51
|
Comparative analysis of multidrug resistance plasmids and genetic background of CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli recovered from captive wild animals. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:6707-6717. [PMID: 32488312 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiple interlinked factors are associated with the global resistome, whereas multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens have been related to increased mortality rates in humans and animals. CTX-M-type is the most prevalent extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) among Enterobacteriaceae, which raises concern worldwide. Zoological gardens have a high density of animals that live very close to each other and to humans. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate through the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) MDR Escherichia coli lineages obtained from captivity wild animals in a zoo. Genetic background showed a wide resistome for antimicrobials (e.g., blaCTX-M-65, blaCTX-M-8, blaCMY-2, qnrB19), metals (e.g., pcoABCDERS, silABCEP, merACDEPRT), and antibacterial biocides (e.g., sugE, mdfA) among MDR CTX-M-producing E. coli belonging to CC155 and CC156. Mobilome analysis revealed several plasmids, and eight of them were completely characterized, which showed different backbone-encoding genes. Comparative analysis of plasmids blaCTX-M-65/IncHI2-ST3, blaCTX-M-8/IncI1-ST113, and IncQ1 showed a high identity among plasmids obtained from humans and animals worldwide distributed. Besides, several virulence genes, CRISPR, and prophage-related sequences were also detected. The occurrence of MDR E. coli belonging to CCs closely related to humans and food-producing animals and the high similarity among the plasmids from MDR E. coli carrying clinically significant antimicrobial resistance genes may indicate intercontinental dissemination of these lineages and plasmids. Therefore, these findings contribute to the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and the human-animal-environment interface worldwide. Key Points • Wide resistome for antimicrobials, metals, and antibacterial biocides. • Multidrug resistance plasmids (blaCTX-M-65/IncHI2-ST3, blaCTX-M-8/IncI1-ST113). • Co-occurrence of plasmid-mediated resistance and virulence genes.
Collapse
|
52
|
Ferreira RL, Rezende GS, Damas MSF, Oliveira-Silva M, Pitondo-Silva A, Brito MCA, Leonardecz E, de Góes FR, Campanini EB, Malavazi I, da Cunha AF, Pranchevicius MCDS. Characterization of KPC-Producing Serratia marcescens in an Intensive Care Unit of a Brazilian Tertiary Hospital. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:956. [PMID: 32670210 PMCID: PMC7326048 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serratia marcescens has emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial and severe infections. Here, we determined phenotypic and molecular characteristics of 54 S. marcescens isolates obtained from patient samples from intensive-care-unit (ICU) and neonatal intensive-care-unit (NIUC) of a Brazilian tertiary hospital. All isolates were resistant to beta-lactam group antibiotics, and 92.6% (50/54) were not susceptible to tigecycline. Furthermore, 96.3% showed intrinsic resistance to polymyxin E (colistin), a last-resort antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by MDR (multidrug-resistant) Gram-negative bacteria. In contrast, high susceptibility to other antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones (81.5%), and to aminoglycosides (as gentamicin 81.5%, and amikacin 85.2%) was found. Of all isolates, 24.1% were classified as MDR. The presence of resistance and virulence genes were examined by PCR and sequencing. All isolates carried KPC-carbapenemase (blaKPC) and extended spectrum beta-lactamase blaTEM genes, 14.8% carried blaOXA–1, and 16.7% carried blaCTX–M–1group genes, suggesting that bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics found may be associated with these genes. The genes SdeB/HasF and SdeY/HasF that are associated with efflux pump mediated drug extrusion to fluoroquinolones and tigecycline, respectively, were found in 88.9%. The aac(6′)-Ib-cr variant gene that can simultaneously induce resistance to aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone was present in 24.1% of the isolates. Notably, the virulence genes to (i) pore-forming toxin (ShlA); (ii) phospholipase with hemolytic and cytolytic activities (PhlA); (iii) flagellar transcriptional regulator (FlhD); and (iv) positive regulator of prodigiosin and serratamolide production (PigP) were present in 98.2%. The genetic relationship among the isolates determined by ERIC-PCR demonstrated that the vast majority of isolates were grouped in a single cluster with 86.4% genetic similarity. In addition, many isolates showed 100% genetic similarity to each other, suggesting that the S. marcescens that circulate in this ICU are closely related. Our results suggest that the antimicrobial resistance to many drugs currently used to treat ICU and NIUC patients, associated with the high frequency of resistance and virulence genes is a worrisome phenomenon. Our findings emphasize the importance of active surveillance plans for infection control and to prevent dissemination of these strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roumayne L Ferreira
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Graziela S Rezende
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Oliveira-Silva
- Programas de Pós-graduação em Odontologia e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - André Pitondo-Silva
- Programas de Pós-graduação em Odontologia e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Márcia C A Brito
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Tocantins, Palmas, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Leonardecz
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Fabiana R de Góes
- Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Emeline Boni Campanini
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Anderson F da Cunha
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
53
|
Akgoz M, Akman I, Ates AB, Celik C, Keskin B, Ozmen Capin BB, Karahan ZC. Plasmidic Fluoroquinolone Resistance Genes in Fluoroquinolone-Resistant and/or Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Pediatric and Adult Patients Diagnosed with Urinary Tract Infection. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 26:1334-1341. [PMID: 32407158 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is the leading etiological agent of community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI). Fluoroquinolones have long been the choice of empirical treatment for UTIs. Plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone-resistance (PMFR) is important not only for conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones but also because of the presence of PMFR genes on plasmids carrying genes encoding resistance to other antimicrobials. In this study, we aimed at investigating the frequency of PMFR genes in fluoroquinolone-resistant and/or expanded spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli strains isolated from pediatric and adult patients diagnosed with UTI. E. coli strains isolated from urine cultures of 141 adult and 117 pediatric outpatients were evaluated. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were interpreted according to the EUCAST criteria. The presence of PMFR genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS, qepA, aac(6')-Ib, and aac(6')-Ib-cr) was investigated by multiplex PCR analysis. One hundred-three (73.05%) adult and 92 (78.63%) pediatric isolates were fluoroquinolone resistant and/or ESBL producers. One third (92/258) of all isolates carried at least one PMFR gene, the most prevalent one being qnrS (67.4%). None of the isolates carried qnrC and qepA genes. PMFR determinants were found to be widespread among adult and pediatric isolates. Rational antimicrobial use is crucial for prevention of resistance in both adult and pediatric populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Akgoz
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Irem Akman
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Cem Celik
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betul Keskin
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Busra Betul Ozmen Capin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ceren Karahan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.,Central Microbiology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Ibn-i Sina Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Detection of 5 Kinds of Genes Related to Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Four Species of Nonfermenting Bacteria with 2 Drug Resistant Phenotypes. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2020; 2020:3948719. [PMID: 32351636 PMCID: PMC7171638 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3948719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to detect 5 kinds of genes related to plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in four species of nonfermenting bacteria with 2 drug resistance phenotypes (multidrug resistance and pandrug resistance), which were Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Sm), and Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (Em). Methods The Phoenix NMIC/ID-109 panel and API 20NE panel were applied to 19 isolated strains, including 6 Ab strains (2 strains with multidrug resistance and 4 strains with pandrug resistance), 6 Pa strains (3 strains with multidrug resistance and 3 strains with pandrug resistance), 4 Sm strains (2 strains with multidrug resistance and 2 strains with pandrug resistance), and 3 Cm strains (2 strains with multidrug resistance and 1 strain with pandrug resistance). After strain identification and drug susceptibility test, PCR was applied to detect 5 genes related to plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. The genes detected were quinolone resistance A (qnrA), aminoglycoside acetyltransferase ciprofloxacin resistance variant, acc(6′)-Ib-cr, and 3 integrons (intI1, intI2, and intI3). The amplified products were analyzed by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and sequenced. Sequence alignment was carried out using the bioinformatics technique. Results Of 19 strains tested, 8 strains carried acc(6′)-Ib-cr and 6 of them were of pandrug resistance phenotype (3 Ab strains, 2 Pa strains, and 1 Sm strain). The carrying rate of acc(6′)-Ib-cr was 60.0% for strains of pandrug resistance (6/10). Two strains were of multidrug resistance (1 Ab strain and 1 Pa strain), and the carrying rate of acc(6′)-Ib-cr was 22.0% (2/9). The carrying rate was significantly different between strains of multidrug resistance and pandrug resistance (P < 0.05). The class 1 integron was detected in 11 strains, among which 6 strains were of pandrug resistance (3 Ab strains, 2 Pa strains, and 1 Sm strain). The carrying rate of the class 1 integron was 60.0% (6/10). Five strains were of multidrug resistance (3 Pa strains, 1 Ab strain, and 1 Em strain), and the carrying rate was 55.6% (5/9). The carrying rate of the class 1 integron was not significantly different between strains of multidrug resistance and pandrug resistance (P > 0.05). Both acc(6′)-Ib-cr and intI1 were detected in 6 strains, which were negative for qnrA, intI2, and intI3. Conclusion Quinolone resistance of isolated strains was related to acc(6′)-Ib-cr and intI1 but not to qnrA, intI2, or intI3. The carrying rate of acc(6′)-Ib-cr among the strains of pandrug resistance was much higher than that among the strains of multidrug resistance. But, the strains of two drug resistant phenotypes were not significantly different in the carrying rate of intI1. The detection rates of the two genes were high and similar in Ab and Pa strains. 1 Em strain carried the class 1 integron.
