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Murali M, Anandan S, Ansari MA, Alzohairy MA, Alomary MN, Asiri SMM, Almatroudi A, Thriveni MC, Singh SB, Gowtham HG, Aiyaz M, Srinivasa C, Urooj A, Amruthesh KN. Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Phyto-Fabricated from the Obscure Morning Glory Plant Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker Gawl. Molecules 2021; 26:891. [PMID: 33567661 PMCID: PMC7915295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidant, genotoxic, and cytotoxic potentialities of phyto-fabricated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) from Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker Gawl. aqueous leaf extract. The UV-visible spectral analysis of the ZnO-NPs showed an absorption peak at 304 nm with a bandgap energy of 3.54 eV, which are characteristics of zinc nanoparticles. Moreover, the particles were of nano-size (~24.26 nm) with 88.11% purity and were agglomerated as observed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The phyto-fabricated ZnO-NPs offered radical scavenging activity (RSA) in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.45 mg mL-1. In addition, the genotoxicity studies of ZnO-NPs carried out on onion root tips revealed that the particles were able to significantly inhibit the cell division at the mitotic stage with a mitotic index of 39.49%. Further, the cytotoxic studies on HT-29 cells showed that the phyto-fabricated ZnO-NPs could arrest the cell division as early as in the G0/G1 phase (with 92.14%) with 73.14% cells showing early apoptotic symptoms after 24 h of incubation. The results of the study affirm the ability of phyto-fabricated ZnO-NPs from aqueous leaf extract of I. obscura is beneficial in the cytotoxic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India;
| | - Satish Anandan
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (S.A.); (A.U.)
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar 563101, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institutes for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad A. Alzohairy
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim 51431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad N. Alomary
- National Center for Biotechnology, Life Science and Environmental Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Mousa Maadi Asiri
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim 51431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - M. C. Thriveni
- Central Sericultural Germplasm Resources Centre, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Thally Road, TVS Nagar, Hosur 635109, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Sudarshana Brijesh Singh
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (S.B.S.); (H.G.G.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Mohammed Aiyaz
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (S.B.S.); (H.G.G.); (M.A.)
| | - Chandrashekar Srinivasa
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Davangere University, Davangere 577007, Karnataka, India;
| | - Asna Urooj
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (S.A.); (A.U.)
| | - Kestur Nagaraj Amruthesh
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India;
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Hitora Y, Sejiyama A, Honda K, Ise Y, Losung F, Mangindaan RE, Tsukamoto S. Fluorescent image-based high-content screening of extracts of natural resources for cell cycle inhibitors and identification of a new sesquiterpene quinone from the sponge, Dactylospongia metachromia. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 31:115968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Usman M, Khan RA, Khan MR, Abul Farah M, BinSharfan II, Alharbi W, Shaik JP, Parine NR, Alsalme A, Tabassum S. A novel biocompatible formate bridged 1D-Cu(ii) coordination polymer induces apoptosis selectively in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2253-2267. [PMID: 33506238 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03782f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Copper compounds are promising candidates for next-generation metal anticancer drugs. Therefore, we synthesized and characterized a formate bridged 1D coordination polymer [Cu(L)(HCOO)2]n, (L = 2-methoxy-6-methyl-3-((quinolin-8-ylimino)methyl)chroman-4-ol), PCU1, wherein the Cu(ii) center adopts a square pyramidal coordination environment with adjacent CuCu distances of 5.28 Å. Primarily, in vitro DNA interaction studies revealed a metallopolymer which possesses high DNA binding propensity and cleaves DNA via the oxidative pathway. We further analysed its potential on cancerous cells MCF-7, HeLa, A549, and two non-tumorigenic cells HEK293 and HBE. The selective cytotoxicity potential of PCU1 against A549 cells driven us to examine the mechanistic pathways comprehensively by carrying out various assays viz, cell cycle arrest, Annexin V-FTIC/PI assay, autophagy, intercellular localization, mitochondrial membrane potential 'MMP', antiproliferative assay, and gene expression of TGF-β and MMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Usman
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India.
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Shakil MS, Parveen S, Rana Z, Walsh F, Movassaghi S, Söhnel T, Azam M, Shaheen MA, Jamieson SMF, Hanif M, Rosengren RJ, Hartinger CG. High Antiproliferative Activity of Hydroxythiopyridones over Hydroxypyridones and Their Organoruthenium Complexes. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020123. [PMID: 33513800 PMCID: PMC7912191 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxypyr(id)ones are a pharmaceutically important class of compounds that have shown potential in diverse areas of drug discovery. We investigated the 3-hydroxy-4-pyridones 1a-1c and 3-hydroxy-4-thiopyridones 1d-1f as well as their Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl complexes 2a-2f, and report here the molecular structures of 1b and 1d as determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Detailed cell biological investigations revealed potent cytotoxic activity, in particular of the 3-hydroxy-4-thiopyridones 1d-1f, while the Ru complexes of both compound types were less potent, despite still showing antiproliferative activity in the low μM range. The compounds did not modulate the cell cycle distribution of cancer cells but were cytostatic in A549 and cytotoxic in NCI-H522 non-small lung cancer cells, among other effects on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Salman Shakil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (M.S.S.); (Z.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Shahida Parveen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (S.P.); (F.W.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Zohaib Rana
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (M.S.S.); (Z.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Fearghal Walsh
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (S.P.); (F.W.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Sanam Movassaghi
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (S.P.); (F.W.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (S.P.); (F.W.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Mayur Azam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (M.S.S.); (Z.R.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Stephen M. F. Jamieson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (S.P.); (F.W.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (R.J.R.); (C.G.H.)
| | - Rhonda J. Rosengren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (M.S.S.); (Z.R.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (R.J.R.); (C.G.H.)
| | - Christian G. Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (S.P.); (F.W.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (R.J.R.); (C.G.H.)
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Sabran A, Kumolosasi E, Jantan I, Jamal JA, Azmi N, Jasamai M. Induction of cell death and modulation of Annexin A1 by phytoestrogens in human leukemic cell lines. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 29:73-84. [PMID: 33603542 PMCID: PMC7873750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phytoestrogens are polyphenolic plant compounds which are structurally similar to the endogenous mammalian estrogen, 17β-estradiol. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is an endogenous protein which inhibits cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) and phospholipase A2, signal transduction, DNA replication, cell transformation, and mediation of apoptosis. Objective This study aimed to determine the effects of selected phytoestrogens on annexin A1 (ANXA1) expression, mode of cell death and cell cycle arrest in different human leukemic cell lines. Methods Cells viability were examined by MTT assay and ANXA1 quantification via Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometer and phagocytosis effect was evaluated using haematoxylin-eosin staining. Results Coumestrol significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the total level of ANXA1 in both K562 and U937 cells and genistein significantly (p < 0.05) reduced it in K562, Jurkat and U937 cells, meanwhile estradiol and daidzein induced similar reduction in U937 and Jurkat cells. Coumestrol and daidzein induced apoptosis in K562 and Jurkat cells, while genistein and estradiol induced apoptosis in all tested cells. Coumestrol and estradiol induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in K562 and Jurkat cells with an addition of U937 cells for estradiol. Genistein induced cell cycle arrest at S phase for both K562 and Jurkat cells. However, daidzein induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in K562, and G2/M phase of Jurkat cells. Coumestrol, genistein and estradiol induced phagocytosis in all tested cells but daidzein induced significant (p < 0.05) phagocytosis in K562 and Jurkat cells only. Conclusion The selected phytoestrogens induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and phagocytosis and at the same time they reduced ANXA1 level in the tested cells. The IC50 value of phytoestrogens was undetectable at the concentrations tested, their ability to induce leukemic cells death may be related with their ability to reduce the levels of ANXA1. These findings can be used as a new approach in cancer treatment particularly in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Affidah Sabran
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Endang Kumolosasi
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamia Azdina Jamal
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norazrina Azmi
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Malina Jasamai
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Evaluation of the anticancer activity of enzymatically synthesized Baccatin III: an intermediate precursor of Taxol®. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:465. [PMID: 33088661 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02457-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Baccatin III is an important precursor for the synthesis of clinically important anticancer drug Taxol. Previously, we have characterized a key enzyme of 10-deacetylbaccatin III-10-β-O-acetyltransferase (DBAT) which catalyses the 10-deacetylbaccatin III into baccatin III in taxol biosynthesis. Here, in the present study, we have evaluated and compared the cytotoxic properties of the enzymatically synthesized baccatin III (ESB III) with standard baccatin III in different human cancer cell lines, namely human cervical cancer (HeLa), human lung cancer (A549), human skin cancer (A431) and human liver cancer cells (HepG2). Among the various cancer lines tested, HeLa was more susceptible to ESB III with IC50 of 4.30 µM while IC50 values for A549, A431 and HepG2 ranged from 4 to 7.81 µM. Further, it showed G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, production of reactive oxygen species and depolarised mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, annexin V-FITC staining was performed which showed the apoptotic cell death of HeLa cells, when treated with ESB III. Hence, ESB III was capable to show anticancer activities by inducing apoptotic cell death which could further be used for the semisynthesis of taxol in future.
