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Liu J, Zhu G, Jia N, Wang W, Wang Y, Yin M, Jiang X, Huang Y, Zhang J. CD9 regulates keratinocyte migration by negatively modulating the sheddase activity of ADAM17. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:493-506. [PMID: 30745837 PMCID: PMC6367546 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.29404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CD9 is a trans-membrane protein, and has recently been implicated in different physiological and cellular processes, such as cell migration and adhesion. According to previous study, down-regulation of CD9 contributes to keratinocyte migration, critical for wound re-epithelialization. Nevertheless, it is widely believed that tetraspanin CD9 does not have ligands or function as the cell surface receptor, rather it is thought to associate with other transmembrane molecules, thereby mediate keratinocyte migration. Little is known about how CD9 associates with transmembrane molecules in migratory keratinocytes. Here, using confocal microscopy, we observed that tetraspanin CD9 and ADAM17 co-localized on the surface of keratinocytes in the course of wound repair in vivo and in vitro. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated a direct association between CD9 and ADAM17 in HaCaT cells and C57-MKs. Functional studies revealed that down-regulation or over-expression of CD9 exerted negative regulatory effects on ADAM17 sheddase activity. This activity is involved in CD9-regulated cell motility and migration. Further studies found that ADAM17 inhibitor-TAPI-2 or siADAM17 significantly abolished the enhanced effect of keratinocyte migration induced by CD9 down-regulation. Meanwhile, the sheddase activity of ADAM17 was inhibited by TAPI-2, which decreased this release of AREG and HB-EGF in CD9-silenced HaCat cells and C57-MKs. Importantly, neutralizing antibody against HB-EGF significant weakened keratinocyte migration and motility in CD9-silenced keratinocytes, and the inhibition of CD9-regulated keratinocyte migration by siADAM17 was rescued by addition of recombinant HB-EGF, activating EGFR/ERK pathway. Collectively, our results suggest that ADAM17 sheddase activity is activated by down-regulation of CD9, thereby mediating shedding of HB-EGF and activation of EGFR/ERK signaling, which crucially affects the keratinocyte migration and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guoqin Zhu
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Naixin Jia
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyi Wang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Meifang Yin
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xuping Jiang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuesheng Huang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaping Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Department of plastic Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Cabron AS, El Azzouzi K, Boss M, Arnold P, Schwarz J, Rosas M, Dobert JP, Pavlenko E, Schumacher N, Renné T, Taylor PR, Linder S, Rose-John S, Zunke F. Structural and Functional Analyses of the Shedding Protease ADAM17 in HoxB8-Immortalized Macrophages and Dendritic-like Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:3106-3118. [PMID: 30355783 PMCID: PMC6215251 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17 has been implicated in many shedding processes. Major substrates of ADAM17 are TNF-α, IL-6R, and ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor. The essential role of the protease is emphasized by the fact that ADAM17 deficiency is lethal in mice. To study ADAM17 function in vivo, we generated viable hypomorphic ADAM17 mice called ADAM17ex/ex mice. Recent studies indicated regulation of proteolytic ADAM17 activity by cellular processes such as cytoplasmic phosphorylation and removal of the prodomain by furin cleavage. Maturation and thus activation of ADAM17 is not fully understood. So far, studies of ADAM17 maturation have been mainly limited to mouse embryonic fibroblasts or transfected cell lines relying on nonphysiologic stimuli such as phorbol esters, thus making interpretation of the results difficult in a physiologic context. In this article, we present a robust cell system to study ADAM17 maturation and function in primary cells of the immune system. To this end, HoxB8 conditionally immortalized macrophage precursor cell lines were derived from bone marrow of wild-type and hypomorphic ADAM17ex/ex mice, which are devoid of measurable ADAM17 activity. ADAM17 mutants were stably expressed in macrophage precursor cells, differentiated to macrophages under different growth factor conditions (M-CSF versus GM-CSF), and analyzed for cellular localization, proteolytic activity, and podosome disassembly. Our study reveals maturation and activity of ADAM17 in a more physiological-immune cell system. We show that this cell system can be further exploited for genetic modifications of ADAM17 and for studying its function in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Cabron
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Karim El Azzouzi
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boss
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jeanette Schwarz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcela Rosas
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Philipp Dobert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Egor Pavlenko
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Neele Schumacher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Renné
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; and
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Friederike Zunke
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
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53
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Granato DC, E Costa RAP, Kawahara R, Yokoo S, Aragão AZ, Domingues RR, Pauletti BA, Honorato RV, Fattori J, Figueira ACM, Oliveira PSL, Consonni SR, Fernandes D, Laurindo F, Hansen HP, Paes Leme AF. Thioredoxin-1 Negatively Modulates ADAM17 Activity Through Direct Binding and Indirect Reductive Activity. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:717-734. [PMID: 29334756 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) modulates signaling events by releasing surface protein ectodomains such as TNFa and the EGFR-ligands. We have previously characterized cytoplasmic thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) as a partner of ADAM17 cytoplasmic domain. Still, the mechanism of ADAM17 regulation by Trx-1 is unknown, and it has become of paramount importance to assess the degree of influence that Trx-1 has on metalloproteinase ADAM17. RESULTS Combining discovery and targeted proteomic approaches, we uncovered that Trx-1 negatively regulates ADAM17 by direct and indirect effect. We performed cell-based assays with synthetic peptides and site-directed mutagenesis, and we demonstrated that the interaction interface of Trx-1 and ADAM17 is important for the negative regulation of ADAM17 activity. However, both Trx-1K72A and catalytic site mutant Trx-1C32/35S rescued ADAM17 activity, although the interaction with Trx-1C32/35S was unaffected, suggesting an indirect effect of Trx-1. We confirmed that the Trx-1C32/35S mutant showed diminished reductive capacity, explaining this indirect effect on increasing ADAM17 activity through oxidant levels. Interestingly, Trx-1K72A mutant showed similar oxidant levels to Trx-1C32/35S, even though its catalytic site was preserved. We further demonstrated that the general reactive oxygen species inhibitor, Nacetylcysteine (NAC), maintained the regulation of ADAM17 dependent of Trx-1 reductase activity levels; whereas the electron transport chain modulator, rotenone, abolished Trx-1 effect on ADAM17 activity. INNOVATION We show for the first time that the mechanism of ADAM17 regulation, Trx-1 dependent, can be by direct interaction and indirect effect, bringing new insights into the cross-talk between isomerases and mammalian metalloproteinases. CONCLUSION This unexpected Trx-1K72A behavior was due to more dimer formation and, consequently, the reduction of its Trx-1 reductase activity, evaluated through dimer verification, by gel filtration and mass spectrometry analysis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 717-734.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela C Granato
- 1 Laboratório Nacional de Biociências , LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rute A P E Costa
- 1 Laboratório Nacional de Biociências , LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Kawahara
- 1 Laboratório Nacional de Biociências , LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sami Yokoo
- 1 Laboratório Nacional de Biociências , LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Annelize Z Aragão
- 1 Laboratório Nacional de Biociências , LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca A Pauletti
- 1 Laboratório Nacional de Biociências , LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Fattori
- 1 Laboratório Nacional de Biociências , LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Silvio R Consonni
- 1 Laboratório Nacional de Biociências , LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Denise Fernandes
- 2 Instituto do Coração , Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Laurindo
- 2 Instituto do Coração , Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hinrich P Hansen
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Cologne , Cologne, Germany
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Mack KL, Ballinger MA, Phifer-Rixey M, Nachman MW. Gene regulation underlies environmental adaptation in house mice. Genome Res 2018; 28:1636-1645. [PMID: 30194096 PMCID: PMC6211637 DOI: 10.1101/gr.238998.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Changes in cis-regulatory regions are thought to play a major role in the genetic basis of adaptation. However, few studies have linked cis-regulatory variation with adaptation in natural populations. Here, using a combination of exome and RNA-seq data, we performed expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping and allele-specific expression analyses to study the genetic architecture of regulatory variation in wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) using individuals from five populations collected along a latitudinal cline in eastern North America. Mice in this transect showed clinal patterns of variation in several traits, including body mass. Mice were larger in more northern latitudes, in accordance with Bergmann's rule. We identified 17 genes where cis-eQTLs were clinal outliers and for which expression level was correlated with latitude. Among these clinal outliers, we identified two genes (Adam17 and Bcat2) with cis-eQTLs that were associated with adaptive body mass variation and for which expression is correlated with body mass both within and between populations. Finally, we performed a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify expression modules associated with measures of body size variation in these mice. These findings demonstrate the power of combining gene expression data with scans for selection to identify genes involved in adaptive phenotypic evolution, and also provide strong evidence for cis-regulatory elements as essential loci of environmental adaptation in natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya L Mack
- Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Mallory A Ballinger
- Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Megan Phifer-Rixey
- Department of Biology, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, New Jersey 07764, USA
| | - Michael W Nachman
- Department of Integrative Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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55
