51
|
The prognostic significance of global aberrant alternative splicing in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood Cancer J 2018; 8:78. [PMID: 30104611 PMCID: PMC6089879 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-018-0115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant alternative splicing (AS) is a hallmark of cancer development. However, there are limited data regarding its clinical implications in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In this study, we performed an in-depth analysis of global AS in 176 primary MDS patients with 20 normal marrow transplant donors as reference. We found that 26.9% of the expressed genes genome-wide were aberrantly spliced in MDS patients compared with normal donors. These aberrant AS genes were related to pathways involved in cell proliferation, cell adhesion and protein degradation. A higher degree of global aberrant AS was associated with male gender and U2AF1 mutation, and predicted shorter overall survival and time to leukemic change. Moreover, it was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor irrespective of age, revised international prognostic scoring system (IPSS-R) risk, and mutations in SRSF2, ZRSR2, ASXL1, TP53, and EZH2. With LASSO-Cox regression method, we constructed a simple prognosis prediction model composed of 13 aberrant AS genes, and demonstrated that it could well stratify MDS patients into distinct risk groups. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating significant prognostic impacts of aberrant splicing on MDS patients. Further prospective studies in larger cohorts are needed to confirm our observations.
Collapse
|
52
|
Labella AM, Garcia-Rosado E, Bandín I, Dopazo CP, Castro D, Alonso MC, Borrego JJ. Transcriptomic Profiles of Senegalese Sole Infected With Nervous Necrosis Virus Reassortants Presenting Different Degree of Virulence. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1626. [PMID: 30065724 PMCID: PMC6056728 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Betanodaviruses [nervous necrosis virus (NNV)] are the causative agent of the viral encephalopathy and retinopathy, a disease that affects cultured Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). NNV reassortants, combining genomic segments from redspotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) and striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV) genotypes, have been previously isolated from several fish species. The wild-type reassortant wSs160.03, isolated from Senegalese sole, has been proven to be more virulent to sole than the parental genotypes (RGNNV and SJNNV), causing 100% mortality. Mutations at amino acids 247 (serine to alanine) and 270 (serine to asparagine) in the wSs160.03 capsid protein have allowed us to obtain a mutant reassortant (rSs160.03247+270), which provokes a 40% mortality decrease. In this study, the RNA-Seq technology has been used to comparatively analyze Senegalese sole transcriptomes in two organs (head kidney and eye/brain) after infection with wild-type and mutant strains. A total of 633 genes were differentially expressed (DEGs) in animals infected with the wild-type isolate (with higher virulence), whereas 393 genes were differentially expressed in animals infected with the mutant strain (37.9% decrease in the number of DEGs). To study the biological functions of detected DEGs involved in NNV infection, a gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed. Different GO profiles were obtained in the following subclasses: (i) biological process; (ii) cellular component; and (iii) molecular function, for each viral strain tested. Immune response and proteolysis have been the predominant biological process after the infection with the wild-type isolate, whereas the infection with the mutant strain induces proteolysis in head kidney and inhibition of vasculogenesis in nervous tissue. Regarding the immune response, genes coding for proteins acting as mediators of type I IFN expression (DHX58, IRF3, IRF7) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISG15, Mx, PKR, Gig1, ISG12, IFI44, IFIT-1, to name a few) were upregulated in animals infected with the wild-type isolate, whereas no-differential expression of these genes was observed in samples inoculated with the mutant strain. The different transcriptomic profiles obtained could help to better understand the NNV pathogenesis in Senegalese sole, setting up the importance as virulence determinants of amino acids at positions 247 and 270 within the RNA2 segment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M Labella
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Esther Garcia-Rosado
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Bandín
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos P Dopazo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Dolores Castro
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - M Carmen Alonso
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Juan J Borrego
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Hong G, Kuek V, Shi J, Zhou L, Han X, He W, Tickner J, Qiu H, Wei Q, Xu J. EGFL7: Master regulator of cancer pathogenesis, angiogenesis and an emerging mediator of bone homeostasis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8526-8537. [PMID: 29923200 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoju Hong
- National Key Discipline and Orthopedic Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - Vincent Kuek
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - Jiaxi Shi
- First Clinical College Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Department of Radiography Guangzhou First People's Hospital The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Wei He
- National Key Discipline and Orthopedic Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Orthopedic Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - Heng Qiu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - Qiushi Wei
- National Key Discipline and Orthopedic Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Orthopedic Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Jiake Xu
- National Key Discipline and Orthopedic Laboratory Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Del Papa N, Pignataro F. The Role of Endothelial Progenitors in the Repair of Vascular Damage in Systemic Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1383. [PMID: 29967618 PMCID: PMC6015881 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease characterized by a complex pathological process where the main scenario is represented by progressive loss of microvascular bed, with the consequent progressive fibrotic changes in involved organ and tissues. Although most aspects of vascular injury in scleroderma are poorly understood, recent data suggest that the scleroderma impairment of neovascularization could be related to both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis failure. Particularly, compensatory angiogenesis does not occur normally in spite of an important increase in many angiogenic factors either in SSc skin or serum. Besides insufficient angiogenesis, the contribution of defective vasculogenesis to SSc vasculopathy has been extensively studied. Over the last decades, our understanding of the processes responsible for the formation of new vessels after tissue ischemia has increased. In the past, adult neovascularization was thought to depend mainly on angiogenesis (a process by which new vessels are formed by the proliferation and migration of mature endothelial cells). More recently, increased evidence suggests that stem cells mobilize from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood (PB), differentiate in circulating endothelial progenitors (EPCs), and home to site of ischemia to contribute to de novo vessel formation. Significant advances have been made in understanding the biology of EPCs, and molecular mechanisms regulating EPC function. Autologous EPCs now are becoming a novel treatment option for therapeutic vascularization and vascular repair, mainly in ischemic diseases. However, different diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and peripheral artery ischemia are related to EPC dysfunction. Several studies have shown that EPCs can be detected in the PB of patients with SSc and are impaired in their function. Based on an online literature search (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, last updated December 2017) using keywords related to “endothelial progenitor cells” and “Systemic Sclerosis,” “scleroderma vasculopathy,” “angiogenesis,” “vasculogenesis,” this review gives an overview on the large body of data of current research in this issue, including controversies over the identity and functions of EPCs, their meaning as biomarker of SSc microangiopathy and their clinical potency.
Collapse
|
55
|
Shadrina A, Tsepilov Y, Smetanina M, Voronina E, Seliverstov E, Ilyukhin E, Kirienko A, Zolotukhin I, Filipenko M. Polymorphisms of genes involved in inflammation and blood vessel development influence the risk of varicose veins. Clin Genet 2018; 94:191-199. [PMID: 29660117 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Heredity plays an important role in the etiology of varicose veins (VVs). However, the genetic basis underlying this condition remains poorly understood. Our aim was to replicate top association signals from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for VVs of lower extremities using 2 independent datasets-our sample of ethnic Russian individuals (709 cases and 278 controls) and a large cohort of British residents from UK Biobank (10 861 cases and 397 594 controls). Associations of polymorphisms rs11121615, rs6712038, rs507666, rs966562, rs7111987, rs6062618, and rs6905288 were validated in the UK Biobank individuals at a Bonferroni-corrected significance level. In Russian cohort, only rs11121615 reached a nominal significance level of P < .05. Results of original GWAS and replication studies were combined by a meta-analysis, and polymorphisms listed above as well as rs111434909 and rs4463578 passed a genome-wide significant threshold. Notably, the majority of these polymorphisms were located within or near genes involved in vascular development and remodeling, and regulation of inflammatory response. Our results confirm the role of these polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility to VVs and indicate the revealed genomic regions as good candidates for further fine-mapping studies and functional analysis. Moreover, our findings implicate inflammation and abnormal vascular architecture in VVs pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Shadrina
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics Laboratory, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Y Tsepilov
- Laboratory of Recombination and Segregation Analysis, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics Laboratory, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M Smetanina
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Department of Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E Voronina
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Seliverstov
- Department of Faculty Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Ilyukhin
- Private Surgery Center "Medalp", Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Kirienko
- Department of Faculty Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - I Zolotukhin
- Department of Faculty Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M Filipenko
