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Bello UM, Winser SJ, Chan CCH. Role of kinaesthetic motor imagery in mirror-induced visual illusion as intervention in post-stroke rehabilitation. Rev Neurosci 2020; 31:659-674. [PMID: 32229682 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mirror-induced visual illusion obtained through mirror therapy is widely used to facilitate motor recovery after stroke. Activation of primary motor cortex (M1) ipsilateral to the moving limb has been reported during mirror-induced visual illusion. However, the mechanism through which the mirror illusion elicits motor execution processes without movements observed in the mirrored limb remains unclear. This study aims to review evidence based on brain imaging studies for testing the hypothesis that neural processes associated with kinaesthetic motor imagery are attributed to ipsilateral M1 activation. Four electronic databases were searched. Studies on functional brain imaging, investigating the instant effects of mirror-induced visual illusion among stroke survivors and healthy participants were included. Thirty-five studies engaging 78 stroke survivors and 396 healthy participants were reviewed. Results of functional brain scans (n = 20) indicated that half of the studies (n = 10, 50%) reported significant changes in the activation of ipsilateral M1, which mediates motor preparation and execution. Other common neural substrates included primary somatosensory cortex (45%, kinaesthesia), precuneus (40%, image generation and self-processing operations) and cerebellum (20%, motor control). Similar patterns of ipsilateral M1 activations were observed in the two groups. These neural substrates mediated the generation, maintenance, and manipulation of motor-related images, which were the key processes in kinaesthetic motor imagery. Relationships in terms of shared neural substrates and mental processes between mirror-induced visual illusion and kinaesthetic motor imagery generate new evidence on the role of the latter in mirror therapy. Future studies should investigate the imagery processes in illusion training for post-stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar M Bello
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, No. 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Physiotherapy, Yobe State University Teaching Hospital, Along Potiskum Road, Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria
| | - Stanley J Winser
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, No. 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, No. 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, No. 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, No. 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Zotev V, Mayeli A, Misaki M, Bodurka J. Emotion self-regulation training in major depressive disorder using simultaneous real-time fMRI and EEG neurofeedback. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 27:102331. [PMID: 32623140 PMCID: PMC7334611 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous real-time fMRI and EEG neurofeedback (rtfMRI-EEG-nf) is an emerging neuromodulation approach, that enables simultaneous volitional regulation of both hemodynamic (BOLD fMRI) and electrophysiological (EEG) brain activities. Here we report the first application of rtfMRI-EEG-nf for emotion self-regulation training in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). In this proof-of-concept study, MDD patients in the experimental group (n = 16) used rtfMRI-EEG-nf during a happy emotion induction task to simultaneously upregulate two fMRI and two EEG activity measures relevant to MDD. The target measures included BOLD activities of the left amygdala (LA) and left rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), and frontal EEG asymmetries in the alpha band (FAA, [7.5-12.5] Hz) and high-beta band (FBA, [21-30] Hz). MDD patients in the control group (n = 8) were provided with sham feedback signals. An advanced procedure for improved real-time EEG-fMRI artifact correction was implemented. The experimental group participants demonstrated significant upregulation of the LA BOLD activity, FAA, and FBA during the rtfMRI-EEG-nf task, as well as significant enhancement in fMRI connectivity between the LA and left rACC. Average individual FAA changes during the rtfMRI-EEG-nf task positively correlated with depression and anhedonia severities, and negatively correlated with after-vs-before changes in depressed mood ratings. Temporal correlations between the FAA and FBA time courses and the LA BOLD activity were significantly enhanced during the rtfMRI-EEG-nf task. The experimental group participants reported significant mood improvements after the training. Our results suggest that the rtfMRI-EEG-nf may have potential for treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Zotev
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.
| | - Ahmad Mayeli
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA; Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Masaya Misaki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Jerzy Bodurka
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA; Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
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Functional representation of the symbol digit modalities test in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 43:102159. [PMID: 32473564 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is essential in the screening of cognitive impairments in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methodological adaptions of the SDMT on functional MRI exist, but without specific investigation of more cognitive components of information processing speed (IPS). Additionally, there is only limited data on functional differences between MS-patients and healthy controls (HC). METHODS 20 MS-patients and 20 HC were investigated executing the original version of the SDMT on fMRI. We analyzed (1) neural networks as indicated in the methodological adaptions (i.e. frontal (Brodman area BA6, BA9), parietal (BA7), occipital (BA17) and cerebellar), (2) functional activations of cognitive components of IPS and (3) functional differences between MS and HC during SDMT. RESULTS MS patients performed worse during the SDMT. Both groups demonstrated activation on each region of interest. Cognitive component of IPS was driven by superior parietal and posterior cerebellar activation. MS-patients showed decreased cingulate activation during SDMT as compared to HC. CONCLUSION The original SDMT task revealed comparable fMRI-activation sites as reported for previous adaptions. Cognitive components of IPS depend on superior parietal and medial posterior cerebellar regions known to process visuo-spatial integration and anticipation. Attention related areas in the cingulate cortex were decreased in MS-patients.
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Aprigio D, Tanaka GK, Bittencourt J, Gongora M, Teixeira S, Cagy M, Budde H, Orsini M, Ribeiro P, Velasques B. Dopaminergic drugs alter beta coherence during motor imagery and motor execution in healthy adults. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2020; 78:199-205. [PMID: 32294746 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20190186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor Imagery (MI) represents the cognitive component of the movement and recruits dopaminergic systems. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of dopaminergic system through the action of methylphenidate and risperidone over beta coherence during execution, action observation and motor imagery. METHODS Electroencephalography (EEG) data were recorded before and after the substance intake. For statistical analysis, a three-way ANOVA was used to identify changes in beta coherence induced by the group, task and the moment variables. Statistical significance was set at p≤0.007. RESULTS We found a main effect for group for C3/CZ, and a main effect for task for CZ/C4 pairs of electrodes. Furthermore, significant differences were found in the post-drug administration between groups for C3/CZ pair of electrodes, and between task for C4/CZ pair of electrodes. CONCLUSION The administration of methylphenidate and risperidone was able to produce electrocortical changes of the cortical central regions, even when featuring antagonistic effects on the dopaminergic pathways. Moreover, the execution task allowed beta-band modulation increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Aprigio
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Instituto de Neurociências Aplicadas, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Guaraci Ken Tanaka
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Instituto de Neurociências Aplicadas, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bittencourt
- Instituto de Neurociências Aplicadas, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gongora
- Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Mapeamento Cerebral e Integração Sensoriomotora, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Silmar Teixeira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Piauí, Laboratório de Plasticidade e Mapeamento Cerebral, Parnaíba PI, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Cagy
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Henning Budde
- Lithuanian Sports University (LSU), Kaunas, Lithuania.,Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Reykjavik University, Sport Science, Reykajvik, Iceland
| | - Marco Orsini
- Universidade de Vassouras, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Instituto de Neurociências Aplicadas, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desporto, Departamento de Biociências, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruna Velasques
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Instituto de Neurociências Aplicadas, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Laboratório de Mapeamento Cerebral e Integração Sensoriomotora, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
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55
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Kobayashi T, Fukami H, Ishikawa E, Shibata K, Kubota M, Kondo H, Sahara Y. An fMRI Study of the Brain Network Involved in Teeth Tapping in Elderly Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:32. [PMID: 32256334 PMCID: PMC7090023 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical activity during jaw movement has been analyzed using various non-invasive brain imaging methods, but the contribution of orofacial sensory input to voluntary jaw movements remains unclear. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to observe brain activities during a simple teeth tapping task in adult dentulous (AD), older dentulous (OD), and older edentulous subjects who wore dentures (OEd) or did not wear dentures (OE) to analyze their functional network connections. (1) To assess the effect of age on natural activation patterns during teeth tapping, a comparison of groups with natural dentition—AD and OD—was undertaken. A general linear model analysis indicated that the major activated site in the AD group was the primary sensory cortex (SI) and motor cortex (MI) (p < 0.05, family wise error corrected). In the OD group, teeth tapping induced brain activity at various foci (p < 0.05, family wise error corrected), including the SI, MI, insula cortex, supplementary motor cortex (SMC)/premotor cortex (PMA), cerebellum, thalamus, and basal ganglia in each group. (2) Group comparisons between the OD and OEd subjects showed decreased activity in the SI, MI, Brodmann’s area 6 (BA6), thalamus (ventral posteromedial nucleus, VPM), basal ganglia, and insular cortex (p ¡ 0.005, uncorrected). This suggested that the decreased S1/M1 activity in the OEd group was related to missing teeth, which led to reduced periodontal afferents. (3) A conjunction analysis in the OD and OEd/OE groups revealed that commonly activated areas were the MI, SI, cerebellum, BA6, thalamus (VPM), and basal ganglia (putamen; p < 0.05, FWE corrected). These areas have been associated with voluntary movements. (4) Psychophysiological interaction analysis (OEd vs OE) showed that subcortical and cortical structures, such as the MI, SI, DLPFC, SMC/PMA, insula cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum, likely function as hubs and form an integrated network that participates in the control of teeth tapping. These results suggest that oral sensory inputs are involved in the control of teeth tapping through feedforward control of intended movements, as well as feedback control of ongoing movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kobayashi
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - H Fukami
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Japan.,Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Health Care, Baika Women's University, Osaka, Japan
| | - E Ishikawa
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Japan
| | - K Shibata
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Japan
| | - M Kubota
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - H Kondo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Y Sahara
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Japan
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Treatment with Mesenchymal-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reduces Injury-Related Pathology in Pyramidal Neurons of Monkey Perilesional Ventral Premotor Cortex. J Neurosci 2020; 40:3385-3407. [PMID: 32241837 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2226-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional recovery after cortical injury, such as stroke, is associated with neural circuit reorganization, but the underlying mechanisms and efficacy of therapeutic interventions promoting neural plasticity in primates are not well understood. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), which mediate cell-to-cell inflammatory and trophic signaling, are thought be viable therapeutic targets. We recently showed, in aged female rhesus monkeys, that systemic administration of MSC-EVs enhances recovery of function after injury of the primary motor cortex, likely through enhancing plasticity in perilesional motor and premotor cortices. Here, using in vitro whole-cell patch-clamp recording and intracellular filling in acute slices of ventral premotor cortex (vPMC) from rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) of either sex, we demonstrate that MSC-EVs reduce injury-related physiological and morphologic changes in perilesional layer 3 pyramidal neurons. At 14-16 weeks after injury, vPMC neurons from both vehicle- and EV-treated lesioned monkeys exhibited significant hyperexcitability and predominance of inhibitory synaptic currents, compared with neurons from nonlesioned control brains. However, compared with vehicle-treated monkeys, neurons from EV-treated monkeys showed lower firing rates, greater spike frequency adaptation, and excitatory:inhibitory ratio. Further, EV treatment was associated with greater apical dendritic branching complexity, spine density, and inhibition, indicative of enhanced dendritic plasticity and filtering of signals integrated at the soma. Importantly, the degree of EV-mediated reduction of injury-related pathology in vPMC was significantly correlated with measures of behavioral recovery. These data show that EV treatment dampens injury-related hyperexcitability and restores excitatory:inhibitory balance in vPMC, thereby normalizing activity within cortical networks for motor function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neuronal plasticity can facilitate recovery of function after cortical injury, but the underlying mechanisms and efficacy of therapeutic interventions promoting this plasticity in primates are not well understood. Our recent work has shown that intravenous infusions of mesenchymal-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are involved in cell-to-cell inflammatory and trophic signaling can enhance recovery of motor function after injury in monkey primary motor cortex. This study shows that this EV-mediated enhancement of recovery is associated with amelioration of injury-related hyperexcitability and restoration of excitatory-inhibitory balance in perilesional ventral premotor cortex. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of mesenchymal EVs as a therapeutic to reduce injury-related pathologic changes in the physiology and structure of premotor pyramidal neurons and support recovery of function.
