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Zhao T, Ma MT, Ourselin S, Vercauteren T, Xia W. Video-rate dual-modal photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging through a multimode fibre towards forward-viewing endomicroscopy. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2022; 25:100323. [PMID: 35028288 PMCID: PMC8741494 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multimode fibres (MMFs) are becoming increasingly attractive in optical endoscopy as they promise to enable unparallelled miniaturisation, spatial resolution and cost. However, high-speed imaging with wavefront shaping has been challenging. Here, we report the development of a video-rate dual-modal photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescence microscopy probe with a high-speed digital micromirror device (DMD) towards forward-viewing endomicroscopy. Optimal DMD patterns were obtained using a real-valued intensity transmission matrix algorithm to raster-scan a 1.5 μ m-diameter focused beam at the distal fibre tip for imaging. The PA imaging speed and spatial resolution were varied from ∼ 2 to 57 frames per second and from 1.7 to 3 μ m, respectively. Further, high-fidelity PA images of carbon fibres and mouse red blood cells were acquired at unprecedented speed. The capability of dual-modal imaging was demonstrated with phantoms. We anticipate that with further miniaturisation of the ultrasound detector, this probe could be integrated into medical needles to guide minimally invasive procedures.
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Gan M, Wang C. Esophageal optical coherence tomography image synthesis using an adversarially learned variational autoencoder. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:1188-1201. [PMID: 35414971 PMCID: PMC8973180 DOI: 10.1364/boe.449796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging offers a non-invasive way to detect esophageal lesions on the microscopic scale, which is of clinical potential in the early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancers. Recent studies focused on applying deep learning-based methods in esophageal OCT image analysis and achieved promising results, which require a large data size. However, traditional data augmentation techniques generate samples that are highly correlated and sometimes far from reality, which may not lead to a satisfied trained model. In this paper, we proposed an adversarial learned variational autoencoder (AL-VAE) to generate high-quality esophageal OCT samples. The AL-VAE combines the generative adversarial network (GAN) and variational autoencoder (VAE) in a simple yet effective way, which preserves the advantages of VAEs, such as stable training and nice latent manifold, and requires no extra discriminators. Experimental results verified the proposed method achieved better image quality in generating esophageal OCT images when compared with the state-of-the-art image synthesis network, and its potential in improving deep learning model performance was also evaluated by esophagus segmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- Jinan Guoke Medical Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jinan 250102, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
- Jinan Guoke Medical Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jinan 250102, China
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Beaudette K, Li J, Lamarre J, Majeau L, Boudoux C. Double-Clad Fiber-Based Multifunctional Biosensors and Multimodal Bioimaging Systems: Technology and Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:90. [PMID: 35200350 PMCID: PMC8869713 DOI: 10.3390/bios12020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Optical fibers have been used to probe various tissue properties such as temperature, pH, absorption, and scattering. Combining different sensing and imaging modalities within a single fiber allows for increased sensitivity without compromising the compactness of an optical fiber probe. A double-clad fiber (DCF) can sustain concurrent propagation modes (single-mode, through its core, and multimode, through an inner cladding), making DCFs ideally suited for multimodal approaches. This study provides a technological review of how DCFs are used to combine multiple sensing functionalities and imaging modalities. Specifically, we discuss the working principles of DCF-based sensors and relevant instrumentation as well as fiber probe designs and functionalization schemes. Secondly, we review different applications using a DCF-based probe to perform multifunctional sensing and multimodal bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Beaudette
- Castor Optics Inc., Montreal, QC H4N 2G6, Canada; (J.L.); (L.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Jiawen Li
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Electrical Electronic Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Joseph Lamarre
- Castor Optics Inc., Montreal, QC H4N 2G6, Canada; (J.L.); (L.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Lucas Majeau
- Castor Optics Inc., Montreal, QC H4N 2G6, Canada; (J.L.); (L.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Caroline Boudoux
- Castor Optics Inc., Montreal, QC H4N 2G6, Canada; (J.L.); (L.M.); (C.B.)
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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Marques MJ, Hughes MR, Uceda AF, Gelikonov G, Bradu A, Podoleanu A. Endoscopic en-face optical coherence tomography and fluorescence imaging using correlation-based probe tracking. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:761-776. [PMID: 35284172 PMCID: PMC8884237 DOI: 10.1364/boe.444170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Forward-viewing endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides 3D imaging in vivo, and can be combined with widefield fluorescence imaging by use of a double-clad fiber. However, it is technically challenging to build a high-performance miniaturized 2D scanning system with a large field-of-view. In this paper we demonstrate how a 1D scanning probe, which produces cross-sectional OCT images (B-scans) and 1D fluorescence T-scans, can be transformed into a 2D scanning probe by manual scanning along the second axis. OCT volumes are assembled from the B-scans using speckle decorrelation measurements to estimate the out-of-plane motion along the manual scan direction. Motion within the plane of the B-scans is corrected using image registration by normalized cross correlation. En-face OCT slices and fluorescence images, corrected for probe motion in 3D, can be displayed in real-time during the scan. For a B-scan frame rate of 250 Hz, and an OCT lateral resolution of approximately 20 μ m , the approach can handle out-of-plane motion at speeds of up to 4 mm/s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J. Marques
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
- Both authors contributed equally to this publication
| | - Michael R. Hughes
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
- Both authors contributed equally to this publication
| | - Adrián F. Uceda
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adrian Bradu
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Podoleanu
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
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Liao G, Caravaca-Mora O, Rosa B, Zanne P, Dall Alba D, Fiorini P, de Mathelin M, Nageotte F, J. Gora M. Distortion and Instability Compensation with Deep Learning for Rotational Scanning Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography. Med Image Anal 2022; 77:102355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2022.102355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pacheco A, Grygoryev K, Messina W, Andersson-Engels S. Lung tissue phantom mimicking pulmonary optical properties, relative humidity, and temperature: a tool to analyze the changes in oxygen gas absorption for different inflated volumes. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 27:JBO-210214SSR. [PMID: 34725995 PMCID: PMC8558837 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.7.074707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Gas in scattering media absorption spectroscopy (GASMAS) enables noninvasive gas sensing in the body. It is developing as a tool for diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory conditions in neonates. Phantom models with relevant features to the clinical translation of GASMAS technology are necessary to understand technical challenges and potential applications of this technique. State-of-the-art phantoms designed for this purpose have focused on the optical properties and anthropomorphic geometry of the thorax, contributing to the source-detector placement, design, and optimization. Lung phantom mimicking the alveolar anatomy has not been included in the existent models due to the inherent complexity of the tissue. We present a simplified model that recreates inflated alveoli embedded in lung phantom. AIM The goal of this study was to build a lung model with air-filled structures mimicking inflated alveoli surrounded by optical phantom with accurate optical properties (μa = 0.50 cm - 1 and μs'=5.4 cm-1) and physiological parameters [37°C and 100% relative humidity (RH)], and to control the air volume within the phantom to demonstrate the feasibility of GASMAS in sensing changes in pulmonary air volume. APPROACH The lung model was built using a capillary structure with analogous size to alveolar units. Part of the capillaries were filled with liquid lung optical phantom to recreate scattering and absorption, whereas empty capillaries mimicked air filled alveoli. The capillary array was placed inside a custom-made chamber that maintained pulmonary temperature and RH. The geometry of the chamber permitted the placement of the laser head and detector of a GASMAS bench top system (MicroLab Dual O2 / H2O), to test the changes in volume of the lung model in transmittance geometry. RESULTS The lung tissue model with air volume range from 6.89 × 10 - 7 m3 to 1.80 × 10 - 3 m3 was built. Two measurement sets, with 10 different capillary configurations each, were arranged to increase or decrease progressively (in steps of 3.93 × 10 - 8 m3) the air volume in the lung model. The respective GASMAS data acquisition was performed for both data sets. The maximum absorption signal was obtained for configurations with the highest number of air-filled capillaries and decreased progressively when the air spaces were replaced by capillaries filled with liquid optical phantom. Further studies are necessary to define the minimum and maximum volume of air that can be measured with GASMAS-based devices for different source-detector geometries. CONCLUSIONS The optical properties and the structure of tissue from the respiratory zone have been modeled using a simplified capillary array immersed in a controlled environment chamber at pulmonary temperature and RH. The feasibility of measuring volume changes with GASMAS technique has been proven, stating a new possible application of GASMAS technology in respiratory treatment and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pacheco
- Biophotonics@Tyndall, IPIC, Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
- University College Cork, Department of Physics, Cork, Ireland
| | - Konstantin Grygoryev
- Biophotonics@Tyndall, IPIC, Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
| | - Walter Messina
- Biophotonics@Tyndall, IPIC, Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stefan Andersson-Engels
- Biophotonics@Tyndall, IPIC, Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork, Ireland
- University College Cork, Department of Physics, Cork, Ireland
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Lichtenegger A, Salas M, Sing A, Duelk M, Licandro R, Gesperger J, Baumann B, Drexler W, Leitgeb RA. Reconstruction of visible light optical coherence tomography images retrieved from discontinuous spectral data using a conditional generative adversarial network. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:6780-6795. [PMID: 34858680 PMCID: PMC8606123 DOI: 10.1364/boe.435124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Achieving high resolution in optical coherence tomography typically requires the continuous extension of the spectral bandwidth of the light source. This work demonstrates an alternative approach: combining two discrete spectral windows located in the visible spectrum with a trained conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) to reconstruct a high-resolution image equivalent to that generated using a continuous spectral band. The cGAN was trained using OCT image pairs acquired with the continuous and discontinuous visible range spectra to learn the relation between low- and high-resolution data. The reconstruction performance was tested using 6000 B-scans of a layered phantom, micro-beads and ex-vivo mouse ear tissue. The resultant cGAN-generated images demonstrate an image quality and axial resolution which approaches that of the high-resolution system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Lichtenegger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Optical Imaging and Its Translation to Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Matthias Salas