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Lin P, Chang CC, Yuan KC, Yeh HJ, Fang SU, Cheng T, Teng KT, Chao KC, Tang JH, Kao WY, Lin PY, Liu JS, Chang JS. Red Blood Cell Aggregation-Associated Dietary Pattern Predicts Hyperlipidemia and Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1127. [PMID: 30127325 PMCID: PMC6115951 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and iron status are interrelated and strongly influenced by dietary factors, and their alterations pose a great risk of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Currently, RBC aggregation-related dietary patterns remain unclear. This study investigated the dietary patterns that were associated with RBC aggregation and their predictive effects on hyperlipidemia and MetS. Anthropometric and blood biochemical data and food frequency questionnaires were collected from 212 adults. Dietary patterns were derived using reduced rank regression from 32 food groups. Adjusted linear regression showed that hepcidin, soluble CD163, and serum transferrin saturation (%TS) independently predicted RBC aggregation (all p < 0.01). Age-, sex-, and log-transformed body mass index (BMI)-adjusted prevalence rate ratio (PRR) showed a significant positive correlation between RBC aggregation and hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05). RBC aggregation and iron-related dietary pattern scores (high consumption of noodles and deep-fried foods and low intake of steamed, boiled, and raw food, dairy products, orange, red, and purple vegetables, white and light-green vegetables, seafood, and rice) were also significantly associated with hyperlipidemia (p-trend < 0.05) and MetS (p-trend = 0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, and log-transformed BMI. Our results may help dieticians develop dietary strategies for preventing dyslipidemia and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Ching Yuan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Jung Yeh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Uei Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Tiong Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Tse Teng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Ching Chao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Hsiang Tang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Yu Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Pao-Ying Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Shian Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Su Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Chinese Taipei Society for the Study of Obesity, CTSSO, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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Lichtenthaler SF, Lemberg MK, Fluhrer R. Proteolytic ectodomain shedding of membrane proteins in mammals-hardware, concepts, and recent developments. EMBO J 2018; 37:e99456. [PMID: 29976761 PMCID: PMC6068445 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytic removal of membrane protein ectodomains (ectodomain shedding) is a post-translational modification that controls levels and function of hundreds of membrane proteins. The contributing proteases, referred to as sheddases, act as important molecular switches in processes ranging from signaling to cell adhesion. When deregulated, ectodomain shedding is linked to pathologies such as inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. While proteases of the "a disintegrin and metalloprotease" (ADAM) and "beta-site APP cleaving enzyme" (BACE) families are widely considered as sheddases, in recent years a much broader range of proteases, including intramembrane and soluble proteases, were shown to catalyze similar cleavage reactions. This review demonstrates that shedding is a fundamental process in cell biology and discusses the current understanding of sheddases and their substrates, molecular mechanisms and cellular localizations, as well as physiological functions of protein ectodomain shedding. Moreover, we provide an operational definition of shedding and highlight recent conceptual advances in the field. While new developments in proteomics facilitate substrate discovery, we expect that shedding is not a rare exception, but rather the rule for many membrane proteins, and that many more interesting shedding functions await discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan F Lichtenthaler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, and Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Center for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Marius K Lemberg
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Regina Fluhrer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Biomedizinisches Centrum (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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57
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Oria VO, Lopatta P, Schilling O. The pleiotropic roles of ADAM9 in the biology of solid tumors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2291-2301. [PMID: 29550974 PMCID: PMC11105608 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A disintegrin and a metalloprotease (ADAM) 9 is a metzincin cell-surface protease involved in several biological processes such as myogenesis, fertilization, cell migration, inflammatory response, proliferation, and cell-cell interactions. ADAM9 has been found over-expressed in several solid tumors entities such as glioma, melanoma, prostate cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, gastric, breast, lung, and liver cancers. Immunohistochemical analyses highlight ADAM9 expression by actual cancer cells and associate its abundant presence with clinicopathological features such as shortened overall survival, poor tumor grade, de-differentiation, therapy resistance, and metastasis formation. In each of these tumors, ADAM9 may contribute to tumor biology via proteolytic or non-proteolytic mechanisms. For example, in liver cancer, ADAM9 has been found to shed MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A, contributing towards the evasion of tumor immunity. ADAM9 may also contribute to tumor biology in non-proteolytic ways probably through interaction with different integrins. For example, in melanoma, the interaction between ADAM9 and β1 integrins facilitates tumor stroma cross talks, which then promotes invasion and metastasis via the activation of MMP1 and MMP2. In breast cancer, the interaction between β1 integrins on endothelial cells and ADAM9 on tumor cells facilitate tumor cell extravasation and invasion to distant sites. This review summarizes the present knowledge on ADAM9 in solid cancers, and the different mechanisms which it employ to drive tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor O Oria
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paul Lopatta
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Phosphorylation of iRhom2 Controls Stimulated Proteolytic Shedding by the Metalloprotease ADAM17/TACE. Cell Rep 2018; 21:745-757. [PMID: 29045841 PMCID: PMC5656746 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell surface metalloproteases coordinate signaling during development, tissue homeostasis, and disease. TACE (TNF-α-converting enzyme), is responsible for cleavage (“shedding”) of membrane-tethered signaling molecules, including the cytokine TNF, and activating ligands of the EGFR. The trafficking of TACE within the secretory pathway requires its binding to iRhom2, which mediates the exit of TACE from the endoplasmic reticulum. An important, but mechanistically unclear, feature of TACE biology is its ability to be stimulated rapidly on the cell surface by numerous inflammatory and growth-promoting agents. Here, we report a role for iRhom2 in TACE stimulation on the cell surface. TACE shedding stimuli trigger MAP kinase-dependent phosphorylation of iRhom2 N-terminal cytoplasmic tail. This recruits 14-3-3 proteins, enforcing the dissociation of TACE from complexes with iRhom2, promoting the cleavage of TACE substrates. Our data reveal that iRhom2 controls multiple aspects of TACE biology, including stimulated shedding on the cell surface. iRhom2 is phosphorylated in response to stimuli that activate the sheddase TACE Blocking iRhom phosphorylation represses TACE stimulated shedding Phosphorylated iRhom2 recruits 14-3-3 and dissociates from TACE, enabling shedding iRhom2 is thus a signal integrator and transducer of stimulated TACE shedding
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59
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Xu J, Sriramula S, Lazartigues E. Excessive Glutamate Stimulation Impairs ACE2 Activity Through ADAM17-Mediated Shedding in Cultured Cortical Neurons. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018; 38:1235-1243. [PMID: 29766392 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-018-0591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The excitotoxicity of glutamate plays an important role in the progression of various neurological disorders via participating in inflammation and neuronal damage. In this study, we identified the role of excessive glutamate stimulation in the modulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2), a critical component in the compensatory axis of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). In primary cultured cortical neurons, high concentration of glutamate (100 µM) significantly reduced the enzymatic activity of ACE2. The elevated activity of ADAM17, a member of the 'A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease' (ADAM) family, was found to contribute to this glutamate-induced ACE2 down-regulation. The decrease of ACE2 activity could be prevented by pre-treatment with antagonists targeting ionotropic glutamate receptors. In addition, the glutamate-induced decrease in ACE2 activity was significantly attenuated when the neurons were co-treated with MitoTEMPOL or blockers that target oxidative stress-mediated signaling pathway. In summary, our study reveals a strong relationship between excessive glutamate stimulation and ADAM17-mediated impairment in ACE2 activity, suggesting a possible cross-talk between glutamate-induced excitotoxicity and dysregulated RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Xu
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, Room 5218, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Srinivas Sriramula
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, Room 5218, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Eric Lazartigues
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, Room 5218, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. .,Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. .,Neurosciences Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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60
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Arkun Y, Yasemi M. Dynamics and control of the ERK signaling pathway: Sensitivity, bistability, and oscillations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195513. [PMID: 29630631 PMCID: PMC5891012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell signaling is the process by which extracellular information is transmitted into the cell to perform useful biological functions. The ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) signaling controls several cellular processes such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The ERK signaling pathway considered in this work starts with an extracellular stimulus and ends with activated (double phosphorylated) ERK which gets translocated into the nucleus. We model and analyze this complex pathway by decomposing it into three functional subsystems. The first subsystem spans the initial part of the pathway from the extracellular growth factor to the formation of the SOS complex, ShC-Grb2-SOS. The second subsystem includes the activation of Ras which is mediated by the SOS complex. This is followed by the MAPK subsystem (or the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway) which produces the double phosphorylated ERK upon being activated by Ras. Although separate models exist in the literature at the subsystems level, a comprehensive model for the complete system including the important regulatory feedback loops is missing. Our dynamic model combines the existing subsystem models and studies their steady-state and dynamic interactions under feedback. We establish conditions under which bistability and oscillations exist for this important pathway. In particular, we show how the negative and positive feedback loops affect the dynamic characteristics that determine the cellular outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaman Arkun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Rumeli Feneri Yolu, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Mohammadreza Yasemi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Rumeli Feneri Yolu, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
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Fine-Tuning Limited Proteolysis: A Major Role for Regulated Site-Specific O-Glycosylation. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 43:269-284. [PMID: 29506880 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Limited proteolytic processing is an essential and ubiquitous post-translational modification (PTM) affecting secreted proteins; failure to regulate the process is often associated with disease. Glycosylation is also a ubiquitous protein PTM and site-specific O-glycosylation in close proximity to sites of proteolysis can regulate and direct the activity of proprotein convertases, a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs), and metalloproteinases affecting the activation or inactivation of many classes of proteins, including G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, we summarize the emerging data that suggest O-glycosylation to be a key regulator of limited proteolysis, and highlight the potential for crosstalk between multiple PTMs.
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62
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Redundancy of protein disulfide isomerases in the catalysis of the inactivating disulfide switch in A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 17. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1103. [PMID: 29348576 PMCID: PMC5773583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) can cause the fast release of growth factors and inflammatory mediators from the cell surface. Its activity has to be turned on which occurs by various stimuli. The active form can be inactivated by a structural change in its ectodomain, related to the pattern of the formed disulphide bridges. The switch-off is executed by protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) that catalyze an isomerization of two disulfide bridges and thereby cause a disulfide switch. We demonstrate that the integrity of the CGHC-motif within the active site of PDIs is indispensable. In particular, no major variation is apparent in the activities of the two catalytic domains of PDIA6. The affinities between PDIA1, PDIA3, PDIA6 and the targeted domain of ADAM17 are all in the nanomolar range and display no significant differences. The redundancy between PDIs and their disulfide switch activity in ectodomains of transmembrane proteins found in vitro appears to be a basic characteristic. However, different PDIs might be required in vivo for disulfide switches in different tissues and under different cellular and physiological situations.