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Liu Q, Wang J, Yang H, Gao H, Li C, Lan X, Zhang Y. Attenuation of EGFL7 Expression Inhibits Growth Hormone-Producing Pituitary Adenomas Growth and Invasion. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 29:1396-1406. [PMID: 29466872 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasiveness of growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas (GHPAs) causes difficulties in safe and complete adenoma removal during surgery and often leads to high recurrence. Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) has been shown to be able to promote tumor angiogenesis, growth, invasiveness, and metastasis through the Notch signaling pathway. It was previously demonstrated that EGFL7 was overexpressed in GHPAs. This study reports that EGFL7 and Notch2 (positive correlation with EGFL7) are overexpressed in invasive GHPA. A long-rank test (Kaplan-Meier method) shows that invasive GHPAs with EGFL7 strong expression results in reduced recurrence-free survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis reveals that weak EGFL7 expression is an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival. In addition, knockdown of EGFL7 expression suppresses proliferation and invasion of GH3 and GT1-1 cells in vitro. Moreover, attenuation of EGFL7 inhibits human GHPA growth in vivo. The data suggest that as a Notch agonist, EGFL7 may potentially be an appropriate novel molecular target for future development of GHPA medical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- 1 Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 4 Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianpeng Wang
- 1 Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China
| | - Hongye Yang
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China
| | - Hua Gao
- 1 Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 4 Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- 1 Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Lan
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- 1 Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 3 Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 4 Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Hanna DL, Loupakis F, Yang D, Cremolini C, Schirripa M, Li M, Matsusaka S, Berger MD, Miyamoto Y, Zhang W, Ning Y, Antoniotti C, Salvatore L, Moran M, Zeger G, Astrow SH, Falcone A, Lenz HJ. Prognostic Value of ACVRL1 Expression in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Receiving First-line Chemotherapy With Bevacizumab: Results From the Triplet Plus Bevacizumab (TRIBE) Study. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2018; 17:e471-e488. [PMID: 29636300 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No biomarkers exist to predict benefit from antiangiogenic therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. ACVRL1 (activin receptor like-protein 1) encodes for ALK1, a member of the transforming growth factor-β receptor family, which directs pathologic angiogenesis. We examined the intratumoral expression of ACVRL1 and other angiogenesis pathway-related genes to identify molecular markers in the TRIBE study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Of 503 randomized patients, 228 had sufficient tissue for analysis. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens were examined for expression of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, ACVRL1, EphB4, and EGFL7 using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. A maximal χ2 approach was used to determine the messenger RNA levels associated with progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), response rate, early tumor shrinkage, and depth of response. Recursive partitioning trees were constructed to identify composite prognostic biomarker profiles. External validation was conducted in silico using the Oncomine database. RESULTS High ACVRL1 expression was associated with superior OS in both treatment arms (FOLFOXIRI [5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, irinotecan]-bevacizumab, 32.7 vs. 13.5 months, hazard ratio [HR], 0.38, P = .023; FOLFIRI [5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan]-bevacizumab, 35.1 vs. 22.0 months, HR, 0.36, P = .006) and prolonged PFS (11.7 vs. 5.9 months, multivariate HR, 0.17; P = .001) for patients receiving FOLFOXIRI-bevacizumab on univariate and multivariate analyses. In recursive partitioning analysis, ACVRL1 was the strongest discriminator of the response rate, PFS, and OS in patients receiving FOLFOXIRI-bevacizumab and of OS in patients receiving FOLFIRI-bevacizumab. In silico validation revealed significant associations between ACVRL1 expression, disease recurrence, and 1-year survival (P < .05) among all colorectal cancer stages. CONCLUSION ACVRL1 expression could serve as a prognostic biomarker in metastatic colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and bevacizumab and warrants further evaluation in prospective studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana L Hanna
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Hoag Family Cancer Institute, Newport Beach, CA
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Unito of Medical Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Dongyun Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Chiara Cremolini
- Unito of Medical Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Schirripa
- Unito of Medical Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Meng Li
- Health Sciences Bioinformatics Core, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Satoshi Matsusaka
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Martin D Berger
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yuji Miyamoto
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Wu Zhang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yan Ning
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Carlotta Antoniotti
- Unito of Medical Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Lisa Salvatore
- Unito of Medical Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alfredo Falcone
- Unito of Medical Oncology 1, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
De Sanctis F, Ugel S, Facciponte J, Facciabene A. The dark side of tumor-associated endothelial cells. Semin Immunol 2018; 35:35-47. [PMID: 29490888 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and a requisite that tumors must achieve to fulfill their metabolic needs of nutrients and oxygen. As a critical step in cancer progression, the 'angiogenic switch' allows tumor cells to survive and grow, and provides them access to vasculature resulting in metastatic progression and dissemination. Tumor-dependent triggering of the angiogenic switch has critical consequences on tumor progression which extends from an increased nutrient supply and relies instead on the ability of the tumor to hijack the host immune response for the generation of a local immunoprivileged microenvironment. Tumor angiogenic-mediated establishment of endothelial anergy is responsible for this process. However, tumor endothelium can also promote immune tolerance by unbalanced expression of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules and by releasing soluble factors that restrain T cell function and induce apoptosis. In this review, we discuss the molecular properties of the tumor endothelial barrier and endothelial anergy and discuss the main immunosuppressive mechanisms triggered by the tumor endothelium. Lastly, we describe the current anti-angiogenic therapeutic landscape and how targeting tumor angiogenesis can contribute to improve clinical benefits for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Sanctis
- Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - John Facciponte
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center (OCRC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrea Facciabene
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center (OCRC), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins secreted by blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelial cells (ECs) are implicated in cell trafficking. We discovered that the expression of ECM epidermal growth factor-like protein 7 (EGFL7) is increased in the CNS vasculature of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Perivascular CD4 T lymphocytes colocalize with ECM-bound EGFL7 in MS lesions. Human and mouse activated T cells upregulate EGFL7 ligand αvβ3 integrin and can adhere to EGFL7 through integrin αvβ3. EGFL7-knockout (KO) mice show earlier onset of EAE and increased brain and spinal cord parenchymal infiltration of T lymphocytes. Importantly, EC-restricted EGFL7-KO is associated with a similar EAE worsening. Finally, treatment with recombinant EGFL7 improves EAE, reduces MCAM expression, and tightens the BBB in mouse. Our data demonstrate that EGFL7 can limit CNS immune infiltration and may represent a novel therapeutic avenue in MS. Endothelial cells release extracellular matrix components that regulate inflammation. Here the authors demonstrate that the extracellular matrix component epidermal growth factor-like protein 7 regulates inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the mouse.
Collapse
|
60
|
Wang X, Yuan W, Wang X, Qi J, Qin Y, Shi Y, Zhang J, Gong J, Dong Z, Liu X, Sun C, Chai R, Le Noble F, Liu D. The somite-secreted factor Maeg promotes zebrafish embryonic angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:77749-77763. [PMID: 27780917 PMCID: PMC5363618 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MAM and EGF containing gene (MAEG), also called Epidermal Growth Factor-like domain multiple 6 (EGFL6), belongs to the epidermal growth factor repeat superfamily. The role of Maeg in zebrafish angiogenesis remains unclear. It was demonstrated that maeg was dynamically expressed in zebrafish developing somite during a time window encompassing many key steps in embryonic angiogenesis. Maeg loss-of-function embryos showed reduced endothelial cell number and filopodia extensions of intersegmental vessels (ISVs). Maeg gain-of-function induced ectopic sprouting evolving into a hyperbranched and functional perfused vasculature. Mechanistically we demonstrate that Maeg promotes angiogenesis dependent on RGD domain and stimulates activation of Akt and Erk signaling in vivo. Loss of Maeg or Itgb1, augmented expression of Notch receptors, and inhibiting Notch signaling or Dll4 partially rescued angiogenic phenotypes suggesting that Notch acts downstream of Itgb1. We conclude that Maeg acts as a positive regulator of angiogenic cell behavior and formation of functional vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jialing Qi
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yinyin Qin
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yunwei Shi
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Gong
- School of life science, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhangji Dong
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ferdinand Le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dong Liu
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
von Pawel J, Spigel DR, Ervin T, Losonczy G, Barlesi F, Juhász E, Anderson M, McCall B, Wakshull E, Hegde P, Ye W, Chen D, Chang I, Rhee I, Reck M. Randomized Phase II Trial of Parsatuzumab (Anti-EGFL7) or Placebo in Combination with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and Bevacizumab for First-Line Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncologist 2018; 23:654-e58. [PMID: 29438092 PMCID: PMC6067939 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lessons Learned. The lack of efficacy associated with anti‐EGFL7 combined with standard bevacizumab and chemotherapy in this phase II trial in non‐small cell lung carcinoma is consistent with the lack of benefit observed in colorectal carcinoma, highlighting the challenge of enhancing the efficacy of VEGF inhibition in unselected populations. Future efforts with agents like anti‐EGFL7 should be guided by advances in pharmacodynamic and predictive biomarker development for antiangiogenic agents.
