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Riccardi C, Perrone L, Napolitano F, Sampaolo S, Melone MAB. Understanding the Biological Activities of Vitamin D in Type 1 Neurofibromatosis: New Insights into Disease Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Design. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2965. [PMID: 33066259 PMCID: PMC7602022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone playing a pivotal role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis as well as in bone health. Vitamin D levels are not exclusively dependent on food intake. Indeed, the endogenous production-occurring in the skin and dependent on sun exposure-contributes to the majority amount of vitamin D present in the body. Since vitamin D receptors (VDRs) are ubiquitous and drive the expression of hundreds of genes, the interest in vitamin D has tremendously grown and its role in different diseases has been extensively studied. Several investigations indicated that vitamin D action extends far beyond bone health and calcium metabolism, showing broad effects on a variety of critical illnesses, including cancer, infections, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Epidemiological studies indicated that low circulating vitamin D levels inversely correlate with cutaneous manifestations and bone abnormalities, clinical hallmarks of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1 is an autosomal dominant tumour predisposition syndrome causing significant pain and morbidity, for which limited treatment options are available. In this context, vitamin D or its analogues have been used to treat both skin and bone lesions in NF1 patients, alone or combined with other therapeutic agents. Here we provide an overview of vitamin D, its characteristic nutritional properties relevant for health benefits and its role in NF1 disorder. We focus on preclinical and clinical studies that demonstrated the clinical correlation between vitamin D status and NF1 disease, thus providing important insights into disease pathogenesis and new opportunities for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Lorena Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Simone Sampaolo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
| | - Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Sergio Pansini 5, I-80131 Naples, Italy; (L.P.); (F.N.); (S.S.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biology, Temple University, BioLife Building (015-00), 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6078, USA
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Vitamin D serum levels in patients with migraine: A meta-analysis. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2020; 176:560-570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Xu Y, Baylink DJ, Chen CS, Reeves ME, Xiao J, Lacy C, Lau E, Cao H. The importance of vitamin d metabolism as a potential prophylactic, immunoregulatory and neuroprotective treatment for COVID-19. J Transl Med 2020; 18:322. [PMID: 32847594 PMCID: PMC7447609 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization. As of May 18, 2020, there have been more than 4.7 million cases and over 316,000 deaths worldwide. COVID-19 is caused by a highly infectious novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), leading to an acute infectious disease with mild-to-severe clinical symptoms such as flu-like symptoms, fever, headache, dry cough, muscle pain, loss of smell and taste, increased shortness of breath, bilateral viral pneumonia, conjunctivitis, acute respiratory distress syndromes, respiratory failure, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), sepsis, etc. While physicians and scientists have yet to discover a treatment, it is imperative that we urgently address 2 questions: how to prevent infection in immunologically naive individuals and how to treat severe symptoms such as CRS, acute respiratory failure, and the loss of somatosensation. Previous studies from the 1918 influenza pandemic have suggested vitamin D's non-classical role in reducing lethal pneumonia and case fatality rates. Recent clinical trials also reported that vitamin D supplementation can reduce incidence of acute respiratory infection and the severity of respiratory tract diseases in adults and children. According to our literature search, there are no similar findings of clinical trials that have been published as of July 1st, 2020, in relation to the supplementation of vitamin D in the potential prevention and treatment for COVID-19. In this review, we summarize the potential role of vitamin D extra-renal metabolism in the prevention and treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, helping to bring us slightly closer to fulfilling that goal. We will focus on 3 major topics here: 1. Vitamin D might aid in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection: Vitamin D: Overview of Renal and Extra-renal metabolism and regulation. Vitamin D: Overview of molecular mechanism and multifaceted functions beyond skeletal homeostasis. Vitamin D: Overview of local immunomodulation in human infectious diseases. Anti-viral infection. Anti-malaria and anti-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). 2. Vitamin D might act as a strong immunosuppressant inhibiting cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19: Vitamin D: Suppression of key pro-inflammatory pathways including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). 3. Vitamin D might prevent loss of neural sensation in COVID-19 by stimulating expression of neurotrophins like Nerve Growth Factor (NGF): Vitamin D: Induction of key neurotrophic factors. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.
- Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, California, USA.
| | - David J Baylink
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Chien-Shing Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Mark E Reeves
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey Xiao
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Curtis Lacy
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Eric Lau
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Huynh Cao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
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Lamsen MRL, Wang T, D'Souza D, Dia V, Chen G, Zhong Q. Encapsulation of vitamin D 3 in gum arabic to enhance bioavailability and stability for beverage applications. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2368-2379. [PMID: 32691454 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of vitamin D3 (VD3 ) in foods should exhibit desirable physicochemical characteristics and improves absorption. In this study, gum arabic (GA) was investigated as a VD3 carrier to encapsulate VD3 . VD3 dissolved in 5 mL ethanol corresponding to 0.3 to 6.0% mass of GA, was blended in 5.0% w/v GA solution, followed by freeze drying. The encapsulation efficiency decreased while loading capacity increased with an increased amount of VD3 . At the highest VD3 level, the loading capacity (3.47%) was the highest, and the encapsulation efficiency (61.24%) was satisfactory, and the treatment was further studied. The magnitude of negative zeta-potential increased from 3.1 to 31.0 mV at pH 2.0 to 7.4. During the 100-day storage at 3 °C of capsules reconstituted at pH 2.0 to 7.4, the hydrodynamic diameter decreased at all pH conditions, most evident for reduction to 81.3 nm at pH 7.4, and no precipitation was observed, indicating the significance of steric repulsion on capsule stability. Bioaccessibility of VD3 in capsules (95.76%) was significantly higher than the nonencapsulated VD3 (68.98%). The in vivo pharmacokinetic study in Sprague-Dawley rats after a single-dose of 300 µg VD3 showed the area-under-curve of serum 25(OHD) level in 48 hr of the encapsulation treatment was 4.32-fold of the nonencapsulated VD3 and more than twice higher than the VD3 -GA physical mixture. During 2-week supplementation of 60 µg VD3 /d, rats receiving capsules or physical mixture had 25(OH)D levels of at least 81 ng/mL higher than that of the nonencapsulated VD3 group. The studied encapsulation system holds great potential as a value-added ingredient to supplement VD3 in beverages with a wide pH range. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The findings of this study demonstrated the improved dispersion stability and absorption of vitamin D3 after encapsulation in gum arabic. The capsules exhibited good dispersion stability across a pH range between 2.0 and 7.4, showing potential application in beverages. Furthermore, the enhanced absorption of VD3 after encapsulation highlights the nutritional benefits of the studied encapsulation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ross L Lamsen
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
| | - Tiannan Wang
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
| | - Doris D'Souza
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
| | - Vermont Dia
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
| | - Guoxun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
| | - Qixin Zhong
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
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Fallah M, Askari G, Asemi Z. Is Vitamin D Status Associated with Depression, Anxiety and Sleep Quality in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review. Adv Biomed Res 2020; 9:32. [PMID: 33072644 PMCID: PMC7532825 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_188_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Women's mental health is a significant health issue for pregnant women during and after pregnancy. Postpartum depression (PPD) is defined as the presence of depression in the 1st year after delivery. This study reviews the relationship between Vitamin D levels, anxiety and poor sleep quality related to pregnancy. Materials and Methods A systematic search was conducted on documents presented in PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases until March 2020. Three separate search paths were considered for three different disorders with particular keywords. All observational studies that investigate the relationship between Vitamin D levels and PPD, sleep disorders, and anxiety were selected for inclusion in the study. Results Search yielded 14 eligible studies. Quality of most included studies was medium to high. Nine studies reported that Vitamin D deficiency was directly associated to the incidence of PPD and sleep disorders. One study reported an indirect association, and three researches did not observe any association between Vitamin D status, sleep disorders and PPD. One study reported a direct association to anxiety but did not have any relation to PPD. Conclusions PPD and sleep quality during pregnancy associated to Vitamin D deficiency directly. Although studies have several limitations, the importance of sufficient Vitamin D status in pregnant women has been addressed in all studies, especially regarding the prevention of PPD, anxiety, and poor sleep quality during the pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Fallah
