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Horn-Lodewyk J, Wainwright T, Lessing KC, Otto D, Fourie JH. Optimal home and hospital laundering of reusable surgical scrubs: Systematic literature review. Health SA 2023. [DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Fitria N, Yulianita H, Sugiharto F, Astari DW, Eriyani T. The Factors Associated With Performance Among Infection Prevention and Control Linked Nurse During Covid-19 Pandemic. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231193911. [PMID: 37559924 PMCID: PMC10408327 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231193911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infection Prevention and Control Linked Nurses (IPCLN) are the spearhead of implementing the Infection Control Prevention Program. The performance of nurses in preventing and controlling infections during the Covid-19 pandemic greatly influenced the quality of services. Objective This study aimed to determine the factors that influence the performance of IPCLN during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods Cross-sectional study was performed on 34 nurses at Cicendo Eye Hospital with a total sampling technique. The questionnaire in this study included knowledge, motivation, supervision, and the performance of nurses which had previously been tested with these characteristics with a result of Cronbach's alpha of 0.75. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results The mean score of IPCLN knowledge in this study was 14.82 ± 4.01, motivation 92.47 ± 15.85, supervision 34.74 ± 5.89, and performance 7.94 ± 2.71. There is a relationship between knowledge (p = .000), motivation (p = .000), and supervision (p = .000) on nurse performance. Motivation is the dominant factor influencing IPCLN performance compared to knowledge and supervision (Stand. Estimate = 0.5121; 95% CI = 0.1301-0.487; p < .001). Conclusion Motivation is a dominant factor in IPCLN performance in this study. However, hospital management needs to maximize and make policies to improve IPCLN performance in terms of motivation. These policies can be through providing incentives for nurses, developing free continuing education programs, and issuing funds for nursing education scholarships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nita Fitria
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Henny Yulianita
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Theresia Eriyani
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Burnett E, Cooper T, Wares K, Wigglesworth N, Chiwera L, Settle C, Robinson J. Designing an optimal infection prevention service: Part 1. J Infect Prev 2023; 24:3-10. [PMID: 36644524 PMCID: PMC9834424 DOI: 10.1177/17571774221127695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) pose a significant threat to the health and safety of patients, staff, and visitors. Infection prevention and control (IPC) teams play a crucial role in ensuring that systems and processes are in place to keep everyone safe within the healthcare environment. Aim The aim of this study was to identify components of infection prevention services, priorities, indicators of successes and how they are measured, and facilitators and barriers to success. Methods A survey questionnaire was developed and circulated to infection prevention leaders and managers. Findings/results Seventy IPC leaders/managers completed the survey. Participants were responsible for a range of IPC services within and across healthcare organisations, with significant variations to IPC delivery components. Additionally, a range of budget availability was reported. Several IPC service requirements were considered core work of IPC teams, including providing IPC advice and support, surveillance and audit and education and training. Discussion An optimal IPC service needs to be in place to ensure HCAIs are minimised or prevented. In a post pandemic era, this is more important than ever before. This is also as crucial for the health and wellbeing of those working in IPC, who have endured unprecedented demand for their services during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Burnett
- Health Sciences, Fatima College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tracey Cooper
- Infection Prevention, Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Chris Settle
- South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, South Shields, UK
| | - Jude Robinson
- Infection prevention and Control, NHS England-Midlands, Nottinghamshire, UK
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Arns B, Agani CAJO, Sesin GP, Horvath JDC, Fogazzi DV, Romeiro Silva FK, Costa LS, Pereira AJ, Nassar Junior AP, Cavalcanti BT, Dietrich C, Veiga VC, Catarino DG, Cheno MY, Biasi A, Ferronatto BR, Bassetti BR, Fernandes CCF, Deutschendorf C, Grion CMC, Vidal CFDL, de Oliveira CD, Caser EB, Boschi E, Silva EM, Pizzol FD, Urbano HCDA, Silva I, Maia IS, Rego LRDM, Oliveira LP, Tavares MB, Dracoulakis MDA, Bainy MP, Golin NA, Tomba PO, Kurtz PMP, Foernges RB, Prestes RM, de Melo RMV, Da Silva RR, Toledo TGP, Lima VP, Fernandes VDF, Lovato WJ, Zavascki AP. Evaluation of the characteristics of infection prevention and control programs and infection control committees in Brazilian hospitals: A countrywide cross-sectional study. ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP & HEALTHCARE EPIDEMIOLOGY : ASHE 2023; 3:e79. [PMID: 37179767 PMCID: PMC10173283 DOI: 10.1017/ash.2023.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective Data are scarce regarding hospital infection control committees and compliance with infection prevention and control (IPC) recommendations in Brazil, a country of continental dimensions. We assessed the main characteristics of infection control committees (ICCs) on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in Brazilian hospitals. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in ICCs of public and private hospitals distributed across all Brazilian regions. Data were collected directly from the ICC staff by completing an online questionnaire and during on-site visits through face-to-face interviews. Results In total, 53 Brazilian hospitals were evaluated from October 2019 to December 2020. All hospitals had implemented the IPC core components in their programs. All centers had protocols for the prevention and control of ventilator-associated pneumonia as well as bloodstream, surgical site, and catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Most hospitals (80%) had no budget specifically allocated to the IPC program; 34% of the laundry staff had received specific IPC training; and only 7.5% of hospitals reported occupational infections in healthcare workers. Conclusions In this sample, most ICCs complied with the minimum requirements for IPC programs. The main limitation regarding ICCs was the lack of financial support. The findings of this survey support the development of strategic plans to improve IPCs in Brazilian hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Arns
