51
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Controlling the Controllers: Regulation of Histone Methylation by Phosphosignalling. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:1035-1048. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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52
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Götting I, Jendrossek V, Matschke J. A New Twist in Protein Kinase B/Akt Signaling: Role of Altered Cancer Cell Metabolism in Akt-Mediated Therapy Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228563. [PMID: 33202866 PMCID: PMC7697684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and molecular-targeted agents is a major obstacle to successful cancer therapy. Herein, aberrant activation of the phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway is one of the most frequently deregulated pathways in cancer cells and has been associated with multiple aspects of therapy resistance. These include, for example, survival under stress conditions, apoptosis resistance, activation of the cellular response to DNA damage and repair of radiation-induced or chemotherapy-induced DNA damage, particularly DNA double strand breaks (DSB). One further important, yet not much investigated aspect of Akt-dependent signaling is the regulation of cell metabolism. In fact, many Akt target proteins are part of or involved in the regulation of metabolic pathways. Furthermore, recent studies revealed the importance of certain metabolites for protection against therapy-induced cell stress and the repair of therapy-induced DNA damage. Thus far, the likely interaction between deregulated activation of Akt, altered cancer metabolism and therapy resistance is not yet well understood. The present review describes the documented interactions between Akt, its target proteins and cancer cell metabolism, focusing on antioxidant defense and DSB repair. Furthermore, the review highlights potential connections between deregulated Akt, cancer cell metabolism and therapy resistance of cancer cells through altered DSB repair and discusses potential resulting therapeutic implications.
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53
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Vougiouklakis T, Bernard BJ, Nigam N, Burkitt K, Nakamura Y, Saloura V. Clinicopathologic significance of protein lysine methyltransferases in cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:146. [PMID: 33050946 PMCID: PMC7557092 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00897-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein lysine methyltransferases (PKMTs) constitute a large family of approximately 50 chromatin modifiers that mono-, di- and/or tri-methylate lysine residues on histone and non-histone substrates. With the advent of The Cancer Genome Atlas, it became apparent that this family of chromatin modifiers harbors frequent genetic and expression alterations in multiple types of cancer. In this regard, past and ongoing preclinical studies have provided insight into the mechanisms of action of some of these enzymes, laying the ground for the ongoing development of PKMT inhibitors as novel anticancer therapeutics. The purpose of this review is to summarize existing data obtained by different research groups through immunohistochemical analysis of the protein expression levels of PKMTs, and their respective clinicopathologic associations. We focused on studies that used immunohistochemistry to associate protein expression levels of specific PKMTs, as well as several established histone methylation marks, with clinicopathologic features and survival outcomes in various cancer types. We also review ongoing clinical trials of PKMT inhibitors in cancer treatment. This review underscores the clinical relevance and potential of targeting the family of PKMT enzymes as the next generation of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin J Bernard
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 41 Medlars Drive, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nupur Nigam
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 41 Medlars Drive, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kyunghee Burkitt
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 41 Medlars Drive, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Cancer Precision Medicine Research Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Koto, Japan
| | - Vassiliki Saloura
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 41 Medlars Drive, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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54
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Yuan H, Han Y, Wang X, Li N, Liu Q, Yin Y, Wang H, Pan L, Li L, Song K, Qiu T, Pan Q, Chen Q, Zhang G, Zang Y, Tan M, Zhang J, Li Q, Wang X, Jiang J, Qin J. SETD2 Restricts Prostate Cancer Metastasis by Integrating EZH2 and AMPK Signaling Pathways. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:350-365.e7. [PMID: 32619406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The level of SETD2-mediated H3K36me3 is inversely correlated with that of EZH2-catalyzed H3K27me3. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether these two enzymatic activities are molecularly intertwined. Here, we report that SETD2 delays prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis via its substrate EZH2. We show that SETD2 methylates EZH2 which promotes EZH2 degradation. SETD2 deficiency induces a Polycomb-repressive chromatin state that enables cells to acquire metastatic traits. Conversely, mice harboring nonmethylated EZH2 mutant or SETD2 mutant defective in binding to EZH2 develop metastatic PCa. Furthermore, we identify that metformin-stimulated AMPK signaling converges at FOXO3 to stimulate SETD2 expression. Together, our results demonstrate that the SETD2-EZH2 axis integrates metabolic and epigenetic signaling to restrict PCa metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huairui Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ying Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuege Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ni Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qiuli Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yuye Yin
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Department of Microbes and Infection, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Hanling Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lulu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Kun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Tong Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, 20 Renmin South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qilong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Zang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Minjia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, 20 Renmin South Road, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Department of Microbes and Infection, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Jun Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Urology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
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55
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Dai J, Jiang L, Qiu L, Shao Y, Shi P, Li J. WHSC1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Activating mTORC1 Signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7033-7044. [PMID: 32801739 PMCID: PMC7398890 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s248570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate gene-1 (WHSC1) plays key regulatory roles in cancer development and progression. However, its specific functions and potential mechanisms of action remain to be described in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods WHSC1 expression in HCC was evaluated using The Cancer Genome Atlas and verified in HCC tissues and cell lines using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Functional assays were performed to explore the role of WHSC1 in HCC progression. Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were conducted to evaluate the interaction between WHSC1 and prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta (P4HB). Pathway enrichment was performed using gene set enrichment analysis. Results WHSC1 was markedly overexpressed in HCC tissues and cell lines. The level of expression was strongly associated with adverse clinicopathological characteristics. Survival analyses revealed that WHSC1 upregulation predicted poor overall survival and higher recurrence rates in patients with HCC. Functional studies revealed that WHSC1 significantly stimulated HCC proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. WHSC1 was shown to interact with P4HB to stimulate P4HB expression and subsequently activate mTOR1 signaling. Conclusion We determined the oncogenic role of WHSC1 in HCC, via P4HB interaction, which activates mTOR1 signaling, and identified WHSC1 as a promising therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Longfeng Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyun Shao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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56
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Long X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Min M, Lin B, Chen J, Ma X, Zhai S, Cai Z, Liu Y, Lu Y, Che N, Tan W, Qin J, Wang X. Histone methyltransferase Nsd2 is required for follicular helper T cell differentiation. J Exp Med 2020; 217:jem.20190832. [PMID: 31636135 PMCID: PMC7037247 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of Bcl6 expression during follicular helper T cell differentiation remains incompletely understood. Here, Long et al. show that T cell activation induces H3K36me2 methyltransferase Nsd2, in a CD28- and ICOS-dependent manner, to promote Bcl6 expression and Tfh differentiation. Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells provide essential help for humoral immune response. Transcriptional factor Bcl6 is the master regulator for Tfh generation and is induced very early after T cell activation in a CD28-dependent manner, but how CD28 signal promotes Bcl6 early expression remains unknown. Here we found that CD28 signal quickly induces expression of the H3K36me2 methytransferase Nsd2, which is required for Bcl6 expression as early as the first cell division after T cell activation. Nsd2 deficiency in T cells leads to decreased Bcl6 expression, impaired Tfh generation, compromised germinal center response, and delayed virus clearance. Ectopic Bcl6 expression rescues the Tfh defect of Nsd2 KO cells. ICOS signal is dispensable for early Nsd2 induction but required for sustained Nsd2 expression, which is critical for Tfh maintenance. Overexpression of Nsd2 increases Bcl6 expression and enhances Tfh generation; 4-mo-old mice even develop spontaneous Tfh. Overall, our study reveals Nsd2 as a critical epigenetic regulator for Tfh differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Long
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Min
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bichun Lin
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sulan Zhai
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenming Cai
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingxia Liu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanlai Lu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Che
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Institute of Nutrition and Health Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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57