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Polzonetti V, Pucciarelli S, Vincenzetti S, Polidori P. Dietary Intake of Vitamin D from Dairy Products Reduces the Risk of Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061743. [PMID: 32532150 PMCID: PMC7353177 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D and calcium are important dietary compounds that affect bone mass, even if other minerals (potassium, zinc, etc.) and vitamins (A, C and K) are also involved. Vitamin D and certain minerals, in fact, play an important role in calcium homeostasis and calcium absorption. Hip fracture incidence is higher in Europe and the United States, where calcium is frequently included in the human diet; while the occurrence of these fractures is lower in developing countries, where diets are often poor in calcium. This condition is named the “calcium paradox”, and may be partially explained by phosphate toxicity, which can negatively affect mineral metabolism. It is important to maintain correct dietary calcium-phosphate balance in order to have a healthy life, reducing the risk of osteoporotic fractures in older people. Vitamin D can also act as a hormone; vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) is derived from the UV-B radiation of ergosterol, the natural vitamin D precursor detected in plants, fungi, and invertebrates. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is synthesized by sunlight exposure from 7-dehydrocholesterol, a precursor of cholesterol that can also act as provitamin D3. Dietary intake of vitamin D3 is essential when the skin is exposed for short periods to ultraviolet B light (UV-B), a category of invisible light rays such as UV-A and UV-C. This can be considered the usual situation in northern latitudes during the winter season, or the typical lifestyle for older people and/or for people with very white delicate skin. The actual recommended daily intake of dietary vitamin D is strictly correlated with age, ranging from 5 μg for infants, children, teenagers, and adults—including pregnant and lactating women—to 15 μg for people over 65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Polzonetti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (V.P.); (S.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Stefania Pucciarelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (V.P.); (S.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Silvia Vincenzetti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (V.P.); (S.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Paolo Polidori
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0737-403426
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Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on 25- Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051439. [PMID: 32429342 PMCID: PMC7284708 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a dietary pattern effective in terms of prevention of obesity-related diseases, and represents the gold standard in preventive medicine, due to the synergistic action of many nutrients with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, excess body weight significantly increases the risk of hypovitaminosis D, a well-recognized common feature of individuals with obesity. It is well-known that there is a clear gender difference in the adherence to the MD. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between adherence to the MD and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in adults, according to gender. Study population consisted of 617 participants; 296 were males and 321 were females, matched by age and body mass index (BMI). A validated 14-item questionnaire PREDIMED (Prevención con dieta Mediterránea) was used for the assessment of adherence to the MD. The 25OHD levels were determined by a direct competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Females have a higher PREDIMED score than males (7.4 ± 2.8 vs. 6.7 ± 3.1 score, p = 0.001), and according to PREDIMED categories, a greater percentage of males had low adherence to the MD compared to their female counterparts (40.2% vs. 37.1%; χ2 = 8.94, p = 0.003). The 25OHD levels were higher in males than in females (18.3 ± 7.3 vs. 16.8 ± 7.8 ng/mL, p = 0.01), and a higher percentage of males had sufficient 25OHD levels (>30 ng/mL) than their female counterparts (10.5% vs. 3.4%, χ2 = 10.96, p < 0.001). Stratifying the sample population according to 25OHD categories, BMI decreased and PREDIMED score increased significantly along with the increased 25OHD levels, in both males and females, respectively (p < 0.001). Looking at the bivariate correlations, PREDIMED score was positively correlated with 25OHD levels after adjusting for age and BMI, in both males (r = 0.21, p < 0.001) and females (r = 0.30, p < 0.001). At the bivariate proportional odds ratio (OR) model, 25OHD levels presented the highest OR values in the category low adherence vs. high adherence to the MD, in both genders (OR 1.21 and OR 1.31, in males and females, respectively). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the cut-off values of PREDIMED scores predictive of 25OHD levels: PREDIMED score >5 in males (p < 0.001) and >7 in females (p < 0.001) could serve as thresholds for 25OHD levels above the median. The results of our study highlighted a novel positive association between adherence to the MD and 25OHD levels in both genders. Although 25OHD levels were higher in males than females, 69.7% were deficient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that high adherence to the MD is associated with low BMI and high 25OHD levels in both genders, probably through the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects that are synergistically exerted by either MD or vitamin D on body weight.
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Mele C, Caputo M, Bisceglia A, Samà MT, Zavattaro M, Aimaretti G, Pagano L, Prodam F, Marzullo P. Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin D in Thyroid Diseases. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051444. [PMID: 32429416 PMCID: PMC7284826 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a secosteroid with a pleiotropic role in multiple physiological processes. Besides the well-known activity on bone homeostasis, recent studies suggested a peculiar role of vitamin D in different non-skeletal pathways, including a key role in the modulation of immune responses. Recent evidences demonstrated that vitamin D acts on innate and adaptative immunity and seems to exert an immunomodulating action on autoimmune diseases and cancers. Several studies demonstrated a relationship between vitamin D deficiency, autoimmune thyroid disorders, and thyroid cancer. This review aims to summarize the evidences on the immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D on thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mele
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (C.M.); (G.A.)
- Division of General Medicine, S. Giuseppe Hospital, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy
| | - Marina Caputo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.C.); (F.P.)
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.T.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Alessandro Bisceglia
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Maria Teresa Samà
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.T.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Marco Zavattaro
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.T.S.); (M.Z.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Gianluca Aimaretti
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (C.M.); (G.A.)
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.T.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Loredana Pagano
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Flavia Prodam
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.C.); (F.P.)
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.T.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Paolo Marzullo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (C.M.); (G.A.)
- Division of General Medicine, S. Giuseppe Hospital, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Verbania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-03-2351-4436
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Lopresti AL. Association between Micronutrients and Heart Rate Variability: A Review of Human Studies. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:559-575. [PMID: 31942924 PMCID: PMC7231600 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of the variation between consecutive heartbeats. It provides a marker of the interplay between the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems, and there is an increasing body of evidence confirming an increased HRV is associated with better mental and physical health. HRV may be a useful marker of stress as it represents the ability of the heart to respond to a variety of physiological and environmental stimuli. HRV tends to decrease as we age and is positively associated with physical activity, fitness, and healthier lifestyles. The relation between HRV and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) has also received some attention in the research literature. In this review, cross-sectional and interventional studies on human populations examining the relation between HRV and micronutrients are appraised. Micronutrients identified and examined in this review include vitamins D, B-12, C, and E; the minerals magnesium, iron, zinc, and coenzyme Q10; and a multivitamin-mineral formula. Due to the paucity of research and significant heterogeneity in studies, definitive conclusions about the effects of these micronutrients on HRV cannot be made at this time. However, there is accumulating evidence suggesting deficiencies in vitamins D and B-12 are associated with reduced HRV, and zinc supplementation during pregnancy can have positive effects on HRV in offspring up until the age of 5 y. To further elucidate the relation between micronutrients and HRV, additional robustly designed and adequately powered studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L Lopresti
- College of Science, Health, Engineering, and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia,Clinical Research Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia,Address correspondence to ALL (e-mail: )
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The relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration with clinical variables in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 38:229-235. [PMID: 32690163 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The relationship between vitamin D and oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration in patients with OD and to verify its association to nutritional status, functional independence measure (FIM), time of clinical signs (TCS) and OD severity. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with outpatients. Body mass index (BMI), FIM, TCS, causes of OD, comorbidities, penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) and severity scale were evaluated. METHODS A multiple linear regression and effect size were performed to evaluate the association between serum 25(OH)D concentration and independent variables. RESULTS Forty-eight participants were included, with a mean age of 60.1 ± 15.3 years. The mean of the 25(OH)D concentration was 26.10 ± 12.0 ng/mL. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (<30 ng/mL) was 73%. In the multiple linear regression analysis (adjusted for sex, age, BMI, dietary intake and solar radiation), 25(OH)D concentration was significantly related with the TCS (p = 0.01, f2 = 0.48). Patients with hypovitaminosis D had a moderate effect (p = 0.08, δ = 0.36) for a lower FIM score. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that serum 25(OH)D concentration may be related to the TCS and the functional capacity of patients with OD.