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Tanaka H, Okamoto K, Sato Y, Tanaka T, Tomonari T, Nakamura F, Fujino Y, Mitsui Y, Miyamoto H, Muguruma N, Morita A, Ikushima H, Takayama T. Synergistic anti-tumor activity of miriplatin and radiation through PUMA-mediated apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:1072-1086. [PMID: 32666201 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-020-01705-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis for patients with unresectable advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poor. Miriplatin is a hydrophobic platinum compound that has a long retention time in lesions after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). We investigated anti-tumor activity of miriplatin combined with irradiation on HCC cells, and its underlying mechanism of apoptosis. We also analyzed the effectiveness of miriplatin-TACE and radiotherapy for locally advanced HCC. METHODS Human HCC cell lines HepG2 and HuH-7 were treated with DPC (active form of miriplatin) and radiation, and synergy was evaluated using a combination index (CI). Apoptosis-related proteins and cell cycles were analyzed by western blotting and flowcytometry. We retrospectively analyzed treatment outcomes in 10 unresectable HCC patients with vascular/bile duct invasion treated with miriplatin-TACE and radiotherapy. RESULTS DPC or X-ray irradiation decreased cell viability dose-dependently. DPC plus irradiation decreased cell viability synergistically in both cell lines (CI < 1, respectively). Cleaved PARP expression was induced much more strongly by DPC plus irradiation than by each treatment alone. Expression of p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) was significantly induced by the combination, and knockdown of PUMA with siRNA significantly decreased apoptosis in both cell lines. DPC plus irradiation caused sub-G1, G2/M, and S phase cell arrest in those cells. The combination of miriplatin-TACE and radiotherapy showed a high response rate for patients with locally advanced HCC despite small number of patients. CONCLUSIONS Miriplatin plus irradiation had synergistic anti-tumor activity on HCC cells through PUMA-mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. This combination may possibly be effective in treating locally advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tetsu Tomonari
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Fumika Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mitsui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Naoki Muguruma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Akinori Morita
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ikushima
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Takayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
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Chang KF, Huang XF, Chang JT, Huang YC, Lo WS, Hsiao CY, Tsai NM. Cedrol, a Sesquiterpene Alcohol, Enhances the Anticancer Efficacy of Temozolomide in Attenuating Drug Resistance via Regulation of the DNA Damage Response and MGMT Expression. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3021-3029. [PMID: 32960603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common and aggressive brain tumor with a median survival of 12-15 months. Temozolomide (TMZ) is a first-line chemotherapeutic agent used in GBM therapy, but the occurrence of drug resistance limits its antitumor activity. The natural compound cedrol has remarkable antitumor activity and is derived from Cedrus atlantica. In this study, we investigated the combined effect of TMZ and cedrol in GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. The TMZ and cedrol combination treatment resulted in consistently higher suppression of cell proliferation via regulation of the AKT and MAPK signaling pathways in GBM cells. The combination treatment induced cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis, and DNA damage better than either drug alone. Furthermore, cedrol reduced the expression of proteins associated with drug resistance, including O6-methlyguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), and CD133 in TMZ-treated GBM cells. In the animal study, the combination treatment significantly suppressed tumor growth through the induction of cell apoptosis and decreased TMZ drug resistance. Moreover, cedrol-treated mice exhibited no significant differences in body weight and improved TMZ-induced liver damage. These results imply that cedrol may be a potential novel agent for combination treatment with TMZ for GBM therapy that deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Fu Chang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Xiao-Fan Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jinghua Tsai Chang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Chih Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Syuan Lo
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Yen Hsiao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, 60002, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nu-Man Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, ROC
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Xie Y, Wang Y, Xiang W, Wang Q, Cao Y. Molecular Mechanisms of the Action of Myricetin in Cancer. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:123-133. [PMID: 31648635 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191018112756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural compounds, such as paclitaxel and camptothecin, have great effects on the treatment of tumors. Such natural chemicals often achieve anti-tumor effects through a variety of mechanisms. Therefore, it is of great significance to conduct further studies on the anticancer mechanism of natural anticancer agents to lay a solid foundation for the development of new drugs. Myricetin, originally isolated from Myrica nagi, is a natural pigment of flavonoids that can inhibit the growth of cancer cells (such as liver cancer, rectal cancer, skin cancer and lung cancer, etc.). It can regulate many intracellular activities (such as anti-inflammatory and blood lipids regulation) and can even be bacteriostatic. The purpose of this paper is to outline the molecular pathways of the anticancer effects of myricetin, including the effect on cancer cell death, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and cell signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Center Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College (University), Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Center Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College (University), Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Center Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College (University), Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiaoying Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanchong Center Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College (University), Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yajun Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Center Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College (University), Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan, China
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Tamborlin L, Sumere BR, de Souza MC, Pestana NF, Aguiar AC, Eberlin MN, Simabuco FM, Rostagno MA, Luchessi AD. Characterization of pomegranate peel extracts obtained using different solvents and their effects on cell cycle and apoptosis in leukemia cells. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5483-5496. [PMID: 33133551 PMCID: PMC7590315 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) has been used in traditional herbal medicine by several cultures as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and for treatment and prevention of cancer and other diseases. Different parts of the fruit, extraction methods, and solvents can define the chemical profile of the obtained extracts and their biological activities. This study aimed to characterize the chemical profile of peel extracts collected using different extraction solvents and their biological effects on the cell cycle and apoptosis of THP-1 leukemic cells. Aqueous extract presented the highest content of punicalagins (α pun = 562.26 ± 47.14 mg/L and β pun = 1,251.13 ± 22.21 mg/L) and the lowest content of ellagic acid (66.38 ± 0.21 mg/L), and it promoted a significant impairment of the cell cycle S phase. In fact, punicalagin-enriched fraction, but not an ellagic acid-enriched fraction, caused an S phase cell cycle arrest. All extracts increased the number of apoptotic cells. Punicalagin-enriched fraction increased the percentage of cells with fragmented DNA, which was intensified by ellagic acid combination. The treatment combining punicalagin and ellagic acid fractions increased the apoptotic cleaved PARP1 protein and reduced the activation of the growth-related mTOR pathway. Thus, these results evidence that solvent choice is critical for the phenolic compounds profile of pomegranate peel extracts and their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Tamborlin
- Laboratory of Biotechnology (BioTech)School of Applied Sciences (FCA)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
- Institute of Biosciences (IB)São Paulo State University (UNESP)Rio ClaroBrazil
| | - Beatriz Rocchetti Sumere
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS)School of Applied Sciences (FCA)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | - Mariana Corrêa de Souza
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS)School of Applied Sciences (FCA)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | - Nathalie Fortes Pestana
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS)School of Applied Sciences (FCA)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | - Ana Carolina Aguiar
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryInstitute of Chemistry (IQ)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasBrazil
| | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry LaboratoryInstitute of Chemistry (IQ)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasBrazil
- MackMass LaboratorySchool of Engineering (PPGEMN)Mackenzie Presbyterian UniversitySão PauloBrazil
| | - Fernando Moreira Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS)School of Applied Sciences (FCA)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | - Maurício Ariel Rostagno
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS)School of Applied Sciences (FCA)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
| | - Augusto Ducati Luchessi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology (BioTech)School of Applied Sciences (FCA)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)LimeiraBrazil
- Institute of Biosciences (IB)São Paulo State University (UNESP)Rio ClaroBrazil
