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Small-molecule enhancers of CRISPR-induced homology-directed repair in gene therapy: A medicinal chemist's perspective. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:2510-2525. [PMID: 35738528 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR technologies are increasingly being investigated and utilized for the treatment of human genetic diseases via genome editing. CRISPR-Cas9 first generates a targeted DNA double-stranded break, and a functional gene can then be introduced to replace the defective copy in a precise manner by templated repair via the homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway. However, this is challenging owing to the relatively low efficiency of the HDR pathway compared with a rival random repair pathway known as non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Small molecules can be employed to increase the efficiency of HDR and decrease that of NHEJ to improve the efficiency of precise knock-in genome editing. This review discusses the potential usage of such small molecules in the context of gene therapy and their drug-likeness, from a medicinal chemist's perspective.
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52
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Labrie M, Brugge JS, Mills GB, Zervantonakis IK. Therapy resistance: opportunities created by adaptive responses to targeted therapies in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:323-339. [PMID: 35264777 PMCID: PMC9149051 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00454-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Normal cells explore multiple states to survive stresses encountered during development and self-renewal as well as environmental stresses such as starvation, DNA damage, toxins or infection. Cancer cells co-opt normal stress mitigation pathways to survive stresses that accompany tumour initiation, progression, metastasis and immune evasion. Cancer therapies accentuate cancer cell stresses and invoke rapid non-genomic stress mitigation processes that maintain cell viability and thus represent key targetable resistance mechanisms. In this Review, we describe mechanisms by which tumour ecosystems, including cancer cells, immune cells and stroma, adapt to therapeutic stresses and describe three different approaches to exploit stress mitigation processes: (1) interdict stress mitigation to induce cell death; (2) increase stress to induce cellular catastrophe; and (3) exploit emergent vulnerabilities in cancer cells and cells of the tumour microenvironment. We review challenges associated with tumour heterogeneity, prioritizing actionable adaptive responses for optimal therapeutic outcomes, and development of an integrative framework to identify and target vulnerabilities that arise from adaptive responses and engagement of stress mitigation pathways. Finally, we discuss the need to monitor adaptive responses across multiple scales and translation of combination therapies designed to take advantage of adaptive responses and stress mitigation pathways to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyne Labrie
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Joan S Brugge
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ludwig Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ioannis K Zervantonakis
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Utsunomiya A, Izutsu K, Jo T, Yoshida S, Tsukasaki K, Ando K, Choi I, Imaizumi Y, Kato K, Kurosawa M, Kusumoto S, Miyagi T, Ohtsuka E, Sasaki O, Shibayama H, Shimoda K, Takamatsu Y, Takano K, Yonekura K, Makita S, Taguchi J, Gillings M, Onogi H, Tobinai K. Oral HDAC Inhibitor Tucidinostat (HBI-8000) in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: Phase IIb Results. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2778-2787. [PMID: 35579212 PMCID: PMC9357668 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This multicenter, prospective phase IIb trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of tucidinostat (HBI‐8000) in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) was undertaken in Japan. Eligible patients had R/R ATLL and had failed standard of care treatment with chemotherapy and with mogamulizumab. Twenty‐three patients received tucidinostat 40 mg orally twice per week and were included in efficacy and safety analyses. The primary end‐point was objective response rate (ORR) assessed by an independent committee. The ORR was 30.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.2, 52.9]. Median progression‐free survival was 1.7 months (95% CI, 0.8, 7.4), median duration of response was 9.2 months (95% CI, 2.6, not reached), and median overall survival was 7.9 months (95% CI, 2.3, 18.0). All patients experienced adverse events (AEs), which were predominantly hematologic and gastrointestinal. Incidence of grade 3 or higher AEs was 78.3%; most were laboratory abnormalities (decreases in platelets, neutrophils, white blood cells, and hemoglobin). Tucidinostat was well tolerated with AEs that could be mostly managed with supportive care and dose modifications. Tucidinostat is a meaningful treatment option for R/R ATLL patients; further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atae Utsunomiya
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Koji Izutsu
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Jo
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yoshida
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsukasaki
- Department of Hematology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ando