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Author for correspondence: Beatriz Arns, MD, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 630, sala 815. Bairro Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil. E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emerson Boschi
- Hospital Geral de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Iany Silva
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São João Del Rei, São João del Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Israel Silva Maia
- HCor Research Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Nereu Ramos, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Marina Peres Bainy
- Hospital Escola Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Pablo Oscar Tomba
- Hospital do Cancer Barretos, Unidade Jales, Jales, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Valéria Paes Lima
- Hospital Universitário de Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | | | - Wilson José Lovato
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Prehn Zavascki
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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O'Connor M, McNamara C, Doody O. Healthcare workers' experiences of caring for patients colonized with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in an acute hospital setting - a scoping review. J Hosp Infect 2023; 131:181-189. [PMID: 36347399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) is an increasing public health concern; these bacteria are highly transmissible in hospital environments and the number of patients with these multidrug-resistant bacteria is rising. Healthcare workers caring for patients colonized with CPE offer insight into care delivery and processes in the hospital setting. The aim of this review was to explore healthcare workers' experiences of caring for patients colonized with CPE. A scoping review method was employed and seven electronic databases (CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, Cochrane, Embase, Medline, Web of Science and Scopus) and four grey literature databases (Open Grey, Grey Literature Report, Clinical trials. gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) were searched using specific search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria. A PRISMA flow diagram was used to illustrate the process of article selection and thematic analysis used to form themes. Three studies met the criteria to be included in this review. Two main themes were identified from analysing the articles: 'Safeguarding' and 'Power of Knowledge'. The desire to protect themselves, their families and patients was evident from the studies. Healthcare workers were aware of the importance on infection prevention and control measures such as hand hygiene, in preventing the transmission of CPE, however barriers to these were identified, such as time constraints. In conclusion, healthcare workers have negative associations when it comes to caring for patients with CPE. Very little research has been conducted in the area and there is an opportunity to further explore the experience of healthcare workers caring for patients with CPE to identify opportunities for improvement and support of staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O'Connor
- Infection Prevention and Control, University Hospital, Limerick, Ireland
| | - C McNamara
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - O Doody
- Health Research Institute, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Alyahya MS, Momani S, Alolayyan MN, Khader YS. Workplace policies and quality of working life (QoWL) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jordanian hospitals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE 2023; 34:101-119. [PMID: 37154188 DOI: 10.3233/jrs-220039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many healthcare organizations place a high value on quality of work-life (QoWL). The healthcare system's long-term sustainability and capability to offer high-quality services to patients depend on improving QoWL for their healthcare workers. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to explore the impact of Jordanian hospitals' workplace policies and measures in three main domains: (I) Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, (II) Supply of personal protective equipment (PPE), and (III) COVID-19 precautionary measures on the QoWL among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2021 through an online self-reported questionnaire (Google Form) targeting hospital healthcare professionals working at Jordanian hospitals (public, private, military, and university). The study used a valid work-related quality of life (WRQoL) scale to study the QoWL. RESULTS A total of 484 HCWs in Jordanian hospitals participated in the study with a mean age of (34.8 ± 8.28 years). 57.6% of the respondents were females. 66.1% were married, with 61.6% having children at home. An average QoWL among healthcare workers in Jordanian hospitals during the pandemic was observed. The study results also showed a significant positive correlation between workplace policies (IPC measures, supply of PPE, and COVID-19 preventive measures) and the WRQoL among healthcare workers. CONCLUSION Our findings highlighted the vital need for QoWL and psychological well-being support services for healthcare staff during pandemics. Improved IPC systems and other precautionary measures at the national and hospital management levels are required to help minimize the stress and fear that healthcare workers experience and lower the risk of COVID-19 and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S Alyahya
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Salam Momani
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Main Naser Alolayyan
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yousef S Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Thandar MM, Rahman MO, Haruyama R, Matsuoka S, Okawa S, Moriyama J, Yokobori Y, Matsubara C, Nagai M, Ota E, Baba T. Effectiveness of Infection Control Teams in Reducing Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:17075. [PMID: 36554953 PMCID: PMC9779570 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192417075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The infection control team (ICT) ensures the implementation of infection control guidelines in healthcare facilities. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ICT, with or without an infection control link nurse (ICLN) system, in reducing healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). We searched four databases to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in inpatient, outpatient and long-term care facilities. We judged the quality of the studies, conducted meta-analyses whenever interventions and outcome measures were comparable in at least two studies, and assessed the certainty of evidence. Nine RCTs were included; all were rated as being low quality. Overall, ICT, with or without an ICLN system, did not reduce the incidence rate of HCAIs [risk ratio (RR) = 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45-1.07], death due to HCAIs (RR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.04-2.69) and length of hospital stay (42 days vs. 45 days, p = 0.52). However, ICT with an ICLN system improved nurses' compliance with infection control practices (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.00-1.38). Due to the high level of bias, inconsistency and imprecision, these findings should be considered with caution. High-quality studies using similar outcome measures are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Moe Thandar