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Bognar Z, Cseh AM, Fekete K, Antus C, Bognar R, Tapodi A, Ramadan FHJ, Sumegi B, Gallyas F. Amiodarone's major metabolite, desethylamiodarone inhibits proliferation of B16-F10 melanoma cells and limits lung metastasis formation in an in vivo experimental model. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239088. [PMID: 32977329 PMCID: PMC7518930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated the in vitro anti-tumor effects of desethylamiodarone (DEA) in bladder and cervix cancer cell lines. In the present study, we intended to establish its potentiality in B16-F10 metastatic melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. We assessed cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle by using sulforhodamine B assay, Muse™ Annexin V & Dead Cell and Muse® Cell Cycle assays, respectively. We determined colony formation after crystal violet staining. For studying mechanistic aspects, immunoblotting analysis was performed. We used a C57BL/6 experimental lung metastasis model for demonstrating in vivo anti-metastatic potential of DEA. DEA inhibited in vitro proliferation and colony formation, and in vivo lung metastasizing properties of B16-F10 cells. It arrested the cells in G0/G1 phase of their cycle likely via p21 in a p53-dependent fashion, and induced caspase mediated apoptosis likely via inversely regulating Bcl-2 and Bax levels, and reducing Akt and ERK1/2 activation. In this study, we provided in vitro and in vivo experimental evidences for DEA’s potentiality in the therapy of metastatic melanomas. Since DEA is the major metabolite of amiodarone, a worldwide used antiarrhythmic drug, safety concerns could be resolved more easily for it than for a novel pharmacological agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zita Bognar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Maria Cseh
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Fekete
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Rita Bognar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Antal Tapodi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Fadi H. J. Ramadan
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Balazs Sumegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Nuclear-Mitochondrial Interactions Research Group, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
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62
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Cucurbitacin D Induces G2/M Phase Arrest and Apoptosis via the ROS/p38 Pathway in Capan-1 Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6571674. [PMID: 33029168 PMCID: PMC7527894 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6571674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis with a five-year survival rate of less than 10%. Moreover, chemotherapy is mostly rendered ineffective owing to chemotherapy resistance and cytotoxicity. Therefore, the development of effective therapeutic strategies and novel drugs against pancreatic cancer is an urgent need. Cucurbitacin D (CuD), a plant steroid derived from Trichosanthes kirilowii, is an anticancer agent effective against various cancer cell lines. However, the anticancer activity and molecular mechanism of CuD in pancreatic cancer remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the anticancer activity and molecular mechanism of CuD in the human pancreatic cancer cell line, Capan-1. CuD induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species generation in Capan-1 cell line. In addition, CuD induced the activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway that regulates apoptosis, which was also inhibited by N-acetyl-L-cysteine and the p38 inhibitor SB203580. These data suggest that CuD induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via the ROS/p38 pathway in Capan-1 pancreatic cancer cell line; hence, CuD is a promising candidate that should be explored further for its effectiveness as an anticancer agent against pancreatic cancer.
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63
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Jing W, Bi Y, Wang G, Zeng S, Han L, Yang H, Wang N, Zhao Y. Krill Oil Perturbs Proliferation and Migration of Mouse Colon Cancer Cells in vitro by Impeding Extracellular Signal-Regulated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway. Lipids 2020; 56:141-153. [PMID: 32931040 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to increase. Treatment of CRC remains a significant clinical challenge, and effective therapies for advanced CRC are desperately needed. Increasing attention and ongoing research efforts have focused on krill oil that may provide health benefits to the human body. Here we report that krill oil exerts in vitro anticancer activity through a direct inhibition on proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of mouse colon cancer cells. Krill oil inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of CT-26 colon cancer cells by causing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Cell cycle arrest was attributable to reduction of cyclin D1 levels in krill oil-treated cells. Further studies revealed that krill oil induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis of CT-26 cells, including loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased cytosolic calcium levels, activation of caspase-3, and downregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins MCL-1 and BCL-XL. Krill oil suppressed migration of CT-26 cells by disrupting the microfilaments and microtubules. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) plays crucial roles in regulating proliferation and migration of cancer cells. We found that krill oil attenuated the activation of ERK signaling pathway to exert the effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration of colon cancer cells. We speculate that polyunsaturated fatty acids of krill oil may dampen ERK activation by decreasing the phospholipid saturation of cell membrane. Although findings from in vitro studies may not necessarily translate in vivo, our study provides insights into the possibility that krill oil or its components could have therapeutic potential in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Jing
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yuxuan Bi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ganyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shuyan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Lihui Han
- Department of Immunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Na Wang
- Jinan Jiyuan Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Longao North Road, Jinan, 250102, China
| | - Yunxue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China.,Department of Immunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
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64
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Pancreatic cancer drug-sensitivity predicted by synergy of p53-Activator Wnt Inhibitor-2 (PAWI-2) and protein biomarker expression. Invest New Drugs 2020; 39:131-141. [PMID: 32915418 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-00998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Today, pancreatic cancer (PC) is a major health problem in the United States. It remains a challenge to develop efficacious clinically useful PC therapies. New avenues, based on translational approaches and innovative validated biomarkers could be a preclinical option to evaluate PC drug candidates or drug combinations before clinical trials. Herein, we describe evaluation of combination therapies by incorporating a novel pathway modulator, p53-Activator Wnt Inhibitor-2 (PAWI-2) with other FDA-approved cancer drugs that have been used in PC clinical trials. PAWI-2 is a potent inhibitor of drug-resistant PC cells that has been shown to selectively ameliorate human pancreatic cancer stem cells (i.e., hPCSCs, FGβ3 cells). In the present study, we showed PAWI-2 produced therapeutic synergism with certain types of anti-cancer drugs. These drugs themselves oftentimes do not ameliorate PC cells (especially PCSCs) due to high levels of drug-resistance. PAWI-2 has the ability to rescue the potency of drugs (i.e., erlotinib, trametinib) and inhibit PC cell growth. Key molecular regulators of PAWI-2 could be used to predict synergistic/antagonistic effects between PAWI-2 and other anti-cancer drugs. Anti-cancer results showed potency could be quite accurately correlated to phosphorylation of optineurin (OPTN) in PC cells. Synergism/antagonism was also associated with inhibition of PCSC marker SOX2 that was observed in FGβ3 cells. Synergism broadens the potential use of PAWI-2 as an adjunct chemotherapy in patients with PC that have developed resistance to first-line targeted therapies or chemotherapies.
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65
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Zhong YF, Cheng J, Liu Y, Luo T, Wang Y, Jiang K, Mo F, Song J. DNA Nanostructures as Pt(IV) Prodrug Delivery Systems to Combat Chemoresistance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003646. [PMID: 32815274 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a first-line drug in clinical cancer treatment but its efficacy is often hindered by chemoresistance in cancer cells. Reduced intracellular drug accumulation is revealed to be a major mechanism of cisplatin resistance. Nanoscale drug delivery systems could help to overcome this problem because of their more active cellular uptake and more accurate tumor localization. DNA nanostructures have emerged as promising drug delivery systems because of their intrinsic biocompatibility and structural programmability. Herein, three diverse DNA nanostructures are constructed and their potential for cisplatin prodrug delivery is investigated. Results found that these DNA nanostructures could remarkably enhance the cellular internalization of platinum drugs and thus increase the anticancer activity, not only to regular lung cancer cells (A549), but more importantly to cisplatin-resistant cancer cells (A549cisR). Further, in vivo studies also demonstrate that cisplatin prodrug loaded DNA nanostructures could effectively suppress tumor growth in both regular and cisplatin-resistant tumor models. This study suggests that DNA nanostructures are effective carriers for platinum prodrug delivery to combat chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Zhong
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Tao Luo
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Fangli Mo
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, P. R. China
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66
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Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) pathway prevents high level endogenous and environmental DNA damage being replicated and passed on to the next generation of cells via an orchestrated and integrated network of cell cycle checkpoint signalling and DNA repair pathways. Depending on the type of damage, and where in the cell cycle it occurs different pathways are involved, with the ATM-CHK2-p53 pathway controlling the G1 checkpoint or ATR-CHK1-Wee1 pathway controlling the S and G2/M checkpoints. Loss of G1 checkpoint control is common in cancer through TP53, ATM mutations, Rb loss or cyclin E overexpression, providing a stronger rationale for targeting the S/G2 checkpoints. This review will focus on the ATM-CHK2-p53-p21 pathway and the ATR-CHK1-WEE1 pathway and ongoing efforts to target these pathways for patient benefit.