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Chen R, Chen Y, Zhao W, Fang C, Zhou W, Yang X, Ji M. The Role of Methyltransferase NSD2 as a Potential Oncogene in Human Solid Tumors. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6837-6846. [PMID: 32764971 PMCID: PMC7367929 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s259873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant solid tumors are the leading cause of death in humans, and epigenetic regulation plays a significant role in studying the mechanism of human solid tumors. Recently, histone lysine methylation has been demonstrated to be involved in the development of human solid tumors due to its epigenetic stability and some other advantages. The 90-kb protein methyltransferase nuclear receptor SET domain-containing 2 (NSD2) is a member of nuclear receptor SET domain-containing (NSD) protein lysine methyltransferase (KMT) family, which can cause epigenomic aberrations via altering the methylation states. Studies have shown that NSD2 is frequently over-expressed in multiple types of aggressive solid tumors, including breast cancer, renal cancer, prostate cancer, cervical cancer, and osteosarcoma, and such up-regulation has been linked to poor prognosis and recurrence. Further studies have identified that over-expression of NSD2 promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT), suggesting its potential oncogenic role in solid tumors. Moreover, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was searched for validation of prognostic value of NSD2 in human solid tumors. However, the underlying specific mechanism remains unclear. In our present work, we summarized the latest advances in NSD2 expression and clinical applications in solid tumors, and our findings provided valuable insights into the targeted therapeutic regimens of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Ji
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China
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58
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Yuan S, Natesan R, Sanchez-Rivera FJ, Li J, Bhanu NV, Yamazoe T, Lin JH, Merrell AJ, Sela Y, Thomas SK, Jiang Y, Plesset JB, Miller EM, Shi J, Garcia BA, Lowe SW, Asangani IA, Stanger BZ. Global Regulation of the Histone Mark H3K36me2 Underlies Epithelial Plasticity and Metastatic Progression. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:854-871. [PMID: 32188706 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial plasticity, reversible modulation of a cell's epithelial and mesenchymal features, is associated with tumor metastasis and chemoresistance, leading causes of cancer mortality. Although different master transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers have been implicated in this process in various contexts, the extent to which a unifying, generalized mechanism of transcriptional regulation underlies epithelial plasticity remains largely unknown. Here, through targeted CRISPR/Cas9 screening, we discovered two histone-modifying enzymes involved in the writing and erasing of H3K36me2 that act reciprocally to regulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal identity, tumor differentiation, and metastasis. Using a lysine-to-methionine histone mutant to directly inhibit H3K36me2, we found that global modulation of the mark is a conserved mechanism underlying the mesenchymal state in various contexts. Mechanistically, regulation of H3K36me2 reprograms enhancers associated with master regulators of epithelial-to-mesenchymal state. Our results thus outline a unifying epigenome-scale mechanism by which a specific histone modification regulates cellular plasticity and metastasis in cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Although epithelial plasticity contributes to cancer metastasis and chemoresistance, no strategies exist for pharmacologically inhibiting the process. Here, we show that global regulation of a specific histone mark, H3K36me2, is a universal epigenome-wide mechanism that underlies epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in carcinoma cells. These results offer a new strategy for targeting epithelial plasticity in cancer.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 747.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salina Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ramakrishnan Natesan
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Jinyang Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Natarajan V Bhanu
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Taiji Yamazoe
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey H Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Allyson J Merrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yogev Sela
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stacy K Thomas
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yanqing Jiang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline B Plesset
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Junwei Shi
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York
| | - Irfan A Asangani
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ben Z Stanger
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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59
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Stangl-Kremser J, Lemberger U, Hassler MR, Garstka N, Grubmüller B, Haitel A, Enikeev DV, Glybochko PV, Kramer G, Susani M, Shariat SF. The prognostic impact of tumour NSD2 expression in advanced prostate cancer. Biomarkers 2020; 25:268-273. [PMID: 32091270 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2020.1734861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the prognostic significance of the nuclear receptor binding SET protein 2 (NSD2), a co-activator of the NFkB-pathway, on tumour progression in patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa).Methods: We retrospectively assessed NSD2 expression in 53 patients with metastatic and castration-resistant PCa. Immunohistochemical staining for NSD2 was carried out on specimen obtained from palliative resection of the prostate. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the association between NSD2 expression and PCa progression.Results: Of the 53 patients, 41 had castration-resistant PCa and 48 men had metastases at time of tissue acquisition. NSD2 expression was increased in tumour specimen from 42 patients (79.2%). In univariable Cox regression analyses, NSD2 expression was associated with PSA progression, progression on imaging and overall survival (p = 0.04, respectively). In multivariable analyses, NSD2 expression did not retain its association with these endpoints.Conclusions: NSD2 expression is abnormal in almost 80% of patients with advanced PCa. Expression levels of this epigenetic regulator are easily detected by immunohistochemistry while this biomarker exhibited prognostic value for PCa progression and death in univariable analysis. Further studies on NSD2 involvement in PCa proliferation, progression, metastasis and resistance mechanisms are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ursula Lemberger
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie R Hassler
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nathalie Garstka
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andrea Haitel
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dmitry V Enikeev
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petr V Glybochko
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gero Kramer
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Susani
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Urology, Motol Hospital, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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60
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Cheng Y, He C, Wang M, Ma X, Mo F, Yang S, Han J, Wei X. Targeting epigenetic regulators for cancer therapy: mechanisms and advances in clinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:62. [PMID: 31871779 PMCID: PMC6915746 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 577] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alternations concern heritable yet reversible changes in histone or DNA modifications that regulate gene activity beyond the underlying sequence. Epigenetic dysregulation is often linked to human disease, notably cancer. With the development of various drugs targeting epigenetic regulators, epigenetic-targeted therapy has been applied in the treatment of hematological malignancies and has exhibited viable therapeutic potential for solid tumors in preclinical and clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the aberrant functions of enzymes in DNA methylation, histone acetylation and histone methylation during tumor progression and highlight the development of inhibitors of or drugs targeted at epigenetic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cai He
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Mo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junhong Han
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Chen J, Li N, Yin Y, Zheng N, Min M, Lin B, Zhang L, Long X, Zhang Y, Cai Z, Zhai S, Qin J, Wang X. Methyltransferase Nsd2 Ensures Germinal Center Selection by Promoting Adhesive Interactions between B Cells and Follicular Dendritic Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 25:3393-3404.e6. [PMID: 30566865 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody affinity maturation, which is an antigen-based selection process for B cells, occurs in germinal centers (GCs). GCB cells must efficiently recognize, acquire, and present antigens from follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) to receive positive selection signals from T helper cells. Previous studies showed that GCB cells undergo adhesive interactions with FDCs, but the regulatory mechanisms underlying the cell adhesions and their functional relevance remain unclear. Here, we identified H3K36me2 methyltransferase Nsd2 as a critical regulator of GCB cell-FDC adhesion. Nsd2 deletion modestly reduced GC responses but strongly impaired B cell affinity maturation. Mechanistically, Nsd2 directly regulated expression of multiple actin polymerization-related genes in GCB cells. Nsd2 loss reduced B cell adhesion to FDC-expressed adhesion molecules, thus affecting both B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and antigen acquisition. Overall, Nsd2 coordinates GCB positive selection by enhancing both BCR signaling and T cell help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Chen
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Ni Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuye Yin
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Min Min
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Bichun Lin
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xuehui Long
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Zhenming Cai
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Sulan Zhai
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jun Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Yang Q, Jiang W, Hou P. Emerging role of PI3K/AKT in tumor-related epigenetic regulation. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:112-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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63
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BRG1 attenuates colonic inflammation and tumorigenesis through autophagy-dependent oxidative stress sequestration. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4614. [PMID: 31601814 PMCID: PMC6787222 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a central component of integrated stress responses that influences many inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). While the core machinery is known, the molecular basis of the epigenetic regulation of autophagy and its role in colon inflammation remain largely undefined. Here, we report that BRG1, an ATPase subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is required for the homeostatic maintenance of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to prevent the inflammation and tumorigenesis. BRG1 emerges as a key regulator that directly governs the transcription of Atg16l1, Ambra1, Atg7 and Wipi2, which are important for autophagosome biogenesis. Defective autophagy in BRG1-deficient IECs results in excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to the defects in barrier integrity. Together, our results establish that BRG1 may represent an autophagy checkpoint that is pathogenetically linked to colitis and is therefore likely a potential therapeutic target for disease intervention. Dysfunctional autophagy induces inflammation that contributes to tumorigenesis. Here, the authors show that loss of BRG1 impairs autophagy and enhances reactive oxygen species production to disrupt intestinal barrier integrity, leading to spontaneous colitis and subsequent colorectal cancer development.
