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Acosta CH, Clemons GA, Citadin CT, Carr WC, Udo MSB, Tesic V, Sanicola HW, Freelin AH, Toms JB, Jordan JD, Guthikonda B, Rodgers KM, Wu CYC, Lee RHC, Lin HW. PRMT7 can prevent neurovascular uncoupling, blood-brain barrier permeability, and mitochondrial dysfunction in repetitive and mild traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol 2023; 366:114445. [PMID: 37196697 PMCID: PMC10960645 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) comprises the largest percentage of TBI-related injuries, with pathophysiological and functional deficits that persist in a subset of TBI patients. In our three-hit paradigm of repetitive and mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI), we observed neurovascular uncoupling via decreased red blood cell velocity, microvessel diameter, and leukocyte rolling velocity 3 days post-rmTBI via intra-vital two-photon laser scanning microscopy. Furthermore, our data suggest increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (leakage), with corresponding decrease in junctional protein expression post-rmTBI. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (measured via Seahorse XFe24) were also altered 3 days post-rmTBI, along with disrupted mitochondrial dynamics of fission and fusion. Overall, these pathophysiological findings correlated with decreased protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) protein levels and activity post-rmTBI. Here, we increased PRMT7 levels in vivo to assess the role of the neurovasculature and mitochondria post-rmTBI. In vivo overexpression of PRMT7 using a neuronal specific AAV vector led to restoration of neurovascular coupling, prevented BBB leakage, and promoted mitochondrial respiration, altogether to suggest a protective and functional role of PRMT7 in rmTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina H Acosta
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Garrett A Clemons
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Cristiane T Citadin
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - William C Carr
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Mariana Sayuri Berto Udo
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Vesna Tesic
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Henry W Sanicola
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Anne H Freelin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Jamie B Toms
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - J Dedrick Jordan
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Bharat Guthikonda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Krista M Rodgers
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Celeste Yin-Chieh Wu
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Reggie Hui-Chao Lee
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America
| | - Hung Wen Lin
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States of America.
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Buenaventura RG, Harvey AC, Burns MP, Main BS. Traumatic brain injury induces an adaptive immune response in the meningeal transcriptome that is amplified by aging. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1210175. [PMID: 37588516 PMCID: PMC10425597 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1210175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and mortality, particularly among the elderly, yet our mechanistic understanding of how age renders the post-traumatic brain vulnerable to poor clinical outcomes and susceptible to neurological disease remains poorly understood. It is well established that dysregulated and sustained immune responses contribute to negative outcomes after TBI, however our understanding of the interactions between central and peripheral immune reservoirs is still unclear. The meninges serve as the interface between the brain and the immune system, facilitating important bi-directional roles in healthy and disease settings. It has been previously shown that disruption of this system exacerbates inflammation in age related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, however we have an incomplete understanding of how the meningeal compartment influences immune responses after TBI. Here, we examine the meningeal tissue and its response to brain injury in young (3-months) and aged (18-months) mice. Utilizing a bioinformatic approach, high-throughput RNA sequencing demonstrates alterations in the meningeal transcriptome at sub-acute (7-days) and chronic (1 month) timepoints after injury. We find that age alone chronically exacerbates immunoglobulin production and B cell responses. After TBI, adaptive immune response genes are up-regulated in a temporal manner, with genes involved in T cell responses elevated sub-acutely, followed by increases in B cell related genes at chronic time points after injury. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are also implicated as contributing to the immune response in the meninges, with ingenuity pathway analysis identifying interferons as master regulators in aged mice compared to young mice following TBI. Collectively these data demonstrate the temporal series of meningeal specific signatures, providing insights into how age leads to worse neuroinflammatory outcomes in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bevan S. Main
- Laboratory for Brain Injury and Dementia, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
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Liu G, Wang J, Wei Z, Fang C, Shen K, Qian C, Qi C, Li T, Gao P, Wong PC, Lu H, Cao X, Wan M. Elevated PDGF-BB from Bone Impairs Hippocampal Vasculature by Inducing PDGFRβ Shedding from Pericytes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206938. [PMID: 37102631 PMCID: PMC10369301 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests a unique association between bone aging and neurodegenerative/cerebrovascular disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying bone-brain interplay remain elusive. Here platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) produced by preosteoclasts in bone is reported to promote age-associated hippocampal vascular impairment. Aberrantly elevated circulating PDGF-BB in aged mice and high-fat diet (HFD)-challenged mice correlates with capillary reduction, pericyte loss, and increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in their hippocampus. Preosteoclast-specific Pdgfb transgenic mice with markedly high plasma PDGF-BB concentration faithfully recapitulate the age-associated hippocampal BBB impairment and cognitive decline. Conversely, preosteoclast-specific Pdgfb knockout mice have attenuated hippocampal BBB impairment in aged mice or HFD-challenged mice. Persistent exposure of brain pericytes to high concentrations of PDGF-BB upregulates matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14), which promotes ectodomain shedding of PDGF receptor β (PDGFRβ) from pericyte surface. MMP inhibitor treatment alleviates hippocampal pericyte loss and capillary reduction in the conditional Pdgfb transgenic mice and antagonizes BBB leakage in aged mice. The findings establish the role of bone-derived PDGF-BB in mediating hippocampal BBB disruption and identify the ligand-induced PDGFRβ shedding as a feedback mechanism for age-associated PDGFRβ downregulation and the consequent pericyte loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss Building, Room 232, 720 Rutland AvenueBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Jiekang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss Building, Room 232, 720 Rutland AvenueBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Ching‐Lien Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss Building, Room 232, 720 Rutland AvenueBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Ke Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss Building, Room 232, 720 Rutland AvenueBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss Building, Room 232, 720 Rutland AvenueBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Cheng Qi
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss Building, Room 232, 720 Rutland AvenueBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Tong Li
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21224USA
| | - Philip C. Wong
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA
- Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological ScienceThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss Building, Room 232, 720 Rutland AvenueBaltimoreMD21205USA
| | - Mei Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss Building, Room 232, 720 Rutland AvenueBaltimoreMD21205USA
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Chavarria D, Abbaspour A, Celestino N, Shah N, Sankar S, Baker AB. A high throughput blood-brain barrier model incorporating shear stress with improved predictive power for drug discovery. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:044105. [PMID: 37614679 PMCID: PMC10444201 DOI: 10.1063/5.0150887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is a key structure regulating the health of the brain and access of drugs and pathogens to neural tissue. Shear stress is a key regulator of the blood-brain barrier; however, the commonly used multi-well vitro models of the blood-brain barrier do not incorporate shear stress. In this work, we designed and validated a high-throughput system for simulating the blood-brain barrier that incorporates physiological flow and incorporates an optimized cellular model of the blood-brain barrier. This system can perform assays of blood-brain barrier function with shear stress, with 48 independent assays simultaneously. Using the high throughput assay, we conducted drug screening assays to explore the effects of compounds for opening or closing blood-brain barrier. Our studies revealed that assays with shear stress were more predictive and were able to identify compounds known to modify the blood-brain barrier function while static assays were not. Overall, we demonstrate an optimized, high throughput assay for simulating the blood-brain barrier that incorporates shear stress and is practical for use in drug screening and other high throughput studies of toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chavarria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Ali Abbaspour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Natalie Celestino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Nehali Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - Aaron B. Baker
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel.:+512-232-7114
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55
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Lee JH, Lee D, Lee BK, Cho YS, Kim DK, JUNG YH, Ryu SJ, No E. The association between lactate to albumin ratio and outcomes at early phase in patients with traumatic brain injury. ULUS TRAVMA ACIL CER 2023; 29:752-757. [PMID: 37409915 PMCID: PMC10405036 DOI: 10.14744/tjtes.2023.40033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases result in death in the early phase; predicting short-term progno-sis of affected patients is necessary to prevent this. This study aimed to examine the association between the lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR) on admission and outcomes in the early phase of TBI. METHODS This retrospective observational study included patients with TBI who visited our emergency department between January 2018 and December 2020. TBI was considered as an head abbreviated injury scale (AIS) score of 3 or higher and other AIS of 2 or lower. The primary and secondary outcomes were 24-h mortality and massive transfusion (MT), respectively. RESULTS In total, 460 patients were included. The 24-h mortality was 12.6% (n=28) and MT was performed in 31 (6.7%) patients. In the multivariable analysis, LAR was associated with 24-h mortality (odds ratio [OR], 2.021; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.301-3.139) and MT (OR, 1.898; 95% CI, 1.288-2.797). The areas under the curve of LAR for 24-h mortality and MT were 0.805 (95% CI, 0.766-0.841) and 0.735 (95% CI, 0.693-0.775), respectively. CONCLUSION LAR was associated with early-phase outcomes in patients with TBI, including 24-h mortality and MT. LAR may help predict these outcomes within 24 h in patients with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ho Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - DongHun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Byung Kook Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yong Hun JUNG
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Ryu
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eul No
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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56
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Loussert-Fonta C, Stoppini L, Neuenschwander Y, Righini O, Prim D, Schmidt C, Heuschkel MO, Gomez Baisac L, Jovic´ M, Pfeifer ME, Extermann J, Roux A. Opening the black box of traumatic brain injury: a holistic approach combining human 3D neural tissue and an in vitro traumatic brain injury induction device. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1189615. [PMID: 37397462 PMCID: PMC10308006 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1189615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by a wide range of physical events and can induce an even larger spectrum of short- to long-term pathophysiologies. Neuroscientists have relied on animal models to understand the relationship between mechanical damages and functional alterations of neural cells. These in vivo and animal-based in vitro models represent important approaches to mimic traumas on whole brains or organized brain structures but are not fully representative of pathologies occurring after traumas on human brain parenchyma. To overcome these limitations and to establish a more accurate and comprehensive model of human TBI, we engineered an in vitro platform to induce injuries via the controlled projection of a small drop of liquid onto a 3D neural tissue engineered from human iPS cells. With this platform, biological mechanisms involved in neural cellular injury are recorded through electrophysiology measurements, quantification of biomarkers released, and two imaging methods [confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and optical projection tomography (OPT)]. The results showed drastic changes in tissue electrophysiological activities and significant releases of glial and neuronal biomarkers. Tissue imaging allowed us to reconstruct the injured area spatially in 3D after staining it with specific nuclear dyes and to determine TBI resulting in cell death. In future experiments, we seek to monitor the effects of TBI-induced injuries over a prolonged time and at a higher temporal resolution to better understand the subtleties of the biomarker release kinetics and the cell recovery phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Loussert-Fonta
