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Barreto-Duran E, Szczepański A, Gałuszka-Bulaga A, Surmiak M, Siedlar M, Sanak M, Rajfur Z, Milewska A, Lenart M, Pyrć K. The interplay between the airway epithelium and tissue macrophages during the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:991991. [PMID: 36275746 PMCID: PMC9582145 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.991991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The first line of antiviral immune response in the lungs is secured by the innate immunity. Several cell types take part in this process, but airway macrophages (AMs) are among the most relevant ones. The AMs can phagocyte infected cells and activate the immune response through antigen presentation and cytokine release. However, the precise role of macrophages in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection is still largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of AMs during the SARS-CoV-2 infection using a co-culture of fully differentiated primary human airway epithelium (HAE) and human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs). Our results confirmed abortive SARS-CoV-2 infection in hMDMs, and their inability to transfer the virus to epithelial cells. However, we demonstrated a striking delay in viral replication in the HAEs when hMDMs were added apically after the epithelial infection, but not when added before the inoculation or on the basolateral side of the culture. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 inhibition by hMDMs seems to be driven by cell-to-cell contact and not by cytokine production. Together, our results show, for the first time, that the recruitment of macrophages may play an important role during the SARS-CoV-2 infection, limiting the virus replication and its spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Barreto-Duran
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Artur Szczepański
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adrianna Gałuszka-Bulaga
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Surmiak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Siedlar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zenon Rajfur
- Astronomy and Applied Computer Sciences, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Milewska
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marzena Lenart
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- *Correspondence: Krzysztof Pyrć, ; Marzena Lenart,
| | - Krzysztof Pyrć
- Virogenetics Laboratory of Virology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- *Correspondence: Krzysztof Pyrć, ; Marzena Lenart,
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52
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Lin D, Xu W, Hong P, Wu C, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Xing L, Yang B, Zhou W, Xiao Q, Wang J, Wang C, He Y, Chen X, Cao X, Man J, Reheman A, Wu X, Hao X, Hu Z, Chen C, Cao Z, Yin R, Fu ZF, Zhou R, Teng Z, Li G, Cao G. Decoding the spatial chromatin organization and dynamic epigenetic landscapes of macrophage cells during differentiation and immune activation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5857. [PMID: 36195603 PMCID: PMC9532393 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunocytes dynamically reprogram their gene expression profiles during differentiation and immunoresponse. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we develop a single-cell Hi-C method and systematically delineate the 3D genome and dynamic epigenetic atlas of macrophages during these processes. We propose "degree of disorder" to measure genome organizational patterns inside topologically-associated domains, which is correlated with the chromatin epigenetic states, gene expression, and chromatin structure variability in individual cells. Furthermore, we identify that NF-κB initiates systematic chromatin conformation reorganization upon Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The integrated Hi-C, eQTL, and GWAS analysis depicts the atlas of the long-range target genes of mycobacterial disease susceptible loci. Among these, the SNP rs1873613 is located in the anchor of a dynamic chromatin loop with LRRK2, whose inhibitor AdoCbl could be an anti-tuberculosis drug candidate. Our study provides comprehensive resources for the 3D genome structure of immunocytes and sheds insights into the order of genome organization and the coordinated gene transcription during immunoresponse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Bio-Medicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weize Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Agricultural Bioinformatics Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Big Data, 3D Genomics Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengchao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingyu Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Bio-Medicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Bio-Medicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangwei Man
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aikebaier Reheman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunli Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zimeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Bio-Medicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Animal Sciences, Yangtze River University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Rong Yin
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen F Fu
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Rong Zhou
- Dapartment of Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaowei Teng
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. .,Agricultural Bioinformatics Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Big Data, 3D Genomics Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. .,College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. .,College of Bio-Medicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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53
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Nash WT, Yee MS, Okusa MD. Myeloid Response to Acute Kidney Injury. Nephron Clin Pract 2022; 147:39-43. [PMID: 36108596 PMCID: PMC9928602 DOI: 10.1159/000526266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid cells form an important element of the response to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). While the mononuclear phagocyte system is complex and difficult to study, our knowledge of the cells involved and their impacts has been steadily increasing. However, there is still need to rigorously define and separate the functions of discreet myeloid populations in the kidney. The relatively recent distinction between resident macrophages and infiltrating monocytes in the kidney is an important advance that will enhance our understanding of the various roles of distinct myeloid populations, but specific tools are needed to rigorously define the contributions of each to injury, repair, and the transition to chronic disease. SUMMARY Resident macrophages in the kidney form a network with various supportive roles during development and homeostasis. While the classification of these cells has been frequently convoluted in the literature, evidence for their roles during injury and repair is starting to accumulate. Current indications suggest they may have a minimal role during injury processes but may be important during the recovery phase. However, their involvement may also be dependent on their activation state in response to environmental cues. Investigations of the M1/M2 phenotype of myeloid cells have shed some light on the phenotypes that contribute to the manifestation of injury and/or recovery, but it is still difficult to form detailed conclusions. Here we will discuss the potential involvement of resident cells in these processes and the use of the M1/M2 system for defining the myeloid response following IRI. KEY MESSAGES There is a need for additional specific analysis of the contribution of resident versus recruited myeloid cells to injury, recovery, and chronic disease in the kidney. In addition, the contribution of myeloid activation states that extend beyond simple M1/M2 classification is an important area that needs close attention. Our ability to assess resident cells is growing, and awareness of the shortcoming of the M1/M2 system is also increasing. These are promising developments which bode well for the future of kidney injury and disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Nash
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Marissa S. Yee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mark D. Okusa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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54
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Feng J, Ren J, Li X, Zhang X, Yang Q, Wu Z, Cui L, Liao L, Gong Y, Cao D. Phagocytosis-Regulators-Based Signature to Predict the Prognosis and Chemotherapy Resistance for Breast Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810312. [PMID: 36142251 PMCID: PMC9499262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis is crucial in tumor surveillance and immune function. The association between phagocytosis and the outcomes of breast cancer patients has not been well-determined. In this study, data were downloaded from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus (GEO) databases to investigate the role of phagocytosis in breast cancer. Data from the TCGA and GEO databases were used to investigate the prognostic role of phagocytosis in breast cancer. Then, we performed pathway enrichment analysis, copy number variation (CNV) and single-nucleotide variant (SNV) analyses, immune infiltration analysis, calculation of tumor purity, stromal score, and immune score, and consistent clustering. We also constructed a phagocytosis-regulators-based signature system to examine its association in survival and drug response. The genomic and expression differences in the phagocytosis regulators in breast cancer were systematically analyzed, explaining the widespread dysregulation of phagocytosis regulators. Using the investigated association of phagocytosis regulators with the prognosis and tumor immune environment, we constructed a prognostic model based on phagocytosis regulators. We discovered that patients with high risk scores had a poor prognosis and were negatively associated with immune functions. The model had preferential predictive performance and significantly consistent drug-resistance prediction results. Our findings suggest that the phagocytosis-factors-based scoring system can be used as a novel prognostic factor, serving as a powerful reference tool for predicting prognosis and developing methods against drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiuqi Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qingfeng Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zankai Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Le Cui
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Lingxia Liao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yiping Gong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Dedong Cao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (D.C.)
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55
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De Santi C, Nally FK, Afzal R, Duffy CP, Fitzsimons S, Annett SL, Robson T, Dowling JK, Cryan SA, McCoy CE. Enhancing arginase 2 expression using target site blockers as a strategy to modulate macrophage phenotype. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:643-655. [PMID: 36090747 PMCID: PMC9424864 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are plastic cells playing a crucial role in innate immunity. While fundamental in responding to infections, when persistently maintained in a pro-inflammatory state they can initiate and sustain inflammatory diseases. Therefore, a strategy that reprograms pro-inflammatory macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype could hold therapeutic potential in that context. We have recently shown that arginase 2 (Arg2), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in arginine metabolism, promotes the resolution of inflammation in macrophages and it is targeted by miR-155. Here, we designed and tested a target site blocker (TSB) that specifically interferes and blocks the interaction between miR-155 and Arg2 mRNA, leading to Arg2 increased expression and activity. In bone marrow-derived macrophages transfected with Arg2 TSB (in the presence or absence of the pro-inflammatory stimulus LPS), we observed an overall shift of the polarization status of macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, as shown by significant changes in surface markers (CD80 and CD71), metabolic parameters (mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation) and cytokines secretion (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF). Moreover, in an in vivo model of LPS-induced acute inflammation, intraperitoneal administration of Arg2 TSB led to an overall decrease in systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Overall, this proof-of-concept strategy represent a promising approach to modulating macrophage phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara De Santi
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Corresponding author Chiara De Santi, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Frances K. Nally
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Remsha Afzal
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor P. Duffy
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Fitzsimons
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephanie L. Annett
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tracy Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer K. Dowling
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sally-Ann Cryan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- SFI Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- SFI Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire E. McCoy
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
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56
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Najafi A, Keykhaee M, Khorramdelazad H, Karimi MY, Nejatbakhsh Samimi L, Aghamohamadi N, Karimi M, Falak R, Khoobi M. Catalase application in cancer therapy: Simultaneous focusing on hypoxia attenuation and macrophage reprogramming. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113483. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Hoenow S, Yan K, Noll J, Groneberg M, Casar C, Lory NC, Vogelsang M, Hansen C, Wolf V, Fehling H, Sellau J, Mittrücker HW, Lotter H. The Properties of Proinflammatory Ly6Chi Monocytes Are Differentially Shaped by Parasitic and Bacterial Liver Infections. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162539. [PMID: 36010615 PMCID: PMC9406626 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past, proinflammatory CD11b+Ly6Chi monocytes were predominantly considered as a uniform population. However, recent investigations suggests that this population is far more diverse than previously thought. For example, in mouse models of Entamoeba (E.) histolytica and Listeria (L.) monocytogenes liver infections, it was shown that their absence had opposite effects. In the former model, it ameliorated parasite-dependent liver injury, whereas in the listeria model it exacerbated liver pathology. Here, we analyzed Ly6Chi monocytes from the liver of both infection models at transcriptome, protein, and functional levels. Paralleled by E. histolytica- and L. monocytogenes-specific differences in recruitment-relevant chemokines, both infections induced accumulation of Ly6C+ monocytes at infection sites. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a high similarity between monocytes from naïve and parasite-infected mice and a clear proinflammatory phenotype of listeria-induced monocytes. This was further reflected by the upregulation of M2-related transcription factors (e.g., Mafb, Nr4a1, Fos) and higher CD14 expression by Ly6Chi monocytes in the E. histolytica infection model. In contrast, monocytes from the listeria infection model expressed M1-related transcription factors (e.g., Irf2, Mndal, Ifi204) and showed higher expression of CD38, CD74, and CD86, as well as higher ROS production. Taken together, proinflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes vary considerably depending on the causative pathogen. By using markers identified in the study, Ly6Chi monocytes can be further subdivided into different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hoenow