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Moon HC, Oh BH, Cheong C, Kim WS, Min KS, Kim YG, Park YS. Precentral and cerebellar atrophic changes in moyamoya disease using 7-T magnetic resonance imaging. Acta Radiol 2020; 61:487-495. [PMID: 31378078 DOI: 10.1177/0284185119866808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Chronic repeated transient ischemic changes are one of the common symptoms of moyamoya disease that could affect cortical and subcortical atrophy. Purpose We aimed to assess the cortical gray matter volume and thickness, white matter subcortical volume, and clinical characteristics using 7-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR angiography (MRA). Material and Methods In this case-control study, whole-brain parcellation of gray matter and subcortical volumes were manually assessed in nine patients with moyamoya disease (18 hemispheres; median age = 34 years; age range = 10–60 years) and nine healthy controls (18 hemispheres; median age = 29 years; age range = 20–62 years) matched for age and sex, who underwent both 7-T MRI and MRA. The volumes were measured using high-resolution image (<1 mm) processing based on the Desikan-Killiany-Tourville (DKT) atlas, via an automated segmentation method (FreeSurfer version 6.0). Results The gray matter volume of the left precentral cortex and the white matter volume of the subcortical cerebellum were lower in both hemispheres in the patients with moyamoya disease compared to the healthy controls. Conclusion Gray matter atrophy in the precentral cortex and cerebellar white matter were detected in this 7-T MRI volumetric analysis study of patients with moyamoya disease who experienced repeated transient ischemic changes. Cortical atrophy in precentral cortex and cerebellum could explain the transient motor weakness in patients with moyamoya disease, as one of the early findings was that patients with moyamoya disease do not have detectable infarction changes on conventional MRI images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Cheol Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, GKS Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Ho Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery, GKS Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaejoon Cheong
- Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seop Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Min
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Gyu Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, GKS Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Bhattacharjee S, Kashyap R, Abualait T, Annabel Chen SH, Yoo WK, Bashir S. The Role of Primary Motor Cortex: More Than Movement Execution. J Mot Behav 2020; 53:258-274. [PMID: 32194004 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2020.1738992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The predominant role of the primary motor cortex (M1) in motor execution is well acknowledged. However, additional roles of M1 are getting evident in humans owing to advances in noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques. This review collates such studies in humans and proposes that M1 also plays a key role in higher cognitive processes. The review commences with the studies that have investigated the nature of connectivity of M1 with other cortical regions in light of studies based on NIBS. The review then moves on to discuss the studies that have demonstrated the role of M1 in higher cognitive processes such as attention, motor learning, motor consolidation, movement inhibition, somatomotor response, and movement imagery. Overall, the purpose of the review is to highlight the additional role of M1 in motor cognition besides motor control, which remains unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajan Kashyap
- Center for Research and Development in Learning (CRADLE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Turki Abualait
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shen-Hsing Annabel Chen
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKC Medicine), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Office of Educational Research, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Woo-Kyoung Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.,Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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59
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Saarinen T, Kujala J, Laaksonen H, Jalava A, Salmelin R. Task-Modulated Corticocortical Synchrony in the Cognitive-Motor Network Supporting Handwriting. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:1871-1886. [PMID: 31670795 PMCID: PMC7132916 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Both motor and cognitive aspects of behavior depend on dynamic, accurately timed neural processes in large-scale brain networks. Here, we studied synchronous interplay between cortical regions during production of cognitive-motor sequences in humans. Specifically, variants of handwriting that differed in motor variability, linguistic content, and memorization of movement cues were contrasted to unveil functional sensitivity of corticocortical connections. Data-driven magnetoencephalography mapping (n = 10) uncovered modulation of mostly left-hemispheric corticocortical interactions, as quantified by relative changes in phase synchronization. At low frequencies (~2–13 Hz), enhanced frontoparietal synchrony was related to regular handwriting, whereas premotor cortical regions synchronized for simple loop production and temporo-occipital areas for a writing task substituting normal script with loop patterns. At the beta-to-gamma band (~13–45 Hz), enhanced synchrony was observed for regular handwriting in the central and frontoparietal regions, including connections between the sensorimotor and supplementary motor cortices and between the parietal and dorsal premotor/precentral cortices. Interpreted within a modular framework, these modulations of synchrony mainly highlighted interactions of the putative pericentral subsystem of hand coordination and the frontoparietal subsystem mediating working memory operations. As part of cortical dynamics, interregional phase synchrony varies depending on task demands in production of cognitive-motor sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Saarinen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
- Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, FI-00076 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
- Address correspondence to Timo Saarinen, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 12200, FI-00076 AALTO, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Jan Kujala
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Hannu Laaksonen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
- Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, FI-00076 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Antti Jalava
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Riitta Salmelin
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
- Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University, FI-00076 AALTO, Espoo, Finland
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Modroño C, Socas R, Hernández-Martín E, Plata-Bello J, Marcano F, Pérez-González JM, González-Mora JL. Neurofunctional correlates of eye to hand motor transfer. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:2656-2668. [PMID: 32166833 PMCID: PMC7294058 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigates the transfer of motor learning from the eye to the hand and its neural correlates by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a sensorimotor task consisting of the continuous tracking of a virtual target. In pretraining evaluation, all the participants (experimental and control group) performed the tracking task inside an MRI scanner using their right hand and a joystick. After which, the experimental group practiced an eye-controlled version of the task for 5 days using an eye tracking system outside the MRI environment. Post-training evaluation was done 1 week after the first scanning session, where all the participants were scanned again while repeating the manual pretraining task. Behavioral results show that the training in the eye-controlled task produced a better performance not only in the eye-controlled modality (motor learning) but also in the hand-controlled modality (motor transfer). Neural results indicate that eye to hand motor transfer is supported by the motor cortex, the basal ganglia and the cerebellum, which is consistent with previous research focused on other effectors. These results may be of interest in neurorehabilitation to activate the motor systems and help in the recovery of motor functions in stroke or movement disorder patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián Modroño
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas (Unidad Departamental de Fisiología), Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain
| | - Rosario Socas
- Servicio de Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain
| | - Estefanía Hernández-Martín
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas (Unidad Departamental de Fisiología), Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain
| | - Julio Plata-Bello
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas (Unidad Departamental de Fisiología), Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain.,Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain
| | - Francisco Marcano
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas (Unidad Departamental de Fisiología), Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain
| | | | - José L González-Mora
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas (Unidad Departamental de Fisiología), Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia, San Cristóbal de La Laguna (S/C de Tenerife), Spain
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Jeon S, Lee YJ, Park I, Kim N, Kim S, Jun JY, Yoo SY, Lee SH, Kim SJ. Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Thalamus in North Korean Refugees with and without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3194. [PMID: 32081883 PMCID: PMC7035375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59815-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), functional connectivity (FC) between the thalamus and other brain areas has yet to be comprehensively investigated. The present study explored resting state FC (rsFC) of thalamus and its associations with trauma-related features. The included subjects were North Korean refugees with PTSD (n = 23), trauma-exposed North Korean refugees without PTSD (trauma-exposed control [TEC] group, n = 22), and South Korean healthy controls (HCs) without traumatic experiences (HC group, n = 40). All participants underwent psychiatric evaluation and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) procedures using the bilateral thalamus as seeds. In the TEC group, the negative rsFC between each thalamus and its contralateral postcentral cortex was stronger relative to the PTSD and HC groups, while positive rsFC between the left thalamus and left precentral cortex was stronger in the HC group compared to the PTSD and TEC groups. Thalamo-postcentral rsFC was positively correlated with the CAPS total score in the TEC group, and with the number of traumatic experiences in the PTSD group. The present study identified the difference of thalamic rsFC alterations among traumatized refugees and HCs. Negative rsFC between the thalamus and somatosensory cortices might be compensatory changes after multiple traumatic events in refugees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyun Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyung Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nambeom Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Jun