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, HEPIA HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luc Stoppini
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, HEPIA HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yoan Neuenschwander
- Micro-Nanotechnology Group, HEPIA HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ophélie Righini
- Diagnostic Systems Research Group, Institute of Life Technologies, School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Denis Prim
- Diagnostic Systems Research Group, Institute of Life Technologies, School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Schmidt
- Micro-Nanotechnology Group, HEPIA HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc O. Heuschkel
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, HEPIA HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Loris Gomez Baisac
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, HEPIA HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Milica Jovic´
- Diagnostic Systems Research Group, Institute of Life Technologies, School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Marc E. Pfeifer
- Diagnostic Systems Research Group, Institute of Life Technologies, School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais-Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Extermann
- Micro-Nanotechnology Group, HEPIA HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adrien Roux
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, HEPIA HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
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Denniss RJ, Barker LA. Brain Trauma and the Secondary Cascade in Humans: Review of the Potential Role of Vitamins in Reparative Processes and Functional Outcome. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050388. [PMID: 37232626 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
An estimated sixty-nine million people sustain a traumatic brain injury each year. Trauma to the brain causes the primary insult and initiates a secondary biochemical cascade as part of the immune and reparative response to injury. The secondary cascade, although a normal physiological response, may also contribute to ongoing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and axonal injury, continuing in some cases years after the initial insult. In this review, we explain some of the biochemical mechanisms of the secondary cascade and their potential deleterious effects on healthy neurons including secondary cell death. The second part of the review focuses on the role of micronutrients to neural mechanisms and their potential reparative effects with regards to the secondary cascade after brain injury. The biochemical response to injury, hypermetabolism and excessive renal clearance of nutrients after injury increases the demand for most vitamins. Currently, most research in the area has shown positive outcomes of vitamin supplementation after brain injury, although predominantly in animal (murine) models. There is a pressing need for more research in this area with human participants because vitamin supplementation post-trauma is a potential cost-effective adjunct to other clinical and therapeutic treatments. Importantly, traumatic brain injury should be considered a lifelong process and better evaluated across the lifespan of individuals who experience brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Denniss
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Lynne A Barker
- Centre for Behavioural Science and Applied Psychology, Department of Psychology, Sociology and Politics, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
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58
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Mardi N, Salahpour-Anarjan F, Nemati M, Shahsavari Baher N, Rahbarghazi R, Zarebkohan A. Exosomes; multifaceted nanoplatform for targeting brain cancers. Cancer Lett 2023; 557:216077. [PMID: 36731592 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
At the moment, anaplastic changes within the brain are challenging due to the complexity of neural tissue, leading to the inefficiency of therapeutic protocols. The existence of a cellular interface, namely the blood-brain barrier (BBB), restricts the entry of several macromolecules and therapeutic agents into the brain. To date, several nano-based platforms have been used in laboratory settings and in vivo conditions to overcome the barrier properties of BBB. Exosomes (Exos) are one-of-a-kind of extracellular vesicles with specific cargo to modulate cell bioactivities in a paracrine manner. Regarding unique physicochemical properties and easy access to various biofluids, Exos provide a favorable platform for drug delivery and therapeutic purposes. Emerging data have indicated that Exos enable brain penetration of selective cargos such as bioactive factors and chemotherapeutic compounds. Along with these statements, the application of smart delivery approaches can increase delivery efficiency and thus therapeutic outcomes. Here, we highlighted the recent advances in the application of Exos in the context of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Mardi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salahpour-Anarjan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Nemati
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasim Shahsavari Baher
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Boyko M, Gruenbaum BF, Frank D, Natanel D, Negev S, Azab AN, Barsky G, Knyazer B, Kofman O, Zlotnik A. The Integrity of the Blood-Brain Barrier as a Critical Factor for Regulating Glutamate Levels in Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065897. [PMID: 36982969 PMCID: PMC10056818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A healthy blood-brain barrier (BBB) shields the brain from high concentrations of blood glutamate, which can cause neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. It is believed that traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes long-term BBB disruption, subsequently increasing brain glutamate in the blood, in addition to increased glutamate resulting from the neuronal injury. Here, we investigate the relationship between blood and brain glutamate levels in the context of BBB permeability. Rats exposed to BBB disruption through an osmotic model or TBI and treated with intravenous glutamate or saline were compared to control rats with an intact BBB treated with intravenous glutamate or saline. After BBB disruption and glutamate administration, the concentrations of glutamate in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood and brain tissue were analyzed. The results showed a strong correlation between the brain and blood glutamate concentrations in the groups with BBB disruption. We conclude that a healthy BBB protects the brain from high levels of blood glutamate, and the permeability of the BBB is a vital component in regulating levels of glutamate in the brain. These findings bring a new approach to treating the consequences of TBI and other diseases where long-term disruption of the BBB is the central mechanism of their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Boyko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Benjamin F Gruenbaum
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Dmitry Frank
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Dmitry Natanel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Shahar Negev
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Abed N Azab
- Department of Nursing, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Guy Barsky
- Department of Surgery B, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Boris Knyazer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Ora Kofman
- Department of Psychology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
| | - Alexander Zlotnik
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel
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Kesavan C, Gomez GA, Pourteymoor S, Mohan S. Development of an Animal Model for Traumatic Brain Injury Augmentation of Heterotopic Ossification in Response to Local Injury. Biomedicines 2023; 11:943. [PMID: 36979922 PMCID: PMC10046150 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the abnormal growth of bone in soft connective tissues that occurs as a frequent complication in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and in rare genetic disorders. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms behind ectopic bone formation in response to TBI is likely to have a significant impact on identification of novel therapeutic targets for HO treatment. In this study, we induced repetitive mild TBI (mTBI) using a weight drop model in mice and then stimulated HO formation via a local injury to the Achilles tendon or fibula. The amount of ectopic bone, as evaluated by micro-CT analyses, was increased by four-fold in the injured leg of mTBI mice compared to control mice. However, there was no evidence of HO formation in the uninjured leg of mTBI mice. Since tissue injury leads to the activation of hypoxia signaling, which is known to promote endochondral ossification, we evaluated the effect of IOX2, a chemical inhibitor of PHD2 and a known inducer of hypoxia signaling on HO development in response to fibular injury. IOX2 treatment increased HO volume by five-fold compared to vehicle. Since pericytes located in the endothelium of microvascular capillaries are known to function as multipotent tissue-resident progenitors, we determined if activation of hypoxia signaling promotes pericyte recruitment at the injury site. We found that markers of pericytes, NG2 and PDGFRβ, were abundantly expressed at the site of injury in IOX2 treated mice. Treatment of pericytes with IOX2 for 72 h stimulated expression of targets of hypoxia signaling (Vegf and Epo), as well as markers of chondrocyte differentiation (Col2α1 and Col10α1). Furthermore, serum collected from TBI mice was more effective in promoting the proliferation and differentiation of pericytes than control mouse serum. In conclusion, our data show that the hypoxic state at the injury site in soft tissues of TBI mice provides an environment leading to increased accumulation and activation of pericytes to form endochondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrasekhar Kesavan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Gustavo A. Gomez
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - Sheila Pourteymoor
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
| | - Subburaman Mohan
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Orthopedic Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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Whitehead B, Velazquez-Cruz R, Albowaidey A, Zhang N, Karelina K, Weil ZM. Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Induces Time- and Sex-Dependent Cerebrovascular Dysfunction and Stroke Vulnerability. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:578-591. [PMID: 36322789 PMCID: PMC9986031 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) produces subtle cerebrovascular impairments that persist over time and promote increased ischemic stroke vulnerability. We recently established a role for vascular impairments in exacerbating stroke outcomes 1 week after TBI, but there is a lack of research regarding long-term impacts of mTBI-induced vascular dysfunction, as well as a significant need to understand how mTBI promotes stroke vulnerability in both males and females. Here, we present data using a mild closed head TBI model and an experimental stroke occurring either 7 or 28 days later in both male and female mice. We report that mTBI induces larger stroke volumes 7 days after injury, however, this increased vulnerability to stroke persists out to 28 days in female but not male mice. Importantly, mTBI-induced changes in blood-brain barrier permeability, intravascular coagulation, angiogenic factors, total vascular area, and glial expression were differentially altered across time and by sex. Taken together, these data suggest that mTBI can result in persistent cerebrovascular dysfunction and increased susceptibility to worsened ischemic outcomes, although these dysfunctions occur differently in male and female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Whitehead
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Ruth Velazquez-Cruz
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Ali Albowaidey
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Kate Karelina
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Zachary M. Weil
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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62
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Harris WJ, Asselin MC, Hinz R, Parkes LM, Allan S, Schiessl I, Boutin H, Dickie BR. In vivo methods for imaging blood-brain barrier function and dysfunction. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1051-1083. [PMID: 36437425 PMCID: PMC9931809 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05997-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the interface between the central nervous system and systemic circulation. It tightly regulates what enters and is removed from the brain parenchyma and is fundamental in maintaining brain homeostasis. Increasingly, the BBB is recognised as having a significant role in numerous neurological disorders, ranging from acute disorders (traumatic brain injury, stroke, seizures) to chronic neurodegeneration (Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, small vessel disease). Numerous approaches have been developed to study the BBB in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. The complex multicellular structure and effects of disease are difficult to recreate accurately in vitro, and functional aspects of the BBB cannot be easily studied ex vivo. As such, the value of in vivo methods to study the intact BBB cannot be overstated. This review discusses the structure and function of the BBB and how these are affected in diseases. It then discusses in depth several established and novel methods for imaging the BBB in vivo, with a focus on MRI, nuclear imaging, and high-resolution intravital fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- William James Harris
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Marie-Claude Asselin
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rainer Hinz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura Michelle Parkes
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Stuart Allan
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Ingo Schiessl
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Herve Boutin
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK.