Collapse
|
55
|
Qian H, Cheng S, Liu G, Tan Z, Dong C, Bao J, Hong J, Jin D, Bao C, Gu B. Discovery of seven novel mutations of gyrB, parC and parE in Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi strains from Jiangsu Province of China. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7359. [PMID: 32355184 PMCID: PMC7193621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64346-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi resistance to quinolones and characterize the underlying mechanism in Jiangsu Province of China. Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion system. Quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinant genes were detected by PCR and sequencing. Results: Out of 239 Salmonella isolates, 164 were S. Typhi and 75 were S. Paratyphi. 128 (53.6%) Salmonella isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid; 11 (4.6%) isolates to ciprofloxacin and 66 (27.6%) isolates were intermediate to ciprofloxacin. QRDR were present in 69 S. Typhi isolates, among which mutation at codon 83 (n = 45) and 133 (n = 61) predominated. In S. Paratyphi, the most common mutations were detected in gyrA at codon 83(n = 24) and parC: T57S (n = 8). Seven mutations were first reported in Salmonella isolates including gyrB: S426G, parC: D79G and parE: [S498T, E543K, V560G, I444S, Y434S]. PMQR genes including qnrD1, qnrA1, qnrB4, aac (6′)-Ib-cr4 and qnrS1 were detected in 1, 2, 3, 7 and 9 isolates, relatively. Conclusions: High resistance to quinolones in Salmonella remains a serious problem in Jiangsu, China. The presence of the novel mutations increases the complexity of quinolone-resistant genotypes and poses a threat to public health. Subject terms: Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Paratyphi, antimicrobial resistance, QRDR, PMQR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Qian
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Siyun Cheng
- Xuzhou Medical University School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Guoye Liu
- Xuzhou Medical University School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zhongming Tan
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jinfeng Bao
- Xuzhou Medical University School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dazhi Jin
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Changjun Bao
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Bing Gu
- Xuzhou Medical University School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou, 221004, China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Tao Y, Zhou K, Xie L, Xu Y, Han L, Ni Y, Qu J, Sun J. Emerging coexistence of three PMQR genes on a multiple resistance plasmid with a new surrounding genetic structure of qnrS2 in E. coli in China. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2020; 9:52. [PMID: 32293532 PMCID: PMC7158099 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-020-00711-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quinolones are commonly used for treatment of infections by bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family. However, the rising resistance to quinolones worldwide poses a major clinical and public health risk. This study aimed to characterise a novel multiple resistance plasmid carrying three plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Escherichia coli clinical stain RJ749. Methods MICs of ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin for RJ749 and transconjugant c749 were determined by the Etest method. Conjugation was performed using sodium azide-resistant E. coli J53 strain as a recipient. The quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE were PCR-amplified. Results RJ749 was highly resistant to quinolones, while c749 showed low-level resistance. S1-nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that RJ749 and c749 both harboured a plasmid. PCR presented chromosomal mutation sites of the quinolone resistance-determining region, which mediated quinolone resistance. The c749 genome comprised a single plasmid, pRJ749, with a multiple resistance region, including three plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes (aac (6′)-Ib-cr, qnrS2, and oqxAB) and ten acquired resistance genes. One of the genes, qnrS2, was shown for the first time to be flanked by two IS26s. Three IS26-mediated circular molecules carrying the PMQR genes were detected. Conclusions We revealed the coexistence of three PMQR genes on a multiple resistance plasmid and a new surrounding genetic structure of qnrS2 flanked by IS26 elements. IS26 plays an important role in horizontal spread of quinolone resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tao
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaixin Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science The International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute (IPMCH), Shanghai, China
| | - Lianyan Xie
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lizhong Han
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxing Ni
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingyong Sun
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Zago V, Veschetti L, Patuzzo C, Malerba G, Lleo MM. Resistome, Mobilome and Virulome Analysis of Shewanella algae and Vibrio spp. Strains Isolated in Italian Aquaculture Centers. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8040572. [PMID: 32326629 PMCID: PMC7232470 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health concern restricted not only to healthcare settings but also to veterinary and environmental ones. In this study, we analyzed, by whole genome sequencing (WGS) the resistome, mobilome and virulome of 12 multidrug-resistant (MDR) marine strains belonging to Shewanellaceae and Vibrionaceae families collected at aquaculture centers in Italy. The results evidenced the presence of several resistance mechanisms including enzyme and efflux pump systems conferring resistance to beta-lactams, quinolones, tetracyclines, macrolides, polymyxins, chloramphenicol, fosfomycin, erythromycin, detergents and heavy metals. Mobilome analysis did not find circular elements but class I integrons, integrative and conjugative element (ICE) associated modules, prophages and different insertion sequence (IS) family transposases. These mobile genetic elements (MGEs) are usually present in other aquatic bacteria but also in Enterobacteriaceae suggesting their transferability among autochthonous and allochthonous bacteria of the resilient microbiota. Regarding the presence of virulence factors, hemolytic activity was detected both in the Shewanella algae and in Vibrio spp. strains. To conclude, these data indicate the role as a reservoir of resistance and virulence genes in the environment of the aquatic microbiota present in the examined Italian fish farms that potentially might be transferred to bacteria of medical interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Zago
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Laura Veschetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.V.); (C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Cristina Patuzzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.V.); (C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.V.); (C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Maria M. Lleo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-802-7194
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Wang P, Hu L, Hao Z. Palmatine Is a Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance (PMQR) Inhibitor That Restores the Activity of Ciprofloxacin Against QnrS and AAC(6')-Ib-cr-Producing Escherichia coli. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:749-759. [PMID: 32210589 PMCID: PMC7069587 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s242304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) is a global challenge in the treatment of clinical disease in both humans and animals and is exacerbated by the presence of different PMQR genes existing in the same bacterial strain. Here, we discovered that a natural isoquinoline alkaloid palmatine extracted from traditional Chinese medicinal plants effectively inhibited the activity of PMQR proteins QnrS and AAC(6′)-Ib-cr. Methods In total 120 clinical ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) were screened for the presence of qnrS and aac(6ʹ)-Ib-cr by PCR. Recombinant E. coli that produced QnrS or AAC(6ʹ)-Ib-cr proteins were constructed and the correct expression was confirmed by MALDI/TOF MS analysis and SDS-PAGE. A minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) assay, growth curve assay and time-kill assay were conducted to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of palmatine and the combination of palmatine and ciprofloxacin. Cytotoxicity assays and mouse thigh infection model were used to evaluate the in vivo synergies. Molecular docking, gyrase supercoiling assay and acetylation assay were used to clarify the mechanism of action. Results Palmatine effectively restored the activity of ciprofloxacin against qnrS and aac(6ʹ)-Ib-cr-positive E. coli strains in a synergistic manner in vitro. In addition, the combined therapy significantly reduced the bacterial burden in a mouse thigh infection model. Molecular docking revealed that palmatine bound at the functional large loop B of QnrS and Trp102Arg and Asp179Tyr in the binding pocket of AAC(6′)-Ib-cr. Furthermore, interaction analysis confirmed that palmatine reduced the gyrase protective effect of QnrS and the acetylation effect of AAC(6′)-Ib-cr. Conclusion Our findings suggest that palmatine is a potential efficacious compound to restore PMQR-mediated ciprofloxacin resistance and warrants further preclinical evaluations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Longfei Hu
- Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- National Centre for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Hassan R, Tantawy M, Gouda NA, Elzayat MG, Gabra S, Nabih A, Diab AA, El-Hadidi M, Bakry U, Shoeb MR, Elanany M, Shalaby L, Sayed AA. Genotypic characterization of multiple drug resistant Escherichia coli isolates from a pediatric cancer hospital in Egypt. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4165. [PMID: 32139767 PMCID: PMC7057982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with multiple drug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli poses a life threat to immunocompromised pediatric cancer patients. Our aim is to genotypically characterize the plasmids harbored in MDR E. coli isolates recovered from bacteremic patients of Children's Cancer Hospital in Egypt 57357 (CCHE 57357). In this study, 21 carbapenem-resistant E. coli (CRE) isolates were selected that exhibit Quinolones and Aminoglycosides resistance. Plasmid shot-gun sequencing was performed using Illumina next- generation sequencing platform. Isolates demonstrated resistant to all beta-lactams, carbapenems, aminoglycosides and quinolones. Of the 32 antimicrobial resistant genes identified that exceeded the analysis cutoff coverage, the highest represented genes were aph(6)-Id, sul2, aph(3″)-Ib, aph(3')-Ia, sul1, dfrA12, TEM-220, NDM-11. Isolates employed a wide array of resistance mechanisms including antibiotic efflux, antibiotic inactivation, antibiotic target replacements and antibiotic target alteration. Sequenced isolates displayed diverse insertion sequences, including IS26, suggesting dynamic reshuffling of the harbored plasmids. Most isolates carried plasmids originating from other bacterial species suggesting a possible horizontal gene transfer. Only two isolates showed virulence factors with iroA gene cluster which was found in only one of them. Outside the realms of nosocomial infections among patients in hospitals, our results indicate a transfer of resistant genes and plasmids across different organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem Hassan
- Molecular Microbiology Unit, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of clinical pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Tantawy
- Genomics Program, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nouran A Gouda
- Genomics Program, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mariam G Elzayat
- Genomics Program, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara Gabra
- Genomics Program, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amena Nabih
- Genomics Program, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya A Diab
- Genomics Program, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Hadidi
- Bioinformatics Group, Center of Informatics Sciences (CIS), Nile University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Usama Bakry
- Genomics Program, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Shoeb
- Genomics Program, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mervat Elanany
- Department of clinical pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Microbiology Unit, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lobna Shalaby
- Infectious disease unit, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of pediatric oncology, National cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Sayed
- Genomics Program, Children's cancer hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
|
61
|