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64
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Yu C, Hu K, Nguyen D, Wang ZA. From genomics to functions: preclinical mouse models for understanding oncogenic pathways in prostate cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2079-2102. [PMID: 31720076 PMCID: PMC6834478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing has revealed numerous genomic alterations that induce aberrant signaling activities in prostate cancer (PCa). Among them are pathways affecting multiple cancer types, including the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, p53, Rb, Ras/Raf/MAPK, Myc, FGF, and Wnt signaling pathways, as well as ones that are prominent in PCa, including alterations in genes of AR signaling, the ETS family, NKX3.1, and SPOP. Cross talk among the oncogenic pathways can confer PCa resistance to therapy, particularly in advanced tumors, which are castration-resistant or show neuroendocrine features. Various experimental models, such as cancer cell lines, animal models, and patient-derived xenografts and organoids have been utilized to dissect PCa progression mechanisms. Here, we review the current preclinical mouse models for studying the most commonly altered pathways in PCa, with an emphasis on their interplays. We highlight the power of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) in translating genomic discoveries into understanding of the functions of these oncogenic events in vivo. Developing and analyzing PCa mouse models will undoubtedly continue to offer new insights into tumor biology and guide novel rationalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Yu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Kevin Hu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Daniel Nguyen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Zhu A Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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65
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Yang Q, Lang C, Wu Z, Dai Y, He S, Guo W, Huang S, Du H, Ren D, Peng X. MAZ promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis through transcriptionally activating the KRas-dependent RalGEFs pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:391. [PMID: 31488180 PMCID: PMC6729064 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Clinically, prostate cancer (PCa) exhibits a high avidity to metastasize to bone. Myc-associated zinc-finger protein (MAZ) is a well-documented oncogene involved in the progression and metastasis of multiple cancer types, even in PCa. However, the clinical significance and biological roles of MAZ in bone metastasis of PCa remain unclear. Methods MAZ expression was examined in PCa tissues with bone metastasis, PCa tissues without bone metastasis and metastatic bone tissues by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical correlation between MAZ expression and clinicopathological features and bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. Biological roles of MAZ in bone metastasis of PCa were investigated both in vitro by transwell assay, and in vivo by a mouse model of left cardiac ventricle inoculation. The bioinformatics analysis, western blot, pull-down assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays were applied to demonstrate and examine the relationship between MAZ and its potential downstream signalling pathway. TaqMan copy number assay was performed to identify the underlying mechanism responsible for MAZ overexpression in PCa tissues. Results MAZ expression is elevated in PCa tissues with bone metastasis compared with that in PCa tissues without bone metastasis, and is further increased in metastatic bone tissues. High expression of MAZ positively correlates with poor overall and bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. Upregulating MAZ elevates, while silencing MAZ represses the invasion and migration abilities of PCa cells in vitro and bone metastasis ability in vivo. Our results further reveal that MAZ promotes bone metastasis of PCa dependent on KRas signalling, although MAZ transcriptionally upregulates KRas and HRas expression, where the Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RalGEF) signaling is responsible for the different roles of KRas and HRas in mediating the pro-bone metastasis of MAZ in PCa. Finally, our results indicate that recurrent gains contribute to MAZ overexpression in a small portion of PCa tissues. Conclusion These results indicate that the MAZ/Kras/ RalGEF signalling axis plays a crucial role in promoting PCa cell bone metastasis, suggesting a potential therapeutic utility of MAZ in bone metastasis of PCa. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1374-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chuandong Lang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhengquan Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuhu Dai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shaofu He
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Guangzhou City, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
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Montero‐Conde C, Graña‐Castro O, Martín‐Serrano G, Martínez‐Montes ÁM, Zarzuela E, Muñoz J, Torres‐Perez R, Pita G, Cordero‐Barreal A, Leandro‐García LJ, Letón R, López de Silanes I, Guadalix S, Pérez‐Barrios A, Hawkins F, Guerrero‐Álvarez A, Álvarez‐Escolá C, Regojo‐Zapata RM, Calsina B, Remacha L, Roldán‐Romero JM, Santos M, Lanillos J, Jordá M, Riesco‐Eizaguirre G, Zafon C, González‐Neira A, Blasco MA, Al‐Shahrour F, Rodríguez‐Antona C, Cascón A, Robledo M. Hsa‐miR‐139‐5p is a prognostic thyroid cancer marker involved in HNRNPF‐mediated alternative splicing. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:521-530. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Montero‐Conde
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | | | | | | | - Eduardo Zarzuela
- Proteomics Core Unit and Proteored‐ISCIIISpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Proteomics Core Unit and Proteored‐ISCIIISpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Rafael Torres‐Perez
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- CEGEN UnitSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Alfonso Cordero‐Barreal
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Luis J. Leandro‐García
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Rocío Letón
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | | | - Sonsoles Guadalix
- Endocrinology and Nutrition DepartmentHospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
| | | | - Federico Hawkins
- Endocrinology and Nutrition DepartmentHospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
| | | | | | | | - Bruna Calsina
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Laura Remacha
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Juan M. Roldán‐Romero
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - María Santos
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Javier Lanillos
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Mireia Jordá
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of CancerGermans Trias i Pujol Research Institute Barcelona Spain
| | - Garcilaso Riesco‐Eizaguirre
- Endocrinology and Nutrition DepartmentHospital Universitario de Móstoles Madrid Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Oncology (CIBERONC)Institute of Health Carlos III Madrid Spain
- Universidad Francisco de Vitoria Madrid Spain
| | - Carles Zafon
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit and Endocrinology DepartmentHospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)Institute of Health Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | | | - Maria A. Blasco
- Telomeres and Telomerase GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Fátima Al‐Shahrour
- Bioinformatics UnitSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | | | - Alberto Cascón
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer GroupSpanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) Madrid Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER)Institute of Health Carlos III Madrid Spain
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Multifaceted Regulation of PTEN Subcellular Distributions and Biological Functions. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091247. [PMID: 31454965 PMCID: PMC6770588 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene frequently found to be inactivated in over 30% of human cancers. PTEN encodes a 54-kDa lipid phosphatase that serves as a gatekeeper of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway involved in the promotion of multiple pro-tumorigenic phenotypes. Although the PTEN protein plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis, cumulative evidence has implicated it as a key signaling molecule in several other diseases as well, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and autism spectrum disorders. This finding suggests that diverse cell types, especially differentiated cells, express PTEN. At the cellular level, PTEN is widely distributed in all subcellular compartments and organelles. Surprisingly, the cytoplasmic compartment, not the plasma membrane, is the predominant subcellular location of PTEN. More recently, the finding of a secreted 'long' isoform of PTEN and the presence of PTEN in the cell nucleus further revealed unexpected biological functions of this multifaceted molecule. At the regulatory level, PTEN activity, stability, and subcellular distribution are modulated by a fascinating array of post-translational modification events, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation. Dysregulation of these regulatory mechanisms has been observed in various human diseases. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of the knowledge gained in the last decade on how different functional domains of PTEN regulate its biological functions, with special emphasis on its subcellular distribution. This review also highlights the findings of published studies that have reported how mutational alterations in specific PTEN domains can lead to pathogenesis in humans.