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67
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the antiproliferative and proapoptotic actions of N-(5-benzyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide derivative (compound 5) in glioma cells in comparison with the actions of temozolomide (TMZ) and doxorubicin (Dox), used as positive controls. The antiproliferative activity of the compound 5, TMZ, and Dox on human glioblastoma U251 and human glioblastoma multiform T98G cells was measured using the MTT test. Western blot analysis, fluorescent microscopy, agarose gel retardation assay, flow cytometric analysis, and the DNA comet assay under alkaline conditions were carried out to study the effect of compound 5 on U251 cells. This compound showed ~20 times higher cytotoxicity toward U251 and T98G cells compared with the effects of TMZ and approximately two times higher activity than that of the Dox. Compound 5 induced apoptosis in U251 cells by PARP1 and caspase 3 cleavage mechanisms, also inducing an increase in the level of Bax and Bim proapoptotic proteins and a decrease in the level of phosho-ERK1/2 kinase. The cytotoxicity of compound 5 was associated with an increase in the production of the hydrogen peroxide and the formation of DNA single-strand breaks. This compound 5 did not intercalate into a DNA molecule. Thus, the novel thiazole derivative (compound 5) proved to be a potential antiglioma drug that showed much higher cytotoxic action on human glioma cells compared with the effects of TMZ and Dox. Its cytotoxicity is associated with apoptosis induction, production of the reactive oxygen species, and formation of DNA single-strand breaks without significant DNA intercalation.
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68
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Kizaibek M, Wubuli A, Gu Z, Bahetjan D, Tursinbai L, Nurhamit K, Chen B, Wang J, Tahan O, Cao P. Effects of an ethyl acetate extract of Daphne altaica stem bark on the cell cycle, apoptosis and expression of PPARγ in Eca‑109 human esophageal carcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1400-1408. [PMID: 32468007 PMCID: PMC7339551 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Daphne altaica Pall. (D. altaica; Thymelaeaceae) has long been used in traditional Kazakh medicine for the treatment of cancer and respiratory diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated the in vitro anticancer effects of D. altaica extract and its constituents in certain cancer cell lines; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not completely understooD. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the activity of an ethyl acetate extract of D. altaica (Da‑Ea) by assessing its effects on cell morphology, cell apoptosis, cell cycle progression and the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in Eca‑109 cells. Cell morphology was observed under a phase contrast microscope. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle progression were assessed by flow cytometry following Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining and PI single staining, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARγ were determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Compared with the control group, the percentage of apoptotic cells, cell cycle arrest at S phase and apoptotic morphological cell characteristics were increased in Da‑Ea‑treated Eca‑109 cells. Furthermore, Da‑Ea treatment upregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARγ compared with the control cells. High‑performance liquid chromatography with diode‑array detection indicated that daphnetin‑7‑O‑β‑D‑glucoside, daphnetin, demethyldaphnoretin‑7‑O‑β‑D‑glucopyranoside and genkwanol A were the main constituents of Da‑Ea. Collectively, the results suggested that Da‑Ea displayed antiproliferative activities in Eca‑109 cells by inducing apoptosis and S phase cell cycle arrest, as well as upregulating PPARγ expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kizaibek
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, Xinjiang 835000, P.R. China
| | - Ayixiamuguli Wubuli
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Zhengbing Gu
- Jiangsu Yongjian Medical Technology Ltd. Co., Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Didar Bahetjan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, Xinjiang 835000, P.R. China
| | - Lazzat Tursinbai
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, Xinjiang 835000, P.R. China
| | - Kamishbek Nurhamit
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Yining, Xinjiang 835000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Nanjing Research Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
| | - Omirshat Tahan
- College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, P.R. China
| | - Peng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, P.R. China
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69
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Heng MP, Sim KS, Tan KW. Nickel and zinc complexes of testosterone N4-substituted thiosemicarbazone: Selective cytotoxicity towards human colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT 116 and their cell death mechanisms. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 208:111097. [PMID: 32438269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two new Schiff base ligands (TE and TF) were prepared from conjugation of testosterone with 4-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide and 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide, respectively. Their nickel (NE and NF) and zinc (ZE and ZF) complexes were reported. X-ray crystallography revealed a distorted square planar geometry was adopted by NE. The compounds demonstrated excellent selectivity towards the colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT 116 despite their weak preferences towards the prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP). Against HCT 116, all these compounds were able to arrest cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and induce apoptosis via mitochondria-dependent (TE, NE, and TF) and extrinsic apoptotic pathway (ZE, NF, and ZF). Moreover, only ZE was able to act as topoisomease I poison and halt its enzymatic reactions although all compounds presented excellent affinity towards DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mok Piew Heng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kae Shin Sim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kong Wai Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia..
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70
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Abstract
Cell death is an invariant feature throughout our life span, starting with extensive scheduled cell death during morphogenesis and continuing with death under homeostasis in adult tissues. Additionally, cells become victims of accidental, unscheduled death following injury and infection. Cell death in each of these occasions triggers specific and specialized responses in the living cells that surround them or are attracted to the dying/dead cells. These responses sculpt tissues during morphogenesis, replenish lost cells in homeostasis to maintain tissue/system function, and repair damaged tissues after injury. Wherein lies the information that sets in motion the cascade of effector responses culminating in remodeling, renewal, or repair? Here, we attempt to provide a framework for thinking about cell death in terms of the specific effector responses that accompanies various modalities of cell death. We also propose an integrated threefold "cell death code" consisting of information intrinsic to the dying/dead cell, the surroundings of the dying cell, and the identity of the responder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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71
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Kim S, Choung S, Sun RX, Ung N, Hashemi N, Fong EJ, Lau R, Spiller E, Gasho J, Foo J, Mumenthaler SM. Comparison of Cell and Organoid-Level Analysis of Patient-Derived 3D Organoids to Evaluate Tumor Cell Growth Dynamics and Drug Response. SLAS DISCOVERY 2020; 25:744-754. [PMID: 32349587 PMCID: PMC7372585 DOI: 10.1177/2472555220915827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
3D cell culture models have been developed to better mimic the physiological environments that exist in human diseases. As such, these models are advantageous over traditional 2D cultures for screening drug compounds. However, the practicalities of transitioning from 2D to 3D drug treatment studies pose challenges with respect to analysis methods. Patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) possess unique features given their heterogeneity in size, shape, and growth patterns. A detailed assessment of the length scale at which PDTOs should be evaluated (i.e., individual cell or organoid-level analysis) has not been done to our knowledge. Therefore, using dynamic confocal live cell imaging and data analysis methods we examined tumor cell growth rates and drug response behaviors in colorectal cancer (CRC) PDTOs. High-resolution imaging of H2B-GFP-labeled organoids with DRAQ7 vital dye permitted tracking of cellular changes, such as cell birth and death events, in individual organoids. From these same images, we measured morphological features of the 3D objects, including volume, sphericity, and ellipticity. Sphericity and ellipticity were used to evaluate intra- and interpatient tumor organoid heterogeneity. We found a strong correlation between organoid live cell number and volume. Linear growth rate calculations based on volume or live cell counts were used to determine differential responses to therapeutic interventions. We showed that this approach can detect different types of drug effects (cytotoxic vs cytostatic) in PDTO cultures. Overall, our imaging-based quantification workflow results in multiple parameters that can provide patient- and drug-specific information for screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungil Kim
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Choung
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ren X Sun
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nolan Ung
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natasha Hashemi
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Emma J Fong
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roy Lau
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Erin Spiller
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jordan Gasho
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jasmine Foo
- School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Shannon M Mumenthaler
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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72
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Yadav U, Sakla AP, Tokala R, Nyalam ST, Khurana A, Digwal CS, Talla V, Godugu C, Shankaraiah N, Kamal A. Design and Synthesis of 5‐Morpholino‐Thiophene‐Indole/ Oxindole Hybrids as Cytotoxic Agents. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Yadav
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Akash P. Sakla
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Ramya Tokala
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Sai Teja Nyalam
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Department of Regulatory ToxicologyNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Chander Singh Digwal
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Venu Talla
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Regulatory ToxicologyNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia, Hamdard New Delhi 110062 India
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73
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SAHİN K, DURDAGI S. Identifying the Novel Pyrimidine-Based CDK2 Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents Using Text-Mining and Combined Molecular Modeling Approaches. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.701243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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74
