplanted cells undergo apoptosis prior to participating in lineage differentiation and cellular integration. Therefore, in order to maximize the clinical utility of stem/progenitor cells, strategies must be employed to increase their adhesion, retention, and engraftment in vivo. Here, we reviewed key strategies that are being adopted to enhance the survival, retention, and engraftment of transplanted stem cells through the manipulation of both the stem cells and the surrounding environment. We describe how preconditioning of cells or cell manipulations strategies can enhance stem cell survival and engraftment after transplantation. We also discuss how biomaterials can enhance the function of stem cells for effective tissue regeneration. Biomaterials can incorporate or mimic extracellular function (ECM) function and enhance survival or differentiation of transplanted cells in vivo. Biomaterials can also promote angiogenesis, enhance engraftment and differentiation, and accelerate electromechanical integration of transplanted stem cells. Insight gained from this review may direct the development of future investigations and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafiq
- Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Much has changed since our survey of the landscape for myocardial regeneration powered by adult stem cells 4 years ago.(1) The intervening years since that first review has witnessed an explosive expansion of studies that advance both understanding and implementation of adult stem cells in promoting myocardial repair. Painstaking research from innumerable laboratories throughout the world is prying open doors that may lead to restoration of myocardial structure and function in the wake of pathological injury. This global effort has produced deeper mechanistic comprehension coupled with an evolving appreciation for the complexity of myocardial regeneration in the adult context. Undaunted by both known and (as yet) unknown challenges, pursuit of myocardial regenerative medicine mediated by adult stem cell therapy has gathered momentum fueled by tantalizing clues and visionary goals. This concise review takes a somewhat different perspective than our initial treatise, taking stock of the business sector that has become an integral part of the field while concurrently updating state of affairs in cutting edge research. Looking retrospectively at advancement over the years as all reviews eventually must, the fundamental lesson to be learned is best explained by Jonatan Mårtensson: "Success will never be a big step in the future. Success is a small step taken just now."
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Broughton
- From the San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, San Diego, CA
| | - Mark A Sussman
- From the San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, San Diego, CA.
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Valsalan R, Joshi R, Adams J, Arstall M. Cardiac failure with bevacizumab: An oversight. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2016; 12:e194-5. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohith Valsalan
- Department of Medical Oncology; Lyell McEwin Hospital; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology; Lyell McEwin Hospital; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Jacqui Adams
- Department of Medical Oncology; Lyell McEwin Hospital; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Margaret Arstall
- Department of Cardiology; Lyell McEwin Hospital; Adelaide South Australia Australia
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Anderson JD, Johansson HJ, Graham CS, Vesterlund M, Pham MT, Bramlett CS, Montgomery EN, Mellema MS, Bardini RL, Contreras Z, Hoon M, Bauer G, Fink KD, Fury B, Hendrix KJ, Chedin F, El-Andaloussi S, Hwang B, Mulligan MS, Lehtiö J, Nolta JA. Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Reveals Modulation of Angiogenesis via Nuclear Factor-KappaB Signaling. Stem Cells 2016; 34:601-13. [PMID: 26782178 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are known to facilitate healing of ischemic tissue related diseases through proangiogenic secretory proteins. Recent studies further show that MSC derived exosomes function as paracrine effectors of angiogenesis, however, the identity of which components of the exosome proteome responsible for this effect remains elusive. To address this we used high-resolution isoelectric focusing coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, an unbiased high throughput proteomics approach to comprehensively characterize the proteinaceous contents of MSCs and MSC derived exosomes. We probed the proteome of MSCs and MSC derived exosomes from cells cultured under expansion conditions and under ischemic tissue simulated conditions to elucidate key angiogenic paracrine effectors present and potentially differentially expressed in these conditions. In total, 6,342 proteins were identified in MSCs and 1,927 proteins in MSC derived exosomes, representing to our knowledge the first time these proteomes have been probed comprehensively. Multilayered analyses identified several putative paracrine effectors of angiogenesis present in MSC exosomes and increased in expression in MSCs exposed to ischemic tissue-simulated conditions; these include platelet derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and most notably nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkB) signaling pathway proteins. NFkB signaling was identified as a key mediator of MSC exosome induced angiogenesis in endothelial cells by functional in vitro validation using a specific inhibitor. Collectively, the results of our proteomic analysis show that MSC derived exosomes contain a robust profile of angiogenic paracrine effectors, which have potential for the treatment of ischemic tissue-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathon D Anderson
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Henrik J Johansson
- Cancer Proteomics, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Calvin S Graham
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mattias Vesterlund
- Cancer Proteomics, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Missy T Pham
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Charles S Bramlett
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth N Montgomery