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68
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Wu J, Luo M, Duan Z, Jia Y, Linghu H, Tian P, Qi H. WHSC1 acts as a prognostic indicator and functions as an oncogene in cervical cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4683-4690. [PMID: 31354300 PMCID: PMC6588087 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s204701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 (WHSC1) is an epigenetic modifier, considered to play a driving role in oncogenesis. However, very little is known about the roles of WHSC1 and its prognostic impacts in cervical cancer. This study aimed to investigate the role of WHSC1 in the prognosis of cervical cancer and explore the effect of WHSC1 on proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells and angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods: We evaluated the expression levels of WHSC1 in cervical cancer samples and relevant cell lines by immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR, and Western blot. In vitro, Cell Counting Kit-8 and transwell assays were used to investigate the viability and migration of C33A cells, and a tube formation assay was used to study the effect of WHSC1 on angiogenesis in HUVECs. Results: WHSC1 was overexpressed in cervical cancer tissues and cells, and correlated with the FIGO stage and differentiation. WHSC1 knockdown inhibited proliferation, suppressed migration and invasion in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-overexpressing C33A cells, and inhibited angiogenesis in HUVECs. Conclusion: WHSC1 may be a poor prognostic indicator of cervical cancer and a potential novel therapeutic target for the same. WHSC1 may participate in the regulation of cervical cancer progression through the eNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Luo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoning Duan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Jia
- Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Linghu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Tian
- Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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69
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As a downstream target of the AKT pathway, NPTX1 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181662. [PMID: 31113871 PMCID: PMC6549097 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is correlated with a poor prognosis and high mortality worldwide. Neuronal pentraxin 1 (NPTX1) has been reported to play an oncogenic role in several types of tumors. However, its expression and function in HCC is not yet fully understood. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance of NPTX1 in HCC and the underlying mechanisms. We observed that the expression of NPTX1 was decreased significantly in HCC and was associated with tumor size and metastasis in patients. Gain-of-function approaches revealed that NPTX1 suppressed the growth ability of HCC cells and contributed to mitochondria- related apoptosis. Furthermore, mechanistic investigations showed that the AKT (AKT serine/threonine kinase) pathway can regulate the effects of NPTX1 in HCC cells. After blocking the AKT pathway, the action of NPTX1 was greatly increased. In summary, we demonstrated that NPTX1 inhibited growth and promoted apoptosis in HCC via an AKT-mediated signaling mechanism. These findings indicate that NPTX1 is a potential clinical therapeutic target.
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70
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Makarević J, Rutz J, Juengel E, Maxeiner S, Tsaur I, Chun FKH, Bereiter-Hahn J, Blaheta RA. Influence of the HDAC Inhibitor Valproic Acid on the Growth and Proliferation of Temsirolimus-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells In Vitro. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040566. [PMID: 31010254 PMCID: PMC6520872 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is elevated in prostate cancer, making this protein attractive for tumor treatment. Unfortunately, resistance towards mTOR inhibitors develops and the tumor becomes reactivated. We determined whether epigenetic modulation by the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, valproic acid (VPA), may counteract non-responsiveness to the mTOR inhibitor, temsirolimus, in prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Prostate cancer cells, sensitive (parental) and resistant to temsirolimus, were exposed to VPA, and tumor cell growth behavior compared. Temsirolimus resistance enhanced the number of tumor cells in the G2/M-phase, correlating with elevated cell proliferation and clonal growth. The cell cycling proteins cdk1 and cyclin B, along with Akt-mTOR signaling increased, whereas p19, p21 and p27 decreased, compared to the parental cells. VPA significantly reduced cell growth and up-regulated the acetylated histones H3 and H4. Cdk1 and cyclin B decreased, as did phosphorylated mTOR and the mTOR sub-complex Raptor. The mTOR sub-member Rictor and phosphorylated Akt increased under VPA. Knockdown of cdk1, cyclin B, or Raptor led to significant cell growth reduction. HDAC inhibition through VPA counteracts temsirolimus resistance, probably by down-regulating cdk1, cyclin B and Raptor. Enhanced Rictor and Akt, however, may represent an undesired feedback loop, which should be considered when designing future therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Makarević
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Jochen Rutz
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Eva Juengel
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Maxeiner
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Igor Tsaur
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Felix K-H Chun
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Bereiter-Hahn
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Roman A Blaheta
- Department of Urology, Goethe-University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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71
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Arriaga JM, Abate-Shen C. Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of Prostate Cancer in the Postgenomic Era. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2019; 9:cshperspect.a030528. [PMID: 29661807 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent genomic sequencing analyses have unveiled the spectrum of genomic alterations that occur in primary and advanced prostate cancer, raising the question of whether the corresponding genes are functionally relevant for prostate tumorigenesis, and whether such functions are associated with particular disease stages. In this review, we describe genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of prostate cancer, focusing on those that model genomic alterations known to occur in human prostate cancer. We consider whether the phenotypes of GEMMs based on gain or loss of function of the relevant genes provide reliable counterparts to study the predicted consequences of the corresponding genomic alterations as occur in human prostate cancer, and we discuss exceptions in which the GEMMs do not fully emulate the expected phenotypes. Last, we highlight future directions for the generation of new GEMMs of prostate cancer and consider how we can use GEMMs most effectively to decipher the biological and molecular mechanisms of disease progression, as well as to tackle clinically relevant questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Arriaga
- Departments of Urology, Medicine, Systems Biology, and Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
| | - Cory Abate-Shen
- Departments of Urology, Medicine, Systems Biology, and Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
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72
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Yin W, Liu Y, Bian Z. MG53 Inhibits the Progression of Tongue Cancer Cells through Regulating PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway: Evidence from 3D Cell Culture and Animal Model. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805492. [PMID: 30690890 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MG53 is transcriptionally activated by the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT signal pathway, which is closely related with oncogenesis of several tumors. Here, the role of MG53 in the tumorigenesis of tongue cancer is analyzed in vitro and in vivo. The stable MG53 overexpression/knockdown SCC9 and SCC25 cells are constructed through retrovirus infection. Then a PLGA cylinder is used to provide a 3D culture environment for cell growth. Cell counting results suggest that overexpression of MG53 inhibits the cell proliferation and colony formation of SCC9 and SCC25 cells. While knockdown of MG53 has the opposite effect. Furthermore, knockdown of MG53 significantly promotes the invasion of SCC9 and SCC25 cells. Western blotting data confirm that MG53 affects the expression of the AKT signaling pathway. In a xenograft assay, knockdown of MG53 promotes the growth of xenograft which is induced by SCC25 cells in nude mice. The findings demonstrate that MG53 affects the biological behavior of human tongue cancer SCC9 and SCC25 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yaoli Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zhuan Bian