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokai University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ilseung Choi
- Department of Hematology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Koji Kato
- Department of Hematology, Oncology & Cardiovascular medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Shigeru Kusumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyagi
- Department of Hematology, Heartlife Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ohtsuka
- Department of Hematology, Oita Prefectural Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Osamu Sasaki
- Division of Hematology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Shibayama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimoda
- Division of Hematology, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yasushi Takamatsu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kuniko Takano
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Hospital, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yonekura
- Department of Dermatology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shinichi Makita
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Taguchi
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Kensei Tobinai
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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54
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Rahbari R, Rasmi Y, Khadem-Ansari MH, Abdi M. The role of histone deacetylase 3 in breast cancer. Med Oncol 2022; 39:84. [PMID: 35578147 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It has been recently revealed that Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) 3, a unique member of the HDACs family, can trigger and progress cancers by alternation in genes expression and proteins activity. Epigenetic modifications by HDACs have been studied well in various cancer cells. Recent studies have focused on the HDAC enzymes as a possible target in cancer therapy. There are significant documents on upregulation of HDAC3 in breast cancer (BC) cells which suggest an oncogenic role for this enzyme. Interestingly, some studies showed that HDAC3 inhibition could be considered as a promising target in breast cancer therapy, and thus far, several inhibitors from different nature have been introduced. In this review, we discussed the function and highlight the existing inhibitors of HDAC3 in BC pathogenesis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezgar Rahbari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yousef Rasmi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Abdi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. .,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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Elfiky AMI, Ghiboub M, Li Yim AYF, Hageman IL, Verhoeff J, de Krijger M, van Hamersveld PHP, Welting O, Admiraal I, Rahman S, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Wildenberg ME, Tomlinson L, Gregory R, Rioja I, Prinjha RK, Furze RC, Lewis HD, Mander PK, Heinsbroek SEM, Bell MJ, de Jonge WJ. Carboxylesterase-1 Assisted Targeting of HDAC Inhibitors to Mononuclear Myeloid Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:668-681. [PMID: 34633041 PMCID: PMC9089418 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Histone deacetylase inhibitors [HDACi] exert potent anti-inflammatory effects. Because of the ubiquitous expression of HDACs, clinical utility of HDACi is limited by off-target effects. Esterase-sensitive motif [ESM] technology aims to deliver ESM-conjugated compounds to human mononuclear myeloid cells, based on their expression of carboxylesterase 1 [CES1]. This study aims to investigate utility of an ESM-tagged HDACi in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. METHODS CES1 expression was assessed in human blood, in vitro differentiated macrophage and dendritic cells, and Crohn's disease [CD] colon mucosa, by mass cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction [PCR], and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. ESM-HDAC528 intracellular retention was evaluated by mass spectrometry. Clinical efficacy of ESM-HDAC528 was tested in dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]-induced colitis and T cell transfer colitis models using transgenic mice expressing human CES1 under the CD68 promoter. RESULTS CES1 mRNA was highly expressed in human blood CD14+ monocytes, in vitro differentiated and lipopolysaccharide [LPS]-stimulated macrophages, and dendritic cells. Specific hydrolysis and intracellular retention of ESM-HDAC528 in CES1+ cells was demonstrated. ESM-HDAC528 inhibited LPS-stimulated IL-6 and TNF-α production 1000 times more potently than its control, HDAC800, in CES1high monocytes. In healthy donor peripheral blood, CES1 expression was significantly higher in CD14++CD16- monocytes compared with CD14+CD16++ monocytes. In CD-inflamed colon, a higher number of mucosal CD68+ macrophages expressed CES1 compared with non-inflamed mucosa. In vivo, ESM-HDAC528 reduced monocyte differentiation in the colon and significantly improved colitis in a T cell transfer model, while having limited potential in ameliorating DSS-induced colitis. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that monocytes and inflammatory macrophages specifically express CES1, and can be preferentially targeted by ESM-HDAC528 to achieve therapeutic benefit in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M I Elfiky
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Mohammed Ghiboub
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Andrew Y F Li Yim