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Md. Obaidur Rahman
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Rei Haruyama
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Sadatoshi Matsuoka
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Sumiyo Okawa
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Jun Moriyama
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yuta Yokobori
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Chieko Matsubara
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Mari Nagai
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Erika Ota
- Global Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Sciences, St. Luke’s International University, Tokyo 104-0044, Japan
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Minato, Tokyo 106-0032, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Baba
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
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Bahegwa RP, Hussein AK, Kishimba R, Hokororo J, German C, Ngowi R, Eliakimu E, Ngasala B. Factors affecting compliance with infection prevention and control standard precautions among healthcare workers in Songwe region, Tanzania. Infect Prev Pract 2022; 4:100236. [PMID: 36052313 PMCID: PMC9424571 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2022.100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compliance with infection prevention and control standard precautions (IPCSPs) remains a major challenge in many countries including Tanzania. Lack of compliance exposes healthcare workers (HCWs) and patients to a high risk of developing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) including antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms which can contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study investigated compliance with IPCSPs and associated factors among HCWs in public healthcare facilities (HFs) in Songwe Region, Tanzania between January and March 2021. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in all 5 districts in Songwe Region, involved 400 HCWs from difference healthcare facilities (HFs) including dispensaries, health centres and hospitals. The Compliance with Standard Precautions scale (CSPS) tool developed by WHO was used. Descriptive and modified Poisson regression analysis was done. A P-value of less than 0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results Only 22.5% (90/400) of HCWs had high compliance (above 80%) to IPCSPs. The majority of HCWs reported highest compliance on discarding used needles/sharps into sharps containers (94%), the lowest IPCSPs compliance was for the correct handling of spills, taking a shower after extensive splashing and not re-using disposable masks, 8%, 28.5% and 34% respectively. Attending IPC training or an IPC seminar in the previous year (ARR=2.97 [1.87-4.72] P<0.001), the number of years of work experience (ARR=2.08 [1.22-3.54] P=0.007), and having experienced a needlestick injury (ARR=0.62 [0.40-0.95] P=0.028), were identified as predictors of HCWs compliance with IPCSPs. Conclusion The majority of HCWs in Songwe region had low compliance with IPCSPs according to national standards. IPC training and the number of years of work experience predicted high compliance with IPCSPs. Capacity building initiatives, mentorship and supportive supervision should be emphasised for all HCWs in all HFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radenta P. Bahegwa
- Tanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania
- Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Ally K. Hussein
- Tanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Rogath Kishimba
- Tanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania
- Ministry of Health, Dodoma, Tanzania
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | | | | | | | - Billy Ngasala
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Bonde JPE, Sell L, Johan Høy JH, Begtrup LM, Flachs EM, Jakobsson K, Nielsen C, Nilsson K, Rylander L, Petersen KU, Tøttenborg SS. Occupational risk of COVID-19 across pandemic waves: a two-year national follow-up study of hospital admissions. Scand J Work Environ Health 2022; 48:672-677. [PMID: 36107639 PMCID: PMC10546612 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assuming that preventive measures to mitigate viral transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at the workplace may have been improved in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, we examined the occupational risk of COVID-19 related hospital admission across the four pandemic waves in Denmark between week 8, 2020, and week 50, 2021. METHODS The study included 4416 cases of COVID-19 related hospital admissions among 2.4 million Danish employees aged 20-69 with follow-up in 2020 through 2021. At-risk industrial sectors and a reference population were defined a priory by a job-exposure matrix on occupational risk for COVID-19. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) and potential effect modification by pandemic wave were computed with Poisson regression adjusted for demographic, social and health factors including completed COVID-19 vaccination. RESULTS We observed an overall elevated relative risk in four of six at-risk industrial sectors, but the pandemic wave only modified the risk among healthcare employees, where the excess risk from a high initial level declined to background levels during the latest waves in models not adjusting for COVID-19 vaccination. In social care, education and transport, the elevated risk was not modified by pandemic wave. CONCLUSION Danish healthcare employees were to some extent protected against occupational transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during the two last pandemic waves even though the absolute risk conferred by occupation may not have been eliminated. Early vaccination of this group seems not to be the only explanation. The risk in other sectors remained elevated indicating a need to revisit preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-Copenhagen 2400 NV, Denmark.