Background. Epidermal growth factor‐like domain 7 (EGFL7) is an extracellular matrix‐associated protein that is upregulated during angiogenesis and supports endothelial cell survival. This phase II trial evaluated the efficacy of the anti‐EGFL7 antibody, parsatuzumab, in combination with bevacizumab plus platinum‐based therapy for advanced or recurrent nonsquamous non‐small cell lung cancer (NS‐NSCLC). Methods. Patients (n = 104) were randomized to either placebo or parsatuzumab (600 mg) in combination with bevacizumab (15 mg/kg) and carboplatin/paclitaxel, administered on day 1 of each 21‐day cycle. Carboplatin and paclitaxel were administered for up to six cycles. Bevacizumab and parsatuzumab/placebo were administered for a maximum of 24 months. Results. The progression‐free survival (PFS) hazard ratio (HR) was 1.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0–2.8; p = .047). The median PFS was 6.7 months for the parsatuzumab arm versus 8.1 months for the placebo arm. The hazard ratio for overall survival (OS) was 1.1 (95% CI, 0.5–2.2; p = .847). The objective response rate (ORR) was 29% in the parsatuzumab arm and 56% in the placebo arm. Overall safety and tolerability were consistent with the established toxicity profile of bevacizumab. Conclusion. There was no evidence of efficacy for the addition of parsatuzumab to the combination of bevacizumab and chemotherapy for first‐line NS‐NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fabrice Barlesi
- Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- Hôpital Nord, Oncologie Multidisciplinaire et Innovations Thérapeutiques dpt, Marseille, France
| | - Erzsébet Juhász
- Országos Korányi TBC és Pulmonológiai Intézet, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Bruce McCall
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eric Wakshull
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Priti Hegde
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Weilan Ye
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel Chen
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ilsung Chang
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ina Rhee
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Martin Reck
- LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
KSHV LANA upregulates the expression of epidermal growth factor like domain 7 to promote angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 9:1210-1228. [PMID: 29416688 PMCID: PMC5787431 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a highly-vascularized tumor characterized by inflammation and extensive neo-angiogenesis. The KS tumor microenvironment is rich in inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokines. Here, we report that the expression of Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) is upregulated in Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) infected cells. EGFL7 is a secreted pro-angiogenic cytokine that has been implicated in angiogenesis and the proliferation of endothelial cells during many pathological conditions. Our data show that KS tumors as well as primary effusion lymphoma cells have increased levels of EGFL7 compared to the uninfected cells. We determined that the expression of a KSHV latent protein, LANA (latency-associated nuclear antigen), is the main viral factor responsible for this upregulation. The modulation of EGFL7 expression by LANA involves sequestration of death domain-associated protein 6 (Daxx) from the EGFL7 promoter. Daxx acts as a suppressor of promoter activity by binding to the avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1 (Ets-1), which is the core transcription factor required for the expression of EGFL7. We additionally show that the upregulation of EGFL7 by LANA contributes to the promotion of angiogenesis since siRNA-mediated knockdown of EGFL7 reduced in vitro tubulogenesis in LANA-expressing HUVEC cells. EGFL7 promotes angiogenesis through autocrine as well as paracrine mechanisms as the supernatant from LANA expressing cells depleted of EGFL7 showed reduced tubulogenesis. This study for the first time demonstrates EGFL7 to be an important angiogenic molecule secreted during KSHV infection that could be exploited for blocking KSHV associated malignancies in conjugation with other anti-angiogenic therapies.
Collapse
|
63
|
Noh K, Mangala LS, Han HD, Zhang N, Pradeep S, Wu SY, Ma S, Mora E, Rupaimoole R, Jiang D, Wen Y, Shahzad MMK, Lyons Y, Cho M, Hu W, Nagaraja AS, Haemmerle M, Mak CSL, Chen X, Gharpure KM, Deng H, Xiong W, Kingsley CV, Liu J, Jennings N, Birrer MJ, Bouchard RR, Lopez-Berestein G, Coleman RL, An Z, Sood AK. Differential Effects of EGFL6 on Tumor versus Wound Angiogenesis. Cell Rep 2017; 21:2785-2795. [PMID: 29212026 PMCID: PMC5749980 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis inhibitors are important for cancer therapy, but clinically approved anti-angiogenic agents have shown only modest efficacy and can compromise wound healing. This necessitates the development of novel anti-angiogenesis therapies. Here, we show significantly increased EGFL6 expression in tumor versus wound or normal endothelial cells. Using a series of in vitro and in vivo studies with orthotopic and genetically engineered mouse models, we demonstrate the mechanisms by which EGFL6 stimulates tumor angiogenesis. In contrast to its antagonistic effects on tumor angiogenesis, EGFL6 blockage did not affect normal wound healing. These findings have significant implications for development of anti-angiogenesis therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Noh
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Gene Therapy Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hee-Dong Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea
| | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Sherry Y Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shaolin Ma
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Edna Mora
- Department of Surgery, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico; University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico; Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77584, USA
| | - Rajesha Rupaimoole
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dahai Jiang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yunfei Wen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mian M K Shahzad
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yasmin Lyons
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - MinSoon Cho
- Department of Benign Hematology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Archana S Nagaraja
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Monika Haemmerle
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Celia S L Mak
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiuhui Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kshipra M Gharpure
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hui Deng
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Charles V Kingsley
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicholas Jennings
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael J Birrer
- University of Alabama Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Richard R Bouchard
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Hogan BM, Schulte-Merker S. How to Plumb a Pisces: Understanding Vascular Development and Disease Using Zebrafish Embryos. Dev Cell 2017; 42:567-583. [PMID: 28950100 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Our vasculature plays diverse and critical roles in homeostasis and disease. In recent decades, the use of zebrafish has driven our understanding of vascular development into new areas, identifying new genes and mechanisms controlling vessel formation and allowing unprecedented observation of the cellular and molecular events that shape the developing vasculature. Here, we highlight key mechanisms controlling formation of the zebrafish vasculature and investigate how knowledge from this highly tractable model system has informed our understanding of vascular disease in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Hogan
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Stefan Schulte-Merker
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Münster 48149, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC-1003), WWU Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Cho CF, Yu L, Nsiama TK, Kadam AN, Raturi A, Shukla S, Amadei GA, Steinmetz NF, Luyt LG, Lewis JD. Viral nanoparticles decorated with novel EGFL7 ligands enable intravital imaging of tumor neovasculature. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:12096-12109. [PMID: 28799610 PMCID: PMC5770569 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02558k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a dynamic process fundamental to the development of solid tumors. Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) is a protein whose expression is restricted to endothelial cells undergoing active remodeling that has emerged as a key mediator of this process. EGFL7 expression is associated with poor outcome in several cancers, making it a promising target for imaging or therapeutic strategies. Here, EGFL7 is explored as a molecular target for active neovascularization. Using a combinatorial peptide screening approach, we describe the discovery and characterization of a novel high affinity EGFL7-binding peptide, E7p72, that specifically targets human endothelial cells. Viral nanoparticles decorated with E7p72 peptides specifically target tumor-associated neovasculature with high specificity as assessed by intravital imaging. This work highlights the value of EGFL7 as a target for angiogenic vessels and opens the door for novel targeted therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Choi-Fong Cho
- Translational Prostate Cancer Research Group, University of Alberta, 5-142C Katz Group Building, 114th St and 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
66
|
Wang J, Liu Q, Gao H, Wan D, Li C, Li Z, Zhang Y. EGFL7 participates in regulating biological behavior of growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenomas via Notch2/DLL3 signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317706203. [PMID: 28705113 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317706203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma accounts for about 20% of the third most common intracranial neoplasm—pituitary adenomas—which makes up 15% of all intracranial tumors. The growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma invasion is a key risk factor associated with the operation results and highly correlated with the clinical prognosis. The epidermal growth factor–like domain multiple 7 protein, a unique 29 kDa secreted angiogenic factor, can result in pathologic angiogenesis and enhance the tumor migration and invasion. In this study, for the first time we found that epidermal growth factor–like domain multiple 7 protein expression was markedly higher in invasive growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma than non-invasive growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma. The tumor volume, histologic subtypes, invasiveness and recurrence of growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma were significantly associated with epidermal growth factor–like domain multiple 7 protein expression. Furthermore, we discovered that the histological classification methods of growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma according to electron microscopic examination and biological marker classification methods according to epidermal growth factor–like domain multiple 7 protein expression are more valuable in clinical application than the traditional classification methods based on Knosp and Hardy-Wilson grades. In summary, our results indicated epidermal growth factor–like domain multiple 7 protein participates in growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma proliferation and invasion regulation via Notch2/DLL3 signaling pathway. These findings raised the possibility that epidermal growth factor–like domain multiple 7 protein might serve as a useful biomarker to assess growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma invasion and prognosis or a potential therapeutic target for growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Wang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dehong Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaojian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Prognostic and biological significance of the proangiogenic factor EGFL7 in acute myeloid leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E4641-E4647. [PMID: 28533390 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1703142114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial growth factor-like 7 (EGFL7) is a protein that is secreted by endothelial cells and plays an important role in angiogenesis. Although EGFL7 is aberrantly overexpressed in solid tumors, its role in leukemia has not been evaluated. Here, we report that levels of both EGFL7 mRNA and EGFL7 protein are increased in blasts of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared with normal bone marrow cells. High EGFL7 mRNA expression associates with lower complete remission rates, and shorter event-free and overall survival in older (age ≥60 y) and younger (age <60 y) patients with cytogenetically normal AML. We further show that AML blasts secrete EGFL7 protein and that higher levels of EGFL7 protein are found in the sera from AML patients than in sera from healthy controls. Treatment of patient AML blasts with recombinant EGFL7 in vitro leads to increases in leukemic blast cell growth and levels of phosphorylated AKT. EGFL7 blockade with an anti-EGFL7 antibody reduced the growth potential and viability of AML cells. Our findings demonstrate that increased EGFL7 expression and secretion is an autocrine mechanism supporting growth of leukemic blasts in patients with AML.