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Optical Imaging and Its Translation to Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Alexander Sing
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Roxane Licandro
- Department of and Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Computational Imaging Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Visual Computing and Human-Centered Technology, Computer Vision Lab, TU Wien, Austria
| | - Johanna Gesperger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Baumann
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer A. Leitgeb
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Optical Imaging and Its Translation to Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Kiseleva EB, Ryabkov MG, Sizov MA, Bederina EL, Komarova AD, Moiseev AA, Bagryantsev MV, Vorobiev AN, Gladkova ND. Effect of Surgical Technique on the Microstructure and Microcirculation of the Small Intestine Stump during Delayed Anastomosis: Multimodal OCT Data. Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2021; 13:36-45. [PMID: 34603762 PMCID: PMC8482830 DOI: 10.17691/stm2021.13.4.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to use multimodal optical coherence tomography (MM OCT) to evaluate microstructure and microcirculation in the proximal and distal sections of the intestine relative to the resected area in acute mesenteric ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E B Kiseleva
- Senior Researcher, Scientific Laboratory of Optical Coherence Tomography, Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - M G Ryabkov
- Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, University Clinic; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - M A Sizov
- Surgeon; City Clinical Hospital No.30, 85A Berezovskaya St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603157, Russia
| | - E L Bederina
- Pathologist, Junior Researcher, University Clinic; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - A D Komarova
- Student, Department of Biophysics; National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 23 Prospekt Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia; Laboratory Assistant, Laboratory of Fluorescent Bioimaging, Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - A A Moiseev
- Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Highly Sensitive Optical Measurements; Federal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanova St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - M V Bagryantsev
- Surgeon; City Clinical Hospital No.30, 85A Berezovskaya St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603157, Russia
| | - A N Vorobiev
- Surgeon; City Clinical Hospital No.30, 85A Berezovskaya St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603157, Russia
| | - N D Gladkova
- Professor, Head of the Scientific Laboratory of Optical Coherence Tomography, Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
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59
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Leitgeb R, Placzek F, Rank E, Krainz L, Haindl R, Li Q, Liu M, Andreana M, Unterhuber A, Schmoll T, Drexler W. Enhanced medical diagnosis for dOCTors: a perspective of optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210150-PER. [PMID: 34672145 PMCID: PMC8528212 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.10.100601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE After three decades, more than 75,000 publications, tens of companies being involved in its commercialization, and a global market perspective of about USD 1.5 billion in 2023, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become one of the fastest successfully translated imaging techniques with substantial clinical and economic impacts and acceptance. AIM Our perspective focuses on disruptive forward-looking innovations and key technologies to further boost OCT performance and therefore enable significantly enhanced medical diagnosis. APPROACH A comprehensive review of state-of-the-art accomplishments in OCT has been performed. RESULTS The most disruptive future OCT innovations include imaging resolution and speed (single-beam raster scanning versus parallelization) improvement, new implementations for dual modality or even multimodality systems, and using endogenous or exogenous contrast in these hybrid OCT systems targeting molecular and metabolic imaging. Aside from OCT angiography, no other functional or contrast enhancing OCT extension has accomplished comparable clinical and commercial impacts. Some more recently developed extensions, e.g., optical coherence elastography, dynamic contrast OCT, optoretinography, and artificial intelligence enhanced OCT are also considered with high potential for the future. In addition, OCT miniaturization for portable, compact, handheld, and/or cost-effective capsule-based OCT applications, home-OCT, and self-OCT systems based on micro-optic assemblies or photonic integrated circuits will revolutionize new applications and availability in the near future. Finally, clinical translation of OCT including medical device regulatory challenges will continue to be absolutely essential. CONCLUSIONS With its exquisite non-invasive, micrometer resolution depth sectioning capability, OCT has especially revolutionized ophthalmic diagnosis and hence is the fastest adopted imaging technology in the history of ophthalmology. Nonetheless, OCT has not been completely exploited and has substantial growth potential-in academics as well as in industry. This applies not only to the ophthalmic application field, but also especially to the original motivation of OCT to enable optical biopsy, i.e., the in situ imaging of tissue microstructure with a resolution approaching that of histology but without the need for tissue excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Leitgeb
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Christian Doppler Laboratory OPTRAMED, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabian Placzek
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabet Rank
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Krainz
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Haindl
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Qian Li
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Andreana
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Unterhuber
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tilman Schmoll
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
- Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California, United States
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
- Address all correspondence to Wolfgang Drexler,
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Tang Y, Anandasabapathy S, Richards‐Kortum R. Advances in optical gastrointestinal endoscopy: a technical review. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:2580-2599. [PMID: 32915503 PMCID: PMC8486567 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical endoscopy is the primary diagnostic and therapeutic tool for management of gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies. Most GI neoplasms arise from precancerous lesions; thus, technical innovations to improve detection and diagnosis of precancerous lesions and early cancers play a pivotal role in improving outcomes. Over the last few decades, the field of GI endoscopy has witnessed enormous and focused efforts to develop and translate accurate, user-friendly, and minimally invasive optical imaging modalities. From a technical point of view, a wide range of novel optical techniques is now available to probe different aspects of light-tissue interaction at macroscopic and microscopic scales, complementing white light endoscopy. Most of these new modalities have been successfully validated and translated to routine clinical practice. Herein, we provide a technical review of the current status of existing and promising new optical endoscopic imaging technologies for GI cancer screening and surveillance. We summarize the underlying principles of light-tissue interaction, the imaging performance at different scales, and highlight what is known about clinical applicability and effectiveness. Furthermore, we discuss recent discovery and translation of novel molecular probes that have shown promise to augment endoscopists' ability to diagnose GI lesions with high specificity. We also review and discuss the role and potential clinical integration of artificial intelligence-based algorithms to provide decision support in real time. Finally, we provide perspectives on future technology development and its potential to transform endoscopic GI cancer detection and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Tang
- Department of BioengineeringRice UniversityHoustonTXUSA
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61
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Mueller CG, Gaiddon C, Venkatasamy A. Current Clinical and Pre-Clinical Imaging Approaches to Study the Cancer-Associated Immune System. Front Immunol 2021; 12:716860. [PMID: 34539653 PMCID: PMC8446654 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.716860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the light of the success and the expected growth of its arsenal, immuno-therapy may become the standard neoadjuvant procedure for many cancers in the near future. However, aspects such as the identity, organization and the activation status of the peri- and intra-tumoral immune cells would represent important elements to weigh in the decision for the appropriate treatment. While important progress in non-invasive imaging of immune cells has been made over the last decades, it falls yet short of entering the clinics, let alone becoming a standard procedure. Here, we provide an overview of the different intra-vital imaging approaches in the clinics and in pre-clinical settings and discuss their benefits and drawbacks for assessing the activity of the immune system, globally and on a cellular level. Stimulated by further research, the future is likely to see many technological advances both on signal detection and emission as well as image specificity and resolution to tackle current hurdles. We anticipate that the ability to precisely determine an immune stage of cancer will capture the attention of the oncologist and will create a change in paradigm for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Mueller
- CNRS UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, Immunologie-Immunopathologie-Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Inserm UMR_S 1113, University of Strasbourg, Interface de Recherche Fondamentale et Appliquée en Cancérologie (IRFAC), Strasbourg, France
| | - Aïna Venkatasamy
- Inserm UMR_S 1113, University of Strasbourg, Interface de Recherche Fondamentale et Appliquée en Cancérologie (IRFAC), Strasbourg, France.,IHU-Strasbourg (Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire), Strasbourg, France
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62
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Ji X, Mojahed D, Okawachi Y, Gaeta AL, Hendon CP, Lipson M. Millimeter-scale chip-based supercontinuum generation for optical coherence tomography. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg8869. [PMID: 34533990 PMCID: PMC8448444 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg8869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Supercontinuum sources for optical coherence tomography (OCT) have raised great interest as they provide broad bandwidth to enable high resolution and high power to improve imaging sensitivity. Commercial fiber-based supercontinuum systems require high pump powers to generate broad bandwidth and customized optical filters to shape/attenuate the spectra. They also have limited sensitivity and depth performance. We introduce a supercontinuum platform based on a 1-mm2 Si3N4 photonic chip for OCT. We directly pump and efficiently generate supercontinuum near 1300 nm without any postfiltering. With a 25-pJ pump pulse, we generate a broadband spectrum with a flat 3-dB bandwidth of 105 nm. Integrating the chip into a spectral domain OCT system, we achieve 105-dB sensitivity and 1.81-mm 6-dB sensitivity roll-off with 300-μW optical power on sample. We image breast tissue to demonstrate strong imaging performance. Our chip will pave the way toward portable OCT and incorporating integrated photonics into optical imaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Ji
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Diana Mojahed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yoshitomo Okawachi
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Alexander L. Gaeta
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Christine P. Hendon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Corresponding author. (M.L.); (C.P.H.)