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Abalkhail A, Alslamah T. Institutional Factors Associated with Infection Prevention and Control Practices Globally during the Infectious Pandemics in Resource-Limited Settings. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1811. [PMID: 36366320 PMCID: PMC9696365 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections lead to considerable morbidity, a prolonged hospital stay, antibiotic resistance, long-term disability, mortality and increased healthcare costs. Based on the literature, some individual and socio-demographic factors including knowledge, age and length of service or work experience, gender and type of profession influence compliance with infection prevention and control procedures. In addition, organizational culture, which refers to the assumptions, values, and norms shared among colleagues, can influence an individual's thinking and healthcare workers' behavior, either positively or negatively. Infection control practices based on the perspective of patients, hospital management and healthcare workers may help develop a better understanding of the factors influencing compliance with infection prevention and control policies and guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thamer Alslamah
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah 52741, Saudi Arabia
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61
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Alhumaid S, Al Mutair A, Busubaih JS, Al Dossary N, Alsuliman M, Baltyour SA, Alissa I, Al Hassar HI, Al Aithan NA, Albassri HA, AlOmran SA, ALGhazal RM, Busbaih A, Alsalem NA, Alagnam W, Alyousef MY, Alseffay AU, Al Aish HA, Aldiaram A, Al Eissa HA, Alhumaid MA, Bukhamseen AN, Al Mutared KM, Aljwisim AH, Twibah AM, AlSaeed MM, Alkhalaf HA, ALShakhs FM, Koritala T, Al-Tawfiq JA, Dhama K, Rabaan AA, Al-Omari A. Colorectal cancer in patients with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Infect Agent Cancer 2022; 17:49. [PMID: 36096812 PMCID: PMC9466313 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-022-00459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) are more likely to develop severe course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and experience increased risk of mortality compared to SARS-CoV-2 patients without CRC. Objectives To estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in CRC patients and analyse the demographic parameters, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in CRC patients with COVID-19 illness. Methods For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Proquest, Medline, Embase, Pubmed, CINAHL, Wiley online library, Scopus and Nature for studies on the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in CRC patients, published from December 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021, with English language restriction. Effect sizes of prevalence were pooled with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sub-group analyses were performed to minimize heterogeneity. Binary logistic regression model was used to explore the effect of various demographic and clinical characteristics on patient’s final treatment outcome (survival or death). Results Of the 472 papers that were identified, 69 articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (41 cohort, 16 case-report, 9 case-series, 2 cross-sectional, and 1 case-control studies). Studies involving 3362 CRC patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 (all patients were adults) were analyzed. The overall pooled proportions of CRC patients who had laboratory-confirmed community-acquired and hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infections were 8.1% (95% CI 6.1 to 10.1, n = 1308, 24 studies, I2 98%, p = 0.66), and 1.5% (95% CI 1.1 to 1.9, n = 472, 27 studies, I2 94%, p < 0.01). The median patient age ranged from 51.6 years to 80 years across studies. The majority of the patients were male (n = 2243, 66.7%) and belonged to White (Caucasian) (n = 262, 7.8%), Hispanic (n = 156, 4.6%) and Asian (n = 153, 4.4%) ethnicity. The main source of SARS-CoV-2 infection in CRC patients was community-acquired (n = 2882, 85.7%; p = 0.014). Most of those SARS-CoV-2 patients had stage III CRC (n = 725, 21.6%; p = 0.036) and were treated mainly with surgical resections (n = 304, 9%) and chemotherapies (n = 187, 5.6%), p = 0.008. The odd ratios of death were significantly high in patients with old age (≥ 60 years) (OR 1.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.96; p < 0.001), male gender (OR 1.44, 95% CI 0.41–0.47; p < 0.001) CRC stage III (OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.02–1.05; p = 0.041), CRC stage IV (OR 1.69, 95% CI 0.17–1.2; p = 0.009), recent active treatment with chemotherapies (OR 1.35, 95% CI 0.5–0.66; p = 0.023) or surgical resections (OR 1.4, 95% CI 0.8–0.73; p = 0.016) and admission to ICU (OR 1.88, 95% CI 0.85–1.12; p < 0.001) compared to those who survived. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 infection in CRC patient is not uncommon and results in a mortality rate of 26.2%. Key determinants that lead to increased mortality in CRC patients infected with COVID-19 include older age (≥ 60 years old); male gender; Asian and Hispanic ethnicity; if SARS-CoV-2 was acquired from hospital source; advanced CRC (stage III and IV); if patient received chemotherapies or surgical treatment; and if patient was admitted to ICU, ventilated or experienced ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Rashdiah Street, P. O. Box 12944, Alahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,College of Nursing, Princess Norah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Jawad S Busubaih
- Gastroenterology Department, King Fahad Hofuf Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourah Al Dossary
- General Surgery Department, Alomran General Hospital, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murtadha Alsuliman
- Department of Pharmacy, Hereditary Blood Diseases Centre, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah A Baltyour
- Infection Prevention and Control Department, Alomran General Hospital, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Alissa
- Pharmaceutical Care Department, Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Noor A Al Aithan
- Intensive Care Unit, Omran General Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani A Albassri
- Pharmacy Department, Prince Saud Bin Jalawi Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman A AlOmran
- Pharmacy Department, King Faisal General Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed M ALGhazal
- Department of Gastroenterology, King Fahad Hofuf Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Busbaih
- Critical Care Medicine/Gastroenterology Department, King Fahad Hofuf Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser A Alsalem
- Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hofuf Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem Alagnam
- Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hofuf Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Y Alyousef