Collapse
|
68
|
Lacko LA, Hurtado R, Hinds S, Poulos MG, Butler JM, Stuhlmann H. Altered feto-placental vascularization, feto-placental malperfusion and fetal growth restriction in mice with Egfl7 loss of function. Development 2017; 144:2469-2479. [PMID: 28526753 DOI: 10.1242/dev.147025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
EGFL7 is a secreted angiogenic factor produced by embryonic endothelial cells. To understand its role in placental development, we established a novel Egfl7 knockout mouse. The mutant mice have gross defects in chorioallantoic branching morphogenesis and placental vascular patterning. Microangiography and 3D imaging revealed patchy perfusion of Egfl7-/- placentas marked by impeded blood conductance through sites of narrowed vessels. Consistent with poor feto-placental perfusion, Egfl7 knockout resulted in reduced placental weight and fetal growth restriction. The placentas also showed abnormal fetal vessel patterning and over 50% reduction in fetal blood space. In vitro, placental endothelial cells were deficient in migration, cord formation and sprouting. Expression of genes involved in branching morphogenesis, Gcm1, Syna and Synb, and in patterning of the extracellular matrix, Mmrn1, were temporally dysregulated in the placentas. Egfl7 knockout did not affect expression of the microRNA embedded within intron 7. Collectively, these data reveal that Egfl7 is crucial for placental vascularization and embryonic growth, and may provide insight into etiological factors underlying placental pathologies associated with intrauterine growth restriction, which is a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauretta A Lacko
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Romulo Hurtado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samantha Hinds
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael G Poulos
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jason M Butler
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Heidi Stuhlmann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Xia HF, Ren JG, Zhu JY, Yu ZL, Zhang W, Sun YF, Zhao YF, Chen G. Downregulation of miR-145 in venous malformations: Its association with disorganized vessels and sclerotherapy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 100:126-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
70
|
Wang FYF, Kang CS, Wang-Gou SY, Huang CH, Feng CY, Li XJ. EGFL7 is an intercellular EGFR signal messenger that plays an oncogenic role in glioma. Cancer Lett 2017; 384:9-18. [PMID: 27725228 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal Growth Factor like domain 7 (EGFL7), also known as Vascular Endothelial-statin (VE-statin), is a secreted angiogenic factor. Recent data have demonstrated the potential oncogenic role and prognostic significance of EGFL7 in several human cancers. However, the clinical signature and further mechanisms of EGFL7's function in gliomagenesis are poorly understood. In the present study, we found that increased EGFL7 expression was associated with tumor grade. High expression of EGFL7 in EGFRvIII-positive glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) was determined to be a strong and independent risk factor for reduced life expectancy. EGFRvIII cells can secrete the EGFL7 protein to improve the activity of the β-catenin/TCF4 Transcription complex in EGFRwt cells, thus promoting their own EGFL7 expression. Our research demonstrates that oncogenic activation of EGFRwt in GBM is likely maintained by a continuous EGFL7 autocrine flow line, and may be an attractive target for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yi-Fan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Si-Yi Wang-Gou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chun-Hai Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xue-Jun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Schachtschneider KM, Liu Y, Rund LA, Madsen O, Johnson RW, Groenen MAM, Schook LB. Impact of neonatal iron deficiency on hippocampal DNA methylation and gene transcription in a porcine biomedical model of cognitive development. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:856. [PMID: 27809765 PMCID: PMC5094146 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is a common childhood micronutrient deficiency that results in altered hippocampal function and cognitive disorders. However, little is known about the mechanisms through which neonatal iron deficiency results in long lasting alterations in hippocampal gene expression and function. DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark involved in gene regulation and altered by environmental factors. In this study, hippocampal DNA methylation and gene expression were assessed via reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq on samples from a previous study reporting reduced hippocampal-based learning and memory in a porcine biomedical model of neonatal iron deficiency. RESULTS In total 192 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the iron deficient and control groups. GO term and pathway enrichment analysis identified DEGs associated with hypoxia, angiogenesis, increased blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and altered neurodevelopment and function. Of particular interest are genes previously implicated in cognitive deficits and behavioral disorders in humans and mice, including HTR2A, HTR2C, PAK3, PRSS12, and NETO1. Altered genome-wide DNA methylation was observed across 0.5 million CpG and 2.4 million non-CpG sites. In total 853 differentially methylated (DM) CpG and 99 DM non-CpG sites were identified between groups. Samples clustered by group when comparing DM non-CpG sites, suggesting high conservation of non-CpG methylation in response to neonatal environment. In total 12 DM sites were associated with 9 DEGs, including genes involved in angiogenesis, neurodevelopment, and neuronal function. CONCLUSIONS Neonatal iron deficiency leads to altered hippocampal DNA methylation and gene regulation involved in hypoxia, angiogenesis, increased BBB permeability, and altered neurodevelopment and function. Together, these results provide new insights into the mechanisms through which neonatal iron deficiency results in long lasting reductions in cognitive development in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M. Schachtschneider
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1201 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700AH The Netherlands
| | - Yingkai Liu
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1201 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Huimin Road #221, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Laurie A. Rund
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1201 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Ole Madsen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700AH The Netherlands
| | - Rodney W. Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1201 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Martien A. M. Groenen
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700AH The Netherlands
| | - Lawrence B. Schook
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1201 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, 1206 W Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Kuo K, Caughey AB. Contemporary outcomes of sickle cell disease in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 215:505.e1-5. [PMID: 27242200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data regarding pregnancy outcomes in sickle cell disease are conflicting. Previous studies are limited by small sample size, narrow geographic area, and a wide range of resource availability. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the association between maternal sickle cell disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a contemporary North American cohort. STUDY DESIGN We performed a retrospective cohort study of 2,027,323 women with singleton pregnancies delivered in California from 2005-2008. Deliveries at <24 or >42 6/7 weeks of gestation were excluded. Women with sickle cell disease were compared with control subjects. Maternal outcomes of interest included preeclampsia, preterm delivery, placental abruption, oligohydramnios, and cesarean delivery; neonatal outcomes included small for gestational age, anomalies, stillbirth, neonatal death, and infant death. RESULTS The prevalence of sickle cell disease was 0.017%. Compared with control subjects, women with sickle cell disease were more likely to have limited prenatal care (7.4 vs 3.8%; P=.001), underlying chronic hypertension (2.3% vs 1.1%; P=.038), and fetal anomalies (14.0 vs 6.4%; P<.001). The increased odds of fetal anomalies persisted after adjustment for multiple confounders (odds ratio, 1.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-2.38). Women with sickle cell disease also had higher odds of severe preeclampsia (odds ratio, 3.75; 95% confidence interval, 2.21-6.38), preterm delivery (odds ratio, 2.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.93-3.21), small for gestational age (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-3.25), and cesarean delivery (odds ratio, 1.93; 95% confidence interval, 1.40-2.67). CONCLUSION Women with sickle cell disease are at high risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity. Low rates of fetal and neonatal death may reflect improved antenatal surveillance and management as compared with previous studies. The association between sickle cell disease and fetal anomalies warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.
| | - Aaron B Caughey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Pinte S, Caetano B, Le Bras A, Havet C, Villain G, Dernayka R, Duez C, Mattot V, Soncin F. Endothelial Cell Activation Is Regulated by Epidermal Growth Factor-like Domain 7 (Egfl7) during Inflammation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:24017-24028. [PMID: 27650497 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.731331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the blood vessel endothelium is a critical step during inflammation. Endothelial cells stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines play an essential part in the adhesion and extravasation of circulating leukocytes into inflamed tissues. The endothelial egfl7 gene (VE-statin) represses endothelial cell activation in tumors, and prior observations suggested that it could also participate in the regulation of endothelial cell activation during inflammation. We show here that Egfl7 expression is strongly repressed in mouse lung endothelial cells during LPS- and TNFα-induced inflammation in vivo LPS have a limited effect on Egfl7 expression by endothelial cells in vitro, whereas the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα strongly represses Egfl7 expression in endothelial cells. TNFα regulates the egfl7 gene promoter through regions located between -7585 and -5550 bp ahead of the main transcription start site and via an NF-κB-dependent mechanism. Conversely, Egfl7 regulates the response of endothelial cells to TNFα by restraining the induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin, resulting in a decreased adhesion of leukocytes onto endothelial cells stimulated by TNFα. Egfl7 regulates the expression of these adhesion molecules through the NF-κB and MEK/Erk pathways, in particular by preventing the proteasome-mediated degradation of IkBα both in non-activated endothelial cells and during activation. Egfl7 is thus an endogenous and constitutive repressor of blood vessel endothelial cell activation in normal and inflammatory conditions and participates in a loop of regulation of activation of these cells by pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Pinte
- UMR 8161-M3T, Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies and.,UMR 8161 and.,the Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bertrand Caetano
- UMR 8161-M3T, Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies and.,UMR 8161 and.,the Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alexandra Le Bras
- UMR 8161-M3T, Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies and.,UMR 8161 and.,the Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Chantal Havet