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ishtu L Hageman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon de Krijger
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia H P van Hamersveld
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Welting
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Admiraal
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shafaque Rahman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon E Wildenberg
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Tomlinson
- Discovery DMPK, IVIVT, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Richard Gregory
- Discovery DMPK, IVIVT, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Inmaculada Rioja
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Rebecca C Furze
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Huw D Lewis
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | | | - Sigrid E M Heinsbroek
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J Bell
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Wouter J de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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56
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Geurs S, Clarisse D, Baele F, Franceus J, Desmet T, De Bosscher K, D'hooghe M. Identification of mercaptoacetamide-based HDAC6 inhibitors via a lean inhibitor strategy: screening, synthesis, and biological evaluation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6239-6242. [PMID: 35510683 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-selective inhibition of different histone deacetylase enzymes by hydroxamic acid-based drugs causes severe side effects when used as a (long-term) cancer treatment. In this work, we searched for a potent zinc-binding group able to replace the contested hydroxamic acid by employing a lean inhibitor strategy. This instructed the synthesis of a set of HDAC6-selective inhibitors containing the more desirable mercaptoacetamide moiety. Biological evaluation of these new compounds showed an IC50 in the nanomolar range, dose-dependent HDAC6 inhibition in MM1.S cells and improved genotoxicity results, rendering these new inhibitors valuable hits for applications even beyond oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Geurs
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. .,Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Dorien Clarisse
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Freya Baele
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jorick Franceus
- Center for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- Center for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Translational Nuclear Receptor Research, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, FSVMII, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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57
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Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity relationships of Evodiamine-Based topoisomerase (Top)/Histone deacetylase (HDAC) dual inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 122:105702. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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58
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Zinc-dependent histone deacetylases: Potential therapeutic targets for arterial hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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59
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Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and phase 1a study of bisthianostat, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1091-1099. [PMID: 34341512 PMCID: PMC8976035 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00728-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) have been intensively studied for their roles and potential as drug targets in T-cell lymphomas and other hematologic malignancies. Bisthianostat is a novel bisthiazole-based pan-HDACi evolved from natural HDACi largazole. Here, we report the preclinical study of bisthianostat alone and in combination with bortezomib in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), as well as preliminary first-in-human findings from an ongoing phase 1a study. Bisthianostat dose dependently induced acetylation of tubulin and H3 and increased PARP cleavage and apoptosis in RPMI-8226 cells. In RPMI-8226 and MM.1S cell xenograft mouse models, oral administration of bisthianostat (50, 75, 100 mg·kg-1·d-1, bid) for 18 days dose dependently inhibited tumor growth. Furthermore, bisthianostat in combination with bortezomib displayed synergistic antitumor effect against RPMI-8226 and MM.1S cell in vitro and in vivo. Preclinical pharmacokinetic study showed bisthianostat was quickly absorbed with moderate oral bioavailability (F% = 16.9%–35.5%). Bisthianostat tended to distribute in blood with Vss value of 0.31 L/kg. This distribution parameter might be beneficial to treat hematologic neoplasms such as MM with few side effects. In an ongoing phase 1a study, bisthianostat treatment was well tolerated and no grade 3/4 nonhematological adverse events (AEs) had occurred together with good pharmacokinetics profiles in eight patients with relapsed or refractory MM (R/R MM). The overall single-agent efficacy was modest, stable disease (SD) was identified in four (50%) patients at the end of first dosing cycle (day 28). These preliminary in-patient results suggest that bisthianostat is a promising HDACi drug with a comparable safety window in R/R MM, supporting for its further phase 1b clinical trial in combination with traditional MM therapies.