- Administration of Academic Affairs and Research, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Ali Aldiaram
- Pharmaceutical Care Department, Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham A Al Eissa
- Medical Services Department, King Fahad Hofuf Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali N Bukhamseen
- Pharmacy Department, Maternity and Children Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Koblan M Al Mutared
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Ministry of Health, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah H Aljwisim
- Administration of Compliance, Al-Ahsa Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Al‑Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Twibah
- Administration of Compliance, Al-Ahsa Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Al‑Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meteab M AlSaeed
- Regional Medical Supply, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussien A Alkhalaf
- Pharmacy Department, Al Jaber Hospital for Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah M ALShakhs
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Prince Saud Bin Jalawi Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thoyaja Koritala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mankato, MN, USA
| | - Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Infectious Disease Unit, Specialty Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.,Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Uttar Pradesh, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India
| | - Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.,College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, 11533, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22610, Pakistan
| | - Awad Al-Omari
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Colaprico C, Ricci E, Bongiovanni A, Imeshtari V, Barletta VI, Manai MV, Shaholli D, Marte M, Serruto P, La Torre G. Flu Vaccination among Healthcare Professionals in Times of COVID-19: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081341. [PMID: 36016229 PMCID: PMC9414714 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The seasonal flu vaccine is the most important way to prevent influenza epidemics, so it is useful to increase the awareness of health professionals. The aim of our study is to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and behavior about flu vaccination among healthcare professionals in times of COVID-19. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out between November 2020 and April 2021. Participants were recruited in teaching hospital ‘Policlinico Umberto I’ of Rome. A survey of 24 questions about flu vaccination was administered, evaluating their knowledge, attitude, and practice about this topic. Results: 872 healthcare professionals were involved in the study (36.9% men, 63.1% women). More than 90% of the HCWs, especially physicians, recognize the importance of getting influenza vaccination: The main reasons for not getting vaccinated were fear of vaccine side effects (20.3%) and fear of the needle (6.4%). Nevertheless, 40.7% of the healthcare providers consider mandatory vaccination as unethical, especially if they work in low-intensity wards. Conclusion: a high percentage of healthcare workers agree with the importance of influenza vaccination and only a small percentage is still opposed. It is therefore important to continue to promote the influenza vaccination through communication and health education programs.
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63
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Castiblanco LL, García de Yébenes MJ, Martín Martín JM, Carmona L. Safety and efficacy in the nursing care of people with rheumatic diseases on janus kinase inhibitor therapy. Rheumatol Int 2022; 42:2125-2133. [PMID: 35982184 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-022-05185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nurses's support of patients needs an evidence base as much as that of specialists management. However, some more practical aspects need specific questions that are not addressed in medical societies' recommendations. Our objective was to investigate the effect of Janus kinase inhibitors (jakinibs) on efficacy, safety, infections, cardiovascular risk, vaccination, pregnancy and lactation, interactions, surgery, and switch in adult patients with rheumatic diseases. We used the methodology for rapid reviews. Medline was searched for systematic reviews of randomised clinical trials and longitudinal observational studies reporting on the target aspects, without limits, yielding 540 titles, of which 70 articles were selected for detailed reading after the screening of title and abstract. In the case of no systematic review being published on a specific question, we resorted to the information provided by primary studies. The efficacy and safety profiles are similar to that of TNF-inhibitors to which they are compared in most studies; however, there is an increased risk of herpes zoster infections with jakinibs. The evidence on pregnancy, surgery and switches between jakinibs is very limited, although, so far, there are no major issues to inform patients about or to implement specific measures. In general, evidence to support nursing management in patients being treated with jakinibs is of moderate quality and scarce, ought to the recent incursion of jakinibs as a treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Loreto Carmona
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Health (Inmusc), Calle de Méndez Álvaro, 20, 28045, Madrid, Spain.
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Henriot P, Castry M, Luong Nguyen LB, Shimakawa Y, Jean K, Temime L. Meta-analysis: risk of hepatitis C virus infection associated with hospital-based invasive procedures. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 56:558-569. [PMID: 35758763 PMCID: PMC9543323 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare settings, where invasive procedures are frequently performed, may play an important role in the transmission dynamics of blood-borne pathogens when compliance with infection control precautions is suboptimal. AIMS To understand and quantify the role of hospital-based invasive procedures on hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify recent studies reporting association measures of HCV infection risk that are linked to iatrogenic procedures. Based on expert opinion, invasive procedures were categorised into 10 groups for which pooled measures were calculated. Finally, the relationship between pooled measures and the country-level HCV prevalence or the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) index was assessed by meta-regression. RESULTS We included 71 studies in the analysis. The most frequently evaluated procedures were blood transfusion (66 measures) and surgery (43 measures). The pooled odds ratio (OR) of HCV infection varied widely, ranging from 1.46 (95% confidence interval: 1.14-1.88) for dental procedures to 3.22 (1.7-6.11) for transplantation. The OR for blood transfusion was higher for transfusions performed before 1998 (3.77, 2.42-5.88) than for those without a specified/recent date (2.20, 1.77-2.75). In procedure-specific analyses, the HCV infection risk was significantly negatively associated with the HAQ for endoscopy and positively associated with HCV prevalence for endoscopy and surgery. CONCLUSIONS Various invasive procedures were significantly associated with HCV infection. Our results provide a ranking of procedures in terms of HCV risk that may be used for prioritisation of infection control interventions, especially in high HCV prevalence settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Henriot