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Ben Robert Dickie
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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63
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Wei C, Li P, Liu L, Zhang H, Zhao T, Chen Y. Degradable Poly(amino acid) Vesicles Modulate DNA-Induced Inflammation after Traumatic Brain Injury. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:909-920. [PMID: 36629517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Following brain trauma, secondary injury from molecular and cellular changes causes progressive cerebral tissue damage. Acute/chronic neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a key player in the development of secondary injury. Rapidly elevated cell-free DNAs (cfDNAs) due to cell death could lead to production of inflammatory cytokines that aggravate TBI. Herein, we designed poly(amino acid)-based cationic nanoparticles (cNPs) and applied them intravenously in a TBI mice model with the purpose of scavenging cfDNA in the brain and suppressing the acute inflammation. In turn, these cNPs could effectively eliminate endogenous cfDNA, inhibit excessive activation of inflammation, and promote neural functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Peipei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.,Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.,Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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64
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Cell-Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery to the Brain for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020621. [PMID: 36839943 PMCID: PMC9960717 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases (NDs) are a significant cause of disability and death in the global population. However, effective treatments still need to be improved for most NDs. In recent years, cell-membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMCNPs) as drug-targeting delivery systems have become a research hotspot. Such a membrane-derived, nano drug-delivery system not only contributes to avoiding immune clearance but also endows nanoparticles (NPs) with various cellular and functional mimicries. This review article first provides an overview of the function and mechanism of single/hybrid cell-membrane-derived NPs. Then, we highlight the application and safety of CMCNPs in NDs. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in the field.
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65
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Secondary Degeneration of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Occurs as Early as 24 h after Optic Nerve Injury in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043463. [PMID: 36834873 PMCID: PMC9964292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Optic nerve injury causes secondary degeneration, a sequela that spreads damage from the primary injury to adjacent tissue, through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), a key component of the BBB and oligodendrogenesis, are vulnerable to oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage by 3 days post-injury. However, it is unclear whether oxidative damage in OPCs occurs earlier at 1 day post-injury, or whether a critical 'window-of-opportunity' exists for therapeutic intervention. Here, a partial optic nerve transection rat model of secondary degeneration was used with immunohistochemistry to assess BBB dysfunction, oxidative stress, and proliferation in OPCs vulnerable to secondary degeneration. At 1 day post-injury, BBB breach and oxidative DNA damage were observed, alongside increased density of DNA-damaged proliferating cells. DNA-damaged cells underwent apoptosis (cleaved caspase3+), and apoptosis was associated with BBB breach. OPCs experienced DNA damage and apoptosis and were the major proliferating cell type with DNA damage. However, the majority of caspase3+ cells were not OPCs. These results provide novel insights into acute secondary degeneration mechanisms in the optic nerve, highlighting the need to consider early oxidative damage to OPCs in therapeutic efforts to limit degeneration following optic nerve injury.
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Ibeh S, Bakkar NMZ, Ahmad F, Nwaiwu J, Barsa C, Mekhjian S, Reslan MA, Eid AH, Harati H, Nabha S, Mechref Y, El-Yazbi AF, Kobeissy F. High fat diet exacerbates long-term metabolic, neuropathological, and behavioral derangements in an experimental mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Life Sci 2023; 314:121316. [PMID: 36565814 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitutes a serious public health concern. Although TBI targets the brain, it can exert several systemic effects which can worsen the complications observed in TBI subjects. Currently, there is no FDA-approved therapy available for its treatment. Thus, there has been an increasing need to understand other factors that could modulate TBI outcomes. Among the factors involved are diet and lifestyle. High-fat diets (HFD), rich in saturated fat, have been associated with adverse effects on brain health. MAIN METHODS To study this phenomenon, an experimental mouse model of open head injury, induced by the controlled cortical impact was used along with high-fat feeding to evaluate the impact of HFD on brain injury outcomes. Mice were fed HFD for a period of two months where several neurological, behavioral, and molecular outcomes were assessed to investigate the impact on chronic consequences of the injury 30 days post-TBI. KEY FINDINGS Two months of HFD feeding, together with TBI, led to a notable metabolic, neurological, and behavioral impairment. HFD was associated with increased blood glucose and fat-to-lean ratio. Spatial learning and memory, as well as motor coordination, were all significantly impaired. Notably, HFD aggravated neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. Also, cell proliferation post-TBI was repressed by HFD, which was accompanied by an increased lesion volume. SIGNIFICANCE Our research indicated that chronic HFD feeding can worsen functional outcomes, predispose to neurodegeneration, and decrease brain recovery post-TBI. This sheds light on the clinical impact of HFD on TBI pathophysiology and rehabilitation as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Ibeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour-Mounira Z Bakkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fatima Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Judith Nwaiwu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Deparment of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Chloe Barsa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sarine Mekhjian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Amine Reslan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hayat Harati
- Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sanaa Nabha
- Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Deparment of Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Alamein International University, Al-Alamein, Egypt.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Morehouse School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Center for Neurotrauma, Multiomics & Biomarkers (CNMB), 720 Westview Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA.
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67
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Zhao B, Wang H. Effect of integrated perioperative rehabilitation intervention under the fast-track surgery concept on stress and complications in patients undergoing craniocerebral injury surgery. Front Surg 2023; 9:1014211. [PMID: 36684229 PMCID: PMC9852531 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1014211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To observe the intervention effect of perioperative rehabilitation intervention of integrated medical care the concept of FTS on stress response and postoperative complications in patients undergoing craniocerebral injury surgery. Methods 70 patients with Traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of our Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were as the research objects and were divided into general group and FTS group according to the random number table method, with 35 cases in each group. The general group was intervened with perioperative basic nursing measures for TBI, and the FTS group was intervened with perioperative rehabilitation model of integrated medical care under the concept of FTS on the basis of the general group. The two groups of patients were compared in hemodynamic indexes (heart rate, mean arterial pressure), stress hormone levels (CORT, GLU, E), changes in motor neurological function (GCS score, NHISS score, FMA score), occurrence of postoperative complications (infection, pressure sores, rebleeding, central hyperthermia), short-term quality of life (SF-36) before and after the intervention. Results After intervention, the levels of HR, MAP, COR, GLU, and E were significantly lower in FTS group than in the general group (all P < 0.05). After intervention, the Fugl-Meyer score and Barthel index score of upper and lower extremities in both groups were significantly higher than those before intervention, and the FTS group was higher than the general group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the NIHSS scores were significantly lower in both groups than before the intervention, and the FTS group was lower than the general group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Short-term physical function, somatic pain, physical function, general health status, social function, energy, mental health, and emotional function scores were significantly higher in the FTS group than in thegeneral group, and all differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The total incidence of infection, pressure ulcers, rebleeding, central high fever and other complications in the FTS group was significantly lower than that in the general group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The implementation of integrated perioperative rehabilitation interventions under the concept of FTS for patients with TBI can significantly alleviate patients' stress, promote recovery, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve short-term quality of life, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Department of Taditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Trauma Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Correspondence: Heng Wang binbinjoyce126.com
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68
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Shinoda Y, Akiyama M, Toyama T. Potential Association between Methylmercury Neurotoxicity and Inflammation. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1162-1168. [PMID: 37661394 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is the causal substrate of Minamata disease and a major environmental toxicant. MeHg is widely distributed, mainly in the ocean, meaning its bioaccumulation in seafood is a considerable problem for human health. MeHg has been intensively investigated and is known to induce inflammatory responses and neurodegeneration. However, the relationship between MeHg-induced inflammatory responses and neurodegeneration is not understood. In the present review, we first describe recent findings showing an association between inflammatory responses and certain MeHg-unrelated neurological diseases caused by neurodegeneration. In addition, cell-specific MeHg-induced inflammatory responses are summarized for the central nervous system including those of microglia, astrocytes, and neurons. We also describe MeHg-induced inflammatory responses in peripheral cells and tissue, such as macrophages and blood. These findings provide a concept of the relationship between MeHg-induced inflammatory responses and neurodegeneration, as well as direction for future research of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Shinoda
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | - Masahiro Akiyama
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University
| | - Takashi Toyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
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69
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Androsova LV, Vetlugina TP, Nikitina VB, Zozulya SA, Otman IN, Belokrylova MF, Klyushnik TP. [Inflammatory markers in organic nonpsychotic disorders]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:88-93. [PMID: 36946403 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312303188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the indicators of systemic inflammation in peripheral blood samples of patients with organic non-psychotic disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 60 patients, aged 56.9±7.7 years, with a disease duration of 7.3±5.55 years, with a verified ICD-10 diagnosis «Organic emotionally labile (asthenic) disorder» (F06.6) and «Organic Anxiety Disorder» (F06.4). Patients with organic asthenic disorder were divided into two groups according to the prevailing symptoms: 36 patients with asthenic-cephalgic syndrome (AC); 10 patients with astheno-dysthymic syndrome (AD); the third group (n=14) included patients with organic anxiety disorder (AND). The control group consisted of 65 people matched for age and sex with patients. The activity of leukocyte elastase (LE) and α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) was determined by the spectrophotometric method, the levels of aAB to S100b and MBP were determined by ELISA. The protease-inhibitory index (PII), i.e., the ratio of LE activity to α1-PI, was calculated. RESULTS A significant increase in LE (235.4 [216.4; 258.1] nmol/min*ml, p<0.001), the functional activity of α1-PI (43.1 [38.7; 47.6] u/ml, p<0.001), the level of aAB to S100b (0.78 [0.70; 0.89] opt.units, p<0.05) and a decrease in PII (6.19 [5.32; 6.9], p<0.05) in the group of patients with organic non-mental disorders compared with controls were shown. Deviations from the normal values of immune markers of inflammation in blood samples were also found in various syndromes. Clustering of the total group of patients by LE activity made it possible to identify 2 immunotypes with a balanced and unbalanced inflammatory process, confirming the clinical diversity of the disease: 60% of patients with AC syndrome belong to the 1st cluster, in which the ratio of immune markers characterizes a balanced inflammatory process aimed at restoration of homeostasis; 80% of patients with organic AND belong to the second cluster, which characterizes low proteolytic activity and imbalance of inflammation, which is an unfavorable prognostic factor in terms of the further course of the disease and therapy. CONCLUSION The results confirm the importance of the inflammatory link in the neuroprogression of organic non-psychotic disorders. The identified features of the immune response can serve as an additional paraclinical criterion for differential diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis of the further development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T P Vetlugina