Nisa I, Qasim M, Yasin N, Ullah R, Ali A. Shigella flexneri: an emerging pathogen. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 65:275-291. [PMID: 32026288 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00773-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Shigella flexneri is a leading etiologic agent of diarrhea in low socioeconomic countries. Notably, various serotypes in S. flexneri are reported from different regions of the world. The precise approximations of illness and death owing to shigellosis are missing in low socioeconomic countries, although it is widespread in different regions. The inadequate statistics available reveal S. flexneri to be a significant food and waterborne pathogen. All over the world, different antibiotic-resistant strains of S. flexneri serotypes have been emerged especially multidrug-resistant strains. Recently, increased resistance was observed in cephalosporins (3rd generation), azithromycin, and fluoroquinolones. There is a need for a continuous surveillance study on antibiotic resistance that will be helpful in the update of the antibiogram. The shigellosis burden can be reduced by adopting preventive measures like delivery of safe drinking water, suitable sanitation, and development of an effective and inexpensive multivalent vaccine. This review attempts to provide the recent findings of S. flexneri related to epidemiology and the emergence of multidrug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Nisa
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Yasin
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Rafi Ullah
- Bacteriology Laboratory Center of Microbiology and Bacteriology (CMB) Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Ali
- Bacteriology Laboratory Center of Microbiology and Bacteriology (CMB) Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Zhao S, Wei W, Fu G, Zhou J, Wang Y, Li X, Ma L, Fang W. Application of biofertilizers increases fluoroquinolone resistance in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from aquaculture environments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 150:110592. [PMID: 31699498 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance genes in aquaculture environments have attracted wide interest, since these genes pose a severe threat to human health. This study aimed to explore the possible mechanisms of the ciprofloxacin resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolytiucs) in aquaculture environments, which may have been affected by the biofertilizer utilization in China. Plasmid-mediate quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, representative (fluoro)quinolones (FNQs), and ciprofloxacin-resistance isolates in biofertilizer samples were analyzed. The significantly higher abundance of oqxB was alarming. The transferable experiments and Southern blot analysis indicated that oqxB could spread horizontally from biofertilizers to V. parahaemolyticus, and two (16.7%) trans-conjugants harboring oqxB were provided by 12 isolates that successfully produced OqxB. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report PMQR genes dissipation from biofertilizers to V. parahaemolyticus in aquaculture environments. The surveillance, monitoring and control of PMQR genes in biofertilizers are warranted for seafood safety and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; Advanced Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wenjuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Guihong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Junfang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Xincang Li
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Licai Ma
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Cabello FC, Godfrey HP, Ivanova L, Shah SQA, Sørum H, Tomova A. Freshwater salmon aquaculture in Chile and transferable antimicrobial resistance. Environ Microbiol 2019; 22:559-563. [PMID: 31828945 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of antimicrobials are used in salmonid aquaculture in Chile. Most are used in marine aquaculture, but appreciable amounts are also employed in freshwater aquaculture. Much research and many publications have examined transferable antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from marine salmon farms, but much less attention has been paid to this area in freshwater salmon farming. A recent paper by Domínguez et al. (2019) has as least in part remedied this situation. We now comment on some of its interpretations and have attempted to point out its areas of strength and weakness in light of the published scientific literature. Seen in this setting, the important results presented by Domínguez et al. (2019) underline the need for increased awareness of the challenge to animal and human health posed by excessive use of antimicrobials in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe C Cabello
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Henry P Godfrey
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Larisa Ivanova
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Syed Q A Shah
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Henning Sørum
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexandra Tomova
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Shetty SS, Deekshit VK, Jazeela K, Vittal R, Rohit A, Chakraborty A, Karunasagar I. Plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance associated with extra-intestinal Escherichia coli isolates from hospital samples. Indian J Med Res 2019; 149:192-198. [PMID: 31219083 PMCID: PMC6563729 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2092_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Infection from fluoroquinolone-resistant extra-intestinal Escherichia coli is a global concern. In this study, isolation and characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant extra-intestinal E. coli isolates obtained from hospital samples were undertaken to detect plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes. Methods Forty three isolates of E. coli obtained from patients with extra-intestinal infections were subjected to antibiogram to detect fluoroquinolone resistance. The mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance was determined by the detection of PMQR genes and mutations in quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR). Results Of the 43 isolates, 36 were resistant to nalidixic acid (83.72%) and 28 to ciprofloxacin (65.11%). Eight E. coli isolates showed total resistance to both the antimicrobials without any minimum inhibitory concentration. The detection of PMQR genes with qnr primers showed the presence of qnrA in two, qnrB in six and qnrS in 21 isolates. The gene coding for quinolone efflux pump (qepA) was not detected in any of the isolates tested. The presence of some unexpressed PMQR genes in fluoroquinolone sensitive isolates was also observed. Interpretation & conclusions The detection of silent PMQR genes as observed in the present study presents a risk of the transfer of the silent resistance genes to other microorganisms if present in conjugative plasmids, thus posing a therapeutic challenge to the physicians. Hence, frequent monitoring is to be done for all resistance determinants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi S Shetty
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research, Mangaluru, India
| | - Vijaya Kumar Deekshit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research, Mangaluru, India
| | - Kadeeja Jazeela
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research, Mangaluru, India
| | - Rajeshwari Vittal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research, Mangaluru, India
| | - Anusha Rohit
- Department of Microbiology, Madras Medical Mission, Chennai, India
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education & Research, Mangaluru, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
65
|
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) among Enterobacteriales in Latin America: a systematic review. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:1471-1483. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
66
|
Li P, Liu D, Zhang X, Tuo H, Lei C, Xie X, Gu J, Zhang A. Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains from Animals and Humans in China. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 25:1050-1056. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2018.0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhong Zhang
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Tuo
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Changwei Lei
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xianjun Xie
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ju Gu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Anyun Zhang
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Seo KW, Lee YJ. Prevalence and Characterization of Plasmid Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes and Class 1 Integrons Among Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Chicken Meat. J APPL POULTRY RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
|
68
|
Seo KW, Lee YJ. Characterization of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance determinants in ciprofloxacin resistant-Escherichia coli from chicken meat produced by integrated broiler operations in Korea. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 307:108274. [PMID: 31404780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic characterization of ciprofloxacin resistant- Escherichia coli recovered from 7 different integrated broiler operations in Korea. Among the 157 E. coli isolated from chicken meat produced by integrated broiler operations, 75 (47.8%) were observed to be ciprofloxacin resistant-E. coli. However, the prevalence varied from 25.0 to 75.0%, in chicken meat, indicating variation in ciprofloxacin resistant E. coli occurrence among the operations. Among the 75 ciprofloxacin resistant-E. coli isolates, 10 showed plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1 and qnrB4. Among the 10 PMQR-positive E. coli, a double amino-acid exchange in both gyrA and parC with ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentrations of ≥16 μg/mL was noted in 8 isolates, and 4 transconjugants (40.0%) expressed similar antimicrobial resistance patterns and revealed the presence of PMQR genes and β-lactamase genes. Our findings suggest that E. coli with resistance to ciprofloxacin can now be found in association with integrated broiler operations, thus highlighting the need for monitoring and prevention programs in integrated operations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Won Seo
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762, USA
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Lian X, Wang X, Liu X, Xia J, Fang L, Sun J, Liao X, Liu Y. oqxAB-Positive IncHI2 Plasmid pHXY0908 Increase Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium Strains Tolerance to Ciprofloxacin. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:242. [PMID: 31334135 PMCID: PMC6617520 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium is a major global food-borne pathogen and causes life-threatening infections. Although the resistance mechanisms to fluoroquinolones in S. Typhimurium had been well-defined, tolerance to fluoroquinolones and the associated mechanism for this are obscure. In the current work, we investigated an oqxAB-positive plasmid pHXY0908 and analyzed its role in S. Typhimurium tolerance to ciprofloxacin using time-kill, transcriptome sequencing and real-time PCR. S. Typhimurium ATCC14028 could survive under lethal concentrations of ciprofloxacin after acquiring plasmid pHXY0908. Transcriptome sequence analysis showed the chromosomal genes were systematically regulated after acquiring this plasmid suggesting an interaction between chromosome and plasmid. Additionally, the chromosomal efflux pump genes acrB, acrA, tolC, and yceE were up-regulated after acquiring plasmid pHXY0908 suggesting that these efflux pumps may contribute to the survival of ATCC14028 exposed to the lethal concentrations of ciprofloxacin. In conclusion, this is the first known report demonstrating that an IncHI2 type plasmid harboring oqxAB could assist S. Typhimurium survival under lethal concentrations of ciprofloxacin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Lian
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiran Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xia
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangxing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yahong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
SANJUKTA RK, SURMANI H, MANDAKINI RK, MILTON AAP, DAS S, PURO K, GHATAK S, SHAKUNTALA I, SEN A. Characterization of MDR and ESBL-producing E. coli strains from healthy swine herds of north-eastern India. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v89i6.91104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fecal samples (225) from apparently healthy pigs were analysed for E. coli isolation. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates (42) were identified from 225 E. coli isolates. Forty isolates exhibited extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) phenotype harbouring single to multiple-sized plasmids (1 kb to ≥ 25 kb). Overall blaTEM (85.7%) was the commonest genotype, followed by blaCTX-M (61.9%), blaOXA (17%) and blaSHV was not recovered. Other antimicrobial resistant genes (ARGs) identified were sul2 (100%), strA (95.2%), tetA (92.9%), sul1 (76%), aadA (71.4%), tetB (50%), cat (42.9%) and aac(3)IV (26.2%). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) positive strains totalled to 59.5% for qnrB, 19.04% for qnrS but qnrA was not detected. Integron genes were detected either singly or combined: intI1 (76.2%), intI2 (26.2%). Conjugation experiment was successful for 4 ESBL producers. The present study detected higher carriage of ESBL producing E. coli in pigs, and highlights the dominance of resistance and integron genes circulating in MDR E. coli from swine of northeast India, posing a threat of horizontal gene transfer.