| | - Michal Lipson
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Corresponding author. (M.L.); (C.P.H.)
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Exact Scan Patterns of Rotational Risley Prisms Obtained with a Graphical Method: Multi-Parameter Analysis and Design. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rotational Risley prisms are one of the fastest two-dimensional (2D) optomechanical scanning systems. Their drawback is the strong non-linearity of the scan patterns they produce, in contrast to the most common (but slower) raster scanning modalities of 2D dual axis galvanometer scanners (GSs) or Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) with oscillatory mirrors. The aim of this work is to develop a graphical method, which, to our knowledge, we have introduced to determine and characterize, using a commercially-available mechanical design program (for example CATIA V5R20 (Dassault Systems, Paris, France)) to simulate the exact scan patterns of rotational Risley prisms. Both the maximum and minimum angular and linear deviations of this type of scanner are deduced theoretically to characterize the outer diameter/Field-of-View (FOV) and the inner diameter (of the blind zone) of its ring-shaped patterns, respectively. This multi-parameter analysis is performed in correlation with the shape of the scan patterns, considering the four possible configurations of laser scanners with a pair of rotational Risley prisms, as well as all their parameters: prisms angles, refractive indexes, rotational speeds, distance between the two prisms, and the distance from the system to the scanned plane. Marshall’s synthetic parameters are also considered, i.e., the ratios of the rotational velocities and of the angles of the prisms. Rules-of-thumb for designing this optomechanical scanner are extracted from this analysis, regarding both shapes and dimensions of the scan patterns to be produced. An example of experimental validation completes the mathematical analysis and the performed simulations.
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64
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Iyer JS, Yin B, Stankovic KM, Tearney GJ. Endomicroscopy of the human cochlea using a micro-optical coherence tomography catheter. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17932. [PMID: 34504113 PMCID: PMC8429662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is one of the most profound public health concerns of the modern era, affecting 466 million people today, and projected to affect 900 million by the year 2050. Advances in both diagnostics and therapeutics for SNHL have been impeded by the human cochlea’s inaccessibility for in vivo imaging, resulting from its extremely small size, convoluted coiled configuration, fragility, and deep encasement in dense bone. Here, we develop and demonstrate the ability of a sub-millimeter-diameter, flexible endoscopic probe interfaced with a micro-optical coherence tomography (μOCT) imaging system to enable micron-scale imaging of the inner ear’s sensory epithelium in cadaveric human inner ears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani S Iyer
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, 1350 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Biwei Yin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, 1350 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94503, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, 801 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Guillermo J Tearney
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Moiseev AA, Sirotkina MA, Potapov AL, Matveev LA, Vagapova NN, Kuznetsova IA, Gladkova ND. Lymph vessels visualization from optical coherence tomography data using depth-resolved attenuation coefficient calculation. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202100055. [PMID: 34057296 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal optical coherent tomography grows popularity with researchers and clinicians over the past decade. One of the modalities is lymphangiography, which allows visualization of the lymphatic vessel networks within optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging volume. In the present study, it is shown that lymphatic vessel visualization obtained from the depth-resolved attenuation coefficient distributions, corrected for the noise, shows improved contrast and detail in comparison with previously proposed approaches. We also argue that the two most popular approaches for lymphatic vessel visualization, namely simple intensity thresholding and vesselness calculation based on local Hessian matrix eigenvalues, imply different definitions of the lymphatic vessel's appearance in the OCT volume and lead to the different networks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arseny L Potapov
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Lev A Matveev
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Nailya N Vagapova
- N.A. Semashko Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Jelly ET, Kwun J, Schmitz R, Farris AB, Steelman ZA, Sudan DL, Knechtle SJ, Wax A. Optical coherence tomography of small intestine allograft biopsies using a handheld surgical probe. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210108R. [PMID: 34561973 PMCID: PMC8461564 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.9.096008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The current gold standard for monitoring small intestinal transplant (IT) rejection is endoscopic visual assessment and biopsy of suspicious lesions; however, these lesions are only superficially visualized by endoscopy. Invasive biopsies provide a coarse sampling of tissue health without depicting the true presence and extent of any pathology. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) presents a potential alternative approach with significant advantages over traditional white-light endoscopy. AIM The aim of our investigation was to evaluate OCT performance in distinguishing clinically relevant morphological features associated with IT graft failure. APPROACH OCT was applied to evaluate the small bowel tissues of two rhesus macaques that had undergone IT of the ileum. The traditional assessment from routine histological observation was compared with OCT captured using a handheld surgical probe during the days post-transplant and subsequently was compared with histophaology. RESULTS The reported OCT system was capable of identifying major biological landmarks in healthy intestinal tissue. Following IT, one nonhuman primate (NHP) model suffered a severe graft ischemia, and the second NHP graft failed due to acute cellular rejection. OCT images show visual evidence of correspondence with histological signs of IT rejection. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that OCT imaging has significant potential to reveal morphological changes associated with IT rejection and to improve patient outcomes overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan T. Jelly
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Jean Kwun
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Durham, United States
| | - Robin Schmitz
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Durham, United States
| | - Alton B. Farris
- Emory University, Department of Pathology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Zachary A. Steelman
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Debra L. Sudan
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Durham, United States
| | - Stuart J. Knechtle
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Durham, United States
| | - Adam Wax
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
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Gupta N, Yelamanchi R, Agrawal H, Agarwal N. Role of optical coherence tomography in Barrett’s esophagus. Artif Intell Gastrointest Endosc 2021; 2:149-156. [DOI: 10.37126/aige.v2.i4.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional endoscopic techniques for Barrett’s esophagus (BE) surveillance relied on factor of probability as endoscopists performed cumbersome random biopsies of low yield. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel technique based on tissue light interference and is set to break conventional barriers. OCT was initially introduced in ophthalmology but was soon adopted by other areas of medicine. When applied to endoscopy, OCT can render images of the superficial layers of the gastrointestinal tract and is highly sensitive in detecting dysplasia in BE. Volumetric laser endomicroscopy is a second generation OCT endoscope device which is able to identify buried glands after ablation. Addition of artificial intelligence to OCT has rendered it more productive. The newer additions to OCT such as angiogram and laser marking will increase the accuracy of investigation. In spite of the few inevitable drawbacks associated with the technology, it presently outperforms all newer endoscopic techniques for the surveillance of BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Gupta
- Department of Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Delhi 110001, India
| | - Raghav Yelamanchi
- Department of Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Delhi 110001, India
| | - Himanshu Agrawal
- Department of Surgery, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Delhi 110001, India
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- Department of Surgical Disciploines, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Delhi 110001, India
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Schie IW, Stiebing C, Popp J. Looking for a perfect match: multimodal combinations of Raman spectroscopy for biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210137VR. [PMID: 34387049 PMCID: PMC8358667 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.8.080601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy has shown very promising results in medical diagnostics by providing label-free and highly specific molecular information of pathological tissue ex vivo and in vivo. Nevertheless, the high specificity of Raman spectroscopy comes at a price, i.e., low acquisition rate, no direct access to depth information, and limited sampling areas. However, a similar case regarding advantages and disadvantages can also be made for other highly regarded optical modalities, such as optical coherence tomography, autofluorescence imaging and fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime microscopy, second-harmonic generation, and others. While in these modalities the acquisition speed is significantly higher, they have no or only limited molecular specificity and are only sensitive to a small group of molecules. It can be safely stated that a single modality provides only a limited view on a specific aspect of a biological specimen and cannot assess the entire complexity of a sample. To solve this issue, multimodal optical systems, which combine different optical modalities tailored to a particular need, become more and more common in translational research and will be indispensable diagnostic tools in clinical pathology in the near future. These systems can assess different and partially complementary aspects of a sample and provide a distinct set of independent biomarkers. Here, we want to give an overview on the development of multimodal systems that use RS in combination with other optical modalities to improve the diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwan W. Schie
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
- University of Applied Sciences—Jena, Department for Medical Engineering and Biotechnology, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Jena, Germany