- Mental Health Research Institute - Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - V B Nikitina
- Mental Health Research Institute - Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - S A Zozulya
- Mental Health Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - I N Otman
- Mental Health Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - M F Belokrylova
- Mental Health Research Institute - Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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70
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He C, Xu Y, Sun J, Li L, Zhang JH, Wang Y. Autophagy and Apoptosis in Acute Brain Injuries: From Mechanism to Treatment. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:234-257. [PMID: 35579958 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Autophagy and apoptosis are two important cellular mechanisms behind brain injuries, which are severe clinical situations with increasing incidences worldwide. To search for more and better treatments for brain injuries, it is essential to deepen the understanding of autophagy, apoptosis, and their interactions in brain injuries. This article first analyzes how autophagy and apoptosis participate in the pathogenetic processes of brain injuries respectively and mutually, then summarizes some promising treatments targeting autophagy and apoptosis to show the potential clinical applications in personalized medicine and precision medicine in the future. Recent Advances: Most current studies suggest that apoptosis is detrimental to brain recovery. Several studies indicate that autophagy can cause unnecessary death of neurons after brain injuries, while others show that autophagy is beneficial for acute brain injuries (ABIs) by facilitating the removal of damaged proteins and organelles. Whether autophagy is beneficial or detrimental in ABIs depends on many factors, and the results from different research groups are diverse or even controversial, making this topic more appealing to be explored further. Critical Issues: Neuronal autophagy and apoptosis are two primary pathological processes in ABIs. How they interact with each other and how their regulations affect the outcome and prognosis of brain injuries remain uncertain, making these answers more critical. Future Directions: Insights into the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis and the accurate regulations of their balance in ABIs may promote personalized and precise treatments in the field of brain injuries. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 234-257.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyu He
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Layla Li
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Yuechun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Tian HL, Wang W, Gong QY, Cai L, Jing Y, Yang DX, Yuan F, Chen H. Knockout of Sirt2 alleviates traumatic brain injury in mice. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:350-356. [PMID: 35900429 PMCID: PMC9396492 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.346457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) inhibition or Sirt2 knockout in animal models protects against the development of neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia. However, the role of SIRT2 in traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unclear. In this study, we found that knockout of Sirt2 in a mouse model of TBI reduced brain edema, attenuated disruption of the blood-brain barrier, decreased expression of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, reduced the activity of the effector caspase-1, reduced neuroinflammation and neuronal pyroptosis, and improved neurological function. Knockout of Sirt2 in a mechanical stretch injury cell model in vitro also decreased expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis. Our findings suggest that knockout of Sirt2 is neuroprotective against TBI; therefore, Sirt2 could be a novel target for TBI treatment.
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72
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Xu J, Li P, Lu F, Chen Y, Guo Q, Yang Y. Domino reaction of neurovascular unit in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2023; 359:114273. [PMID: 36375510 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury is complex, and the communication between neurons, glia, and blood vessels in neurovascular units significantly affects the occurrence and development of neuropathic pain. After spinal cord injury, a domino chain reaction occurs in the neuron-glia-vessel, which affects the permeability of the blood-spinal cord barrier and jointly promotes the development of neuroinflammation. This article discusses the signal transduction between neuro-glial-endothelial networks from a multidimensional point of view and reviews its role in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmei Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87th Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87th Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan medical university, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yulu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87th Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87th Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87th Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China.
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Elchaninova EY, Afanas'eva AI, Smagina IV, Elchaninova SA. [Traumatic brain injury before the multiple sclerosis onset: a relationship with the progression of neurological disorders and pathobiochemical markers of the cerebrospinal fluid]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:72-76. [PMID: 37560837 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312307272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of traumatic brain injury (TBI) before the multiple sclerosis (MS) onset with the rate of progression of neurological disorders and cerebrospinal fluid markers of blood-brain barrier permeability, inflammation, demyelination, and gliosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with relapsing-remitting MS in the Altai region of Russia with/without TBI before the MS onset (n=44; 19 men, 25 women in each group) participated in a prospective, controlled, randomized study. Disability rate was assessed retrospectively. Pleocytosis, levels of protein, albumin, C-reactive protein, TNF-alpha, myelin basic protein, S100 protein were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid in subgroups of patients (n=14 in each group) in MS remission and exacerbation. RESULTS Concussion and mild brain contusion were documented in the group of patients with TBI before the MS onset in 35 (79.5%) and 9 (20.5%) patients, respectively. Traumatic brain injury was over the age of 15 in 72.5% of patients. The rate of MS progression was higher in the group with TBI compared to the group without TBI (0.76±1.28 and 0.40±0.43 EDSS points per year, respectively; p=0.014). TBI before the MS onset increases the risk of disability by more than 0.25 EDSS points per year (OR 2.74; 95 CI 1.10-6.85; p=0.029). Intergroup differences in cerebrospinal fluid parameters were not found either during MS exacerbation or remission. CONCLUSION Concussion or mild brain contusion before the MS onset may be factors influencing the progression of neurological deficit in MS. It seems relevant to study the mechanisms of adverse effects of TBI on the MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - I V Smagina
- Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia
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74
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Moyaert P, Padrela BE, Morgan CA, Petr J, Versijpt J, Barkhof F, Jurkiewicz MT, Shao X, Oyeniran O, Manson T, Wang DJJ, Günther M, Achten E, Mutsaerts HJMM, Anazodo UC. Imaging blood-brain barrier dysfunction: A state-of-the-art review from a clinical perspective. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1132077. [PMID: 37139088 PMCID: PMC10150073 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1132077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) consists of specialized cells that tightly regulate the in- and outflow of molecules from the blood to brain parenchyma, protecting the brain's microenvironment. If one of the BBB components starts to fail, its dysfunction can lead to a cascade of neuroinflammatory events leading to neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. Preliminary imaging findings suggest that BBB dysfunction could serve as an early diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for a number of neurological diseases. This review aims to provide clinicians with an overview of the emerging field of BBB imaging in humans by answering three key questions: (1. Disease) In which diseases could BBB imaging be useful? (2. Device) What are currently available imaging methods for evaluating BBB integrity? And (3. Distribution) what is the potential of BBB imaging in different environments, particularly in resource limited settings? We conclude that further advances are needed, such as the validation, standardization and implementation of readily available, low-cost and non-contrast BBB imaging techniques, for BBB imaging to be a useful clinical biomarker in both resource-limited and well-resourced settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulien Moyaert
- Department of Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Paulien Moyaert,
| | - Beatriz E. Padrela
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Catherine A. Morgan
- School of Psychology and Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Advanced MRI, Auckland UniServices Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jan Petr
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Versijpt
- Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Xingfeng Shao
- Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Olujide Oyeniran
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tabitha Manson
- Centre for Advanced MRI, Auckland UniServices Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Danny J. J. Wang
- Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Matthias Günther
- Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Eric Achten
- Department of Medical Imaging, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Henk J. M. M. Mutsaerts
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Udunna C. Anazodo
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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75
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Aragón-González A, Shaw PJ, Ferraiuolo L. Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Its Involvement in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315271. [PMID: 36499600 PMCID: PMC9737531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly specialized and dynamic compartment which regulates the uptake of molecules and solutes from the blood. The relevance of the maintenance of a healthy BBB underpinning disease prevention as well as the main pathomechanisms affecting BBB function will be detailed in this review. Barrier disruption is a common aspect in both neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and neurodevelopmental diseases, including autism spectrum disorders. Throughout this review, conditions altering the BBB during the earliest and latest stages of life will be discussed, revealing common factors involved. Due to the barrier's role in protecting the brain from exogenous components and xenobiotics, drug delivery across the BBB is challenging. Potential therapies based on the BBB properties as molecular Trojan horses, among others, will be reviewed, as well as innovative treatments such as stem cell therapies. Additionally, due to the microbiome influence on the normal function of the brain, microflora modulation strategies will be discussed. Finally, future research directions are highlighted to address the current gaps in the literature, emphasizing the idea that common therapies for both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative pathologies exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Aragón-González
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, SITraN, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, SITraN, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Laura Ferraiuolo
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, SITraN, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)114-222-2257; Fax: +44-(0)114-222-2290
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76
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Wei L, Chang B, Geng Z, Chen M, Cao Y, Yao L, Ma C. Nomogram for predicting traumatic subdural effusion after mild traumatic brain injury. Front Neurol 2022; 13:947976. [PMID: 36119698 PMCID: PMC9475217 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.947976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTraumatic subdural effusion (TSE) is a common complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with subdural effusion and to propose a nomogram to predict the risk of TSE in patients with mild TBI.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 120 patients with mild TBI between January 2015 and December 2020 at the Third People's Hospital of Hefei. The risk factors of TSE were selected using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. A nomogram was developed to predict the incidence of TSE. Receiver operating characteristics and calibration plots were used to evaluate the discrimination and fitting performance.ResultsOf the 120 patients, 32 developed subdural effusion after mild TBI. Univariate analysis showed that gender, age, history of hypertension, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, basilar skull fracture, and cerebral contusion were varied significantly between groups (p < 0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the gender, age, history of hypertension, and basilar skull fracture were independent risk factors for TSE. Based on these results, a nomogram model was developed. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.70–0.87). The nomogram had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.70–0.87). The calibration plot demonstrated the goodness of fit between the nomogram predictions and actual observations.ConclusionGender, age, history of hypertension, and basilar skull fracture can be used in a nomogram to predict subdural effusion after mild TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Anhui Medical University Hefei Third Clinical College, Hefei, China
| | - Bowen Chang
- Department of Neurology, The School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi Geng
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi Geng
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Ming Chen
| | - Yongsheng Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Anhui Medical University Hefei Third Clinical College, Hefei, China
| | - Liang Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Anhui Medical University Hefei Third Clinical College, Hefei, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Anhui Medical University Hefei Third Clinical College, Hefei, China