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Matt S Mellema
- Surgical and Radiological Sciences, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Renee L Bardini
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Zelenia Contreras
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Madeline Hoon
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Gerhard Bauer
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kyle D Fink
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Brian Fury
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kyle J Hendrix
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Frederic Chedin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Samir El-Andaloussi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Billie Hwang
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael S Mulligan
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Janne Lehtiö
- Cancer Proteomics, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan A Nolta
- Stem Cell Program, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Yin PT, Han E, Lee KB. Engineering Stem Cells for Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:10-55. [PMID: 25772134 PMCID: PMC5810416 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are characterized by a number of useful properties, including their ability to migrate, differentiate, and secrete a variety of therapeutic molecules such as immunomodulatory factors. As such, numerous pre-clinical and clinical studies have utilized stem cell-based therapies and demonstrated their tremendous potential for the treatment of various human diseases and disorders. Recently, efforts have focused on engineering stem cells in order to further enhance their innate abilities as well as to confer them with new functionalities, which can then be used in various biomedical applications. These engineered stem cells can take on a number of forms. For instance, engineered stem cells encompass the genetic modification of stem cells as well as the use of stem cells for gene delivery, nanoparticle loading and delivery, and even small molecule drug delivery. The present Review gives an in-depth account of the current status of engineered stem cells, including potential cell sources, the most common methods used to engineer stem cells, and the utilization of engineered stem cells in various biomedical applications, with a particular focus on tissue regeneration, the treatment of immunodeficiency diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry T Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Edward Han
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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Bagno LL, Carvalho D, Mesquita F, Louzada RA, Andrade B, Kasai-Brunswick TH, Lago VM, Suhet G, Cipitelli D, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Campos-de-Carvalho AC. Sustained IGF-1 Secretion by Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Improves Infarcted Heart Function. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:1609-1622. [PMID: 26624235 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x690215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which stem cell-based therapy improves heart function is still unknown, but paracrine mechanisms seem to be involved. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) secrete several factors, including insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which may contribute to myocardial regeneration. Our aim was to investigate whether the overexpression of IGF-1 in ADSCs (IGF-1-ADSCs) improves treatment of chronically infarcted rat hearts. ADSCs were transduced with a lentiviral vector to induce IGF-1 overexpression. IGF-1-ADSCs transcribe100- to 200-fold more IGF-1 mRNA levels compared to nontransduced ADSCs. IGF-1 transduction did not alter ADSC immunophenotypic characteristics even under hypoxic conditions. However, IGF-1-ADSCs proliferate at higher rates and release greater amounts of growth factors such as IGF-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Importantly, IGF-1 secreted by IGF-1-ADSCs is functional given that Akt-1 phosphorylation was remarkably induced in neonatal cardiomyocytes cocultured with IGF-1-ADSCs, and this increase was prevented with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor treatment. Next, we tested IGF-1-ADSCs in a rat myocardial infarction (MI) model. MI was performed by coronary ligation, and 4 weeks after MI, animals received intramyocardial injections of either ADSCs (n = 7), IGF-1-ADSCs (n = 7), or vehicle (n = 7) into the infarcted border zone. Left ventricular function was evaluated by echocardiography before and after 6 weeks of treatment, and left ventricular hemodynamics were assessed 7 weeks after cell injection. Notably, IGF-1-ADSCs improved left ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac contractility index, but did not reduce scar size when compared to the ADSC-treated group. In summary, transplantation of ADSCs transduced with IGF-1 is a superior therapeutic approach to treat MI compared to nontransduced ADSCs, suggesting that gene and cell therapy may bring additional benefits to the treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza L Bagno
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Nanoparticles-Assisted Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:1384658. [PMID: 26839552 PMCID: PMC4709699 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1384658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has attracted increasing attention as a promising treatment strategy for cardiac repair in ischemic heart disease. Nanoparticles (NPs), with their superior physical and chemical properties, have been widely utilized to assist stem cell therapy. With the help of NPs, stem cells can be genetically engineered for enhanced paracrine profile. To further understand the fate and behaviors of stem cells in ischemic myocardium, imaging NPs can label stem cells and be tracked in vivo under multiple modalities. Besides that, NPs can also be used to enhance stem cell retention in myocardium. These facts have raised efforts on the development of more intelligent and multifunctional NPs for cellular application. Herein, an overview of the applications of NPs-assisted stem cell therapy is given. Key issues and future prospects are also critically addressed.