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Balakrishnan S, Oldenburg AL. All-fiber probes for endoscopic optical coherence tomography of the large airways. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:6385-6392. [PMID: 34612872 PMCID: PMC8672310 DOI: 10.1364/ao.431010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endoscopic optical coherence tomography of large airways poses unique challenges. A hybrid lens is described that consists of a section of coreless fiber and graded index fiber (GIF), followed by a ball lens section. This design produces low numerical aperture beams better suited for large airway imaging. The performance of this lens is compared against conventional GIF and ball lens designs. Forward- and side-viewing probes were modeled, fabricated, and tested. The impact of a sheath on the beam profile was also investigated. Probes with working distances larger than 10 mm and depth-of-focus exceeding 12 mm are demonstrated with the proposed design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Balakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Amy L. Oldenburg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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Liu N, Chen X, Kimm MA, Stechele M, Chen X, Zhang Z, Wildgruber M, Ma X. In vivo optical molecular imaging of inflammation and immunity. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1385-1398. [PMID: 34272967 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is the phenotypic form of various diseases. Recent development in molecular imaging provides new insights into the diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of different inflammatory diseases as well as diseases involving inflammation such as cancer. While conventional imaging techniques used in the clinical setting provide only indirect measures of inflammation such as increased perfusion and altered endothelial permeability, optical imaging is able to report molecular information on diseased tissue and cells. Optical imaging is a quick, noninvasive, nonionizing, and easy-to-use diagnostic technology which has been successfully applied for preclinical research. Further development of optical imaging technology such as optoacoustic imaging overcomes the limitations of mere fluorescence imaging, thereby enabling pilot clinical applications in humans. By means of endogenous and exogenous contrast agents, sites of inflammation can be accurately visualized in vivo. This allows for early disease detection and specific disease characterization, enabling more rapid and targeted therapeutic interventions. In this review, we summarize currently available optical imaging techniques used to detect inflammation, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), bioluminescence, fluorescence, optoacoustics, and Raman spectroscopy. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of the different in vivo imaging applications with a special focus on targeting inflammation including immune cell tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Xiao Chen
- Klinik und Poliklinik IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie A Kimm
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Stechele
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Xueli Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Moritz Wildgruber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
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Patil MA, Kompella UB. Noninvasive monitoring of suprachoroidal, subretinal, and intravitreal implants using confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120887. [PMID: 34271155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To address the need for noninvasive monitoring of injectable preformed drug delivery implants in the eye, we developed noninvasive methods to monitor such implants in different locations within the eye. Cylindrical polymeric poly(lactide-co-glycolide) or metal implants were injected into isolated bovine eyes at suprachoroidal, subretinal, and intravitreal locations and imaged noninvasively using the cSLO and OCT modes of a Heidelberg Spectralis HRA + OCT instrument after adjusting for the corneal curvature. Length and diameter of implants were obtained using cSLO images for all three locations, and the volume was calculated. Additionally, implant volume for suprachoroidal and subretinal location was estimated by integrating the cross-sectional bleb area over the implant length in multiple OCT images or using the maximum thickness of the implant based on thickness map along with length in cSLO image. Simultaneous cSLO and OCT imaging identified implants in different regions of the eye. Image-based measurements of implant dimensions mostly correlated well with the values prior to injection using blade micrometer. The accuracy (82-112%) and precision (1-19%) for noninvasive measurement of length was better than the diameter (accuracy 69-130%; precision 3-38%) using cSLO image for both types of implants. The accuracy for the measurement of volume of both types of implants from all three intraocular locations was better with cSLO imaging (42-152%) compared to those obtained using OCT cross-sectional bleb area integration (117-556%) or cSLO and thickness map (32-279%) methods. Suprachoroidal, subretinal, and intravitreal implants can be monitored for length, diameter, and volume using cSLO and OCT imaging. Such measurements may be useful in noninvasively monitoring implant degradation and drug release in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhoosudan A Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Uday B Kompella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
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Abdurashitov AS, Prikhozhdenko ES, Mayorova OA, Plastun VO, Gusliakova OI, Shushunova NA, Kulikov OA, Tuchin VV, Sukhorukov GB, Sindeeva OA. Optical coherence microangiography of the mouse kidney for diagnosis of circulatory disorders. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:4467-4477. [PMID: 34457426 PMCID: PMC8367229 DOI: 10.1364/boe.430393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become widespread in clinical applications in which precise three-dimensional functional imaging of living organs is required. Nevertheless, the kidney is inaccessible for the high resolution OCT imaging due to a high light attenuation coefficient of skin and soft tissues that significantly limits the penetration depth of the probing laser beam. Here, we introduce a surgical protocol and fixation scheme that enables functional visualization of kidney's peritubular capillaries via OCT microangiography. The model of reversible/irreversible glomerulus embolization using drug microcarriers confirms the ability of OCT to detect circulatory disorders. This approach can be used for choosing optimal carriers, their dosages and diagnosis of other blood flow pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkady S Abdurashitov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 3 Nobel str., Moscow 143005, Russia
| | | | - Oksana A Mayorova
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Valentina O Plastun
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Olga I Gusliakova
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Natalia A Shushunova
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Oleg A Kulikov
- Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya str., Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Valery V Tuchin
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics, National Research Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Avenue, Tomsk 634050, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Diagnostics of Technical and Living Systems, Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control of the Russian Academy of Science, 24 Rabochaya Str., Saratov 410028, Russia
| | - Gleb B Sukhorukov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 3 Nobel str., Moscow 143005, Russia
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, Eng, 215, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Olga A Sindeeva
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 3 Nobel str., Moscow 143005, Russia
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya str., Saratov 410012, Russia
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73
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Zhang Z, Rosa B, Caravaca-Mora O, Zanne P, Gora MJ, Nageotte F. Image-Guided Control of an Endoscopic Robot for OCT Path Scanning. IEEE Robot Autom Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/lra.2021.3087085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Malone J, Lee AMD, Hohert G, Nador RG, Lane P. Small airway dilation measured by endoscopic optical coherence tomography correlates with chronic lung allograft dysfunction. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210057R. [PMID: 34263577 PMCID: PMC8278781 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.7.076005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is the leading cause of death in transplant patients who survive past the first year post-transplant. Current diagnosis is based on sustained decline in lung function; there is a need for tools that can identify CLAD onset. AIM Endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) can visualize structural changes in the small airways, which are of interest in CLAD progression. We aim to identify OCT features in the small airways of lung allografts that correlate with CLAD status. APPROACH Imaging was conducted with an endoscopic rotary pullback OCT catheter during routine bronchoscopy procedures (n = 54), collecting volumetric scans of three segmental airways per patient. Six features of interest were identified, and four blinded raters scored the dataset on the presence and intensity of each feature. RESULTS Airway dilation (AD) was the only feature found to significantly (p < 0.003) correlate with CLAD diagnosis (R = 0.40 to 0.61). AD could also be fairly consistently scored between raters (κinter-rater = 0.48, κintra-rater = 0.64). There is a stronger relationship between AD and the combined obstructive and restrictive (BOS + RAS) phenotypes than the obstructive-only (BOS) phenotype for two raters (R = 0.92 , 0.94). CONCLUSIONS OCT examination of small AD shows potential as a diagnostic indicator for CLAD and CLAD phenotype and merits further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanie Malone
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Department of Integrative Oncology, Imaging Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anthony M. D. Lee
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Department of Integrative Oncology, Imaging Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Hohert
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Department of Integrative Oncology, Imaging Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Roland G. Nador
- University of British Columbia, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Vancouver General Hospital, Lung Transplant Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pierre Lane
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Department of Integrative Oncology, Imaging Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Song G, Jelly ET, Chu KK, Kendall WY, Wax A. A review of low-cost and portable optical coherence tomography. PROGRESS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2021; 3:032002. [PMID: 37645660 PMCID: PMC10465117 DOI: 10.1088/2516-1091/abfeb7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a powerful optical imaging technique capable of visualizing the internal structure of biological tissues at near cellular resolution. For years, OCT has been regarded as the standard of care in ophthalmology, acting as an invaluable tool for the assessment of retinal pathology. However, the costly nature of most current commercial OCT systems has limited its general accessibility, especially in low-resource environments. It is therefore timely to review the development of low-cost OCT systems as a route for applying this technology to population-scale disease screening. Low-cost, portable and easy to use OCT systems will be essential to facilitate widespread use at point of care settings while ensuring that they offer the necessary imaging performances needed for clinical detection of retinal pathology. The development of low-cost OCT also offers the potential to enable application in fields outside ophthalmology by lowering the barrier to entry. In this paper, we review the current development and applications of low-cost, portable and handheld OCT in both translational and research settings. Design and cost-reduction techniques are described for general low-cost OCT systems, including considerations regarding spectrometer-based detection, scanning optics, system control, signal processing, and the role of 3D printing technology. Lastly, a review of clinical applications enabled by low-cost OCT is presented, along with a detailed discussion of current limitations and outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Song
- Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed.