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Gruenbaum BF, Zlotnik A, Fleidervish I, Frenkel A, Boyko M. Glutamate Neurotoxicity and Destruction of the Blood–Brain Barrier: Key Pathways for the Development of Neuropsychiatric Consequences of TBI and Their Potential Treatment Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179628. [PMID: 36077024 PMCID: PMC9456007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with significant cognitive and psychiatric conditions. Neuropsychiatric symptoms can persist for years following brain injury, causing major disruptions in patients’ lives. In this review, we examine the role of glutamate as an aftereffect of TBI that contributes to the development of neuropsychiatric conditions. We hypothesize that TBI causes long-term blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction lasting many years and even decades. We propose that dysfunction in the BBB is the central factor that modulates increased glutamate after TBI and ultimately leads to neurodegenerative processes and subsequent manifestation of neuropsychiatric conditions. Here, we have identified factors that determine the upper and lower levels of glutamate concentration in the brain after TBI. Furthermore, we consider treatments of disruptions to BBB integrity, including repairing the BBB and controlling excess glutamate, as potential therapeutic modalities for the treatment of acute and chronic neuropsychiatric conditions and symptoms. By specifically focusing on the BBB, we hypothesize that restoring BBB integrity will alleviate neurotoxicity and related neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F. Gruenbaum
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Alexander Zlotnik
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ilya Fleidervish
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Amit Frenkel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Matthew Boyko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Correspondence:
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Schreiner TG, Creangă-Murariu I, Tamba BI, Lucanu N, Popescu BO. In Vitro Modeling of the Blood–Brain Barrier for the Study of Physiological Conditions and Alzheimer’s Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081136. [PMID: 36009030 PMCID: PMC9405874 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is an essential structure for the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Alterations to the BBB are linked with a myriad of pathological conditions and play a significant role in the onset and evolution of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, a deeper understanding of the BBB’s structure and function is mandatory for a better knowledge of neurodegenerative disorders and the development of effective therapies. Because studying the BBB in vivo imposes overwhelming difficulties, the in vitro approach remains the main possible way of research. With many in vitro BBB models having been developed over the last years, the main aim of this review is to systematically present the most relevant designs used in neurological research. In the first part of the article, the physiological and structural–functional parameters of the human BBB are detailed. Subsequently, available BBB models are presented in a comparative approach, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Finally, the new perspectives related to the study of Alzheimer’s disease with the help of novel devices that mimic the in vivo human BBB milieu gives the paper significant originality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gabriel Schreiner
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Electrical Measurements and Materials, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, 21-23 Professor Dimitrie Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Ioana Creangă-Murariu
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Str., No. 16, 700155 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ionel Tamba
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Str., No. 16, 700155 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicolae Lucanu
- Department of Applied Electronics and Intelligent Systems, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, 21-23 Professor Dimitrie Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ovidiu Popescu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Neurology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Neurosciences and Experimental Myology, “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
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Serna-Rodríguez MF, Bernal-Vega S, de la Barquera JAOS, Camacho-Morales A, Pérez-Maya AA. The role of damage associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) and permeability of the blood-brain barrier in depression and neuroinflammation. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 371:577951. [PMID: 35994946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a heterogeneous mental disorder characterized by feelings of sadness and loss of interest that render the subject unable to handle basic daily activities such as sleeping, eating, or working. Neurobiological traits leading to depression include genetic background, early life abuse, life stressors, and systemic and central inflammatory profiles. Several clinical and preclinical reports documented that depression shows an increase in pro-inflammatory markers such as interleukin (IL-)1β, IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferon (IFN)-γ; and a decrease in anti-inflammatory IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β species. Inflammatory activation may trigger and maintain depression. Dynamic crosstalk between the peripheral immune system and the central nervous system (CNS) such as activated endothelial cells, monocytes, monocyte-derived dendritic cells, macrophages, T cells, and microglia has been proposed as a leading cause of neuroinflammation. Notably, pro-inflammatory cytokines disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and serotonergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic neurotransmission. While still under investigation, peripheral cytokines can engage brain pathways and affect the central synthesis of HPA hormones and neurotransmitters through several mechanisms such as activation of the vagus nerve, increasing the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), altered cytokines transport systems, and engaging toll-like receptors (TLRs) by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). However, physiological mechanisms that favor time-dependent central inflammation before or during illness are not totally understood. This review will provide preclinical and clinical evidence of DAMPs and the BBB permeability as contributors to depression and neuroinflammation. We will also discuss pharmacologic approaches that could potentially modulate DAMPs and BBB permeability for future interventions against major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Serna-Rodríguez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Monterrey CP. 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Sofía Bernal-Vega
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Monterrey CP. 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Alberto Camacho-Morales
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Monterrey CP. 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
| | - Antonio Alí Pérez-Maya
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Monterrey CP. 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
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Yu E, Zhang E, Lv X, Yan L, Lin Z, Siaw-Debrah F, Zhang Y, Yang S, Ruan L, Zhuge Q, Ni H. LDC7559 Exerts Neuroprotective Effects by Inhibiting GSDMD-dependent Pyroptosis of Microglia in Mice with Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2022; 40:742-757. [PMID: 35920115 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is considered one of a critical factor in the recovery of neurological function following traumatic brain injury. Brain injury activates a molecular signaling cascade associated with pyroptosis and inflammation, including NLRP3, inflammatory cytokines, caspase-1, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and other pyroptosis-related proteins. In this study, we explored the neuroprotective effects of LDC7559, a GSDMD inhibitor. Briefly, LDC7559, siRNA-GSDMD (si-GSDMD), or equal solvent was administrated to mice with a lipopolysaccharide + nigericin (LPS + Nig) model in vitro or with controlled cortical impact brain injury. The findings revealed that inflammation and pyroptosis levels were decreased by LDC7559 or si-GSDMD treatment both in vitro and in vivo. Immunofluorescence staining, brain water content, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and behavioral investigations suggested that LDC7559 or si-GSDMD inhibited microglial proliferation, ameliorated cerebral edema, reduced brain tissue loss, and promoted brain function recovery. Taken together, LDC7559 may inhibit pyroptosis and reduce inflammation by inhibiting GSDMD, thereby promoting the recovery of neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enxing Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Ningbo City First Hospital, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery,, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Erjia Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Xinhuang Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Lin Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Zhongxiao Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Felix Siaw-Debrah
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Korlebu teaching hospital, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana;
| | - Ying Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Su Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Linhui Ruan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Qichuan Zhuge
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Haoqi Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China;
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81
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Liu Y, Liu X, Chen Z, Wang Y, Li J, Gong J, He A, Zhao M, Yang C, Yang W, Wang Z. Evaluation of decompressive craniectomy in mice after severe traumatic brain injury. Front Neurol 2022; 13:898813. [PMID: 35959411 PMCID: PMC9360741 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.898813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is of great significance for relieving acute intracranial hypertension and saving lives after traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, a severe TBI mouse model was created using controlled cortical impact (CCI), and a surgical model of DC was established. Furthermore, a series of neurological function assessments were performed to better understand the pathophysiological changes after DC. In this study, mice were randomly allocated into three groups, namely, CCI group, CCI+DC group, and Sham group. The mice in the CCI and CCI+DC groups received CCI after opening a bone window, and after brain injury, immediately returned the bone window to simulate skull condition after a TBI. The CCI+DC group underwent DC and contused tissue removal 6 h after CCI. The mice in the CCI group underwent the same anesthesia process; however, no further treatment of the bone window and trauma was performed. The mice in the Sham group underwent anesthesia and the process of opening the skin and bone window, but not in the CCI group. Changes in Modified Neurological Severity Score, rotarod performance, Morris water maze, intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral blood flow (CBF), brain edema, blood–brain barrier (BBB), inflammatory factors, neuronal apoptosis, and glial cell expression were evaluated. Compared with the CCI group, the CCI+DC group had significantly lower ICP, superior neurological and motor function at 24 h after injury, and less severe BBB damage after injury. Most inflammatory cytokine expressions and the number of apoptotic cells in the brain tissue of mice in the CCI+DC group were lower than in the CCI group at 3 days after injury, with markedly reduced astrocyte and microglia expression. However, the degree of brain edema in the CCI+DC group was greater than in the CCI group, and neurological and motor functions, as well as spatial cognitive and learning ability, were significantly poorer at 14 days after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhijuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanzhi Wang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Junjie Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Anqi He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingyu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Weidong Yang
| | - Zengguang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Zengguang Wang
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The Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Mild Cognitive Impairment: a Scientometric and Visualization Analysis from 2000 to 2021. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1977-1989. [PMID: 35861948 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a pathological stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is emerging as an early biomarker of MCI. This study aimed to visually analyze the literatures related to MCI caused by BBB dysfunction in recent 20 years, systematically identify collaboration networks, track research trends, highlight current hot spots, and predict future frontiers in this field. The related literatures published from 2000 to 2021 were obtained from the Web of Science with the search term "mild cognitive impairment and (blood-brain barrier or neurovascular unit or neurovascular coupling)". VOSviewer software was used to present knowledge map, CiteSpace software was used to extract literature information and make tables, including the top most influential countries, authors, institutions, periodicals, keywords, and references. A total of 333 literatures were used for visual analysis. After 2013, the literatures in the field of BBB dysfunction-induced MCI showed an increased trend in terms of year of publication and quantity of material, with more than 40 publications published each year. USA, England, China, and Sweden cooperated closely. In terms of institutions, Harvard Med Sch ranked first in the number of papers published, followed by Mstricht Univ and Univ Washington. In terms of journals, three of the top five co-cited journals belonged to USA, the other two journals were Neurobiol Aging and J Alzheimers DIS, which were from England and Netherlands respectively. A total of 1752 authors were identified, with Abhay P Sagare the most published and Zlokovic BV the most cited. Keyword emergence detection analysis showed that inflammation, oxidative stress, and memory were new research hot spot in this field. Overall, the research on BBB dysfunction-induced MCI is booming. In the future, cooperation and communication between different countries and institutions should be strengthened.