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63
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The EGFR-ADAM17 Axis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Cystic Fibrosis Lung Pathology. Mediators Inflamm 2018. [PMID: 29540993 PMCID: PMC5818912 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1067134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) share molecular mechanisms that cause the pathological symptoms they have in common. Here, we review evidence suggesting that hyperactivity of the EGFR/ADAM17 axis plays a role in the development of chronic lung disease in both CF and COPD. The ubiquitous transmembrane protease A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) forms a functional unit with the EGF receptor (EGFR), in a feedback loop interaction labeled the ADAM17/EGFR axis. In airway epithelial cells, ADAM17 sheds multiple soluble signaling proteins by proteolysis, including EGFR ligands such as amphiregulin (AREG), and proinflammatory mediators such as the interleukin 6 coreceptor (IL-6R). This activity can be enhanced by injury, toxins, and receptor-mediated external triggers. In addition to intracellular kinases, the extracellular glutathione-dependent redox potential controls ADAM17 shedding. Thus, the epithelial ADAM17/EGFR axis serves as a receptor of incoming luminal stress signals, relaying these to neighboring and underlying cells, which plays an important role in the resolution of lung injury and inflammation. We review evidence that congenital CFTR deficiency in CF and reduced CFTR activity in chronic COPD may cause enhanced ADAM17/EGFR signaling through a defect in glutathione secretion. In future studies, these complex interactions and the options for pharmaceutical interventions will be further investigated.
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64
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Schaal JB, Maretzky T, Tran DQ, Tran PA, Tongaonkar P, Blobel CP, Ouellette AJ, Selsted ME. Macrocyclic θ-defensins suppress tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) shedding by inhibition of TNF-α-converting enzyme. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:2725-2734. [PMID: 29317500 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Theta-defensins (θ-defensins) are macrocyclic peptides expressed exclusively in granulocytes and selected epithelia of Old World monkeys. They contribute to anti-pathogen host defense responses by directly killing a diverse range of microbes. Of note, θ-defensins also modulate microbe-induced inflammation by affecting the production of soluble tumor necrosis factor (sTNF) and other proinflammatory cytokines. Here, we report that natural rhesus macaque θ-defensin (RTD) isoforms regulate sTNF cellular release by inhibiting TNF-α-converting enzyme (TACE; also known as adisintegrin and metalloprotease 17; ADAM17), the primary pro-TNF sheddase. Dose-dependent inhibition of cellular TACE activity by RTDs occurred when leukocytes were stimulated with live Escherichia coli cells as well as numerous Toll-like receptor agonists. Moreover, the relative inhibitory potencies of the RTD isoforms strongly correlated with their suppression of TNF release by stimulated blood leukocytes and THP-1 monocytes. RTD isoforms also inhibited ADAM10, a sheddase closely related to TACE. TACE inhibition was abrogated by introducing a single opening in the RTD-1 backbone, demonstrating that the intact macrocycle is required for enzyme inhibition. Enzymologic analyses showed that RTD-1 is a fast binding, reversible, non-competitive inhibitor of TACE. We conclude that θ-defensin-mediated inhibition of pro-TNF proteolysis by TACE represents a rapid mechanism for the regulation of sTNF and TNF-dependent inflammatory pathways. Molecules with structural and functional features mimicking those of θ-defensins may have clinical utility as TACE inhibitors for managing TNF-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Schaal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021; Inflammation Program and Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Dat Q Tran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Patti A Tran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Prasad Tongaonkar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10021
| | - André J Ouellette
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033
| | - Michael E Selsted
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033.
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65
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Li R, Wang T, Walia K, Gao B, Krepinsky JC. ADAM17 activation and regulation of profibrotic responses by high glucose requires its C-terminus and FAK kinase. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.208629. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.208629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular matrix accumulation is the hallmark of diabetic nephropathy. The metalloprotease ADAM17 mediates high glucose (HG)-induced matrix production by kidney mesangial cells through release of ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor. Here we study the mechanism by which HG activates ADAM17. We find that the C-terminus is essential for ADAM17 activation and the profibrotic response to HG. In the C-terminus, Src-mediated Y702 phosphorylation and PI3K/MEK/Erk-mediated T735 phosphorylation are critical to ADAM17 activation, but play divergent roles in ADAM17 trafficking in response to HG. While T735 phosphorylation is required for the HG-induced increase in cell surface mature ADAM17, Y702 phosphorylation is dispensable. Src, however, enables trafficking independently of its phosphorylation of ADAM17. The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase FAK is a central mediator of these processes. These data not only support a critical role for the C-terminus in ADAM17 activation and downstream profibrotic responses to HG, but also highlight FAK as a potential alternate therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzhong Li
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Tony Wang
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Khyati Walia
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Bo Gao
- Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Wilson JL, Kefaloyianni E, Stopfer L, Harrison C, Sabbisetti VS, Fraenkel E, Lauffenburger DA, Herrlich A. Functional Genomics Approach Identifies Novel Signaling Regulators of TGFα Ectodomain Shedding. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:147-161. [PMID: 29018056 PMCID: PMC5859574 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ectodomain shedding of cell-surface precursor proteins by metalloproteases generates important cellular signaling molecules. Of importance for disease is the release of ligands that activate the EGFR, such as TGFα, which is mostly carried out by ADAM17 [a member of the A-disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) domain family]. EGFR ligand shedding has been linked to many diseases, in particular cancer development, growth and metastasis, as well as resistance to cancer therapeutics. Excessive EGFR ligand release can outcompete therapeutic EGFR inhibition or the inhibition of other growth factor pathways by providing bypass signaling via EGFR activation. Drugging metalloproteases directly have failed clinically because it indiscriminately affected shedding of numerous substrates. It is therefore essential to identify regulators for EGFR ligand cleavage. Here, integration of a functional shRNA genomic screen, computational network analysis, and dedicated validation tests succeeded in identifying several key signaling pathways as novel regulators of TGFα shedding in cancer cells. Most notably, a cluster of genes with NFκB pathway regulatory functions was found to strongly influence TGFα release, albeit independent of their NFκB regulatory functions. Inflammatory regulators thus also govern cancer cell growth-promoting ectodomain cleavage, lending mechanistic understanding to the well-known connection between inflammation and cancer.Implications: Using genomic screens and network analysis, this study defines targets that regulate ectodomain shedding and suggests new treatment opportunities for EGFR-driven cancers. Mol Cancer Res; 16(1); 147-61. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Wilson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Eirini Kefaloyianni
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lauren Stopfer
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Christina Harrison
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ernest Fraenkel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas A Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Andreas Herrlich
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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Rittig N, Svart M, Jessen N, Møller N, Møller HJ, Grønbæk H. Macrophage activation marker sCD163 correlates with accelerated lipolysis following LPS exposure: a human-randomised clinical trial. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:107-114. [PMID: 29295869 PMCID: PMC5754508 DOI: 10.1530/ec-17-0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage activation determined by levels of soluble sCD163 is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This suggests that macrophage activation is involved in the pathogenesis of conditions is characterised by adaptions in the lipid metabolism. Since sCD163 is shed to serum by inflammatory signals including lipopolysaccharides (LPS, endotoxin), we investigated sCD163 and correlations with lipid metabolism following LPS exposure. METHODS Eight healthy male subjects were investigated on two separate occasions: (i) following an LPS exposure and (ii) following saline exposure. Each study day consisted of a four-hour non-insulin-stimulated period followed by a two-hour hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp period. A 3H-palmitate tracer was used to calculate the rate of appearance (Rapalmitate). Blood samples were consecutively obtained throughout each study day. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue was obtained for western blotting. RESULTS We observed a significant two-fold increase in plasma sCD163 levels following LPS exposure (P < 0.001), and sCD163 concentrations correlated positively with the plasma concentration of free fatty acids, Rapalmitate, lipid oxidation rates and phosphorylation of the hormone-sensitive lipase at serine 660 in adipose tissue (P < 0.05, all). Furthermore, sCD163 concentrations correlated positively with plasma concentrations of cortisol, glucagon, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 (P < 0.05, all). CONCLUSION We observed a strong correlation between sCD163 and stimulation of lipolysis and fat oxidation following LPS exposure. These findings support preexisting theory that inflammation and macrophage activation play a significant role in lipid metabolic adaptions under conditions such as obesity, DM2 and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Rittig
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology (MEA) and Medical Research LaboratoryAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mads Svart
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology (MEA) and Medical Research LaboratoryAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Niels Jessen
- Research Laboratory for Biochemical PathologyInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Niels Møller
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology (MEA) and Medical Research LaboratoryAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Holger J Møller
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry Aarhus University HospitalAarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology and GastroenterologyAarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Seegar TCM, Killingsworth LB, Saha N, Meyer PA, Patra D, Zimmerman B, Janes PW, Rubinstein E, Nikolov DB, Skiniotis G, Kruse AC, Blacklow SC. Structural Basis for Regulated Proteolysis by the α-Secretase ADAM10. Cell 2017; 171:1638-1648.e7. [PMID: 29224781 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cleavage of membrane-anchored proteins by ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) endopeptidases plays a key role in a wide variety of biological signal transduction and protein turnover processes. Among ADAM family members, ADAM10 stands out as particularly important because it is both responsible for regulated proteolysis of Notch receptors and catalyzes the non-amyloidogenic α-secretase cleavage of the Alzheimer's precursor protein (APP). We present here the X-ray crystal structure of the ADAM10 ectodomain, which, together with biochemical and cellular studies, reveals how access to the enzyme active site is regulated. The enzyme adopts an unanticipated architecture in which the C-terminal cysteine-rich domain partially occludes the enzyme active site, preventing unfettered substrate access. Binding of a modulatory antibody to the cysteine-rich domain liberates the catalytic domain from autoinhibition, enhancing enzymatic activity toward a peptide substrate. Together, these studies reveal a mechanism for regulation of ADAM activity and offer a roadmap for its modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom C M Seegar
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lauren B Killingsworth
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nayanendu Saha
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Peter A Meyer
- SBGrid Initiative, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dhabaleswar Patra
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brandon Zimmerman
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter W Janes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Eric Rubinstein
- Inserm and Université Paris-Sud, Institut André Lwoff, Villejuif, France
| | - Dimitar B Nikolov
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen C Blacklow
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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69
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Recent Advances in ADAM17 Research: A Promising Target for Cancer and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:9673537. [PMID: 29230082 PMCID: PMC5688260 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9673537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery, ADAM17, also known as TNFα converting enzyme or TACE, is now known to process over 80 different substrates. Many of these substrates are mediators of cancer and inflammation. The field of ADAM metalloproteinases is at a crossroad with many of the new potential therapeutic agents for ADAM17 advancing into the clinic. Researchers have now developed potential drugs for ADAM17 that are selective and do not have the side effects which were seen in earlier chemical entities that targeted this enzyme. ADAM17 inhibitors have broad therapeutic potential, with properties ranging from tumor immunosurveillance and overcoming drug and radiation resistance in cancer, as treatments for cardiac hypertrophy and inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. This review focuses on substrates and inhibitors identified more recently for ADAM17 and their role in cancer and inflammation.