| | | | - Kengyeh K Chu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Wesley Y Kendall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Adam Wax
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
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Yang L, Park J, Marjanovic M, Chaney EJ, Spillman DR, Phillips H, Boppart SA. Intraoperative Label-Free Multimodal Nonlinear Optical Imaging for Point-of-Procedure Cancer Diagnostics. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2021; 27:6801412. [PMID: 33746497 PMCID: PMC7978401 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2021.3054578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Intraoperative imaging in surgical oncology can provide information about the tumor microenvironment as well as information about the tumor margin. Visualizing microstructural features and molecular and functional dynamics may provide important diagnostic and prognostic information, especially when obtained in real-time at the point-of-procedure. A majority of current intraoperative optical techniques are based on the use of the labels, such as fluorescent dyes. However, these exogenous agents disrupt the natural microenvironment, perturb biological processes, and alter the endogenous optical signatures that cells and the microenvironment can provide. Portable nonlinear imaging systems have enabled intraoperative imaging for real-time detection and diagnosis of tissue. We review the development of a label-free multimodal nonlinear optical imaging technique that was adapted into a portable imaging system for intraoperative optical assessment of resected human breast tissue. New developments have applied this technology to assessing needle-biopsy specimens. Needle-biopsy procedures most always precede surgical resection and serve as the first sampling of suspicious masses for diagnosis. We demonstrate the diagnostic feasibility of imaging core needle-biopsy specimens during veterinary cancer surgeries. This intraoperative label-free multimodal nonlinear optical imaging technique can potentially provide a powerful tool to assist in cancer diagnosis at the point-of-procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Darold R Spillman
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Heidi Phillips
- Small Animal Surgery, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, IL 61802 USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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77
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Optical interferometry based micropipette aspiration provides real-time sub-nanometer spatial resolution. Commun Biol 2021; 4:610. [PMID: 34021241 PMCID: PMC8140111 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Micropipette aspiration (MPA) is an essential tool in mechanobiology; however, its potential is far from fully exploited. The traditional MPA technique has limited temporal and spatial resolution and requires extensive post processing to obtain the mechanical fingerprints of samples. Here, we develop a MPA system that measures pressure and displacement in real time with sub-nanometer resolution thanks to an interferometric readout. This highly sensitive MPA system enables studying the nanoscale behavior of soft biomaterials under tension and their frequency-dependent viscoelastic response.
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78
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Kiseleva E, Ryabkov M, Baleev M, Bederina E, Shilyagin P, Moiseev A, Beschastnov V, Romanov I, Gelikonov G, Gladkova N. Prospects of Intraoperative Multimodal OCT Application in Patients with Acute Mesenteric Ischemia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:705. [PMID: 33920827 PMCID: PMC8071199 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the introduction of increasingly multifaceted diagnostic techniques and the general advances in emergency abdominal and vascular surgery, the outcome of treatment of patients with acute impaired intestinal circulation remains unsatisfactory. The non-invasive and high-resolution technique of optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used intraoperatively to assess intestine viability and associated conditions that frequently emerge under conditions of impaired blood circulation. This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of multimodal (MM) OCT for intraoperative diagnostics of both the microstructure (cross-polarization OCT mode) and microcirculation (OCT angiography mode) of the small intestine wall in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 18 patients were enrolled in the study. Nine of them suffered from AMI in segments II-III of the superior mesenteric artery (AMI group), whereby the ischemic segments of the intestine were examined. Nine others were operated on for adenocarcinoma of the colon (control group), thus allowing areas of their normal small intestine to be examined for comparison. Data on the microstructure and microcirculation in the walls of the small intestine were obtained intraoperatively from the side of the serous membrane using the MM OCT system (IAP RAS, Russia) before bowel resection. The MM OCT data were compared with the results of histological examination. RESULTS The study finds that MM OCT visualized the damage to serosa, muscularis externa, and blood vessels localized in these layers in 100% of AMI cases. It also visualized the submucosa in 33.3% of AMI cases. The MM OCT images of non-ischemic (control group), viable ischemic, and necrotic small intestines (AMI group) differed significantly across stratification of the distinguishable layers, the severity of intermuscular fluid accumulations, and the type and density of the vasculature. CONCLUSION The MM OCT diagnostic procedure optimally meets the requirements of emergency surgery. Data on the microstructure and microcirculation of the intestinal wall can be obtained simultaneously in real time without requiring contrast agent injections. The depth of visualization of the intestinal wall from the side of the serous membrane is sufficient to assess the volume of the affected tissues. However, the methodology for obtaining MM OCT data needs to be improved to minimize the motion artefacts generated in actual clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kiseleva
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
| | - Maxim Ryabkov
- Thermal Injury Group, University Clinic, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 18/1 Verkhnevolzhskaya Naberezhnaja, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
| | - Mikhail Baleev
- City Clinical Hospital No.30, 85A Berezovskaya St., 605157 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.B.); (V.B.); (I.R.)
| | - Evgeniya Bederina
- The Department of Pathology, University Clinic, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 18/1 Verkhnevolzhskaya Naberezhnaja, 603155 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
| | - Pavel Shilyagin
- Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (P.S.); (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Alexander Moiseev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (P.S.); (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Vladimir Beschastnov
- City Clinical Hospital No.30, 85A Berezovskaya St., 605157 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.B.); (V.B.); (I.R.)
| | - Ivan Romanov
- City Clinical Hospital No.30, 85A Berezovskaya St., 605157 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.B.); (V.B.); (I.R.)
| | - Grigory Gelikonov
- Institute of Applied Physics of the RAS, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (P.S.); (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Natalia Gladkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
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79
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Chen JH, Xiong YF, Xu F, Lu YQ. Silica optical fiber integrated with two-dimensional materials: towards opto-electro-mechanical technology. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:78. [PMID: 33854031 PMCID: PMC8046821 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the integration of graphene and related two-dimensional (2D) materials in optical fibers have stimulated significant advances in all-fiber photonics and optoelectronics. The conventional passive silica fiber devices with 2D materials are empowered for enhancing light-matter interactions and are applied for manipulating light beams in respect of their polarization, phase, intensity and frequency, and even realizing the active photo-electric conversion and electro-optic modulation, which paves a new route to the integrated multifunctional all-fiber optoelectronic system. This article reviews the fast-progress field of hybrid 2D-materials-optical-fiber for the opto-electro-mechanical devices. The challenges and opportunities in this field for future development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Chen
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yi-Feng Xiong
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yan-Qing Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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80
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Okoro C, Cunningham CR, Baillargeon AR, Wartak A, Tearney GJ. Modeling, optimization, and validation of an extended-depth-of-field optical coherence tomography probe based on a mirror tunnel. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:2393-2399. [PMID: 33690340 DOI: 10.1364/ao.420591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The diagnostic capability of high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be enhanced by using extended depth-of-field (EDOF) imaging that retains high transverse resolution over long depths. A recently developed mirror-tunnel optical probe design (single-mode fiber to multimode fiber to lens structure) that generates coaxially focused modes has been previously shown to enable EDOF for endoscopic OCT applications. Here, we present ray-tracing optical modeling of this optical configuration, which has the potential to guide performance improvement through optimization. The Huygens wave propagation of the field was traced through probe components with initial lengths. The irradiance along the x-z plane was analyzed, yielding an average full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 9 µm over a 640 µm DOF (defined as the axial range over which the beam's transverse FWHM is maintained). A custom merit function was then defined, based on the focal region illumination intensity profile that yielded the maximum possible depth having a constrained FWHM size. An orthogonal gradient descent optimization algorithm was then applied using this merit function, using the multimode fiber, spacer, and lens lengths as variables. Optimization resulted in a modeled mean 6 µm FWHM spot diameter over an EDOF of 1 mm. Following optimization, a probe was fabricated, and was validated using a custom-built near-field scanning pinhole beam profiler. The experimental results (6 µm mean FWHM over 800 µm EDOF) showed reasonable correspondence to the simulated predictions, demonstrating the potential utility of optical modeling and optimization for improving EDOF performance in mirror-tunnel endoscopic OCT probes.