- MESuRS LaboratoryConservatoire National des Arts et MétiersParisFrance
- PACRI UnitConservatoire National des Arts et Métiers/Institut PasteurParisFrance
| | | | | | - Yusuke Shimakawa
- PACRI UnitConservatoire National des Arts et Métiers/Institut PasteurParisFrance
- Unité d'Epidémiologie des Maladies ÉmergentesInstitut PasteurParisFrance
| | - Kévin Jean
- MESuRS LaboratoryConservatoire National des Arts et MétiersParisFrance
- PACRI UnitConservatoire National des Arts et Métiers/Institut PasteurParisFrance
| | - Laura Temime
- MESuRS LaboratoryConservatoire National des Arts et MétiersParisFrance
- PACRI UnitConservatoire National des Arts et Métiers/Institut PasteurParisFrance
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65
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Mutaru AM, Balegha AN, Kunsu R, Gbeti C. Knowledge and determinants of infection prevention and control compliance among nurses in Yendi municipality, Ghana. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270508. [PMID: 35857742 PMCID: PMC9299325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Knowledge of and compliance to infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines are crucial to curbing hospital acquired infections (HAIs). Globally, about 7–10% of patients suffer HAIs. However, there is limited evidence on nurses’ knowledge and adherence to IPC guidelines. Therefore, this study assessed the knowledge and determinants of IPC compliance among nurses in Yendi Municipality, Northern Ghana. Methods We conducted a quantitative cross-sectional study among 209 nurses of the Yendi Municipal hospital, using an adapted questionnaire. We collected and analysed data using SPSS version 26. Socio-demographics, knowledge level and compliance to IPC guidelines were assessed using descriptive statistics. The minimum scores for knowledge and compliance were 0 each with maximum scores being 10 and 8 respectively. Using binary multivariate logistic regression, the determinants of IPC compliance were analysed and odds ratios reported at 95% confidence intervals. Results The nurses had high mean and standard deviation scores for knowledge (7.26 ± 1.4) and compliance to IPC guidelines (5.41 ± 1.5). Females (aOR: 0.33; 95%CI: 0.17–0.64; p = 0.001) were significantly less likely to comply to IPC guidelines. Nurses working in Maternity/Labour wards (aOR: 8.31; 95%CI: 2.46–28.15; p = 0.001) and Outpatient Department (OPD)/Psychiatry (aOR: 5.00; 95%CI: 1.42–17.62; p = 0.012) were associated with higher odds of complying to IPC guidelines. Availability of IPC guidelines (aOR: 3.48; 95%CI: 1.13–10.72; p = 0.030) in a working department influenced compliance to IPC measures. Conclusion The study revealed high knowledge and high compliance regarding IPC among nurses in the Yendi Municipal Hospital. A person’s working department and the availability of IPC guidelines were key determinants for high compliance to IPC measures. However, knowledge of IPC did not influence compliance to IPC guidelines. The Municipal and Regional Health directorates, should therefore ensure adequate logistic flow, provision of IPC guidelines and proper supervision to ensure maximum compliance with IPC guidelines, particularly among paediatric, medical and surgical wards nurses as well as degree holding nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Manaf Mutaru
- Department of General Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Yendi, Northern Region, Ghana
- Department of Behavioural and Social Change, School of Public Health, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana
- * E-mail:
| | - Augustine Ngmenemandel Balegha
- Department of Behavioural and Social Change, School of Public Health, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Upper West Regional Hospital, Wa, Upper West Region, Ghana
| | - Raymond Kunsu
- Department of General Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Yendi, Northern Region, Ghana
| | - Collins Gbeti
- Department of Health Science Education, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
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66
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Fattahi H, Seproo FG, Fattahi A. Effective factors in people's preventive behaviors during covid-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-synthesis. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1218. [PMID: 35717144 PMCID: PMC9206506 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The overwhelming outbreak of covid-19 has forced governments all over the world to consider different measures to face this challenging situation. A vitally important element to the declining transmission of viruses is changing behaviors based on reliable information. This study was designed and implemented to identify factors affecting the preventive behaviors during the covid-19 pandemic. Methods This thematic synthesis was carried out in order to create a set of central themes that summarize all of the issues raised in the articles reviewed in this study. We used PRISMA 2020 guidelines to direct this systematic review and meta synthesis. The process of analyzing data includes three different stages: 1) creating codes; 2) production of descriptive themes; 3) and finally, the creation of analytical themes. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist was used to evaluate the articles' quality. Results Five central themes emerged from 8 included articles, (1) Social factors (subthemes: environmental context, political leadership, multimedia), (2) Cultural factors (subthemes: national culture, religious culture, the family beliefs, work culture, foreign culture), (3) Economic factors (subthemes: economic situation of the individual, the government supports, infrastructures), (4) Personal factors (subthemes: people experiences, cognitive ability, physical factors, different motivational level, sense of responsibility, risk management, and self-management skills), and (5) Knowledge and Education factors (subthemes: access to information, skill training). Furthermore, SRQR items that were weakly reported were “researcher characteristics and reflexivity”, “Sampling strategy”, “Data collection methods”, “Data analysis”, and “techniques to enhance trustworthiness. Conclusion Health policymakers and other public health officials in various countries can use the factors listed to develop appropriate, evidence-based policies. They should investigate behavioral characteristics in their community based on their abilities, and then design and implement appropriate executive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Fattahi