- UMR 8161-M3T, Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies and.,UMR 8161 and.,the Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gaëlle Villain
- UMR 8161-M3T, Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies and.,UMR 8161 and.,the Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Racha Dernayka
- UMR 8161-M3T, Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies and.,UMR 8161 and.,the Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Catherine Duez
- the Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.,U1019-UMR 8204, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.,UMR 8204, CNRS, F-59000 Lille, France.,U1019, INSERM, and
| | - Virginie Mattot
- UMR 8161-M3T, Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies and.,UMR 8161 and.,the Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Fabrice Soncin
- UMR 8161-M3T, Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies and .,UMR 8161 and.,the Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Stremitzer S, Zhang W, Yang D, Ning Y, Sunakawa Y, Matsusaka S, Parekh A, Okazaki S, Hanna D, Astrow SH, Moran M, Hernandez J, Stephens C, Scherer SJ, Stift J, Wrba F, Gruenberger T, Lenz HJ. Expression of Genes Involved in Vascular Morphogenesis and Maturation Predicts Efficacy of Bevacizumab-Based Chemotherapy in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2814-2821. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
75
|
Chistiakov DA, Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV. The role of miR-126 in embryonic angiogenesis, adult vascular homeostasis, and vascular repair and its alterations in atherosclerotic disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 97:47-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
76
|
Schober A, Weber C. Mechanisms of MicroRNAs in Atherosclerosis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2016; 11:583-616. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schober
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany;
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich 80336, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80336, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Sezer Zhmurov Ç, Timirci-Kahraman Ö, Amadou FZ, Fazlıoğulları O, Başaran C, Catal T, Zeybek Ü, Bermek H. Expression of Egfl7 and miRNA-126-5p in Symptomatic Carotid Artery Disease. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:125-9. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2015.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Sezer Zhmurov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Timirci-Kahraman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Osman Fazlıoğulları
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Park Gebze Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cem Başaran
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medicana Bahcelievler Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunc Catal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ümit Zeybek
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Bermek
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Wang YL, Dong FL, Yang J, Li Z, Zhi QM, Zhao X, Yang Y, Li DC, Shen XC, Zhou J. Suppression of the Epidermal Growth Factor-like Domain 7 and Inhibition of Migration and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Pancreatic Cancer PANC-1 Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:4065-9. [PMID: 25987088 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.9.4065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor-like domain multiple 7 (EGFL7), a secreted protein specifically expressed by endothelial cells during embryogenesis, recently was identified as a critical gene in tumor metastasis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was found to be closely related with tumor progression. Accordingly, it is important to investigate the migration and EMT change after knock-down of EGFL7 gene expression in human pancreatic cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS EGFL7 expression was firstly testified in 4 pancreatic cancer cell lines by real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) and western blot, and the highest expression of EGFL7 was found in PANC-1 cell line. Then, PANC-1 cells transfected with small interference RNA (siRNA) of EGFL7 using plasmid vector were named si-PANC-1, while transfected with negative control plasmid vector were called NC-PANC-1. Transwell assay was used to analyze the migration of PANC-1 cells. Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect the expression change of EGFL7 gene, EMT markers like E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin, Vimentin, Fibronectin and transcription factors like snail, slug in PANC-1, NC- PANC-1, and si-PANC-1 cells, respectively. RESULTS After successful plasmid transfection, EGFL7 gene were dramatically knock-down by RNA interference in si-PANC-1 group. Meanwhile, migration ability decreased significantly, compared with PANC-1 and NC-PANC-1 group. Meanwhile, the expression of epithelial phenotype marker E-Cadherin increased and that of mesenchymal phenotype markers N-Cadherin, Vimentin, Fibronectin dramatically decreased in si-PANC-1 group, indicating a reversion of EMT. Also, transcription factors snail and slug decreased significantly after RNA interference. CONCLUSIONS Current study suggested that highly-expressed EGFL7 promotes migration of PANC-1 cells and acts through transcription factors snail and slug to induce EMT, and further study is needed to confirm this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Liang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China E-mail : ;
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
79
|
Different expression of VEGF and EGFL7 in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2016; 48:76-80. [PMID: 26542361 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2015.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of several angiogenic factors expressed in cirrhosis and during progression to malignancy, that seem to play a major role in hepatocellular carcinoma development. Lately, another angiogenic factor, epidermal growth factor-like domain multiple 7 (EGFL7), has attracted interest due to its possible relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. AIMS To evaluate expression of VEGF and EGFL7 in human hepatocellular carcinoma, compared to corresponding cirrhotic surrounding tissue. METHODS Tumoural and cirrhotic tissue was harvested from 12 consecutive patients undergoing surgical resection. VEGF and EGFL7 were assessed by immunofluorescence and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, compared with normal controls. RESULTS Both angiogenic factors were over-expressed in cirrhotic livers compared to normal controls. VEGF and EGFL7 expressions did not differ according to disease aetiology, nodule size or other clinical variables. While VEGF expression was constant, regardless of tumour differentiation stage and unchanged compared to surrounding cirrhotic tissue, EGFL7 expression increased in less differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS The preferential expression of EGFL7 in less differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma compared to VEGF, suggests a possible important role of this angiogenic factor in a later oncogenic and infiltrative/metastatic phase.
Collapse
|
80
|
De Cecco L, Negri T, Brich S, Mauro V, Bozzi F, Dagrada G, Disciglio V, Sanfilippo R, Gronchi A, D'Incalci M, Casali PG, Canevari S, Pierotti MA, Pilotti S. Identification of a gene expression driven progression pathway in myxoid liposarcoma. Oncotarget 2015; 5:5965-77. [PMID: 25115389 PMCID: PMC4171605 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: to investigate the events involved in the progression of myxoid liposarcoma (MLS). Gene expression profiling and immunohistochemical/biochemical analyses were applied to specimens representative of the opposite ends of the MLS spectrum: pure myxoid (ML) and pure round cell (RC) liposarcomas. The analyses revealed the involvement of both coding and non coding RNAs (SNORDs located in DLK1-DIO3 region) and support a model of stepwise progression mainly driven by epigenetic changes involving tumour vascular supply and tumoral cellular component. In this model, a switch in the vascular landscape from a normal to a pro-angiogenic signature and the silencing of DLK1-DIO3 region mark the progression from ML to RC in concert with the acquisition by the latter of the over-expression of YY1/C-MYC/HDAC2, together with over-expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and stemness: MKNK2, MSX1 and TRIM71. Taken together, these findings strongly suggest that to progress from ML to RC liposarcoma the cells have to overcome the epigenetic silencing restriction point in order to reset their new stem-like differentiation signature. Our findings provide a first attempt at identifying the missing links between ML and RC liposarcomas, that may also have broader applications in other clinico-pathological settings characterised by a spectrum of progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loris De Cecco
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tiziana Negri
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Silvia Brich
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Valentina Mauro
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Fabio Bozzi
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - GianPaolo Dagrada
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Vittoria Disciglio
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Roberta Sanfilippo
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor Medical Oncology Unit, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Alessandro Gronchi
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo G Casali
- Adult Mesenchymal Tumor Medical Oncology Unit, Cancer Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Silvana Canevari
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Marco A Pierotti
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| | - Silvana Pilotti
- Laboratory of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Li Q, Wang AY, Xu QG, Liu DY, Xu PX, Yu D. In-vitro inhibitory effect of EGFL7-RNAi on endothelial angiogenesis in glioma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:12234-12242. [PMID: 26722408 PMCID: PMC4680353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role and mechanism of epidermal growth factor like domain 7 (EGFL7) in glioma angiogenesis by cell co-culture and RNA interference. METHODS NSCs-HUVECs co-culture system was established using Transwell culturing techniques. The interactions between glioma and endothelial cells were simulated in-vitro. Cellular expression of EGFL7 in NSCs and HUVEC was targeted and suppressed by lentiviral vector carrying siRNA. The effect of EGFL7 on angiogenesis in glioma in-vitro micro-environment was detected by endothelial cell proliferation, adhesion and tube formation assay. RESULTS Following EGFL7 gene silencing, expression of EGFL7 in HUVECs was reduced and cell adhesion capability was inhibited significantly. Endothelial cells failed to form a lumen-like structure after EGFL7 gene silencing, shown by the tube formation assay. CONCLUSION By regulating endothelial cell adhesion, EGFL7 plays a key role in the regulation of glioma angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan Nongken HospitalHaikou, Hainan, China
| | - Ai-Yue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Haikou Municipal People’s HospitalHaikou, Hainan, China
| | - Qiong-Guan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan Nongken HospitalHaikou, Hainan, China
| | - Da-Yuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan Nongken HospitalHaikou, Hainan, China
| | - Peng-Xiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan Nongken HospitalHaikou, Hainan, China
| | - Dai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Haikou Municipal People’s HospitalHaikou, Hainan, China