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70
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Schäfer M, Granato DC, Krossa S, Bartels AK, Yokoo S, Düsterhöft S, Koudelka T, Scheidig AJ, Tholey A, Paes Leme AF, Grötzinger J, Lorenzen I. GRP78 protects a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 against protein-disulfide isomerase A6 catalyzed inactivation. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:3567-3587. [PMID: 28949004 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The shedding of ectodomains is a crucial mechanism in many physiological and pathological events. A disintegrin and metalloprotease-17 (ADAM17) is a key sheddase involved in essential processes, such as development, regeneration, and immune defense. ADAM17 exists in two conformations which differ in their disulfide connection in the membrane-proximal domain (MPD). Protein-disulfide isomerases (PDIs) on the cell surface convert the open MPD into a rigid closed form, which corresponds to inactive ADAM17. ADAM17 is expressed in its open activatable form in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and consequently must be protected against ER-resident PDI activity. Here, we show that the chaperone 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) protects the MPD against PDI-dependent disulfide-bond isomerization by binding to this domain and, thereby, preventing ADAM17 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Schäfer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela C Granato
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sebastian Krossa
- Department of Structural Biology, Institute of Zoology, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Sami Yokoo
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Tomas Koudelka
- Division of Systematic Proteome Research, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Axel J Scheidig
- Department of Structural Biology, Institute of Zoology, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Division of Systematic Proteome Research, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Adriana F Paes Leme
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Joachim Grötzinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Inken Lorenzen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Structural Biology, Institute of Zoology, Kiel, Germany
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Reiss K, Bhakdi S. The plasma membrane: Penultimate regulator of ADAM sheddase function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017. [PMID: 28624437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ADAM10 and ADAM17 are the best characterized members of the ADAM (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase) - family of transmembrane proteases. Both are involved diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes. ADAMs are known to be regulated by posttranslational mechanisms. However, emerging evidence indicates that the plasma membrane with its unique dynamic properties may additionally play an important role in controlling sheddase function. SCOPE OF REVIEW Membrane events that could contribute to regulation of ADAM-function are summarized. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Surface expression of peptidolytic activity should be differentiated from ADAM-sheddase function since the latter additionally requires that the protease finds its substrate in the lipid bilayer. We propose that this is achieved through horizontal and vertical reorganization of membrane nanoarchitecture coordinately occurring at the sites of sheddase activation. Reshuffling of nanodomains thereby guides traffic of enzyme and substrate to each other. For ADAM17 phosphatidylserine exposure is required to then induce its shedding function. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The novel concept that physicochemical properties of the lipid bilayer govern the action of ADAM-proteases may be extendable to other functional proteins that act at the cell surface. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteolysis as a Regulatory Event in Pathophysiology edited by Stefan Rose-John.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Reiss
- Dept. of Dermatology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Sucharit Bhakdi
- Dept. of Dermatology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Grötzinger J, Lorenzen I, Düsterhöft S. Molecular insights into the multilayered regulation of ADAM17: The role of the extracellular region. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:2088-2095. [PMID: 28571693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to many other signalling mechanisms shedding of membrane-anchored proteins is an irreversible process. A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17 is one of the major sheddases involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes including regeneration, differentiation, and cancer progression. Due to its central role in signalling the shedding activity of ADAM17 is tightly regulated, especially on the cell surface, where shedding events take place. The activity of ADAM17 can be subdivided into a catalytic activity and the actual shedding activity. Whereas the catalytic activity is constitutively present, the shedding activity has to be induced and is tightly controlled to prevent pathological situations induced by the release of its substrates. The regulation of the shedding activity of ADAM17 is multilayered and different regions of the protease are involved. Intriguingly, its extracellular domains play crucial roles in different regulatory mechanisms. We will discuss the role of these domains in the control of ADAM17 activity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteolysis as a Regulatory Event in Pathophysiology edited by Stefan Rose-John.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Grötzinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Inken Lorenzen
- Centre of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Am Botanischen Garten 1-9, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
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73
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Mishra HK, Ma J, Walcheck B. Ectodomain Shedding by ADAM17: Its Role in Neutrophil Recruitment and the Impairment of This Process during Sepsis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:138. [PMID: 28487846 PMCID: PMC5403810 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are specialized at killing bacteria and are recruited from the blood in a rapid and robust manner during infection. A cascade of adhesion events direct their attachment to the vascular endothelium and migration into the underlying tissue. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) functions in the cell membrane of neutrophils and endothelial cells by cleaving its substrates, typically in a cis manner, at an extracellular site proximal to the cell membrane. This process is referred to as ectodomain shedding and it results in the downregulation of various adhesion molecules and receptors, and the release of immune regulating factors. ADAM17 sheddase activity is induced upon cell activation and rapidly modulates intravascular adhesion events in response to diverse environmental stimuli. During sepsis, an excessive systemic inflammatory response against infection, neutrophil migration becomes severely impaired. This involves ADAM17 as indicated by increased levels of its cleaved substrates in the blood of septic patients, and that ADAM17 inactivation improves neutrophil recruitment and bacterial clearance in animal models of sepsis. Excessive ADAM17 sheddase activity during sepsis thus appears to undermine in a direct and indirect manner the necessary balance between intravascular adhesion and de-adhesion events that regulate neutrophil migration into sites of infection. This review provides an overview of ADAM17 function and regulation and its potential contribution to neutrophil dysfunction during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant K Mishra
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Bruce Walcheck
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of MinnesotaSt. Paul, MN, USA
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Grieve AG, Xu H, Künzel U, Bambrough P, Sieber B, Freeman M. Phosphorylation of iRhom2 at the plasma membrane controls mammalian TACE-dependent inflammatory and growth factor signalling. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28432785 PMCID: PMC5436907 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytic cleavage and release from the cell surface of membrane-tethered ligands is an important mechanism of regulating intercellular signalling. TACE is a major shedding protease, responsible for the liberation of the inflammatory cytokine TNFα and ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor. iRhoms, catalytically inactive members of the rhomboid-like superfamily, have been shown to control the ER-to-Golgi transport and maturation of TACE. Here, we reveal that iRhom2 remains associated with TACE throughout the secretory pathway, and is stabilised at the cell surface by this interaction. At the plasma membrane, ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation and 14-3-3 protein binding of the cytoplasmic amino-terminus of iRhom2 alter its interaction with mature TACE, thereby licensing its proteolytic activity. We show that this molecular mechanism is responsible for triggering inflammatory responses in primary mouse macrophages. Overall, iRhom2 binds to TACE throughout its lifecycle, implying that iRhom2 is a primary regulator of stimulated cytokine and growth factor signalling. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23968.001 Injury or infection can cause tissues in the body to become inflamed. The immune system triggers this inflammation to help repair the injury or fight the infection. A signal molecule known as TNF – which is produced by immune cells called macrophages – triggers inflammation. This protein is normally attached to the surface of the macrophage, and it only activates inflammation once it has been cut free. An enzyme called TACE cuts and releases TNF from the surface of macrophages. This enzyme is made inside the cell and is then transported to the surface. On the way, TACE matures from an inactive form to a fully functional enzyme. Previous work revealed that a protein called iRhom2 controls TACE maturation, but it has been unclear whether iRhom2 affects TACE in any additional ways. Grieve et al. studied the relationship between iRhom2 and TACE in more detail. The experiments show two new roles for iRhom2: in protecting TACE from being destroyed at the cell surface, and prompting TACE to release TNF to trigger inflammation. Injury or infection causes small molecules called phosphate groups to be attached to iRhom2 in macrophages, which causes TACE to release TNF. The findings of Grieve et al. provide the first evidence that iRhom2 influences the activity of TACE throughout the enzyme’s lifetime. Excessive inflammation, often triggered by the uncontrolled release of TNF, can lead to rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and many other diseases. Therefore, iRhom2 could be a promising new target for anti-inflammatory drugs that may help to treat these conditions. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23968.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Graham Grieve
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrike Künzel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Bambrough
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Sieber
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Freeman
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Buchanan PC, Boylan KLM, Walcheck B, Heinze R, Geller MA, Argenta PA, Skubitz APN. Ectodomain shedding of the cell adhesion molecule Nectin-4 in ovarian cancer is mediated by ADAM10 and ADAM17. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:6339-6351. [PMID: 28232483 PMCID: PMC5391762 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.746859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that the cell adhesion molecule Nectin-4 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer tumors, and its cleaved extracellular domain can be detected in the serum of ovarian cancer patients. The ADAM (adisintegrin and metalloproteinase) proteases are involved in ectodomain cleavage of transmembrane proteins, and ADAM17 is known to cleave Nectin-4 in breast cancer. However, the mechanism of Nectin-4 cleavage in ovarian cancer has not yet been determined. Analysis of ovarian cancer gene microarray data showed that higher expression of Nectin-4, ADAM10, and ADAM17 is associated with significantly decreased progression-free survival. We quantified Nectin-4 shedding from the surface of ovarian cancer cells after stimulation with lysophosphatidic acid. We report that ADAM17 and ADAM10 cleave Nectin-4 and release soluble Nectin-4 (sN4). Small molecule inhibitors and siRNA knockdown of both ADAM proteases confirmed these results. In matched samples from 11 high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients, we detected 2-20-fold more sN4 in ascites fluid than serum. Co-incubation of ovarian cancer cells with ascites fluid significantly increased sN4 shedding, which could be blocked using a dual inhibitor of ADAM10 and ADAM17. Furthermore, we detected RNA for Nectin-4, ADAM10, and ADAM17 in primary ovarian carcinoma tumors, secondary omental metastases, and ascites cells isolated from serous ovarian cancer patients. In a signaling pathway screen, lysophosphatidic acid increased phosphorylation of AKT, EGF receptor, ERK1/2, JNK1/2/3, and c-Jun. Understanding the function of Nectin-4 shedding in ovarian cancer progression is critical to facilitate its development as both a serum biomarker and a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruce Walcheck
- From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
- Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Rachel Heinze
- From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Melissa A Geller
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Peter A Argenta
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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76
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Characterization of the catalytic properties of the membrane-anchored metalloproteinase ADAM9 in cell-based assays. Biochem J 2017; 474:1467-1479. [PMID: 28264989 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
ADAM9 (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 9) is a membrane-anchored metalloproteinase that has been implicated in pathological retinal neovascularization and in tumor progression. ADAM9 has constitutive catalytic activity in both biochemical and cell-based assays and can cleave several membrane proteins, including epidermal growth factor and Ephrin receptor B4; yet little is currently known about the catalytic properties of ADAM9 and its post-translational regulation and inhibitor profile in cell-based assays. To address this question, we monitored processing of the membrane-anchored Ephrin receptor B4 (EphB4) by co-expressing ADAM9, with the catalytically inactive ADAM9 E > A mutant serving as a negative control. We found that ADAM9-dependent shedding of EphB4 was not stimulated by three commonly employed activators of ADAM-dependent ectodomain shedding: phorbol esters, pervanadate or calcium ionophores. With respect to the inhibitor profile, we found that ADAM9 was inhibited by the hydroxamate-based metalloprotease inhibitors marimastat, TAPI-2, BB94, GM6001 and GW280264X, and by 10 nM of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-3, but not by up to 20 nM of TIMP-1 or -2. Additionally, we screened a non-hydroxamate small-molecule library for novel ADAM9 inhibitors and identified four compounds that selectively inhibited ADAM9-dependent proteolysis over ADAM10- or ADAM17-dependent processing. Taken together, the present study provides new information about the molecular fingerprint of ADAM9 in cell-based assays by showing that it is not stimulated by strong activators of ectodomain shedding and by defining a characteristic inhibitor profile. The identification of novel non-hydroxamate inhibitors of ADAM9 could provide the basis for designing more selective compounds that block the contribution of ADAM9 to pathological neovascularization and cancer.