- Center for Primary Health Care Network Management, Deputy for Public Health, Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faeze Ghasemi Seproo
- Center for Health Human Resources Research and Studies, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Fattahi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Spies R, Potter M, Govender S, Kirk L, Rauch S, Black J. SARS-CoV-2 infection in public hospital medical doctors in an Eastern Cape metro. S Afr J Infect Dis 2022; 37:335. [PMID: 35399560 PMCID: PMC8991316 DOI: 10.4102/sajid.v37i1.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruan Spies
- Department of Medicine, Port Elizabeth Hospital Complex, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Matthew Potter
- Department of Medicine, Port Elizabeth Hospital Complex, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Sudarshan Govender
- Department of Medicine, Port Elizabeth Hospital Complex, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Luke Kirk
- Department of Medicine, Port Elizabeth Hospital Complex, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Simon Rauch
- Department of Medicine, Port Elizabeth Hospital Complex, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - John Black
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Livingstone Hospital, Gqeberha, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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68
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Saxena S, Kunwar R, Mourya A. A study of the level of awareness about tuberculosis among employees of a tertiary care hospital. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF DR. D.Y. PATIL VIDYAPEETH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_387_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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69
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Owsianka I, Pac A, Jachowicz E, Gutkowska K, Szczuciński W, Maziarz B, Sochacka-Tatara E, Heczko P, Sydor W, Żółtowska B, Wójkowska-Mach J. SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after mRNA vaccination in healthcare workers with and without previous COVID-19, a follow-up study from a university hospital in Poland during 6 months 2021. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1071204. [PMID: 36685606 PMCID: PMC9850141 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1071204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Healthcare workers (HCWs) from the beginning of the pandemic have been at risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2, so they were vaccinated as first. Objectives The purpose of the study was to determine the level of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in HCWs before and after vaccination with mRNA preparations according to previous COVID- 19. Patients and methods The HCWs from the University Hospital in Krakow completed two surveys: the baseline survey before receiving the first dose of vaccine (in January 2021) and the follow-up survey in June 2021. In parallel, two blood samples were collected from each participant at baseline and at follow-up. Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were measured using the ECLIA technique. Results At baseline, 41.1% of HCWs had positive antibody test results, and at follow-up, the vaccinated HCWs had almost 100 times higher antibody levels than the unvaccinated HCWs. Participants under 30 years of age had significantly higher antibody levels in June than older HCWs. Among participants with positive antibody test results in January, HCWs who had experienced asymptomatic COVID-19 had more than five times higher antibody levels in June than HCWs self-reported severe COVID-19. In total, 86.9% of HCWs received Comirnaty or Spikevax. The incidence rate of COVID-19 in the unvaccinated vs. vaccinated group was 13 times higher, 20.5% and 1.9% respectively. Conclusions These results confirm the effectiveness of vaccination in the prevention of COVID-19 in HCWs. It is worth getting vaccinated regardless of previous infection. Furthermore, vaccination among HCWs under 30 years of age induced more effective antibody production compared to older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Owsianka
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- *Correspondence: Izabella Owsianka,
| | - Agnieszka Pac
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Estera Jachowicz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Gutkowska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wiktor Szczuciński
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Maziarz
- Department of Diagnostics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Sochacka-Tatara
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Heczko
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Sydor
- Center for Innovative Therapy, Clinical Research Coordination Center, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Żółtowska
- Center for Innovative Therapy, Clinical Research Coordination Center, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Sarker MT, Hasan AQF, Rafi MO, Hossain MJ, El-Mageed HRA, Elsapagh RM, Capasso R, Emran TB. A Comprehensive Overview of the Newly Emerged COVID-19 Pandemic: Features, Origin, Genomics, Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prevention. BIOLOGICS 2021; 1:357-383. [DOI: 10.3390/biologics1030021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a life-threatening pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in massive destruction and is still continuously adding to its death toll. The advent of this global outbreak has not yet been confirmed; however, investigation for suitable prophylaxis against this lethal virus is being carried out by experts all around the globe. The SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the Coronaviridae superfamily, like the other previously occurring human coronavirus variants. To better understand a new virus variant, such as the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant, it is vital to investigate previous virus strains, including their genomic composition and functionality. Our study aimed at addressing the basic overview of the virus’ profile that may provide the scientific community with evidence-based insights into COVID-19. Therefore, this study accomplished a comprehensive literature review that includes the virus’ origin, classification, structure, life cycle, genome, mutation, epidemiology, and subsequent essential factors associated with host–virus interaction. Moreover, we summarized the considerable diagnostic measures, treatment options, including multiple therapeutic approaches, and prevention, as well as future directions that may reduce the impact and misery caused by this devastating pandemic. The observations and data provided here have been screened and accumulated through extensive literature study, hence this study will help the scientific community properly understand this new virus and provide further leads for therapeutic interventions.