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Barrea L, Muscogiuri G, Pugliese G, Aprano S, de Alteriis G, Di Somma C, Colao A, Savastano S. The Sun's Vitamin in Adult Patients Affected by Prader-Willi Syndrome. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1132. [PMID: 32316673 PMCID: PMC7230761 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder characterized by hyperphagia with progressive, severe obesity, and an increased risk of obesity-related comorbidities in adult life. Although low dietary vitamin D intake and low 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) levels are commonly reported in PWS in the context of bone metabolism, the association of low 25OHD levels with fat mass has not been extensively evaluated in PWS adults. The aims of this study were to investigate the following in PWS adults: (1) 25OHD levels and the dietary vitamin D intake; (2) associations among 25OHD levels with anthropometric measurements and fat mass; (3) specific cut-off values for body mass index (BMI) and fat mass predictive of the 25OHD levels. In this cross-sectional, single-center study we enrolled 30 participants, 15 PWS adults (age 19-41 years and 40% males) and 15 control subjects matched by age, sex, and BMI from the same geographical area (latitude 40° 49' N; elevation 17 m). Fat mass was assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) phase-sensitive system. The 25OHD levels were determined by a direct competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Dietary vitamin D intake data was collected by three-day food records. The 25OHD levels in the PWS adults were constantly lower across all categories of BMI and fat mass compared with their obese counterpart. The 25OHD levels were negatively associated with BMI (p = 0.04), waist circumference (p = 0.03), fat mass (p = 0.04), and dietary vitamin D intake (p < 0.001). During multiple regression analysis, dietary vitamin D intake was entered at the first step (p < 0.001), thus explaining 84% of 25OHD level variability. The threshold values of BMI and fat mass predicting the lowest decrease in the 25OHD levels were found at BMI ≥ 42 kg/m2 (p = 0.01) and fat mass ≥ 42 Kg (p = 0.003). In conclusion, our data indicate that: (i) 25OHD levels and dietary vitamin D intake were lower in PWS adults than in the control, independent of body fat differences; (ii) 25OHD levels were inversely associated with BMI, waist circumference, and fat mass, but low dietary vitamin D intake was the major determinant of low vitamin D status in these patients; (iii) sample-specific cut-off values of BMI and fat mass might help to predict risks of the lowest 25OHD level decreases in PWS adults. The presence of trained nutritionists in the integrated care teams of PWS adults is strongly suggested in order to provide an accurate nutritional assessment and tailored vitamin D supplementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.P.); (S.A.); (G.d.A.); (C.D.S.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.P.); (S.A.); (G.d.A.); (C.D.S.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.P.); (S.A.); (G.d.A.); (C.D.S.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Aprano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.P.); (S.A.); (G.d.A.); (C.D.S.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia de Alteriis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.P.); (S.A.); (G.d.A.); (C.D.S.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Carolina Di Somma
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.P.); (S.A.); (G.d.A.); (C.D.S.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.P.); (S.A.); (G.d.A.); (C.D.S.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco “Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile”, University Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.P.); (S.A.); (G.d.A.); (C.D.S.); (A.C.); (S.S.)
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Bellan M, Andreoli L, Mele C, Sainaghi PP, Rigamonti C, Piantoni S, De Benedittis C, Aimaretti G, Pirisi M, Marzullo P. Pathophysiological Role and Therapeutic Implications of Vitamin D in Autoimmunity: Focus on Chronic Autoimmune Diseases. Nutrients 2020; 12:E789. [PMID: 32192175 PMCID: PMC7146294 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a pleiotropic secosteroid yielding multiple actions in human physiology. Besides the canonical regulatory activity on bone metabolism, several non-classical actions have been described and the ability of vitamin D to partake in the regulation of the immune system is particularly interesting, though far stronger and convincing evidence has been collected in in vitro as compared to in vivo studies. Whether vitamin D is able to regulate at physiological concentrations the human immune system remains unproven to date. Consequently, it is not established if vitamin D status is a factor involved in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases and if cholecalciferol supplementation acts as an adjuvant for autoimmune diseases. The development of autoimmunity is a heterogeneous process, which may involve different organs and systems with a wide range of clinical implications. In the present paper, we reviewed the current evidences regarding vitamin D role in the pathogenesis and management of different autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Bellan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.P.S.); (C.R.); (C.D.B.); (G.A.); (M.P.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
- CAAD, Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Laura Andreoli
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, 25128 Brescia, Italy; (L.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Chiara Mele
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.P.S.); (C.R.); (C.D.B.); (G.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Pier Paolo Sainaghi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.P.S.); (C.R.); (C.D.B.); (G.A.); (M.P.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
- CAAD, Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Cristina Rigamonti
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.P.S.); (C.R.); (C.D.B.); (G.A.); (M.P.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
- CAAD, Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Piantoni
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit and Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, 25128 Brescia, Italy; (L.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Carla De Benedittis
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.P.S.); (C.R.); (C.D.B.); (G.A.); (M.P.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
- CAAD, Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aimaretti
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.P.S.); (C.R.); (C.D.B.); (G.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Mario Pirisi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.P.S.); (C.R.); (C.D.B.); (G.A.); (M.P.)
- Division of Internal Medicine, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
- CAAD, Centre for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Marzullo
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.P.S.); (C.R.); (C.D.B.); (G.A.); (M.P.)
- Division of General Medicine, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28921 Verbania, Italy
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Ahmed OG, Sakhr HM, Ali HM, Abdlsamiee L. Effect of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and antioxidant capacity level on cognitive function parameters of children with idiopathic short stature. EGYPTIAN PEDIATRIC ASSOCIATION GAZETTE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43054-020-0020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
An optimal level of vitamin D is necessary for normal bone growth. Recently, vitamin D has been linked to many neurological disorders, changes in antioxidant capacity levels, and cognitive function decline in old age; thus, the aim was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D and antioxidant levels on the cognitive function parameters of children with idiopathic short stature (ISS).
Results
A prospective case-control study was conducted with 60 primary school-aged children with ISS who were compared to 60 unrelated healthy age- and sex-matched children as a control group. A complete clinical evaluation; anthropometric measurements; neurocognitive function parameters using the Stanford-Binet test, fifth edition; vitamin D level; total antioxidant capacity (TAC); total oxidative stress (TOS); and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured. A total of 83.3% of children with ISS had a vitamin D level < 30 ng/ml with significantly lower vitamin D levels than the control group. The TAC level was significantly lower in children with ISS than in healthy children. Children with ISS had an average level for all of the cognitive function parameters but a lower non-verbal IQ, full-scale IQ, fluid reasoning, knowledge, quantitative reasoning, and working memory than healthy controls. A positive correlation was found between vitamin D level and all anthropometric measurements, all IQ parameters, and TAC levels in the studied children. A positive correlation was found between TAC and all IQ parameters.
Conclusion
Vitamin D level and antioxidant capacity level have a major impact on cognitive function parameters in children with ISS.
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Nejm MB, Guimarães-Marques MJ, Oliveira LF, Damasceno L, Andersen ML, Tufik S, Fonseca F, Olszewer E, Leça R, de Almeida ACG, Scorza FA, Scorza CA. Assessment of vitamin D and inflammatory markers profile in cardiac tissue on Parkinson disease animal model. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:296-304. [PMID: 32124387 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular dysfunctions are common non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) that can result in reduced quality of life and even death. Research in animal models designed to characterize the pathological association between PD and cardiovascular abnormalities is still in its infancy. This study assessed the early impact of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic damage on cardiological features in the unilateral 6-OHDA rat model of PD. METHODS Male Wistar rats received unilateral intrastriatal injections of 6-OHDA and sham rats were injected with saline. Animals were studied 15 days later. Immunohistochemistry was used for visualization of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons in the nigrostriatal system. Electrocardiogram recordings of heart rate were performed in conscious rats. Heart levels of vitamin D, inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein were assessed through electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and turbidimetric method, respectively. RESULTS We found a post-injury reduction of TH-immunoreactivity of approximately 45% in the substantia nigra pars compacta and 20% in the striatum. Heart rate reduction was found in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats as compared with sham counterparts. Reduced levels of vitamin D and increased levels of inflammatory factors (C-reactive protein, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β) were detected in the heart tissue of PD rats in comparison with sham. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a link between cardiac tissue changes and cardiac functional changes early after the central dopaminergic damage induced by 6-OHDA. Knowledge of the cardiac abnormalities in the 6-OHDA model is critical in identifying future therapeutic targets and disease-modifying approaches for PD non-motor features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bocca Nejm
- Departamento de Neurologia/Neurociência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), Av. Pedro de Toledo, 699, 1º andar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Jonathas Guimarães-Marques
- Departamento de Neurologia/Neurociência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), Av. Pedro de Toledo, 699, 1º andar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Freitas Oliveira
- Departamento de Neurologia/Neurociência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), Av. Pedro de Toledo, 699, 1º andar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís Damasceno
- Departamento de Neurologia/Neurociência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), Av. Pedro de Toledo, 699, 1º andar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Monica L Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Fonseca
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas da, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Efrain Olszewer
- Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa e Estudo na Área de Saúde (FAPES), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Leça
- Departamento de Cirurgia II, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlo G de Almeida
- Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei (UFSJ), São João Del Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Fulvio Alexandre Scorza
- Departamento de Neurologia/Neurociência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), Av. Pedro de Toledo, 699, 1º andar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Alessandra Scorza
- Departamento de Neurologia/Neurociência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), Av. Pedro de Toledo, 699, 1º andar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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De Pergola G, Martino T, Zupo R, Caccavo D, Pecorella C, Paradiso S, Silvestris F, Triggiani V. 25 Hydroxyvitamin D Levels are Negatively and Independently Associated with Fat Mass in a Cohort of Healthy Overweight and Obese Subjects. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 19:838-844. [PMID: 30666920 PMCID: PMC7360908 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190122094039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with lower serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels through several mechanisms. The aim of the study was to examine the possibility of a negative association between fat mass and 25(OH)D levels in a cohort of otherwise healthy overweight and obese subjects, independently of age, sex, blood pressure levels and anthropometric and metabolic parameters Materials and Methods 147 overweight and obese subjects (106 women and 41 men), aged between 18 and 69 years, were enrolled into the study. All of them did not show any clinically evident metabolic or chronic diseases (i.e. hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal failure, etc.) and did not use any kind of drug. Serum fasting levels of 25(OH)D, insulin, glucose, uric acid and lipids (triglycerides, total, HDL and LDL cholesterol) were measured. The season in which the blood samples were collected was autumn. Insulin resistance was assessed by using the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR). Body composition parameters (Fat Mass [FM], Fat Free Mass [FFM], body cell mass [BCM], Total Body Water [TBW]) were measured by electrical Bioimpedance Analysis (BIA). Lastly, demographic, anthropometric and clinical parameters (age, Body Mass Index [BMI], Waist Circumference [WC], Systolic (SBP) and Diastolic (DBP) blood pressure) were also assessed. Results 25(OH)D levels were significantly and negatively correlated with BMI (P <0.001), WC (P <0.01), DBP (P <0.05), insulin (P <0.001), HOMA-IR (P <0.01), triglycerides (P <0.01), and fat mass (P <0.001). A multivariate regression analysis was performed by considering 25(OH)D levels as the dependent variable and sex, waist circumference, fat mass, DBP, triglycerides, and insulin (or HOMA-IR) as the independent ones, and 25(OH)D levels maintained a significant and independent relationship only with fat mass (negative) (P <0.01). Conclusion This study clearly shows that 25(OH)D circulating levels are progressively lower with the increase of fat mass, independently of sex, body fat distribution, blood pressure and insulin and metabolic parameters. These data strongly show that adipose tissue accumulation per se is absolutely the main factor responsible factor for lower 25(OH)D levels in obese subjects, possibly through sequestration of fat soluble 25(OH)D in fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni De Pergola
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso Martino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Caccavo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Claudio Pecorella
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Paradiso
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Triggiani
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 70124 Bari, Italy
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66
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Alzghoul L. Role of Vitamin D in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4357-4367. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191122092215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder with heterogeneous etiology.