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77
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Wang DD, Yang M, Zhu Y, Mao C. Reiterated Targeting Peptides on the Nanoparticle Surface Significantly Promote Targeted Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Delivery to Stem Cells. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3897-903. [PMID: 26588028 PMCID: PMC4922499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Nonviral gene delivery vectors hold great promise for gene therapy due to the safety concerns with viral vectors. However, the application of nonviral vectors is hindered by their low transfection efficiency. Herein, in order to tackle this challenge, we developed a nonviral vector integrating lipids, sleeping beauty transposon system and 8-mer stem cell targeting peptides for safe and efficient gene delivery to hard-to-transfect mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The 8-mer MSC-targeting peptides, when synthetically reiterated in three folds and chemically presented on the surface, significantly promoted the resultant lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNs) to deliver VEGF gene into MSCs with a high transfection efficiency (∼52%) and long-lasting gene expression (for longer than 170 h) when compared to nonreiterated peptides. However, the reiterated stem cell targeting peptides do not enable the highly efficient gene transfer to other control cells. This work suggests that the surface presentation of the reiterated stem cell-targeting peptides on the nonviral vectors is a promising method for improving the efficiency of cell-specific nonviral gene transfection in stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Mingying Yang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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Improving Cell Engraftment in Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:7168797. [PMID: 26783405 PMCID: PMC4691492 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7168797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) affects millions of people worldwide. MI causes massive cardiac cell death and heart function decrease. However, heart tissue cannot effectively regenerate by itself. While stem cell therapy has been considered an effective approach for regeneration, the efficacy of cardiac stem cell therapy remains low due to inferior cell engraftment in the infarcted region. This is mainly a result of low cell retention in the tissue and poor cell survival under ischemic, immune rejection and inflammatory conditions. Various approaches have been explored to improve cell engraftment: increase of cell retention using biomaterials as cell carriers; augmentation of cell survival under ischemic conditions by preconditioning cells, genetic modification of cells, and controlled release of growth factors and oxygen; and enhancement of cell survival by protecting cells from excessive inflammation and immune surveillance. In this paper, we review current progress, advantages, disadvantages, and potential solutions of these approaches.
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How to Improve the Survival of Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Ischemic Heart? Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:9682757. [PMID: 26681958 PMCID: PMC4670674 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9682757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is an intensely studied stem cell type applied for cardiac repair. For decades, the preclinical researches on animal model and clinical trials have suggested that MSC transplantation exerts therapeutic effect on ischemic heart disease. However, there remain major limitations to be overcome, one of which is the very low survival rate after transplantation in heart tissue. Various strategies have been tried to improve the MSC survival, and many of them showed promising results. In this review, we analyzed the studies in recent years to summarize the methods, effects, and mechanisms of the new strategies to address this question.
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80
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Zhang Z, Pu Y, Pan Q, Xu X, Yan X. Influences of keratinocyte growth factor - mesenchymal stem cells on chronic liver injury in rats. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 44:1810-1817. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1105237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Zhu K, Wu M, Lai H, Guo C, Li J, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang C, Shi J. Nanoparticle-enhanced generation of gene-transfected mesenchymal stem cells for in vivo cardiac repair. Biomaterials 2015; 74:188-99. [PMID: 26461114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of gene-transfected bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) is a promising strategy for ischemic myocardium repair, but current therapeutic strategy suffers from high toxicity and inefficient gene transfection in primary BMMSCs. Here we designed and synthesized molecularly organic-inorganic hybrid hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (HMONs) based on nano-synthetic chemistry, which are featured with concurrent large pore size over 20 nm, small particulate size, hollow cavity and high dispersity for gene transfection in BMMSCs and subsequent in vivo cardiac repair. To efficiently create the therapeutic gene-transfected stem-cell lines, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene was applied to transfect BMMSCs via biocompatible surface-engineered HMONs as a high-performance gene-delivery nanosystem. On the rat model of myocardial infarction, transplantation of HGF gene-transfected BMMSCs enables the largely decreased apoptotic cardiomyocytes, reduced infarct scar size, relieved interstitial fibrosis, and increased angiogenesis in myocardium. The resultant cardiac repair further promotes the significant improvement of heart function. Therefore, the fabricated organic-inorganic hybrid HMONs with large pore size represent a generalizable strategy and platform for gene transfection in BMMSCs and further regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Meiying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Hao Lai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Changfa Guo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China.
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Zhang F, Cui J, Liu X, Lv B, Liu X, Xie Z, Yu B. Roles of microRNA-34a targeting SIRT1 in mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:195. [PMID: 26446137 PMCID: PMC4597437 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have had positive outcomes both in animal models of cardiovascular diseases and in clinical patients. However, the number and function of MSCs decline during hypoxia and serum deprivation (H/SD), reducing their ability to contribute to endogenous injury repair. MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) is originally identified as a TP53-targeted miRNA that modulates cell functions, including apoptosis, proliferation, and senescence via several signaling pathways, and hence is an appealing target for MSC-based therapy for myocardial infarction. Methods Bone marrow-derived MSCs were isolated from 60–80 g male donor rats. Expression levels of miR-34a were determined by qRT-PCR. The roles of miR-34a in regulating cell vitality, apoptosis and senescence were investigated using the cell counting kit (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, respectively. The expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and forkhead box class O 3a (FOXO3a) and of apoptosis- and senescence-associated proteins in MSCs were analyzed by western blotting. Results The results of the current study showed that miR-34a was significantly up-regulated under H/SD conditions in MSCs, while overexpression of miR-34a was significantly associated with increased apoptosis, impaired cell vitality and aggravated senescence. Moreover, we found that the mechanism underlying the proapoptotic function of miR-34a involves activation of the SIRT1/FOXO3a pathway, mitochondrial dysfunction and finally, activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Further study showed that miR-34a can also aggravate MSC senescence, an effect which was partly abolished by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Conclusions Our study demonstrates for the first time that miR-34a plays pro-apoptotic and pro-senescence roles in MSCs by targeting SIRT1. Thus, inhibition of miR-34a might have important therapeutic implications in MSC-based therapy for myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Zhang
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China.