- National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Yoo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seog Ju Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Jones RG, Briggs RG, Conner AK, Bonney PA, Fletcher LR, Ahsan SA, Chakraborty AR, Nix CE, Jacobs CC, Lack AM, Griffin DT, Teo C, Sughrue ME. Measuring graphical strength within the connectome: A neuroanatomic, parcellation-based study. J Neurol Sci 2020; 408:116529. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.116529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Rech F, Herbet G, Gaudeau Y, Mézières S, Moureau JM, Moritz-Gasser S, Duffau H. A probabilistic map of negative motor areas of the upper limb and face: a brain stimulation study. Brain 2019; 142:952-965. [PMID: 30753319 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative motor responses (NMRs) are defined as movement arrests induced by direct electrical stimulation of the brain. The NMRs manifest themselves after the disruption of a corticosubcortical network involved in motor control, referred to as the 'negative motor network'. At present, the spatial topography of the negative motor areas (NMAs) is poorly known. Hence, the objectives of the present study were to establish the first probabilistic map of the NMAs of the upper limbs and face, identify potential subareas, and investigate the NMAs' relationships with the primary motor cortex. A total of 117 patients with low grade glioma underwent awake surgery with direct electrostimulation. The Montreal Neurological Institute coordinates of sites eliciting NMRs (face and upper limbs) were registered. A probabilistic map was created, and subareas were identified in a cluster analysis. Each cluster was then plotted on the Glasser atlas and the 1200 Subjects Group Average Data from the Human Connectome Project, in order to study connectivity and compare the results with recent parcellation data. We elicited 386 NMRs (mean ± standard deviation current intensity: 2.26 ± 0.5 mA) distributed throughout the precentral gyrus in both hemispheres. In each hemisphere, we found two clusters for facial NMRs. For upper limb NMRs, we found two clusters in the right hemisphere; and three in the left. Each cluster overlapped with parcellations from the Glasser atlas. For the face, the NMAs were associated with areas 55b and 6v. For the upper limbs, the NMAs were linked to areas 6v, 6d, and 55b. Each NMA cluster showed a specific pattern of functionally connected areas, such as the inferior frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, parietal areas, and posterior superior temporal gyrus. The white matter pathways projecting to these subareas involved the frontal aslant tract and the frontostriatal tract-both of which are well known to be associated with NMRs. This study constitutes the largest series to date of NMRs mapped to the lateral surface of both hemispheres. Rather than being randomly distributed, the NMAs appeared to be well structured and corresponded to parcellations identified by functional neuroimaging. Moreover, the white matter pathways known to drive NMRs are also connected to regions encompassing NMAs. Taken as a whole, our results suggest that NMAs belong to a large-scale modulatory motor network. Our new probabilistic map might constitute a valuable tool for use in further clinical and fundamental studies of motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Rech
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital, CHRU Nancy, 29 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, F-54000 Nancy, France.,'Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumours' group, INSERM U1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, F-34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Herbet
- 'Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumours' group, INSERM U1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, F-34295 Montpellier, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, F-34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Yann Gaudeau
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, UMR 7039, Faculté de médecine, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 30 rue Maire Andre Traband, F-67500 Haguenau, France
| | - Sophie Mézières
- Université de Lorraine, I.E.C.L., INRIA-BIGS, CNRS UMR 7502, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Marie Moureau
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, UMR 7039, Faculté de médecine, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, UMR 7039, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Sylvie Moritz-Gasser
- 'Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumours' group, INSERM U1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, F-34295 Montpellier, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, F-34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- 'Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumours' group, INSERM U1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, F-34295 Montpellier, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, F-34295 Montpellier, France
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64
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Wang J, Meng HJ, Ji GJ, Jing Y, Wang HX, Deng XP, Feng ZJ, Zhao N, Zang YF, Zhang J. Finger Tapping Task Activation vs. TMS Hotspot: Different Locations and Networks. Brain Topogr 2019; 33:123-134. [PMID: 31691912 PMCID: PMC6943404 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-019-00741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Both functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have been used to non-invasively localize the human motor functional area. These locations can be clinically used as stimulation target of TMS treatment. However, it has been reported that the finger tapping fMRI activation and TMS hotspot were not well-overlapped. The aim of the current study was to measure the distance between the finger tapping fMRI activation and the TMS hotspot, and more importantly, to compare the network difference by using resting-state fMRI. Thirty healthy participants underwent resting-state fMRI, task fMRI, and then TMS hotspot localization. We found significant difference of locations between finger tapping fMRI activation and TMS hotspot. Specifically, the finger tapping fMRI activation was more lateral than the TMS hotspot in the premotor area. The fMRI activation peak and TMS hotspot were taken as seeds for resting-state functional connectivity analyses. Compared with TMS hotspot, finger tapping fMRI activation peak showed more intensive functional connectivity with, e.g., the bilateral premotor, insula, putamen, and right globus pallidus. The findings more intensive networks of finger tapping activation than TMS hotspot suggest that TMS treatment targeting on the fMRI activation area might result in more remote effects and would be more helpful for TMS treatment on movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hai-Jiang Meng
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Gong-Jun Ji
- Department of Medical Psychology, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorder and Mental Health, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Jing
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Hong-Xiao Wang
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Xin-Ping Deng
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Zi-Jian Feng
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China.,Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yu-Feng Zang
- Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China. .,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, 311121, China. .,Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Baker CM, Burks JD, Briggs RG, Sheets JR, Conner AK, Glenn CA, Sali G, McCoy TM, Battiste JD, O'Donoghue DL, Sughrue ME. A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum-Chapter 3: The Motor, Premotor, and Sensory Cortices. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2019; 15:S75-S121. [PMID: 30260446 DOI: 10.1093/ons/opy256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this supplement, we build on work previously published under the Human Connectome Project. Specifically, we show a comprehensive anatomic atlas of the human cerebrum demonstrating all 180 distinct regions comprising the cerebral cortex. The location, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity of these regions are outlined, and where possible a discussion is included of the functional significance of these areas. In part 3, we specifically address regions relevant to the sensorimotor cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordell M Baker
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Joshua D Burks
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Robert G Briggs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - John R Sheets
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andrew K Conner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Chad A Glenn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Goksel Sali
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Tressie M McCoy
- De-partment of Physical Therapy, Uni-versity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - James D Battiste
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Daniel L O'Donoghue
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Michael E Sughrue
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,De-partment of Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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66
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Baker CM, Burks JD, Briggs RG, Conner AK, Glenn CA, Morgan JP, Stafford J, Sali G, McCoy TM, Battiste JD, O'Donoghue DL, Sughrue ME. A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum-Chapter 2: The Lateral Frontal Lobe. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2019; 15:S10-S74. [PMID: 30260426 DOI: 10.1093/ons/opy254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this supplement, we show a comprehensive anatomic atlas of the human cerebrum demonstrating all 180 distinct regions comprising the cerebral cortex. The location, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity of these regions are outlined, and where possible a discussion is included of the functional significance of these areas. In part 2, we specifically address regions relevant to the lateral frontal lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordell M Baker
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Joshua D Burks
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Robert G Briggs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andrew K Conner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Chad A Glenn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jake P Morgan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jordan Stafford
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Goksel Sali
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Tressie M McCoy
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Ok-lahoma Health Sciences Center, Okla-homa City, Oklahoma
| | - James D Battiste
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Daniel L O'Donoghue
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Michael E Sughrue
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,De-partment of Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Friedrich J, Beste C. Passive perceptual learning modulates motor inhibitory control in superior frontal regions. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 41:726-738. [PMID: 31652018 PMCID: PMC7267975 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition is of vital importance in the context of controlling inappropriate responses. The role of perceptual processes during inhibitory control has attracted increased interest. Yet, we are far from an understanding of the mechanisms. One candidate mechanism by which perceptual processes may affect response inhibition refers to “gain control” that is closely linked to the signal‐to‐noise ratio of incoming information. A means to modulate the signal‐to‐noise ratio and gain control mechanisms is perceptual learning. In the current study, we examine the impact of perceptual learning (i.e., passive repetitive sensory stimulation) on response inhibition combining EEG signal decomposition with source localization analyses. A tactile GO/NOGO paradigm was conducted to measure action restraint as one subcomponent of response inhibition. We show that passive perceptual learning modulates response inhibition processes. In particular, perceptual learning attenuates the detrimental effect of response automation during inhibitory control. Temporally decomposed EEG data show that stimulus‐related and not response selection processes during conflict monitoring are linked to these effects. The superior and middle frontal gyrus (BA6), as well as the motor cortex (BA4), are associated with the effects of perceptual learning on response inhibition. Reliable neurophysiological effects were not evident on the basis of standard ERPs, which has important methodological implications for perceptual learning research. The results detail how lower level sensory plasticity protocols affect higher‐order cognitive control functions in frontal cortical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Friedrich
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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68