Collapse
|
71
|
Marcelino VR, Wille M, Hurt AC, González-Acuña D, Klaassen M, Schlub TE, Eden JS, Shi M, Iredell JR, Sorrell TC, Holmes EC. Meta-transcriptomics reveals a diverse antibiotic resistance gene pool in avian microbiomes. BMC Biol 2019; 17:31. [PMID: 30961590 PMCID: PMC6454771 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0649-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is rendering common bacterial infections untreatable. Wildlife can incorporate and disperse antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment, such as water systems, which in turn serve as reservoirs of resistance genes for human pathogens. Anthropogenic activity may contribute to the spread of bacterial resistance cycling through natural environments, including through the release of human waste, as sewage treatment only partially removes antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, empirical data supporting these effects are currently limited. Here we used bulk RNA-sequencing (meta-transcriptomics) to assess the diversity and expression levels of functionally viable resistance genes in the gut microbiome of birds with aquatic habits in diverse locations. RESULTS We found antibiotic resistance genes in birds from all localities, from penguins in Antarctica to ducks in a wastewater treatment plant in Australia. Comparative analysis revealed that birds feeding at the wastewater treatment plant carried the greatest resistance gene burden, including genes typically associated with multidrug resistance plasmids as the aac(6)-Ib-cr gene. Differences in resistance gene burden also reflected aspects of bird ecology, taxonomy, and microbial function. Notably, ducks, which feed by dabbling, carried a higher abundance and diversity of resistance genes than turnstones, avocets, and penguins, which usually prey on more pristine waters. CONCLUSIONS These transcriptome data suggest that human waste, even if it undergoes treatment, might contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes to the wild. Differences in microbiome functioning across different bird lineages may also play a role in the antibiotic resistance burden carried by wild birds. In summary, we reveal the complex factors explaining the distribution of resistance genes and their exchange routes between humans and wildlife, and show that meta-transcriptomics is a valuable tool to access functional resistance genes in whole microbial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa R Marcelino
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. .,Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. .,School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Michelle Wille
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Aeron C Hurt
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Daniel González-Acuña
- Laboratorio de Parásitos y Enfermedades de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, 3349001, Concepción, Chile
| | - Marcel Klaassen
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Timothy E Schlub
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - John-Sebastian Eden
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.,School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mang Shi
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jonathan R Iredell
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Tania C Sorrell
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Edward C Holmes
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Kindle P, Zurfluh K, Nüesch-Inderbinen M, von Ah S, Sidler X, Stephan R, Kümmerlen D. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Escherichia coli with non-susceptibility to quinolones isolated from environmental samples on pig farms. Porcine Health Manag 2019; 5:9. [PMID: 30867937 PMCID: PMC6396500 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-019-0116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the last decade, the growth of the pig-farming industry has led to an increase in antibiotic use, including several used in human medicine, e.g. (fluoro)quinolones. Data from several studies suggest that there is a link between the agricultural use of antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the pig farm environment, including (fluoro)quinolone resistance. This poses a threat to human and animal health. Our goal was to phenotypically and genotypically characterize 174 E. coli showing non-susceptibility to quinolones isolated from environmental samples from pig farms. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the disk diffusion method. PCR and sequence analysis were performed to identify chromosomal mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) of gyrA and the isolates were screened for the presence of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes aac-(6')-Ib-cr, qepA, qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS. Strain relatedness was assessed by phylogenetic classification and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results Of 174 isolates, 81% (n = 141) were resistant to nalidixic acid, and 19% (n = 33) were intermediately resistant. Overall, 68.4% (n = 119) were multidrug resistant. This study revealed a prevalence of 79.9% (n = 139) for gyrA QRDR mutations, and detected 21.8% (n = 38) isolates with at least one PMQR gene. The two most frequently detected PMQR genes were qnrB and qnrS (13.8% (n = 24) and 9.8% (n = 17, respectively). E. coli belonging to phylogenetic group A (48.3%/n = 84) and group B1 (33.3% /n = 58) were the most frequent. E. coli ST10 (n = 20) and ST297 (n = 20) were the most common STs. Conclusions E. coli with non-susceptibility to quinolones are widespread among the environment of Swiss pig farms and are often associated with an MDR phenotype. In several cases these isolates possess at least one PMQR gene, which could spread by horizontal gene transfer. E. coli from pig farms have diverse STs, some of which are associated with human and animal disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40813-019-0116-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Kindle
- 1Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 272, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Zurfluh
- 1Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 272, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Nüesch-Inderbinen
- 1Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 272, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sereina von Ah
- 2Department of Farm Animals, Division of Swine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xaver Sidler
- 2Department of Farm Animals, Division of Swine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Stephan
- 1Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 272, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dolf Kümmerlen
- 2Department of Farm Animals, Division of Swine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Umeda K, Hase A, Matsuo M, Horimoto T, Ogasawara J. Prevalence and genetic characterization of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae among dogs and cats in an animal shelter. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:339-345. [PMID: 30698519 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, especially cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, is a major concern for human and animal health. We investigated the prevalence of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae among sheltered dogs and cats with various backgrounds. METHOD Faecal samples or rectal swabs were collected from 151 dogs and 182 cats, and screened for the presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Isolates were characterized phenotypically and genotypically by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multi-locus sequence typing and phylogenetic grouping. The animal attributes related to bacterial carriage were statistically analysed. RESULTS Cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was detected in 22 dogs (14.6%) and 20 cats (11.0%): 21 were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, 20 were AmpC-producing, and 1 was both ESBL- and AmpC-producing. Their β-lactamase genes were varied and associated with humans, animals or other origins. The genes CTX-M-14 (n=9) and CMY-2 (n=9) were dominant, but CTX-M-1, CTX-M-2, CTX-M-8, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-24, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-55 and DHA-1 genes were also detected. Genotyping of isolates revealed that β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae had high genetic diversity. Relationships between animals harbouring cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and individual attributes, such as sex and nutrition type, were detected, but there was no correlation between history of human association and the presence of the bacterium in either dogs or cats. CONCLUSION We found several types of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae distributed among companion animals with a range of individual attributes and histories in Osaka, Japan. Companion animals may play a bridging role in the circulation of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from humans and from other origins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Umeda
- 1 Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, 8-34, Tojo-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka 543-0026, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hase
- 1 Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, 8-34, Tojo-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka 543-0026, Japan
| | - Masashi Matsuo
- 2 Osaka Municipal Animal Care and Control Center, 2-5-74, Shibatani, Suminoe-ku, Osaka 559-0021, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Horimoto
- 2 Osaka Municipal Animal Care and Control Center, 2-5-74, Shibatani, Suminoe-ku, Osaka 559-0021, Japan
| | - Jun Ogasawara
- 1 Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, 8-34, Tojo-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka 543-0026, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Resistance profile of clinically relevant bacterial isolates against fluoroquinolone in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 19:86. [PMID: 30541613 PMCID: PMC6292079 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-018-0274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fluoroquinolones are among the most frequently utilized antibacterial agents in developing countries like Ethiopia. Ciprofloxacin has become the most prescribed drug within this class and remains as one of the top three antibacterial agents prescribed in Ethiopia. However, several studies indicated that there is a gradual increase of antibacterial resistance. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively estimate the prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance bacterial isolates in Ethiopia. Methods Literature search was conducted from electronic databases and indexing services including EMBASE (Ovid interface), PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Science Direct and WorldCat. Data were extracted with structured format prepared in Microsoft Excel and exported to STATA 15.0 software for the analyses. Pooled estimation of outcomes was performed with DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model at 95% confidence level. Degree of heterogeneity of studies was presented with I2 statistics. Publication bias was conducted with comprehensive meta-analysis version 3 software and presented with funnel plots of standard error supplemented by Begg’s and Egger’s tests. The study protocol has been registered on PROSPERO with reference number ID: CRD42018097047. Results A total of 37 studies were included for this study. The pooled prevalence of resistance in selected gram-positive bacterial isolates against ciprofloxacin was found to be 19.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.0, 23.0). The degree of resistance among Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase negative Staphyloccoci (CoNS), Enterococcus faecalis and Group B Streptococci (GBS) was found to be 18.6, 21.6, 23.9, and 7.40%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of resistance in gram-negative bacteria was about 21.0% (95% CI: 17, 25). Higher estimates were observed in Neisseria gonorrhea (48.1%), Escherichia coli (24.3%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (23.2%). Subgroup analysis indicated that blood and urine were found to be a major source of resistant S. aureus isolates. Urine was also a major source of resistant strains for CoNS, Klebsiella and Proteus species. Conclusion Among gram-positive bacteria, high prevalence of resistance was observed in E. faecalis and CoNS whereas relatively low estimate of resistance was observed among GBS isolates. Within gram-negative bacteria, nearly half of isolates in N. gonorrhoea were found ciprofloxacin resistant. From enterobacteriaceae isolates, K. pneumonia and E. coli showed higher estimates of ciprofloxacin resistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40360-018-0274-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
75
|