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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73
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Histone methyltransferase NSD2 regulates apoptosis and chemosensitivity in osteosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:65. [PMID: 30683853 PMCID: PMC6347630 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumour. However, the genetic basis for the pathogenesis of OS remains elusive. In this study, we uncovered the role of the histone methyltransferase NSD2 in regulating tumourigenesis and chemosensitivity in OS. We show that NSD2 knockdown leads to increased apoptosis in OS cells in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, NSD2 knockdown significantly enhances the efficacy of cisplatin against OS cells and accordingly inhibits properties associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). Furthermore, RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that NSD2 promotes transcription of genes associated with negative regulation of apoptotic signalling pathways and CSC properties. The results of chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) assays indicated that NSD2 knockdown leads to decreased H3K36me2 modification at BCL2 and SOX2 loci, thus inhibiting the transcription of these two genes that are closely correlated with apoptosis, CSC properties and chemosensitivity in OS cells. Pathway analysis demonstrated that the ERK and AKT pathways mediate the regulation of OS progression and chemosensitivity by NSD2. Overall, our study is the first to uncover the function of NSD2 in OS chemosensitivity. NSD2 regulates the expression of the apoptosis regulatory proteins BCL2 and SOX2 through the ERK and AKT pathways. Our results suggest that NSD2 is a new target for combined chemotherapy and is a prognostic factor for OS.
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74
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Ding Y, Li N, Dong B, Guo W, Wei H, Chen Q, Yuan H, Han Y, Chang H, Kan S, Wang X, Pan Q, Wu P, Peng C, Qiu T, Li Q, Gao D, Xue W, Qin J. Chromatin remodeling ATPase BRG1 and PTEN are synthetic lethal in prostate cancer. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:759-773. [PMID: 30496141 DOI: 10.1172/jci123557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) represents one hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa). However, restoration of PTEN or inhibition of the activated PI3K/AKT pathway has shown limited success, prompting us to identify obligate targets for disease intervention. We hypothesized that PTEN loss might expose cells to unique epigenetic vulnerabilities. Here, we identified a synthetic lethal relationship between PTEN and Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1), an ATPase subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Higher BRG1 expression in tumors with low PTEN expression was associated with a worse clinical outcome. Genetically engineered mice (GEMs) and organoid assays confirmed that ablation of PTEN sensitized the cells to BRG1 depletion. Mechanistically, PTEN loss stabilized BRG1 protein through the inhibition of the AKT/GSK3β/FBXW7 axis. Increased BRG1 expression in PTEN-deficient PCa cells led to chromatin remodeling into configurations that drove a protumorigenic transcriptome, causing cells to become further addicted to BRG1. Furthermore, we showed in preclinical models that BRG1 antagonist selectively inhibited the progression of PTEN-deficient prostate tumors. Together, our results highlight the synthetic lethal relationship between PTEN and BRG1 and support targeting BRG1 as an effective approach to the treatment of PTEN-deficient PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qilong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huairui Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanwen Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Kan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuege Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Peng
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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75
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Han X, Piao L, Yuan X, Wang L, Liu Z, He X. Knockdown of NSD2 Suppresses Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis by Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:1404-1411. [PMID: 31692936 PMCID: PMC6818196 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.36128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for around 85% of all primary kidney neoplasms, which is one of top 10 common cancers worldwide. Nuclear receptor suppressor of variegation, enhancer of zeste, and trithorax (SET) domain-containing 2 (NSD2), belonging to NSD protein family, functions as an oncogene in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers. Methods: GEO database was used to analyze the expression of NSD2 mRNA in renal cancer. Furthermore, NSD2 protein level in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Knockdown efficiency of different siRNAs was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis. The biological role and molecular mechanism of NSD2 in RCC metastasis were investigated via a series of functional experiments. Results: NSD2 mRNA was massively amplified in several types of renal cancer, especially in metastatic ccRCC. The expression level of NSD2 protein was elevated in ccRCC tissues, but not correlated with pathological grading. The migratory and invasive properties were significantly repressed in NSD2-silenced RCC cells, concurrent with an increase of E-cadherin expression and a decrease of N-cadherin and Vimentin expression. Conclusion: Down-regulation of NSD2 could potently suppress cell migration and invasion through inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), indicating that NSD2 may be a potential therapeutic target for metastatic RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 213003, Changzhou, China
| | - Lianhua Piao
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, 213001, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 213003, Changzhou, China
| | - Luhui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 213003, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 213003, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 213003, Changzhou, China
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76
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Natesan R, Aras S, Effron SS, Asangani IA. Epigenetic Regulation of Chromatin in Prostate Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1210:379-407. [PMID: 31900918 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32656-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to mitotically/meiotically heritable mechanisms that regulate gene transcription without a need for changes in the DNA code. Covalent modifications of DNA, in the form of methylation, and histone post-translational modifications, in the form of acetylation and methylation, constitute the epigenetic code of a cell. Both DNA and histone modifications are highly dynamic and often work in unison to define the epigenetic state of a cell. Most epigenetic mechanisms regulate gene transcription by affecting localized/genome-wide transitions between heterochromatin and euchromatin states, thereby altering the accessibility of the transcriptional machinery and in turn, reduce/increase transcriptional output. Altered chromatin structure is associated with cancer progression, and epigenetic plasticity primarily governs the resistance of cancer cells to therapeutic agents. In this chapter, we specifically focus on regulators of histone methylation and acetylation, the two well-studied chromatin post-translational modifications, in the context of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan Natesan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shweta Aras
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samuel Sander Effron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irfan A Asangani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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77