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Yan
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jill Noll
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marie Groneberg
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Casar
- Bioinformatic Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niels Christian Lory
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Vogelsang
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Hansen
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Wolf
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helena Fehling
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julie Sellau
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Willi Mittrücker
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannelore Lotter
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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58
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Hsu CY, Chiu WC, Huang YL, Su YJ. Identify differential inflammatory cellular and serology pathways between children and adult patients in the lupus registry. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29916. [PMID: 35960068 PMCID: PMC9371509 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age variances in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may reflect different patterns and consequences. Monocyte differentiation is critical, and cytokine and chemokine milieu may be associated with long term outcome and treatment responses. This study aims to evaluate the inflammatory cellular and serology pathways associated with age in our lupus registry. METHODS We included patients with SLE and divided them into 2 groups according to age, ≤18 or >18 years old. We performed flow cytometry analysis to define the peripheral blood monocyte differentiation pattern and phenotypes and used the multiplex method to detect cytokine and chemokine panels. The results were then compared between the 2 subgroups. RESULTS In total, 47 SLE patients were included in this study. Of those, 23 patients were 18 years old or younger, and 24 patients were over the age of 18 years old. An increased distribution of circulating Type 2b macrophage (M2b) subsets was found in patients over 18 years old (P < 0.01), and we found the Type 1 macrophage (M1) to demonstrate a marked increase in those patients ≤18 years old (P = .05). Eotaxin values were significantly higher in patients >18 years old (P = .03), and Macrophage Inflammatory Protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta, Interleukine (IL)-1Ra, Interferon (IFN)-alpha2, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-7, IL-9, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP)-3, Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-alpha, and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-beta were significantly higher in patients ≤18 years old (all P < .05). CONCLUSIONS We found significant M2b polarization in adult SLE patients, and several cytokines and chemokines were significantly higher in SLE patients ≤ 18 years old. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell differentiation and cytokine milieu could represent composite harm from both Type 2 helper T cells (Th2) and Type 17 helper T cells (Th17) pathways and may thus be a potential therapeutic target in younger SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yuan Hsu
- Departments of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chan Chiu
- Departments of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Huang
- Departments of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jih Su
- Departments of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Yu-Jih Su, Departments of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, No. 123, Ta Pei Road, Niao Sung Hsiang, Kaohsiung City 833, Taiwan (e-mail: )
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59
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Sao P, Chand Y, Al-Keridis LA, Saeed M, Alshammari N, Singh S. Classifying Integrated Signature Molecules in Macrophages of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, and Periodontal Disease: An Omics-Based Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:3496-3517. [PMID: 36005137 PMCID: PMC9406916 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44080241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and periodontal disease (PD) are chronic inflammatory diseases that are globally prevalent, and pose a public health concern. The search for a potential mechanism linking PD to RA and OA continues, as it could play a significant role in disease prevention and treatment. Recent studies have linked RA, OA, and PD to Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG), a periodontal bacterium, through a similar dysregulation in an inflammatory mechanism. This study aimed to identify potential gene signatures that could assist in early diagnosis as well as gain insight into the molecular mechanisms of these diseases. The expression data sets with the series IDs GSE97779, GSE123492, and GSE24897 for macrophages of RA, OA synovium, and PG stimulated macrophages (PG-SM), respectively, were retrieved and screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The 72 common DEGs among RA, OA, and PG-SM were further subjected to gene–gene correlation analysis. A GeneMANIA interaction network of the 47 highly correlated DEGs comprises 53 nodes and 271 edges. Network centrality analysis identified 15 hub genes, 6 of which are DEGs (API5, ATE1, CCNG1, EHD1, RIN2, and STK39). Additionally, two significantly up-regulated non-hub genes (IER3 and RGS16) showed interactions with hub genes. Functional enrichment analysis of the genes showed that “apoptotic regulation” and “inflammasomes” were among the major pathways. These eight genes can serve as important signatures/targets, and provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of PG-induced RA, OA, and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Sao
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki 225003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yamini Chand
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki 225003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (L.A.A.-K.); (S.S.)
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachidanand Singh
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki 225003, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology, and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science & Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar 384315, Gujarat, India
- Correspondence: (L.A.A.-K.); (S.S.)
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Rippon MG, Rogers AA, Ousey K, Atkin L, Williams K. The importance of periwound skin in wound healing: an overview of the evidence. J Wound Care 2022; 31:648-659. [PMID: 36001708 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.8.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
DECLARATION OF INTEREST The authors have no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen Ousey
- Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Huddersfield.,Adjunct Professor, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health at the Queensland University of Technology, Australia.,Visiting Professor, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Kate Williams
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
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Balan I, Aurelian L, Williams KS, Campbell B, Meeker RB, Morrow AL. Inhibition of human macrophage activation via pregnane neurosteroid interactions with toll-like receptors: Sex differences and structural requirements. Front Immunol 2022; 13:940095. [PMID: 35967446 PMCID: PMC9373802 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.940095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently discovered that (3α,5α)3-hydroxypregnan-20-one (allopregnanolone) inhibits pro-inflammatory toll-like receptor (TLR) activation and cytokine/chemokine production in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. The present studies evaluate neurosteroid actions upon TLR activation in human macrophages from male and female healthy donors. Buffy coat leukocytes were obtained from donors at the New York Blood Center (http://nybloodcenter.org/), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and cultured to achieve macrophage differentiation. TLR4 and TLR7 were activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or imiquimod in the presence/absence of allopregnanolone or related neurosteroids and pro-inflammatory markers were detected by ELISA or western blotting. Cultured human monocyte-derived-macrophages exhibited typical morphology, a mixed immune profile of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers, with no sex difference at baseline. Allopregnanolone inhibited TLR4 activation in male and female donors, preventing LPS-induced elevations of TNF-α, MCP-1, pCREB and pSTAT1. In contrast, 3α,5α-THDOC and SGE-516 inhibited the TLR4 pathway activation in female, but not male donors. Allopregnanolone completely inhibited TLR7 activation by imiquimod, blocking IL-1-β, IL-6, pSTAT1 and pIRF7 elevations in females only. 3α,5α-THDOC and SGE-516 partially inhibited TLR7 activation, only in female donors. The results indicate that allopregnanolone inhibits TLR4 and TLR7 activation in cultured human macrophages resulting in diminished cytokine/chemokine production. Allopregnanolone inhibition of TLR4 activation was found in males and females, but inhibition of TLR7 signals exhibited specificity for female donors. 3α,5α-THDOC and SGE-516 inhibited TLR4 and TLR7 pathways only in females. These studies demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects of allopregnanolone in human macrophages for the first time and suggest that inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines may contribute to its therapeutic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Balan
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Laure Aurelian
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kimberly S. Williams
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Brian Campbell
- Translational Sciences, Sage Therapeutics Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Rick B. Meeker
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - A. Leslie Morrow
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: A. Leslie Morrow,
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New-Aaron M, Dagur RS, Koganti SS, Ganesan M, Wang W, Makarov E, Ogunnaike M, Kharbanda KK, Poluektova LY, Osna NA. Alcohol and HIV-Derived Hepatocyte Apoptotic Bodies Induce Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1059. [PMID: 36101437 PMCID: PMC9312505 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we found that both HIV and acetaldehyde, an alcohol metabolite, induce hepatocyte apoptosis, resulting in the release of large extracellular vesicles called apoptotic bodies (ABs). The engulfment of these hepatocyte ABs by hepatic stellate cells (HSC) leads to their profibrotic activation. This study aims to establish the mechanisms of HSC activation after engulfment of ABs from acetaldehyde and HIV-exposed hepatocytes (ABAGS+HIV). In vitro experiments were performed on Huh7.5-CYP (RLW) cells to generate hepatocyte ABs and LX2 cells were used as HSC. To generate ABs, RLW cells were pretreated for 24 h with acetaldehyde, then exposed overnight to HIV1ADA and to acetaldehyde for 96 h. Thereafter, ABs were isolated from cell suspension by a differential centrifugation method and incubated with LX2 cells (3:1 ratio) for profibrotic genes and protein analyses. We found that HSC internalized ABs via the tyrosine kinase receptor, Axl. While the HIV gag RNA/HIV proteins accumulated in ABs elicited no productive infection in LX2 and immune cells, they triggered ROS and IL6 generation, which, in turn, activated profibrotic genes via the JNK-ERK1/2 and JAK-STAT3 pathways. Similarly, ongoing profibrotic activation was observed in immunodeficient NSG mice fed ethanol and injected with HIV-derived RLW ABs. We conclude that HSC activation by hepatocyte ABAGS+HIV engulfment is mediated by ROS-dependent JNK-ERK1/2 and IL6 triggering of JAK-STAT3 pathways. This can partially explain the mechanisms of liver fibrosis development frequently observed among alcohol abusing PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses New-Aaron
- Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health and Toxicology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.S.D.); (S.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.O.); (K.K.K.)
| | - Raghubendra Singh Dagur
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.S.D.); (S.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.O.); (K.K.K.)
| | - Siva Sankar Koganti
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.S.D.); (S.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.O.); (K.K.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.S.D.); (S.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.O.); (K.K.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Weimin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (W.W.); (E.M.); (L.Y.P.)
| | - Edward Makarov
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (W.W.); (E.M.); (L.Y.P.)
| | - Mojisola Ogunnaike
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.S.D.); (S.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.O.); (K.K.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.S.D.); (S.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.O.); (K.K.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Larisa Y. Poluektova
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (W.W.); (E.M.); (L.Y.P.)
| | - Natalia A. Osna
- Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health and Toxicology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.S.D.); (S.S.K.); (M.G.); (M.O.); (K.K.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (W.W.); (E.M.); (L.Y.P.)
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CCL22-Polarized TAMs to M2a Macrophages in Cervical Cancer In Vitro Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132027. [PMID: 35805111 PMCID: PMC9265611 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are dynamic cells susceptible to the local microenvironment which includes tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancers. TAMs are a collection of heterogeneous macrophages, including M1 and M2 subtypes, shaped by various activation modes and labeled with various markers in different tumors. CCL22+-infiltrating cells are thought to be significantly associated with the prognosis of cervical cancer patients. Moreover, CCL22 is an established marker of M2a macrophages. Although the phenotypic identification of M1 and M2 macrophages is well established in mice and human macrophages cultured in a medium with fetal calf serum (FCS), fewer studies have focused on M2 subtypes. In addition, the question of whether CCL22 affects polarization of M2a macrophages remains unanswered. This study constructed a co-culture system to shape TAMs in vitro. We found that CCL22 was mainly secreted by TAMs but not cervical cancer cell lines. Human peripheral blood monocytes were differentiated into uncommitted macrophages (M0) and then polarized to M1, M2a, M2b, and M2c macrophages using LPS plus IFNr, IL-4, LPS plus IL1β, and IL-10, respectively. Using flowcytometry, we found CD80++ was the marker of M1 and M2b, CD206++ was the marker of M2a, and CD163++ was the marker of M2c, compared with M0 macrophages. By regulating CCL22, we found that the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD206 in TAMs was significantly affected compared to the control group. Therefore, CCL22 could polarize TAMs of cervical cancer toward M2a macrophages. In conclusion, our study revealed that CCL22 could be a therapeutic target for cervical cancer, which might be because of its role in regulating macrophage polarization.