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Hoffmann TW, Pham HP, Bridonneau C, Aubry C, Lamas B, Martin-Gallausiaux C, Moroldo M, Rainteau D, Lapaque N, Six A, Richard ML, Fargier E, Le Guern ME, Langella P, Sokol H. Microorganisms linked to inflammatory bowel disease-associated dysbiosis differentially impact host physiology in gnotobiotic mice. ISME JOURNAL 2015. [PMID: 26218241 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2015.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Studying host-microbiota interactions are fundamental to understanding the mechanisms involved in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. In this work, we analyzed these interactions in mice that were mono-associated with six microorganisms that are representative of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated dysbiosis: the bacteria Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, adhesive-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC), Ruminococcus gnavus and Roseburia intestinalis; a yeast used as a probiotic drug, Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745; and another yeast, Candida albicans. Extensive ex vivo analyses including colon transcriptomics, histology, immune response, bile acid metabolism and short-chain fatty acid production were studied. We showed that B. thetaiotaomicron had the highest impact on the immune system because it was almost able to recapitulate the effects of the entire conventional microbiota and notably induced Treg pathways. Furthermore, these analyses uncovered the effects of E. coli AIEC LF82 on indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression and of S. boulardii CNCM I-745 on angiogenesis. These results were confirmed in vitro in human cell lines. Finally, our results suggested that R. gnavus has major effects on metabolism, and notably on tryptophan metabolism. This work therefore reveals that microorganisms with a potential role in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation have specific impacts on the host, and it suggests several tracks to follow to understand intestinal homeostasis and IBD pathogenesis better, providing new insights to identify novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Hoffmann
- INRA, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France.,AgroParisTech, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Hang-Phuong Pham
- ILTOO Pharma, Institut du Cerveau et de Moelle Epinière, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Bridonneau
- INRA, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France.,AgroParisTech, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Camille Aubry
- INRA, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France.,AgroParisTech, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Bruno Lamas
- ERL INSERM U 1157/UMR7203, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France
| | | | - Marco Moroldo
- INRA, UMR1313 GABI/CRB GADIE, Jouy en Josas, France.,AgroParisTech, UMR1313 GABI, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Dominique Rainteau
- ERL INSERM U 1157/UMR7203, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Lapaque
- INRA, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France.,AgroParisTech, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Adrien Six
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S 959, CNRS FRE 3632, Immunology, Immunopathology, Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France
| | - Mathias L Richard
- INRA, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France.,AgroParisTech, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Emilie Fargier
- Biocodex, Centre Recherche et Développement, Compiègne, France
| | | | - Philippe Langella
- INRA, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France.,AgroParisTech, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- INRA, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France.,AgroParisTech, UMR1319 MICALIS, Jouy en Josas, France.,ERL INSERM U 1157/UMR7203, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, France.,AgroParisTech, UMR1313 GABI, Jouy en Josas, France.,Service de Gastroentérologie et Nutrition, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris et Université Paris 6, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Luo W, Shao C, Li N, Zhang F, Guo S, Duan Z, Zheng Q, He H. Expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 correlates with clinicopathological features of osteosarcoma. Am J Transl Res 2015; 7:1236-1245. [PMID: 26328008 PMCID: PMC4548316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 gene (EGFL7) encodes an angiogenesis related factor and plays a crucial role in many human cancers. Previous studies have suggestedthat EGFL7 acts as a facilitator for tumor angiogenesis. However, little is known as to its role in osteosarcoma. Our aim was to investigate the expression of EGFL7 and to explore its correlation with the clinicopathological features of osteosarcoma. Tumor tissues from 32 Chinese young patients (below age of 24) with osteosarcoma were collected and subjected to EGFL7 detection by immunohistochemistry. The tissues from 10 patients with osteochondroma were collected and analyzed as controls. The intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) was examined by immunohistochemical staining using CD34 antibody. The results showed that patients with osteosarcoma had higher levels of EGFL7 in the tumor tissues compared to patients with osteochondroma (p<0.001). The expression of EGFL7 was significantly higher in advanced osteosarcoma (Enneking IIB-III) than that in early tumor stage (Enneking IA-IIA) (p<0.01). There is also a significant correlation between increased expression of EGFL7 and the Enneking stage (R = 0.714, p<0.001). Moreover, we detected a higher level of EGFL7 expression in tumor tissues of patients with recurrent or metastatic (bone or lung) osteosarcoma than those without recurrence or metastasis after 3 years' follow-up (p<0.01). There is no detectable difference of EGFL7 expression between tumor tissues from different tumor location and sex. Finally, we showed that high level of EGFL7expression was significantly correlated with high MVD (R = 0.829, p<0.001). In conclusion, our study demonstrates for the first time that there was a tumor grade-dependent up-regulation of EGFL7 in osteosarcoma. Elevated EGFL7 expression correlated with poor clinical outcome: i.e. advanced tumor stage, recurrent and metastatic osteosarcoma. Our findings support EGFL7 as a potential prognostic marker, and may provide novel insights for the diagnostics and therapeutics of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Fangjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shifang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhixi Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qiping Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center600 S. Paulina Street, Room 507, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hongbo He
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Rossi A, Kontarakis Z, Gerri C, Nolte H, Hölper S, Krüger M, Stainier DYR. Genetic compensation induced by deleterious mutations but not gene knockdowns. Nature 2015; 524:230-3. [PMID: 26168398 DOI: 10.1038/nature14580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 853] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
85
|
Song IJ, Ikram M, Subhan F, Choi DJ, Lee JR, Kim HS, Lim YT, Yoon S. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of mouse epidermal growth factor-like domain 8. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:541-50. [PMID: 26096343 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like (EGFL) domain, a common structural module in numerous secreted or transmembrane proteins, is generally involved in protein-protein interactions. To date, several EGFL proteins have been identified and characterized, but little is known about EGFL domain 8 (EGFL8). The present study reported the molecular characterization and expression analysis of EGFL8 in mice. Mouse EGFL8 amplified using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction approach was sequenced and characterized. Mouse EGFL8 encodes a protein of 293 amino acids with two EGFL domains, an Emilin-like domain and a Ca(2+)-binding EGFL domain, which has a molecular mass of 32 kDa. The coding sequence has a high degree of amino acid sequence identity across species, and the EGFL domain has been highly conserved in various species during evolutionary radiation. A phylogenetic tree calculated using the neighbor-joining method revealed that EGFL8 and EGFL7 are more closely associated with each other than either is to EGFL3, and they cluster with EGFL6. It was found that mouse EGFL8 protein was highly expressed in diverse mouse tissue types, including the thymus, lymph nodes, testis, ovaries, epididymis, ductus deferens, ileum, colon, stomach, esophagus, lung, uterus, urinary bladder, skin, spleen, adrenal glands and penis. These results are of great use in understanding the biological roles of mouse EGFL8 for further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ik-Jin Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazli Subhan
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Jeong Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Rang Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tak Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Sik Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors. Urol Oncol 2015; 33:268.e17-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
87
|
Li Z, Ni CF, Zhou J, Shen XC, Yin Y, Du P, Yang C. Expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 is increased by transcatheter arterial embolization of liver tumors. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:1191-6. [PMID: 25735354 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.3.1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor-like domain multiple 7 (EGFL7), recently identified as a secreted protein regulated by oxygen exposure, plays a critical role in promoting metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is widely used for treatment of HCC, resulting in hypoxia in tumors and surrounding liver tissues. Accordingly, we proposed the hypothesis that there could be a relationship between expression of EGFL7 and response to TAE. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model using percutaneous puncture technique guided by computed tomography. TAE and sham embolization were performed and the results were confirmed by MRI 3 weeks after inoculation. We investigated the EGFL7 expression of the two groups at 6h and 3 days after intervention by means of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the levels of EGFL7 protein significantly increased in the TAE-treated tumors compared with the control group at 6 hours (P=0.031) and 3 days (P=0.020) after intervention. Meanwhile, the relative EGFL7 protein detected in TAE group also up-regulated compared with the control group at 6 hours (P=0.020) and 3 days (P=0.024) after intervention. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals an increase of EGFL7 expression in rabbit VX2 liver tumors after TAE. The role of EGFL7 in HCC, especially its biological behavior after TAE, needs further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
88
|
Charpentier MS, Tandon P, Trincot CE, Koutleva EK, Conlon FL. A distinct mechanism of vascular lumen formation in Xenopus requires EGFL7. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116086. [PMID: 25705891 PMCID: PMC4338030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During vertebrate blood vessel development, lumen formation is the critical process by which cords of endothelial cells transition into functional tubular vessels. Here, we use Xenopus embryos to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying lumen formation of the dorsal aorta and the posterior cardinal veins, the primary major vessels that arise via vasculogenesis within the first 48 hours of life. We demonstrate that endothelial cells are initially found in close association with one another through the formation of tight junctions expressing ZO-1. The emergence of vascular lumens is characterized by elongation of endothelial cell shape, reorganization of junctions away from the cord center to the periphery of the vessel, and onset of Claudin-5 expression within tight junctions. Furthermore, unlike most vertebrate vessels that exhibit specialized apical and basal domains, we show that early Xenopus vessels are not polarized. Moreover, we demonstrate that in embryos depleted of the extracellular matrix factor Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Domain 7 (EGFL7), an evolutionarily conserved factor associated with vertebrate vessel development, vascular lumens fail to form. While Claudin-5 localizes to endothelial tight junctions of EGFL7-depleted embryos in a timely manner, endothelial cells of the aorta and veins fail to undergo appropriate cell shape changes or clear junctions from the cell-cell contact. Taken together, we demonstrate for the first time the mechanisms by which lumens are generated within the major vessels in Xenopus and implicate EGFL7 in modulating cell shape and cell-cell junctions to drive proper lumen morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta S. Charpentier