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Yun GS, In YN, Kang C, Park JS, You Y, Min JH, Ahn HJ, Yoo I, Kim SW, Oh SK, Lee IH, Kim DM. Development of a strategy for assessing blood-brain barrier disruption using serum S100 calcium-binding protein B and neuron-specific enolase in early stage of neuroemergencies: A preliminary study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29644. [PMID: 35839066 PMCID: PMC11132376 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid disease progression in neuroemergencies is associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. We investigated a less invasive strategy for assessing BBB status by evaluating S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) at early stages of the hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) cascade. METHODS This retrospective study used prospectively collected data from patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (August 2019-July 2021). Albumin specimens obtained from serum and cerebrospinal fluid via arterial catheter and lumbar puncture were used to measure the albumin quotient (Qa), which is widely accepted as the gold standard method for detecting BBB disruption. Serum S100B and NSE levels were measured simultaneously following the return of spontaneous circulation. We conducted linear regression to evaluate the relationship between S100B and Qa and the predictive performance of S100B for abnormal Qa. The primary study outcome was abnormal Qa (>0.007). RESULTS Forty-one patients were enrolled; 30 showed an abnormal Qa suggestive of BBB disruption. S100B levels were significantly higher than in those with a normal Qa (0.244 μg/L [interquartile range [IQR], 0.146-0.823 vs 0.754 μg/L [IQR, 0.317-2.228], P = .03). We report a positive correlation between serum S100B and Qa (R2 = 0.110; P = .04). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) evaluating the predictive performance of S100B with respect to abnormal Qa was 0.718 (95% confidence interval, 0.556-0.847). The cutoff value for S100B (with respect to BBB disruption) in the total cohort was 0.283 μg/L (sensitivity, 80.0%; specificity, 72.7%). Subgroup analyses in patients with serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels of <40.8 ng/mL (excluding those with established neuronal cell injury) showed an improved correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.382; P < .01) and predictive performance (AUROC, 0.836 [95% confidence interval, 0.629-0.954]) compared with the total cohort. CONCLUSIONS Serum S100B obtained at an early stage of the HIBI cascade is associated with abnormal Qa, suggesting BBB disruption. The predictive performance of S100B and the correlation between serum S100B and Qa can be improved using a complementary strategy (i.e., evaluations of S100B and NSE levels) that combines considerations of cell damage in astrocytes and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Su Yun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Nam In
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Changshin Kang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Soo Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonho You
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hong Min
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Joon Ahn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Insool Yoo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Whan Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Kwang Oh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ho Lee
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Mi Kim
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Pan Q, Yang X, Cao Y, Yan J, Wang Y, Tao Y, Fan R, Sun X, Li L. Selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulator attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption following traumatic brain injury by inhibiting vesicular transcytosis. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:57. [PMID: 35820896 PMCID: PMC9277863 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) provokes secondary pathological damage, such as damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), ischaemia and inflammation. Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 2a (Mfsd2a) has been demonstrated to be critical in limiting the increase in BBB vesicle transcytosis following brain injury. Recent studies suggest that a novel and selective modulator of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1), CYM-5442, maintains the integrity of the BBB by restricting vesicle transcytosis during acute ischaemic stroke. In the current study, we investigated whether CYM-5442, evaluated in a short-term study, could protect the brains of mice with acute-stage TBI by reversing the increase in vesicle transport due to reduced Mfsd2a expression after TBI. METHODS We used the well-characterized model of TBI caused by controlled cortical impact. CYM-5442 (0.3, 1, 3 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected 30 min after surgery for 7 consecutive days. To investigate the effect of CYM-5442 on vesicle transcytosis, we downregulated and upregulated Mfsd2a expression using a specific AAV prior to evaluation of the TBI model. MRI scanning, cerebral blood flow, circulating blood counts, ELISA, TEM, WB, and immunostaining evaluations were performed after brain injury. RESULTS CYM-5442 significantly attenuated neurological deficits and reduced brain oedema in TBI mice. CYM-5442 transiently suppressed lymphocyte trafficking but did not induce persistent lymphocytopenia. After TBI, the levels of Mfsd2a were decreased significantly, while the levels of CAV-1 and albumin were increased. In addition, Mfsd2a deficiency caused inadequate sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) transport in the brain parenchyma, and the regulation of BBB permeability by Mfsd2a after TBI was shown to be related to changes in vesicle transcytosis. Downregulation of Mfsd2a in mice markedly increased the BBB permeability, neurological deficit scores, and brain water contents after TBI. Intervention with CYM-5442 after TBI protected the BBB by significantly reducing the vesicle transcytosis of cerebrovascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSION In addition to transiently suppressing lymphocytes, CYM-5442 alleviated the neurological deficits, cerebral edema and protective BBB permeability in TBI mice by reducing the vesicle transcytosis of cerebrovascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neural Injury and Protection Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neural Injury and Protection Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qiuling Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neural Injury and Protection Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neural Injury and Protection Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yunchuan Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neural Injury and Protection Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neural Injury and Protection Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yingwen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neural Injury and Protection Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yihao Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Runjin Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neural Injury and Protection Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neural Injury and Protection Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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85
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Navarrete C, García-Martín A, Correa-Sáez A, Prados ME, Fernández F, Pineda R, Mazzone M, Álvarez-Benito M, Calzado MA, Muñoz E. A cannabidiol aminoquinone derivative activates the PP2A/B55α/HIF pathway and shows protective effects in a murine model of traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:177. [PMID: 35810304 PMCID: PMC9270745 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by a primary mechanical injury and a secondary injury associated with neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and neurodegeneration. We have developed a novel cannabidiol aminoquinone derivative, VCE-004.8, which is a dual PPARγ/CB2 agonist that also activates the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway. VCE-004.8 shows potent antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities and it is now in Phase II clinical trials for systemic sclerosis and multiple sclerosis. Herein, we investigated the mechanism of action of VCE-004.8 in the HIF pathway and explored its efficacy in a preclinical model of TBI. METHODS Using a phosphoproteomic approach, we investigated the effects of VCE-004.8 on prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2) posttranslational modifications. The potential role of PP2A/B55α in HIF activation was analyzed using siRNA for B55α. To evaluate the angiogenic response to the treatment with VCE-004.8 we performed a Matrigel plug in vivo assay. Transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) as well as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM), and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) tight junction protein expression were studied in brain microvascular endothelial cells. The efficacy of VCE-004.8 in vivo was evaluated in a controlled cortical impact (CCI) murine model of TBI. RESULTS Herein we provide evidence that VCE-004.8 inhibits PHD2 Ser125 phosphorylation and activates HIF through a PP2A/B55α pathway. VCE-004.8 induces angiogenesis in vivo increasing the formation of functional vessel (CD31/α-SMA) and prevents in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption ameliorating the loss of ZO-1 expression under proinflammatory conditions. In CCI model VCE-004.8 treatment ameliorates early motor deficits after TBI and attenuates cerebral edema preserving BBB integrity. Histopathological analysis revealed that VCE-004.8 treatment induces neovascularization in pericontusional area and prevented immune cell infiltration to the brain parenchyma. In addition, VCE-004.8 attenuates neuroinflammation and reduces neuronal death and apoptosis in the damaged area. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insight about the mechanism of action of VCE-004.8 regulating the PP2A/B55α/PHD2/HIF pathway. Furthermore, we show the potential efficacy for TBI treatment by preventing BBB disruption, enhancing angiogenesis, and ameliorating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration after brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alejandro Correa-Sáez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.,Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology Department, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Fernández
- FEA Radiodiagnóstico, Sección de Neurorradiología Diagnóstica. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Pineda