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60
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Zylla JLS, Hoffman MM, Plesselova S, Bhattacharya S, Calar K, Afeworki Y, de la Puente P, Gnimpieba EZ, Miskimins WK, Messerli SM. Reduction of Metastasis via Epigenetic Modulation in a Murine Model of Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071753. [PMID: 35406526 PMCID: PMC8996906 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of a dual selective Class I histone deacetylase (HDAC)/lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (LSD1) inhibitor known as 4SC-202 (Domatinostat) on tumor growth and metastasis in a highly metastatic murine model of Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). 4SC-202 is cytotoxic and cytostatic to the TNBC murine cell line 4T1 and the human TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231; the drug does not kill the normal breast epithelial cell line MCF10A. Furthermore, 4SC-202 reduces cancer cell migration. In vivo studies conducted in the syngeneic 4T1 model, which closely mimics human TNBC in terms of sites of metastasis, reveal reduced tumor burden and lung metastasis. The mechanism of action of 4SC-202 may involve effects on cancer stem cells (CSC) which can self-renew and form metastatic lesions. Approximately 5% of the total 4T1 cell population grown in three-dimensional scaffolds had a distinct CD44high/CD24low CSC profile which decreased after treatment. Bulk transcriptome (RNA) sequencing analyses of 4T1 tumors reveal changes in metastasis-related pathways in 4SC-202-treated tumors, including changes to expression levels of genes implicated in cell migration and cell motility. In summary, 4SC-202 treatment of tumors from a highly metastatic murine model of TNBC reduces metastasis and warrants further preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. S. Zylla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA; (J.L.S.Z.); (M.M.H.); (E.Z.G.)
- 2-Dimensional Materials for Biofilm Engineering Science and Technology (2DBEST) Center, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Mariah M. Hoffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA; (J.L.S.Z.); (M.M.H.); (E.Z.G.)
- 2-Dimensional Materials for Biofilm Engineering Science and Technology (2DBEST) Center, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Simona Plesselova
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (S.P.); (S.B.); (K.C.); (P.d.l.P.); (W.K.M.)
| | - Somshuvra Bhattacharya
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (S.P.); (S.B.); (K.C.); (P.d.l.P.); (W.K.M.)
| | - Kristin Calar
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (S.P.); (S.B.); (K.C.); (P.d.l.P.); (W.K.M.)
| | - Yohannes Afeworki
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA;
| | - Pilar de la Puente
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (S.P.); (S.B.); (K.C.); (P.d.l.P.); (W.K.M.)
- Department of Surgery, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA
| | - Etienne Z. Gnimpieba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA; (J.L.S.Z.); (M.M.H.); (E.Z.G.)
- 2-Dimensional Materials for Biofilm Engineering Science and Technology (2DBEST) Center, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - W. Keith Miskimins
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (S.P.); (S.B.); (K.C.); (P.d.l.P.); (W.K.M.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA
| | - Shanta M. Messerli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA; (J.L.S.Z.); (M.M.H.); (E.Z.G.)
- 2-Dimensional Materials for Biofilm Engineering Science and Technology (2DBEST) Center, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
- Cancer Biology & Immunotherapies, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; (S.P.); (S.B.); (K.C.); (P.d.l.P.); (W.K.M.)