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Panna Tandon
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Claire E. Trincot
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Elitza K. Koutleva
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biology, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Frank L. Conlon
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biology, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Massimiani M, Vecchione L, Piccirilli D, Spitalieri P, Amati F, Salvi S, Ferrazzani S, Stuhlmann H, Campagnolo L. Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 promotes migration and invasion of human trophoblast cells through activation of MAPK, PI3K and NOTCH signaling pathways. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:435-51. [PMID: 25667199 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (Egfl7) is a gene that encodes a partially secreted protein and whose expression is largely restricted to the endothelia. We recently reported that EGFL7 is also expressed by trophoblast cells in mouse and human placentas. Here, we investigated the molecular pathways that are regulated by EGFL7 in trophoblast cells. Stable EGFL7 overexpression in a Jeg3 human choriocarcinoma cell line resulted in significantly increased cell migration and invasiveness, while cell proliferation was unaffected. Analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways showed that EGFL7 promotes Jeg3 cell motility by activating both pathways. We show that EGFL7 activates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in Jeg3 cells, resulting in downstream activation of extracellular regulated kinases (ERKs). In addition, we provide evidence that EGFL7-triggered migration of Jeg3 cells involves activation of NOTCH signaling. EGFL7 and NOTCH1 are co-expressed in Jeg3 cells, and blocking of NOTCH activation abrogates enhanced migration of Jeg3 cells overexpressing EGFL7. We also demonstrate that signaling through EGFR and NOTCH converged to mediate EGFL7 effects. Reduction of endogenous EGFL7 expression in Jeg3 cells significantly decreased cell migration. We further confirmed that EGFL7 stimulates cell migration by using primary human first trimester trophoblast (PTB) cells overexpressing EGFL7. In conclusion, our data suggest that in trophoblast cells, EGFL7 regulates cell migration and invasion by activating multiple signaling pathways. Our results provide a possible explanation for the correlation between reduced expression of EGFL7 and inadequate trophoblast invasion observed in placentopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Massimiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - L Vecchione
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - D Piccirilli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Spitalieri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - F Amati
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - S Salvi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - S Ferrazzani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - H Stuhlmann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - L Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Yang IV, Pedersen BS, Rabinovich E, Hennessy CE, Davidson EJ, Murphy E, Guardela BJ, Tedrow JR, Zhang Y, Singh MK, Correll M, Schwarz MI, Geraci M, Sciurba FC, Quackenbush J, Spira A, Kaminski N, Schwartz DA. Relationship of DNA methylation and gene expression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 190:1263-72. [PMID: 25333685 PMCID: PMC4315819 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201408-1452oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an untreatable and often fatal lung disease that is increasing in prevalence and is caused by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic mechanisms control gene expression and are likely to regulate the IPF transcriptome. OBJECTIVES To identify methylation marks that modify gene expression in IPF lung. METHODS We assessed DNA methylation (comprehensive high-throughput arrays for relative methylation arrays [CHARM]) and gene expression (Agilent gene expression arrays) in 94 patients with IPF and 67 control subjects, and performed integrative genomic analyses to define methylation-gene expression relationships in IPF lung. We validated methylation changes by a targeted analysis (Epityper), and performed functional validation of one of the genes identified by our analysis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We identified 2,130 differentially methylated regions (DMRs; <5% false discovery rate), of which 738 are associated with significant changes in gene expression and enriched for expected inverse relationship between methylation and expression (P < 2.2 × 10(-16)). We validated 13/15 DMRs by targeted analysis of methylation. Methylation-expression quantitative trait loci (methyl-eQTL) identified methylation marks that control cis and trans gene expression, with an enrichment for cis relationships (P < 2.2 × 10(-16)). We found five trans methyl-eQTLs where a methylation change at a single DMR is associated with transcriptional changes in a substantial number of genes; four of these DMRs are near transcription factors (castor zinc finger 1 [CASZ1], FOXC1, MXD4, and ZDHHC4). We studied the in vitro effects of change in CASZ1 expression and validated its role in regulation of target genes in the methyl-eQTL. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that DNA methylation may be involved in the pathogenesis of IPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana V. Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Brent S. Pedersen
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Einat Rabinovich
- Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Corinne E. Hennessy
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Elissa Murphy
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Brenda Juan Guardela
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - John R. Tedrow
- Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mandal K. Singh
- Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mick Correll
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Marvin I. Schwarz
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mark Geraci
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Frank C. Sciurba
- Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease and Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John Quackenbush
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Avrum Spira
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David A. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
WANG QIANQIAN, ZHOU SAIJUN, MENG ZHENXING, WANG JIE, CHEN RUI, LV LIN, LI CHUNJUN, YU DEMIN, YU PEI. Domain I-IV of β2-glycoprotein I inhibits advanced glycation end product-induced angiogenesis by down-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor 2 signaling. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:2167-72. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
92
|
Löfgren M, Ekman S, Svala E, Lindahl A, Ley C, Skiöldebrand E. Cell and matrix modulation in prenatal and postnatal equine growth cartilage, zones of Ranvier and articular cartilage. J Anat 2014; 225:548-68. [PMID: 25175365 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of synovial joints includes phenotypic changes of the chondrocytes and the organisation of their extracellular matrix is regulated by different factors and signalling pathways. Increased knowledge of the normal processes involved in joint development may be used to identify similar regulatory mechanisms during pathological conditions in the joint. Samples of the distal radius were collected from prenatal and postnatal equine growth plates, zones of Ranvier and articular cartilage with the aim of identifying Notch signalling components and cells with stem cell-like characteristics and to follow changes in matrix protein localisation during joint development. The localisation of the Notch signalling components Notch1, Delta4, Hes1, Notch dysregulating protein epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7), the stem cell-indicating factor Stro-1 and the matrix molecules cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), fibromodulin, matrilin-1 and chondroadherin were studied using immunohistochemistry. Spatial changes in protein localisations during cartilage maturation were observed for Notch signalling components and matrix molecules, with increased pericellular localisation indicating new synthesis and involvement of these proteins in the formation of the joint. However, it was not possible to characterise the phenotype of the chondrocytes based on their surrounding matrix during normal chondrogenesis. The zone of Ranvier was identified in all horses and characterised as an area expressing Stro-1, EGFL7 and chondroadherin with an absence of COMP and Notch signalling. Stro-1 was also present in cells close to the perichondrium, in the articular cartilage and in the fetal resting zone, indicating stem cell-like characteristics of these cells. The presence of stem cells in the articular cartilage will be of importance for the repair of damaged cartilage. Perivascular chondrocytes and hypertrophic cells of the cartilage bone interface displayed positive staining for EGFL7, which is a novel finding and suggests a role of EGFL7 in the vascular infiltration of growth cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Löfgren
- Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
93
|
Santulli G, Wronska A, Uryu K, Diacovo TG, Gao M, Marx SO, Kitajewski J, Chilton JM, Akat KM, Tuschl T, Marks AR, Totary-Jain H. A selective microRNA-based strategy inhibits restenosis while preserving endothelial function. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:4102-14. [PMID: 25133430 DOI: 10.1172/jci76069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drugs currently approved to coat stents used in percutaneous coronary interventions do not discriminate between proliferating vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). This lack of discrimination delays reendothelialization and vascular healing, increasing the risk of late thrombosis following angioplasty. We developed a microRNA-based (miRNA-based) approach to inhibit proliferative VSMCs, thus preventing restenosis, while selectively promoting reendothelialization and preserving EC function. We used an adenoviral (Ad) vector that encodes cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1) (p27) with target sequences for EC-specific miR-126-3p at the 3' end (Ad-p27-126TS). Exogenous p27 overexpression was evaluated in vitro and in a rat arterial balloon injury model following transduction with Ad-p27-126TS, Ad-p27 (without miR-126 target sequences), or Ad-GFP (control). In vitro, Ad-p27-126TS protected the ability of ECs to proliferate, migrate, and form networks. At 2 and 4 weeks after injury, Ad-p27-126TS-treated animals exhibited reduced restenosis, complete reendothelialization, reduced hypercoagulability, and restoration of the vasodilatory response to acetylcholine to levels comparable to those in uninjured vessels. By incorporating miR-126-3p target sequences to leverage endogenous EC-specific miR-126, we overexpressed exogenous p27 in VSMCs, while selectively inhibiting p27 overexpression in ECs. Our proof-of-principle study demonstrates the potential of using a miRNA-based strategy as a therapeutic approach to specifically inhibit vascular restenosis while preserving EC function.