Antunes P, Campos J, Mourão J, Pereira J, Novais C, Peixe L. Inflow water is a major source of trout farming contamination with Salmonella and multidrug resistant bacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 642:1163-1171. [PMID: 30045498 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The impact of European aquaculture, namely trout farms, in the spread of antibiotic resistance and/or zoonotic pathogens has been scarcely addressed. Moreover, aquaculture contamination sources and bacterial dissemination routes have been barely explored. In this study, we assessed the contribution of Portuguese land-based intensive rainbow trout farms and retailed market trout to the spread of Salmonella and bacteria carrying clinically-relevant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) as well as inflow water and feed as possible sources of those contaminants. Cultural and molecular methods were used to analyse 53 fish farm samples (upstream/downstream water and sediments, tanks and trout) and 25 marketed trout. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes were found in 21% (n = 11/53) of samples (water/sediment/feed/trout), from all collection points (upstream/within/downstream tanks) and seasons, as well as in 12% (n = 3/25) of marketed trout (3 supermarkets). PMQR genes (qnrS1-S2-S3, qnrB7-B19, qnrD1, oqxAB) were detected in Enterobacteriaceae or Aeromonas hydrophila. An E. coli strain producing extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase SHV-12 was detected in all sampled points of a fish farm. Salmonella (4 serotypes, including S. Newport-ST118) was detected in 26% (n = 14/53) of the samples from both farms (water/sediment upstream/within tanks). The clinically-relevant plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mcr genes were not detected. However, colistin resistant S. Abony with new mutations in the chromosomal pmrA and pmrB genes was observed. Identical Salmonella and SHV-12-producing E. coli strains (by PFGE/MLST) in water upstream and within trout tanks points to inflow-water of trout farms as an important source of pathogenic bacteria and ARG contamination. These results highlight the need to define microbiological standards for water supplying fish farms in the EU and to establish surveillance and control strategies to limit bacterial transmission associated with this fastest growing food sector worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Antunes
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Campos
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Mourão
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Pereira
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Novais
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Peixe
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Wimalasena SHMP, Pathirana HNKS, Shin GW, De Silva BCJ, Hossain S, Heo GJ. Characterization of Quinolone-Resistant Determinants in Tribe Proteeae Isolated from Pet Turtles with High Prevalence of qnrD and Novel gyrB Mutations. Microb Drug Resist 2018; 25:611-618. [PMID: 30427748 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2018.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria has challenged significantly in both veterinary and human medicine. In this study, we analyzed the potential risk of pet turtles harboring tribe Proteeae as a source of quinolone-resistant determinants, including plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes and target gene alterations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR). Antimicrobial susceptibility of 54 Proteeae isolates against ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and nalidixic acid was examined. The PMQR genes and QRDR alterations were identified using conventional PCR assays and sequencing. Four isolates were resistant to all quinolones tested in this study. Nine isolates showed resistance to nalidixic acid and showed either intermediate resistance or susceptibility to other tested quinolones. All isolates resistant to one or more tested quinolones harbored mutations in gyrB and some also had gyrA and parC mutations. Of 54, 12 Proteeae isolates displayed the novel E466D, N440T, Q411S, and F417L mutations in gyrB. Among the PMQR genes, 41 (76%) isolates harbored the qnrD gene with the highest prevalence, whereas aac(6')Ib-cr, qnrS, qnrA, and qnrB genes were detected in 28 (52%), 9 (17.0%), 7 (13.0%), and 1 (1.9%) study isolates, respectively. The QRDR analysis of selected mutants revealed that increasing quinolone selective pressure led to a predominance of gyrA mutants. All results indicate that a healthy pet turtle can play as a potential reservoir for quinolone-resistant Proteeae, which it might cause public health risk on pet owners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gee-Wook Shin
- 2 Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | | | - Sabrina Hossain
- 1 Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Gang-Joon Heo
- 1 Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Xue C, Cai J, Kang H, Chen Y, Wang K, Qian H, Bao C, Li N, Guo Z, Zhang Z, Wang J, Ma P, Gu B. Two novel mutations in parE among Shigella flexneri isolated from Jiangsu Province of China, 2016. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:306. [PMID: 30211194 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.07.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background The study was conducted to assess the resistance capacity of quinolone against Shigella flexneri, and to investigate the involved quinolone resistance mechanism. The data were collected from Jiangsu Province, China in 2016. Methods The number of 81 S. flexneri was obtained from 12 cities in Jiangsu Province of China during 2016. Slide agglutination was taken for serotyping, and susceptibility test was identified by the disc diffusion method. PCR aimed to amplify the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) genes and screen for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants. Chromosomal mutation was confirmed by sequencing and Blast comparison. Results 2a was the commonest serotype, accounting for 40.7% (33/81) of the 81 S. flexneri. 70.4% (57/81) isolates expressed resistance against nalidixic acid, and the resistance against ciprofloxacin even reached up to a high proportion of 58.0% (47/81). A total of 8 point mutations were identified, including 2 novel mutations discovered in parE (Ser458Leu and Gly408Asp). The common mutation Ser83Leu in gyrA was still the most prevalent here with a percentage of 70.4% (57/81), followed by the approximate mutation of 69.1% (56/81) in parC (Ser80Ile) and His211Tyr in gyrA. Meanwhile, 35.8% (29/81) isolates were confirmed with mutation of Gln517Arg in gyrB. In addition, qnrS positive isolates occupied a proportion of 7.4% (6/81), but only 1 strain was observed with aac(6')-Ib-cr. All PMQR positive isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid. However, 5 of them didn't stay susceptible to ciprofloxacin any more. Conclusions This is the first time that a study researches the occurrence of mutations in parE among S. flexneri, Ser458Leu and Gly408Asp included. The study indicates that the high resistance to fluoroquinolone remains a serious problem in Jiangsu, China. Thus, the prevention and control of current infection urge for a comprehensive and systematic surveillance based on persistent surveys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cun Xue
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jinchi Cai
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Haiquan Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Huimin Qian
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Changjun Bao
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Na Li
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Foreign Languages, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Medical Technology School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Harada T, Taguchi M, Kawahara R, Kanki M, Kawatsu K. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacterial Pathogens in Ready-to-Eat Foods Retailed in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. J Food Prot 2018; 81:1450-1458. [PMID: 30080122 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The potential human health risk of Japanese ready-to-eat (RTE) foods was investigated by determining the contamination by foodborne bacterial pathogens, the prevalence of opportunistic and nosocomial pathogens, and the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates recovered from 96 samples of lightly pickled vegetables, 88 samples of Western-style desserts, and 98 samples of RTE fish and seafood products sold at retail in Osaka, Japan. Staphylococcus aureus, including isolates producing staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE), were isolated from six lightly pickled vegetable products, seven Western-style dessert products, and three RTE fish and seafood products. Of these isolates, one SEC-producing isolate from a cake was identified as community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus, which was multilocus sequence type 8 and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type IV. Enterobacteriaceae species, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter freundii-Citrobacter braakii, and/or the Enterobacter cloacae complex, were isolated from 92 (95.8%) of the lightly pickled vegetable products, 39 (44.3%) of the Western-style dessert products, and 74 (75.5%) of the RTE fish and seafood products. On the basis of the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the opportunistic and nosocomial Enterobacteriaceae pathogens, the third-generation cephalosporin, fosfomycin, and quinolone resistance determinants were investigated. We detected AmpC products of the CIT group and a qnrB9 product in 5 and 1 C. freundii-C. braakii isolates, respectively, and fosA gene products in 15 E. cloacae complex isolates. Because RTE foods are consumed without a heating process, the spread of bacterial pathogens from contaminated food to human consumers is possible. RTE foods must be handled using hygienic procedures from the processing steps to the table to reduce the prevalence of potentially pathogenic or pathogenic bacteria and to prevent bacterial growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Harada
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Masumi Taguchi
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kawahara
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Masashi Kanki
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawatsu
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Nakamichi 1-3-69, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Kim DW, Thawng CN, Lee K, Cha CJ. Revisiting Polymorphic Diversity of Aminoglycoside N-Acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Ib Based on Bacterial Genomes of Human, Animal, and Environmental Origins. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1831. [PMID: 30147681 PMCID: PMC6095969 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of aac(6')-Ib variants has been demonstrated in numerous epidemiological studies. We revisited the polymorphic diversity of aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase gene [aac(6')-Ib] in the bacterial genome databases based on One Health perspectives. aac(6')-Ib was searched against bacterial complete and draft genome databases of NCBI. Based on the major polymorphic residues 102, 117, and 179, taxonomy, ecology, and temporal emergence of bacterial isolates harboring variants of aac(6')-Ib gene were evaluated using whole-genome sequences available in the databases. A total of 3,964 aac(6')-Ib sequences were found to be present in the genomes of 34 bacterial genera, mostly found in Gammaproteobacteria. Among these, aac(6')-Ib-cr variant, known to confer fluoroquinolone resistance, were increasingly detected in bacterial genomes and most abundant in the genera Klebsiella and Escherichia, thereby suggesting that these genera were the major reservoirs of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinant. The proportions of the cr variant were higher in animal and environmental isolates than in human isolates, among which the variant was dominant (>50%) in the genomes of intestinal, rectal, and fecal origins. In addition, our study suggested that the prevalence of the cr variant was associated with the occurrence of a variant with the mutation L117 (IbL). An integrated surveillance system for antimicrobial resistance in human, animal, and environmental sectors, based on whole-genome sequencing, would provide a better insight into the evolution, ecology, and epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chang-Jun Cha
- Department of Systems Biotechnology and Center for Antibiotic Resistome, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Ramírez-Castillo FY, Moreno-Flores AC, Avelar-González FJ, Márquez-Díaz F, Harel J, Guerrero-Barrera AL. An evaluation of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates in urinary tract infections from Aguascalientes, Mexico: cross-sectional study. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2018; 17:34. [PMID: 30041652 PMCID: PMC6057003 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-018-0286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are one of the main bacteria causing urinary tract infections (UTIs). The rates of UPEC with high resistance towards antibiotics and multidrug-resistant bacteria have increased dramatically in recent years and could difficult the treatment. METHODS The aim of the study was to determine multidrug-resistant bacteria, antibiotic resistance profile, virulence traits, and genetic background of 110 E. coli isolated from community (79 isolates) and hospital-acquired (31 isolates) urinary tract infections. The plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes presence was also investigated. A subset of 18 isolates with a quinolone-resistance phenotype was examined for common virulence genes encoded in diarrheagenic and extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli by a specific E. coli microarray. RESULTS Female children were the group most affected by UTIs, which were mainly community-acquired. Resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and ampicillin-sulbactam was most prevalent. A frequent occurrence of resistance toward ciprofloxacin (47.3%), levofloxacin (43.6%) and cephalosporins (27.6%) was observed. In addition, 63% of the strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Almost all the fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant strains showed MDR-phenotype. Isolates from male patients were associated to FQ-resistant and MDR-phenotype. Moreover, hospital-acquired infections were correlated to third generation cephalosporin and nitrofurantoin resistance and the presence of kpsMTII gene. Overall, fimH (71.8%) and fyuA (68.2%), had the highest prevalence as virulence genes among isolates. However, the profile of virulence genes displayed a great diversity, which included the presence of genes related to diarrheagenic E. coli. Out of 110 isolates, 25 isolates (22.7%) were positive to qnrA, 23 (20.9%) to qnrB, 7 (6.4%) to qnrS1, 7 (6.4%) to aac(6')lb-cr, 5 (4.5%) to qnrD, and 1 (0.9%) to qnrC genes. A total of 12.7% of the isolates harbored blaCTX-M genes, with blaCTX-M-15 being the most prevalent. CONCLUSIONS Urinary tract infection due to E. coli may be difficult to treat empirically due to high resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Continuous surveillance of multidrug resistant organisms and patterns of drug resistance are needed in order to prevent treatment failure and reduce selective pressure. These findings may help choosing more suitable treatments of UTI patients in this region of Mexico.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flor Y. Ramírez-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Col. Cd. Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Adriana C. Moreno-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Col. Cd. Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Francisco J. Avelar-González