Vitamin D can function as a fat-soluble vitamin as well as a hormone, and can exert its effect through both genomic
and non-genomic mechanisms. In the last decades, several studies have examined the relationship between
vitamin D levels and ASD. These studies demonstrated that low vitamin D status in early development has been
hypothesized as an environmental risk factor for ASD. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that
vitamin D deficiency in early life can alter brain development, dysregulates neurotransmitter balance in the brain,
decreases body and brain antioxidant ability, and alters the immune system in ways that resemble pathological
features commonly seen in ASD. In this review, we focused on the association between vitamin D and ASD. In
addition, the above-mentioned mechanisms of action that link vitamin D deficiency with ASD were also discussed.
Finally, clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation treatment of ASD have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loai Alzghoul
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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67
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Larsson SC, Roos PM. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: mendelian randomization study. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 87:140.e1-140.e3. [PMID: 31785838 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a mendelian randomization study to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25OHD) concentrations and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Summary-level data for genetic predictors of S-25OHD concentrations were acquired from 2 genome-wide association studies, comprising up to 79,366 individuals. The corresponding data for ALS were collected from 12,577 ALS cases and 23,475 controls. None of 7 single-nucleotide polymorphisms predicting S-25OHD concentrations was associated with ALS, and there was no overall association of genetic predisposition to higher S-25OHD concentrations with ALS. The odds ratio of ALS per genetically predicted one standard deviation increase of S-25OHD concentrations was 0.96 (95% confidence interval: 0.86-1.08; p = 0.52). We conclude that increasing S-25OHD concentrations will unlikely reduce ALS incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Per M Roos
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, St.Goran Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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68
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Zengarini E, Giacconi R, Mancinelli L, Riccardi GR, Castellani D, Vetrano DL, Onder G, Volpato S, Ruggiero C, Fabbietti P, Cherubini A, Guarasci F, Corsonello A, Lattanzio F. Prognosis and Interplay of Cognitive Impairment and Sarcopenia in Older Adults Discharged from Acute Care Hospitals. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101693. [PMID: 31619001 PMCID: PMC6832971 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment are associated with an increased risk of negative outcomes, but their prognostic interplay has not been investigated so far. We aimed to investigate the prognostic interaction of sarcopenia and cognitive impairment concerning 12-month mortality among older patients discharged from acute care wards in Italy. Our series consisted of 624 patients (age = 80.1 ± 7.0 years, 56.1% women) enrolled in a prospective observational study. Sarcopenia was defined following the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criteria. Cognitive impairment was defined as age- and education-adjusted Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score < 24 or recorded diagnosis of dementia. The study outcome was all-cause mortality during 12-month follow-up. The combination of sarcopenia and cognitive ability was tested against participants with intact cognitive ability and without sarcopenia. Overall, 159 patients (25.5%) were identified as having sarcopenia, and 323 (51.8%) were cognitively impaired. During the follow-up, 79 patients (12.7%) died. After adjusting for potential confounders, the combination of sarcopenia and cognitive impairment has been found associated with increased mortality (HR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.05-4.13). Such association was also confirmed after excluding patients with dementia (HR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.06-4.17), underweight (HR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.03-3.91), high comorbidity burden (HR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.09-6.32), and severe disability (HR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.10-5.73). The co-occurrence of sarcopenia and cognitive impairment may predict 1-year mortality in older patients discharged from acute care hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Zengarini
- Geriatric Medicine and Geriatric Emergency Care, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60127 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Robertina Giacconi
- Translational Research Center of Nutrition and Ageing, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy.
| | | | | | | | - Davide Liborio Vetrano
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 11330 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Cardiovascular, Metabolic and Aging Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Graziano Onder
- Department of Cardiovascular, Metabolic and Aging Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Volpato
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Internal and Cardiorespiratory Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Carmelinda Ruggiero
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Fabbietti
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatric Medicine and Geriatric Emergency Care, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), 60127 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesco Guarasci
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Andrea Corsonello
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Fabrizia Lattanzio
- Italian National Research Center on Aging, Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy
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Vitamin D as a Biomarker of Ill Health among the Over-50s: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102384. [PMID: 31590434 PMCID: PMC6836048 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between circulating levels of vitamin D and the incidence of chronic diseases is known. The identification of vitamin D as a biomarker of physiological/pathological ageing could contribute to expanding current knowledge of its involvement in healthy ageing. Methods: According to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted on cohorts studying the role of 25OH-Vitamin D [25(OH)D] and 1,25(OH)2-Vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] concentrations as biomarkers of healthy ageing. We consulted MedLine, Scopus, and Web of Science to search for studies on the association between vitamin D status in populations of originally healthy adults, and outcomes of longevity, illness, and physical and cognitive functionality. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa scale. Results: Twenty cohorts from 24 articles were selected for this review. Inverse associations were found between low 25(OH)D levels and all-cause mortality, respiratory and cardiovascular events, as well as markers relating to hip and non-vertebral fractures. Associations between 1,25(OH)2D and healthy ageing outcomes gave similar results, although of lower clinical significance. Conclusions: This systematic review pinpoints peculiar aspects of vitamin D as a multidimensional predictor of ill health in the ageing process. Further well-designed controlled trials to investigate whether vitamin D supplement results in superior outcomes are warranted in the future.