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81
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Chen M, Wang J, Tan W, Feng Y, Zheng G. Miniaturized all fiber probe for optical coherence tomography and pH detection of biological tissue. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000239. [PMID: 33048463 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel all-fiber probe with 710-μm outside diameter for combined optical coherence tomography and pH detection. In cancer surgery, a significant challenge is how to completely remove the malignant tumor without cutting too much normal tissue. The difference between cancer tissue and normal tissue not only lies in morphology and structure but also in tissue pH, where malignant tissue has a lower pH. This dual-modality probe combined optical coherence tomography and pH detection of biological tissue, is expected to determine whether the tissue is cancerous quickly and accurately. The probe utilizes a typical three-segment structure (double-clad fiber - no-core fiber - graded-index fiber). We obtained a lateral resolution of ~10.6 μm, a working distance of ~506 μm and a pH measurement accuracy of 0.01 pH unit for the probe. The performance of the all-fiber probe was verified through an ex vivo experiment using the porcine brain specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Interventional Medical Devices, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Interventional Medical Devices, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijie Tan
- Shanghai Institute for Interventional Medical Devices, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Shanghai Institute for Interventional Medical Devices, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Shanghai Institute for Interventional Medical Devices, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Boškoski I, Schepis T, Tringali A, Familiari P, Bove V, Attili F, Landi R, Perri V, Costamagna G. Personalized Endoscopy in Complex Malignant Hilar Biliary Strictures. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11020078. [PMID: 33572913 PMCID: PMC7911877 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant hilar biliary obstruction (HBO) represents a complex clinical condition in terms of diagnosis, surgical and medical treatment, endoscopic approach, and palliation. The main etiology of malignant HBO is hilar cholangiocarcinoma that is considered an aggressive biliary tract's cancer and has still today a poor prognosis. Endoscopy plays a crucial role in malignant HBO from the diagnosis to the palliation. This technique allows the collection of cytological or histological samples, direct visualization of the suspect malignant tissue, and an echoendoscopic evaluation of the primary tumor and its locoregional staging. Because obstructive jaundice is the most common clinical presentation of malignant HBO, endoscopic biliary drainage, when indicated, is the preferred treatment over the percutaneous approach. Several endoscopic techniques are today available for both the diagnosis and the treatment of biliary obstruction. The choice among them can differ for each clinical scenario. In fact, a personalized endoscopic approach is mandatory in order to perform the proper procedure in the singular patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Boškoski
- Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy; (T.S.); (A.T.); (P.F.); (V.B.); (F.A.); (R.L.); (V.P.); (G.C.)
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Tommaso Schepis
- Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy; (T.S.); (A.T.); (P.F.); (V.B.); (F.A.); (R.L.); (V.P.); (G.C.)
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Tringali
- Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy; (T.S.); (A.T.); (P.F.); (V.B.); (F.A.); (R.L.); (V.P.); (G.C.)
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Familiari
- Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy; (T.S.); (A.T.); (P.F.); (V.B.); (F.A.); (R.L.); (V.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Bove
- Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy; (T.S.); (A.T.); (P.F.); (V.B.); (F.A.); (R.L.); (V.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Fabia Attili
- Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy; (T.S.); (A.T.); (P.F.); (V.B.); (F.A.); (R.L.); (V.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Rosario Landi
- Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy; (T.S.); (A.T.); (P.F.); (V.B.); (F.A.); (R.L.); (V.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Perri
- Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy; (T.S.); (A.T.); (P.F.); (V.B.); (F.A.); (R.L.); (V.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Guido Costamagna
- Center for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and training (CERTT), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Rome, Italy; (T.S.); (A.T.); (P.F.); (V.B.); (F.A.); (R.L.); (V.P.); (G.C.)
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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83
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Micko A, Placzek F, Fonollà R, Winklehner M, Sentosa R, Krause A, Vila G, Höftberger R, Andreana M, Drexler W, Leitgeb RA, Unterhuber A, Wolfsberger S. Diagnosis of Pituitary Adenoma Biopsies by Ultrahigh Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography Using Neuronal Networks. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:730100. [PMID: 34733239 PMCID: PMC8560084 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.730100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite advancements of intraoperative visualization, the difficulty to visually distinguish adenoma from adjacent pituitary gland due to textural similarities may lead to incomplete adenoma resection or impairment of pituitary function. The aim of this study was to investigate optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging in combination with a convolutional neural network (CNN) for objectively identify pituitary adenoma tissue in an ex vivo setting. METHODS A prospective study was conducted to train and test a CNN algorithm to identify pituitary adenoma tissue in OCT images of adenoma and adjacent pituitary gland samples. From each sample, 500 slices of adjacent cross-sectional OCT images were used for CNN classification. RESULTS OCT data acquisition was feasible in 19/20 (95%) patients. The 16.000 OCT slices of 16/19 of cases were employed for creating a trained CNN algorithm (70% for training, 15% for validating the classifier). Thereafter, the classifier was tested on the paired samples of three patients (3.000 slices). The CNN correctly predicted adenoma in the 3 adenoma samples (98%, 100% and 84% respectively), and correctly predicted gland and transition zone in the 3 samples from the adjacent pituitary gland. CONCLUSION Trained convolutional neural network computing has the potential for fast and objective identification of pituitary adenoma tissue in OCT images with high sensitivity ex vivo. However, further investigation with larger number of samples is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Micko
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabian Placzek
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roger Fonollà
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Video Coding and Architectures, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Michael Winklehner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ryan Sentosa
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arno Krause
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Greisa Vila
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the Department of Internal Medicine III, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Andreana
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer A. Leitgeb
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory Innovative Optical Imaging and its Translation for “Innovative Optical Imaging and its Translation into Medicine” (OPTRAMED), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Unterhuber
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Wolfsberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Stefan Wolfsberger,
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84
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Zeng Y, Chapman WC, Lin Y, Li S, Mutch M, Zhu Q. Diagnosing colorectal abnormalities using scattering coefficient maps acquired from optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000276. [PMID: 33064368 PMCID: PMC8196414 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has shown potential in differentiating normal colonic mucosa from neoplasia. In this study of 33 fresh human colon specimens, we report the first use of texture features and computer vision-based imaging features acquired from en face scattering coefficient maps to characterize colorectal tissue. En face scattering coefficient maps were generated automatically using a new fast integral imaging algorithm. From these maps, a gray-level cooccurrence matrix algorithm was used to extract texture features, and a scale-invariant feature transform algorithm was used to derive novel computer vision-based features. In total, 25 features were obtained, and the importance of each feature in diagnosis was evaluated using a random forest model. Two classifiers were assessed on two different classification tasks. A support vector machine model was found to be optimal for distinguishing normal from abnormal tissue, with 94.7% sensitivity and 94.0% specificity, while a random forest model performed optimally in further differentiating abnormal tissues (i.e., cancerous tissue and adenomatous polyp) with 86.9% sensitivity and 85.0% specificity. These results demonstrated the potential of using OCT to aid the diagnosis of human colorectal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - William C Chapman
- Department of Surgery, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yixiao Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew Mutch
- Department of Surgery, Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Quing Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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85
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Nguyen TH, Ahsen OO, Liang K, Zhang J, Mashimo H, Fujimoto JG. Correction of circumferential and longitudinal motion distortion in high-speed catheter/endoscope-based optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:226-246. [PMID: 33520383 PMCID: PMC7818954 DOI: 10.1364/boe.409074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Catheter/endoscope-based optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a powerful modality that visualizes structural information in luminal organs. Increases in OCT speed have reduced motion artifacts by enabling acquisition faster than or comparable to the time scales of physiological motion. However motion distortion remains a challenge because catheter/endoscope OCT imaging involves both circumferential and longitudinal scanning of tissue. This paper presents a novel image processing method to estimate and correct motion distortion in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions using a single en face image from a volumetric data set. The circumferential motion distortion is estimated and corrected using the en face image. Then longitudinal motion distortion is estimated and corrected using diversity of image features along the catheter pullback direction. Finally, the OCT volume is resampled and motion corrected. Results are presented on synthetic images and clinical OCT images of the human esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Huu Nguyen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- PathAI Inc., 120 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Osman Oguz Ahsen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kaicheng Liang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jason Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Hiroshi Mashimo
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, MA 02130, USA
- Havard Medical School, MA 02130, USA
| | - James G. Fujimoto
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Abstract
This contribution presents an overview of advances in scanning micromirrors based on MEMS (Micro-electro-mechanical systems) technologies to achieve beam scanning for OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography). The use of MEMS scanners for miniaturized OCT probes requires appropriate optical architectures. Their design involves a suitable actuation mechanism and an adapted imaging scheme in terms of achievable scan range, scan speed, low power consumption, and acceptable size of the OCT probe. The electrostatic, electromagnetic, and electrothermal actuation techniques are discussed here as well as the requirements that drive the design and fabrication of functional OCT probes. Each actuation mechanism is illustrated by examples of miniature OCT probes demonstrating the effectiveness of in vivo bioimaging. Finally, the design issues are discussed to permit users to select an OCT scanner that is adapted to their specific imaging needs.