- Laboratorio de Ciencias Ambientales, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Col. Cd. Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Francisco Márquez-Díaz
- Departamento de Infectología, Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo, Galeana Sur 495, Obraje, 20000 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Josée Harel
- Département de pathologie et microbiologie, Centre de Recherche en Infectologíe Porcine et Aviaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200, rue Sicott, Saint-Hyacinthe, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - Alma L. Guerrero-Barrera
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Col. Cd. Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Identification and characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from healthy poultry in Brazil. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 60:66-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
82
|
Janecko N, Halova D, Jamborova I, Papousek I, Masarikova M, Dolejska M, Literak I. Occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. recovered from Corvus brachyrhynchos and Corvus corax roosting in Canada. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 67:130-135. [PMID: 29675942 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The spread of antimicrobial resistance from human activity derived sources to natural habitats implicates wildlife as potential vectors of antimicrobial resistance transfer. Wild birds, including corvid species can disseminate mobile genetic resistance determinants through faeces. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates obtained from winter roosting sites of American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and common ravens (Corvus corax) in Canada. Faecal swabs were collected at five roosting sites across Canada. Selective media isolation and multiplex PCR screening was utilized to identify PMQR genes followed by gene sequencing, pulse-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing to characterize isolates. Despite the low prevalence of E. coli containing PMQR (1·3%, 6/449), qnrS1, qnrB19, qnrC, oqxAB and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes were found in five sequence types (ST), including E. coli ST 131. Conversely, one isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae contained the plasmid-mediated resistance gene qnrB19. Five different K. pneumoniae STs were identified, including two novel types. The occurrence of PMQR genes and STs of public health significance in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from corvids gives further evidence of the anthropogenic derived dissemination of antimicrobial resistance determinants at the human activity-wildlife-environment interface. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study examined large corvids as possible vector species for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in indicator and pathogenic bacteria as a means to assess the anthropogenic dissemination of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes. Although rare, PMQR genes were found among corvid populations across Canada. The clinically important Escherichia coli strain ST131 containing aac(6')-Ib-cr gene along with a four-class phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern as well as one Klebsiella pneumoniae strain containing a qnrB19 gene were identified in one geographical location. Corvids are a viable vector for the circulation of PMQR genes and clinically important clones in wide-ranging environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Janecko
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - D Halova
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I Jamborova
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I Papousek
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Masarikova
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Dolejska
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I Literak
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Abstract
Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA elements that can be found throughout bacteria, as well as in other domains of life. Nonetheless, the evolutionary processes underlying the persistence of plasmids are incompletely understood. Bacterial plasmids may encode genes for traits that are sometimes beneficial to their hosts, such as antimicrobial resistance, virulence, heavy metal tolerance, and the catabolism of unique nutrient sources. In the absence of selection for these traits, however, plasmids generally impose a fitness cost on their hosts. As such, plasmid persistence presents a conundrum: models predict that costly plasmids will be lost over time or that beneficial plasmid genes will be integrated into the host genome. However, laboratory and comparative studies have shown that plasmids can persist for long periods, even in the absence of positive selection. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain plasmid persistence, including host-plasmid co-adaptation, plasmid hitchhiking, cross-ecotype transfer, and high plasmid transfer rates, but there is no clear evidence that any one model adequately resolves the plasmid paradox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Carroll
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.,Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Alex Wong
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.,Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Mannion AJ, Martin HR, Shen Z, Buckley EM, Dzink-Fox JL, Garcia A, Marini RP, Patterson MM, Fox JG. Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Shigella flexneri Isolated From Macaques. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:311. [PMID: 29556221 PMCID: PMC5844971 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-human primates (NHPs) for biomedical research are commonly infected with Shigella spp. that can cause acute dysentery or chronic episodic diarrhea. These animals are often prophylactically and clinically treated with quinolone antibiotics to eradicate these possible infections. However, chromosomally- and plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance has become an emerging concern for species in the family Enterobacteriaceae. In this study, five individual isolates of multi-drug resistant Shigella flexneri were isolated from the feces of three macaques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing confirmed resistance or decreased susceptibility to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalosporins, gentamicin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, levofloxacin, and nalidixic acid. S. flexneri isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and this drug was used to eradicate infection in two of the macaques. Plasmid DNA from all isolates was positive for the plasmid-encoded quinolone resistance gene qnrS, but not qnrA and qnrB. Conjugation and transformation of plasmid DNA from several S. flexneri isolates into antibiotic-susceptible Escherichia coli strains conferred the recipients with resistance or decreased susceptibility to quinolones and beta-lactams. Genome sequencing of two representative S. flexneri isolates identified the qnrS gene on a plasmid-like contig. These contigs showed >99% homology to plasmid sequences previously characterized from quinolone-resistant Shigella flexneri 2a and Salmonella enterica strains. Other antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factor genes were also identified in chromosome and plasmid sequences in these genomes. The findings from this study indicate macaques harbor pathogenic S. flexneri strains with chromosomally- and plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance genes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in S. flexneri isolated from NHPs and warrants isolation and antibiotic testing of enteric pathogens before treating macaques with quinolones prophylactically or therapeutically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James G. Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Characterization of quinolone resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from companion animals in Europe (ComPath II study). Vet Microbiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
86
|
Abstract
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) involves genes for proteins that protect the quinolone targets, an enzyme that inactivates certain quinolones as well as aminoglycosides, and pumps that efflux quinolones. Quinolone susceptibility is reduced by these mechanisms but not to the level of clinical resistance unless chromosomal mutations are also present. PCR primers and conditions for PMQR gene detection are described as well as how to establish a plasmid location.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George A Jacoby
- Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, 41 Mall Road, Burlington, MA, 01805, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Yu T, Jiang X, Liang Y, Zhu Y, Tian J, Ying H, Wang X, Shi L. Characterization and Horizontal Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Integrons in Bacteria Isolated from Cooked Meat Products in China. J Food Prot 2017; 80:2048-2055. [PMID: 29148877 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial resistance and the presence and transferability of corresponding resistance genes and integrons in bacteria isolated from cooked meat samples in the People's Republic of China. A total of 150 isolates (22 species belonging to 15 genera) were isolated from 49 samples. Resistance of these isolates to antimicrobials was commonly observed; 42.7, 36.0, and 25.3% of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, streptomycin, and ampicillin, respectively. Multidrug resistance was observed in 41 (27.3%) of the isolates. Sixteen resistance genes, i.e., blaTEM-1 and blaCTX-M-14 (β-lactams), aac(3)-IIa (gentamicin), strA and strB (streptomycin), qnrB and qnrS (fluoroquinolone), sul1, sul2, and sul3 (sulfamethoxazole), cat1 and cat2 (chloramphenicol), and tetM, tetA, tetS, and tetB (tetracycline), were found in 54 isolates. One isolate of Pseudomonas putida carried qnrB, and sequence analysis of the PCR product revealed 96% identity to qnrB2. The qnr genes were found coresiding and were cotransferred with bla genes in two isolates. Twelve isolates were positive for the class 1 integrase gene, and four isolates carried the class 2 integrase gene. However, no class 3 integrase gene was detected. One isolate of Proteus mirabilis carried dfrA32-ereA-aadA2, and this unusual array could be transferred to Escherichia coli. Nonclassic class 1 integrons lacking qacEΔ1 and sul1 genes were found in 2 of the 12 intI1-positive isolates. Our results revealed the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in cooked meats and the presence and transferability of resistance genes in some isolates, suggesting that cooked meat products may act as reservoirs of drug-resistant bacteria and may facilitate the spread of resistance genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- 1 College of Life Science and Technology and
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- 2 College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Yu Liang
- 3 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- 1 College of Life Science and Technology and
| | - Jinhe Tian
- 1 College of Life Science and Technology and
| | - Hao Ying
- 1 College of Life Science and Technology and
| | | | - Lei Shi
- 4 Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Wimalasena S, De Silva B, Hossain S, Pathirana H, Heo GJ. Prevalence and characterisation of quinolone resistance genes in Aeromonas spp. isolated from pet turtles in South Korea. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2017; 11:34-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
|
89
|