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Furgiuele S, Descamps G, Cascarano L, Boucq A, Dubois C, Journe F, Saussez S. Dealing with Macrophage Plasticity to Address Therapeutic Challenges in Head and Neck Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126385. [PMID: 35742830 PMCID: PMC9224268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The head and neck tumor microenvironment (TME) is highly infiltrated with macrophages. More specifically, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM/M2-like) are one of the most critical components associated with poor overall survival in head and neck cancers (HNC). Two extreme states of macrophage phenotypes are described as conducting pro-inflammatory/anti-tumoral (M1) or anti-inflammatory/pro-tumoral (M2) activities. Moreover, specific metabolic pathways as well as oxidative stress responses are tightly associated with their phenotypes and functions. Hence, due to their plasticity, targeting M2 macrophages to repolarize in the M1 phenotype would be a promising cancer treatment. In this context, we evaluated macrophage infiltration in 60 HNC patients and demonstrated the high infiltration of CD68+ cells that were mainly related to CD163+ M2 macrophages. We then optimized a polarization protocol from THP1 monocytes, validated by specific gene and protein expression levels. In addition, specific actors of glutamine pathway and oxidative stress were quantified to indicate the use of glutaminolysis by M2 and the production of reactive oxygen species by M1. Finally, we evaluated and confirmed the plasticity of our model using M1 activators to repolarize M2 in M1. Overall, our study provides a complete reversible polarization protocol allowing us to further evaluate various reprogramming effectors targeting glutaminolysis and/or oxidative stress in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Furgiuele
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (S.F.); (G.D.); (L.C.); (A.B.); (F.J.)
| | - Géraldine Descamps
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (S.F.); (G.D.); (L.C.); (A.B.); (F.J.)
| | - Lorena Cascarano
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (S.F.); (G.D.); (L.C.); (A.B.); (F.J.)
| | - Ambre Boucq
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (S.F.); (G.D.); (L.C.); (A.B.); (F.J.)
| | - Christine Dubois
- Cytometry Core Facility, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Fabrice Journe
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (S.F.); (G.D.); (L.C.); (A.B.); (F.J.)
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven Saussez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 8, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (S.F.); (G.D.); (L.C.); (A.B.); (F.J.)
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-65-37-3584
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Yakupova EI, Maleev GV, Krivtsov AV, Plotnikov EY. Macrophage polarization in hypoxia and ischemia/reperfusion: Insights into the role of energetic metabolism. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:958-971. [PMID: 35220781 PMCID: PMC9189569 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221080130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, the key cells of innate immunity, possess wide phenotypical and functional heterogeneity. In vitro studies showed that microenvironment signals could induce the so-called polarization of macrophages into two phenotypes: classically activated macrophages (M1) or alternatively activated macrophages (M2). Functionally, they are considered as proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory/pro-regenerative, respectively. However, in vivo studies into macrophage states revealed a continuum of phenotypes from M1 to M2 state instead of the clearly distinguished extreme phenotypes. An important role in determining the type of polarization of macrophages is played by energy metabolism, including the activity of oxidative phosphorylation. In this regard, hypoxia and ischemia that affect cellular energetics can modulate macrophage polarization. Here, we overview the data on macrophage polarization during metabolic shift-associated pathologies including ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion in various organs and discuss the role of energy metabolism potentially triggering the macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira I Yakupova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Grigoriy V Maleev
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Andrei V Krivtsov
- Center for Pediatric Cancer Therapeutics, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Li X, Li R, You N, Zhao X, Li J, Jiang W. Butyric Acid Ameliorates Myocardial Fibrosis by Regulating M1/M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Promoting Recovery of Mitochondrial Function. Front Nutr 2022; 9:875473. [PMID: 35662928 PMCID: PMC9159497 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.875473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of butyric acid on rat myocardial fibrosis (MF). Methods 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota characteristics of the Sham group and MF group. HPLC was applied to measure butyric acid in the feces and serum. In vitro, rat macrophages RMa-bm were stimulated with LPS and IL-4, respectively, and then butyrate was added to study the influences of butyrate on M1/M2 polarization and mitochondrial function of rat macrophages. The rat macrophages and rat myocardial fibroblasts were co-cultured to explore the effect of butyrate on rat myocardial fibroblasts. In addition, MF rats were fed with butyric acid diet. Results Compared with the Sham group, collagen deposition in the MF group was increased, and fibrosis was serious. The abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae and Helicobacteraceae in the MF group was increased compared with the Sham group. Gut epithelial cells were destroyed in the MF group compared with the Sham group. Compared with the Sham group, LPS content in the MF group was increased and butyric acid was decreased. Butyrate inhibited M1 and promoted M2. Furthermore, butyrate may promote mitochondrial function recovery by regulating M1/M2 polarization of macrophages. After adding butyrate, cell proliferation ability was decreased, and aging and apoptosis were increased, which indicated that butyrate inhibited rat myocardial fibroblasts activity. Moreover, butyric acid could protect mitochondria and improve the symptoms of rats with MF. Conclusions Butyric acid ameliorated MF by regulating M1/M2 polarization of macrophages and promoting recovery of mitochondrial function.
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Soni S, O'Dea KP, Abe E, Khamdan M, Shah SV, Sarathchandra P, Wilson MR, Takata M. Microvesicle-Mediated Communication Within the Alveolar Space: Mechanisms of Uptake by Epithelial Cells and Alveolar Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:853769. [PMID: 35572508 PMCID: PMC9094433 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.853769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-alveolar microvesicles (MVs) are important mediators of inter-cellular communication within the alveolar space, and are key components in the pathophysiology of lung inflammation such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Despite the abundance of data detailing the pro-inflammatory effects of MVs, it remains unclear how MVs interact or signal with target cells in the alveolus. Using both in vivo and in vitro alveolar models, we analyzed the dynamics of MV uptake by resident alveolar cells: alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells. Under resting conditions, the overwhelming majority of MVs were taken up by alveolar macrophages. However, following lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation, epithelial cells internalized significantly more MVs (p<0.01) whilst alveolar macrophage internalization was significantly reduced (p<0.01). We found that alveolar macrophages adopted a pro-inflammatory phenotype after internalizing MVs under resting conditions, but reduction of MV uptake following LPS pre-treatment was associated with loss of inflammatory phenotype. Instead, MVs induced significant epithelial cell inflammation following LPS pre-treatment, when MV internalization was most significant. Using pharmacological inhibitors, we interrogated the mechanisms of MV internalization to identify which endocytic pathways and cell surface receptors are involved. We demonstrated that epithelial cells are exclusively dependent on the clathrin and caveolin dependent endocytotic pathway, whereas alveolar macrophage uptake may involve a significant phagocytic component. Furthermore, alveolar macrophages predominantly engulf MVs via scavenger receptors whilst, epithelial cells internalize MVs via a phosphatidylserine/integrin receptor mediated pathway (specifically alpha V beta III), which can be inhibited with phosphatidylserine-binding protein (i.e. annexin V). In summary, we have undertaken a comprehensive evaluation of MV internalization within the alveolar space. Our results demonstrate that different environmental conditions can modulate MV internalization, with inflammatory stimuli strongly enhancing epithelial cell uptake of MVs and inducing epithelial cell activation. Our data reveal the unique mechanisms by which alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells internalize MVs thereby elucidating how MVs exert their pathophysiological effect during lung inflammation and injury. As MVs are potential novel therapeutic targets in conditions such as ARDS, these data provide crucial insights into the dynamics of MV-target cell interactions and highlight potential avenues for researchers to modulate and inhibit their pro-inflammatory actions within the alveolar space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanooj Soni
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kieran P O'Dea
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eiko Abe
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam Khamdan
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sneh V Shah
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Padmini Sarathchandra
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R Wilson
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Masao Takata
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Luo XB, Li LT, Xi JC, Liu HT, Liu Z, Yu L, Tang PF. Negative pressure promotes macrophage M1 polarization after Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection via the lncRNA XIST/microRNA-125b-5p/A20/NF-κB axis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1514:116-131. [PMID: 35579934 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Experiments have demonstrated the regulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in tuberculosis (TB), and negative pressure treatment has been associated with the alleviation of TB. Here, we investigated the interaction of negative pressure and the lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in modulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. Initially, we established an in vitro cell model of MTB infection and an in vivo mouse model of MTB infection, followed by treatment with negative pressure. Then, we examined the expression of XIST, followed by analysis of the downstream miRNA of XIST. XIST was overexpressed or underexpressed through cell transfection to examine its effects on macrophage polarization via the miR-125b-5p/A2 axis. The MTB models were characterized by upregulated XIST and downregulated miR-125b-5p. XIST bound to miR-125b-5p, leading to its downregulation, and thus causing higher MTB survival in an ESAT-6-dependent manner. Additionally, negative pressure treatment decreased MTB-driven XIST expression through downregulation of A20 (an NF-κB repressor) via miR-125b-5 expression, promoting the M1 polarization program in macrophages through activation of the NF-κB pathway. In summary, negative pressure treatment after MTB infection can promote the polarization of macrophages to the proinflammatory M1 phenotype by regulating the XIST/miR-125b-5p/A20/NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The 8th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Tao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The 8th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, The 8th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Tao Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The 8th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Long Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The 8th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Fu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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A Soft Zwitterionic Hydrogel as Potential Coating on a Polyimide Surface to Reduce Foreign Body Reaction to Intraneural Electrodes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103126. [PMID: 35630604 PMCID: PMC9147366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive intraneural electrodes can control advanced neural-interfaced prostheses in human amputees. Nevertheless, in chronic implants, the progressive formation of a fibrotic capsule can gradually isolate the electrode surface from the surrounding tissue leading to loss of functionality. This is due to a nonspecific inflammatory response called foreign-body reaction (FBR). The commonly used poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based low-fouling coatings of implantable devices can be easily encapsulated and are susceptible to oxidative damage in long-term in vivo applications. Recently, sulfobetaine-based zwitterionic hydrogels have emerged as an important class of robust ultra-low fouling biomaterials, holding great potential to mitigate FBR. The aim of this proof-of-principle in vitro work was to assess whether the organic zwitterionic—poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) [poly(SBMA)]—hydrogel could be a suitable coating for Polyimide (PI)-based intraneural electrodes to reduce FBR. We first synthesized and analyzed the hydrogel through a mechanical characterization (i.e., Young’s modulus). Then, we demonstrated reduced adhesion and activation of fibrogenic and pro-inflammatory cells (i.e., human myofibroblasts and macrophages) on the hydrogel compared with PEG-coated and polystyrene surfaces using cell viability assays, confocal fluorescence microscopy and high-content analysis of oxidative stress production. Interestingly, we successfully coated PI surfaces with a thin film of the hydrogel through covalent bond and demonstrated its high hydrophilicity via water contact angle measurement. Importantly, we showed the long-term release of an anti-fibrotic drug (i.e., Everolimus) from the hydrogel. Because of the low stiffness, biocompatibility, high hydration and ultra-low fouling characteristics, our zwitterionic hydrogel could be envisioned as long-term diffusion-based delivery system for slow and controlled anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic drug release in vivo.
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70
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Single-cell landscape of immunocytes in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2022; 20:210. [PMID: 35562760 PMCID: PMC9103331 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03424-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The intricate landscape of immunocytes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is fundamental to immunotherapy but notably under-researched in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECCA). Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was conducted to make an in-depth analysis of immunocytes from matched tumor tissues, paratumor tissues and peripheral blood from ECCA patients. The potential cellular interactions between two cell populations were analyzed with software CellPhoneDB (v2.1.7). Results We obtained 13526 cells and characterized the transcriptomes and heterogeneity of different clusters and subclusters of immunocytes from ECCA, including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells and myeloid immunocytes. We observed the rarely described immunocyte subclusters "intermediate" exhausted CD8+ T (CD8+ Tex) cells and “nonclassic” plasmacytes (CD27+ CD138+ CD38−). In addition, we identified potential immunotherapy targets, for example, ACP5, MAGEH1, TNFRSF9 and CCR8 for Tregs and MT1 for CD8+ Tex cells. We also found strong cellular interactions among Treg cells, M2 macrophages and CD8+ Tex cells through ligand–receptor analysis, implying that potential cellular cross-linkage promoted the immunosuppressive nature of the TME. Conclusions In a word, our study illuminated the components of the TME and revealed potential cellular interactions at the individual cellular level in ECCA, we aimed to provide a new perspective for further immunological studies and immunotherapy of ECCA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03424-5.