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Aytes A, Giacobbe A, Mitrofanova A, Ruggero K, Cyrta J, Arriaga J, Palomero L, Farran-Matas S, Rubin MA, Shen MM, Califano A, Abate-Shen C. NSD2 is a conserved driver of metastatic prostate cancer progression. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5201. [PMID: 30518758 PMCID: PMC6281610 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Deciphering cell-intrinsic mechanisms of metastasis progression in vivo is essential to identify novel therapeutic approaches. Here we elucidate cell-intrinsic drivers of metastatic prostate cancer progression through analyses of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) and correlative studies of human prostate cancer. Expression profiling of lineage-marked cells from mouse primary tumors and metastases defines a signature of de novo metastatic progression. Cross-species master regulator analyses comparing this mouse signature with a comparable human signature identifies conserved drivers of metastatic progression with demonstrable clinical and functional relevance. In particular, nuclear receptor binding SET Domain Protein 2 (NSD2) is robustly expressed in lethal prostate cancer in humans, while its silencing inhibits metastasis of mouse allografts in vivo. We propose that cross-species analysis can elucidate mechanisms of metastasis progression, thus providing potential additional therapeutic opportunities for treatment of lethal prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Aytes
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 160 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Programs of Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapeutics in Oncology (ONCOBell), and Cancer Therapeutics Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Gran Via de L'Hospitalet, 199, 08908, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Arianna Giacobbe
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 160 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Antonina Mitrofanova
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Health Informatics, Rutgers School of Health Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ, 07101, USA
| | - Katia Ruggero
- Programs of Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapeutics in Oncology (ONCOBell), and Cancer Therapeutics Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Gran Via de L'Hospitalet, 199, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joanna Cyrta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Juan Arriaga
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 160 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Luis Palomero
- Programs of Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapeutics in Oncology (ONCOBell), and Cancer Therapeutics Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Gran Via de L'Hospitalet, 199, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Farran-Matas
- Programs of Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapeutics in Oncology (ONCOBell), and Cancer Therapeutics Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Gran Via de L'Hospitalet, 199, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, CH-3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael M Shen
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 160 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Cory Abate-Shen
- Department of Urology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 160 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1130 Saint Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630W 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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78
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Wu ZR, Yan L, Liu YT, Cao L, Guo YH, Zhang Y, Yao H, Cai L, Shang HB, Rui WW, Yang G, Zhang XB, Tang H, Wang Y, Huang JY, Wei YX, Zhao WG, Su B, Wu ZB. Inhibition of mTORC1 by lncRNA H19 via disrupting 4E-BP1/Raptor interaction in pituitary tumours. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4624. [PMID: 30397197 PMCID: PMC6218470 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNA H19 has been associated with tumour progression, but the underlying molecular tumourigenesis mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we report that H19 expression is frequently downregulated in human primary pituitary adenomas and is negatively correlated with tumour progression. Consistently, upregulation of H19 expression inhibits pituitary tumour cell proliferation in vitro and tumour growth in vivo. Importantly, we uncover a function of H19, which controls cell/tumour growth through inhibiting function of mTORC1 but not mTORC2. Mechanistically, we show that H19 could block mTORC1-mediated 4E-BP1 phosphorylation without affecting S6K1 activation. At the molecular level, H19 interacted with 4E-BP1 at the TOS motif and competitively inhibited 4E-BP1 binding to Raptor. Finally, we demonstrate that H19 is more effective than cabergoline treatment in the suppression of pituitary tumours. Together, our study uncovered the role of H19-mTOR-4E-BP1 axis in pituitary tumour growth regulation that may be a potential therapeutic target for human pituitary tumours. LncRNA H19 has been shown to be aberrantly expressed in different cancers. Here, the authors show that H19 lncRNA is downregulated in pituitary adenomas and H19 is able to impede pituitary tumorigenesis via disruption of 4E-BPB1 and Raptor interaction to inhibit the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Rui Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lichong Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Ting Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Hang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Han Bing Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wei Rui
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 410000, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Biao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200127, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Xu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Guo Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Su
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhe Bao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
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79
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Schmidt KM, Dietrich P, Hackl C, Guenzle J, Bronsert P, Wagner C, Fichtner-Feigl S, Schlitt HJ, Geissler EK, Hellerbrand C, Lang SA. Inhibition of mTORC2/RICTOR Impairs Melanoma Hepatic Metastasis. Neoplasia 2018; 20:1198-1208. [PMID: 30404068 PMCID: PMC6224335 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) with its pivotal component rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) is the major regulator of AKT phosphorylation and is increasingly implicated in tumor growth and progression. In cutaneous melanoma, an extremely aggressive and highly metastatic disease, RICTOR overexpression is involved in tumor development and invasiveness. Therefore, we investigated the impact of RICTOR inhibition in melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo with special emphasis on hepatic metastasis. Moreover, our study focused on the interaction of tumor cells and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) which play a crucial role in the hepatic microenvironment. In silico analysis revealed increased RICTOR expression in melanoma cells and tissues and indicated higher expression in advanced melanoma stages and metastases. In vitro, transient RICTOR knock-down via siRNA caused a significant reduction of tumor cell motility. Using a syngeneic murine splenic injection model, a significant decrease in liver metastasis burden was detected in vivo. Moreover, stimulation of melanoma cells with conditioned medium (CM) from activated HSC or hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) led to a significant induction of AKT phosphorylation and tumor cell motility. Blocking of RICTOR expression in cancer cells diminished constitutive and HGF-induced AKT phosphorylation as well as cell motility. Interestingly, RICTOR blockade also led to an abrogation of CM-induced effects on AKT phosphorylation and motility in melanoma cells. In conclusion, these results provide first evidence for a critical role of mTORC2/RICTOR in melanoma liver metastasis via cancer cell/HSC interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Dietrich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, Germany; Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christina Hackl
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Jessica Guenzle
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, Germany.
| | - Peter Bronsert
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 115a, Germany; Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 115a, Germany.
| | - Christine Wagner
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Fichtner-Feigl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, Germany.
| | - Hans J Schlitt
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Edward K Geissler
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, Germany.
| | - Sven A Lang
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany; Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, Germany.