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Attarde SS, Pandit SV. Anticancer potential of nanogold conjugated toxin GNP-NN-32 from Naja naja venom. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2020; 26:e20190047. [PMID: 32180805 PMCID: PMC7059613 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2019-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is the second most common fatal disease in the world, behind cardiovascular disorders in the first place. It accounts for around 0.3 million deaths per year in India due to the lack of proper diagnostic facilities, prevention and treatment. Current therapeutic methods do not provide adequate protection and affect normal cells along with cancerous ones. Thus, there is a need for some alternative therapeutic strategy, preferably from natural products, which have been traditionally used for treatment of various diseases in the country. Methods: In this study, we have conjugated purified NN-32 toxin from Naja naja venom with gold nanoparticles and its anticancer potential was evaluated against human breast cancer cell lines. UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and zeta potential analysis were the techniques used for characterization of GNP-NN-32. Results: GNP-NN-32 showed dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). NN-32 and GNP-NN-32 induced apoptosis in both breast cancer cell lines. The results of CFSE cell proliferation study revealed that NN-32 and GNP-NN-32 arrested cell division in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines resulting in inhibition of proliferation of these cancer cells. Conclusion: GNP-NN-32 showed an anticancer potential against human breast cancer cell lines. Analysis of detailed chemical characterization along with its cytotoxic property might help to perceive a new dimension of the anti-cancer potential of GNP-NN-32 that will enhance its biomedical function in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh S Attarde
- Evolutionary Venomics Laboratory, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sangeeta V Pandit
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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75
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Rodríguez-Arce E, Cancino P, Arias-Calderón M, Silva-Matus P, Saldías M. Oxoisoaporphines and Aporphines: Versatile Molecules with Anticancer Effects. Molecules 2019; 25:E108. [PMID: 31892146 PMCID: PMC6983244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease that involves impaired genome stability with a high mortality index globally. Since its discovery, many have searched for effective treatment, assessing different molecules for their anticancer activity. One of the most studied sources for anticancer therapy is natural compounds and their derivates, like alkaloids, which are organic molecules containing nitrogen atoms in their structure. Among them, oxoisoaporphine and sampangine compounds are receiving increased attention due to their potential anticancer effects. Boldine has also been tested as an anticancer molecule. Boldine is the primary alkaloid extract from boldo, an endemic tree in Chile. These compounds and their derivatives have unique structural properties that potentially have an anticancer mechanism. Different studies showed that this molecule can target cancer cells through several mechanisms, including reactive oxygen species generation, DNA binding, and telomerase enzyme inhibition. In this review, we summarize the state-of-art research related to oxoisoaporphine, sampangine, and boldine, with emphasis on their structural characteristics and the relationship between structure, activity, methods of extraction or synthesis, and anticancer mechanism. With an effective cancer therapy still lacking, these three compounds are good candidates for new anticancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Rodríguez-Arce
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8370178, Chile;
| | - Patricio Cancino
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
| | - Manuel Arias-Calderón
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile;
| | - Paul Silva-Matus
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Aysén, Coyhaique 5951537, Chile;
| | - Marianela Saldías
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8370178, Chile;
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76
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Shen D, Wang H, Zheng Q, Cheng S, Xu L, Wang M, Li GH, Xia LQ. Synergistic effect of a retinoid X receptor-selective ligand bexarotene and docetaxel in prostate cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7877-7886. [PMID: 31576145 PMCID: PMC6768013 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s209307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore if bexarotene (BEX) synergistically enhances docetaxel (DTX) cytotoxicity in castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines. Materials and methods MTT assay was used to measure the cytotoxic effect of DTX and BEX on castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cell proliferation and the combination index (CI) values calculated to analyze the interaction between DTX and BEX. Flow cytometry and Western blot analysis identified the underlying mechanism for the synergistic effect of BEX and DTX. Results When mitotic slippage happens, BEX can synergistically strengthen the anti-proliferation of DTX in a way of significantly down-regulating cyclinB1 and CDK1 expression, and then arresting cells in G2 phase. Conclusion Results from this study showed that BEX-induced G2 arrest and DTX-induced mitotic arrest probably contributed to the synergistic effect of BEX and DTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Shen
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiming Zheng
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingchao Wang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Gong H Li
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Q Xia
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
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77
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Panait ME, Chilug L, Negoita V, Busca A, Manda G, Niculae D, Dumitru M, Gruia MI. Biological Effects Induced by 68Ga-Conjugated Peptides in Human and Rodent Tumor Cell Lines. Int J Pept Res Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9745-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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78
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Ultrasound-assisted synthesis and anticancer evaluation of new pyrazole derivatives as cell cycle inhibitors. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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79
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Shastri S, Chatterjee B, Thakur SS. Achievements in Cancer Research and its Therapeutics in Hundred Years. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:1545-1562. [PMID: 31362690 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190730093034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer research has progressed leaps and bounds over the years. This review is a brief overview of the cancer research, milestone achievements and therapeutic studies on it over the one hundred ten years which would give us an insight into how far we have come to understand and combat this fatal disease leading to millions of deaths worldwide. Modern biology has proved that cancer is a very complex disease as still we do not know precisely how it triggers. It involves several factors such as protooncogene, oncogene, kinase, tumor suppressor gene, growth factor, signalling cascade, micro RNA, immunity, environmental factors and carcinogens. However, modern technology now helps the cancer patient on the basis of acquired and established knowledge in the last hundred years to save human lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravanthi Shastri
- Proteomics and Cell Signaling, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Bhaswati Chatterjee
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suman S Thakur
- Proteomics and Cell Signaling, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
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80
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Liu S, Li F, Pan L, Yang Z, Shu Y, Lv W, Dong P, Gong W. BRD4 inhibitor and histone deacetylase inhibitor synergistically inhibit the proliferation of gallbladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2493-2506. [PMID: 31215139 PMCID: PMC6676267 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignancy of the bile duct and has a high mortality rate. Here, we demonstrated that BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 and histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) synergistically inhibited the GBC cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that cotreatment with JQ1 and SAHA significantly inhibited proliferation, cell viability and metastasis, and induced apoptosis and G2/M arrest in GBC cells, with only minor effects in benign cells. In vivo, tumor volumes and weights of GBC xenograft models were significantly decreased after treatment with JQ1 or SAHA; meanwhile, the cotreatment showed the strongest effect. Further study indicated that the above anticancer effects was associated with the downregulation of BRD4 and suppression of PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways. These findings highlight JQ1 and SAHA as potential therapeutic agents and their combination as a promising therapeutic strategy for GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengnan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijia Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Shu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
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81
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Citartan M, Kaur H, Presela R, Tang TH. Aptamers as the chaperones (Aptachaperones) of drugs-from siRNAs to DNA nanorobots. Int J Pharm 2019; 567:118483. [PMID: 31260780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers, nucleic acid ligands that are specific against their corresponding targets are increasingly employed in a variety of applications including diagnostics and therapeutics. The specificity of the aptamers against their targets is also used as the basis for the formulation of the aptamer-based drug delivery system. In this review, we aim to provide an overview on the chaperoning roles of aptamers in acting as the cargo or load carriers, delivering contents to the targeted sites via cell surface receptors. Internalization of the aptamer-biomolecule conjugates via receptor-mediated endocytosis and the strategies to augment the rate of endocytosis are underscored. The cargos chaperoned by aptamers, ranging from siRNAs to DNA origami are illuminated. Possible impediments to the aptamer-based drug deliveries such as susceptibility to nuclease resistance, potentiality for immunogenicity activation, tumor heterogeneity are speculated and the corresponding amendment strategies to address these shortcomings are discussed. We prophesy that the future of the aptamer-based drug delivery will take a trajectory towards DNA nanorobot-based assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marimuthu Citartan
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Harleen Kaur
- Aurobindo Biologics, Biologics R&D Center, Unit-17, Industrial Area, Survey No: 77 & 78, Indrakaran Village, Kandi(Mandal), Sangareddy (District), Hyderabad 502329, India
| | - Ravinderan Presela
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Thean-Hock Tang
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
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82