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77
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Fine Tuning Cell Migration by a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:9621724. [PMID: 28260841 PMCID: PMC5316459 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9621724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is an instrumental process involved in organ development, tissue homeostasis, and various physiological processes and also in numerous pathologies. Both basic cell migration and migration towards chemotactic stimulus consist of changes in cell polarity and cytoskeletal rearrangement, cell detachment from, invasion through, and reattachment to their neighboring cells, and numerous interactions with the extracellular matrix. The different steps of immune cell, tissue cell, or cancer cell migration are tightly coordinated in time and place by growth factors, cytokines/chemokines, adhesion molecules, and receptors for these ligands. This review describes how a disintegrin and metalloproteinases interfere with several steps of cell migration, either by proteolytic cleavage of such molecules or by functions independent of proteolytic activity.
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78
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Smulski CR, Kury P, Seidel LM, Staiger HS, Edinger AK, Willen L, Seidl M, Hess H, Salzer U, Rolink AG, Rizzi M, Schneider P, Eibel H. BAFF- and TACI-Dependent Processing of BAFFR by ADAM Proteases Regulates the Survival of B Cells. Cell Rep 2017; 18:2189-2202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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79
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Li X, Maretzky T, Perez-Aguilar JM, Monette S, Weskamp G, Le Gall S, Beutler B, Weinstein H, Blobel CP. Structural modeling defines transmembrane residues in ADAM17 that are crucial for Rhbdf2-ADAM17-dependent proteolysis. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:868-878. [PMID: 28104813 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.196436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) controls the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα, also known as TNF) and is crucial for protecting the skin and intestinal barrier by proteolytic activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands. The seven-membrane-spanning protein called inactive rhomboid 2 (Rhbdf2; also known as iRhom2) is required for ADAM17-dependent TNFα shedding and crosstalk with the EGFR, and a point mutation (known as sinecure, sin) in the first transmembrane domain (TMD) of Rhbdf2 (Rhbdf2sin) blocks TNFα shedding, yet little is known about the underlying mechanism. Here, we used a structure-function analysis informed by structural modeling to evaluate the interaction between the TMD of ADAM17 and the first TMD of Rhbdf2, and the role of this interaction in Rhbdf2-ADAM17-dependent shedding. Moreover, we show that double mutant mice that are homozygous for Rhbdf2sin/sin and lack Rhbdf1 closely resemble Rhbdf1/2-/- double knockout mice, highlighting the severe functional impact of the Rhbdf2sin/sin mutation on ADAM17 during mouse development. Taken together, these findings provide new mechanistic and conceptual insights into the critical role of the TMDs of ADAM17 and Rhbdf2 in the regulation of the ADAM17 and EGFR, and ADAM17 and TNFα signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Dept. of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jose Manuel Perez-Aguilar
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.,IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, NY 10598, USA
| | - Sébastien Monette
- Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Gisela Weskamp
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Sylvain Le Gall
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Harel Weinstein
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA .,Dept. of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
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80
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Pietzner M, Engelmann B, Kacprowski T, Golchert J, Dirk AL, Hammer E, Iwen KA, Nauck M, Wallaschofski H, Führer D, Münte TF, Friedrich N, Völker U, Homuth G, Brabant G. Plasma proteome and metabolome characterization of an experimental human thyrotoxicosis model. BMC Med 2017; 15:6. [PMID: 28065164 PMCID: PMC5220622 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determinations of thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) represent the gold standard in evaluation of thyroid function. To screen for novel peripheral biomarkers of thyroid function and to characterize FT4-associated physiological signatures in human plasma we used an untargeted OMICS approach in a thyrotoxicosis model. METHODS A sample of 16 healthy young men were treated with levothyroxine for 8 weeks and plasma was sampled before the intake was started as well as at two points during treatment and after its completion, respectively. Mass spectrometry-derived metabolite and protein levels were related to FT4 serum concentrations using mixed-effect linear regression models in a robust setting. To compile a molecular signature discriminating between thyrotoxicosis and euthyroidism, a random forest was trained and validated in a two-stage cross-validation procedure. RESULTS Despite the absence of obvious clinical symptoms, mass spectrometry analyses detected 65 metabolites and 63 proteins exhibiting significant associations with serum FT4. A subset of 15 molecules allowed a robust and good prediction of thyroid hormone function (AUC = 0.86) without prior information on TSH or FT4. Main FT4-associated signatures indicated increased resting energy expenditure, augmented defense against systemic oxidative stress, decreased lipoprotein particle levels, and increased levels of complement system proteins and coagulation factors. Further association findings question the reliability of kidney function assessment under hyperthyroid conditions and suggest a link between hyperthyroidism and cardiovascular diseases via increased dimethylarginine levels. CONCLUSION Our results emphasize the power of untargeted OMICs approaches to detect novel pathways of thyroid hormone action. Furthermore, beyond TSH and FT4, we demonstrated the potential of such analyses to identify new molecular signatures for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disorders. This study was registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) [DRKS00011275] on the 16th of November 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 15a, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 15a, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janine Golchert
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 15a, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna-Luise Dirk
- Medical Clinic I, University of Lübeck, Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Zentralklinikum (Haus 40), 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Elke Hammer
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 15a, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - K. Alexander Iwen
- Medical Clinic I, University of Lübeck, Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Zentralklinikum (Haus 40), 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henri Wallaschofski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- Private Practice Endocrinology, Krämpferstraße 6, 99094 Erfurt, Germany
| | - Dagmar Führer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 169, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 57, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 15a, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
- ZIK-FunGene (Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz - Funktionelle Genomforschung), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 15a, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
- ZIK-FunGene (Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz - Funktionelle Genomforschung), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Brabant
- Medical Clinic I, University of Lübeck, Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Zentralklinikum (Haus 40), 23538 Lübeck, Germany
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Discovery of an enzyme and substrate selective inhibitor of ADAM10 using an exosite-binding glycosylated substrate. Sci Rep 2016; 6:11. [PMID: 28442704 PMCID: PMC5431342 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-016-0013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ADAM10 and ADAM17 have been shown to contribute to the acquired drug resistance of HER2-positive breast cancer in response to trastuzumab. The majority of ADAM10 and ADAM17 inhibitor development has been focused on the discovery of compounds that bind the active site zinc, however, in recent years, there has been a shift from active site to secondary substrate binding site (exosite) inhibitor discovery in order to identify non-zinc-binding molecules. In the present work a glycosylated, exosite-binding substrate of ADAM10 and ADAM17 was utilized to screen 370,276 compounds from the MLPCN collection. As a result of this uHTS effort, a selective, time-dependent, non-zinc-binding inhibitor of ADAM10 with Ki = 883 nM was discovered. This compound exhibited low cell toxicity and was able to selectively inhibit shedding of known ADAM10 substrates in several cell-based models. We hypothesize that differential glycosylation of these cognate substrates is the source of selectivity of our novel inhibitor. The data indicate that this novel inhibitor can be used as an in vitro and, potentially, in vivo, probe of ADAM10 activity. Additionally, results of the present and prior studies strongly suggest that glycosylated substrate are applicable as screening agents for discovery of selective ADAM probes and therapeutics.