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80
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Abstract
Despite the high long-term survival in localized prostate cancer, metastatic prostate cancer remains largely incurable even after intensive multimodal therapy. The lethality of advanced disease is driven by the lack of therapeutic regimens capable of generating durable responses in the setting of extreme tumor heterogeneity on the genetic and cell biological levels. Here, we review available prostate cancer model systems, the prostate cancer genome atlas, cellular and functional heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment, tumor-intrinsic and tumor-extrinsic mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance, and technological advances focused on disease detection and management. These advances, along with an improved understanding of the adaptive responses to conventional cancer therapies, anti-androgen therapy, and immunotherapy, are catalyzing development of more effective therapeutic strategies for advanced disease. In particular, knowledge of the heterotypic interactions between and coevolution of cancer and host cells in the tumor microenvironment has illuminated novel therapeutic combinations with a strong potential for more durable therapeutic responses and eventual cures for advanced disease. Improved disease management will also benefit from artificial intelligence-based expert decision support systems for proper standard of care, prognostic determinant biomarkers to minimize overtreatment of localized disease, and new standards of care accelerated by next-generation adaptive clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocan Wang
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Denise J Spring
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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81
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Tang Y, Pan J, Huang S, Peng X, Zou X, Luo Y, Ren D, Zhang X, Li R, He P, Wa Q. Downregulation of miR-133a-3p promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis via activating PI3K/AKT signaling. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:160. [PMID: 30021600 PMCID: PMC6052526 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0813-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone metastasis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Downexpression of miR-133a-3p has been found to contribute to the progression, recurrence and distant metastasis in PCa. However, clinical significance of miR-133a-3p in bone metastasis of PCa, and the biological role of miR-133a-3p and its molecular mechanisms underlying bone metastasis of PCa remain unclear. METHODS miR-133a-3p expression was evaluated in 245 clinical PCa tissues by real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical correlation between miR-133a-3p expression and clinicopathological features, and overall and bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients. The biological roles of miR-133a-3p in the bone metastasis of PCa were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis, real-time PCR, western blot and luciferase reporter analysis were applied to demonstrate the relationship between miR-133a-3p and its potential targets. Western blotting and luciferase assays were examined to identify the underlying pathway involved in the anti-tumor role of miR-133a-3p. Clinical correlation of miR-133a-3p with its targets was verified in human PCa tissues. RESULTS miR-133a-3p expression is reduced in PCa tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues and benign prostate lesion tissues, particularly in bone metastatic PCa tissues. Low expression of miR-133a-3p is significantly correlated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics and shorter bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients by statistical analysis. Moreover, upregulating miR-133a-3p inhibits cancer stem cell-like phenotypes in vitro and in vivo, as well as attenuates anoikis resistance in vitro in PCa cells. Importantly, administration of agomir-133a-3p greatly suppresses the incidence of PCa bone metastasis in vivo. Our results further demonstrate that miR-133a-3p suppresses bone metastasis of PCa via inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling by directly targeting multiple cytokine receptors, including EGFR, FGFR1, IGF1R and MET. The negative clinical correlation of miR-133a-3p with EGFR, FGFR1, IGF1R, MET and PI3K/AKT signaling activity is determined in clinical PCa tissues. CONCLUSION Our results unveil a novel mechanism by which miR-133a-3p inhibits bone metastasis of PCa, providing the evidence that miR-133a-3p may serve as a potential bone metastasis marker in PCa, and delivery of agomir-133a-3p may be an effective anti-bone metastasis therapeutic strategy in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jincheng Pan
- Department of Urology Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuenong Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongxiang Luo
- Department of biomedical engineering, health science center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Dong Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Ronggang Li
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Peiheng He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2rd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Qingde Wa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical college, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou Province, China.
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82
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Methylation of Aurora kinase A by MMSET reduces p53 stability and regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis. Oncogene 2018; 37:6212-6224. [PMID: 30013191 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The histone methyltransferase multiple myeloma SET domain protein (MMSET/WHSC1) is highly expressed in diverse tumor types, and its expression appears to be involved in cell proliferation. In this study, we report that MMSET interacts with and methylates Aurora kinase A (AURKA). We show that MMSET-mediated methylation of AURKA induces interaction with p53 as well as enhanced kinase activity of AURKA, which results in the proteasomal degradation of p53. MMSET-mediated p53 degradation increases cell proliferation and results in oncogenic activity. Furthermore, knockdown of MMSET potently inhibits tumorigenic cells and renders them sensitive to growth inhibition by the therapeutic drug, alisertib (AURKA inhibitor). Taken together, our results suggest that MMSET is a regulator of p53 stability via methylation of AURKA in proliferating cells and might be a potential therapeutic target in solid tumors.
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83
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Mancini A, Colapietro A, Pompili S, Del Fattore A, Delle Monache S, Biordi LA, Angelucci A, Mattei V, Liang C, Gravina GL, Festuccia C. Dual PI3 K/mTOR inhibition reduces prostate cancer bone engraftment altering tumor-induced bone remodeling. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428318771773. [PMID: 29687745 DOI: 10.1177/1010428318771773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Morbidity in advanced prostate cancer patients is largely associated with bone metastatic events. The development of novel therapeutic strategies is imperative in order to effectively treat this incurable stage of the malignancy. In this context, Akt signaling pathway represents a promising therapeutic target able to counteract biochemical recurrence and metastatic progression in prostate cancer. We explored the therapeutic potential of a novel dual PI3 K/mTOR inhibitor, X480, to inhibit tumor growth and bone colonization using different in vivo prostate cancer models including the subcutaneous injection of aggressive and bone metastatic (PC3) and non-bone metastatic (22rv1) cell lines and preclinical models known to generate bone lesions. We observed that X480 both inhibited the primary growth of subcutaneous tumors generated by PC3 and 22rv1 cells and reduced bone spreading of PCb2, a high osteotropic PC3 cell derivative. In metastatic bone, X480 inhibited significantly the growth and osteolytic activity of PC3 cells as observed by intratibial injection model. X480 also increased the bone disease-free survival compared to untreated animals. In vitro experiments demonstrated that X480 was effective in counteracting osteoclastogenesis whereas it stimulated osteoblast activity. Our report provides novel information on the potential activity of PI3 K/Akt inhibitors on the formation and progression of prostate cancer bone metastases and supports a biological rationale for the use of these inhibitors in castrate-resistant prostate cancer patients at high risk of developing clinically evident bone lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mancini
- 1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Colapietro
- 1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Simona Pompili
- 2 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Human Anatomy, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Simona Delle Monache
- 4 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Applied Biology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Leda Assunta Biordi
- 5 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Adriano Angelucci
- 6 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of General Pathology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- 7 Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Environmental Pathology, Rieti University Hub "Sabina Universitas," Rieti, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Luca Gravina
- 9 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Division of Radiology Oncology; University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudio Festuccia
- 1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Radiobiology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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84
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Ruggero K, Farran-Matas S, Martinez-Tebar A, Aytes A. Epigenetic Regulation in Prostate Cancer Progression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 4:101-115. [PMID: 29888169 PMCID: PMC5976687 DOI: 10.1007/s40610-018-0095-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review An important number of newly identified molecular alterations in prostate cancer affect gene encoding master regulators of chromatin biology epigenetic regulation. This review will provide an updated view of the key epigenetic mechanisms underlying prostate cancer progression, therapy resistance, and potential actionable mechanisms and biomarkers. Recent Findings Key players in chromatin biology and epigenetic master regulators has been recently described to be crucially altered in metastatic CRPC and tumors that progress to AR independency. As such, epigenetic dysregulation represents a driving mechanism in the reprograming of prostate cancer cells as they lose AR-imposed identity. Summary Chromatin integrity and accessibility for transcriptional regulation are key features altered in cancer progression, and particularly relevant in nuclear hormone receptor-driven tumors like prostate cancer. Understanding how chromatin remodeling dictates prostate development and how its deregulation contributes to prostate cancer onset and progression may improve risk stratification and treatment selection for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Ruggero
- Programs of Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapeutics in Oncology (ONCOBell), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Granvia de l'Hopitalet, 199 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Farran-Matas
- Programs of Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapeutics in Oncology (ONCOBell), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Granvia de l'Hopitalet, 199 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Martinez-Tebar
- Programs of Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapeutics in Oncology (ONCOBell), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Granvia de l'Hopitalet, 199 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alvaro Aytes
- Programs of Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapeutics in Oncology (ONCOBell), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, Granvia de l'Hopitalet, 199 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.,Programs of Cancer Therapeutics Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
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85
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Jebali A, Dumaz N. The role of RICTOR downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase in cancers. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:39. [PMID: 29455662 PMCID: PMC5817857 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of the network defined by phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) downstream of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) has been known for many years but the central role of RICTOR (rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR) in this pathway is only starting to emerge. RICTOR is critical for mTORC2 (the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2) kinase activity and as such plays a key role downstream of RTK. Alterations of RICTOR have been identified in a number of cancer cell types and its involvement in tumorigenesis has begun to be unraveled recently. Here, we summarize new research into the biology of RICTOR signaling in cancers focusing on tumors with altered RTK. We show that, as a key signaling node and critical effector of RTKs, RICTOR is becoming a valuable therapeutic target in cancer with altered RTK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Jebali
- INSERM, U976, Centre de Recherche sur la Peau, Hôpital Saint Louis, F-75010, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris cedex 10, Paris, France.,Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 976, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Dumaz
- INSERM, U976, Centre de Recherche sur la Peau, Hôpital Saint Louis, F-75010, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris cedex 10, Paris, France. .,Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 976, F-75010, Paris, France.