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71
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A cardioimmunologist's toolkit: genetic tools to dissect immune cells in cardiac disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:395-413. [PMID: 35523863 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardioimmunology is a field that encompasses the immune cells and pathways that modulate cardiac function in homeostasis and regulate the temporal balance between tissue injury and repair in disease. Over the past two decades, genetic fate mapping and high-dimensional sequencing techniques have defined increasing functional heterogeneity of innate and adaptive immune cell populations in the heart and other organs, revealing a complexity not previously appreciated and challenging established frameworks for the immune system. Given these rapid advances, understanding how to use these tools has become crucial. However, cardiovascular biologists without immunological expertise might not be aware of the strengths and caveats of immune-related tools and how they can be applied to examine the pathogenesis of myocardial diseases. In this Review, we guide readers through case-based examples to demonstrate how tool selection can affect data quality and interpretation and we provide critical analysis of the experimental tools that are currently available, focusing on their use in models of ischaemic heart injury and heart failure. The goal is to increase the use of relevant immunological tools and strategies among cardiovascular researchers to improve the precision, translatability and consistency of future studies of immune cells in cardiac disease.
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72
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Soliman SSM, El-Labbad EM, Abu-Qiyas A, Fayed B, Hamoda AM, Al-Rawi AM, Dakalbab S, El-Shorbagi ANA, Hamad M, Ibrahim AS, Mohammad MG. Novel Secreted Peptides From Rhizopus arrhizus var. delemar With Immunomodulatory Effects That Enhance Fungal Pathogenesis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:863133. [PMID: 35387075 PMCID: PMC8977774 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.863133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted fungal peptides are known to influence the interactions between the pathogen and host innate immunity. The aim of this study is to screen and evaluate secreted peptides from the fungus Rhizopus arrhizus var. delemar for their immunomodulatory activity. By using mass spectrometry and immuno-informatics analysis, we identified three secreted peptides CesT (S16), Colicin (S17), and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase/ligand (CAMK/CAMKL; S27). Culturing peripheral blood-derived monocytic macrophages (PBMMs) in the presence of S16 or S17 caused cell clumping, while culturing them with S27 resulted in the formation of spindle-shaped cells. S27-treated PBMMs showed cell cycle arrest at G0 phase and exhibited alternatively activated macrophage phenotype with pronounced reduction in scavenger receptors CD163 and CD206. Homology prediction indicated that IL-4/IL-13 is the immunomodulatory target of S27. Confirming this prediction, S27 initiated macrophage activation through phosphorylation of STAT-6; STAT-6 inhibition reversed the activity of S27 and reduced the formation of spindle-shaped PBMMs. Lastly, S27 treatment of PBMMs was associated with altered expression of key iron regulatory genes including hepcidin, ferroportin, transferrin receptor 1, and ferritin in a pattern consistent with increased cellular iron release; a condition known to enhance Rhizopus infection. Collectively, R. arrhizus var. delemar secretes peptides with immunomodulatory activities that support fungal pathogenesis. Targeting the IL-4/IL-13R/STAT-6 axis is a potential therapeutic approach to enhance the PBMM-mediated fungal phagocytosis. This represents a potential new approach to overcome lethal mucormycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh S M Soliman
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eman M El-Labbad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ameera Abu-Qiyas
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bahgat Fayed
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Product Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa M Hamoda
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Al-Rawi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salam Dakalbab
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdel-Nasser A El-Shorbagi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mawieh Hamad
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashraf S Ibrahim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States.,David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mohammad G Mohammad
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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73
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Seicol BJ, Lin S, Xie R. Age-Related Hearing Loss Is Accompanied by Chronic Inflammation in the Cochlea and the Cochlear Nucleus. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:846804. [PMID: 35418849 PMCID: PMC8995794 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.846804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a major hearing impairment characterized by pathological changes in both the peripheral and central auditory systems. Low-grade inflammation was observed in the cochlea of deceased human subjects with ARHL and animal models of early onset ARHL, which suggests that inflammation contributes to the development of ARHL. However, it remains elusive how chronic inflammation progresses during normal aging in the cochlea, and especially the accompanying changes of neuroinflammation in the central auditory system. To address this, we investigated chronic inflammation in both the cochlea and the cochlear nucleus (CN) of CBA/CaJ mice, an inbred mouse strain that undergoes normal aging and develops human, like-late-onset ARHL. Using immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, and quantitative image processing, we measured the accumulation and activation of macrophages in the cochlea and microglia in the CN using their shared markers: ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) and CD68-a marker of phagocytic activity. We found progressive increases in the area covered by Iba1-labeled macrophages and enhanced CD68 staining in the osseous spiral lamina of the cochlea that correlated with elevated ABR threshold across the lifespan. During the process, we further identified significant increases in microglial activation and C1q deposition in the CN, indicating increased neuroinflammation and complement activation in the central auditory system. Our study suggests that during normal aging, chronic inflammation occurs in both the peripheral and the central auditory system, which may contribute in coordination to the development of ARHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Seicol
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shengyin Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ruili Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Narazaki A, Shimizu R, Yoshihara T, Kikuta J, Sakaguchi R, Tobita S, Mori Y, Ishii M, Nishikawa K. Determination of the physiological range of oxygen tension in bone marrow monocytes using two-photon phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3497. [PMID: 35273210 PMCID: PMC8913795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is a key regulator of both development and homeostasis. To study the role of oxygen, a variety of in vitro and ex vivo cell and tissue models have been used in biomedical research. However, because of ambiguity surrounding the level of oxygen that cells experience in vivo, the cellular pathway related to oxygenation state and hypoxia have been inadequately studied in many of these models. Here, we devised a method to determine the oxygen tension in bone marrow monocytes using two-photon phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy with the cell-penetrating phosphorescent probe, BTPDM1. Phosphorescence lifetime imaging revealed the physiological level of oxygen tension in monocytes to be 5.3% in live mice exposed to normal air. When the mice inhaled hypoxic air, the level of oxygen tension in bone marrow monocytes decreased to 2.4%. By performing in vitro cell culture experiment within the physiological range of oxygen tension, hypoxia changed the molecular phenotype of monocytes, leading to enhanced the expression of CD169 and CD206, which are markers of a unique subset of macrophages in bone marrow, osteal macrophages. This current study enables the determination of the physiological range of oxygen tension in bone marrow with spatial resolution at a cellular level and application of this information on oxygen tension in vivo to in vitro assays. Quantifying oxygen tension in tissues can provide invaluable information on metabolism under physiological and pathophyisological conditions. This method will open new avenues for research on oxygen biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Narazaki
- Graduate School of Medicine/Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Reito Shimizu
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Metabolic Biochemistry, Department of Medical Life Systems, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Tatara Miyakodani 1-3, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Toshitada Yoshihara
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Junichi Kikuta
- Graduate School of Medicine/Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Laboratory of Bioimaging and Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8, Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.,Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Reiko Sakaguchi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.,WPI-Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Seiji Tobita
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.,WPI-Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Graduate School of Medicine/Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Laboratory of Bioimaging and Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8, Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.,Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keizo Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Medicine/Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Laboratory of Cell Biology and Metabolic Biochemistry, Department of Medical Life Systems, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Tatara Miyakodani 1-3, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan. .,Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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75
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Stepanov YV, Golovynska I, Golovynskyi S, Garmanchuk LV, Gorbach O, Stepanova LI, Khranovska N, Ostapchenko LI, Ohulchanskyy TY, Qu J. Red and near infrared light-stimulated angiogenesis mediated via Ca 2+ influx, VEGF production and NO synthesis in endothelial cells in macrophage or malignant environments. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 227:112388. [PMID: 35074677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation with red or near-infrared (NIR) light in low level light therapy (LLLT) is found to stimulate cellular processes and bioenergetics, resulting in enhanced wound healing, pain control, neurodegenerative diseases treatment, etc. During light irradiation of tissues and organs, different cells are affected, though the connection between photostimulation of cells and their environmental conditions remains poorly understood. In this report, red/NIR light-stimulated angiogenesis is investigated using endothelial cells in vitro, with a focus on the capillary-like structure (CLS) formation and the respective biochemical processes in cells under conditions proximate to a healthy or malignant environment, which strongly defines angiogenesis. To model environmental conditions for endotheliocytes in vitro, the cell culture environment was supplemented by an augmented conditioned medium from macrophages or cancer cells. The biochemical processes in endothelial cell cultures were investigated with and without irradiation by red (650 nm) and near-infrared (808 nm) laser diodes and under normoxia or hypoxia conditions. A light-stimulated angiogenesis has been found, with a more efficient stimulation by 650 nm light compared to 808 nm light. It was shown that the irradiation with light promoted extracellular Ca2+ influx, fostered cell cycle progression, proliferation and NO generation in endothelial cells, and caused an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production by endothelial cells and M2 macrophages under hypoxia conditions. The activation of VEGF production by macrophages was found to be associated with an increase in the number of M2 macrophages after light irradiation under hypoxia conditions. Thus, a new pathway of an activation of the endothelial cell metabolism, which is related with the extracellular Ca2+ influx after light irradiation, has been revealed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Red/NIR light-stimulated angiogenesis has been studied using endothelial cells in vitro, with focus on CLS formation and the respective biochemical processes in cell models proximate to a healthy or malignant environment. A light-stimulated angiogenesis has been found, stimulated via extracellular Ca2+ influx, cell cycle progression, proliferation and NO generation, VEGF production increase by endothelial cells under hypoxia conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurii V Stepanov
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Iuliia Golovynska
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Sergii Golovynskyi
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Liudmyla V Garmanchuk
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Gorbach
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - Liudmyla I Stepanova
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Khranovska
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
| | - Liudmyla I Ostapchenko
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Tymish Y Ohulchanskyy
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| | - Junle Qu
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