| | - Jinjin Cui
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Mudanjiang Forestry Central Hospital, 50 XinhuaRoad, Mudanjiang, 157000, P.R. China.
| | - Bo Lv
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China.
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China.
| | - Zulong Xie
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China. .,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 148 Baojian Road, Harbin, 150086, P.R. China.
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Esfahani M, Karimi F, Afshar S, Niknazar S, Sohrabi S, Najafi R. Prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors act as agents to enhance the efficiency of cell therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015; 15:1739-55. [PMID: 26325448 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.1084281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In stem cell-based therapy as a subtype of regenerative medicine, stem cells can be used to replace or repair injured tissue and cells in order to treat disease. Stem cells have the ability to integrate into injured areas and produce new cells via processes of proliferation and differentiation. Several studies have demonstrated that hypoxia increases self-renewal, proliferation and post-homing differentiation of stem cells through the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)-mediated gene expression. Thus, pharmacological interventions including prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors are considered as promising solutions for stem cell-based therapy. PHD inhibitors stabilize the HIF-1 and activate its pathway through preventing proteasomal degradation of HIF-1. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the role of hypoxia, HIF-1 and especially PHD inhibitors on cell therapy. PHD structure and function are discussed as well as their inhibitors. In addition, we have investigated several preclinical studies in which PHD inhibitors improved the efficiency of cell-based therapies. EXPERT OPINION The data reviewed here suggest that PHD inhibitors are effective operators in improving stem cell therapy. However, because of some limitations, these compounds should be properly examined before clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Esfahani
- a 1 Research center for molecular medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- a 1 Research center for molecular medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- a 1 Research center for molecular medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Somayeh Niknazar
- b 2 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Hearing Disorders Research Center , Tehran, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sareh Sohrabi
- a 1 Research center for molecular medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- a 1 Research center for molecular medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan, the Islamic Republic of Iran
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D'souza N, Rossignoli F, Golinelli G, Grisendi G, Spano C, Candini O, Osturu S, Catani F, Paolucci P, Horwitz EM, Dominici M. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as a delivery platform in cell and gene therapies. BMC Med 2015; 13:186. [PMID: 26265166 PMCID: PMC4534031 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine relying on cell and gene therapies is one of the most promising approaches to repair tissues. Multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC), a population of progenitors committing into mesoderm lineages, are progressively demonstrating therapeutic capabilities far beyond their differentiation capacities. The mechanisms by which MSC exert these actions include the release of biomolecules with anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, anti-fibrogenic, and trophic functions. While we expect the spectra of these molecules with a therapeutic profile to progressively expand, several human pathological conditions have begun to benefit from these biomolecule-delivering properties. In addition, MSC have also been proposed to vehicle genes capable of further empowering these functions. This review deals with the therapeutic properties of MSC, focusing on their ability to secrete naturally produced or gene-induced factors that can be used in the treatment of kidney, lung, heart, liver, pancreas, nervous system, and skeletal diseases. We specifically focus on the different modalities by which MSC can exert these functions. We aim to provide an updated understanding of these paracrine mechanisms as a prerequisite to broadening the therapeutic potential and clinical impact of MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi D'souza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Rossignoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Golinelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlotta Spano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Olivia Candini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Satoru Osturu
- The Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Fabio Catani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Paolucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Edwin M Horwitz
- The Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124, Modena, Italy.