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Zhang W, Jiang H, Chen Y, Ren F. Resveratrol chemosensitizes adriamycin-resistant breast cancer cells by modulating miR-122-5p. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16283-16292. [PMID: 31155753 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the major malignancies threatening women's health worldwide, and chemotherapy tolerance has become a severe limitation of clinical treatment. Recent findings have revealed that resveratrol, as a dietary agent with antitumour activity, could prevent cancer progression by regulating microRNAs (miRNAs). Additionally, dysregulated miRNAs have been found to contribute significantly to chemoresistance by an increasing number of studies. In this study, experiments were designed to study the functional role of resveratrol in MCF-7 cells (low-invasive breast cancer) in chemosensitivity to adriamycin and to determine the targeted miRNAs of resveratrol and their key target proteins linked to cell activity. We demonstrated that in resveratrol-induced chemosensitivity, cell cycle and apoptosis were arrested in adriamycin-resistant breast cancer cells after modulation of the critical suppresser, miR-122-5p. Further miRNA modulation with miR-122-5p mimics or miR-122-5p inhibitors indicated a major effect of miR-122-5p on the regulation of key antiapoptotic proteins (B-cell lymphoma 2 [Bcl-2]) and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6) in drug-resistant breast cancer cells in response to resveratrol. In conclusion, our results indicate that resveratrol acts as a potential inducer to enhance the chemosensitivity of breast cancer and also suggest that miR-122-5p is involved in the pathway of cell-cycle arrest by targeting Bcl-2 and CDKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haitao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunjie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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83
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Van Den Borg R, Leonetti A, Tiseo M, Giovannetti E, Peters GJ. Novel targeted strategies to overcome resistance in small-cell lung cancer: focus on PARP inhibitors and rovalpituzumab tesirine. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:461-471. [PMID: 31148500 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1624530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine tumour, and its outcome is strongly conditioned by the rapid onset of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics. First-line treatment with a combination of platinum agents and topoisomerase inhibitors has been the standard of care for over 30 years, with disappointing clinical outcome caused by early-acquired chemoresistance. In this disheartening scenario, novel treatment strategies are being implemented in order to either revert or bypass resistance mechanisms. Areas covered: The general mechanism of action of the standard frontline treatment regimens for SCLC, as well as the known resistance mechanisms to these drugs, is reviewed. Moreover, we focus on the current preclinical and clinical evidence on the potential role of PARP inhibitors and rovalpituzumab tesirine (Rova-T) to tackle chemoresistance in SCLC. Expert opinion: Preliminary evidence supports PARP inhibitors and Rova-T as two promising approaches to either revert or bypass chemoresistance in SCLC, respectively. The identification of potential predictive biomarkers of response to these innovative treatments (SLFN11 and DLL3) has shortened the gap between SCLC and personalized targeted therapy. Further large-scale clinical studies are urgently needed for a better designation of PARP inhibitors and Rova-T in the therapeutic algorithm of SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Van Den Borg
- a Laboratory Medical Oncology , Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Leonetti
- a Laboratory Medical Oncology , Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands.,b Medical Oncology Unit , University Hospital of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Marcello Tiseo
- b Medical Oncology Unit , University Hospital of Parma , Parma , Italy.,c Department of Medicine and Surgery , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- a Laboratory Medical Oncology , Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands.,d Cancer Pharmacology Lab , AIRC Start-Up Unit , Pisa , Italy
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- a Laboratory Medical Oncology , Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
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84
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Nakashima T, Nagano S, Setoguchi T, Sasaki H, Saitoh Y, Maeda S, Komiya S, Taniguchi N. Tranilast enhances the effect of anticancer agents in osteosarcoma. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:176-188. [PMID: 31059083 PMCID: PMC6549073 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tranilast [N-(3′,4′-dimethoxycinnamoyl)-anthranilic acid], initially developed as an antiallergic drug, also exhibits a growth inhibitory effect on various types of cancer. Osteosarcoma is treated mainly with high-dose methotrexate, doxorubicin, cisplatin and ifosfamide; however, 20–30 % of patients cannot be cured of metastatic disease. We investigated whether tranilast enhances the anticancer effects of chemotherapeutic drugs and analyzed its mechanism of action in osteosarcomas. Tranilast inhibited proliferation of HOS, 143B, U2OS and MG-63 osteosarcoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, as well as enhancing the effects of cisplatin and doxorubicin. The average combination index at effect levels for tranilast in combination with cisplatin was 0.57 in HOS, 0.4 in 143B, 0.39 in U2OS and 0.51 in MG-63 cells. Tranilast and cisplatin synergistically inhibited the viability of osteosarcoma cells. In flow cytometric analysis, although tranilast alone did not induce significant apoptosis, the combination of tranilast and cisplatin induced early and late apoptotic cell death. Expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and p-H2AX was enhanced by tranilast in combination with cisplatin. Tranilast alone increased expression of p21 and Bim protein in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry demonstrated that the combination of tranilast and cisplatin increased the number of cells in the G2/M phase. Compared with cisplatin alone, the combination increased levels of phospho-cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Y15). In the 143B xenograft model, tumor growth was significantly inhibited by combined tranilast and cisplatin compared with the controls, whereas cisplatin alone did not significantly inhibit tumor growth. In conclusion, tranilast has a cytostatic effect on osteosarcoma cells and enhances the effect of anticancer drugs, especially cisplatin. Enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin was mediated by increased apoptosis through G2/M arrest. Since tranilast has been clinically approved and has few adverse effects, clinical trials of osteosarcoma chemotherapy in combination with tranilast are expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Takao Setoguchi
- Department of Medical Joint Materials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Saitoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Department of Medical Joint Materials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Setsuro Komiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Noboru Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
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85
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Qin X, Meghana K, Sowjanya NL, Sushma KR, Krishna CG, Manasa J, Sita GJA, Gowthami M, Honeyshmitha D, Srikanth G, SreeHarsha N. Embelin attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity: Involving inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation in addition with activation of Nrf-2/Ho-1 pathway. Biofactors 2019; 45:471-478. [PMID: 30893507 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In kidneys, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress were observed in nephrotoxicity triggered by cisplatin. Embelin has the anti-inflammatory property. It also got anti-tumorigenic and antioxidant properties. In this research, we analyzed the actions of embelin on nephrotoxicity triggered by cisplatin and vital actions by which it increases antioxidant actions and corrects the inflammation after embelin administration during nephrotoxicity triggered by cisplatin. Kidney function markers including blood urea nitrogen; serum creatinine; the markers of oxidative stress like malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant systems like glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, catalase, and glutathione reductase; inflammation markers like nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β); and the extent of nuclear factor-erythroid-2 p45-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were determined. Histopathology studies of kidneys were also used to analyze nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin. Treatment with embelin (25 and 50 mg/kg) upgrades the function of kidneys, by elevating antioxidant levels and reducing the MDA level in cisplatin-administered rats. Embelin treatment demonstrated a significant curtailment of oxidative stress as well as increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, endogenously. Cisplatin upregulates cytokines (i.e., TNF-α and IL-1β) and NF-κB, and downregulates Nrf2 and HO-1. Embelin treatment also reduced the infiltration of neutrophils in the renal tubules and thus reduced the level of histological impairment. The outcome of this study implements that the signaling pathway of Nrf2/HO-1 may be the principal mechanism of embelin for protection from nephrotoxicity triggered by cisplatin, and thus, embelin diminishes oxidative stress and inflammation by impeding NF-κB. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):471-478, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexiang Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Yunnan Kidney Disease Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kakani Meghana
- AM Reddy Memorial College Of Pharmacy, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Ch Gopala Krishna
- AM Reddy Memorial College Of Pharmacy, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Motati Gowthami
- AM Reddy Memorial College Of Pharmacy, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Nagaraja SreeHarsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Diethyl [(3-phenoxy-2-oxo-4-phenyl-azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl-methyl]-phosphonate as a potent anticancer agent in chemo-differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 846:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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87
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Sang Eun H, Seong Min K, Ho Jeong L, Vetrivel P, Venkatarame Gowda Saralamma V, Jeong Doo H, Eun Hee K, Sang Joon L, Gon Sup K. Scutellarein Induces Fas-Mediated Extrinsic Apoptosis and G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest in Hep3B Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020263. [PMID: 30682875 PMCID: PMC6412708 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellarein (SCU), a flavone found in the perennial herb Scutellaria baicalensis, is known for a wide range of biological activities. In the present study, we investigated the effects of treatment with SCU flavonoids on inducing apoptosis via the extrinsic pathway in Hep3B cells. SCU treatment significantly inhibited Hep3B cell proliferation and induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the expression level of the proteins Cdc25C, cdk1 and Cyclin B1. Allophycocyanin (APC)/Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) double-staining showed upregulation of apoptotic cell death fraction. We further confirmed apoptosis by 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) fluorescent staining and observed DNA fragmentation with agarose gel electrophoresis. Further, immunoblotting results showed that treatment with SCU showed no changes in Bax and Bcl-xL protein levels. In addition, SCU treatment did not affect the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in Hep3B cells. On the contrary, treatment with SCU increased the expression of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL), which activated cleaved caspase-8, caspase-3, and polymeric adenosine diphosphate ribose (PARP), whereas the expression level of death receptor 4 (DR4) decreased. We confirmed that the proteins expressed upon treatment with SCU were involved in the Fas-mediated pathway of apoptosis in Hep3B cells. Thus, our findings in the current study strongly imply that SCU can be a basic natural source for developing potent anti-cancer agents for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Sang Eun
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Kim Seong Min
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Lee Ho Jeong
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment Toxicology and Chemistry, Biological Resources Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Jinju 52834, Korea.