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Abstract
As technology advances, electrical devices such as smartphones have become more and more compact, leading to a demand for the continuous miniaturization of optical components. Metalenses, ultrathin flat optical elements composed of metasurfaces consisting of arrays of subwavelength optical antennas, provide a method of meeting those requirements. Moreover, metalenses have many other distinctive advantages including aberration correction, active tunability, and semi-transparency, compared to their conventional refractive and diffractive counterparts. Therefore, over the last decade, great effort has been focused on developing metalenses to investigate and broaden the capabilities of metalenses for integration into future applications. Here, we discuss recent progress on metalenses including their basic design principles and notable characteristics such as aberration correction, tunability, and multifunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Won Moon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwanho Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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Liang K, Liu X, Chen S, Xie J, Qing Lee W, Liu L, Kuan Lee H. Resolution enhancement and realistic speckle recovery with generative adversarial modeling of micro-optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:7236-7252. [PMID: 33408993 PMCID: PMC7747908 DOI: 10.1364/boe.402847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A resolution enhancement technique for optical coherence tomography (OCT), based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), was developed and investigated. GANs have been previously used for resolution enhancement of photography and optical microscopy images. We have adapted and improved this technique for OCT image generation. Conditional GANs (cGANs) were trained on a novel set of ultrahigh resolution spectral domain OCT volumes, termed micro-OCT, as the high-resolution ground truth (∼1 μm isotropic resolution). The ground truth was paired with a low-resolution image obtained by synthetically degrading resolution 4x in one of (1-D) or both axial and lateral axes (2-D). Cross-sectional image (B-scan) volumes obtained from in vivo imaging of human labial (lip) tissue and mouse skin were used in separate feasibility experiments. Accuracy of resolution enhancement compared to ground truth was quantified with human perceptual accuracy tests performed by an OCT expert. The GAN loss in the optimization objective, noise injection in both the generator and discriminator models, and multi-scale discrimination were found to be important for achieving realistic speckle appearance in the generated OCT images. The utility of high-resolution speckle recovery was illustrated by an example of micro-OCT imaging of blood vessels in lip tissue. Qualitative examples applying the models to image data from outside of the training data distribution, namely human retina and mouse bladder, were also demonstrated, suggesting potential for cross-domain transferability. This preliminary study suggests that deep learning generative models trained on OCT images from high-performance prototype systems may have potential in enhancing lower resolution data from mainstream/commercial systems, thereby bringing cutting-edge technology to the masses at low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicheng Liang
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Equal contribution
| | - Xinyu Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Equal contribution
| | - Si Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore
| | - Jun Xie
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore
| | - Wei Qing Lee
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- School of Computing, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
| | - Linbo Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore
| | - Hwee Kuan Lee
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- School of Computing, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore
- Image and Pervasive Access Lab, CNRS, Singapore
- Rehabilitation Research Institute of Singapore, Singapore
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89
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Blessing K, Schirmer J, Sharma G, Singh K. Novel input polarisation independent endoscopic cross-polarised optical coherence tomography probe. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000134. [PMID: 32738024 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead by the original idea to perform noninvasive optical biopsies of various tissues, optical coherence tomography found numerous medical applications within the last two decades. The interference based imaging technique opens the possibility to visualise subcellular morphology up to an imaging depth of 3 mm and up to micron level axial and lateral resolution. The birefringence properties of the tissue are visualised with enhanced contrast using polarisation sensitive or cross-polarised optical coherence tomography (OCT) techniques. Although, it requires strict control over the polarisation states, resulting in several polarisation controlling elements. In this work, we propose a novel input-polarisation independent endoscopic system based on cross-polarised OCT. We tested the feasibility of our approach by measuring the polarisation change from a quarter-wave plate for different rotational angles. Further performance tests reveal a lateral resolution of 30 μm and a sensitivity of 103 dB. Images of the human nail bed and cow muscle tissue demonstrate the potential of the system to measure structural and birefringence properties of the tissue endoscopically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Blessing
- Research Group Singh, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Judith Schirmer
- Research Group Singh, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gargi Sharma
- Guck Division, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kanwarpal Singh
- Research Group Singh, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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90
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Guo H, Li Y, Qi W, Xi L. Photoacoustic endoscopy: A progress review. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000217. [PMID: 32935920 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Endoscopy has been widely used in biomedical imaging and integrated with various optical and acoustic imaging modalities. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI), one of the fastest growing biomedical imaging modalities, is a noninvasive and nonionizing method that owns rich optical contrast, deep acoustic penetration depth, multiscale and multiparametric imaging capability. Hence, it is preferred to miniaturize the volume of PAI and develop an emerged endoscopic imaging modality referred to as photoacoustic endoscopy (PAE). It has been developed for more than one decade since the first report of PAE. Unfortunately, until now, there is no mature photoacoustic endoscopic technique recognized in clinic due to various technical limitations. To address this concern, recent development of new scanning mechanisms, adoption of novel optical/acoustic devices, utilization of superior computation methods and exploration of multimodality strategies have significantly promoted the progress of PAE toward clinic. In this review, we comprehensively reviewed recent progresses in single- and multimodality PAE with new physics, mechanisms and strategies to achieve practical devices for potential applicable scenarios including esophageal, gastrointestinal, urogenital and intravascular imaging. We ended this review with challenges and prospects for future development of PAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Guo
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Weizhi Qi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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91
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Placzek F, Micko A, Sentosa R, Fonollà R, Winklehner M, Hosmann A, Andreana M, Höftberger R, Drexler W, Leitgeb RA, Wolfsberger S, Unterhuber A. Towards ultrahigh resolution OCT based endoscopical pituitary gland and adenoma screening: a performance parameter evaluation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:7003-7018. [PMID: 33408976 PMCID: PMC7747926 DOI: 10.1364/boe.409987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT) for differentiating pituitary gland versus adenoma tissue has been investigated for the first time, indicating more than 80% accuracy. For biomarker identification, OCT images of paraffin embedded tissue are correlated to histopathological slices. The identified biomarkers are verified on fresh biopsies. Additionally, an approach, based on resolution modified UHR-OCT ex vivo data, investigating optical performance parameters for the realization in an in vivo endoscope is presented and evaluated. The identified morphological features-cell groups with reticulin framework-detectable with UHR-OCT showcase a promising differentiation ability, encouraging endoscopic OCT probe development for in vivo application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Placzek
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Alexander Micko
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ryan Sentosa
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roger Fonollà
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Video Coding and Architectures, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Winklehner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Arthur Hosmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Andreana
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer A. Leitgeb
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory OPTRAMED, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Wolfsberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Unterhuber
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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92
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Sato M, Masuta J, Nishidate I. Differential phase imaging in full-field optical coherence microscopy using a short multimode fiber probe. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:10512-10522. [PMID: 33361986 DOI: 10.1364/ao.405226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate phase imaging that reduces the common phase noise in full-field optical coherence microscopy using a short multimode fiber (SMMF) probe. Using a cover glass, phase images of the SMMF and sample surfaces were measured simultaneously. Subtracting the phase of the SMMF surface as a reference, the phase drifts in the sample region are reduced. The axial and lateral resolutions were 2.3 µm and <4.4µm, respectively. The standard deviation of the time variation in the phase decreased from 14.3 deg to 9.2 deg and was reduced by 64% when in contact with the polymer film at the SMMF. In quantitative evaluations, the measured phases closely correspond to the phases changed by a piezoelectric device.