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Miller MA, Sullivan RJ, Lauffenburger DA. Molecular Pathways: Receptor Ectodomain Shedding in Treatment, Resistance, and Monitoring of Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:623-629. [PMID: 27895032 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteases known as sheddases cleave the extracellular domains of their substrates from the cell surface. The A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases ADAM10 and ADAM17 are among the most prominent sheddases, being widely expressed in many tissues, frequently overexpressed in cancer, and promiscuously cleaving diverse substrates. It is increasingly clear that the proteolytic shedding of transmembrane receptors impacts pathophysiology and drug response. Receptor substrates of sheddases include the cytokine receptors TNFR1 and IL6R; the Notch receptors; type-I and -III TGFβ receptors; receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) such as HER2, HER4, and VEGFR2; and, in particular, MET and TAM-family RTKs AXL and Mer (MerTK). Activation of receptor shedding by mechanical cues, hypoxia, radiation, and phosphosignaling offers insight into mechanisms of drug resistance. This particularly holds for kinase inhibitors targeting BRAF (such as vemurafenib and dabrafenib) and MEK (such as trametinib and cobimetinib), along with direct sheddase inhibitors. Receptor proteolysis can be detected in patient fluids and is especially relevant in melanoma, glioblastoma, lung cancer, and triple-negative breast cancer where RTK substrates, MAPK signaling, and ADAMs are frequently dysregulated. Translatable strategies to exploit receptor shedding include combination kinase inhibitor regimens, recombinant decoy receptors based on endogenous counterparts, and, potentially, immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res; 23(3); 623-9. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan J Sullivan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas A Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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Growth factor and co-receptor release by structural regulation of substrate metalloprotease accessibility. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37464. [PMID: 27876763 PMCID: PMC5120278 DOI: 10.1038/srep37464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Release of cytokines, growth factors and other life-essential molecules from precursors by a-disintegrin-and-metalloproteases (ADAMs) is regulated with high substrate-specificity. We hypothesized that this is achieved by cleavage-regulatory intracellular-domain (ICD)-modifications of the precursors. We show here that cleavage-stimuli-induced specific ICD-modifications cause structural substrate changes that enhance ectodomain sensitivity of neuregulin-1 (NRG1; epidermal-growth-factor) or CD44 (receptor-tyrosine-kinase (RTK) co-receptor) to chymotrypsin/trypsin or soluble ADAM. This inside-out signal transfer required substrate homodimerization and was prevented by cleavage-inhibitory ICD-mutations. In chimeras, regulation could be conferred to a foreign ectodomain, suggesting a common higher-order structure. We predict that substrate-specific protease-accessibility-regulation controls release of numerous ADAM substrates.
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84
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Pupovac A, Sluyter R. Roles of extracellular nucleotides and P2 receptors in ectodomain shedding. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:4159-4173. [PMID: 27180276 PMCID: PMC11108277 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ectodomain shedding of integral membrane receptors results in the release of soluble molecules and modification of the transmembrane portions to mediate or modulate extracellular and intracellular signalling. Ectodomain shedding is stimulated by a variety of mechanisms, including the activation of P2 receptors by extracellular nucleotides. This review describes in detail the roles of extracellular nucleotides and P2 receptors in the shedding of various cell surface molecules, including amyloid precursor protein, CD23, CD62L, and members of the epidermal growth factor, immunoglobulin and tumour necrosis factor families. This review discusses the mechanisms involved in P2 receptor-mediated shedding, demonstrating central roles for the P2 receptors, P2X7 and P2Y2, and the sheddases, ADAM10 and ADAM17, in this process in a number of cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleta Pupovac
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Ronald Sluyter
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
- Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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85
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Control of ADAM17 activity by regulation of its cellular localisation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35067. [PMID: 27731361 PMCID: PMC5059621 DOI: 10.1038/srep35067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An important, irreversible step in many signalling pathways is the shedding of membrane-anchored proteins. A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17 is one of the major sheddases involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes including regeneration, differentiation, and cancer progression. This central role in signalling implies that ADAM17 activity has to be tightly regulated, including at the level of localisation. Most mature ADAM17 is localised intracellularly, with only a small amount at the cell surface. We found that ADAM17 is constitutively internalised by clathrin-coated pits and that physiological stimulators such as GPCR ligands induce ADAM17-mediated shedding, but do not alter the cell-surface abundance of the protease. In contrast, the PKC-activating phorbol ester PMA, often used as a strong inducer of ADAM17, causes not only proteolysis by ADAM17 but also a rapid increase of the mature protease at the cell surface. This is followed by internalisation and subsequent degradation of the protease. Eventually, this leads to a substantial downregulation of mature ADAM17. Our results therefore imply that physiological activation of ADAM17 does not rely on its relocalisation, but that PMA-induced PKC activity drastically dysregulates the localisation of ADAM17.
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86
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Hirata S, Murata T, Suzuki D, Nakamura S, Jono‐Ohnishi R, Hirose H, Sawaguchi A, Nishimura S, Sugimoto N, Eto K. Selective Inhibition of ADAM17 Efficiently Mediates Glycoprotein Ibα Retention During Ex Vivo Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Platelets. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:720-730. [PMID: 28297575 PMCID: PMC5442763 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Donor‐independent platelet concentrates for transfusion can be produced in vitro from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). However, culture at 37°C induces ectodomain shedding on platelets of glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα), the von Willebrand factor receptor critical for adhesive function and platelet lifetime in vivo, through temperature‐dependent activation of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17). The shedding can be suppressed by using inhibitors of panmetalloproteinases and possibly of the upstream regulator p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), but residues of these inhibitors in the final platelet products may be accompanied by harmful risks that prevent clinical application. Here, we optimized the culture conditions for generating human iPSC‐derived GPIbα+ platelets, focusing on culture temperature and additives, by comparing a new and safe selective ADAM17 inhibitor, KP‐457, with previous inhibitors. Because cultivation at 24°C (at which conventional platelet concentrates are stored) markedly diminished the yield of platelets with high expression of platelet receptors, 37°C was requisite for normal platelet production from iPSCs. KP‐457 blocked GPIbα shedding from iPSC platelets at a lower half‐maximal inhibitory concentration than panmetalloproteinase inhibitor GM‐6001, whereas p38 MAPK inhibitors did not. iPSC platelets generated in the presence of KP‐457 exhibited improved GPIbα‐dependent aggregation not inferior to human fresh platelets. A thrombus formation model using immunodeficient mice after platelet transfusion revealed that iPSC platelets generated with KP‐457 exerted better hemostatic function in vivo. Our findings suggest that KP‐457, unlike GM‐6001 or p38 MAPK inhibitors, effectively enhances the production of functional human iPSC‐derived platelets at 37°C, which is an important step toward their clinical application. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:720–730
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Hirata
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sou Nakamura
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryoko Jono‐Ohnishi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidenori Hirose
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Kyoto Development Center, Megakaryon Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Sawaguchi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishimura
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naoshi Sugimoto
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Eto
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Innovation Stem Cell Therapy, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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87
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Kawahara R, Granato DC, Yokoo S, Domingues RR, Trindade DM, Paes Leme AF. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics revealed Glypican-1 as a novel ADAM17 substrate. J Proteomics 2016; 151:53-65. [PMID: 27576135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17) is a plasma membrane metalloprotease involved in proteolytic release of the extracellular domain of many cell surface molecules, a process known as ectodomain shedding. Through this process, ADAM17 is implicated in several aspects of tumor growth and metastasis in a broad range of tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). In this study, mass spectrometry-based proteomics approaches revealed glypican-1 (GPC1) as a new substrate for ADAM17, and its shedding was confirmed to be metalloprotease-dependent, induced by a pleiotropic agent (PMA) and physiologic ligand (EGF), and inhibited by marimastat. In addition, immunoblotting analysis of GPC1 in the extracellular media from control and ADAM17shRNA pointed to a direct involvement of ADAM17 in the cleavage of GPC1. Moreover, mass spectrometry-based interactome analysis of GPC1 revealed biological functions and pathways related mainly to cellular movement, adhesion and proliferation, which were events also modulated by up regulation of full length and cleavage GPC1. Altogether, we showed that GPC1 is a novel ADAM17 substrate, thus the function of GPC1 may be modulated by proteolysis signaling. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Inhibition of metalloproteases as a therapeutic approach has failed because there is limited knowledge of the degradome of individual proteases as well as the cellular function of cleaved substrates. Using different proteomic techniques, this study uncovered novel substrates that can be modulated by ADAM17 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Glypican-1 was validated as a novel substrate for ADAM17, with important function in adhesion, proliferation and migration of carcinoma cells. Therefore, this study opens new avenues regarding the proteolysis-mediated function of GPC1 by ADAM17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Kawahara
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Sami Yokoo
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, LNBio, CNPEM, Campinas, Brazil
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88
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Atapattu L, Saha N, Chheang C, Eissman MF, Xu K, Vail ME, Hii L, Llerena C, Liu Z, Horvay K, Abud HE, Kusebauch U, Moritz RL, Ding BS, Cao Z, Rafii S, Ernst M, Scott AM, Nikolov DB, Lackmann M, Janes PW. An activated form of ADAM10 is tumor selective and regulates cancer stem-like cells and tumor growth. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1741-57. [PMID: 27503072 PMCID: PMC4995075 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane metalloprotease ADAM10 sheds a range of cell surface proteins, including ligands and receptors of the Notch, Eph, and erbB families, thereby activating signaling pathways critical for tumor initiation and maintenance. ADAM10 is thus a promising therapeutic target. Although widely expressed, its activity is normally tightly regulated. We now report prevalence of an active form of ADAM10 in tumors compared with normal tissues, in mouse models and humans, identified by our conformation-specific antibody mAb 8C7. Structure/function experiments indicate mAb 8C7 binds an active conformation dependent on disulfide isomerization and oxidative conditions, common in tumors. Moreover, this active ADAM10 form marks cancer stem-like cells with active Notch signaling, known to mediate chemoresistance. Importantly, specific targeting of active ADAM10 with 8C7 inhibits Notch activity and tumor growth in mouse models, particularly regrowth after chemotherapy. Our results indicate targeted inhibition of active ADAM10 as a potential therapy for ADAM10-dependent tumor development and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakmali Atapattu
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Nayanendu Saha
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Chanly Chheang
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Moritz F Eissman
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Kai Xu
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Mary E Vail
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Linda Hii
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Carmen Llerena
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Zhanqi Liu
- Tumor Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Katja Horvay
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Helen E Abud
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | | | | | - Bi-Sen Ding
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Zhongwei Cao
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Tumor Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Dimitar B Nikolov
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Martin Lackmann