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA
- Correspondence:
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61
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Clauß O, Schäker-Hübner L, Wenzel B, Toussaint M, Deuther-Conrad W, Gündel D, Teodoro R, Dukić-Stefanović S, Ludwig FA, Kopka K, Brust P, Hansen FK, Scheunemann M. Development and Biological Evaluation of the First Highly Potent and Specific Benzamide-Based Radiotracer [ 18F]BA3 for Imaging of Histone Deacetylases 1 and 2 in Brain. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030324. [PMID: 35337122 PMCID: PMC8950173 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The degree of acetylation of lysine residues on histones influences the accessibility of DNA and, furthermore, the gene expression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are overexpressed in various tumour diseases, resulting in the interest in HDAC inhibitors for cancer therapy. The aim of this work is the development of a novel 18F-labelled HDAC1/2-specific inhibitor with a benzamide-based zinc-binding group to visualize these enzymes in brain tumours by positron emission tomography (PET). BA3, exhibiting high inhibitory potency for HDAC1 (IC50 = 4.8 nM) and HDAC2 (IC50 = 39.9 nM), and specificity towards HDAC3 and HDAC6 (specificity ratios >230 and >2080, respectively), was selected for radiofluorination. The two-step one-pot radiosynthesis of [18F]BA3 was performed in a TRACERlab FX2 N radiosynthesizer by a nucleophilic aliphatic substitution reaction. The automated radiosynthesis of [18F]BA3 resulted in a radiochemical yield of 1%, a radiochemical purity of >96% and a molar activity between 21 and 51 GBq/µmol (n = 5, EOS). For the characterization of BA3, in vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out. The results of these pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies indicate a suitable inhibitory potency of BA3, whereas the applicability for non-invasive imaging of HDAC1/2 by PET requires further optimization of the properties of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Clauß
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: (O.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Linda Schäker-Hübner
- Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (L.S.-H.); (F.K.H.)
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Barbara Wenzel
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Magali Toussaint
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Daniel Gündel
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Rodrigo Teodoro
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Sladjana Dukić-Stefanović
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Friedrich-Alexander Ludwig
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Finn K. Hansen
- Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; (L.S.-H.); (F.K.H.)
| | - Matthias Scheunemann
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (B.W.); (M.T.); (W.D.-C.); (D.G.); (R.T.); (S.D.-S.); (F.-A.L.); (K.K.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: (O.C.); (M.S.)
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Sixto-López Y, Correa-Basurto J. HDAC inhibition as neuroprotection in COVID-19 infection. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1369-1378. [PMID: 35240959 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220303113445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is responsible of COVID-19 affecting millions of humans around the world. COVID-19 shows diverse clinical symptoms (fever, cough, fatigue, diarrhea, body aches, headaches, anosmia and hyposmia). Approximately 30% of the patients with COVID-19 showed neurological symptoms, these going from mild to severe manifestations including headache, dizziness, impaired consciousness, encephalopathy, anosmia, hypogeusia, hyposmia, psychology and psychiatry among others. The neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 virus explains its neuroinvasion provoking neurological damage as acute demyelination, neuroinflammation etc. At molecular level, the COVID-19 patients had higher levels of cytokines and chemokines known as cytokines storms which disrupt the blood brain barrier allowing the entrance of monocytes and lymphocytes causing neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and demyelination. In addition, ischemic, hemorrhagic strokes, seizures and encephalopathy have been observed due to the proinflammatory cytokines. In this sense, to avoid or decrease neurological damage due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, an early neuroprotective management should be adopted. Several approaches can be used; one of them includes the use of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) due to their neuroprotective effects. Also, the HDACi down regulates the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF- decreasing the neurotoxicity. HDACi can also avoid and prevent the entrance of the virus into the Central nervous System (CNS) as well as decrease the virus replication by downregulating the virus receptors. Here we review the mechanisms that could explain how the SARS-CoV-2 virus could reach the CNS, induce the neurological damage and symptoms, as well as the possibility to use HDACi as neuroprotective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudibeth Sixto-López
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation), Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón S/N, Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation), Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón S/N, Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
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63