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86
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Lei HW, Tao KX. Relationship between NSD2 and tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:3218-3223. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i36.3218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor binding SET domain-protein 2 (NSD2), also known as MMSET or WHSC1, is a member of the NSD family. Methylation of histone as an important regulatory mechanism in epigenetics plays an important role in transcriptional regulation and chromatin remodeling. The overexpression of NSD2, caused by t(4; 14) (p16; q23) translocation, is closely related to the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma. In addition, high expression of NSD2 can be detected in many other malignant tumors. NSD2 catalyzes the methylation of the lysine sites of histone, and promotes the initiation and progression of tumors by participating in the interaction among multiple proteins or the regulation of target genes. NSD2 and related signal molecules are expected to be the targets for treatment of various related tumors. Elucidating the mechanism of NSD2 may promote the development of targeted drugs and provide new solutions for the treatment of various NSD2-related tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Lei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kai-Xiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
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87
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Cao X, Han C, Wen J, Guo X, Zhang K. Nicotine increases apoptosis in HUVECs cultured in high glucose/high fat via Akt ubiquitination and degradation. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 45:198-204. [PMID: 28963785 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is well-documented that nicotine, the main active ingredient in cigarettes, results in endothelial cell injury in numerous diseases. However, whether nicotine plays a crucial role in endothelial cell injury in diabetes and the exact molecular mechanism that mediates this process have not been fully elucidated. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of nicotine on endothelial cell injury in diabetes and the specific molecular mechanism by which it plays a role. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were incubated in HG/HF media and treated with nicotine, PYR-41 (a selective ubiquitin E1 inhibitor), Akt-overexpressing adenovirus, or TTC3 and MUL1 shRNA adenovirus. Cell viability was subsequently detected by the CCK8 assay, and apoptosis was examined by caspase-3 cleavage and activity analysis. Compared to the HG/HF incubated group, nicotine incubation significantly decreased cell survival and increased apoptosis. Moreover, nicotine induced Akt degradation via UPS, and Akt overexpression blocked nicotine-induced apoptosis in HUVECs cultured in HG/HF media. Furthermore, the TTC3 and MUL1 shRNA adenovirus dramatically decreased the Akt ubiquitination and apoptosis induced by nicotine. These results indicate that nicotine-induced Akt ubiquitination and degradation occurs through TTC3 and MUL1 and results in a dramatic increase in apoptosis in HUVECs cultured in HG/HF media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Cao
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Baoji City, Baoji City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Chunling Han
- Baoji Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Baoji City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jinsuo Wen
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Baoji City, Baoji City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaokun Guo
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Baoji City, Baoji City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Kejian Zhang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Baoji City, Baoji City, Shanxi Province, China
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88
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Yuan H, Li N, Fu D, Ren J, Hui J, Peng J, Liu Y, Qiu T, Jiang M, Pan Q, Han Y, Wang X, Li Q, Qin J. Histone methyltransferase SETD2 modulates alternative splicing to inhibit intestinal tumorigenesis. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:3375-3391. [PMID: 28825595 DOI: 10.1172/jci94292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone H3K36 methyltransferase SETD2 is frequently mutated or deleted in a variety of human tumors. Nevertheless, the role of SETD2 loss in oncogenesis remains largely undefined. Here, we found that SETD2 counteracts Wnt signaling and its inactivation promotes intestinal tumorigenesis in mouse models of colorectal cancer (CRC). SETD2 was not required for intestinal homeostasis under steady state; however, upon irradiation, genetic inactivation of Setd2 in mouse intestinal epithelium facilitated the self-renewal of intestinal stem/progenitor cells as well as tissue regeneration. Furthermore, depletion of SETD2 enhanced the susceptibility to tumorigenesis in the context of dysregulated Wnt signaling. Mechanistic characterizations indicated that SETD2 downregulation affects the alternative splicing of a subset of genes implicated in tumorigenesis. Importantly, we uncovered that SETD2 ablation reduces intron retention of dishevelled segment polarity protein 2 (DVL2) pre-mRNA, which would otherwise be degraded by nonsense-mediated decay, thereby augmenting Wnt signaling. The signaling cascades mediated by SETD2 were further substantiated by a CRC patient cohort analysis. Together, our studies highlight SETD2 as an integral regulator of Wnt signaling through epigenetic regulation of RNA processing during tissue regeneration and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huairui Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni Li
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Fu
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Han
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qintong Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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89
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Sui HX, Ke SZ, Xu DD, Lu NN, Wang YN, Zhang YH, Gao FG. Nicotine induces TIPE2 upregulation and Stat3 phosphorylation contributes to cholinergic anti-inflammatory effect. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:987-995. [PMID: 28766689 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway has therapeutic effect on inflammation-associated diseases. However, the exact mechanism of nicotine-mediated anti-inflammatory effect is still unclear. TIPE2, a new member of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8 family, is a negative regulator of immune homeostasis. However, the roles of TIPE2 in cholinergic anti-inflammatory effect are still uncertain. Here, we demonstrated that nicotine exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by TIPE2 upregulation and phosphorylated stat3 mediated the inhibition of NF-κB activation, which was supported by the following evidence: firstly, both nicotine and TIPE2 inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine release via NF-κB inactivation. Secondly, nicotine upregulates TIPE2 expression via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Moreover, the enhancement of stat3 phosphorylation and decrease of LPS-induced p65 translocation were achieved by nicotine treatment. Importantly, nicotine treatment augments the interaction of phosphorylated stat3 and p65, indicating that the inhibitory effect of nicotine on NF-κB activation was mediated with protein-protein interactions. Hence, this study revealed that TIPE2 upregulation and stat3 phosphorylation contribute to nicotine-mediated anti-inflammation effect, indicating that TIPE2 and stat3 might be potential molecules for dealing with inflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xiu Sui
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Shi Zhong Ke
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Dan Dan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Nan Nan Lu
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Yi Nan Wang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Yue Hua Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
| | - Feng Guang Gao
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, P.R. China
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