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Peter W Janes
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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89
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Dreymueller D, Ludwig A. Considerations on inhibition approaches for proinflammatory functions of ADAM proteases. Platelets 2016; 28:354-361. [PMID: 27460023 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1203396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteases of the disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family mediate the proteolytic shedding of various surface molecules including cytokine precursors, adhesion molecules, growth factors, and receptors. Within the vasculature ADAM10 and ADAM17 regulate endothelial permeability, transendothelial leukocyte migration, and the adhesion of leukocytes and platelets. In vivo studies show that both proteases are implicated in several inflammatory pathologies, for example, edema formation, leukocyte infiltration, and thrombosis. However, both proteases also contribute to developmental and regenerative processes. Thus, although ADAMs can be regarded as valuable drug targets in many aspects, the danger of severe side effects is clearly visible. To circumvent these side effects, traditional inhibition approaches have to be improved to target ADAMs at the right time in the right place. Moreover, the inhibitors need to be more selective for the target protease and if possible also for the substrate. Antibodies recognizing the active conformation of ADAMs or small molecules blocking exosites of ADAM proteases may represent inhibitors with the desired selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Dreymueller
- a Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- a Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany
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90
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Kamezaki A, Sato F, Aoki K, Asakawa K, Kawakami K, Matsuzaki F, Sehara-Fujisawa A. Visualization of Neuregulin 1 ectodomain shedding reveals its local processing in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28873. [PMID: 27364328 PMCID: PMC4929465 DOI: 10.1038/srep28873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuregulin1 (NRG1) plays diverse developmental roles and is likely involved in several neurological disorders including schizophrenia. The transmembrane NRG1 protein is proteolytically cleaved and released as a soluble ligand for ErbB receptors. Such post-translational processing, referred to as 'ectodomain shedding', is thought to be crucial for NRG1 function. However, little is known regarding the regulatory mechanism of NRG1 cleavage in vivo. Here, we developed a fluorescent probe, NRG1 Cleavage Indicating SenSOR (N-CISSOR), by fusing mCherry and GFP to the extracellular and intracellular domains of NRG1, respectively. N-CISSOR mimicked the subcellular localization and biochemical properties of NRG1 including cleavage dynamics and ErbB phosphorylation in cultured cells. mCherry/GFP ratio imaging of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-stimulated N-CISSOR-expressing HEK293T cells enabled to monitor rapid ectodomain shedding of NRG1 at the subcellular level. Utilizing N-CISSOR in zebrafish embryos revealed preferential axonal NRG1 ectodomain shedding in developing motor neurons, demonstrating that NRG1 ectodomain shedding is spatially regulated at the subcellular level. Thus, N-CISSOR will be a valuable tool for elucidating the spatiotemporal regulation of NRG1 ectodomain shedding, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aosa Kamezaki
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sato
- Department of Growth Regulation, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Imaging Platform for Spatio-Temporal Information, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Asakawa
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, and Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Koichi Kawakami
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, and Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsuzaki
- Laboratory of Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center of Developmental Biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Atsuko Sehara-Fujisawa
- Department of Growth Regulation, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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91
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Carnet O, Lecomte J, Masset A, Primac I, Durré T, Maertens L, Detry B, Blacher S, Gilles C, Péqueux C, Paupert J, Foidart JM, Jerusalem G, Cataldo D, Noel A. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Shed Amphiregulin at the Surface of Lung Carcinoma Cells in a Juxtacrine Manner. Neoplasia 2016; 17:552-63. [PMID: 26297433 PMCID: PMC4547406 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors comprise cancer cells and different supportive stromal cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have recently been shown to enhance tumor growth and metastasis. We provide new mechanistic insights into how bone marrow (BM)–derived MSCs co-injected with Lewis lung carcinoma cells promote tumor growth and metastasis in mice. The proinvasive effect of BM-MSCs exerted on tumor cells relies on an unprecedented juxtacrine action of BM-MSC, leading to the trans-shedding of amphiregulin (AREG) from the tumor cell membrane by tumor necrosis factor-α–converting enzyme carried by the BM-MSC plasma membrane. The released soluble AREG activates cancer cells and promotes their invasiveness. This novel concept is supported by the exploitation of different 2D and 3D culture systems and by pharmacological approaches using a tumor necrosis factor-α–converting enzyme inhibitor and AREG-blocking antibodies. Altogether, we here assign a new function to BM-MSC in tumor progression and establish an uncovered link between AREG and BM-MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriane Carnet
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Julie Lecomte
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne Masset
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Irina Primac
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Tania Durré
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Ludovic Maertens
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Benoit Detry
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Silvia Blacher
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Christine Gilles
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Christel Péqueux
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jenny Paupert
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel Foidart
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Guy Jerusalem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Sart Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Cataldo
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Agnès Noel
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
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92
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Matthews AL, Noy PJ, Reyat JS, Tomlinson MG. Regulation of A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family sheddases ADAM10 and ADAM17: The emerging role of tetraspanins and rhomboids. Platelets 2016; 28:333-341. [PMID: 27256961 PMCID: PMC5490636 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1184751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 10 and ADAM17 are ubiquitous transmembrane “molecular scissors” which proteolytically cleave, or shed, the extracellular regions of other transmembrane proteins. ADAM10 is essential for development because it cleaves Notch proteins to induce Notch signaling and regulate cell fate decisions. ADAM17 is regarded as a first line of defense against injury and infection, by releasing tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) to promote inflammation and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor ligands to maintain epidermal barrier function. However, the regulation of ADAM10 and ADAM17 trafficking and activation are not fully understood. This review will describe how the TspanC8 subgroup of tetraspanins (Tspan5, 10, 14, 15, 17, and 33) and the iRhom subgroup of protease-inactive rhomboids (iRhom1 and 2) have emerged as important regulators of ADAM10 and ADAM17, respectively. In particular, they are required for the enzymatic maturation and trafficking to the cell surface of the ADAMs, and there is evidence that different TspanC8s and iRhoms target the ADAMs to distinct substrates. The TspanC8s and iRhoms have not been studied functionally on platelets. On these cells, ADAM10 is the principal sheddase for the platelet collagen receptor GPVI, and the regulatory TspanC8s are Tspan14, 15, and 33, as determined from proteomic data. Platelet ADAM17 is the sheddase for the von Willebrand factor (vWF) receptor GPIb, and iRhom2 is the only iRhom that is expressed. Induced shedding of either GPVI or GPIb has therapeutic potential, since inhibition of either receptor is regarded as a promising anti-thrombotic therapy. Targeting of Tspan14, 15, or 33 to activate platelet ADAM10, or iRhom2 to activate ADAM17, may enable such an approach to be realized, without the toxic side effects of activating the ADAMs on every cell in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Matthews
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Peter J Noy
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Jasmeet S Reyat
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Michael G Tomlinson
- a School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
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93
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Sommer A, Kordowski F, Büch J, Maretzky T, Evers A, Andrä J, Düsterhöft S, Michalek M, Lorenzen I, Somasundaram P, Tholey A, Sönnichsen FD, Kunzelmann K, Heinbockel L, Nehls C, Gutsmann T, Grötzinger J, Bhakdi S, Reiss K. Phosphatidylserine exposure is required for ADAM17 sheddase function. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11523. [PMID: 27161080 PMCID: PMC4866515 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ADAM17, a prominent member of the 'Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase' (ADAM) family, controls vital cellular functions through cleavage of transmembrane substrates. Here we present evidence that surface exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) is pivotal for ADAM17 to exert sheddase activity. PS exposure is tightly coupled to substrate shedding provoked by diverse ADAM17 activators. PS dependency is demonstrated in the following: (a) in Raji cells undergoing apoptosis; (b) in mutant PSA-3 cells with manipulatable PS content; and (c) in Scott syndrome lymphocytes genetically defunct in their capacity to externalize PS in response to intracellular Ca(2+) elevation. Soluble phosphorylserine but not phosphorylcholine inhibits substrate cleavage. The isolated membrane proximal domain (MPD) of ADAM17 binds to PS but not to phosphatidylcholine liposomes. A cationic PS-binding motif is identified in this domain, replacement of which abrogates liposome-binding and renders the protease incapable of cleaving its substrates in cells. We speculate that surface-exposed PS directs the protease to its targets where it then executes its shedding function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm Sommer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Felix Kordowski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Joscha Büch
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery at Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Astrid Evers
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery at Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Jörg Andrä
- Hamburg University of Applied Science, Ulmenliet 20, Hamburg 21033, Germany
| | - Stefan Düsterhöft
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Matthias Michalek
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Inken Lorenzen
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Prasath Somasundaram
- Division of Systematic Proteome Research and Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Division of Systematic Proteome Research and Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Frank D Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Karl Kunzelmann
- Physiological Institute, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Lena Heinbockel
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin and Biowissenschaften, Borstel 23845, Germany
| | - Christian Nehls
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin and Biowissenschaften, Borstel 23845, Germany
| | - Thomas Gutsmann
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin and Biowissenschaften, Borstel 23845, Germany
| | - Joachim Grötzinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel 24098, Germany
| | - Sucharit Bhakdi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Karina Reiss
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, Kiel 24105, Germany
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94
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Goth CK, Halim A, Khetarpal SA, Rader DJ, Clausen H, Schjoldager KTBG. A systematic study of modulation of ADAM-mediated ectodomain shedding by site-specific O-glycosylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:14623-8. [PMID: 26554003 PMCID: PMC4664366 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1511175112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated shedding of the ectodomain of cell membrane proteins by proteases is a common process that releases the extracellular domain from the cell and activates cell signaling. Ectodomain shedding occurs in the immediate extracellular juxtamembrane region, which is also where O-glycosylation is often found and examples of crosstalk between shedding and O-glycosylation have been reported. Here, we systematically investigated the potential of site-specific O-glycosylation mediated by distinct polypeptide GalNAc-transferase (GalNAc-T) isoforms to coregulate ectodomain shedding mediated by the A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) subfamily of proteases and in particular ADAM17. We analyzed 25 membrane proteins that are known to undergo ADAM17 shedding and where the processing sites included Ser/Thr residues within ± 4 residues that could represent O-glycosites. We used in vitro GalNAc-T enzyme and ADAM cleavage assays to demonstrate that shedding of at least 12 of these proteins are potentially coregulated by O-glycosylation. Using TNF-α as an example, we confirmed that shedding mediated by ADAM17 is coregulated by O-glycosylation controlled by the GalNAc-T2 isoform both ex vivo in isogenic cell models and in vivo in mouse Galnt2 knockouts. The study provides compelling evidence for a wider role of site-specific O-glycosylation in ectodomain shedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer K Goth