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Dolitzky A, Shapira G, Grisaru-Tal S, Hazut I, Avlas S, Gordon Y, Itan M, Shomron N, Munitz A. Transcriptional Profiling of Mouse Eosinophils Identifies Distinct Gene Signatures Following Cellular Activation. Front Immunol 2022; 12:802839. [PMID: 34970274 PMCID: PMC8712732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.802839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are multifunctional, evolutionary conserved leukocytes that are involved in a plethora of responses ranging from regulation of tissue homeostasis to host defense and cancer. Eosinophils have been studied mostly in the context of Type 2 inflammatory responses such as those found in allergy. Nonetheless, it is now evident that they participate in Type 1 inflammatory responses and can respond to Type 1 cytokines such as IFN-γ. Recent data suggest that the pleotropic roles of eosinophils are due to heterogeneous responses to environmental cues. Despite this, the activation profile of eosinophils, in response to various stimuli is yet to be defined. To better understand the transcriptional spectrum of eosinophil activation, we exposed eosinophils to Type 1 (e.g. IFN-γ, E. coli) vs. Type 2 (e.g. IL-4) conditions and subjected them to global RNA sequencing. Our analyses show that IL-4, IFN-γ, E. coli and IFN-γ in the presence of E. coli (IFN-γ/E. coli)-stimulated eosinophils acquire distinct transcriptional profiles, which polarize them towards what we termed Type 1 and Type 2 eosinophils. Bioinformatics analyses using Gene Ontology based on biological processes revealed that different stimuli induced distinct pathways in eosinophils. These pathways were confirmed using functional assays by assessing cytokine/chemokine release (i.e. CXCL9, CCL24, TNF-α and IL-6) from eosinophils following activation. In addition, analysis of cell surface markers highlighted CD101 and CD274 as potential cell surface markers that distinguish between Type 1 and Type 2 eosinophils, respectively. Finally, the transcriptome signature of Type 1 eosinophils resembled that of eosinophils that were obtained from mice with experimental colitis whereas the transcriptome signature of Type 2 eosinophils resembled that of eosinophils from experimental asthma. Our data demonstrate that eosinophils are polarized to distinct “Type 1” and “Type 2” phenotypes following distinct stimulations. These findings provide fundamental knowledge regarding the heterogeneity of eosinophils and support the presence of transcriptional differences between Type 1 and Type 2 cells that are likely reflected by their pleotropic activities in diverse disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishay Dolitzky
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Guy Shapira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharon Grisaru-Tal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inbal Hazut
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shmulik Avlas
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaara Gordon
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Micahl Itan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ariel Munitz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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77
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McKendrick JG, Emmerson E. The role of salivary gland macrophages in infection, disease and repair. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 368:1-34. [PMID: 35636925 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are mononuclear innate immune cells which have become of increasing interest in the fields of disease and regeneration, as their non-classical functions have been elucidated in addition to their classical inflammatory functions. Macrophages can regulate tissue remodeling, by both mounting and reducing inflammatory responses; and exhibit direct communication with other cells to drive tissue turnover and cell replacement. Furthermore, macrophages have recently become an attractive therapeutic target to drive tissue regeneration. The major salivary glands are glandular tissues that are exposed to pathogens through their close connection with the oral cavity. Moreover, there are a number of diseases that preferentially destroy the salivary glands, causing irreversible injury, highlighting the need for a regenerative strategy. However, characterization of macrophages in the mouse and human salivary glands is sparse and has been mostly determined from studies in infection or autoimmune pathologies. In this review, we describe the current literature around salivary gland macrophages, and speculate about the niches they inhabit and how their role in development, regeneration and cancer may inform future therapeutic advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G McKendrick
- The Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Emmerson
- The Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Mesenchymal-Stromal Cell-like Melanoma-Associated Fibroblasts Increase IL-10 Production by Macrophages in a Cyclooxygenase/Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase-Dependent Manner. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246173. [PMID: 34944793 PMCID: PMC8699649 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, and the number of newly diagnosed cases is on the rise. In recent years, it has become evident that melanoma-associated fibroblasts (MAFs), which surround the melanoma cells, play a key role in tumor growth and its ability to evade immune attack. We found that MAFs resemble bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), and on the basis of this, we looked for effects that they might have on macrophages. Like MSCs, MAFs cause macrophages to produce IL-10, an anti-inflammatory agent. IL-10 contributes to cancer growth by suppressing natural anti-cancer immunity and can also interfere with anti-melanoma immunotherapies. Our findings may open new avenues for the development of anti-melanoma treatments based on MAF-macrophage interactions. Abstract Melanoma-associated fibroblasts (MAFs) are integral parts of melanoma, providing a protective network for melanoma cells. The phenotypical and functional similarities between MAFs and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) prompted us to investigate if, similarly to MSCs, MAFs are capable of modulating macrophage functions. Using immunohistochemistry, we showed that MAFs and macrophages are in intimate contact within the tumor stroma. We then demonstrated that MAFs indeed are potent inducers of IL-10 production in various macrophage types in vitro, and this process is greatly augmented by the presence of treatment-naïve and chemotherapy-treated melanoma cells. MAFs derived from thick melanomas appear to be more immunosuppressive than those cultured from thin melanomas. The IL-10 increasing effect is mediated, at least in part, by cyclooxygenase and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Our data indicate that MAF-induced IL-10 production in macrophages may contribute to melanoma aggressiveness, and targeting the cyclooxygenase and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase pathways may abolish MAF–macrophage interactions.
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Zhu YY, Zhao YC, Chen C, Xie M. CCL5 secreted by luminal B breast cancer cells induces polarization of M2 macrophages through activation of MEK/STAT3 signaling pathway via CCR5. Gene 2021; 812:146100. [PMID: 34864094 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In humans, breast cancer affects a large number of females and causes a high rate of mortality worldwide. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) is one of the cytokines that is highly correlated to the invasive and metastatic stages of breast cancer. Our previous study has suggested the prognostic value of CCL5 expression in luminal B (HER2 - ) breast cancer. In this study, CCL5 expression was upregulated or knockdown in a luminal B breast cancer cell line, ZR7530. Further, we elucidated the effects of CCL5 on the differentiation of THP-1 monocytes into M2 macrophages. Overexpression of CCL5 affected THP-1-M2 differentiation and phosphorylation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2, and STAT2 in the cocultivated cell lines. We report that the knockdown of CCR5, a receptor of CCL5 in THP-1, inhibited the effect of ZR7530 in promoting THP-1-M2 differentiation. Furthermore, our data revealed that the inhibition of MEK1/2 and STAT3 in THP-1 cells produced equivalent results similar to those of CCL5 knockdown. In summary, we revealed the role of CCL5 in the polarization of M2 macrophages. Furthermore, we studied its interaction with CCR5 and MEK/STAT3 signaling members. These targets could be used as key regulatory members in human breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yun Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Wuhu Second People's Hospital, China.
| | - Ying-Chun Zhao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Wuhu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, China
| | - Chuang Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of pathology, Wuhu Second People's Hospital, China
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80
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3D in vitro M2 macrophage model to mimic modulation of tissue repair. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:83. [PMID: 34848722 PMCID: PMC8633361 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinct anti-inflammatory macrophage (M2) subtypes, namely M2a and M2c, are reported to modulate the tissue repair process tightly and chronologically by modulating fibroblast differentiation state and functions. To establish a well-defined three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model to mimic the tissue repair process, we utilized THP-1 human monocytic cells and a 3D collagen matrix as a biomimetic tissue model. THP-1 cells were differentiated into macrophages, and activated using IL-4/IL-13 (MIL-4/IL-13) and IL-10 (MIL-10). Both activated macrophages were characterized by both their cell surface marker expression and cytokine secretion profile. Our cell characterization suggested that MIL-4/IL-13 and MIL-10 demonstrate M2a- and M2c-like subtypes, respectively. To mimic the initial and resolution phases during the tissue repair, both activated macrophages were co-cultured with fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. We showed that MIL-4/IL-13 were able to promote matrix synthesis and remodeling by induction of myofibroblast differentiation via transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1). On the contrary, MIL-10 demonstrated the ability to resolve the tissue repair process by dedifferentiation of myofibroblast via IL-10 secretion. Overall, our study demonstrated the importance and the exact roles of M2a and M2c-like macrophage subtypes in coordinating tissue repair in a biomimetic model. The established model can be applied for high-throughput platforms for improving tissue healing and anti-fibrotic drugs testing, as well as other biomedical studies.
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81
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Barbour M, Wood R, Harte T, Bushell TJ, Jiang HR. Anti-CD52 antibody treatment in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induces dynamic and differential modulation of innate immune cells in peripheral immune and central nervous systems. Immunology 2021; 165:312-327. [PMID: 34826154 PMCID: PMC9426620 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti‐CD52 antibody (anti‐CD52‐Ab) leads to a rapid depletion of T and B cells, followed by reconstitution of immune cells with tolerogenic characteristics. However, very little is known about its effect on innate immune cells. In this study, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice were administered murine anti‐CD52‐Ab to investigate its effect on dendritic cells and monocytes/macrophages in the periphery lymphoid organs and the central nervous system (CNS). Our data show that blood and splenic innate immune cells exhibited significantly increased expression of MHC‐II and costimulatory molecules, which was associated with increased capacity of activating antigen‐specific T cells, at first day but not three weeks after five daily treatment with anti‐CD52‐Ab in comparison with controls. In contrast to the periphery, microglia and infiltrating macrophages in the CNS exhibited reduced expression levels of MHC‐II and costimulatory molecules after antibody treatment at both time‐points investigated when compared to controls. Furthermore, the transit response of peripheral innate immune cells to anti‐CD52‐Ab treatment was also observed in the lymphocyte‐deficient SCID mice, suggesting the changes are not a direct consequence of the mass depletion of lymphocytes in the periphery. Our study demonstrates a dynamic and tissue‐specific modulation of the innate immune cells in their phenotype and function following the antibody treatment. The findings of differential modulation of the microglia and infiltrating macrophages in the CNS in comparison with the innate immune cells in the peripheral organs support the CNS‐specific beneficial effect of alemtuzumab treatment on inhibiting neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Barbour
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rachel Wood
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tanith Harte
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Trevor J Bushell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hui-Rong Jiang
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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82
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Farahi L, Sinha SK, Lusis AJ. Roles of Macrophages in Atherogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:785220. [PMID: 34899348 PMCID: PMC8660976 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.785220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that may ultimately lead to local proteolysis, plaque rupture, and thrombotic vascular disease, resulting in myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden cardiac death. Circulating monocytes are recruited to the arterial wall in response to inflammatory insults and differentiate into macrophages which make a critical contribution to tissue damage, wound healing, and also regression of atherosclerotic lesions. Within plaques, macrophages take up aggregated lipoproteins which have entered the vessel wall to give rise to cholesterol-engorged foam cells. Also, the macrophage phenotype is influenced by various stimuli which affect their polarization, efferocytosis, proliferation, and apoptosis. The heterogeneity of macrophages in lesions has recently been addressed by single-cell sequencing techniques. This article reviews recent advances regarding the roles of macrophages in different stages of disease pathogenesis from initiation to advanced atherosclerosis. Macrophage-based therapies for atherosclerosis management are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Farahi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Satyesh K. Sinha
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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83