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Wu S, Huang Y, Wang T, Li K, Lu J, Huang M, Dong G, Sheng C. Evodiamine-Inspired Topoisomerase-Histone Deacetylase Dual Inhibitors: Novel Orally Active Antitumor Agents for Leukemia Therapy. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4818-4831. [PMID: 35238576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the synergism of topoisomerase (Top) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in antitumor therapy, a series of novel Top/HDAC dual inhibitors were designed and synthesized by the pharmacophore fusion strategy. After systematic structure-activity relationship studies, lead compound 16j was identified to simultaneously inhibit both Top and HDAC with good potency, which showed potent antiproliferative activities with a broad spectrum. Mechanistic studies indicated that compound 16j efficiently induced apoptosis with S cell-cycle arrest in HEL cancer cells. It was orally active in HEL xenograft models and exhibited excellent in vivo antitumor efficacy (TGI = 68.5%; 10 mg/kg). Altogether, this work highlights the therapeutic potential of evodiamine-inspired Top/HDAC dual inhibitors and provides a valuable lead compound for the development of novel antitumor agents for leukemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanchao Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yahui Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Keliang Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junjie Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Min Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoqiang Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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64
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Belayet JB, Beamish S, Rahaman M, Alanani S, Virdi RS, Frick DN, Rahman AFMT, Ulicki JS, Biswas S, Arnold LA, Roni MSR, Cheng EY, Steeber DA, Frick KM, Hossain MM. Development of a Novel, Small-Molecule Brain-Penetrant Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor That Enhances Spatial Memory Formation in Mice. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3388-3403. [PMID: 35133171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Histone acetylation is a prominent epigenetic modification linked to the memory loss symptoms associated with neurodegenerative disease. The use of existing histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) drugs for treatment is precluded by their weak blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and undesirable toxicity. Here, we address these shortcomings by developing a new class of disulfide-based compounds, inspired by the scaffold of the FDA-approved HDACi romidepsin (FK288). Our findings indicate that our novel compound MJM-1 increases the overall level of histone 3 (H3) acetylation in a prostate cancer cell line. In mice, MJM-1 injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) crossed the BBB and could be detected in the hippocampus, a brain region that mediates memory. Consistent with this finding, we found that the post-training i.p. administration of MJM-1 enhanced hippocampus-dependent spatial memory consolidation in male mice. Therefore, MJM-1 represents a potential lead for further optimization as a therapeutic strategy for ameliorating cognitive deficits in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad B Belayet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Sarah Beamish
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Mizzanoor Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Samer Alanani
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Rajdeep S Virdi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - David N Frick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - A F M Towheedur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Joseph S Ulicki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Sreya Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Leggy A Arnold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - M S Rashid Roni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Eric Y Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas 76107, United States
| | - Douglas A Steeber
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Karyn M Frick
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - M Mahmun Hossain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
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65
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Çakır I, Hadley CK, Pan PL, Bagchi RA, Ghamari-Langroudi M, Porter DT, Wang Q, Litt MJ, Jana S, Hagen S, Lee P, White A, Lin JD, McKinsey TA, Cone RD. Histone deacetylase 6 inhibition restores leptin sensitivity and reduces obesity. Nat Metab 2022; 4:44-59. [PMID: 35039672 PMCID: PMC8892841 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The adipose tissue-derived hormone leptin can drive decreases in food intake while increasing energy expenditure. In diet-induced obesity, circulating leptin levels rise proportionally to adiposity. Despite this hyperleptinemia, rodents and humans with obesity maintain increased adiposity and are resistant to leptin's actions. Here we show that inhibitors of the cytosolic enzyme histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) act as potent leptin sensitizers and anti-obesity agents in diet-induced obese mice. Specifically, HDAC6 inhibitors, such as tubastatin A, reduce food intake, fat mass, hepatic steatosis and improve systemic glucose homeostasis in an HDAC6-dependent manner. Mechanistically, peripheral, but not central, inhibition of HDAC6 confers central leptin sensitivity. Additionally, the anti-obesity effect of tubastatin A is attenuated in animals with a defective central leptin-melanocortin circuitry, including db/db and MC4R knockout mice. Our results suggest the existence of an HDAC6-regulated adipokine that serves as a leptin-sensitizing agent and reveals HDAC6 as a potential target for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Işın Çakır
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Colleen K Hadley