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Follin B, Juhl M, Cohen S, Pedersen AE, Gad M, Kastrup J, Ekblond A. Human adipose-derived stromal cells in a clinically applicable injectable alginate hydrogel: Phenotypic and immunomodulatory evaluation. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:1104-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Labedz-Maslowska A, Lipert B, Berdecka D, Kedracka-Krok S, Jankowska U, Kamycka E, Sekula M, Madeja Z, Dawn B, Jura J, Zuba-Surma EK. Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-Induced Protein 1 (MCPIP1) Enhances Angiogenic and Cardiomyogenic Potential of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26214508 PMCID: PMC4516329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The current evidence suggests that beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) toward myocardial repair are largely due to paracrine actions of several factors. Although Monocyte chemoattractant protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) is involved in the regulation of inflammatory response, apoptosis and angiogenesis, whether MCPIP1 plays any role in stem cell-induced cardiac repair has never been examined. By employing retroviral (RV)-transduced overexpression of MCPIP1, we investigated the impact of MCPIP1 on viability, apoptosis, proliferation, metabolic activity, proteome, secretome and differentiation capacity of murine bone marrow (BM) - derived MSCs. MCPIP1 overexpression enhanced angiogenic and cardiac differentiation of MSCs compared with controls as indicated by elevated expression of genes accompanying angiogenesis and cardiomyogenesis in vitro. The proangiogenic activity of MCPIP1-overexpressing MSCs (MCPIP1-MSCs) was also confirmed by increased capillary-like structure formation under several culture conditions. This increase in differentiation capacity was associated with decreased proliferation of MCPIP1-MSCs when compared with controls. MCPIP1-MSCs also expressed increased levels of proteins involved in angiogenesis, autophagy, and induction of differentiation, but not adverse inflammatory agents. We conclude that MCPIP1 enhances endothelial and cardiac differentiation of MSCs. Thus, modulating MCPIP1 expression may be a novel approach useful for enhancing the immune-regulatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and regenerative capacity of BM-derived MSCs for myocardial repair and regeneration of ischemic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Labedz-Maslowska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Lipert
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominika Berdecka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kedracka-Krok
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Urszula Jankowska
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Kamycka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Sekula
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Jolanta Jura
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa K. Zuba-Surma
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Reparative Potential in Ischemic Heart Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 68:599-611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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88
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Badimon L, Oñate B, Vilahur G. Células madre mesenquimales derivadas de tejido adiposo y su potencial reparador en la enfermedad isquémica coronaria. Rev Esp Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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89
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Yao Y, Huang J, Geng Y, Qian H, Wang F, Liu X, Shang M, Nie S, Liu N, Du X, Dong J, Ma C. Paracrine action of mesenchymal stem cells revealed by single cell gene profiling in infarcted murine hearts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129164. [PMID: 26043119 PMCID: PMC4456391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recently demonstrated as a promising stem cell type to rescue damaged myocardium after acute infarction. One of the most important mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effects is the secretion of paracrine factors. However, the expression profile of paracrine factors of MSCs in infarcted hearts, especially at single cell level, is poorly defined. Methods and Results We aimed to depict the transcriptional profile of paracrine factors secreted by MSCs in vivo, with particular interest in the comparison between normal and infarcted hearts. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and injected into mice hearts immediately after infarction surgery. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) indicated a proportion of cells still alive even up to 10 days post surgery. Paralleled with survived cells, cardiac function was significantly improved after MSC injection compared to that in PBS-injected mice, indicated by MRI and histology. Despite increased number of vessels in MSC-injected hearts, endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes transdifferentiation were not observed in infarcted hearts 5 days after infarction. Furthermore, laser capture microdissection (LCM) followed by high through-put real time PCR was employed in our study, uncovering that the injected MSCs, compared to local cardiomyocytes, displayed elevated levels of secreted factors. To further investigate the regulation of those factors, we performed single cell analysis to dissect the gene expression profile of MSCs at single cell level in infarcted and normal hearts, respectively. Consistent with the in vivo observation, a similar regulation pattern of those factors was detected in cultured MSCs under hypoxia. Conclusions Our study, for the first time, elucidated gene expression profiles, as well as regulation of paracrine factors, of MSCs at single cell level in vivo, indicating that paracrine factors from MSCs account for the improvement of cardiac function after infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Ji Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yongjian Geng
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, Medical School, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Haiyan Qian
- Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Meisheng Shang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Nian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jianzeng Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, P. R. China
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Boucek RJ, Steele J, Jacobs JP, Steele P, Asante-Korang A, Quintessenza J, Steele A. Ex vivo paracrine properties of cardiac tissue: Effects of chronic heart failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015; 34:839-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Zhang F, Cui J, Lv B, Yu B. Nicorandil protects mesenchymal stem cells against hypoxia and serum deprivation-induced apoptosis. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:415-23. [PMID: 26035532 PMCID: PMC4501655 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicorandil, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener, has been shown to exert a significant protective effect against ischemic heart injury. In the present study, we investigated the anti-apoptotic effects of nicorandil on rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) subjected to hypoxia and serum deprivation (H/SD), as well as the potential underlying mechanisms. Apoptosis was induced in the MSCs by exposure to H/SD, and the apoptotic rates and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined by flow cytometry. The mitochondrial inner membrane potential was measured using the membrane-permeable dye, JC-1. Western blot analysis was used to measure the levels of Akt, Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c and cleaved caspase-3. The cell proliferative ability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. The results revealed that H/SD-induced apoptosis was significantly attenuated by treatment with nicorandil in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, nicorandil markedly reduced the levels of ROS which were induced by exposure to H/SD, and increased the stability of mitochondrial membrane potential and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, while it concomitantly decreased the H/SD-induced cleavage of caspase-3 and the release of cytochrome c. Treatment with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002, abolished the beneficial effects of nicorandil on the MSCs. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicate that nicorandil exerts protective effects against MSC apoptosis induced by H/SD and that these effects are mediated through the PI3K/Akt, mitochondrial and ROS signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Zhang