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Guo S, Dong L, Li J, Chen Y, Yao Y, Zeng R, Shushakova N, Haller H, Xu G, Rong S. C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1/receptor 1 regulates the M1 polarization and chemotaxis of macrophages after hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2021; 7:254-265. [PMID: 34786544 PMCID: PMC8579018 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages play an important role in renal ischemia reperfusion injury, but the functional changes of macrophages under hypoxia/reoxygenation and the related mechanism are unclear and need to be further clarified. Methods The effects of hypoxia/reoxygenation on functional characteristics of RAW264.7 macrophages were analyzed through the protein expression detection of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and CD80, anti-inflammatory factors ARG-1 and CD206. The functional implications of C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1) down-regulation in hypoxic macrophages were explored using small interfering RNA technology. Significance was assessed by the parametric t-test or nonparametric Mann-Whitney test for two group comparisons, and a one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple group comparisons. Results Hypoxia/reoxygenation significantly increased the protein expression of M1-related pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, CD80 and chemokine C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1)/CX3CR1 and inhibited the protein expression of M2-related anti-inflammatory factors ARG-1 and CD206 in a time-dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells. However, the silencing of CX3CR1 in RAW264.7 cells using specific CX3CR1-siRNA, significantly attenuated the increase in protein expression of TNF-α (P < 0.05) and CD80 (P < 0.01) and the inhibition of ARG-1 (P < 0.01) and CD206 (P < 0.01) induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. In addition, we also found that hypoxia/reoxygenation could significantly enhance the migration (2.2-fold, P < 0.01) and adhesion capacity (1.5-fold, P < 0.01) of RAW264.7 macrophages compared with the control group, and CX3CR1-siRNA had an inhibitory role (40% and 20% reduction, respectively). For elucidating the mechanism, we showed that the phosphorylation levels of ERK (P < 0.01) and the p65 subunit of NF-κB (P < 0.01) of the RAW264.7 cells in the hypoxic/reoxygenation group were significantly increased, which could be attenuated by down-regulation of CX3CR1 expression (P < 0.01, both). ERK inhibitors also significantly blocked the effects of hypoxic/reoxygenation on the protein expression of M1-related pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, CD80 and M2-related anti-inflammatory factors ARG-1 and CD206. Moreover, we found that conditioned medium from polarized M1 macrophages induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation, notably increased the degree of apoptosis of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced TCMK-1 cells, and promoted the protein expression of pro-apoptotic proteins bax (P < 0.01) and cleaved-caspase 3 (P < 0.01) and inhibited the expression of anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2 (P < 0.01), but silencing CX3CR1 in macrophages had a protective role. Finally, we also found that the secretion of soluble CX3CL1 in RAW264.7 macrophages under hypoxia/reoxygenation was significantly increased. Conclusions The findings suggest that hypoxia/reoxygenation could promote M1 polarization, cell migration, and adhesion of macrophages, and that polarized macrophages induce further apoptosis of hypoxic renal tubular epithelial cells by regulating of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiming Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Junhua Li
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yuetao Chen
- Department of Respiratory, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ying Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Nelli Shushakova
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Song Rong
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
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84
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Kopecka J, Salaroglio IC, Perez-Ruiz E, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Saponara S, De Las Rivas J, Riganti C. Hypoxia as a driver of resistance to immunotherapy. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 59:100787. [PMID: 34840068 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors, determines the selection of invasive and aggressive malignant clones displaying resistance to radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy or targeted therapy. The recent introduction of immunotherapy, based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, has markedly transformed the prognosis in some tumors but also revealed the existence of intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. In the current review we highlight hypoxia as a culprit of immunotherapy failure. Indeed, multiple metabolic cross talks between tumor and stromal cells determine the prevalence of immunosuppressive populations within the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and confer upon tumor cells resistance to ICPIs and CAR T-cells. Notably, hypoxia-triggered angiogenesis causes immunosuppression, adding another piece to the puzzle of hypoxia-induced immunoresistance. If these factors concurrently contribute to the resistance to immunotherapy, they also unveil an unexpected Achille's heel of hypoxic tumors, providing the basis for innovative combination therapies that may rescue the efficacy of ICPIs and CAR T-cells. Although these treatments reveal both a bright side and a dark side in terms of efficacy and safety in clinical trials, they represent the future solution to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy against hypoxic and therapy-resistant solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Perez-Ruiz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinic of Hematology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research - Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (iCBR/CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Javier De Las Rivas
- Cancer Research Center (CiC-IBMCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL), and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
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85
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Intestinal Intervention Strategy Targeting Myeloid Cells to Improve Hepatic Immunity during Hepatocarcinoma Development. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111633. [PMID: 34829862 PMCID: PMC8615385 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity in the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in hepatocarcinoma (HCC) progression. Plant seeds provide serine-type protease inhibitors (SETIs), which can have a significant influence on liver inflammation and macrophage function. To elucidate the influence of SETIs to counter pro-tumorigenic conditions, at the early stages of HCC development, it was used as an established model of diethylnitrosamine/thioacetamide-injured liver fed with a standard diet (STD) or high-fat diet (42%) (HFD). The administration of SETIs improved survival and ameliorated tumor burden via modulation of monocyte-derived macrophages as key effectors involved in diet-induced HCC development. RT-qPCR analyses of hepatic tissue evidenced a diet-independent downregulatory effect of SETIs on the transcripts of CD36, FASN, ALOX15, and SREBP1c; however, animals fed with an STD showed opposing effects for PPAR and NRLP3 levels. These effects were accompanied by a decreased production of IL-6 and IL-17 but increased that of TNF in animals receiving SETIs. Moreover, only animals fed an HFD displayed increased concentrations of the stem cell factor. Overall, SETIs administration decreased the hepatic contents of lysophosphatydilcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Notably, animals that received SETIs exhibited increased hepatic proportions of CD68+CX3CR1+CD74+ cells and at a higher rate in those animals fed an HFD. Altogether, the data evidence that oral administration of SETIs modulates the tumor microenvironment, improving hepatic innate immune response(s) and favoring a better antitumoral environment. It represents a path forward in developing coadjutant strategies to pharmacological therapies, with either a preventive or therapeutic character, to counter physiopathological conditions at early stages of HCC development.
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86
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Gaspar-Rodríguez A, Padilla-González A, Rivera-Toledo E. Coronavirus persistence in human respiratory tract and cell culture: An overview. Braz J Infect Dis 2021; 25:101632. [PMID: 34627782 PMCID: PMC8486621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging human coronaviruses, including the recently identified SARS-CoV-2, are relevant respiratory pathogens due to their potential to cause epidemics with high case fatality rates, although endemic coronaviruses are also important for immunocompromised patients. Long-term coronavirus infections had been described mainly in experimental models, but it is currently evident that SARS-CoV-2 genomic-RNA can persist for many weeks in the respiratory tract of some individuals clinically recovered from coronavirus infectious disease-19 (COVID-19), despite a lack of isolation of infectious virus. It is still not clear whether persistence of such viral RNA may be pathogenic for the host and related to long-term sequelae. In this review, we summarize evidence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA persistence in respiratory samples besides results obtained from cell culture and histopathology describing long-term coronavirus infection. We also comment on potential mechanisms of coronavirus persistence and relevance for pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Gaspar-Rodríguez
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Coyoacan, Mexico
| | - Ana Padilla-González
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Coyoacan, Mexico.
| | - Evelyn Rivera-Toledo
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Coyoacan, Mexico.
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87
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Arbués A, Schmidiger S, Kammüller M, Portevin D. Extracellular Matrix-Induced GM-CSF and Hypoxia Promote Immune Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Human In Vitro Granulomas. Front Immunol 2021; 12:727508. [PMID: 34603299 PMCID: PMC8486295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.727508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several in vitro cellular models have been developed with the aim to reproduce and dissect human granulomatous responses, the hallmark of tuberculosis (TB) immunopathogenesis. In that context, we compared two- (2D) versus three-dimensional (3D) granuloma models resulting from infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with M. tuberculosis (Mtb) in the absence or presence of a collagen-based extracellular matrix (ECM). Granuloma formation was found to be significantly enhanced in the 2D model. This feature was associated with an earlier chemokine production and lymphocyte activation, but also a significantly increased bacterial burden. Remarkably, the reduction in Mtb burden in the 3D model correlated with an increase in GM-CSF production. GM-CSF, which is known to promote macrophage survival, was found to be inherently induced by the ECM. We observed that only 3D in vitro granulomas led to the accumulation of lipid inclusions within Mtb. Our data suggest that a hypoxic environment within the ECM could be responsible for this dormant-like Mtb phenotype. Furthermore, exposure to a TNF-α antagonist reverted Mtb dormancy, thereby mimicking the reactivation of TB observed in rheumatic patients receiving this therapy. To conclude, we showed that only in vitro granulomas generated in the presence of an ECM could recapitulate some clinically relevant features of granulomatous responses in TB. As such, this model constitutes a highly valuable tool to study the interplay between immunity and Mtb stress responses as well as to evaluate novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainhoa Arbués
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Schmidiger
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kammüller
- Translational Medicine-Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damien Portevin
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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88
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Takahashi M, Umehara Y, Yue H, Trujillo-Paez JV, Peng G, Nguyen HLT, Ikutama R, Okumura K, Ogawa H, Ikeda S, Niyonsaba F. The Antimicrobial Peptide Human β-Defensin-3 Accelerates Wound Healing by Promoting Angiogenesis, Cell Migration, and Proliferation Through the FGFR/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712781. [PMID: 34594328 PMCID: PMC8476922 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to its antimicrobial activity, the skin-derived antimicrobial peptide human β-defensin-3 (hBD-3) promotes keratinocyte proliferation and migration to initiate the wound healing process; however, its effects on fibroblasts, which are the major cell type responsible for wound healing, remain unclear. We investigated the role of hBD-3 in cell migration, proliferation and production of angiogenic growth factors in human fibroblasts and evaluated the in vivo effect of hBD-3 on promoting wound healing and angiogenesis. Following hBD-3 treatment, the mouse wounds healed faster and showed accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in the early phase of wound healing and reduction of these phagocytes 4 days later. hBD-3-treated wounds also displayed an increased number of fibroblasts and newly formed vessels compared to those of the control mice. Furthermore, the expression of various angiogenic growth factors was increased in the hBD-3-treated wounds. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrated that hBD-3 enhanced the secretion of angiogenic growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor and induced the migration and proliferation of human fibroblasts. The hBD-3-mediated activation of fibroblasts involves the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1)/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways, as evidenced by the inhibitory effects of pathway-specific inhibitors. We indeed confirmed that hBD-3 enhanced the phosphorylation of FGFR1, JAK2 and STAT3. Collectively, the current study provides novel evidence that hBD-3 might be a potential candidate for the treatment of wounds through its ability to promote wound healing, angiogenesis and fibroblast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Takahashi
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshie Umehara
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hainan Yue
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ge Peng
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hai Le Thanh Nguyen
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risa Ikutama
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigaku Ikeda
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - François Niyonsaba
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
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89
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Horii T, Tsujimoto H, Hagiwara A, Isogai N, Sueyoshi Y, Oe Y, Kageyama S, Yoshida T, Kobayashi K, Minato H, Ueda J, Ichikawa H, Kawauchi A. Effects of Fiber Diameter and Spacing Size of an Artificial Scaffold on the In Vivo Cellular Response and Tissue Remodeling. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6924-6936. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsunehito Horii
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 610-0321, Japan
- Division of Medical Life System, Department of Life and Medical Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsujimoto
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 610-0321, Japan
- Division of Medical Life System, Department of Life and Medical Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Akeo Hagiwara
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 610-0321, Japan
- Division of Medical Life System, Department of Life and Medical Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Noritaka Isogai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kindai University, Osaka 589-0014, Japan
| | - Yu Sueyoshi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kindai University, Osaka 589-0014, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Oe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kusatsu General Hospital, Yabase, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8585, Japan
| | - Susumu Kageyama
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 610-0321, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yoshida
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 610-0321, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 610-0321, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Minato