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Muscogiuri G, Barrea L, Altieri B, Di Somma C, Bhattoa HP, Laudisio D, Duval GT, Pugliese G, Annweiler C, Orio F, Fakhouri H, Savastano S, Colao A. Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation. Myths and Realities with Regard to Cardiovascular Risk. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2019; 17:610-617. [DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666190408165805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D and calcium are considered crucial for the treatment of bone diseases. Both vitamin
D and calcium contribute to bone homeostasis but also preserve muscle health by reducing the risk
of falls and fractures. Low vitamin D concentrations result in secondary hyperparathyroidism and contribute
to bone loss, although the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism varies, even in patients
with severe vitamin D deficiency. Findings from observational studies have shown controversial
results regarding the association between bone mineral density and vitamin D/calcium status, thus
sparking a debate regarding optimum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium for the best
possible skeletal health. Although most of the intervention studies reported a positive effect of supplementation
with calcium and vitamin D on bone in patients with osteoporosis, this therapeutic approach
has been a matter of debate regarding potential side effects on the cardiovascular (CV) system. Thus, the
aim of this review is to consider the current evidence on the physiological role of vitamin D and calcium
on bone and muscle health. Moreover, we provide an overview on observational and interventional studies
that investigate the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on bone health, also taking into
account the possible CV side-effects. We also provide molecular insights on the effect of calcium plus
vitamin D on the CV system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Endocrinology Unit, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Endocrinology Unit, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Endocrinology Unit, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Harjit pal Bhattoa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Daniela Laudisio
- Endocrinology Unit, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Guillaume T. Duval
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Memory Center, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity (CeRAL), Angers University Hospital, Angers, France, School of Medicine and UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Endocrinology Unit, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Memory Center, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity (CeRAL), Angers University Hospital, Angers, France, School of Medicine and UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Francesco Orio
- Department of Sports Science and Wellness, "Parthenope" University Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Hana Fakhouri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Al Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Endocrinology Unit, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Endocrinology Unit, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Alrefaie Z, Moustafa I. Vitamin D3 favorable outcome on recognition memory and prefrontal cortex expression of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in experimental model of chronic high-fat feeding. Int J Neurosci 2019; 130:262-269. [PMID: 31544572 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1671839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim of the study: High-fat diet (HFD) consumption and insufficient vitamin D levels are globally increasing phenomena. The present study assessed the effect of chronic HFD feeding with and without vitamin D supplementation on recognition memory and prefrontal cortex expression of choline acetyltransferase (CAT) and acetylcholinesterase (Achase).Materials and methods: Forty male Wistar rats were subjected to four dietary regimens (n = 10); control diet (10% fat), control + vitamin D3, high-fat diet (HFD 45% fat) and HFD + vitamin D3 for 6 months. Rats were tested for the novel object recognition test, and their prefrontal cortices were assessed for expression of CAT and Achase.Results: Recognition memory was impaired in HFD-fed rats compared to control rats as evidenced by significantly decreased discrimination index in the novel object recognition test. Moreover, CAT expression was significantly decreased while Achase expression was significantly increased in the prefrontal cortex of HFD-fed rats. Vitamin D3 supplementation with HFD significantly increased the exploration of the novel object and the discrimination index and attenuated the alterations in the prefrontal cortex CAT and Achase expression.Conclusions: The present findings support the potential effect of vitamin D on recognition memory and cholinergic transmission in the prefrontal cortex and add to the pathophysiology of HFD consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zienab Alrefaie
- Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Barrea L, Muscogiuri G, Laudisio D, Di Somma C, Salzano C, Pugliese G, de Alteriis G, Colao A, Savastano S. Phase Angle: A Possible Biomarker to Quantify Inflammation in Subjects with Obesity and 25(OH)D Deficiency. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081747. [PMID: 31362440 PMCID: PMC6723101 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated to chronic low-grade metabolic inflammation and hypovitaminosis D. Among extra-skeletal effects, an important role in inflammation has been described for vitamin D (25(OH)D). Phase angle (PhA) is a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) parameter that represents an indicator of cellular health in chronic inflammatory states. However, it is still unknown whether a low 25(OH)D levels might correlate with PhA in obesity. Considering the lack of evidence correlating the 25(OH)D levels with PhA in obesity, the aim of this study was to investigate their possible relationship in a group of patients with obesity stratified according to body mass index (BMI) categories. Four hundred and fifty-five adult subjects (219 males and 236 females; 36 ± 11 years) were enrolled. Body composition, including PhA, was assessed using a BIA phase-sensitive system. Serum levels of 25(OH)D was determined by a direct competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Most of the participants were affected by grade III obesity (24%) and had 25(OH)D deficiency (67%). Subjects with 25(OH)D deficiency had highest BMI (p < 0.001). Stratifying the sample population according to the BMI classes, 25(OH)D levels decreased significantly along with the increase in BMI (p < 0.001), with the lowest 25(OH)D levels in the class III obesity. In addition, stratifying the sample population according to 25(OH)D categories, BMI and fat mass (FM) decreased, while PhA increased significantly along with the 25(OH)D categories (p < 0.001). The 25(OH)D levels showed significant positive associations with PhA (r = -0.59, p < 0.001), and this association remained significant also after adjusting for BMI and FM (r = 0.60, p < 0.001). The lowest values of PhA were significantly associated with the severity of obesity (OR 0.3, p < 0.001) and of 25(OH)D deficiency (OR 0.2, p < 0.001). To compare the relative predictive power of body composition parameters associated with the 25(OH)D levels, we performed a multiple linear regression analysis. The most sensitive and specific cut-off for 25(OH)D levels to predict the PhA above the median was >14 ng/mL (p < 0.001). In conclusion, we provided preliminary insights into a novel link between 25(OH)D levels and PhA in the setting of obesity. This association uncovered a new potential usefulness of PhA as expression of cell membrane integrity and predictor of inflammation in low 25(OH)D status that might help in identifying high-risk patients with obesity who could benefit from careful 25(OH)D supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Laudisio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Ciro Salzano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia de Alteriis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Although first discovered in 1931, vitamin D has seen an increased interest in the scientific community over the past decades, including the dermatology field. Vitamin D promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption; however, the actions of vitamin D are not confined to bone. Indeed, there is now overwhelming and compelling scientific data that vitamin D plays a crucial role in a plethora of cellular function and in extra-skeletal health. Except for fatty fish livers, very few foods naturally contain vitamin D; and the major source of vitamin D comes from skin exposure to sunlight via ultraviolet B. Keratinocytes are unique in the body as not only do they provide the primary source of vitamin D for the body, but they also possess both the enzymatic machinery to metabolize the vitamin D produced to active metabolites. This has been referred to as the photoendocrine vitamin D system. Vitamin D regulates keratinocytes proliferation and differentiation; and plays a role in the defense against opportunistic infections. Multiple factors are linked to vitamin D status; and a growing number of dermatologic diseases has been linked to vitamin D status such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, vitiligo, and cutaneous cancers. In this article, we reviewed the potential determinants of vitamin D status, as its implications in dermatologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bergqvist
- Department of Dermatology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Khaled Ezzedine
- Department of Dermatology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France - .,EA 7379 EpidermE, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
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Vitamin D supplementation has no effects on progression of motor dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 74:167-175. [PMID: 31197218 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of cholecalciferol supplementation on the progression of motor disability in a cohort of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with low blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D] levels, on the basis of the hypothesis of potential neuroprotective effects of vitamin D supplementation. METHODS Forty-eight ALS patients, 34 with deficient (<20 ng/mL) and 14 with insufficient (20-29 ng/mL) serum levels of 25(OH)D, were randomized and treated by 3 different doses of cholecalciferol [50.000, 75.000 and 100.000 international units (IU) /month] and evaluated after 6-months. Assessment of motor dysfunction at baseline and after 6 months included ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALFRS-R) and upper motor neuron (UMN) scores and blood samples for 25(OH)D levels. RESULTS Clinical data of 33 patients were available after 6 months. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), with pre-treatment measurements included as covariate, did not show statistically significant differences in the ALSFRS-R (p > 0.05) and UMN (p > 0.05) among the patient groups who underwent 3 different doses of cholecalciferol. Conversely, the treatment with 75.000 IU/month or 100.000 IU/month induced a significant increase in serum levels of 25(OH)D in comparison with the supplementation with 50.000 IU/month; no significant differences were found between 75.000 IU/month and 100.000 IU/month. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlighted that 6-month supplementation of vitamin D in ALS patients had no significant effects on motor dysfunction. However, it is recommended to prevent medical complications of vitamin D deficiency in ALS patients as well as in other populations of neurodegenerative patients, characterized by low mobility and decreased sun exposure.