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93
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Locke A, Fitzgerald S, Mahadevan-Jansen A. Advances in Optical Detection of Human-Associated Pathogenic Bacteria. Molecules 2020; 25:E5256. [PMID: 33187331 PMCID: PMC7696695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection is a global burden that results in numerous hospital visits and deaths annually. The rise of multi-drug resistant bacteria has dramatically increased this burden. Therefore, there is a clinical need to detect and identify bacteria rapidly and accurately in their native state or a culture-free environment. Current diagnostic techniques lack speed and effectiveness in detecting bacteria that are culture-negative, as well as options for in vivo detection. The optical detection of bacteria offers the potential to overcome these obstacles by providing various platforms that can detect bacteria rapidly, with minimum sample preparation, and, in some cases, culture-free directly from patient fluids or even in vivo. These modalities include infrared, Raman, and fluorescence spectroscopy, along with optical coherence tomography, interference, polarization, and laser speckle. However, these techniques are not without their own set of limitations. This review summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of utilizing each of these optical tools for rapid bacteria detection and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Locke
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (A.L.); (S.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sean Fitzgerald
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (A.L.); (S.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Anita Mahadevan-Jansen
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (A.L.); (S.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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94
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New Approaches in the Study of the Pathogenesis of Urethral Pain Syndrome. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110860. [PMID: 33105749 PMCID: PMC7690567 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urethral pain syndrome (UPS) is still a pathology in which the diagnosis is formulated as a "diagnosis of exclusion". The exact pathogenetic mechanisms are not yet fully understood and clear recommendations for the prevention and treatment of UPS are absent. METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS A clinical and laboratory evaluation of 55 patients with established UPS included history taking, basic laboratory tests (e.g., complete blood count and clinical urine test), physical examination, uroflowmetry, and cystourethroscopy. Additionally, transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) with compression elastography and cross-polarization optical tomography (CP OCT) were performed in 24 and 33 patients with UPS, respectively. The control group consisted of 14 patients with no complaints from the urinary system. RESULTS TVUS showed an expansion in the diameter of the internal lumen of the urethra, especially in the proximal region compared with the norm. Compression elastography revealed areas with increased stiffness (presence of fibrosis) in urethral and surrounding tissues. The performed CP OCT study showed that in UPS, the structure of the tissues in most cases was changed: trophic alterations in the epithelium (hypertrophy or atrophy) and fibrosis of underlying connective tissue were observed. The proximal fragment of the urethra with UPS underwent changes identical to those of the bladder neck. CONCLUSION This paper showed that the introduction of new technology-CP OCT-in conjunction with TVUS will allow verification of structural changes in tissues of the lower urinary tract at the level of their architectonics and will help doctors understand better the basics of the UPS pathogenesis.
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95
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Fitzpatrick CRM, Wilson A, Sawyer TW, Christopher PJ, Wilkinson TD, Bohndiek SE, Gordon GSD. Robustness to misalignment of low-cost, compact quantitative phase imaging architectures. OSA CONTINUUM 2020; 3:2660-2679. [PMID: 34222834 PMCID: PMC8219376 DOI: 10.1364/osac.395498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Non-interferometric approaches to quantitative phase imaging could enable its application in low-cost, miniaturised settings such as capsule endoscopy. We present two possible architectures and both analyse and mitigate the effect of sensor misalignment on phase imaging performance. This is a crucial step towards determining the feasibility of implementing phase imaging in a capsule device. First, we investigate a design based on a folded 4f correlator, both in simulation and experimentally. We demonstrate a novel technique for identifying and compensating for axial misalignment and explore the limits of the approach. Next, we explore the implications of axial and transverse misalignment, and of manufacturing variations on the performance of a phase plate-based architecture, identifying a clear trade-off between phase plate resolution and algorithm convergence time. We conclude that while the phase plate architecture is more robust to misalignment, both architectures merit further development with the goal of realising a low-cost, compact system for applying phase imaging in capsule endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abby Wilson
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Travis W. Sawyer
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Peter J. Christopher
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Timothy D. Wilkinson
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Sarah E. Bohndiek
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - George S. D. Gordon
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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96
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Albrecht M, Schnabel C, Mueller J, Golde J, Koch E, Walther J. In Vivo Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography of the Healthy Human Oral Mucosa: Qualitative and Quantitative Image Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E827. [PMID: 33076312 PMCID: PMC7602587 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, there is still a lack of reliable imaging modalities to improve the quality of consultation, diagnostic and medical examinations of the oral mucosa in dentistry. Even though, optical technologies have become an important element for the detection and treatment of different diseases of soft tissue, for the case of oral screenings the evidence of the benefit in comparison to conventional histopathology is mostly still pending. One promising optical technology for oral diagnostics is optical coherence tomography (OCT). To prove the potential of OCT, even the amount of freely accessible OCT data is not sufficient to describe the variance of healthy human oral soft tissue in vivo. In order to remedy this deficiency, the present study provides in vivo OCT cross sections of the human oral mucosa of the anterior and posterior oral cavity as well as the oropharynx of 47 adult volunteers. A collection of representative OCT cross sections forms the basis for a randomized blinded image analysis by means of seven criteria to assess the main features of the superficial layers of the human oral mucosa and to determine its correlation to regional features known from hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Albrecht
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Christian Schnabel
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.A.); (C.S.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (J.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Juliane Mueller
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (J.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Jonas Golde
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (J.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Edmund Koch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (J.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Julia Walther
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.A.); (C.S.)
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97
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Rivenson Y, de Haan K, Wallace WD, Ozcan A. Emerging Advances to Transform Histopathology Using Virtual Staining. BME FRONTIERS 2020; 2020:9647163. [PMID: 37849966 PMCID: PMC10521663 DOI: 10.34133/2020/9647163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In an age where digitization is widespread in clinical and preclinical workflows, pathology is still predominantly practiced by microscopic evaluation of stained tissue specimens affixed on glass slides. Over the last decade, new high throughput digital scanning microscopes have ushered in the era of digital pathology that, along with recent advances in machine vision, have opened up new possibilities for Computer-Aided-Diagnoses. Despite these advances, the high infrastructural costs related to digital pathology and the perception that the digitization process is an additional and nondirectly reimbursable step have challenged its widespread adoption. Here, we discuss how emerging virtual staining technologies and machine learning can help to disrupt the standard histopathology workflow and create new avenues for the diagnostic paradigm that will benefit patients and healthcare systems alike via digital pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Rivenson
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kevin de Haan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W. Dean Wallace
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aydogan Ozcan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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98
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Li D, Dong D, Lam W, Xing L, Wei T, Sun D. Automated In Vivo Navigation of Magnetic-Driven Microrobots Using OCT Imaging Feedback. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 67:2349-2358. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2960530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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99
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Li J, Thiele S, Quirk BC, Kirk RW, Verjans JW, Akers E, Bursill CA, Nicholls SJ, Herkommer AM, Giessen H, McLaughlin RA. Ultrathin monolithic 3D printed optical coherence tomography endoscopy for preclinical and clinical use. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:124. [PMID: 32704357 PMCID: PMC7371638 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical diagnostics increasingly rely on techniques to visualize internal organs at high resolution via endoscopes. Miniaturized endoscopic probes are necessary for imaging small luminal or delicate organs without causing trauma to tissue. However, current fabrication methods limit the imaging performance of highly miniaturized probes, restricting their widespread application. To overcome this limitation, we developed a novel ultrathin probe fabrication technique that utilizes 3D microprinting to reliably create side-facing freeform micro-optics (<130 µm diameter) on single-mode fibers. Using this technique, we built a fully functional ultrathin aberration-corrected optical coherence tomography probe. This is the smallest freeform 3D imaging probe yet reported, with a diameter of 0.457 mm, including the catheter sheath. We demonstrated image quality and mechanical flexibility by imaging atherosclerotic human and mouse arteries. The ability to provide microstructural information with the smallest optical coherence tomography catheter opens a gateway for novel minimally invasive applications in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Li
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Simon Thiele
- Institute of Applied Optics (ITO) and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bryden C. Quirk
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Rodney W. Kirk
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Johan W. Verjans
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000 Australia
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000 Australia
| | - Emma Akers
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000 Australia
| | - Christina A. Bursill
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000 Australia
| | - Stephen J. Nicholls
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168 Australia
| | - Alois M. Herkommer
- Institute of Applied Optics (ITO) and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Harald Giessen
- 4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Robert A. McLaughlin
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
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100
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Kurochkin MA, Sindeeva OA, Brodovskaya EP, Gai M, Frueh J, Su L, Sapelkin A, Tuchin VV, Sukhorukov GB. Laser-triggered drug release from polymeric 3-D micro-structured films via optical fibers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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