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.,Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology Department, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB-KULeuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Marina Álvarez-Benito
- Unidad de Radiodiagnóstico Y Cáncer de Mama, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.,Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology Department, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Muñoz
- Emerald Health Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, USA. .,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain. .,Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology Department, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain. .,Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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86
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Wei T, Zhou M, Gu L, Zhou Y, Li M. How Shockwaves Open Tight Junctions of Blood–Brain Barrier: Comparison of Three Biomechanical Effects. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:5094-5102. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c02903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Lingzhi Gu
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering and Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
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87
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What Are We Measuring? A Refined Look at the Process of Disrupted Autoregulation and the Limitations of Cerebral Perfusion Pressure in Preventing Secondary Injury after Traumatic Brain Injury. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 221:107389. [PMID: 35961231 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Shahim P, Zetterberg H, Simren J, Ashton NJ, Norato G, Schöll M, Tegner Y, Diaz-Arrastia R, Blennow K. Association of Plasma Biomarker Levels With Their CSF Concentration and the Number and Severity of Concussions in Professional Athletes. Neurology 2022; 99:e347-e354. [PMID: 35654597 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the brain biomarkers total-tau (T-tau), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and β-amyloid (Aβ) isomers 40 and 42 in plasma relate to the corresponding concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood-brain barrier integrity, and duration of post-concussion syndrome (PCS) due to repetitive head impacts (RHI) in professional athletes. METHOD In this cross-sectional study, professional athletes with persistent PCS due to RHI (median of 1.5 years after recent concussion) and uninjured controls were assessed with blood and CSF sampling. The diagnosis of PCS was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition). The athletes were enrolled through information flyers about the study sent to the Swedish hockey league (SHL) and the SHL Medicine Committee. The controls were enrolled through flyers at University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden. The participants underwent lumbar puncture and blood assessment at Sahlgrenska University Hospital. The main outcome measures were history of RHI and PCS severity (PCS> 1 year versus PCS< 1 year) in relation to plasma and CSF concentrations of T-tau, GFAP, Aβ40, and Aβ42. Plasma T-tau, GFAP, Aβ40, and Aβ42 were quantified using an ultrasensitive assay technology. RESULTS A total of 47 participants (28 athletes [median age 28 years, range 18-52] with persistent PCS, due to RHI and 19 controls [median age, 25 years, range 21-35]) underwent paired blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling. T-tau, Aβ40 and Aβ42 concentrations measured in plasma did not correlate with the corresponding CSF concentrations, while there was a correlation between plasma and CSF levels of GFAP (r=0.45, p=0.020). There were no significant relationships between plasma T-tau, GFAP, and blood-brain barrier integrity as measured by CSF:serum albumin ratio. T-tau, GFAP, Aβ40, and Aβ42 measured in plasma did not relate to PCS severity. None of the markers measured in plasma correlated with number of concussions, except decreased Aβ42 in those with higher number of concussions (r=-0.40, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS T-tau, GFAP, Aβ40 and Aβ42 measured in plasma do not correspond to CSF measures, and may have limited utility for the evaluation of the late effects of RHI, compared with when measured in CSF. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class III evidence that in professional athletes with post-concussion symptoms, plasma concentrations of T-tau, GFAP, Aβ40, and Aβ42 are not informative in the diagnosis of late effects of repetitive head injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pashtun Shahim
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden .,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Rehabilitation Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Joel Simren
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Institute Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Gina Norato
- Clinical Trials Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Schöll
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yelverton Tegner
- Division of Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Health Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ramon Diaz-Arrastia
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
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Chen X, Pang X, Yeo AJ, Xie S, Xiang M, Shi B, Yu G, Li C. The Molecular Mechanisms of Ferroptosis and Its Role in Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:889765. [PMID: 35663422 PMCID: PMC9160190 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.889765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selective, semi-permeable layer of endothelial cells that protects the central nervous system from harmful substances circulating in blood. It is one of the important barriers of the nervous system. BBB dysfunction is an early pathophysiological change observed in nervous system diseases. There are few treatments for BBB dysfunction, so this motivates the review. Ferroptosis is a novel cell death mode caused by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation accumulation, which has recently attracted more attention due to its possible role in nervous system disorders. Studies have shown that lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation are related to the barrier dysfunction, especially the expression of tight junction proteins. Therefore, examination of the relationship between ferroptosis and BBB dysfunction may reveal new targets for the treatment of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Chen
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinru Pang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Abrey J. Yeo
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Siwen Xie
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Mengting Xiang
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Gongchang Yu
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Gongchang Yu,
| | - Chao Li
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Chao Li,
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Huang J, Lan H, Xie C, Wei C, Liu Z, Huang Z, Zhou Z, Chen L. Pramipexole Protects Against Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Dysfunction. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:1020-1028. [PMID: 35524855 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a severe disease of brain damage accompanied by blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. The BBB is composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), astrocyte terminus, pericytes, and a basement membrane. Tight junction proteins expressed by BMECs play important roles in preserving BBB integrity. Pramipexole is a selective dopamine agonist applied for treating Parkinson's disease and has been recently claimed with neuroprotective capacity. This study will further explore the impact of Pramipexole on tight junctions and BBB integrity to provide the potential treatment strategy for TBI-induced BBB damage. The TBI model was established in mice and was identified by the promoted brain water content, declined Garcia scores, reduced latency of the rotarod test, aggravated pathological changes in the brain cortex, and excessively released inflammatory factors. After treatment with Pramipexole, the neurofunctional deficits, behavioral disability, and aggravated pathological changes were dramatically reversed, accompanied by the alleviated BBB permeability, and upregulated occludin, an important tight junction protein. TBI model cells were established by the scratching bEnd.3 cells method. Cells were stimulated with 10 and 20 μM Pramipexole, followed by exposure to TBI. Increased fluorescence intensity of FITC-dextran, reduced value of TEER, and downregulated occludin and KLF2 were observed in TBI-exposed cells, all of which were greatly reversed by 10 and 20 μM Pramipexole. Furthermore, in KLF2-silenced bEnd.3 cells, the protective ability of Pramipexole against endothelial permeability and the expression level of occludin were dramatically abolished. Collectively, our results suggest that Pramipexole protected against TBI-induced BBB dysfunction by mediating KLF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Huan Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Changji Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Chengcong Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhixi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511500, Guangdong, China.
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91
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A Calixarene Assembly Strategy of Combined Anti-Neuroinflammation and Drug Delivery Functions for Traumatic Brain Injury Therapy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092967. [PMID: 35566317 PMCID: PMC9101726 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive inflammatory reaction aggravates brain injury and hinders the recovery of neural function in nervous system diseases. Microglia, as the major players of neuroinflammation, control the progress of the disease. There is an urgent need for effective non-invasive therapy to treat neuroinflammation mediated by microglia. However, the lack of specificity of anti-inflammatory agents and insufficient drug dose penetrating into the brain lesion area are the main problems. Here, we evaluated a series of calixarenes and found that among them the self-assembling architecture of amphiphilic sulfonatocalix[8]arene (SC8A12C) had the most potent ability to suppress neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, SC8A12C assemblies were internalized into microglia through macropinocytosis. In addition, after applying the SC8A12C assemblies to the exposed brain tissue, we observed that SC8A12C assemblies penetrated into the brain parenchyma and eliminated the inflammatory factor storm, thereby restoring neurobiological functions in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.