| | - Preethi Vetrivel
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | | | - Heo Jeong Doo
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment Toxicology and Chemistry, Biological Resources Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Jinju 52834, Korea.
| | - Kim Eun Hee
- Department of Nursing Science, International University of Korea, Jinju 52833, Korea.
| | - Lee Sang Joon
- Gyeongnam Department of Environment Toxicology and Chemistry, Biological Resources Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Jinju 52834, Korea.
| | - Kim Gon Sup
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
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88
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Alper M, Güneş H. Determination of anticancer effects of Urospermum picroides against human cancer cell lines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2019. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.482404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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89
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Byrappa S, Rachaiah K, Kotian SY, Balaraju Y, Prabhuswamimath SC, Rai KML, Salimath BP. Synthesis and Screening of Pro-apoptotic and Angio-inhibitory Activity of Novel Benzisoxazole Derivatives both In Vitro and In Vivo. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:827-839. [PMID: 30648522 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190114170621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) tends to be more aggressive than other types of breast cancer. Resistance to chemotherapy is a major obstacle hence there is a significant need for new antineoplastic drugs with multi-target potency. Numerous Benzoisoxazole moieties have been found to possess a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. In the present study, we have synthesized 9 novel derivatives of Benzisoxazole 7(a-i) and screened them for their biological potential. METHODS Chemical synthesis, Mass spectrometry (HRMS), cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assay, wound healing assay, flow cytometry and nuclear staining. Angio-inhibitory activity assessed by corneal micropocket assay and in vivo peritoneal angiogenesis assay. RESULTS The Benzisoxazole derivatives 7(a-i) were synthesized and screened for their biological potency by both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Among the series, compound 3-(1-((3-(3(Benzyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl)- 4,5-dihydroisoxazole-5-yl)methyl)piperidine-4-yl)6-fluorobenzo[d] isoxazole (7e) was found to be most promising, with an average IC50 value of 50.36 ± 1.7 µM in MTT assay and showed 81.3% cell death. The compound 7e also showed 60-70% inhibition on a recombinant Metastasis-Associated protein (MTA1) induced proliferation and cell migration in MDAMB-231 cells, which is known to play a major role in angiogenesis. The anti-tumour studies inferred the regression of tumour activity. This was due to inhibition of neovascularization and evoking apoptosis process as assessed by corneal vascularization, peritoneal angiogenesis and apoptotic hallmarks in 7e treated cells. CONCLUSION These findings not only show the biological efficacy of compound 7e but it is also an effective beginning to explore the mechanism of metastasis and cancer therapy strategy targeting MTA1. The observed biological activity makes compound 7e an attractive drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Byrappa
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - Kavitha Rachaiah
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - Sumana Y Kotian
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - Yashaswini Balaraju
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | | | - Kuriya M L Rai
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - Bharathi P Salimath
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
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90
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Muškinja JM, Burmudžija AZ, Baskić DD, Popović SL, Todorović DV, Zarić MM, Ratković ZR. Synthesis and anticancer activity of chalcone analogues with sulfonyl groups. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-02283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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91
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Jahagirdar D, Gore CR, Patel H, Maria K, Tandon I, Sharma NK. Induction of Apoptotic Death and Cell Cycle Arrest in HeLa Cells by Extracellular Factors of Breast Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:3307-3316. [PMID: 30583335 PMCID: PMC6428559 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2018.19.12.3307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are evidences on the role of extracellular factors in cellular communication between cancer cells and non-cancerous cells to support tumor progression and a phenomenon of cancer cachexia. However, evidences are scarce to show the effects of extracellular factors from one carcinoma microenvironment upon growth and survival of another carcinoma. Methodology: To address the above issue, we have selected excised breast carcinoma tissue samples and in vitro grown MCF-7 sources of extracellular factors and tested their effects to evaluate growth and proliferation inhibitory potential against a cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa. Results: Data from the in vitro experiments like Trypan blue dye exclusion, MTT assay, cell cycle assay and annexin V/PI staining lead us to suggest that the extracellular factors collected from the culture medium of in vitro grown MCF-7 and excised breast carcinoma tissue play an apoptosis inducing and cell cycle arrest role in HeLa. In these in vitro experiments, we detected the presence of up to 40-50% apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells and increase in G2-M cell cycle phase from 11%-25% due to treatment with extracellular factors from human breast carcinoma cells. Discussion and Conclusion: These observations are novel and suggest that extracellular factors from breast carcinoma play an apoptosis inducing and growth inhibitory role upon on HeLa cells. This study can also support the concept of cancer cachexia and a possible hypothesis for rare chance of synchronous two or more primary tumor in a single patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devashree Jahagirdar
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr D.Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, India.
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A single-cell micro-trench platform for automatic monitoring of cell division and apoptosis after chemotherapeutic drug administration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:18042. [PMID: 30575776 PMCID: PMC6303304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36508-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells vary in their dynamic response to external stimuli, due to stochastic fluctuations and non-uniform progression through the cell cycle. Hence, single-cell studies are required to reveal the range of heterogeneity in their responses to defined perturbations, which provides detailed insight into signaling processes. Here, we present a time-lapse study using arrays of micro-trenches to monitor the timing of cell division and apoptosis in non-adherent cells at the single-cell level. By employing automated cell tracking and division detection, we precisely determine cell cycle duration and sister-cell correlations for hundreds of individual cells in parallel. As a model application we study the response of leukemia cells to the chemostatic drug vincristine as a function of cell cycle phase. The time-to-death after drug addition is found to depend both on drug concentration and cell cycle phase. The resulting timing and dose-response distributions were reproduced in control experiments using synchronized cell populations. Interestingly, in non-synchronized cells, the time-to-death intervals for sister cells appear to be correlated. Our study demonstrates the practical benefits of micro-trench arrays as a platform for high-throughput, single-cell time-lapse studies on cell cycle dependence, correlations and cell fate decisions in general.
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93
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Fucoidan Exerts Anticancer Effects Against Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123302. [PMID: 30545161 PMCID: PMC6321539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidans have been reported to exert anticancer effects with simultaneous low toxicity against healthy tissue. That correlation was observed in several cancer models, however, it has never been investigated in head and neck cancer before. To magnify the efficacy of conventional therapy, the administration of agents like fucoidan could be beneficial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effect of Fucus vesiculosus (FV) extract alone and with co-administration of cisplatin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in vitro. MTT assay results revealed an FV-induced inhibition of proliferation in all tested cell lines (H103, FaDu, KB). Flow cytometric cell cycle analysis showed an FV-induced, dose-dependent arrest in either S/G2 phase (H103, FaDu) or G1 arrest (KB). Furthermore, a dose-dependent gain in apoptotic fraction was observed. Western blot analysis confirmed the induction of apoptosis. A significant dose-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was revealed in the H103 cell line, while FaDu cells remained unresponsive. On the contrary, an HPV-positive cell line, KB, demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in ROS synthesis. Moreover, fucoidan enhanced the response to cisplatin (synergistic effect) in all cell lines with the HPV-positive one (KB) being the most sensitive. These results have been confirmed by flow-cytometric apoptosis analysis. In conclusion, we confirmed that fucoidan exhibits anticancer properties against HNSCC, which are manifested by the induction of apoptosis, regulation of ROS production, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of proliferation.