Collapse
|
94
|
Zhang J, Vernes JM, Ni J, Nelson C, Wong A, Chen ST, Asundi A, Vandlen R, Meng YG. Real-time immuno-polymerase chain reaction in a 384-well format: detection of vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor-like domain 7. Anal Biochem 2014; 463:61-6. [PMID: 25013989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Immuno-polymerase chain reaction (immuno-PCR) combines the specificity of antibodies with the amplification power of PCR to detect low levels of proteins. Here, we describe the development of a 384-well immuno-PCR method that uses streptavidin coated on a PCR plate to capture complexes of biotinylated capture antibody, antigen, and DNA-labeled detection antibody. Unbound molecules are removed by a wash step using a standard plate washer. Antibody-DNA molecules in bound complexes are then detected directly on the plate using real-time PCR. Circulating human vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations measured by this method correlated with measurements obtained from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Using this method, we developed an assay for human epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7), an extracellular matrix-bound angiogenic factor. EGFL7 is expressed at a higher level in certain cancers, although endogenous EGFL7 concentrations have not been reported. Our 384-well EGFL7 immuno-PCR assay can detect 0.51pM EGFL7 in plasma, approximately 16-fold more sensitive than the ELISA, utilizing the same antibodies. This assay detected EGFL7 in lysates of non-small-cell lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and also hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer tissues. This 384-well immuno-PCR method can be used to develop high-throughput biomarker assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhuan Zhang
- Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jean-Michel Vernes
- Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jennifer Ni
- Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Anne Wong
- Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Steven T Chen
- Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Aarati Asundi
- Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Richard Vandlen
- Protein Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Y Gloria Meng
- Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Oh J, Park SH, Lee TS, Oh HK, Choi JH, Choi YS. High expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 is correlated with poor differentiation and poor prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. J Gynecol Oncol 2014; 25:334-41. [PMID: 25142627 PMCID: PMC4195305 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2014.25.4.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) in epithelial ovarian cancer, and to assess its relevance to clinicopathological characteristics and patients' survival. Methods A total of 177 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were enrolled in the current study. For each patient, a retrospective review of medical records was conducted. Immunohistochemical staining for EGFL7 was performed using tissue microarrays made with paraffin-embedded tissue block. EGFL7 expression levels were graded on a grade of 0 to 3 based on the percentage of positive cancer cells. We analyzed the correlations between the expression of EGFL7 and various clinical parameters, and also analyzed the survival outcome according to the EGFL7 expression. Results The expression of EGFL7 in ovarian cancer tissues was observed in 98 patients (55.4%). High expression of EGFL7 (grade 2 or 3) was significantly correlated with pathologic type, differentiation, stage, residual tumor after debulking surgery, lymphovascular space involvement, lymph node metastasis, high cancer antigen 125, peritoneal cytology, and ascites. Among these clinicopathologic factors, differentiation was significantly correlated with EGFL7 expression in multivariate analysis (p<0.05). Survival analysis showed that the patients with high EGFL7 expression had a poorer disease free survival than those with low EGFL7 expression (p=0.002). Conclusion Our data suggest that EGFL7 expression is a novel predictive factor for the clinical progression of epithelial ovarian cancer, and may constitute a therapeutic target for antiangiogenesis therapy in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Daegu, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Hae Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Daegu, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Sung Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Daegu, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hoon Kyu Oh
- Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Daegu, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Hye Choi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Kyung Hee University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Seok Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Daegu, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Epidermal growth factor-like domain-containing protein 7 (EGFL7) enhances EGF receptor-AKT signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99922. [PMID: 24945379 PMCID: PMC4063792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor-like domain-containing protein 7 (EGFL7) is upregulated in human epithelial tumors and so is a potential biomarker for malignancy. Indeed, previous studies have shown that high EGFL7 expression promotes infiltration and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) initiates the metastatic cascade and endows cancer cells with invasive and migratory capacity; however, it is not known if EGFL7 promotes metastasis by triggering EMT. We found that EGFL7 was overexpressed in multiple human gastric cancer (GC) cell lines and that overexpression promoted cell invasion and migration as revealed by scratch wound and transwell migration assays. Conversely, shRNA-mediated EGFL7 knockdown reduced invasion and migration. Furthermore, EGFL7-overexpressing cells grew into larger tumors and were more likely to metastasize to the liver compared to underexpressing CG cells following subcutaneous injection in mice. EGFL7 overexpression protected GC cell lines against anoikis, providing a plausible mechanism for this enhanced metastatic capacity. In excised human gastric tumors, expression of EGFL7 was positively correlated with expression levels of the mesenchymal marker vimentin and the EMT-associated transcription repressor Snail, and negatively correlated with expression of the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin. In GC cell lines, EGFL7 knockdown reversed morphological signs of EMT and decreased both vimentin and Snail expression. In addition, EGFL7 overexpression promoted EGF receptor (EGFR) and protein kinase B (AKT) phospho-activation, effects markedly suppressed by the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478. Moreover, AG1478 also reduced the elevated invasive and migratory capacity of GC cell lines overexpressing EGFL7. Collectively, these results strongly suggest that EGFL7 promotes metastasis by activating EMT through an EGFR-AKT-Snail signaling pathway. Disruption of EGFL7-EGFR-AKT-Snail signaling may a promising therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.
Collapse
|
97
|
Tu J, Li Y, Hu Z, Chen Z. Radiosurgery inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway in a rat model of arteriovenous malformations. J Neurosurg 2014; 120:1385-96. [DOI: 10.3171/2013.12.jns131595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Object
Notch signaling has been suggested to promote the development and maintenance of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), but whether radiosurgery inhibits Notch signaling pathways in AVMs is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine molecular changes of Notch signaling pathways following radiosurgery and to explore mechanisms of radiosurgical obliteration of “nidus” vessels in a rat model of AVMs.
Methods
One hundred eleven rats received common carotid artery–to–external jugular vein anastomosis to form an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) model. Six weeks postoperatively, dilated small vessels and capillaries formed a nidus. The rats with AVFs received 25-Gy radiosurgery. The expression of Notch1 and Notch4 receptors and their ligands, Delta-like1 and Delta-like4, Jagged1, Notch downstream gene target HES1, and an apoptotic marker caspase-3 in nidus vessels in the AVF rats was examined immunohistochemically and was quantified using LAS-AF software at 7 time points over a period of 42 days postradiosurgery. The interaction events between Notch1 receptor and Jagged1, as well as Notch4 receptor and Jagged1, were quantified in nidus vessels in the AVF rats using proximity ligation assay at different time points over 42 days postradiosurgery.
Results
The expression of Notch1 and Notch4 receptors, Delta-like1, Delta-like4, Jagged1, and HES1 was observed in nidus vessels in the AVF rats pre- and postradiosurgery. Radiosurgery enhanced apoptotic activity (p < 0.05) and inhibited the expression of Notch1 and Notch4 receptors and Jagged1 in the endothelial cells of nidus vessels in the AVF rats at 1, 2, 3, 7, 21, 28, and 42 days postradiosurgery (p < 0.05). Radiosurgery suppressed the interaction events between Notch1 receptor and Jagged1 (p < 0.001) as well as Notch4 receptor and Jagged1 (p < 0.001) in the endothelial cells of nidus vessels in the AVF rats over a period of 42 days postradiosurgery. Radiosurgery induced thrombotic occlusion of nidus vessels in the AVF rats. There was a positive correlation between the percentage of fully obliterated nidus vessels and time after radiosurgery (r = 0.9324, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Radiosurgery inhibits endothelial Notch1 and Notch4 signaling pathways in nidus vessels while inducing thrombotic occlusion of nidus vessels in a rat model of AVMs. The underlying mechanisms of radiosurgery-induced AVM shrinkage could be a combination of suppressing Notch receptor signaling in blood vessel endothelial cells, leading to a reduction in nidus vessel size and thrombotic occlusion of nidus vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tu
- 1Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yang Li
- 1Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, the 9th Medical Clinical College of Beijing University; and
| | - Zhongbin Chen
- 3Department of Electromagnetic and Laser Biology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Bambino K, Lacko LA, Hajjar KA, Stuhlmann H. Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 is a marker of the endothelial lineage and active angiogenesis. Genesis 2014; 52:657-70. [PMID: 24740971 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (Egfl7) expression in the developing embryo is largely restricted to sites of mesodermal progenitors of angioblasts/hemangioblasts and the vascular endothelium. We hypothesize that Egfl7 marks the endothelial lineage during embryonic development, and can be used to define the emergence of endothelial progenitor cells, as well as to visualize newly-forming vasculature in the embryo and during the processes of physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis in the adult. We have generated a transgenic mouse strain that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) under the control of a minimal Egfl7 regulatory sequence (Egfl7:eGFP). Expression of the transgene recapitulated that of endogenous Egfl7 at sites of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in the allantois, yolk sac, and in the embryo proper. The transgene was not expressed in the quiescent endothelium of most adult organs. However, the uterus and ovary, which undergo vascular growth and remodeling throughout the estrus cycle, expressed high levels of Egfl7:eGFP. Importantly, expression of the Egfl7:eGFP transgene was induced in adult neovasculature. We also found that increased Egfl7 expression contributed to pathologic revascularization in the mouse retina. To our knowledge, this is the first mouse model that enables monitoring of endothelial cells at sites of active vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. This model also facilitated the isolation and characterization of EGFL7(+) endothelial cell populations by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Together, our results demonstrate that the Egfl7:eGFP reporter mouse is a valuable tool that can be used to elucidate the mechanisms by which blood vessels form during development and under pathologic circumstances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Bambino
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Program in Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology, and Molecular Biology, New York, New York
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
99
|
Lacko LA, Massimiani M, Sones JL, Hurtado R, Salvi S, Ferrazzani S, Davisson RL, Campagnolo L, Stuhlmann H. Novel expression of EGFL7 in placental trophoblast and endothelial cells and its implication in preeclampsia. Mech Dev 2014; 133:163-76. [PMID: 24751645 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian placenta is the site of nutrient and gas exchange between the mother and fetus, and is comprised of two principal cell types, trophoblasts and endothelial cells. Proper placental development requires invasion and differentiation of trophoblast cells, together with coordinated fetal vasculogenesis and maternal vascular remodeling. Disruption in these processes can result in placental pathologies such as preeclampsia (PE), a disease characterized by late gestational hypertension and proteinuria. Epidermal Growth Factor Like Domain 7 (EGFL7) is a largely endothelial-restricted secreted factor that is critical for embryonic vascular development, and functions by modulating the Notch signaling pathway. However, the role of EGFL7 in placental development remains unknown. In this study, we use mouse models and human placentas to begin to understand the role of EGFL7 during normal and pathological placentation. We show that Egfl7 is expressed by the endothelium of both the maternal and fetal vasculature throughout placental development. Importantly, we uncovered a previously unknown site of EGFL7 expression in the trophoblast cell lineage, including the trophectoderm, trophoblast stem cells, and placental trophoblasts. Our results demonstrate significantly reduced Egfl7 expression in human PE placentas, concurrent with a downregulation of Notch target genes. Moreover, using the BPH/5 mouse model of PE, we show that the downregulation of Egfl7 in compromised placentas occurs prior to the onset of characteristic maternal signs of PE. Together, our results implicate Egfl7 as a possible factor in normal placental development and in the etiology of PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauretta A Lacko
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Micol Massimiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Jenny L Sones
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, T9-014 Veterinary Research Tower, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States.
| | - Romulo Hurtado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Silvia Salvi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sergio Ferrazzani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Robin L Davisson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, T9-014 Veterinary Research Tower, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States.
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Heidi Stuhlmann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, Box 60, New York, NY 10065, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Charpentier MS, Dorr KM, Conlon FL. Transcriptional regulation of blood vessel formation: the role of the CASZ1/Egfl7/RhoA pathway. Cell Cycle 2014; 12:2165-6. [PMID: 23803731 PMCID: PMC3755060 DOI: 10.4161/cc.25539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|