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Wang C, Wang Y, Han B, Zhao TS, Liu B, Liu H, Chen L, Xie M, Zheng H, Zhang S, Zeng J, Huang NH, Du J, Liu Y, Lu QB, Cui F. Willingness and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Coverage among Healthcare Workers in China: A Nationwide Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:993. [PMID: 34579230 PMCID: PMC8472967 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9090993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine has been widely rolled out globally in the general populations. However, specific data on vaccination confidence, willingness or coverage among health care workers (HCWs) has been less reported. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to specify the basic data and patterns of vaccination confidence, willingness and coverage among HCWs nationwide. Results: In total, 2386 out of 2583 (92.4%) participants were enrolled for analysis, and the rates of confidence in vaccine, professional institutes and government were 75.1%, 85.2% and 85.4%, respectively. The overall vaccination coverage rate was 63.6% which was adjusted as 82.8% for participants under current medical conditions or having contraindications. Confidence in vaccine safety was shown to be the most related factor to willingness among doctors, nurses, medical technicians and hospital administrators, while confidence in vaccine effectiveness as well as trust in government played the key role in formulating public health employees' willingness. 130 (7.1% of 1833) participants reporting willingness still not been vaccinated regardless of contraindications. Multivariate analysis among willingness participants showed that males, aged over 30 years, public health employees and higher vaccination confidence had significantly higher vaccination rates with ORs (95% confidence intervals) as 1.64 (1.08-2.49), 3.14 (2.14-4.62), 2.43 (1.46-4.04) or 2.31 (1.24-4.33). Conclusions: HCWs' confidence, willingness and coverage rates to the vaccine were generally at high levels. Heterogeneity among HCWs should be considered for future vaccination promotion strategies. The population's confidence in vaccination is not only the determinant to their willingness, but also guarantees their actual vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bingfeng Han
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tian-Shuo Zhao
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Linyi Chen
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mingzhu Xie
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sihui Zhang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ning-Hua Huang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fuqiang Cui
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (C.W.); (Y.W.); (B.H.); (T.-S.Z.); (B.L.); (H.L.); (L.C.); (M.X.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (J.Z.); (N.-H.H.); (J.D.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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72
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Alhumaid S, Al Mutair A, Al Alawi Z, Alshawi AM, Alomran SA, Almuhanna MS, Almuslim AA, Bu Shafia AH, Alotaibi AM, Ahmed GY, Rabaan AA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Al-Omari A. Coinfections with Bacteria, Fungi, and Respiratory Viruses in Patients with SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10070809. [PMID: 34202114 PMCID: PMC8308492 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10070809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Coinfection with bacteria, fungi, and respiratory viruses in SARS-CoV-2 is of particular importance due to the possibility of increased morbidity and mortality. In this meta-analysis, we calculated the prevalence of such coinfections. Methods: Electronic databases were searched from 1 December 2019 to 31 March 2021. Effect sizes of prevalence were pooled with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). To minimize heterogeneity, we performed sub-group analyses. Results: Of the 6189 papers that were identified, 72 articles were included in the systematic review (40 case series and 32 cohort studies) and 68 articles (38 case series and 30 cohort studies) were included in the meta-analysis. Of the 31,953 SARS-CoV-2 patients included in the meta-analysis, the overall pooled proportion who had a laboratory-confirmed bacterial infection was 15.9% (95% CI 13.6–18.2, n = 1940, 49 studies, I2 = 99%, p < 0.00001), while 3.7% (95% CI 2.6–4.8, n = 177, 16 studies, I2 = 93%, p < 0.00001) had fungal infections and 6.6% (95% CI 5.5–7.6, n = 737, 44 studies, I2 = 96%, p < 0.00001) had other respiratory viruses. SARS-CoV-2 patients in the ICU had higher co-infections compared to ICU and non-ICU patients as follows: bacterial (22.2%, 95% CI 16.1–28.4, I2 = 88% versus 14.8%, 95% CI 12.4–17.3, I2 = 99%), and fungal (9.6%, 95% CI 6.8–12.4, I2 = 74% versus 2.7%, 95% CI 0.0–3.8, I2 = 95%); however, there was an identical other respiratory viral co-infection proportion between all SARS-CoV-2 patients [(ICU and non-ICU) and the ICU only] (6.6%, 95% CI 0.0–11.3, I2 = 58% versus 6.6%, 95% CI 5.5–7.7, I2 = 96%). Funnel plots for possible publication bias for the pooled effect sizes of the prevalence of coinfections was asymmetrical on visual inspection, and Egger’s tests confirmed asymmetry (p values < 0.05). Conclusion: Bacterial co-infection is relatively high in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2, with little evidence of S. aureus playing a major role. Knowledge of the prevalence and type of co-infections in SARS-CoV-2 patients may have diagnostic and management implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Alhumaid
- Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-561-522-581
| | - Abbas Al Mutair
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.M.); (G.Y.A.)
- College of Nursing, Princess Norah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
- School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Zainab Al Alawi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abeer M. Alshawi
- Department of Pharmacy, King Fahad Hofuf Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36441, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Salamah A. Alomran
- Department of Pharmacy, King Fahad Hofuf Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36441, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Mohammed S. Almuhanna
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternity and Children Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36422, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Anwar A. Almuslim
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternity and Children Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36422, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | | | - Abdullah M. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmacy, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Al-Ahsa 36441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gasmelseed Y. Ahmed
- Research Center, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa 36342, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.M.); (G.Y.A.)
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Infectious Disease Unit, Specialty Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia;
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Awad Al-Omari
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh 11372, Saudi Arabia
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