Vingopoulou EI, Delis GA, Batzias GC, Kaltsogianni F, Koutinas A, Kristo I, Pournaras S, Saridomichelakis MN, Siarkou VI. Prevalence and mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli isolates recovered from dogs suffering from otitis in Greece. Vet Microbiol 2017; 213:102-107. [PMID: 29291992 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and the implicated mechanisms of resistance against selected veterinary fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin and pradofloxacin) among 101 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=75) and Escherichia coli (n=26) isolates collected from dogs suffering from otitis. Resistance ranged from 32.0% to 48.0% with differences not being considered statistically significant among the three agents or between the two bacterial species. However, individual MICs of pradofloxacin, the latest veterinary fluoroquinolone, were significantly lower than those of enrofloxacin, the oldest one, indicating an increased in vitro potency of the former antimicrobial. Pradofloxacin MIC90 was, additionally, the lowest (8μg/ml), in E. coli, or among the lowest (8μg/ml), in P. aeruginosa isolates. Resistance was in most cases associated with topoisomerase substitutions, with patterns GyrA:V73G in P. aeruginosa and GyrA:S83L+D87N/ParC:S58I+A86V in E. coli being reported for the first time in small animal isolates. Only 6.7% and 15.4% of P. aeruginosa and E. coli otitis isolates, respectively, carried plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, which, moreover, contributed minimally to resistance. Efflux pump activity was additionally detected in resistant E. coli isolates, even those lacking topoisomerase substitutions or PMQR genes. The emergence of resistance in the canine otitis isolates seemed to be associated with previous, prolonged systemic fluoroquinolone administration. In any case, antimicrobial susceptibility testing should guide the selection of systemic FQs for the treatment of canine otitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elpida I Vingopoulou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios A Delis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios C Batzias
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Flora Kaltsogianni
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Koutinas
- Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioulia Kristo
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 411 10 Larissa, Greece
| | - Spyros Pournaras
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Manolis N Saridomichelakis
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Victoria I Siarkou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Henriksson PJG, Rico A, Troell M, Klinger DH, Buschmann AH, Saksida S, Chadag MV, Zhang W. Unpacking factors influencing antimicrobial use in global aquaculture and their implication for management: a review from a systems perspective. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2017; 13:1105-1120. [PMID: 30147798 PMCID: PMC6086308 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-017-0511-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Global seafood provides almost 20% of all animal protein in diets, and aquaculture is, despite weakening trends, the fastest growing food sector worldwide. Recent increases in production have largely been achieved through intensification of existing farming systems, resulting in higher risks of disease outbreaks. This has led to increased use of antimicrobials (AMs) and consequent antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in many farming sectors, which may compromise the treatment of bacterial infections in the aquaculture species itself and increase the risks of AMR in humans through zoonotic diseases or through the transfer of AMR genes to human bacteria. Multiple stakeholders have, as a result, criticized the aquaculture industry, resulting in consequent regulations in some countries. AM use in aquaculture differs from that in livestock farming due to aquaculture's greater diversity of species and farming systems, alternative means of AM application, and less consolidated farming practices in many regions. This, together with less research on AM use in aquaculture in general, suggests that large data gaps persist with regards to its overall use, breakdowns by species and system, and how AMs become distributed in, and impact on, the overall social-ecological systems in which they are embedded. This paper identifies the main factors (and challenges) behind application rates, which enables discussion of mitigation pathways. From a set of identified key mechanisms for AM usage, six proximate factors are identified: vulnerability to bacterial disease, AM access, disease diagnostic capacity, AMR, target markets and food safety regulations, and certification. Building upon these can enable local governments to reduce AM use through farmer training, spatial planning, assistance with disease identification, and stricter regulations. National governments and international organizations could, in turn, assist with disease-free juveniles and vaccines, enforce rigid monitoring of the quantity and quality of AMs used by farmers and the AM residues in the farmed species and in the environment, and promote measures to reduce potential human health risks associated with AMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrik J. G. Henriksson
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- WorldFish, Jalan Batu Maung, Batu Maung, 11960 Bayan Lepas, Penang Malaysia
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, P.O. Box 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid Spain
| | - Max Troell
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- The Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Box 50005, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dane H. Klinger
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
| | | | - Sonja Saksida
- Aquaculture Management Division, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mohan V. Chadag
- WorldFish, Jalan Batu Maung, Batu Maung, 11960 Bayan Lepas, Penang Malaysia
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Yaghoubi S, Ranjbar R, Soltan Dallal MM, Shirazi MH, Sharifi-Yazdi MK. Frequency of Mutations in Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions and Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Shigella Isolates Recovered from Pediatric Patients in Tehran, Iran: An Overlooked Problem. Microb Drug Resist 2017; 24:699-706. [PMID: 29148915 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance in clinical isolates of Shigella species has been increasing reported in recent years. This study was carried out to find the mutations within the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) and the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants among the clinical isolates of Shigella sp. in Tehran, Iran. A total of 50 Shigella isolates were collected from five teaching therapeutic centers in Tehran, Iran and analyzed for antibiotic susceptibility over a period of 20 months from July 2015 to January 2017. The PCR and direct nucleotide sequencing were used for genetic alterations in the QRDRs. The PMQR genes were detected using PCR. The results revealed four types of mutations in the QRDR of gyrA: 20 (40%) had a S83L mutation, 1 (2%) had a S83A mutation, 2 (4%) had a D87G mutation, and 1 (2%) isolate had a D87Y mutation. Mutations were also found at codon N57D, D200N, and E210K in three isolates. Seven hospitalized children had qnrS determinants, and one isolates had the mutation S83A, while two isolates had double mutations at S83L and/or D87G (Ser83Leu and Asp-87Gly). The PMQR gene-positive isolates had the single replacement of serine with leucine. In hospitalized children, two isolates had two types of PMQR determinants (qnrS and qnrA) and (qnrS and qnrB) at once. The results of this study indicate that the emergence of strains with mutations in the QRDR regions and the capture of PMQR determinants in strains may lead to failure in therapy with FQ and the widespread emergence of strains with high-level FQ resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Yaghoubi
- 1 Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ranjbar
- 2 Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
- 1 Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran .,3 Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Shirazi
- 1 Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazem Sharifi-Yazdi
- 4 Zoonosis Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran .,5 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Para Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Rahman Z, Islam A, Rashid MU, Johura FT, Monira S, Watanabe H, Ahmed N, Camilli A, Alam M. Existence of a novel qepA variant in quinolone resistant Escherichia coli from aquatic habitats of Bangladesh. Gut Pathog 2017; 9:58. [PMID: 29075330 PMCID: PMC5654019 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-017-0207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Of 19 environmental Escherichia coli (n = 12) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 7) tested for quinolone resistance-related genes qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS and qepA, four each of E. coli and K. pneumoniae possessed qnrS, and another E. coli isolate possessed a new variant of qepA. This is the first detection of qepA in environmentally dwelling bacteria in Bangladesh.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zillur Rahman
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Aminul Islam
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Mahamud-Ur Rashid
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Fatema-Tuz Johura
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Shirajum Monira
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Haruo Watanabe
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Niyaz Ahmed
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Andrew Camilli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Munirul Alam
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Manageiro V, Félix D, Jones-Dias D, Sampaio DA, Vieira L, Sancho L, Ferreira E, Caniça M. Genetic Background and Expression of the New qepA4 Gene Variant Recovered in Clinical TEM-1- and CMY-2-Producing Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1899. [PMID: 29062302 PMCID: PMC5640717 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A new QepA4 variant was detected in an O86:H28 ST156-fimH38 Escherichia coli, showing a multidrug-resistance phenotype. PAβN inhibition of qepA4-harboring transconjugant resulted in increase of nalidixic acid accumulation. The qepA4 and catA1 genes were clustered in a 26.0-kp contig matching an IncF-type plasmid, and containing a Tn21-type transposon with multiple mobile genetic elements. This QepA variant is worrisome because these determinants might facilitate the selection of higher-level resistance mutants, playing a role in the development of resistance, and/or confer higher-level resistance to fluoroquinolones in association with chromosomal mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Manageiro
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, University of Porto, Oporto, Portugal
| | - David Félix
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniela Jones-Dias
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centre for the Studies of Animal Science, Institute of Agrarian and Agri-Food Sciences and Technologies, University of Porto, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Daniel A Sampaio
- Innovation and Technology Unit, Human Genetics Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Vieira
- Innovation and Technology Unit, Human Genetics Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luísa Sancho
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Hospital Professor Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Ferreira
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuela Caniça
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Cao TT, Deng GH, Fang LX, Yang RS, Sun J, Liu YH, Liao XP. Characterization of Quinolone Resistance in Salmonella enterica from Farm Animals in China. J Food Prot 2017; 80:1742-1748. [PMID: 28922026 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was focused on the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Salmonella directly isolated at animal clinics in Guangdong, People's Republic of China. The isolation rates from chickens, ducks, and pigs were 11.3% (11 of 97 samples), 15.4% (53 of 344 samples), and 3.0% (13 of 434 samples), respectively. Among the 77 Salmonella enterica isolates, the most predominant serovar was Typhimurium (81.8%, 63 isolates), followed by serovars Meleagridis (2.6%, 2 isolates) and Abaetetuba (1.3%, 1 isolate). Salmonella isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (16.9% of isolates) and nalidixic acid (66.2% of isolates), and 68 isolates (88.3%) were multidrug resistant, displaying resistance to three or more classes of antimicrobial agents. Eighteen isolates (23.4%) had at least one plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, which was identified using PCR and DNA sequencing. The most prevalent plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene was aac(6')-Ib-cr, found in 14 isolates (18.2%), followed by oqxAB (9.1%) and qnrS (7.8%). Alterations in the gyrA gene were detected in 24 (57.1%) of 42 strains with a ciprofloxacin MIC of ≥0.25 μg/mL; the same level of susceptibility was found for enrofloxacin. Six types of mutations were found in the quinolone resistance determining regions of gyrA, and the predominant one (S83Y) was found singly in 15 (62.5%) of 24 isolates. We also found 22 different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types among the Salmonella isolates. The Salmonella serovars and MICs of ciprofloxacin were similar within clusters, although individual differences were noted. This finding suggests that resistance plasmids were horizontally transmitted but also clonally spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Cao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-5837 [X.-p.L.])