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75
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Liu TT, Cheong LZ, Man QQ, Zheng X, Zhang J, Song S. Simultaneous profiling of vitamin D metabolites in serum by supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SFC-MS/MS). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1120:16-23. [PMID: 31060022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous profiling of serum vitamin D (VD) metabolites with similar structures is a big challenge. Thus, we developed and validated a SFC-MS/MS method, which is capable of eluting hydrophobic molecules, for quantification of VD2/VD3, 25-OH VD2/VD3, 3-epi-25-OH VD2/VD3, 1,25-(OH)2 VD2/VD3 and 24,25-(OH)2 VD2/VD3. VD metabolites were extracted from human serum using acetonitrile solvent. Column stationary phase, elution gradients, flow rate, column temperature, ion-source type and buffer system in post-column make-up solvent were optimized. Baseline separation of 10 VD metabolites can be achieved using PFP column within 10 min; and detection performed under positive electrospray ionization mode allowed quantification of VD metabolites in serum matrix with a limit of quantification (LOQ) varrying from 0.071 to 0.704 ng/mL. The accuracy was controlled with relative bias lower than 5.5% for QC and NIST samples. The developed method showed excellent intra-assay (0.52-7.93% RSD) and inter-assay (1.35-9.04% RSD) precision. The methodology shows enhanced efficiency and sensitivity as compared to LC-MS/MS method using the same column and mass spectrometer, along with significant correlation and low mean difference bias on measurements. For analysis of trace 1,25-(OH)2 VD2 and 1,25-(OH)2 VD3 in normal human serum or plasma, further improvement of LOQ (like derivatization) should be considered. In conclusion, the use of supercritical fluid not only enhanced safety with reduced solvent cost, but also improved retention and sensitivity as compared to LC-MS/MS method. The developed SFC-MS/MS method is appropriate for high throughput analysis of multiple VD metabolites in human serum with reduced solvent and economic cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Liu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Cheong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qing-Qing Man
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Beijing Analysis Center, Shimadzu International Trade (China) Co., Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuang Song
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
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Tziraki-Segal C, De Luca V, Santana S, Romano R, Tramontano G, Scattola P, Celata C, Gelmi G, Ponce Márquez S, Lopez-Samaniego L, Zavagli V, Halkoaho A, Grimes C, Tomás MT, Fernandes B, Calzà L, Speranza P, Coppola L, Jager-Wittenaar H, O'Caoimh R, Pietilä AM, Carriazo AM, Apostolo J, Iaccarino G, Liotta G, Tramontano D, Molloy W, Triassi M, Viggiani V, Illario M. Creating a Culture of Health in Planning and Implementing Innovative Strategies Addressing Non-communicable Chronic Diseases. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2019; 4:9. [PMID: 33869336 PMCID: PMC8022497 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2019.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing demographic changes are challenging health systems worldwide especially in relation to increasing longevity and the resultant rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). To meet these challenges, a paradigm shift to a more proactive approach to health promotion, and maintenance is needed. This new paradigm focuses on creating and implementing an ecological model of Culture of Health. The conceptualization of the Culture of Health is defined as one where good health and well-being flourish across geographic, demographic, and social sectors; fostering healthy equitable communities where citizens have the opportunity to make choices and be co-producers of healthy lifestyles. Based on Antonovsky's Salutogenesis model which asserts that the experience of health moves along a continuum across the lifespan, we will identify the key drivers for achieving a Culture of Health. These include mindset/expectations, sense of community, and civic engagement. The present article discusses these drivers and identifies areas where policy and research actions are needed to advance positive change on population health and well-being. We highlight empirical evidence of drivers within the EU guided by the activities within the thematic Action Groups of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Aging (EIP on AHA), focusing on Lifespan Health Promotion and Prevention of Age-Related Frailty and Disease (A3 Action Group). We will specifically focus on the effect of Culture on Health, highlighting cross-cutting drivers across domains such as innovations at the individual and community level, and in synergies with business, policy, and research entities. We will present examples of drivers for creating a Culture of Health, the barriers, the remaining gaps, and areas of future research to achieve an inclusive and sustainable asset-based community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chariklia Tziraki-Segal
- Israel Gerontological Data Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- MELABEV- Community Clubs for Elders, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vincenzo De Luca
- Research and Development Unit, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvina Santana
- Department of Economics, Management, Industrial Engineering and Tourism, Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Romano
- Research and Development Unit, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tramontano
- Research and Development Unit, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Scattola
- Health Protection Agency of the Metropolitan City of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Corrado Celata
- Health Promotion, Screening and Prevention Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Giusi Gelmi
- Health Protection Agency of the Metropolitan City of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Ponce Márquez
- International Research Projects Office (IRPO), Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luz Lopez-Samaniego
- Progress and Health Foundation, Regional Ministry of Health of Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Arja Halkoaho
- School of Health Care and Social Services Education and R&D, Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Corrina Grimes
- Public Health Agency of Northern Ireland, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Teresa Tomás
- Health and Technology Research Center, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Fernandes
- Health and Technology Research Center, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Laura Calzà
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Speranza
- General Affairs Unit, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Liliana Coppola
- Health Promotion, Screening and Prevention Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Harriët Jager-Wittenaar
- Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rónán O'Caoimh
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Anna-Maija Pietilä
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Joao Apostolo
- The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Liotta
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Tramontano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - William Molloy
- Clinical Gerontology and Rehabilitation Centre, Gerontology and Rehabilitation School of Medicine, University College of Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Maddalena Illario
- Health Innovation Division, General Directorate for Health, Naples, Italy
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Tuckey RC, Cheng CYS, Slominski AT. The serum vitamin D metabolome: What we know and what is still to discover. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 186:4-21. [PMID: 30205156 PMCID: PMC6342654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D, referring to the two forms, D2 from the diet and D3 primarily derived from phototransformation in the skin, is a prohormone important in human health. The most hormonally active form, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1α,25(OH)2D), formed from vitamin D via 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), is not only important for regulating calcium metabolism, but has many pleiotropic effects including regulation of the immune system and has anti-cancer properties. The major circulating form of vitamin D is 25(OH)D and both D2 and D3 forms are routinely measured by LC/MS/MS to assess vitamin D status, due to their relatively long half-lives and much higher concentrations compared to 1α,25(OH)2D. Inactivation of both 25(OH)D and 1α,25(OH)2D is catalyzed by CYP24A1 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 3-epimerase. Initial products from these enzymes acting on 25(OH)D3 are 24R,25(OH)2D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3, respectively, and both of these can also be measured routinely in some clinical laboratories to further document vitamin D status. With advances in LC/MS/MS and its increased availability, and with the help of studies with recombinant vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes, many other vitamin D metabolites have now been detected and in some cases quantitated, in human serum. CYP11A1 which catalyzes the first step in steroidogenesis, has been found to also act on vitamins D3 and D2 hydroxylating both at C20, but with some secondary metabolites produced by subsequent hydroxylations at other positions on the side chain. The major vitamin D3 metabolite, 20S-hydroxyvitamin D3 (20S(OH)D3), shows biological activity, often similar to 1α,25(OH)2D3 but without calcemic effects. Using standards produced enzymatically by purified CYP11A1 and characterized by NMR, many of these new metabolites have been detected in human serum, with semi-quantitative measurement of 20S(OH)D3 indicating it is present at comparable concentrations to 24R,25(OH)2D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3. Recently, vitamin D-related hydroxylumisterols derived from lumisterol3, a previtamin D3 photoproduct, have also been measured in human serum and displayed biological activity in initial in vitro studies. With the current extensive knowledge on the reactions and pathways of metabolism of vitamin D, especially those catalyzed by CYP24A1, CYP27A1, CYP27B1, CYP3A4 and CYP11A1, it is likely that many other of the resulting hydroxyvitamin D metabolites will be measured in human serum in the future, some contributing to a more detailed understanding of vitamin D status in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Chloe Y S Cheng
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA; VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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De Luca V, Tramontano G, Del Giudice C, Grimaldi I, Romano R, Liguori I, Carpinelli Mazzi M, Di Carluccio N, Riccio PA, Speranza P, Iavarone A, Abete P, Postiglione A, Cataldi M, Vallone C, Giallauria F, Cittadini A, Triggiani M, Savastano S, Menditto E, Leonardini L, Colao A, Triassi M, Iaccarino G, Postiglione A, Coscioni E, Illario M. Innovative Approaches to Active and Healthy Ageing: Campania Experience to Improve the Adoption of Innovative Good Practices. Transl Med UniSa 2019; 19:116-123. [PMID: 31360676 PMCID: PMC6581492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The demographic projections on the European population predict that people aged over 60 will increase by about two million/year in the next decades. Since 2012, the Campania Reference Site of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing supports the innovation of the Regional Health System, to face up demographic changes and sustainability. Campania Reference Site provides the opportunity to connect loco-regional stakeholders in social and health care services (universities, healthcare providers, social services, local communities and municipalities), with international organizations, in order to adopt and scale up innovative solutions and approaches. This paper describes the building process of Campania Reference Site and the main results achieved, that have been allowing it to become a hub for open innovation in the field of active and healthy aging at regional, national and international level.