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Cui
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Bo Lv
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
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Ghatalia P, Morgan CJ, Je Y, Nguyen PL, Trinh QD, Choueiri TK, Sonpavde G. Congestive heart failure with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 94:228-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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93
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Ahn SY, Chang YS, Sung DK, Yoo HS, Sung SI, Choi SJ, Park WS. Cell type-dependent variation in paracrine potency determines therapeutic efficacy against neonatal hyperoxic lung injury. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:1025-35. [PMID: 25863963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The aim of this study was to determine the optimal cell type for transplantation to protect against neonatal hyperoxic lung injury. To this end, the in vitro and in vivo therapeutic efficacies and paracrine potencies of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (HUMs), human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (HAMs) and human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (HMNs) were compared. METHODS Hyperoxic injury was induced in vitro in A549 cells by challenge with H2O2. Alternatively, hyperoxic injury was induced in newborn Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo by exposure to hyperoxia (90% oxygen) for 14 days. HUMs, HAMs or HMNs (5 × 10(5) cells) were given intratracheally at postnatal day 5. RESULTS Hyperoxia-induced increases in in vitro cell death and in vivo impaired alveolarization were significantly attenuated in both the HUM and HAM groups but not in the HMN group. Hyperoxia impaired angiogenesis, increased the cell death and pulmonary macrophages and elevated inflammatory cytokine levels. These effects were significantly decreased in the HUM group but not in the HAM or HMN groups. The levels of human vascular endothelial growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor produced by donor cells were highest in HUM group, followed by HAM group and then HMN group. CONCLUSIONS HUMs exhibited the best therapeutic efficacy and paracrine potency than HAMs or HMNs in protecting against neonatal hyperoxic lung injury. These cell type-dependent variations in therapeutic efficacy might be associated or mediated with the paracrine potency of the transplanted donor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yoon Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Sil Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Kyung Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Soo Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se In Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Choi
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Soon Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Han J, Kim B, Shin JY, Ryu S, Noh M, Woo J, Park JS, Lee Y, Lee N, Hyeon T, Choi D, Kim BS. Iron oxide nanoparticle-mediated development of cellular gap junction crosstalk to improve mesenchymal stem cells' therapeutic efficacy for myocardial infarction. ACS NANO 2015; 9:2805-19. [PMID: 25688594 DOI: 10.1021/nn506732n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrophysiological phenotype development and paracrine action of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the critical factors that determine the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs for myocardial infarction (MI). In such respect, coculture of MSCs with cardiac cells has windowed a platform for cardiac priming of MSCs. Particularly, active gap junctional crosstalk of MSCs with cardiac cells in coculture has been known to play a major role in the MSC modification through coculture. Here, we report that iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) significantly augment the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43), a gap junction protein, of cardiomyoblasts (H9C2), which would be critical for gap junctional communication with MSCs in coculture for the generation of therapeutic potential-improved MSCs. MSCs cocultured with IONP-harboring H9C2 (cocultured MSCs: cMSCs) showed active cellular crosstalk with H9C2 and displayed significantly higher levels of electrophysiological cardiac biomarkers and a cardiac repair-favorable paracrine profile, both of which are responsible for MI repair. Accordingly, significantly improved animal survival and heart function were observed upon cMSC injection into rat MI models compared with the injection of unmodified MSCs. The present study highlights an application of IONPs in developing gap junctional crosstalk among the cells and generating cMSCs that exceeds the reparative potentials of conventional MSCs. On the basis of our finding, the potential application of IONPs can be extended in cell biology and stem cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Han
- †School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jung-Youn Shin
- †School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmi Ryu
- §Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungkyung Noh
- †School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Youjin Lee
- †School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
- ∥Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Nohyun Lee
- ⊥School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 136-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- †School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
- ∥Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Byung-Soo Kim
- †School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
- §Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea
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95
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Mesenchymal stromal cells for sphincter regeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 82-83:123-36. [PMID: 25451135 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), defined as the involuntary loss of considerable amounts of urine during increased abdominal pressure (exertion, effort, sneezing, coughing, etc.), is a severe problem to the individuals affected and a significant medical, social and economic challenge. SUI is associated with pelvic floor debility, absence of detrusor contraction, or a loss of control over the sphincter muscle apparatus. The pathology includes an increasing loss of muscle cells, replacement of muscular tissue with fibrous tissue, and general aging associated processes of the sphincter complex. When current therapies fail to cure or improve SUI, application of regeneration-competent cells may be an alternative therapeutic option. Here we discuss different aspects of the biology of mesenchymal stromal cells, which are relevant to their clinical applications and for regenerating the sphincter complex. However, there are reports in favor of and against cell-based therapies. We therefore summarize the potential and the risks of cell-based therapies for the treatment of SUI.