| | - Guo-Hui Deng
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-5837 [X.-p.L.])
| | - Liang-Xing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-5837 [X.-p.L.])
| | - Run-Shi Yang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-5837 [X.-p.L.])
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-5837 [X.-p.L.])
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-5837 [X.-p.L.])
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-5837 [X.-p.L.])
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
OHASHI Y, FUJISAWA T. Detection of antibiotic resistance genes in the feces of young adult Japanese. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2017; 36:151-154. [PMID: 29038771 PMCID: PMC5633530 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.17-004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes in the feces of healthy young adult Japanese were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. Antibiotic resistance genes against macrolides (ermB, ermF, ermX, and mefA/E), tetracyclines (tetW, tetQ, tetO, and tetX), β-lactam antibiotics (blaTEM ), and streptomycin (aadE) were detected in more than 50% of subjects. These antibiotic resistance genes are likely widespread in the large intestinal bacteria of young adult Japanese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji OHASHI
- Laboratory of Food Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Tomohiko FUJISAWA
- Laboratory of Food Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Jayme MMA, Castro RO, Silva CAM, Silva MM, Carmo FLD, Araujo FVD. Evaluation of the biotechnological potential of bacterioplankton from Niterói coast, RJ. C R Biol 2017; 340:324-329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
97
|
Correia S, Poeta P, Hébraud M, Capelo JL, Igrejas G. Mechanisms of quinolone action and resistance: where do we stand? J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:551-559. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Correia
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michel Hébraud
- Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), UMR Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé (MEDiS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, site de Theix, France
- Plate-Forme d’Exploration du Métabolisme composante protéomique, UR370 QuaPA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, site de Theix, France
| | - José Luis Capelo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- ProteoMass Scientific Society, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Caparica Campus, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Igrejas
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Characterization of genetic determinants involved in antibiotic resistance in Aeromonas spp. and fecal coliforms isolated from different aquatic environments. Res Microbiol 2017; 168:461-471. [PMID: 28263906 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aeromonas spp. and fecal coliforms, two abundant and cultivable bacterial populations that can be found in water ecosystems, might substantially contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance. We investigated the presence and spread of transposons (elements that can move from one location to another in the genome), integrons (structures able to capture and incorporate gene cassettes) and resistance plasmids in strains isolated from polluted and unpolluted water. We recovered 231 Aeromonas and 250 fecal coliforms from water samplings with different degrees of pollution (hospital sewage, activated sludge of a wastewater treatment plant, river water before and after treatment and water from an alpine lake). Sixteen Aeromonas spp. and 22 fecal coliforms carried intI, coding for the site-specific integrase of class 1 integrons, while 22 Aeromonas spp. and 14 fecal coliforms carried tnpA, the transposase gene of the Tn3-family of replicative transposons. The majority of intI and tnpA-positive strains were phenotypically resistant to at least four antibiotics. Integrons and transposons were mainly located on mobilizable plasmids. Our results did not detect common mobile structures in the two populations and therefore relativize the role played by Aeromonas spp. as vectors of antimicrobial resistance determinants between water and commensal gut bacteria.
Collapse
|
99
|
Paiva MC, Reis MP, Costa PS, Dias MF, Bleicher L, Scholte LLS, Nardi RMD, Nascimento AMA. Identification of new bacteria harboring qnrS and aac(6')-Ib/cr and mutations possibly involved in fluoroquinolone resistance in raw sewage and activated sludge samples from a full-scale WWTP. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 110:27-37. [PMID: 27984803 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) harbor bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes, favoring gene exchange events and resistance dissemination. Here, a culture-based and metagenomic survey of qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib genes from raw sewage (RS) and activated sludge (AS) of a full-scale municipal WWTP was performed. A total of 96 bacterial isolates were recovered from nalidixic acid-enrichment cultures. Bacteria harboring the aac(6')-Ib gene predominated in RS, whereas qnrS-positive isolates were specific to AS. Novel qnrS- and aac(6')-Ib-cr positive species were identified: Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri, and Pseudomonas guangdongensis (qnrS), and Alcaligenes faecalis and P. rettgeri (aac(6')-Ib-cr). Analysis of qnrS and aac(6')-Ib sequences from isolates and clone libraries suggested that the diversity of qnrS is wider than that of aac(6')-Ib. A large number of amino acid mutations were observed in the QnrS and AAC(6')-Ib proteins at previously undetected positions, whose structural implications are not clear. An accumulation of mutations at the C72, Q73, L74, A75 and M76 positions of QnrS, and D181 of AAC(6')-Ib might be important for resistance. These findings add significant information on bacteria harboring qnrS and aac(6')-Ib genes, and the presence of novel mutations that may eventually emerge in clinical isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magna C Paiva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Campus Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Reis
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S Costa
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcela F Dias
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas Bleicher
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa L S Scholte
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou - FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Regina M D Nardi
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andréa M A Nascimento
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Nayme K, Barguigua A, Bouchrif B, Karraouan B, El Otmani F, Elmdaghri N, Zerouali K, Timinouni M. Genotypic characterization of quinolone resistant-Escherichia coli isolates from retail food in Morocco. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2017; 52:107-114. [PMID: 28099089 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1239985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the retail food as a possible vehicle for antimicrobial resistant, particularly quinolones resistant and pathogenic Escherichia coli. We determined the prevalence and characteristics of nalidixic acid (Nal) resistant E. coli isolates from diverse retail food samples. In all, 70 (28%) of 250 E. coli isolates studied were Nal-resistant E. coli and 91% of these were multi-drug resistant. Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes were identified in 32 isolates, including aac(6')-Ib-cr (n = 16), qnrS1 (n = 11) and qnrB19 (n = 7). Mutations in gyr A and par C genes were detected among 80% of the isolates, and the isolates showed substitution Ser83-Leu and Asp87-Asn in gyrA and Ser80-Ile in parC. In addition, three different gene cassettes were identified (aadA1, aadA7, aac(3)-Id) in 18%. Virulence-associated genes stx1, eae, sfa, hlyA and stx2 were found in six (8%), three (4%), two (3%), three (4%) and three (4%) isolates, respectively. E. coli isolates of phylogenetic group A were dominant (64%, 45/70). Pulsed field gel electrophoresis revealed none epidemiological relationship between these isolates. The results of this work report the higher frequency of Nal-resistant E. coli isolates from Moroccan retail food samples including MDR and pathogenic isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaotar Nayme
- a Molecular Bacteriology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc , Casablanca , Morocco
- b Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II , Casablanca , Morocco
| | - Abouddihaj Barguigua
- c Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Sultan Moulay Slimane , Beni Mellal , Morocco
| | - Brahim Bouchrif
- d Food Microbiology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc , Casablanca , Morocco
| | - Bouchra Karraouan
- e Microbiology, Health and Environment Team Research, Department of Biology , Faculty of Sciences, ChouaibDoukkali University , El Jadida , Morocco
| | | | - Naima Elmdaghri
- a Molecular Bacteriology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc , Casablanca , Morocco
- b Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II , Casablanca , Morocco
- f University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd , Casablanca , Morocco
| | - Khalid Zerouali
- b Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II , Casablanca , Morocco
- f University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd , Casablanca , Morocco
| | - Mohammed Timinouni
- a Molecular Bacteriology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc , Casablanca , Morocco
| |
Collapse
|