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Komaitis S, Kalyvas AV, Skandalakis GP, Drosos E, Lani E, Liouta E, Liakos F, Kalamatianos T, Piagkou M, Emelifeonwu JA, Stranjalis G, Koutsarnakis C. The frontal longitudinal system as revealed through the fiber microdissection technique: structural evidence underpinning the direct connectivity of the prefrontal-premotor circuitry. J Neurosurg 2019; 133:1503-1515. [PMID: 31585424 DOI: 10.3171/2019.6.jns191224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology, connectivity, and correlative anatomy of the longitudinal group of fibers residing in the frontal area, which resemble the anterior extension of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and were previously described as the frontal longitudinal system (FLS). METHODS Fifteen normal adult formalin-fixed cerebral hemispheres collected from cadavers were studied using the Klingler microdissection technique. Lateral to medial dissections were performed in a stepwise fashion starting from the frontal area and extending to the temporoparietal regions. RESULTS The FLS was consistently identified as a fiber pathway residing just under the superficial U-fibers of the middle frontal gyrus or middle frontal sulcus (when present) and extending as far as the frontal pole. The authors were able to record two different configurations: one consisting of two distinct, parallel, longitudinal fiber chains (13% of cases), and the other consisting of a single stem of fibers (87% of cases). The fiber chains' cortical terminations in the frontal and prefrontal area were also traced. More specifically, the FLS was always recorded to terminate in Brodmann areas 6, 46, 45, and 10 (premotor cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, pars triangularis, and frontal pole, respectively), whereas terminations in Brodmann areas 4 (primary motor cortex), 47 (pars orbitalis), and 9 were also encountered in some specimens. In relation to the SLF system, the FLS represented its anterior continuation in the majority of the hemispheres, whereas in a few cases it was recorded as a completely distinct tract. Interestingly, the FLS comprised shorter fibers that were recorded to interconnect exclusively frontal areas, thus exhibiting different fiber architecture when compared to the long fibers forming the SLF. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides consistent, focused, and robust evidence on the morphology, architecture, and correlative anatomy of the FLS. This fiber system participates in the axonal connectivity of the prefrontal-premotor cortices and allegedly subserves cognitive-motor functions. Based in the SLF hypersegmentation concept that has been advocated by previous authors, the FLS should be approached as a distinct frontal segment within the superior longitudinal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Komaitis
- 1Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- 3Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristotelis V Kalyvas
- 1Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- 3Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios P Skandalakis
- 1Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens
- 3Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Drosos
- 1Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Evgenia Lani
- 1Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens
- 3Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Liouta
- 6Hellenic Center for Neurosurgical Research, "Petros Kokkalis," Athens, Greece
| | - Faidon Liakos
- 1Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens
| | | | - Maria Piagkou
- 3Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - John A Emelifeonwu
- 4Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh
- 5Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Edinburgh Microneurosurgery Education Laboratory, Edinburgh, UK; and
| | - George Stranjalis
- 1Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- 6Hellenic Center for Neurosurgical Research, "Petros Kokkalis," Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Koutsarnakis
- 1Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
- 3Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
- 5Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Edinburgh Microneurosurgery Education Laboratory, Edinburgh, UK; and
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69
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Allan PG, Briggs RG, Conner AK, O'Neal CM, Bonney PA, Maxwell BD, Baker CM, Burks JD, Sali G, Glenn CA, Sughrue ME. Parcellation-based tractographic modeling of the dorsal attention network. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01365. [PMID: 31536682 PMCID: PMC6790316 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The dorsal attention network (DAN) is an important mediator of goal-directed attentional processing. Multiple cortical areas, such as the frontal eye fields, intraparietal sulcus, superior parietal lobule, and visual cortex, have been linked in this processing. However, knowledge of network connectivity has been devoid of structural specificity. METHODS Using attention-related task-based fMRI studies, an anatomic likelihood estimation (ALE) of the DAN was generated. Regions of interest corresponding to the cortical parcellation scheme previously published under the Human Connectome Project were co-registered onto the ALE in MNI coordinate space and visually assessed for inclusion in the network. DSI-based fiber tractography was performed to determine the structural connections between relevant cortical areas comprising the network. RESULTS Twelve cortical regions were found to be part of the DAN: 6a, 7AM, 7PC, AIP, FEF, LIPd, LIPv, MST, MT, PH, V4t, VIP. All regions demonstrated consistent u-shaped interconnections between adjacent parcellations. The superior longitudinal fasciculus connects the frontal, parietal, and occipital areas of the network. CONCLUSIONS We present a tractographic model of the DAN. This model comprises parcellations within the frontal, parietal, and occipital cortices principally linked through the superior longitudinal fasciculus. Future studies may refine this model with the ultimate goal of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker G Allan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Robert G Briggs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andrew K Conner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Christen M O'Neal
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Phillip A Bonney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Miami, Florida
| | - Brian D Maxwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Cordell M Baker
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Joshua D Burks
- Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Miller School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Goksel Sali
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Chad A Glenn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Michael E Sughrue
- Center for Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Hill VB, Cankurtaran CZ, Liu BP, Hijaz TA, Naidich M, Nemeth AJ, Gastala J, Krumpelman C, McComb EN, Korutz AW. A Practical Review of Functional MRI Anatomy of the Language and Motor Systems. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1084-1090. [PMID: 31196862 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Functional MR imaging is being performed with increasing frequency in the typical neuroradiology practice; however, many readers of these studies have only a limited knowledge of the functional anatomy of the brain. This text will delineate the locations, anatomic boundaries, and functions of the cortical regions of the brain most commonly encountered in clinical practice-specifically, the regions involved in movement and language.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Hill
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.)
| | - C Z Cankurtaran
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.)
| | - B P Liu
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.).,Radiation Oncology (B.P.L.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - T A Hijaz
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.)
| | - M Naidich
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.)
| | - A J Nemeth
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.).,Neurology (A.J.N.)
| | - J Gastala
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.)
| | - C Krumpelman
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.)
| | - E N McComb
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.)
| | - A W Korutz
- From the Departments of Radiology (V.B.H., C.Z.C., B.P.L., T.A.H., M.N., A.J.N., J.G., C.K., E.N.M., A.W.K.)
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71
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Mehren A, Diaz Luque C, Brandes M, Lam AP, Thiel CM, Philipsen A, Özyurt J. Intensity-Dependent Effects of Acute Exercise on Executive Function. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:8608317. [PMID: 31281346 PMCID: PMC6589258 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8608317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies suggest beneficial effects of aerobic exercise at moderate intensity on cognition, while the effects of high-intensity exercise are less clear. This study investigated the acute effects of exercise at moderate and high intensities on executive functions in healthy adults, including functional MRI to examine the underlying neural mechanisms. Furthermore, the association between exercise effects and cardiorespiratory fitness was examined. 64 participants performed in two executive function tasks (flanker and Go/No-go tasks), while functional MR images were collected, following two conditions: in the exercise condition, they cycled on an ergometer at either moderate or high intensity (each n = 32); in the control condition, they watched a movie. Differences in behavioral performance and brain activation between the two conditions were compared between groups. Further, correlations between cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise effects on neural and behavioral correlates of executive performance were calculated. Moderate exercise compared to high-intensity exercise was associated with a tendency towards improved behavioral performance (sensitivity index d') in the Go/No-go task and increased brain activation during hit trials in areas related to executive function, attention, and motor processes (insula, superior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and supplementary motor area). Exercise at high intensity was associated with decreased brain activation in those areas and no changes in behavioral performance. Exercise had no effect on brain activation in the flanker task, but an explorative analysis revealed that reaction times improved after high-intensity exercise. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was correlated with increased brain activation after moderate exercise and decreased brain activation after high-intensity exercise. These data show that exercise at moderate vs. high intensity has different effects on executive task performance and related brain activation changes as measured by fMRI and that cardiorespiratory fitness might be a moderating factor of acute exercise effects. Thus, our results may contribute to further clarify the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Mehren
- Biological Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital Karl-Jaspers-Klinik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Cecilia Diaz Luque
- Biological Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Mirko Brandes
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS GmbH, Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Unit Applied Health Intervention Research, Bremen, Germany
| | - Alexandra P. Lam
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane M. Thiel
- Biological Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Hearing4all”, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jale Özyurt
- Biological Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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72
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Changes of functional connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex in women with primary dysmenorrhea. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 12:710-717. [PMID: 28516336 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9730-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM), a common gynecological disorder, is associated with structural and functional alterations in several subregions of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). However, systematic functional connectivity of the ACC subregions in PDM has not been clarified. In this study, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from forty-eight PDM patients and thirty-eight matched female healthy controls to investigate the functional connectivity of ACC subregions in PDM. Compared to healthy controls, PDM patients exhibited increased connectivity between the caudal ACC (cACC) and primary somatosensory cortex (SI), between the perigenual ACC (pACC) and caudate, and between the subgenual ACC (sACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). PDM patients also showed decreased connectivity between the pACC and precuneus. In PDM group, the connectivity of the right pACC-right caudate positively correlated with disease duration, and the connectivity of the left pACC-left precuneus negatively correlated with disease severity. These present findings reveal that abnormal ACC connectivity may be implicated in the PDM-related disturbances in pain sensory, modulation, and affection. We hope that our study could enhance the understanding of the pathophysiology underlying PDM.