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96
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Tang JM, Luo B, Xiao JH, Lv YX, Li XL, Zhao JH, Zheng F, Zhang L, Chen L, Yang JY, Guo LY, Wang L, Yan YW, Pan YM, Wang JN, Li DS, Wan Y, Chen SY. VEGF-A promotes cardiac stem cell engraftment and myocardial repair in the infarcted heart. Int J Cardiol 2015; 183:221-31. [PMID: 25679991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A subtypes improve cardiac stem cell (CSC) engraftment and promote CSC-mediated myocardial repair in the infarcted heart. METHODS CSCs were treated with VEGF receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors, VCAM-1 antibody (VCAM-1-Ab), or PKC-α inhibitor followed by the treatment with VEGF-A. CSC adhesion assays were performed in vitro. In vivo, the PKH26-labeled and VCAM-1-Ab or PKC-α inhibitor pre-treated CSCs were treated with VEGF-A followed by implantation into infarcted rat hearts. The hearts were then collected for measuring CSC engraftment and evaluating cardiac fibrosis and function 3 or 28days after the CSC transplantation. RESULTS All three VEGF-A subtypes promoted CSC adhesion to extracellular matrix and endothelial cells. VEGF-A-mediated CSC adhesion required VEGFR and PKCα signaling. Importantly, VEGF-A induced VCAM-1, but not ICAM-1 expression in CSCs through PKCα signaling. In vivo, VEGF-A promoted the engraftment of CSCs in infarcted hearts, which was attenuated by PKCα inhibitor or VCAM-1-Ab. Moreover, VEGF-A-mediated CSC engraftment resulted in a reduction in infarct size and fibrosis. Functional studies showed that the transplantation of the VEGF-A-treated CSCs stimulated extensive angiomyogenesis in infarcted hearts as indicated by the expression of cardiac troponin T and von Willebrand factor, leading to an improved performance of left ventricle. Blockade of PKCα signaling or VCAM-1 significantly diminished the beneficial effects of CSCs treated with VEGF-A. CONCLUSION VEGF-A promotes myocardial repair through, at least in part, enhancing the engraftment of CSCs mediated by PKCα/VCAM-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ming Tang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China; Department of Physiology and Key Lab of human Embryonic Stem Cell of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei 442000, China; Center for Medical Research and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Hubei 430071, China.
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Physiology and Key Lab of human Embryonic Stem Cell of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Jun-hui Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Yan-xia Lv
- Department of Physiology and Key Lab of human Embryonic Stem Cell of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Xiao-lin Li
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Jin-he Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Long Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Jian-Ye Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Lin-Yun Guo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Yu-Wen Yan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Ya-Mo Pan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Jia-Ning Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Dong-sheng Li
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Yu Wan
- Center for Medical Research and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Hubei 430071, China.
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Stable phase post-MI patients have elevated VEGF levels correlated with inflammation markers, but not with atherosclerotic burden. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2014; 14:166. [PMID: 25417001 PMCID: PMC4251840 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients in the stable phase after myocardial infarction (MI) has not yet been explored. Therefore, we compared the values of VEGF in post-MI patients with those obtained in healthy controls. Furthermore, we investigated whether the values of VEGF correlate to either inflammation markers or the atherosclerotic burden. METHODS 41 male patients (on average 44 years old) in the stable phase after MI (on average 20.5 months after MI) were recruited, while 25 healthy age-matched males served as controls. Plasma levels of VEGF and several markers of inflammation were measured by standard procedures. The atherosclerotic burden was determined by the angiographic severity of coronary atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction (measured by ultrasound measurement of the flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery), the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery and the ankle-brachial pressure index. RESULTS VEGF values were significantly elevated in post-MI patients compared to the controls (53.8 ± 42.7 pg/ml vs. 36.3 ± 8.9 pg/ml, p = 0.014). The elevated VEGF values significantly correlated to the (increased) values of the inflammatory molecules interleukin 6 and 8 (r = 0.37, p = 0.017; and r = 0.45, p = 0.003; respectively). In contrast, no correlation was found between VEGF and the parameters of the atherosclerotic burden, although FMD and IMT were significantly impaired in patients. CONCLUSIONS We found that plasma levels of VEGF are increased in the stable phase after MI and correlate with inflammation cytokines, but not with the atherosclerotic burden. Thus, this suggests that increased levels of VEGF are a part of ongoing inflammatory activity. Since VEGF in these patients stimulates neovascularization of inflamed plaques and induces their destabilization, the VEGF level can have an important negative prognostic value. Clearly, further studies are needed to clarify the role of VEGF as a prognostic marker.