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92
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Tabor JB, McCrea MA, Meier TB, Emery CA, Debert CT. Hiding in Plain Sight: Factors Influencing the Neuroinflammatory Response to Sport-Related Concussion. Neurotrauma Rep 2022; 3:200-206. [PMID: 35734393 PMCID: PMC9153987 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2021.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a major concern among athletes and clinicians around the world. Research into fluid biomarkers of SRC has made significant progress in understanding the complex underlying pathophysiology of concussion. However, little headway has been made toward clinically validating any biomarkers to improve the clinical management of SRC. A major obstacle toward clinical translation of any fluid biomarker is the heterogeneity of SRC overlapping with multiple physiological systems involved in pathology and recovery. Neuroinflammation post-SRC is one such system that may confound fluid biomarker data on many fronts. Neuroinflammatory processes consist of cell mediators, both within the central nervous system and the periphery, that play vital roles in regulating the response to brain injury. Further, neuroinflammation is influenced by many biopsychosocial variables present in most athletic populations. In this commentary, we propose that future fluid biomarker research should take a systems biology approach in the context of the neuroinflammatory response to SRC. We highlight how biological variables, such as age, sex, immune challenges, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis responses to stress, may alter neuroinflammation. Further, we underscore the importance of accounting for health and lifestyle variables, such as diet, exercise, sleep, and pre-morbid medical factors, when measuring inflammatory markers of SRC. To successfully move toward clinical translation, fluid biomarker research should take a more holistic approach in study design and data interpretation, collecting information on hidden variables that may be influencing the neuroinflammatory response to SRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason B. Tabor
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael A. McCrea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Timothy B. Meier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Carolyn A. Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chantel T. Debert
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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93
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Meier TB, Savitz J. The Kynurenine Pathway in Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications for Psychiatric Outcomes. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:449-458. [PMID: 34266671 PMCID: PMC8630076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an established risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorders, especially depression and anxiety. However, the mechanistic pathways underlying this risk remain unclear, limiting treatment options and hindering the identification of clinically useful biomarkers. One salient pathophysiological process implicated in both primary psychiatric disorders and TBI is inflammation. An important consequence of inflammation is the increased breakdown of tryptophan to kynurenine and, subsequently, the metabolism of kynurenine into several neuroactive metabolites, including the neurotoxic NMDA receptor agonist quinolinic acid and the neuroprotective NMDA receptor antagonist kynurenic acid. Here, we review studies of the kynurenine pathway (KP) in TBI and examine their potential clinical implications. The weight of the literature suggests that there is increased production of neurotoxic kynurenines such as quinolinic acid in TBI of all severities and that elevated quinolinic acid concentrations in both the cerebrospinal fluid and blood are a negative prognostic indicator, being associated with death, magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities, increased depressive and anxiety symptoms, and prolonged recovery. We hypothesize that an imbalance in KP metabolism is also one molecular pathway through which the TBI-induced neurometabolic cascade may predispose to the development of psychiatric sequelae. If this model is correct, KP metabolites could serve to predict who is likely to develop psychiatric illness while drugs that target the KP could help to prevent or treat depression and anxiety arising in the context of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy B. Meier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,Corresponding author: Timothy Meier, PhD, 414-955-7310, , Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Jonathan Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma,Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma
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94
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Shahim P, Zetterberg H. Neurochemical Markers of Traumatic Brain Injury: Relevance to Acute Diagnostics, Disease Monitoring, and Neuropsychiatric Outcome Prediction. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:405-412. [PMID: 34857362 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Considerable advancements have been made in the quantification of biofluid-based biomarkers for traumatic brain injury (TBI), which provide a clinically accessible window to investigate disease mechanisms and progression. Methods with improved analytical sensitivity compared with standard immunoassays are increasingly used, and blood tests are being used in the diagnosis, monitoring, and outcome prediction of TBI. Most work to date has focused on acute TBI diagnostics, while the literature on biomarkers for long-term sequelae is relatively scarce. In this review, we give an update on the latest developments in biofluid-based biomarker research in TBI and discuss how acute and prolonged biomarker changes can be used to detect and quantify brain injury and predict clinical outcome and neuropsychiatric sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pashtun Shahim
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Rehabilitation Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China.
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95
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Ye X, Schreck KC, Ozer BH, Grossman SA. High-grade glioma therapy: adding flexibility in trial design to improve patient outcomes. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2022; 22:275-287. [PMID: 35130447 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2038138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Outcomes for patients with high grade gliomas have changed little over the past thirty years. This realization prompted renewed efforts to increase flexibility in the design and conduct of clinical brain tumor trials. AREAS COVERED This manuscript reviews the development of clinical trial methods, challenges and considerations of flexible clinical trial designs, approaches to improve identification and testing of active agents for high grade gliomas, and evaluation of their delivery to the central nervous system. EXPERT OPINION Flexibility can be introduced in clinical trials in several ways. Flexible designs tout smaller sample sizes, adaptive modifications, fewer control arms, and inclusion of multiple arms in one study. Unfortunately, modifications in study designs cannot address two challenges that are largely responsible for the lack of progress in treating high grade gliomas: 1) the identification of active pharmaceutical agents and 2) the delivery of these agents to brain tumor tissue in therapeutic concentrations. To improve the outcomes of patients with high grade gliomas efforts must be focused on the pre-clinical screening of drugs for activity, the ability of these agents to achieve therapeutic concentrations in non-enhancing tumors, and a willingness to introduce novel compounds in minimally pre-treated patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobu Ye
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Karisa C Schreck
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Byram H Ozer
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Stuart A Grossman
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore MD, USA
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96
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Kong LZ, Zhang RL, Hu SH, Lai JB. Military traumatic brain injury: a challenge straddling neurology and psychiatry. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:2. [PMID: 34991734 PMCID: PMC8740337 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-021-00363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Military psychiatry, a new subcategory of psychiatry, has become an invaluable, intangible effect of the war. In this review, we begin by examining related military research, summarizing the related epidemiological data, neuropathology, and the research achievements of diagnosis and treatment technology, and discussing its comorbidity and sequelae. To date, advances in neuroimaging and molecular biology have greatly boosted the studies on military traumatic brain injury (TBI). In particular, in terms of pathophysiological mechanisms, several preclinical studies have identified abnormal protein accumulation, blood-brain barrier damage, and brain metabolism abnormalities involved in the development of TBI. As an important concept in the field of psychiatry, TBI is based on organic injury, which is largely different from many other mental disorders. Therefore, military TBI is both neuropathic and psychopathic, and is an emerging challenge at the intersection of neurology and psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zhuo Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Rui-Li Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shao-Hua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Jian-Bo Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou, 310003, China. .,MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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97
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Zhang Y, Huang Z, Xia H, Xiong J, Ma X, Liu C. The benefits of exercise for outcome improvement following traumatic brain injury: Evidence, pitfalls and future perspectives. Exp Neurol 2021; 349:113958. [PMID: 34951984 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as a silent epidemic, is currently a substantial public health problem worldwide. Given the increased energy demands following brain injury, relevant guidelines tend to recommend absolute physical and cognitive rest for patients post-TBI. Nevertheless, recent evidence suggests that strict rest does not provide additional benefits to patients' recovery. By contrast, as a cost-effective non-pharmacological therapy, exercise has shown promise for enhancing functional outcomes after injury. This article summarizes the most recent evidence supporting the beneficial effects of exercise on TBI outcomes, focusing on the efficacy of exercise for cognitive recovery after injury and its potential mechanisms. Available evidence demonstrates the potential of exercise in improving cognitive impairment, mood disorders, and post-concussion syndrome following TBI. However, the clinical application for exercise rehabilitation in TBI remains challenging, particularly due to the inadequacy of the existing clinical evaluation system. Also, a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms whereby exercise promotes its most beneficial effects post-TBI will aid in the development of new clinical strategies to best benefit of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhang
- Cognitive & Sports Neuroscience Laboratory, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Sports Science Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhihai Huang
- Cognitive & Sports Neuroscience Laboratory, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Sports Science Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Honglin Xia
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Cognitive & Sports Neuroscience Laboratory, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Sports Science Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Cognitive & Sports Neuroscience Laboratory, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Sports Science Education, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Chengyi Liu
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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98
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Hu Y, Tao W. Microenvironmental Variations After Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:750810. [PMID: 34899180 PMCID: PMC8662751 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.750810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is linked to several pathologies. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is considered to be one of the initial changes. Further, the microenvironmental alteration following TBI-induced BBB breakdown can be multi-scaled, constant, and dramatic. The microenvironmental variations after disruption of BBB includes several pathological changes, such as cerebral blood flow (CBF) alteration, brain edema, cerebral metabolism imbalances, and accumulation of inflammatory molecules. The modulation of the microenvironment presents attractive targets for TBI recovery, such as reducing toxic substances, inhibiting inflammation, and promoting neurogenesis. Herein, we briefly review the pathological alterations of the microenvironmental changes following BBB breakdown and outline potential interventions for TBI recovery based on microenvironmental modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Tao
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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99
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Chai Y, Zhao H, Yang S, Gao X, Cao Z, Lu J, Sun Q, Liu W, Zhang Z, Yang J, Wang X, Chen T, Kong X, Mikos AG, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Structural alignment guides oriented migration and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells for neurogenesis in brain injury treatment. Biomaterials 2021; 280:121310. [PMID: 34890972 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Radial glia (RG) cells that align in parallel in the embryonic brain are found to be able to guide the directed migration of neurons in response to brain injury. Therefore, biomaterials with aligned architectures are supposed to have positive effects on neural migration and neurogenic differentiation for brain injury repair that are rarely addressed, although they have been widely demonstrated in spinal cord and peripheral nerve system. Here, we present a highly biomimetic scaffold of aligned fibrin hydrogel (AFG) that mimics the oriented structure of RG fibers. Through a combination of histological, behavioral, imaging, and transcriptomic analyses, we demonstrated that transplanting the AFG scaffold into injured cortical brains promotes effective migration, differentiation, and maturation of endogenous neural stem cells, resulting in neurological functional recovery. Therefore, this study will light up a new perspective on applying an aligned scaffold to promote cortical regeneration after injury by inducing endogenous neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chai
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100040, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 160, Pujian Road, District Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - He Zhao
- Department of orthopacdic III, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaohan Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100040, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiaju Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Qingling Sun
- Department of orthopacdic III, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xuelin Wang
- School of Medical Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tuoyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100040, China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 160, Pujian Road, District Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100040, China.
| | - Xiumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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100
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Yuan M, Wu H. Astrocytes in the Traumatic Brain Injury: the Good and the Bad. Exp Neurol 2021; 348:113943. [PMID: 34863998 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes control many processes of the nervous system in health and disease, and respond to injury quickly. Astrocytes produce neuroprotective factors in the injured brain to clear cellular debris and to orchestrate neurorestorative processes that are beneficial for neurological recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, astrocytes also become dysregulated and produce cytotoxic mediators that hinder CNS repair by induction of neuronal dysfunction and cell death. Hence, we discuss the potential role of astrocytes in neuropathological processes such as neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and blood-brain barrier repair after TBI. Thus, an improved understanding of the dual role of astrocytes may advance our knowledge of post-brain injury recovery, and provide opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Yuan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 100850 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR), 102206 Beijing, China.
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