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73
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Ferrazzano G, Conte A, Belvisi D, Fabbrini A, Baione V, Berardelli A, Fabbrini G. Writing, reading, and speaking in blepharospasm. J Neurol 2019; 266:1136-1140. [PMID: 30783748 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09243-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of writing, reading, and speaking on orbiculari oculi (OO) muscle spasms and on the blink rate in patients with blepharospasm (BSP). Patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) and healthy subjects (HS) acted as control subjects. Thirty patients with BSP, 20 patients with primary HFS and 20 age-matched healthy subjects were videotaped according to a standardized procedure: at rest with eyes open; while writing a standard sentence on paper; while writing a standard sentence on a blackboard keeping the head straight; during a conversation based on a simple topic (speaking task); and while reading a standard text aloud. Two independent movement disorders specialists reviewed the videotapes and measured the number of OO spasms and blinks in each segment. Writing and reading reduced the number of OO spasms in BSP patients, whereas speaking did not. On the other hand, writing, reading, and speaking did not modify spasms in HFS patients. These tasks modulated the blink rate in all the three groups of subjects (BSP, HFS, and HS). Our hypothesis is that the modulation of OO spasm in BSP during writing and reading depends on influences coming from occipital areas onto the brainstem circuits. Whether cognitive training with reading and writing may be used to improve OO muscle spasms is an issue that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Conte
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell' Università 30, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Fabbrini
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell' Università 30, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Viola Baione
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell' Università 30, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.,Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell' Università 30, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fabbrini
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy. .,Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell' Università 30, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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74
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Akeret K, Serra C, Rafi O, Staartjes VE, Fierstra J, Bellut D, Maldaner N, Imbach LL, Wolpert F, Poryazova R, Regli L, Krayenbühl N. Anatomical features of primary brain tumors affect seizure risk and semiology. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 22:101688. [PMID: 30710869 PMCID: PMC6354289 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective An epileptic seizure is the most common clinical manifestation of a primary brain tumor. Due to modern neuroimaging, detailed anatomical information on a brain tumor is available early in the diagnostic process and therefore carries considerable potential in clinical decision making. The goal of this study was to gain a better understanding of the relevance of anatomical tumor characteristics on seizure prevalence and semiology. Methods We reviewed prospectively collected clinical and imaging data of all patients operated on a supratentorial intraparenchymal primary brain tumor at our department between January 2009 and December 2016. The effect of tumor histology, anatomical location and white matter infiltration on seizure prevalence and semiology were assessed using uni- and multivariate analyses. Results Of 678 included patients, 311 (45.9%) presented with epileptic seizures. Tumor location within the central lobe was associated with higher seizure prevalence (OR 4.67, 95% CI: 1.90–13.3, p = .002), especially within the precentral gyrus or paracentral lobule (100%). Bilateral extension, location within subcortical structures and invasion of deeper white matter sectors were associated with a lower risk (OR 0.45, 95% CI: 0.25–0.78; OR 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.21 and OR 0.39, 95% CI: 0.14–0.96, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed the impact of a location within the central lobe on seizure risk to be highly significant and more relevant than histopathology (OR: 4.79, 95% CI: 1.82–14.52, p = .003). Seizures due to tumors within the central lobe differed from those of other locations by lower risk of secondary generalization (p < .001). Conclusions Topographical lobar and gyral location, as well as extent of white matter infiltration impact seizure risk and semiology. This finding may have a high therapeutic potential, for example regarding the use of prophylactic antiepileptic therapy. Brain tumor location affects seizure prevalence and semiology. Central lobe location is the strongest independent pro-epileptogenic factor. The precentral gyrus and paracentral lobule are most epileptogenic. Central lobe tumors rarely cause bilateral tonic-clonic seizures. Tumor location and white matter infiltration may guide antiepileptic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Akeret
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Carlo Serra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Omar Rafi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victor E Staartjes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jorn Fierstra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Bellut
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolai Maldaner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas L Imbach
- Division of Epileptology, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Wolpert
- Division of Epileptology, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rositsa Poryazova
- Division of Epileptology, Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Regli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus Krayenbühl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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75
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Brandes-Aitken A, Anguera JA, Chang YS, Demopoulos C, Owen JP, Gazzaley A, Mukherjee P, Marco EJ. White Matter Microstructure Associations of Cognitive and Visuomotor Control in Children: A Sensory Processing Perspective. Front Integr Neurosci 2019; 12:65. [PMID: 30692921 PMCID: PMC6339953 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2018.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recent evidence suggests that co-occurring deficits in cognitive control and visuomotor control are common to many neurodevelopmental disorders. Specifically, children with sensory processing dysfunction (SPD), a condition characterized by sensory hyper/hypo-sensitivity, show varying degrees of overlapping attention and visuomotor challenges. In this study, we assess associations between cognitive and visuomotor control abilities among children with and without SPD. In this same context, we also examined the common and unique diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tracts that may support the overlap of cognitive control and visuomotor control. Method: We collected cognitive control and visuomotor control behavioral measures as well as DTI data in 37 children with SPD and 25 typically developing controls (TDCs). We constructed regressions to assess for associations between behavioral performance and mean fractional anisotropy (FA) in selected regions of interest (ROIs). Results: We observed an association between behavioral performance on cognitive control and visuomotor control. Further, our findings indicated that FA in the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC), the anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), and the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) are associated with both cognitive control and visuomotor control, while FA in the superior corona radiata (SCR) uniquely correlate with cognitive control performance and FA in the posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC) and the cerebral peduncle (CP) tract uniquely correlate with visuomotor control performance. Conclusions: These findings suggest that children who demonstrate lower cognitive control are also more likely to demonstrate lower visuomotor control, and vice-versa, regardless of clinical cohort assignment. The overlapping neural tracts, which correlate with both cognitive and visuomotor control suggest a possible common neural mechanism supporting both control-based processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Brandes-Aitken
- Neuroscape Center, Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Physiology, Radiology, and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Joaquin A Anguera
- Neuroscape Center, Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Physiology, Radiology, and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yi-Shin Chang
- Neuroscape Center, Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Physiology, Radiology, and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Carly Demopoulos
- Neuroscape Center, Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Physiology, Radiology, and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Julia P Owen
- Neuroscape Center, Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Physiology, Radiology, and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Adam Gazzaley
- Neuroscape Center, Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Physiology, Radiology, and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Pratik Mukherjee
- Neuroscape Center, Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Physiology, Radiology, and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Elysa J Marco
- Neuroscape Center, Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Physiology, Radiology, and Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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76
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Waugh JL, Kuster JK, Makhlouf ML, Levenstein JM, Multhaupt-Buell TJ, Warfield SK, Sharma N, Blood AJ. A registration method for improving quantitative assessment in probabilistic diffusion tractography. Neuroimage 2019; 189:288-306. [PMID: 30611874 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffusion MRI-based probabilistic tractography is a powerful tool for non-invasively investigating normal brain architecture and alterations in structural connectivity associated with disease states. Both voxelwise and region-of-interest methods of analysis are capable of integrating population differences in tract amplitude (streamline count or density), given proper alignment of the tracts of interest. However, quantification of tract differences (between groups, or longitudinally within individuals) has been hampered by two related features of white matter. First, it is unknown to what extent healthy individuals differ in the precise location of white matter tracts, and to what extent experimental factors influence perceived tract location. Second, white matter lacks the gross neuroanatomical features (e.g., gyri, histological subtyping) that make parcellation of grey matter plausible - determining where tracts "should" lie within larger white matter structures is difficult. Accurately quantifying tractographic connectivity between individuals is thus inherently linked to the difficulty of identifying and aligning precise tract location. Tractography is often utilized to study neurological diseases in which the precise structural and connectivity abnormalities are unknown, underscoring the importance of accounting for individual differences in tract location when evaluating the strength of structural connectivity. We set out to quantify spatial variance in tracts aligned through a standard, whole-brain registration method, and to assess the impact of location mismatch on groupwise assessments of tract amplitude. We then developed a method for tract alignment that enhances the existing standard whole brain registration, and then tested whether this method improved the reliability of groupwise contrasts. Specifically, we conducted seed-based probabilistic diffusion tractography from primary motor, supplementary motor, and visual cortices, projecting through the corpus callosum. Streamline counts decreased rapidly with movement from the tract center (-35% per millimeter); tract misalignment of a few millimeters caused substantial compromise of amplitude comparisons. Alignment of tracts "peak-to-peak" is essential for accurate amplitude comparisons. However, for all transcallosal tracts registered through the whole-brain method, the mean separation distance between an individual subject's tract and the average tract (3.2 mm) precluded accurate comparison: at this separation, tract amplitudes were reduced by 74% from peak value. In contrast, alignment of subcortical tracts (thalamo-putaminal, pallido-rubral) was substantially better than alignment for cortical tracts; whole-brain registration was sufficient for these subcortical tracts. We demonstrated that location mismatches in cortical tractography were sufficient to produce false positive and false negative amplitude estimates in both groupwise and longitudinal comparisons. We then showed that our new tract alignment method substantially reduced location mismatch and improved both reliability and statistical power of subsequent quantitative comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Waugh
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States; Dept. of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Child Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH, Charlestown, MA, United States.
| | - J K Kuster
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States; Dept. Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH, Charlestown, MA, United States.
| | - M L Makhlouf
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States; Dept. Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard-MIT HST Program, United States; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH, Charlestown, MA, United States.
| | - J M Levenstein
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States; Dept. Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH, Charlestown, MA, United States.
| | - T J Multhaupt-Buell
- Dept. of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - S K Warfield
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - N Sharma
- Dept. of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - A J Blood
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States; Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States; Dept. Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH, Charlestown, MA, United States.