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98
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Michelis KC, Boehm M, Kovacic JC. New vessel formation in the context of cardiomyocyte regeneration--the role and importance of an adequate perfusing vasculature. Stem Cell Res 2014; 13:666-82. [PMID: 24841067 PMCID: PMC4213356 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The history of revascularization for cardiac ischemia dates back to the early 1960's when the first coronary artery bypass graft procedures were performed in humans. With this 50 year history of providing a new vasculature to ischemic and hibernating myocardium, a profound depth of experience has been amassed in clinical cardiovascular medicine as to what does, and does not work in the context of cardiac revascularization, alleviating ischemia and adequacy of myocardial perfusion. These issues are of central relevance to contemporary cell-based cardiac regenerative approaches. While the cardiovascular cell therapy field is surging forward on many exciting fronts, several well accepted clinical axioms related to the cardiac arterial supply appear to be almost overlooked by some of our current basic conceptual and experimental cell therapy paradigms. We present here information drawn from five decades of the clinical revascularization experience, review relevant new data on vascular formation via cell therapy, and put forward the case that for optimal cell-based cardiac regeneration due attention must be paid to providing an adequate vascular supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine C Michelis
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manfred Boehm
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Chen M, Li YF, Besenbacher F. Electrospun nanofibers-mediated on-demand drug release. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:1721-32. [PMID: 24891134 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A living system has a complex and accurate regulation system with intelligent sensor-processor-effector components to enable the release of vital bioactive substances on demand at a specific site and time. Stimuli-responsive polymers mimic biological systems in a crude way where an external stimulus results in a change in conformation, solubility, or alternation of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance, and consequently release of a bioactive substance. Electrospinning is a straightforward and robust method to produce nanofibers with the potential to incorporate drugs in a simple, rapid, and reproducible process. This feature article emphasizes an emerging area using an electrospinning technique to generate biomimetic nanofibers as drug delivery devices that are responsive to different stimuli, such as temperature, pH, light, and electric/magnetic field for controlled release of therapeutic substances. Although at its infancy, the mimicry of these stimuli-responsive nanofibers to the function of the living systems includes both the fibrous structural feature and bio-regulation function as an on demand drug release depot. The electrospun nanofibers with extracellular matrix morphology intrinsically guide cellular drug uptake, which will be highly desired to translate the promise of drug delivery for the clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Chen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center; Aarhus University; DK-8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Yan-Fang Li
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center; Aarhus University; DK-8000 Aarhus Denmark
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Yan X, Sasi SP, Gee H, Lee J, Yang Y, Mehrzad R, Onufrak J, Song J, Enderling H, Agarwal A, Rahimi L, Morgan J, Wilson PF, Carrozza J, Walsh K, Kishore R, Goukassian DA. Cardiovascular risks associated with low dose ionizing particle radiation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110269. [PMID: 25337914 PMCID: PMC4206415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous epidemiologic data demonstrate that cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality may occur decades after ionizing radiation exposure. With increased use of proton and carbon ion radiotherapy and concerns about space radiation exposures to astronauts on future long-duration exploration-type missions, the long-term effects and risks of low-dose charged particle irradiation on the CV system must be better appreciated. Here we report on the long-term effects of whole-body proton (1H; 0.5 Gy, 1 GeV) and iron ion (56Fe; 0.15 Gy, 1GeV/nucleon) irradiation with and without an acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) event in mice. We show that cardiac function of proton-irradiated mice initially improves at 1 month but declines by 10 months post-irradiation. In AMI-induced mice, prior proton irradiation improved cardiac function restoration and enhanced cardiac remodeling. This was associated with increased pro-survival gene expression in cardiac tissues. In contrast, cardiac function was significantly declined in 56Fe ion-irradiated mice at 1 and 3 months but recovered at 10 months. In addition, 56Fe ion-irradiation led to poorer cardiac function and more adverse remodeling in AMI-induced mice, and was associated with decreased angiogenesis and pro-survival factors in cardiac tissues at any time point examined up to 10 months. This is the first study reporting CV effects following low dose proton and iron ion irradiation during normal aging and post-AMI. Understanding the biological effects of charged particle radiation qualities on the CV system is necessary both for the mitigation of space exploration CV risks and for understanding of long-term CV effects following charged particle radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Yan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DAG); (XY)
| | - Sharath P. Sasi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hannah Gee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - JuYong Lee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Yongyao Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Raman Mehrzad
- Steward Carney Hospital, Dorchester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jillian Onufrak
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jin Song
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Heiko Enderling
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Akhil Agarwal
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Layla Rahimi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - James Morgan
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Steward Carney Hospital, Dorchester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Paul F. Wilson
- Biosciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America
| | - Joseph Carrozza
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Raj Kishore
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - David A. Goukassian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DAG); (XY)
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