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Affiliation(s)
- V De Luca
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy,
| | - G Tramontano
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - C Del Giudice
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - I Grimaldi
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - R Romano
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - I Liguori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Carpinelli Mazzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - PA Riccio
- Associazione Progetto Alfa Onlus, Marigliano NA, Italy
| | - P Speranza
- Unità Operativa Complessa Gestione Affari Generali, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Iavarone
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Specialistica Dei Colli - Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO, Naples, Italy
| | - P Abete
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Postiglione
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - C Vallone
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - F Giallauria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Cittadini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Triggiani
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia ed Odontoiatria, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - S Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - E Menditto
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - L Leonardini
- Progetto Mattone Internazionale Salute, Ministero della Salute, Rome, Italy
| | - A Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Triassi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Iaccarino
- Dipartimento di Scienze biomediche avanzate, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Postiglione
- Direzione Generale per la Tutela della Salute e il Coordinamento del Sistema Sanitario Regionale (DG04), Regione Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - E Coscioni
- Struttura Dipartimentale di Chirurgia dell’Aorta Ascendente e Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - M Illario
- Unità Operativa Semplice Ricerca e Sviluppo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Consorzio Farmacie Servizi (COFASER), Sarno SA, Italy,Associazione Progetto Alfa Onlus, Marigliano NA, Italy,Unità Operativa Complessa Gestione Affari Generali, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Federico II, Naples, Italy,Unità Operativa Complessa di Neurologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Specialistica Dei Colli - Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia ed Odontoiatria, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy,Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Progetto Mattone Internazionale Salute, Ministero della Salute, Rome, Italy,Dipartimento di Scienze biomediche avanzate, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy,Direzione Generale per la Tutela della Salute e il Coordinamento del Sistema Sanitario Regionale (DG04), Regione Campania, Naples, Italy,Struttura Dipartimentale di Chirurgia dell’Aorta Ascendente e Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona, Salerno, Italy,Unità Operativa Dipartimentale Promozione e potenziamento di programmi Health Innovation (DG04), Regione Campania, Naples, Italy
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79
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Ruszkiewicz JA, Miranda-Vizuete A, Tinkov AA, Skalnaya MG, Skalny AV, Tsatsakis A, Aschner M. Sex-Specific Differences in Redox Homeostasis in Brain Norm and Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 67:312-342. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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80
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Recent advances in sample preparation and analysis methods for vitamin D and its analogues in different matrices. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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81
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Zhu DM, Zhao W, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zhang C, Wang Y, Zhu J, Yu Y. The Relationship Between Serum Concentration of Vitamin D, Total Intracranial Volume, and Severity of Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:322. [PMID: 31143135 PMCID: PMC6520644 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression has been linked to vitamin D deficiency. However, little attention was paid to the neural substrate underlying this association. Methods: Fifty patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) were enrolled in this study. High-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed to calculate total intracranial volume (TIV). Peripheral venous blood samples were collected to measure serum vitamin D concentration. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) was used to assess severity of depression symptoms. The relationship among TIV, serum vitamin D concentration, and HAMD score was examined using correlation, linear regression, and mediation analyses. Results: In patients with MDD, HAMD score was negatively correlated with TIV and serum vitamin D concentration, and TIV was positively correlated with serum vitamin D concentration. Linear regression analyses showed that TIV and serum vitamin D concentration were significant predictors of HAMD score. Importantly, mediation analysis revealed that TIV significantly mediated the relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and HAMD score. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that TIV may serve as a potential neural biomarker for monitoring responses to adjuvant therapy of vitamin D in patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Min Zhu
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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82
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Bellan M, Marzullo P. New Insights on Low Vitamin D Plasma Concentration as a Potential Cardiovascular Risk Factor. Open Rheumatol J 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1874312901812010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of Vitamin D hormone in human health and disease is still debated. Recently, growing attention has been paid to its putative role in cardiovascular system homeostasis with several studies that suggested a correlation between low vitamin D levels and increased cardiovascular risk. Several mechanisms are involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases: systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, arterial hypertension and insulin resistance. In the present paper, we have revised the current literature supporting a role for vitamin D in the development of these pathogenetic processes. Finally, we have evaluated the current evidence linking vitamin D to atherosclerosis and its natural consequence, cardiovascular diseases.
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83
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Owusu JE, Islam S, Katumuluwa SS, Stolberg AR, Usera GL, Anwarullah AA, Shieh A, Dhaliwal R, Ragolia L, Mikhail MB, Aloia JF. Cognition and Vitamin D in Older African-American Women- Physical performance and Osteoporosis prevention with vitamin D in older African Americans Trial and Dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 2018; 67:81-86. [PMID: 30359476 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels recommended by Endocrine Society guidelines (>30 ng/mL) on cognition in healthy older African-American women over 3 years. DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING Bone Mineral Research Center at New York University Winthrop Hospital. PARTICIPANTS Healthy postmenopausal African American women aged 65 and older (N=260; mean age 68.2 ± 4.9; 46% college education or higher). INTERVENTION Half of the women were randomized to receive vitamin D (adjusted to achieve a serum level > 30 ng/mL) with calcium (diet and supplement total of 1,200 mg), and half were randomized to receive placebo with calcium (1,200 mg). MEASUREMENTS Cognitive assessments every 6 months using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to detect cognitive decline. Mean MMSE scores were calculated over time for both groups. Those with MMSE scores less than 21 at baseline were excluded. RESULTS The average dose of vitamin D3 was 3,490 ± 1,465 IU per day, and average serum 25(OH)D at 3 years was 46.8 ± 1.2 ng/mL in the active group and 20.7 ± 1.1 ng/mL in the placebo group. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was maintained at greater than 30 ng/mL in 90% of the active group. Over the 3-year period, MMSE scores increased in both groups (p < .001), although change over time was not significantly different between the groups. No adverse events associated with vitamin D were observed. CONCLUSION There was no difference in cognition over time between older African-American women with serum concentrations of 25(OH)D of 30 ng/mL and greater than those taking placebo. There is no evidence to support vitamin D intake greater than the recommended daily allowance in this population for preventing cognitive decline. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:81-86, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette E Owusu
- Bone Mineral Research Center, New York University Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York
| | - Shahidul Islam
- Bone Mineral Research Center, New York University Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York
| | | | - Alexandra R Stolberg
- Bone Mineral Research Center, New York University Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York
| | | | | | - Albert Shieh
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ruban Dhaliwal
- State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Louis Ragolia
- Bone Mineral Research Center, New York University Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York
| | - Mageda B Mikhail
- Bone Mineral Research Center, New York University Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York
| | - John F Aloia
- Bone Mineral Research Center, New York University Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York
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84
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Slominski AT, Kim TK, Janjetovic Z, Brożyna AA, Żmijewski MA, Xu H, Sutter TR, Tuckey RC, Jetten AM, Crossman DK. Differential and Overlapping Effects of 20,23(OH)₂D3 and 1,25(OH)₂D3 on Gene Expression in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes: Identification of AhR as an Alternative Receptor for 20,23(OH)₂D3. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103072. [PMID: 30297679 PMCID: PMC6213311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel pathway of vitamin D activation by CYP11A has previously been elucidated. To define the mechanism of action of its major dihydroxy-products, we tested the divergence and overlap between the gene expression profiles of human epidermal keratinocytes treated with either CYP11A1-derived 20,23(OH)2D3 or classical 1,25(OH)2D3. Both secosteroids have significant chemical similarity with the only differences being the positions of the hydroxyl groups. mRNA was isolated and examined by microarray analysis using Illumina’s HumanWG-6 chip/arrays and subsequent bioinformatics analyses. Marked differences in the up- and downregulated genes were observed between 1,25(OH)2D3- and 20,23(OH)2D3-treated cells. Hierarchical clustering identified both distinct, opposite and common (overlapping) gene expression patterns. CYP24A1 was a common gene strongly activated by both compounds, a finding confirmed by qPCR. Ingenuity pathway analysis identified VDR/RXR signaling as the top canonical pathway induced by 1,25(OH)2D3. In contrast, the top canonical pathway induced by 20,23(OH)2D3 was AhR, with VDR/RXR being the second nuclear receptor signaling pathway identified. QPCR analyses validated the former finding by revealing that 20,23(OH)2D3 stimulated CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expression, effects located downstream of AhR. Similar stimulation was observed with 20(OH)D3, the precursor to 20,23(OH)2D3, as well as with its downstream metabolite, 17,20,23(OH)3D3. Using a Human AhR Reporter Assay System we showed marked activation of AhR activity by 20,23(OH)2D3, with weaker stimulation by 20(OH)D3. Finally, molecular modeling using an AhR LBD model predicted vitamin D3 hydroxyderivatives to be good ligands for this receptor. Thus, our microarray, qPCR, functional studies and molecular modeling indicate that AhR is the major receptor target for 20,23(OH)2D3, opening an exciting area of investigation on the interaction of different vitamin D3-hydroxyderivatives with AhR and the subsequent downstream activation of signal transduction pathways in a cell-type-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
- Veteran Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Tae-Kang Kim
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Zorica Janjetovic
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Anna A Brożyna
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Centre-Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Michal A Żmijewski
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Thomas R Sutter
- Feinstone Center for Genomic Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
| | - Robert C Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
| | - Anton M Jetten
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory/Cell Biology Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - David K Crossman
- Howell and Elizabeth Heflin Center for Human Genetics, Genomic Core Facility, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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85
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Dietary Inflammatory Index and clinical course of multiple sclerosis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:979-988. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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86