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77
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Alkharan A, Almasoud AS, Alkahtani LS, Bashir S. Effect of Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the Motor Cortex for Cognition. BRAIN & NEUROREHABILITATION 2019. [DOI: 10.12786/bn.2019.12.e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Alkharan
- Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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78
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Mehren A, Özyurt J, Lam AP, Brandes M, Müller HHO, Thiel CM, Philipsen A. Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Executive Function and Attention in Adult Patients With ADHD. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:132. [PMID: 30971959 PMCID: PMC6443849 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise can improve cognitive functions in healthy individuals and in various clinical groups, which might be particularly relevant for patients with ADHD. This study investigated the effects of a single bout of aerobic exercise on attention and executive functions in adult patients with ADHD, including functional MRI to examine the underlying neural mechanisms. On two different days, 23 adult patients with ADHD and 23 matched healthy controls performed in a flanker task, while functional MR images were collected, following 30 min of continuous stationary cycling with moderate intensity as well as after a control condition (watching a movie). Behavioral performance and brain activation were tested for differences between groups and conditions and for interactions to investigate whether exercise improves executive function to a greater extent in patients compared to healthy controls. Exercise significantly improved reaction times in congruent and incongruent trials of the flanker task in patients with ADHD but not in healthy controls. We found no changes in brain activation between the two conditions for either group. However, a subgroup analysis of ADHD patients with a higher degree of cardiorespiratory fitness revealed decreased activation in premotor areas during congruent trials and in premotor and medial frontal cortex during incongruent trials in the exercise compared to the control condition. Our results indicate exercise-induced improvements in attention and processing speed in patients with ADHD, demonstrating that adult patients with ADHD may benefit from an acute bout of exercise. These findings could be of high relevance for developing alternative treatment approaches for ADHD. In addition, results of the current study contribute to elucidate the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on cognition and to better understand the role of cardiorespiratory fitness on these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Mehren
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Karl-Jaspers-Klinik, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Biological Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jale Özyurt
- Biological Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra P Lam
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mirko Brandes
- Unit Applied Health Intervention Research, Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS GmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Helge H O Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christiane M Thiel
- Biological Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Research Center Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all," University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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79
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Walther S, Bernard JA, Mittal VA, Shankman SA. The utility of an RDoC motor domain to understand psychomotor symptoms in depression. Psychol Med 2019; 49:212-216. [PMID: 30322416 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718003033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the clinical impact of motor symptoms such as agitation or retardation on the course of depression, these symptoms are poorly understood. Novel developments in the field of instrumentation and mobile devices allow for dimensional and continuous recording of motor behavior in various settings, particularly outside the laboratory. Likewise, the use of novel assessments enables to combine multimodal neuroimaging with behavioral measures in order to investigate the neural correlates of motor dysfunction in depression. The research domain criteria (RDoC) framework will soon include a motor domain that will provide a framework for studying motor dysfunction in mood disorders. In addition, new studies within this framework will allow investigators to study motor symptoms across different stages of depression as well as other psychiatric diagnoses. Finally, the introduction of the RDoC motor domain will help test how motor symptoms integrate with the original five RDoC domains (negative valence, positive valence, cognitive, social processes, and arousal/regulation).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern,Bern,Switzerland
| | - J A Bernard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences,Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A & M University,College Station, TX,USA
| | - V A Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry,Northwestern University,Evanston, IL,USA
| | - S A Shankman
- Department of Psychiatry,Northwestern University,Evanston, IL,USA
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80
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Ordóñez-Rubiano EG. 3D microsurgical anatomy of the corticospinal tract and the lemniscus tract based on microdissection of fibres and demonstration through tractography. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2018; 30:309-310. [PMID: 30545603 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar G Ordóñez-Rubiano
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital de San José, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
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81
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Explaining the neural activity distribution associated with discrete movement sequences: Evidence for parallel functional systems. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 19:138-153. [PMID: 30406305 PMCID: PMC6344389 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-00651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
To explore the effects of practice we scanned participants with fMRI while they were performing four-key unfamiliar and familiar sequences, and compared the associated activities relative to simple control sequences. On the basis of a recent cognitive model of sequential motor behavior (C-SMB), we propose that the observed neural activity would be associated with three functional networks that can operate in parallel and that allow (a) responding to stimuli in a reaction mode, (b) sequence execution using spatial sequence representations in a central-symbolic mode, and (c) sequence execution using motor chunk representations in a chunking mode. On the basis of this model and findings in the literature, we predicted which neural areas would be active during execution of the unfamiliar and familiar keying sequences. The observed neural activities were largely in line with our predictions, and allowed functions to be attributed to the active brain areas that fit the three above functional systems. The results corroborate C-SMB’s assumption that at advanced skill levels the systems executing motor chunks and translating key-specific stimuli are racing to trigger individual responses. They further support recent behavioral indications that spatial sequence representations continue to be used.
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82
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Anic A, Olsen KN, Thompson WF. Investigating the Role of the Primary Motor Cortex in Musical Creativity: A Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Study. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1758. [PMID: 30327622 PMCID: PMC6174363 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroscientific research has revealed interconnected brain networks implicated in musical creativity, such as the executive control network, the default mode network, and premotor cortices. The present study employed brain stimulation to evaluate the role of the primary motor cortex (M1) in creative and technically fluent jazz piano improvisations. We implemented transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to alter the neural activation patterns of the left hemispheric M1 whilst pianists performed improvisations with their right hand. Two groups of expert jazz pianists (n = 8 per group) performed five improvisations in each of two blocks. In Block 1, they improvised in the absence of brain stimulation. In Block 2, one group received inhibitory tDCS and the second group received excitatory tDCS while performing five new improvisations. Three independent expert-musicians judged the 160 performances on creativity and technical fluency using a 10-point Likert scale. As the M1 is involved in the acquisition and consolidation of motor skills and the control of hand orientation and velocity, we predicted that excitatory tDCS would increase the quality of improvisations relative to inhibitory tDCS. Indeed, improvisations under conditions of excitatory tDCS were rated as significantly more creative than those under conditions of inhibitory tDCS. A music analysis indicated that excitatory tDCS elicited improvisations with greater pitch range and number/variety of notes. Ratings of technical fluency did not differ significantly between tDCS groups. We discuss plausible mechanisms by which the M1 region contributes to musical creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Anic
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Elite Performance, Expertise and Training, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirk N Olsen
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Elite Performance, Expertise and Training, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - William Forde Thompson
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Elite Performance, Expertise and Training, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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83
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Lee J, Choi H, Min K, Lee S, Ahn KH, Jo HJ, Kim IY, Jang DP, Lee KM. Right Hemisphere Lateralization in Neural Connectivity Within Fronto-Parietal Networks in Non-human Primates During a Visual Reaching Task. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:186. [PMID: 30333734 PMCID: PMC6176198 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A fronto-parietal network, comprised of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) has been proposed to be involved in planning and guiding movement. However, the issue of how the network is expressed across the bilateral cortical area according to the effector's side remains unclear. In this study, we tested these questions using electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings in non-human primates and using a simple visual guided reaching task that induced a left or right hand response based on relevant cues provided for the task. The findings indicate that right hemisphere lateralized network patterns in which the right PMd was strongly coordinated with bilateral PPC immediately after presentation of the movement cue occurred, while the coherence with the left PMd was not enhanced. No difference was found in the coherence pattern between the effector's side (left hand or right hand), but the strength of coherence was different, in that animals showed a higher coherence in the right hand response compared to the left. Our data support that right lateralization in long-range phase synchrony in the 10–20 Hz low beta band is involved in motor preparation stage, irrespective of the upcoming effector's side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Hoseok Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Seho Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ha Ahn
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hang Joon Jo
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - In Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Pyo Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Min Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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84
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Langner R, Eickhoff SB, Bilalić M. A network view on brain regions involved in experts' object and pattern recognition: Implications for the neural mechanisms of skilled visual perception. Brain Cogn 2018; 131:74-86. [PMID: 30290974 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Skilled visual object and pattern recognition form the basis of many everyday behaviours. The game of chess has often been used as a model case for studying how long-term experience aides in perceiving objects and their spatio-functional interrelations. Earlier research revealed two brain regions, posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) and collateral sulcus (CoS), to be linked to chess experts' superior object and pattern recognition, respectively. Here we elucidated the brain networks these two expertise-related regions are embedded in, employing resting-state functional connectivity analysis and meta-analytic connectivity modelling with the BrainMap database. pMTG was preferentially connected with dorsal visual stream areas and a parieto-prefrontal network for action planning, while CoS was preferentially connected with posterior medial cortex and hippocampus, linked to scene perception, perspective-taking and navigation. Functional profiling using BrainMap meta-data revealed that pMTG was linked to semantic processing as well as inhibition and attention, while CoS was linked to face and shape perception as well as passive viewing. Our findings suggest that pMTG subserves skilled object recognition by mediating the link between object identity and object affordances, while CoS subserves skilled pattern recognition by linking the position of individual objects with typical spatio-functional layouts of their environment stored in memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Langner