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94
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Gao X, Cen L, Li F, Wen R, Yan H, Yao H, Zhu S. Oral administration of indole substituted dipyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative exhibits anti-tumor activity via inhibiting AKT and ERK1/2 on hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:761-767. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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95
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Cytotoxic Effects of Pinnatane A Extracted from Walsura pinnata (Meliaceae) on Human Liver Cancer Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112733. [PMID: 30360475 PMCID: PMC6278294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pinnatane A from the bark of Walsura pinnata was investigated for its anti-cancer properties by analyzing the cytotoxic activities and cell cycle arrest mechanism induced in two different liver cancer cell lines. METHODS A 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to analyze the pinnatane A selectivity in inducing cell death in cancer and normal cells. Various biological assays were carried out to analyze the anti-cancer properties of pinnatane A, such as a live/dead assay for cell death microscopic visualization, cell cycle analysis using propidium iodide (PI) to identify the cell cycle arrest phase, annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (annexin V-FITC)/PI flow cytometry assay to measure percentage of cell populations at different stages of apoptosis and necrosis, and DNA fragmentation assay to verify the late stage of apoptosis. RESULTS The MTT assay identified pinnatane A prominent dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity effects in Hep3B and HepG2 cells, with minimal effect on normal cells. The live/dead assay showed significant cell death, while cell cycle analysis showed arrest at the G₀/G₁ phase in both cell lines. Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation assays identified apoptotic cell death in Hep3B and necrotic cell death in HepG2 cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Pinnatane A has the potential for further development as a chemotherapeutic agent prominently against human liver cells.
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96
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Zingerone Suppresses Tumor Development through Decreasing Cyclin D1 Expression and Inducing Mitotic Arrest. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092832. [PMID: 30235818 PMCID: PMC6163242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo uncontrolled proliferation resulting from aberrant activity of various cell-cycle proteins. Therefore, despite recent advances in intensive chemotherapy, it is difficult to cure cancer completely. Recently, cell-cycle regulators became attractive targets in cancer therapy. Zingerone, a phenolic compound isolated from ginger, is a nontoxic and inexpensive compound with varied pharmacological activities. In this study, the therapeutic effect of zingerone as an anti-mitotic agent in human neuroblastoma cells was investigated. Following treatment of BE(2)-M17 cells with zingerone, we performed a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and colony-formation assay to evaluate cellular proliferation, in addition to immunofluorescence cytochemistry and flow cytometry to examine the mitotic cells. The association of gene expression with tumor stage and survival was analyzed. Furthermore, to examine the anti-cancer effect of zingerone, we applied a BALB/c mouse-tumor model using a BALB/c-derived adenocarcinoma cell line. In human neuroblastoma cells, zingerone inhibited cellular viability and survival. Moreover, the number of mitotic cells, particularly those in prometaphase, increased in zingerone-treated neuroblastoma cells. Regarding specific molecular mechanisms, zingerone decreased cyclin D1 expression and induced the cleavage of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1). The decrease in cyclin D1 and increase in histone H3 phosphorylated (p)-Ser10 were confirmed by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues administered with zingerone. These results suggest that zingerone induces mitotic arrest followed by inhibition of growth of neuroblastoma cells. Collectively, zingerone may be a potential therapeutic drug for human cancers, including neuroblastoma.
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97
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Thiabendazole-based Rh(III) and Ir(III) biscyclometallated complexes with mitochondria-targeted anticancer activity and metal-sensitive photodynamic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:279-293. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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98
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Kee JY, Han YH, Mun JG, Park SH, Jeon HD, Hong SH. Gomisin A Suppresses Colorectal Lung Metastasis by Inducing AMPK/p38-Mediated Apoptosis and Decreasing Metastatic Abilities of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:986. [PMID: 30210348 PMCID: PMC6124511 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Gomisin A (G.A) is a dietary lignan compound from Schisandra chinensis. In this study, the effect of G.A on the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells was investigated using several CRC cell lines and a lung metastasis mouse model. Both oral and intraperitoneal administration of G.A (50 mg/kg) inhibited lung metastasis of CT26 cells. Various concentrations of G.A were incubated with CRC cell lines and their viability was determined using a cell counting kit-8 assay. G.A significantly decreased the viability of various CRC cell lines, whereas it did not change the proliferation of normal colon cells. G.A induced G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis of CT26 and HT29 cells by regulating cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) expression and apoptotic proteins such as caspases and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins, respectively. G.A-induced apoptosis was mediated by AMPK/p38 activation in CRC cells. A non-cytotoxic concentration of G.A inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition of CRC cells by modulating E-cadherin and N-cadherin expression levels. Moreover, the migration and invasion of CRC cells were reduced by G.A treatment. Especially, G.A decreased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expressions and activities. G.A ameliorated lung metastasis of CRC cells by decreasing cell survival and metastatic abilities of CRC cells. Thus, G.A might be a potential novel therapeutic agent for metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ye Kee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Yo-Han Han
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Geon Mun
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Seong-Hwan Park
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hee D Jeon
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Seung-Heon Hong
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
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99
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Yang Y, Guo L, Tian Z, Gong Y, Zheng H, Zhang S, Xu Z, Ge X, Liu Z. Novel and Versatile Imine-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Half-Sandwich Iridium(III) Complexes as Lysosome-Targeted Anticancer Agents. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11087-11098. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Yang
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Lihua Guo
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Zhenzhen Tian
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Yuteng Gong
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Hongmei Zheng
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Shumiao Zhang
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Zhishan Xu
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xingxing Ge
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
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100
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Liao C, Xu D, Liu X, Fang Y, Yi J, Li X, Guo B. Iridium (III) complex-loaded liposomes as a drug delivery system for lung cancer through mitochondrial dysfunction. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4417-4431. [PMID: 30104875 PMCID: PMC6071621 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s170035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Iridium (Ir)-based complex is a potential antitumor ingredient, but its poor physicochemical properties such as hydrophobicity and low biocompatibility hamper further application. Liposome provides a potential delivery approach for improving the poor physicochemical property and reducing the side effects of antitumor drug. In this study, we aimed at incorporating Ir ([Ir(ppy)2(BTCP)]PF6) into liposomes to enhance the biocompatibility and sustained release of Ir for intravenous administration and to elucidate the mechanism in A549 cells. Materials and methods Ir-loaded PEGylated liposomes (Lipo-Ir) were formulated by thin-film dispersion and ultrasonic method. Morphology, size distribution, and zeta potential of Lipo-Ir were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Zetasizer. The released profile and biocompatibility were investigated by dialysis method and hemolysis test, respectively. Additionally, the cytotoxic activity and mechanism of Lipo-Ir and Ir inducing apoptosis in A549 cells were evaluated. Results Lipo-Ir can keep sustained release, excellent biocompatibility, and physical stability. The average particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and drug loading are 112.57±1.15 nm, 0.19±0.02, −10.66±0.61 mV, 94.71%±3.21%, and 4.71%±0.41%, respectively. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole)-2,5-diphenltetraazolium bromide (MTT) assay show that Lipo-Ir and Ir display high cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells. Furthermore, the apoptotic features of morphology, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and disorder of Ca2+ homeostasis are observed after treating A549 cells with Ir and Lipo-Ir. Besides, Lipo-Ir can arrest the cell growth in G0/G1 phase. Conclusion The studies demonstrate that Lipo-Ir can trigger apoptosis in A549 cells via ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunctions, and the biocompatible and sustained Lipo-Ir will be a promising drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancheng Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China,
| | - Danqiao Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China,
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China,
| | - Yuqi Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China,
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China,
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China,
| | - Bohong Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China,
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