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Adnan Halim
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Sumeet A Khetarpal
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Katrine T-B G Schjoldager
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark;
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95
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Yan I, Schwarz J, Lücke K, Schumacher N, Schumacher V, Schmidt S, Rabe B, Saftig P, Donners M, Rose-John S, Mittrücker HW, Chalaris A. ADAM17 controls IL-6 signaling by cleavage of the murine IL-6Rα from the cell surface of leukocytes during inflammatory responses. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 99:749-60. [PMID: 26561568 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3a0515-207r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine IL-6 is part of a regulatory signaling network that controls immune responses. IL-6 binds either to the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor-α (classic signaling) or to the soluble IL-6 receptor-α (trans-signaling) to initiate signal transduction via gp130 activation. Because classic and trans-signaling of IL-6 fulfill different tasks during immune responses, controlled shedding of the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor-α from the surface of immune cells can be considered a central regulator of IL-6 function. The results from cell culture-based experiments have implicated both a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 and a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 in IL-6 receptor-α shedding. However, the nature of the protease mediating IL-6 receptor-α release in vivo is not yet known. We used hypomorphic a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 mice and conditional a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 knock-out mice to identify the natural protease of the murine IL-6 receptor-α. Circulating homeostatic soluble IL-6 receptor-α levels are not dependent on a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 or 17 activity. However, during Listeria monocytogenes infection, IL-6 receptor-α cleavage by the α-secretase a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 is rapidly induced from the surface of different leukocyte populations. In contrast, CD4-Cre-driven a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 deletion in T cells did not influence IL-6 receptor-α shedding from these cells after L. monocytogenes infection. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 was also required for IL-6 receptor-α ectodomain cleavage and release during endotoxemia. These results demonstrate a novel physiologic role for a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 in regulating murine IL-6 signals during inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Yan
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jeanette Schwarz
- Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Karsten Lücke
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Neele Schumacher
- Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Valéa Schumacher
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schmidt
- Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Björn Rabe
- Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Paul Saftig
- Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Marjo Donners
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany; and
| | - Hans-Willi Mittrücker
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Athena Chalaris
- Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany; and
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96
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Maney SK, McIlwain DR, Polz R, Pandyra AA, Sundaram B, Wolff D, Ohishi K, Maretzky T, Brooke MA, Evers A, Vasudevan AAJ, Aghaeepour N, Scheller J, Münk C, Häussinger D, Mak TW, Nolan GP, Kelsell DP, Blobel CP, Lang KS, Lang PA. Deletions in the cytoplasmic domain of iRhom1 and iRhom2 promote shedding of the TNF receptor by the protease ADAM17. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra109. [PMID: 26535007 PMCID: PMC7202466 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aac5356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The protease ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17) catalyzes the shedding of various transmembrane proteins from the surface of cells, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its receptors. Liberation of TNF receptors (TNFRs) from cell surfaces can dampen the cellular response to TNF, a cytokine that is critical in the innate immune response and promotes programmed cell death but can also promote sepsis. Catalytically inactive members of the rhomboid family of proteases, iRhom1 and iRhom2, mediate the intracellular transport and maturation of ADAM17. Using a genetic screen, we found that the presence of either iRhom1 or iRhom2 lacking part of their extended amino-terminal cytoplasmic domain (herein referred to as ΔN) increases ADAM17 activity, TNFR shedding, and resistance to TNF-induced cell death in fibrosarcoma cells. Inhibitors of ADAM17, but not of other ADAM family members, prevented the effects of iRhom-ΔN expression. iRhom1 and iRhom2 were functionally redundant, suggesting a conserved role for the iRhom amino termini. Cells from patients with a dominantly inherited cancer susceptibility syndrome called tylosis with esophageal cancer (TOC) have amino-terminal mutations in iRhom2. Keratinocytes from TOC patients exhibited increased TNFR1 shedding compared with cells from healthy donors. Our results explain how loss of the amino terminus in iRhom1 and iRhom2 impairs TNF signaling, despite enhancing ADAM17 activity, and may explain how mutations in the amino-terminal region contribute to the cancer predisposition syndrome TOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish K Maney
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David R McIlwain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robin Polz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra A Pandyra
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Balamurugan Sundaram
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dorit Wolff
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kazuhito Ohishi
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Matthew A Brooke
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Astrid Evers
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ananda A Jaguva Vasudevan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nima Aghaeepour
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Münk
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tak W Mak
- Campell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David P Kelsell
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Carl P Blobel
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Departments of Medicine and of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Karl S Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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97
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Londino JD, Gulick D, Isenberg JS, Mallampalli RK. Cleavage of Signal Regulatory Protein α (SIRPα) Enhances Inflammatory Signaling. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:31113-25. [PMID: 26534964 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.682914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) is a membrane glycoprotein immunoreceptor abundant in cells of monocyte lineage. SIRPα ligation by a broadly expressed transmembrane protein, CD47, results in phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs, resulting in the inhibition of NF-κB signaling in macrophages. Here we observed that proteolysis of SIRPα during inflammation is regulated by a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10), resulting in the generation of a membrane-associated cleavage fragment in both THP-1 monocytes and human lung epithelia. We mapped a charge-dependent putative cleavage site near the membrane-proximal domain necessary for ADAM10-mediated cleavage. In addition, a secondary proteolytic cleavage within the membrane-associated SIRPα fragment by γ-secretase was identified. Ectopic expression of a SIRPα mutant plasmid encoding a proteolytically resistant form in HeLa cells inhibited activation of the NF-κB pathway and suppressed STAT1 phosphorylation in response to TNFα to a greater extent than expression of wild-type SIRPα. Conversely, overexpression of plasmids encoding the proteolytically cleaved SIRPα fragments in cells resulted in enhanced STAT-1 and NF-κB pathway activation. Thus, the data suggest that combinatorial actions of ADAM10 and γ-secretase on SIRPα cleavage promote inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Londino
- From the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and
| | - Dexter Gulick
- From the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- From the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Vascular Medicine Institute, Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- From the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialty Service Line, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213,
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98
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The alpha secretase ADAM10: A metalloprotease with multiple functions in the brain. Prog Neurobiol 2015; 135:1-20. [PMID: 26522965 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Proteins belonging to the 'A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase' (ADAM) family are membrane-anchored proteases that are able to cleave the extracellular domains of several membrane-bound proteins in a process known as 'ectodomain shedding'. In the central nervous system, ADAM10 has attracted the most attention, since it was described as the amyloid precursor protein α-secretase over ten years ago. Despite the excitement over the potential of ADAM10 as a novel drug target in Alzheimer disease, the physiological functions of ADAM10 in the brain are not yet well understood. This is largely because of the embryonic lethality of ADAM10-deficient mice, which results from the loss of cleavage and signaling of the Notch receptor, another ADAM10 substrate. However, the recent generation of conditional ADAM10-deficient mice and the identification of further ADAM10 substrates in the brain has revealed surprisingly numerous and fundamental functions of ADAM10 in the development of the embryonic brain and also in the homeostasis of adult neuronal networks. Mechanistically, ADAM10 controls these functions by utilizing unique postsynaptic substrates in the central nervous system, in particular synaptic cell adhesion molecules, such as neuroligin-1, N-cadherin, NCAM, Ephrin A2 and A5. Consequently, a dysregulation of ADAM10 activity is linked to psychiatric and neurological diseases, such as epilepsy, fragile X syndrome and Huntington disease. This review highlights the recent progress in understanding the substrates and function as well as the regulation and cell biology of ADAM10 in the central nervous system and discusses the value of ADAM10 as a drug target in brain diseases.
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99
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Düsterhöft S, Michalek M, Kordowski F, Oldefest M, Sommer A, Röseler J, Reiss K, Grötzinger J, Lorenzen I. Extracellular Juxtamembrane Segment of ADAM17 Interacts with Membranes and Is Essential for Its Shedding Activity. Biochemistry 2015; 54:5791-801. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Felix Kordowski
- Department
of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Anselm Sommer
- Department
of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Karina Reiss
- Department
of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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100
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DeBerge MP, Ely KH, Wright PF, Thorp EB, Enelow RI. Shedding of TNF receptor 2 by effector CD8⁺ T cells by ADAM17 is important for regulating TNF-α availability during influenza infection. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 98:423-34. [PMID: 26019295 PMCID: PMC4763598 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3a0914-432rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of solTNFR2 are observed in a variety of human pathophysiological conditions but regulation of TNFR2 levels during disease is not well understood. We found that solTNFR2 levels were increased following influenza infection or live-attenuated influenza virus challenge in mice and humans, respectively. As influenza-specific CD8(+) T cells up-regulated expression of TNFR2 after infection in mice, we hypothesized that CD8(+) T cells contributed, in part, to solTNFR2 production after influenza infection and were interested in the mechanisms by which CD8(+) T cells regulate TNFR2 shedding. Activation of these cells by TCR stimulation resulted in enhanced shedding of TNFR2 that required actin remodeling and lipid raft formation and was dependent on MAPK/ERK signaling. Furthermore, we identified ADAM17 as the protease responsible for TNFR2 shedding by CD8(+) T cells, with ADAM17 and TNFR2 required in "cis" for shedding to occur. We observed similar activation thresholds for TNF-α expression and TNFR2 shedding, suggesting that solTNFR2 functioned, in part, to regulate solTNF-α levels. Production of solTNFR2 by activated CD8(+) T cells reduced the availability of solTNF-α released by these cells, and TNFR2 blockade during influenza infection in mice enhanced the levels of solTNF-α, supporting this hypothesis. Taken together, this study identifies critical cellular mechanisms regulating TNFR2 shedding on CD8(+) T cells and demonstrates that TNFR2 contributes, in part, to the regulation of TNF-α levels during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P DeBerge
- *Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Kenneth H Ely
- *Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Peter F Wright
- *Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Edward B Thorp
- *Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Richard I Enelow
- *Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
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