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Merim Bilalić
- Department of Psychology, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Newcastle, England, United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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85
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Bhatt T, Patel P, Dusane S, DelDonno SR, Langenecker SA. Neural Mechanisms Involved in Mental Imagery of Slip-Perturbation While Walking: A Preliminary fMRI Study. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:203. [PMID: 30319366 PMCID: PMC6168704 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Behavioral evidence for cortical involvement in reactive balance control in response to environmental perturbation is established, however, the neural correlates are not known. This study aimed to examine the neural mechanisms involved in reactive balance control for recovery from slip-like perturbations using mental imagery and to evaluate the difference in activation patterns between imagined and observed slipping. Methods: Ten healthy young participants after an exposure to regular walking and slip-perturbation trial on a treadmill, performed mental imagery and observation tasks in the MR scanner. Participants received verbal instructions to imagine walking (IW), observe walking (OW), imagine slipping (IS) and observe slipping (OS) while walking. Results: Analysis using general linear model showed increased activation during IS versus IW condition in precentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, superior, middle and transverse temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, insula, pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus, pons, anterior and posterior cerebellar lobes. During IS versus OS condition, there was additional activation in parahippocampus, cingulate gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, superior temporal, middle and inferior frontal gyrus. Conclusion: The findings of the current study support involvement of higher cortical and subcortical structures in reactive balance control. Greater activation during slipping could be attributed to the complexity of the sensorimotor task and increased demands to maintain postural stability during slipping as compared with regular walking. Furthermore, our findings suggest that mental imagery of slipping recruited greater neural substrates rather than observation of slipping, possibly due to increased sensory, cognitive and perceptual processing demands. New and Noteworthy: The behavioral factors contributing to falls from external perturbations while walking are better understood than neural mechanisms underlying the behavioral response. This study examines the neural activation pattern associated with reactive balance control during slip-like perturbations while walking through an fMRI paradigm. This study identified specific neural mechanisms involved in complex postural movements during sudden perturbations, to particularly determine the role of cortical structures in reactive balance control. It further highlights the specific differences in neural structures involved in regular unperturbed versus perturbed walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Bhatt
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Prakruti Patel
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shamali Dusane
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sophie R. DelDonno
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Scott A. Langenecker
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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86
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Vinci-Booher S, Cheng H, James KH. An Analysis of the Brain Systems Involved with Producing Letters by Hand. J Cogn Neurosci 2018; 31:138-154. [PMID: 30240307 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Complex visual-motor behaviors dominate human-environment interactions. Letter production, writing individual letters by hand, is an example of a complex visual-motor behavior composed of numerous behavioral components, including the required motor movements and the percepts that those motor movements create. By manipulating and isolating components of letter production, we provide experimental evidence that this complex visual-motor behavior is supported by a widespread neural system that is composed of smaller subsystems related to different sensorimotor components. Adult participants hand-printed letters with and without "ink" on an MR-safe digital writing tablet, perceived static and dynamic representations of their own handwritten letters, and perceived typeface letters during fMRI scanning. Our results can be summarized by three main findings: (1) Frontoparietal systems were associated with the motor component of letter production, whereas temporo-parietal systems were more associated with the visual component. (2) The more anterior regions of the left intraparietal sulcus were more associated with the motor component, whereas the more posterior regions were more associated with the visual component, with an area of visual-motor overlap in the posterior intraparietal sulcus. (3) The left posterior intraparietal sulcus and right fusiform gyrus responded similarly to both visual and motor components, and both regions also responded more during the perception of one's own handwritten letters compared with perceiving typed letters. These findings suggest that the neural systems recruited during complex visual-motor behaviors are composed of a set of interrelated sensorimotor subsystems that support the full behavior in different ways and, furthermore, that some of these subsystems can be rerecruited during passive perception in the absence of the full visual-motor behavior.
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87
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Kim P, Dufford AJ, Tribble RC. Cortical thickness variation of the maternal brain in the first 6 months postpartum: associations with parental self-efficacy. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:3267-3277. [PMID: 29855765 PMCID: PMC6358213 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1688-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The postpartum period is associated with structural and functional plasticity in brain regions involved in parenting. While one study identified an increase in gray matter volume during the first 4 months among new mothers, little is known regarding the relationship between cortical thickness across postpartum months and perceived adjustment to parenthood. In this study of 39 socioeconomically diverse first-time new mothers, we examined the relations among postpartum months, cortical thickness, and parental self-efficacy. We identified a positive association between postpartum months and cortical thickness in the prefrontal cortex including the superior frontal gyrus extending into the medial frontal and orbitofrontal gyri, in the lateral occipital gyrus extending into the inferior parietal and fusiform gyri, as well as in the caudal middle frontal and precentral gyri. The relationship between cortical thickness and parental self-efficacy was specific to the prefrontal regions. These findings contribute to our understanding of the maternal brain in the first 6 months postpartum and provide evidence of a relationship between brain structure and perceived adjustment to parenthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilyoung Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO, 80208-3500, USA.
| | - Alexander J Dufford
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO, 80208-3500, USA
| | - Rebekah C Tribble
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 South Race Street, Denver, CO, 80208-3500, USA
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88
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Inuggi A, Bassolino M, Tacchino C, Pippo V, Bergamaschi V, Campus C, De Franchis V, Pozzo T, Moretti P. Ipsilesional functional recruitment within lower mu band in children with unilateral cerebral palsy, an event-related desynchronization study. Exp Brain Res 2017; 236:517-527. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-5149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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89
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Sensitivity to biomechanical limitations during postural decision-making depends on the integrity of posterior superior parietal cortex. Cortex 2017; 97:202-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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90
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Qiao PG, Zuo ZW, Han C, Zhou J, Zhang HT, Duan L, Qian T, Li GJ. Cortical thickness changes in adult moyamoya disease assessed by structural magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Imaging 2017; 46:71-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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91
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Blood AJ, Waugh JL, Münte TF, Heldmann M, Domingo A, Klein C, Breiter HC, Lee LV, Rosales RL, Brüggemann N. Increased insula-putamen connectivity in X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017. [PMID: 29527488 PMCID: PMC5842648 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary evidence from postmortem studies of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) suggests tissue loss may occur first and/or most severely in the striatal striosome compartment, followed later by cell loss in the matrix compartment. However, little is known about how this relates to pathogenesis and pathophysiology. While MRI cannot visualize these striatal compartments directly in humans, differences in relative gradients of afferent cortical connectivity across compartments (weighted toward paralimbic versus sensorimotor cortex, respectively) can be used to infer potential selective loss in vivo. In the current study we evaluated relative connectivity of paralimbic versus sensorimotor cortex with the caudate and putamen in 17 individuals with XDP and 17 matched controls. Although caudate and putamen volumes were reduced in XDP, there were no significant reductions in either “matrix-weighted”, or “striosome-weighted” connectivity. In fact, paralimbic connectivity with the putamen was elevated, rather than reduced, in XDP. This was driven most strongly by elevated putamen connectivity with the anterior insula. There was no relationship of these findings to disease duration or striatal volume, suggesting insula and/or paralimbic connectivity in XDP may develop abnormally and/or increase in the years before symptom onset. Previous work suggested striosomes might degenerate preferentially in early XDP. We developed a DTI tractography method to assess striosome and matrix integrity. Striosomal afferents to putamen were elevated in XDP, despite reduced putamen volume. Connectivity was particularly elevated from the insula (two to three-fold). Striosome connectivity strength was not associated with disease duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne J Blood
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Charlestown, MA, USA; Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics, MGH, Charlestown, MA, USA; Depts. of Neurology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA; Psychiatry, MGH, Boston, MA, USA; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Dept. of Radiology, MGH, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jeff L Waugh
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Charlestown, MA, USA; Depts. of Neurology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Dept. of Radiology, MGH, Charlestown, MA, USA; Division of Child Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas F Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aloysius Domingo
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans C Breiter
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Charlestown, MA, USA; Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics, MGH, Charlestown, MA, USA; Psychiatry, MGH, Boston, MA, USA; Warren Wright Adolescent Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lillian V Lee
- XDP Study Group, Philippine Children's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Raymond L Rosales
- XDP Study Group, Philippine Children's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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92
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Fecchio M, Pigorini A, Comanducci A, Sarasso S, Casarotto S, Premoli I, Derchi CC, Mazza A, Russo S, Resta F, Ferrarelli F, Mariotti M, Ziemann U, Massimini M, Rosanova M. The spectral features of EEG responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex depend on the amplitude of the motor evoked potentials. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184910. [PMID: 28910407 PMCID: PMC5599017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) can excite both cortico-cortical and cortico-spinal axons resulting in TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) and motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), respectively. Despite this remarkable difference with other cortical areas, the influence of motor output and its amplitude on TEPs is largely unknown. Here we studied TEPs resulting from M1 stimulation and assessed whether their waveform and spectral features depend on the MEP amplitude. To this aim, we performed two separate experiments. In experiment 1, single-pulse TMS was applied at the same supra-threshold intensity on primary motor, prefrontal, premotor and parietal cortices and the corresponding TEPs were compared by means of local mean field power and time-frequency spectral analysis. In experiment 2 we stimulated M1 at resting motor threshold in order to elicit MEPs characterized by a wide range of amplitudes. TEPs computed from high-MEP and low-MEP trials were then compared using the same methods applied in experiment 1. In line with previous studies, TMS of M1 produced larger TEPs compared to other cortical stimulations. Notably, we found that only TEPs produced by M1 stimulation were accompanied by a late event-related desynchronization (ERD-peaking at ~300 ms after TMS), whose magnitude was strongly dependent on the amplitude of MEPs. Overall, these results suggest that M1 produces peculiar responses to TMS possibly reflecting specific anatomo-functional properties, such as the re-entry of proprioceptive feedback associated with target muscle activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Fecchio