- Department of Surgery, Yawata Chuo Hospital, Yawatagotanda, Yawata, Kyoto 614-8071, Japan
| | - Joe Ueda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ueda Clinic, Kitanakaieshita, Takanosu, Akita 018-3331, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Medical Life System, Department of Life and Medical Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kawauchi
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 610-0321, Japan
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Berger Fridman I, Kostas J, Gregus M, Ray S, Sullivan MR, Ivanov AR, Cohen S, Konry T. High-throughput microfluidic 3D biomimetic model enabling quantitative description of the human breast tumor microenvironment. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:473-488. [PMID: 34153511 PMCID: PMC8434998 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is driven by both genetic aberrations in the tumor cells and fundamental changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). These changes offer potential targets for novel therapeutics, yet lack of in vitro 3D models recapitulating this complex microenvironment impedes such progress. Here, we generated several tumor-stroma scaffolds reflecting the dynamic in vivo breast TME, using a high throughput microfluidic system. Alginate (Alg) or alginate-alginate sulfate (Alg/Alg-S) hydrogels were used as ECM-mimics, enabling the encapsulation and culture of tumor cells, fibroblasts and immune cells (macrophages and T cells, of the innate and adaptive immune systems, respectively). Specifically, Alg/Alg-S was shown capable of capturing and presenting growth factors and cytokines with binding affinity that is comparable to heparin. Viability and cytotoxicity were shown to strongly correlate with the dynamics of cellular milieu, as well as hydrogel type. Using on-chip immunofluorescence, production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis were imaged and quantitatively analyzed. We then show how macrophages in our microfluidic system were shifted from a proinflammatory to an immunosuppressive phenotype when encapsulated in Alg/Alg-S, reflecting in vivo TME dynamics. LC-MS proteomic profiling of tumor cells sorted from the TME scaffolds revealed upregulation of proteins involved in cell-cell interactions and immunomodulation in Alg/Alg-S scaffolds, correlating with in vivo findings and demonstrating the appropriateness of Alg/Alg-S as an ECM biomimetic. Finally, we show the formation of large tumor-derived vesicles, formed exclusively in Alg/Alg-S scaffolds. Altogether, our system offers a robust platform for quantitative description of the breast TME that successfully recapitulates in vivo patterns. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cancer progression is driven by profound changes in both tumor cells and surrounding stroma. Here, we present a high throughput microfluidic system for the generation and analysis of dynamic tumor-stroma scaffolds, that mimic the complex in vivo TME cell proportions and compositions, constructing robust in vitro models for the study of the TME. Utilizing Alg/Alg-S as a bioinspired ECM, mimicking heparin's in vivo capabilities of capturing and presenting signaling molecules, we show how Alg/Alg-S induces complex in vivo-like responses in our models. Alg/Alg-S is shown here to promote dynamic protein expression patterns, that can serve as potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment. Formation of large tumor-derived vesicles, observed exclusively in the Alg/Alg-S scaffolds suggests a mechanism for tumor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Berger Fridman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - James Kostas
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Michal Gregus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Somak Ray
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Matthew R Sullivan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Alexander R Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Smadar Cohen
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - Tania Konry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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91
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Poznyak AV, Nikiforov NG, Starodubova AV, Popkova TV, Orekhov AN. Macrophages and Foam Cells: Brief Overview of Their Role, Linkage, and Targeting Potential in Atherosclerosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091221. [PMID: 34572406 PMCID: PMC8468383 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is still one of the main causes of death around the globe. This condition leads to various life-threatening cardiovascular complications. However, no effective preventive measures are known apart from lifestyle corrections, and no cure has been developed. Despite numerous studies in the field of atherogenesis, there are still huge gaps in already poor understanding of mechanisms that underlie the disease. Inflammation and lipid metabolism violations are undoubtedly the key players, but many other factors, such as oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This overview is focusing on the role of macrophages in atherogenesis, which are at the same time a part of the inflammatory response, and also tightly linked to the foam cell formation, thus taking part in both crucial for atherogenesis processes. Being essentially involved in atherosclerosis development, macrophages and foam cells have attracted attention as a promising target for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia V. Poznyak
- Skolkovo Innovative Center, Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 121609 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.V.P.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Nikita G. Nikiforov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia;
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Gene Biology, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Antonina V. Starodubova
- Federal Research Centre for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustinsky Passage, 109240 Moscow, Russia;
- Medical Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovitianov Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana V. Popkova
- V.A. Nasonova Institute of Rheumatology, 34A Kashirskoye Shosse, 115522 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Skolkovo Innovative Center, Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 121609 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: (A.V.P.); (A.N.O.)
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92
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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines have an immunomodulatory effect on macrophages independent of hypoxia and toll-like receptor 9. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:990. [PMID: 34479492 PMCID: PMC8418007 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A low tissue oxygen level, < 1% O2, is a typical characteristic inside of solid tumors in head and neck cancer (HNSCC) affecting a wide array of cell populations, such as macrophages. However, the mechanisms of how hypoxia influences macrophages are not yet fully elucidated. Our research aimed to study the effect of soluble mediators produced by hypoxic cancer cells on macrophage polarization. Furthermore, we studied the effect of a hypoxic microenvironment on the expression of tumorigenic toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and the consecutive macrophage polarization. Methods Conditioned media (CMNOX or CMHOX) from cell lines UT-SCC-8, UT-SCC-74A, FaDu, MDA-MB-231 and HaCat cultured under normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions were used to polarize human monocyte-derived macrophages. Macrophage polarization was measured by flow cytometry and the production of cytokine mRNA using Taqman qPCR. To study the role of TLR9 in macrophage polarization, the lentiviral CRISPR/Cas9 method was used to establish a stable FaDuTLR9def clone. Results Our results demonstrate that the soluble mediators produced by the cancer cells under normoxia polarize macrophages towards a hybridized M1/M2a/M2c phenotype. Furthermore, the results suggest that hypoxia has a limited role in altering the array of cancer-produced soluble factors affecting macrophage polarization and cytokine production. Our data also indicates that increased expression of TLR9 due to hypoxia in malignant cells does not markedly influence the polarization of macrophages. TLR9 transcriptional response to hypoxia is dissimilar to a HIF1-α-regulated LDH-A. This may indicate a context-dependent expression of TLR9 under hypoxia. Conclusions HNSCC cell lines affect both macrophage activity (polarization) and functionality (cytokines), but with exception to iNOS expression, the effects appear independent of hypoxia and TLR9. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08357-8.
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93
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De Angelis C, Fu X, Cataldo ML, Nardone A, Pereira R, Veeraraghavan J, Nanda S, Qin L, Sethunath V, Wang T, Hilsenbeck SG, Benelli M, Migliaccio I, Guarducci C, Malorni L, Litchfield LM, Liu J, Donaldson J, Selenica P, Brown DN, Weigelt B, Reis-Filho JS, Park BH, Hurvitz SA, Slamon DJ, Rimawi MF, Jansen VM, Jeselsohn R, Osborne CK, Schiff R. Activation of the IFN Signaling Pathway is Associated with Resistance to CDK4/6 Inhibitors and Immune Checkpoint Activation in ER-Positive Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:4870-4882. [PMID: 33536276 PMCID: PMC8628647 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-4191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) are highly effective against estrogen receptor-positive (ER+)/HER2- breast cancer; however, intrinsic and acquired resistance is common. Elucidating the molecular features of sensitivity and resistance to CDK4/6i may lead to identification of predictive biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets, paving the way toward improving patient outcomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Parental breast cancer cells and their endocrine-resistant derivatives (EndoR) were used. Derivatives with acquired resistance to palbociclib (PalboR) were generated from parental and estrogen deprivation-resistant MCF7 and T47D cells. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were performed in palbociclib-sensitive and PalboR lines. Gene expression data from CDK4/6i neoadjuvant trials and publicly available datasets were interrogated for correlations of gene signatures and patient outcomes. RESULTS Parental and EndoR breast cancer lines showed varying degrees of sensitivity to palbociclib. Transcriptomic analysis of these cell lines identified an association between high IFN signaling and reduced CDK4/6i sensitivity; thus an "IFN-related palbociclib-resistance Signature" (IRPS) was derived. In two neoadjuvant trials of CDK4/6i plus endocrine therapy, IRPS and other IFN-related signatures were highly enriched in patients with tumors exhibiting intrinsic resistance to CDK4/6i. PalboR derivatives displayed dramatic activation of IFN/STAT1 signaling compared with their short-term treated or untreated counterparts. In primary ER+/HER2- tumors, the IRPS score was significantly higher in lumB than lumA subtype and correlated with increased gene expression of immune checkpoints, endocrine resistance, and poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Aberrant IFN signaling is associated with intrinsic resistance to CDK4/6i. Experimentally, acquired resistance to palbociclib is associated with activation of the IFN pathway, warranting additional studies to clarify its involvement in resistance to CDK4/6i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine De Angelis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Xiaoyong Fu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maria Letizia Cataldo
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Agostina Nardone
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Resel Pereira
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jamunarani Veeraraghavan
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarmistha Nanda
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lanfang Qin
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vidyalakshmi Sethunath
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan G. Hilsenbeck
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matteo Benelli
- “Sandro Pitigliani” Translational Research Unit, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy
| | - Ilenia Migliaccio
- “Sandro Pitigliani” Translational Research Unit, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy,,“Sandro Pitigliani” Medical Oncology Department, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy
| | - Cristina Guarducci
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,“Sandro Pitigliani” Translational Research Unit, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy
| | - Luca Malorni
- “Sandro Pitigliani” Translational Research Unit, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy,,“Sandro Pitigliani” Medical Oncology Department, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy
| | | | | | - Joshua Donaldson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pier Selenica
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David N. Brown
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge S. Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ben H. Park
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Mothaffar F. Rimawi
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Rinath Jeselsohn
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C. Kent Osborne
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Schiff
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Jeny F, Bernaudin JF, Valeyre D, Kambouchner M, Pretolani M, Nunes H, Planès C, Besnard V. Hypoxia Promotes a Mixed Inflammatory-Fibrotic Macrophages Phenotype in Active Sarcoidosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:719009. [PMID: 34456926 PMCID: PMC8385772 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.719009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages are pivotal cells in sarcoidosis. Monocytes-derived (MD) macrophages have recently been demonstrated to play a major role especially in pulmonary sarcoidosis. From inflammatory tissues to granulomas, they may be exposed to low oxygen tension environments. As hypoxia impact on sarcoidosis immune cells has never been addressed, we designed the present study to investigate MD-macrophages from sarcoidosis patients in this context. We hypothesized that hypoxia may induce functional changes on MD-macrophages which could have a potential impact on the course of sarcoidosis. Methods We studied MD-macrophages, from high active sarcoidosis (AS) (n=26), low active or inactive sarcoidosis (IS) (n=24) and healthy controls (n=34) exposed 24 hours to normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (1.5% O2). Different macrophage functions were explored: hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation, cytokines secretion, phagocytosis, CD80/CD86/HLA-DR expression, profibrotic response. Results We observed that hypoxia, with a significantly more pronounced effect in AS compared with controls and IS, increased the HIF-1α trans-activity, promoted a proinflammatory response (TNFα, IL1ß) without activating NF-κB pathway and a profibrotic response (TGFß1, PDGF-BB) with PAI-1 secretion associated with human lung fibroblast migration inhibition. These results were confirmed by immunodetection of HIF-1α and PAI-1 in granulomas observed in pulmonary biopsies from patients with sarcoidosis. Hypoxia also decreased the expression of CD80/CD86 and HLA-DR on MD-macrophages in the three groups while it did not impair phagocytosis and the expression of CD36 expression on cells in AS and IS at variance with controls. Conclusions Hypoxia had a significant impact on MD-macrophages from sarcoidosis patients, with the strongest effect seen in patients with high active disease. Therefore, hypoxia could play a significant role in sarcoidosis pathogenesis by increasing the macrophage proinflammatory response, maintaining phagocytosis and reducing antigen presentation, leading to a deficient T cell response. In addition, hypoxia could favor fibrosis by promoting profibrotic cytokines response and by sequestering fibroblasts in the vicinity of granulomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Jeny