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Sherchand O, Sapkota N, Chaudhari RK, Khan SA, Baranwal JK, Pokhrel T, Das BKL, Lamsal M. Association between vitamin D deficiency and depression in Nepalese population. Psychiatry Res 2018; 267:266-271. [PMID: 29940458 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies link vitamin D deficiency with depression; however evidences from the Nepalese population are scarce. The current study explored the association between vitamin D deficiency and depression among 300 adults of 18 years and above age residing in eastern Nepal. Validated Nepali version of the Beck Depression Inventory scale (BDI-Ia) was used to determine depressive symptoms and a BDI cutoff score of ≥20 was considered as clinically significant depression. Sociodemographic data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to measure serum 25‑hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and classify vitamin D status (deficient, insufficient and sufficient). We used Chi-square test to identify the association of sociodemographic variables and vitamin D status with clinically significant depression. We found a significant association of gender, geographical location of residence, marital status, religion and vitamin D status with clinically significant depression. Binary logistic regression model was used to examine the likelihood of clinically significant depression among vitamin D deficient individuals. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with increased odds of clinically significant depression even after adjusting for confounding variables. This finding suggests Vitamin D deficient people have increased odds of having clinically significant depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ojaswee Sherchand
- Department of Biochemistry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
| | - Nidesh Sapkota
- Department of Psychiatry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Rajendra K Chaudhari
- Department of Biochemistry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Seraj A Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Jouslin K Baranwal
- Department of Biochemistry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Tripti Pokhrel
- Department of Biochemistry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Binod K L Das
- Department of Biochemistry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Madhab Lamsal
- Department of Biochemistry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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87
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Rahman A, Al-Taiar A, Shaban L, Al-Sabah R, Al-Harbi A, Mojiminiyi O. Plasma 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Is Not Associated with Either Cognitive Function or Academic Performance in Adolescents. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091197. [PMID: 30200421 PMCID: PMC6165454 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several observational studies have reported an association between low levels of vitamin D (VD) and poor cognition in adults, but there is a paucity of data on such an association in adolescents. We investigated the association between VD and cognitive function or academic achievement among 1370 adolescents, who were selected from public middle schools in Kuwait, using stratified multistage cluster random sampling with probability proportional to size. Plasma 25-hydroxy VD (25-OH-D) was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). An age-adjusted standard score (ASC), calculated from Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices test, was used to evaluate cognitive function; academic achievements were extracted from the schools’ records. Data on various covariates were collected from the parents through a self-administered questionnaire and from the adolescents using face-to-face interviews. 25-OH-D was weakly correlated positively with ASC (ρ = 0.06; p = 0.04). Univariable linear regression analysis showed an association between 25-OH-D categories and ASC after adjusting for gender, but adjusting for parental education was sufficient to explain this association. Multivariable analysis showed no association between 25-OH-D and ASC after adjusting for potential confounders whether 25-OH-D was fitted as a continuous variable (p = 0.73), a variable that is categorized by acceptable cutoff points (p = 0.48), or categorized into quartiles (p = 0.88). Similarly, 25-OH-D was not associated with academic performance. We conclude that 25-OH-D is associated with neither cognitive function nor academic performance in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rahman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait.
| | - Abdullah Al-Taiar
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
| | - Lemia Shaban
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait.
| | - Reem Al-Sabah
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
| | - Anwar Al-Harbi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait.
| | - Olusegun Mojiminiyi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
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88
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Vitamin D fortification of foods and prospective health outcomes. J Biotechnol 2018; 285:91-101. [PMID: 30176270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is essential for bone health and has significant roles in non-skeletal health and organ function. Dermal synthesis through exposure to ultraviolet B light is the major natural source of vitamin D, while only a small portion of the necessary amount can be acquired by a diet without fortified foods. In recent years, vitamin D deficiency as a result of lifestyles with inadequate sun exposure, has received increased attention due to its association with the increased risk of serious chronic diseases. This review summarizes our current understanding of food fortification strategies with vitamin D and the resulting health impact. Conventional and biotechnological approaches can be used for the production of new and novel vitamin D rich or vitamin D fortified foods. The availability of a wider range of every-day consumed fortified foods as part of a "Daily D" public health policy can contribute to the improvement of vitamin D status and to prevention of vitamin D deficiency.
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89
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Siebert C, Bertó CG, Ferreira FS, Moreira DDS, Santos TM, Wyse AT. Vitamin D partially reverses the increase in p‐NF‐κB/p65 immunocontent and interleukin‐6 levels, but not in acetylcholinesterase activity in hippocampus of adult female ovariectomized rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 71:122-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cassiana Siebert
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças NeurometabólicasDepartamento de BioquímicaICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulRua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600‐AnexoCEP 90035‐003Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - Carolina Gessinger Bertó
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças NeurometabólicasDepartamento de BioquímicaICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulRua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600‐AnexoCEP 90035‐003Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - Fernanda Silva Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças NeurometabólicasDepartamento de BioquímicaICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulRua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600‐AnexoCEP 90035‐003Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - Daniella de S. Moreira
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças NeurometabólicasDepartamento de BioquímicaICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulRua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600‐AnexoCEP 90035‐003Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - Tiago Marcon Santos
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças NeurometabólicasDepartamento de BioquímicaICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulRua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600‐AnexoCEP 90035‐003Porto AlegreRSBrazil
| | - Angela T.S. Wyse
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças NeurometabólicasDepartamento de BioquímicaICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulRua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600‐AnexoCEP 90035‐003Porto AlegreRSBrazil
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90
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Vitamin D in Neurological Diseases: A Rationale for a Pathogenic Impact. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082245. [PMID: 30065237 PMCID: PMC6121649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely known that vitamin D receptors have been found in neurons and glial cells, and their highest expression is in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus and subcortical grey nuclei, and substantia nigra. Vitamin D helps the regulation of neurotrophin, neural differentiation, and maturation, through the control operation of growing factors synthesis (i.e., neural growth factor [NGF] and glial cell line-derived growth factor (GDNF), the trafficking of the septohippocampal pathway, and the control of the synthesis process of different neuromodulators (such as acetylcholine [Ach], dopamine [DA], and gamma-aminobutyric [GABA]). Based on these assumptions, we have written this review to summarize the potential role of vitamin D in neurological pathologies. This work could be titanic and the results might have been very fuzzy and even incoherent had we not conjectured to taper our first intentions and devoted our interests towards three mainstreams, demyelinating pathologies, vascular syndromes, and neurodegeneration. As a result of the lack of useful therapeutic options, apart from the disease-modifying strategies, the role of different risk factors should be investigated in neurology, as their correction may lead to the improvement of the cerebral conditions. We have explored the relationships between the gene-environmental influence and long-term vitamin D deficiency, as a risk factor for the development of different types of neurological disorders, along with the role and the rationale of therapeutic trials with vitamin D implementation.
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91
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Anjum I, Jaffery SS, Fayyaz M, Samoo Z, Anjum S. The Role of Vitamin D in Brain Health: A Mini Literature Review. Cureus 2018; 10:e2960. [PMID: 30214848 PMCID: PMC6132681 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is vital for our body as it regulates calcium homeostasis and maintains bone integrity. In this article, we will discuss how vitamin D aids in the function of neuronal and glial tissue and the many health consequences in a person with vitamin D deficiency. Some of the effects of vitamin D deficiency that will be discussed include the development of dementia caused by the increase of cerebral soluble and insoluble amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and a decrease of its anti-inflammatory/antioxidant properties, the link to depression by a reduction of the buffering of increased calcium in the brain, and vitamin D deficiency in expecting mothers linking to the development of autism and schizophrenic-like disorders, hypoxic brain injury, and other mental illnesses. Lastly, we will discuss how vitamin D deficiency is linked to the development of diabetes mellitus, its role in neuronal development and a decrease of microglial inflammatory function leading to increased brain infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrar Anjum
- Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | | | - Muniba Fayyaz
- Internal Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | - Zarak Samoo
- Medicine, Ziauddin College of Medicine, Karachi, PAK
| | - Sheraz Anjum
- Medicine, Sherif Medical City Hospital, Lahore, PAK
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92
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Orr SL. The Evidence for the Role of Nutraceuticals in the Management of Pediatric Migraine: a Review. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2018; 22:37. [PMID: 29619575 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-018-0692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nutraceuticals are a form of complementary and alternative medicine that is commonly used by children and adolescents with migraine. In this review, observational studies, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on the efficacy and safety of single compound nutraceuticals for the management of migraine in children and adolescents were identified through a literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, and EBM Reviews-Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. RECENT FINDINGS Twenty-one studies were reviewed, of which 11 were observational studies, 7 were randomized controlled trials, and 3 were systematic reviews. Six different nutraceuticals were included in the review: vitamin D, riboflavin, coenzyme Q10, magnesium, butterbur, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. All but three of the studies assessed the role of nutraceuticals in migraine prevention, while three studies evaluated the role of intravenous magnesium for acute migraine management. Overall, the quality and size of the studies were limited. Due to low quality evidence and limited studies, no definite conclusions can be drawn on the efficacy of nutraceuticals for the treatment of pediatric migraine. Future studies are warranted in order to establish evidence upon which to define the role of nutraceuticals in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena L Orr
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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