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pigorini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Comanducci
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Sarasso
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Casarotto
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Premoli
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Chiara-Camilla Derchi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Mazza
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Russo
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Resta
- Division of Radiology, Hospital Luigi Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ferrarelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Maurizio Mariotti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcello Massimini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi Onlus, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Rosanova
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Europea per la Ricerca Biomedica Onlus, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
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93
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Jiao Y, Lin F, Wu J, Li H, Chen X, Li Z, Ma J, Cao Y, Wang S, Zhao J. Brain Arteriovenous Malformations Located in Premotor Cortex: Surgical Outcomes and Risk Factors for Postoperative Neurologic Deficits. World Neurosurg 2017; 105:432-440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.05.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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94
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The Dorsal Frontoparietal Network: A Core System for Emulated Action. Trends Cogn Sci 2017; 21:589-599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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95
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Fregosi M, Contestabile A, Hamadjida A, Rouiller EM. Corticobulbar projections from distinct motor cortical areas to the reticular formation in macaque monkeys. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 45:1379-1395. [PMID: 28394483 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Corticospinal and corticobulbar descending pathways act in parallel with brainstem systems, such as the reticulospinal tract, to ensure the control of voluntary movements via direct or indirect influences onto spinal motoneurons. The aim of this study was to investigate the corticobulbar projections from distinct motor cortical areas onto different nuclei of the reticular formation. Seven adult macaque monkeys were analysed for the location of corticobulbar axonal boutons, and one monkey for reticulospinal neurons' location. The anterograde tracer BDA was injected in the premotor cortex (PM), in the primary motor cortex (M1) or in the supplementary motor area (SMA), in 3, 3 and 1 monkeys respectively. BDA anterograde labelling of corticobulbar axons were analysed on brainstem histological sections and overlapped with adjacent Nissl-stained sections for cytoarchitecture. One adult monkey was analysed for retrograde CB tracer injected in C5-C8 hemispinal cord to visualise reticulospinal neurons. The corticobulbar axons formed bilateral terminal fields with boutons terminaux and en passant, which were quantified in various nuclei belonging to the Ponto-Medullary Reticular Formation (PMRF). The corticobulbar projections from both PM and SMA tended to end mainly ipsilaterally in PMRF, but contralaterally when originating from M1. Furthermore, the corticobulbar projection was less dense when originating from M1 than from non-primary motor areas (PM, SMA). The main nuclei of bouton terminals corresponded to the regions where reticulospinal neurons were located with CB retrograde tracing. In conclusion, the corticobulbar projection differs according to the motor cortical area of origin in density and laterality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Fregosi
- Department of Medecine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Contestabile
- Department of Medecine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Adjia Hamadjida
- Department of Medecine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Eric M Rouiller
- Department of Medecine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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96
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Genon S, Li H, Fan L, Müller VI, Cieslik EC, Hoffstaedter F, Reid AT, Langner R, Grefkes C, Fox PT, Moebus S, Caspers S, Amunts K, Jiang T, Eickhoff SB. The Right Dorsal Premotor Mosaic: Organization, Functions, and Connectivity. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:2095-2110. [PMID: 26965906 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The right dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) of humans has been reported to be involved in a broad range of motor and cognitive functions. We explored the basis of this behavioral heterogeneity by performing a connectivity-based parcellation using meta-analytic approach applied to PMd coactivations. We compared our connectivity-based parcellation results with parcellations obtained through resting-state functional connectivity and probabilistic diffusion tractography. Functional connectivity profiles and behavioral decoding of the resulting PMd subregions allowed characterizing their respective behavior profile. These procedures divided the right PMd into 5 distinct subregions that formed a cognitive-motor gradient along a rostro-caudal axis. In particular, we found 1) a rostral subregion functionally connected with prefrontal cortex, which likely supports high-level cognitive processes, such as working memory, 2) a central subregion showing a mixed behavioral profile and functional connectivity to parietal regions of the dorsal attention network, and 3) a caudal subregion closely integrated with the motor system. Additionally, we found 4) a dorsal subregion, preferentially related to hand movements and connected to both cognitive and motor regions, and 5) a ventral subregion, whose functional profile fits the concept of an eye movement-related field. In conclusion, right PMd may be considered as a functional mosaic formed by 5 subregions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Genon
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hai Li
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation and.,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lingzhong Fan
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation and.,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Veronika I Müller
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Edna C Cieslik
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felix Hoffstaedter
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Andrew T Reid
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Robert Langner
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Grefkes
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Cologne University Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter T Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Centre for Urban Epidemiology (CUE), Universitätsklinikum Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Caspers
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation and.,National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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97
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Abboud R, Noronha C, Diwadkar VA. Motor system dysfunction in the schizophrenia diathesis: Neural systems to neurotransmitters. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [PMID: 28641214 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor control is a ubiquitous aspect of human function, and from its earliest origins, abnormal motor control has been proposed as being central to schizophrenia. The neurobiological architecture of the motor system is well understood in primates and involves cortical and sub-cortical components including the primary motor cortex, supplementary motor area, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, the prefrontal cortex, the basal ganglia, and cerebellum. Notably all of these regions are associated in some manner to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. At the molecular scale, both dopamine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) abnormalities have been associated with working memory dysfunction, but particularly relating to the basal ganglia and the prefrontal cortex respectively. As evidence from multiple scales (behavioral, regional and molecular) converges, here we provide a synthesis of the bio-behavioral relevance of motor dysfunction in schizophrenia, and its consistency across scales. We believe that the selective compendium we provide can supplement calls arguing for renewed interest in studying the motor system in schizophrenia. We believe that in addition to being a highly relevant target for the study of schizophrenia related pathways in the brain, such focus provides tractable behavioral probes for in vivo imaging studies in the illness. Our assessment is that the motor system is a highly valuable research domain for the study of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abboud
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University Lansing, MI, USA
| | - C Noronha
- School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - V A Diwadkar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Suite 5A, Tolan Park Medical Building, 3901 Chrysler Service Drive, 48201 Detroit, MI, USA.
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98
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Kirlic N, Young J, Aupperle RL. Animal to human translational paradigms relevant for approach avoidance conflict decision making. Behav Res Ther 2017; 96:14-29. [PMID: 28495358 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Avoidance behavior in clinical anxiety disorders is often a decision made in response to approach-avoidance conflict, resulting in a sacrifice of potential rewards to avoid potential negative affective consequences. Animal research has a long history of relying on paradigms related to approach-avoidance conflict to model anxiety-relevant behavior. This approach includes punishment-based conflict, exploratory, and social interaction tasks. There has been a recent surge of interest in the translation of paradigms from animal to human, in efforts to increase generalization of findings and support the development of more effective mental health treatments. This article briefly reviews animal tests related to approach-avoidance conflict and results from lesion and pharmacologic studies utilizing these tests. We then provide a description of translational human paradigms that have been developed to tap into related constructs, summarizing behavioral and neuroimaging findings. Similarities and differences in findings from analogous animal and human paradigms are discussed. Lastly, we highlight opportunities for future research and paradigm development that will support the clinical utility of this translational work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namik Kirlic
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, United States.
| | - Jared Young
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, San Diego, CA 92161, United States.
| | - Robin L Aupperle
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, United States; School of Community Medicine, University of Tulsa, 800 S Tucker Dr, Tulsa, OK 74104, United States.
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99
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Lebar N, Danna J, Moré S, Mouchnino L, Blouin J. On the neural basis of sensory weighting: Alpha, beta and gamma modulations during complex movements. Neuroimage 2017; 150:200-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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100
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Langbour N, Michel V, Dilharreguy B, Guehl D, Allard M, Burbaud P. The Cortical Processing of Sensorimotor Sequences is Disrupted in Writer's Cramp. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:2544-2559. [PMID: 27114174 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence for pre-existing abnormalities in the sensory and motor systems has been previously reported in writer's cramp (WC). However, the processing of somatosensory information during motor planning has received little attention. We hypothesized that sensorimotor integration processes might be impaired partly due to a disruption in the parieto-premotor network. To test this assumption, we designed 2 nonwriting motor tasks in which subjects had to perform a 4-finger motor sequence either on the basis of sensory stimuli previously memorized (SM task) or freely generated (SG task). Brain activity was measured by combining event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging and coherency electroencephalography in 15 WC patients and 15 normal controls. The bold signal was decreased in patients in both tasks during sensory stimulation but not during movement execution. However, the EEG study showed that coherency was decreased in patients compared with controls, during the delay of the SM task and during the execution of the SG task, on both the whole network and for specific couples of electrodes. Overall, these results demonstrate an endophenotypic impairment in the synchronization of cortical areas within the parieto-premotor network during somatosensory processing and motor planning in WC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Langbour
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - V Michel
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - B Dilharreguy
- Université de Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33400 Talence, France.,CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - D Guehl
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - M Allard
- Université de Bordeaux, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33400 Talence, France.,CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33400 Talence, France.,Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - P Burbaud
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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