- INSERM UMR 1272, Sorbonne Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
- AP-HP, Pulmonology Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Jean-François Bernaudin
- INSERM UMR 1272, Sorbonne Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Valeyre
- INSERM UMR 1272, Sorbonne Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
- AP-HP, Pulmonology Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Marianne Kambouchner
- INSERM UMR 1272, Sorbonne Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
- AP-HP, Pathology Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Marina Pretolani
- Inserm UMR1152, Physiopathology and Epidemiology of Respiratory Diseases, Paris, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Bichat Hospital, Paris University, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence, INFLAMEX, Paris University, DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Hilario Nunes
- INSERM UMR 1272, Sorbonne Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
- AP-HP, Pulmonology Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Carole Planès
- INSERM UMR 1272, Sorbonne Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
- AP-HP, Physiology Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Valérie Besnard
- INSERM UMR 1272, Sorbonne Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
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95
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Wu CY, Yang HY, Huang JL, Lai JH. Signals and Mechanisms Regulating Monocyte and Macrophage Activation in the Pathogenesis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157960. [PMID: 34360720 PMCID: PMC8347893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes (Mos) and macrophages (Mφs) are key players in the innate immune system and are critical in coordinating the initiation, expansion, and regression of many autoimmune diseases. In addition, they display immunoregulatory effects that impact inflammation and are essential in tissue repair and regeneration. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an umbrella term describing inflammatory joint diseases in children. Accumulated evidence suggests a link between Mo and Mφ activation and JIA pathogenesis. Accordingly, topics regarding the signals and mechanisms regulating Mo and Mφ activation leading to pathologies in patients with JIA are of great interest. In this review, we critically summarize recent advances in the understanding of how Mo and Mφ activation is involved in JIA pathogenesis and focus on the signaling pathways and mechanisms participating in the related cell activation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yi Wu
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-Y.W.); (J.-L.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-Y.W.); (J.-L.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Haung Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +886-2-8791-8382
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96
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Santana KG, Righetti RF, Breda CNDS, Domínguez-Amorocho OA, Ramalho T, Dantas FEB, Nunes VS, Tibério IDFLC, Soriano FG, Câmara NOS, Quintão ECR, Cazita PM. Cholesterol-Ester Transfer Protein Alters M1 and M2 Macrophage Polarization and Worsens Experimental Elastase-Induced Pulmonary Emphysema. Front Immunol 2021; 12:684076. [PMID: 34367144 PMCID: PMC8334866 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.684076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-ester transfer protein (CETP) plays a role in atherosclerosis, the inflammatory response to endotoxemia and in experimental and human sepsis. Functional alterations in lipoprotein (LP) metabolism and immune cell populations, including macrophages, occur during sepsis and may be related to comorbidities such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Macrophages are significantly associated with pulmonary emphysema, and depending on the microenvironment, might exhibit an M1 or M2 phenotype. Macrophages derived from the peritoneum and bone marrow reveal CETP that contributes to its plasma concentration. Here, we evaluated the role of CETP in macrophage polarization and elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema (ELA) in human CETP-expressing transgenic (huCETP) (line 5203, C57BL6/J background) male mice and compared it to their wild type littermates. We showed that bone marrow-derived macrophages from huCETP mice reduce polarization toward the M1 phenotype, but with increased IL-10. Compared to WT, huCETP mice exposed to elastase showed worsened lung function with an increased mean linear intercept (Lm), reflecting airspace enlargement resulting from parenchymal destruction with increased expression of arginase-1 and IL-10, which are M2 markers. The cytokine profile revealed increased IL-6 in plasma and TNF, and IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), corroborating with the lung immunohistochemistry in the huCETP-ELA group compared to WT-ELA. Elastase treatment in the huCETP group increased VLDL-C and reduced HDL-C. Elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in huCETP mice promotes lung M2-like phenotype with a deleterious effect in experimental COPD, corroborating the in vitro result in which CETP promoted M2 macrophage polarization. Our results suggest that CETP is associated with inflammatory response and influences the role of macrophages in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Gomes Santana
- Laboratorio de Lipides, LIM-10, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Fraga Righetti
- Laboratório de Terapêutica Experimental I (LIM-20), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Naffah de Souza Breda
- Transplantation Immunobiology Lab, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Omar Alberto Domínguez-Amorocho
- Transplantation Immunobiology Lab, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Theresa Ramalho
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Francisca Elda B Dantas
- Laboratorio de Lipides, LIM-10, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Sutti Nunes
- Laboratorio de Lipides, LIM-10, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Garcia Soriano
- Laboratório de Emergências Clínicas (LIM-51), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels O S Câmara
- Transplantation Immunobiology Lab, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eder Carlos Rocha Quintão
- Laboratorio de Lipides, LIM-10, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia M Cazita
- Laboratorio de Lipides, LIM-10, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Liu J, Geng X, Hou J, Wu G. New insights into M1/M2 macrophages: key modulators in cancer progression. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:389. [PMID: 34289846 PMCID: PMC8296555 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infiltration of macrophages in and around tumor nest represents one of the most crucial hallmarks during tumor progression. The mutual interactions with tumor cells and stromal microenvironment contribute to phenotypically polarization of tumor associated macrophages. Macrophages consist of at least two subgroups, M1 and M2. M1 phenotype macrophages are tumor-resistant due to intrinsic phagocytosis and enhanced antitumor inflammatory reactions. Contrastingly, M2 are endowed with a repertoire of tumor-promoting capabilities involving immuno-suppression, angiogenesis and neovascularization, as well as stromal activation and remodeling. The functional signature of M2 incorporates location-related, mutually connected, and cascade-like reactions, thereby accelerating paces of tumor aggressiveness and metastasis. In this review, mechanisms underlying the distinct functional characterization of M1 and M2 macrophages are demonstrated to make sense of M1 and M2 as key regulators during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiafei Geng
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxuan Hou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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98
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Parsons AM, Darling EM. Temporal responsiveness of adipose-derived stem/stromal cell immune plasticity. Exp Cell Res 2021; 406:112738. [PMID: 34270981 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We determined the role of time in adipose-derived stem/stromal cell (ASC) response to a model inflammatory environment. ASCs and other mesenchymal stem/stromal cells exhibit immune plasticity. We evaluated the persistence of pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotypes for ASCs exposed to a sustained or pulse inflammatory stimulus. Using qPCR, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry, we monitored the temporal expression and up-regulation patterns of a pro-inflammatory gene (caspase 1), a pleiotropic gene/protein (interleukin 6, IL-6), and an anti-inflammatory gene/protein (indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, IDO1) after exposing ASCs to the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ. In response to sustained cytokine stimulation, we discovered that time played a role in the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory ASC phenotypes. IL-6 was present at all time points for both cytokine-stimulated and non-stimulated conditions, whereas IDO1 was heterogeneously up-regulated in stimulated conditions at later time points. After a pulse stimulus, ASC immunoresponse remained consistent for 96-168 h. As a final measure of immune plasticity, we cultured cytokine-stimulated ASCs with blood-derived macrophages to observe macrophage polarization. While the presence of ASCs altered macrophage phenotype, there was no dependency on the length of ASC cytokine exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric M Darling
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, United States; Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, United States; School of Engineering, Brown University, United States; Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, United States.
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99
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Alpha defensin-1 attenuates surgically induced osteoarthritis in association with promoting M1 to M2 macrophage polarization. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1048-1059. [PMID: 33892137 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macrophages play an important part in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Our objective was to determine the effects of α-defensin-1 on macrophage polarization and consequently OA. METHODS OA synovial tissue and synovial fluid were assessed for the presence of M1 (CD68+CD16+CD206-) and M2 (CD68+CD206+CD16-) macrophages by flow cytometry. M0, M1, and M2 macrophages were co-cultured with OA chondrocytes to determine their influence on chondrogenic phenotype. Polarization of THP-1 activated monocytes from M1 to M2 in response to α-defensin-1 was evaluated by flow cytometry, RT-PCR and RNA sequencing. Effects of intra-articular α-defensin-1 in vivo were evaluated in a rat meniscal/ligamentous injury (MLI) model. RESULTS The quantity of M1 exceeded M2 polarized macrophages in human OA synovial tissue (mean difference 26.1% [13.6-38.6%], P < 0.001) and fluid (mean difference 10.5% [5.0-16.1%], P = 0.003). M1 to M2 polarization in vitro was most effectively promoted with 10 ng/mL α-defensin-1. Compared with untreated macrophages, the α-defensin-1 polarized macrophages modified co-cultured OA chondrocytes from a pro-catabolic state to a pro-anabolic (regenerative-like) state based on expression of COL2A1, ACN, MMP3, MMP13 and ADAMTS5. Intra-articular α-defensin-1 decreased severity of cartilage damage and synovitis in the MLI rat model. RNAseq analyses suggested insulin and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways in the chondroprotective α-defensin-1 mechanism of action. CONCLUSION α-defensin-1 promotes M1 to M2 macrophage polarization in vitro, has beneficial effects on chondrocytes indirectly via M2 macrophage polarization, and attenuates the severity of OA in vivo, suggesting it might be a candidate treatment for OA.
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100
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Chen YF, Yu ZL, Lv MY, Zheng B, Tan YX, Ke J, Liu XH, Cai ZR, Zou YF, Lan P, Wu XJ, Gao F. Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Hypoxic Microenvironment Is Associated With Immunosuppression in Poor Survival of Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer Patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:686885. [PMID: 34211990 PMCID: PMC8239145 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.686885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypoxia is associated with a poorer clinical outcome and resistance to chemotherapy in solid tumors; identifying hypoxic-related colorectal cancer (CRC) and revealing its mechanism are important. The aim of this study was to assess hypoxia signature for predicting prognosis and analyze relevant mechanism. Methods: Patients without chemotherapy were selected for the identification of hypoxia-related genes (HRGs). A total of six independent datasets that included 1,877 CRC patients were divided into a training cohort and two validation cohorts. Functional annotation and analysis were performed to reveal relevant mechanism. Results: A 12-gene signature was derived, which was prognostic for stage II/III CRC patients in two validation cohorts [TCGA, n = 509, hazard ratio (HR) = 2.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18 – 3.89, P = 0.01; metavalidation, n = 590, HR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.59 – 3.81, P < 0.001]. High hypoxic risk was correlated with worse prognosis in CRC patients without adjuvant chemotherapy (HR = 5.1, 95% CI = 2.51 – 10.35, P < 0.001). After integration with clinical characteristics, hypoxia-related gene signature (HRGS) remained as an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. Furthermore, enrichment analysis found that antitumor immune response was suppressed in the high hypoxic group. Conclusions: HRGS is a promising system for estimating disease-free survival of stage II/III CRC patients. Hypoxia tumor microenvironment may be via inhibiting immune response to promote chemoresistance in stage II/III CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Liang Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Yi Lv
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Xin Tan
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jia Ke
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan-Hui Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Rong Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Feng Zou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
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