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- College of Literature, Science and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pauline Lining Pan
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rushita A Bagchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Masoud Ghamari-Langroudi
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Qiuyu Wang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael J Litt
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Somnath Jana
- Chemical Synthesis Core, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Susan Hagen
- Vahlteich Medicinal Chemistry Core, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pil Lee
- Vahlteich Medicinal Chemistry Core, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew White
- Vahlteich Medicinal Chemistry Core, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jiandie D Lin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Roger D Cone
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Decourtye-Espiard L, Bougen-Zhukov N, Godwin T, Brew T, Schulpen E, Black MA, Guilford P. E-Cadherin-Deficient Epithelial Cells Are Sensitive to HDAC Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010175. [PMID: 35008338 PMCID: PMC8749989 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivating germline mutations in the CDH1 gene (encoding the E-cadherin protein) are the genetic hallmark of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), and somatic CDH1 mutations are an early event in the development of sporadic diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) and lobular breast cancer (LBC). In this study, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors were tested for their ability to preferentially inhibit the growth of human cell lines (MCF10A and NCI-N87) and murine organoids lacking CDH1 expression. CDH1-/- breast and gastric cells were more sensitive to the pan-HDAC inhibitors entinostat, pracinostat, mocetinostat and vorinostat than wild-type cells, with an elevated growth inhibition that was, in part, attributable to increased apoptosis. CDH1-null cells were also sensitive to more class-specific HDAC inhibitors, but compared to the pan-inhibitors, these effects were less robust to genetic background. Increased sensitivity to entinostat was also observed in gastric organoids with both Cdh1 and Tp53 deletions. However, the deletion of Tp53 largely abrogated the sensitivity of the Cdh1-null organoids to pracinostat and mocetinostat. Finally, entinostat enhanced Cdh1 expression in heterozygous Cdh1+/- murine organoids. In conclusion, entinostat is a promising drug for the chemoprevention and/or treatment of HDGC and may also be beneficial for the treatment of sporadic CDH1-deficient cancers.
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Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are a powerful tool to hijack the endogenous ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and to degrade the intracellular proteins of therapeutic importance. Recently, two heterobifunctional degraders targeting hormone receptors headed into Phase II clinical trials. Compared to traditional drug design and common modes of action, the PROTAC approach offers new opportunities for the drug research field. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are well-established drugs for the treatment of hematological malignancies. The integration of HDAC binding motifs in PROTACs explores the possibility of targeted, chemical HDAC degradation. This review provides an overview and a perspective about the key steps in the structure development of HDAC-PROTACs. In particular, the influence of the three canonical PROTAC elements on HDAC-PROTAC efficacy and selectivity are discussed, the HDACi, the linker and the E3 ligase ligand.
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68
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Lau CY, Adan MA, Maldarelli F. Why the HIV Reservoir Never Runs Dry: Clonal Expansion and the Characteristics of HIV-Infected Cells Challenge Strategies to Cure and Control HIV Infection. Viruses 2021; 13:2512. [PMID: 34960781 PMCID: PMC8708047 DOI: 10.3390/v13122512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively reduces cycles of viral replication but does not target proviral populations in cells that persist for prolonged periods and that can undergo clonal expansion. Consequently, chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is sustained during ART by a reservoir of long-lived latently infected cells and their progeny. This proviral landscape undergoes change over time on ART. One of the forces driving change in the landscape is the clonal expansion of infected CD4 T cells, which presents a key obstacle to HIV eradication. Potential mechanisms of clonal expansion include general immune activation, antigenic stimulation, homeostatic proliferation, and provirus-driven clonal expansion, each of which likely contributes in varying, and largely unmeasured, amounts to maintaining the reservoir. The role of clinical events, such as infections or neoplasms, in driving these mechanisms remains uncertain, but characterizing these forces may shed light on approaches to effectively eradicate HIV. A limited number of individuals have been cured of HIV infection in the setting of bone marrow transplant; information from these and other studies may identify the means to eradicate or control the virus without ART. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of HIV-1 persistence and clonal expansion, along with the attempts to modify these factors as part of reservoir reduction and cure strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuen-Yen Lau
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.-Y.L.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Matthew A. Adan
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.-Y.L.); (M.A.A.)
- Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Frank Maldarelli
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.-Y.L.); (M.A.A.)
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69
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Enhancing Therapeutic Approaches for Melanoma Patients Targeting Epigenetic Modifiers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246180. [PMID: 34944799 PMCID: PMC8699560 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the least common but deadliest type of skin cancer. Melanomagenesis is driven by a series of mutations and epigenetic alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that allow melanomas to grow, evolve, and metastasize. Epigenetic alterations can also lead to immune evasion and development of resistance to therapies. Although the standard of care for melanoma patients includes surgery, targeted therapies, and immune checkpoint blockade, other therapeutic approaches like radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immune cell-based therapies are used for patients with advanced disease or unresponsive to the conventional first-line therapies. Targeted therapies such as the use of BRAF and MEK inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA4 only improve the survival of a small subset of patients. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify alternative standalone or combinatorial therapies. Epigenetic modifiers have gained attention as therapeutic targets as they modulate multiple cellular and immune-related processes. Due to melanoma's susceptibility to extrinsic factors and reversible nature, epigenetic drugs are investigated as a therapeutic avenue and as adjuvants for targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors, as they can sensitize and/or reverse resistance to these therapies, thus enhancing their therapeutic efficacy. This review gives an overview of the role of epigenetic changes in melanoma progression and resistance. In addition, we evaluate the latest advances in preclinical and clinical research studying combinatorial therapies and discuss the use of epigenetic drugs such as HDAC and DNMT inhibitors as potential adjuvants for melanoma patients.
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70
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McClarty B, Rodriguez G, Dong H. Dose Effects of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Tacedinaline (CI-994) on Antipsychotic Haloperidol-Induced Motor and Memory Side Effects in Aged Mice. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:674745. [PMID: 34690667 PMCID: PMC8526546 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.674745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Elderly patients treated with antipsychotic drugs often experience increased severity and frequency of side effects, yet the mechanisms are not well understood. Studies from our group indicate age-related histone modifications at drug targeted receptor gene promoters may contribute to the increased side effects, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors entinostat (MS-275) and valproic acid (VPA) could reverse typical antipsychotic haloperidol (HAL) induced motor-side effects. However, whether such effects could be dose dependent and whether HDAC inhibitors could improve memory function in aged mice is unknown. Methods: We co-treated selective class 1 HDAC inhibitor tacedinaline (CI-994) at different doses (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) with HAL (0.05 mg/kg) in young (3 months) and aged (21 months) mice for 14 consecutive days, then motor and memory behavioral tests were conducted, followed by biochemical measurements. Results: CI-994 at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg could decrease HAL-induced cataleptic episodes but only 20 mg/kg was sufficient to improve motor coordination in aged mice. Additionally, CI-994 at 10 and 20 mg/kg mitigate HAL-induced memory impairment in aged mice. Biochemical analyses showed increased acetylation of histone marks H3K27ac and H3K18ac at the dopamine 2 receptor (D2R) gene (Drd2) promoter and increased expression of the Drd2 mRNA and D2R protein in the striatum of aged mice after administration of CI-994 at 20 mg/kg. Conclusions: Our results suggest CI-994 can reduce HAL-induced motor and memory side effects in aged mice. These effects may act through an increase of acetylation at the Drd2 promoter, thereby restoring D2R expression and improving antipsychotic drug action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan McClarty
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Guadalupe Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hongxin Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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71
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Noonepalle SKR, Karabon L, Chiappinelli KB, Villagra A. Editorial: Genetic and Epigenetic Control of Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2021; 12:775101. [PMID: 34675944 PMCID: PMC8523980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.775101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar R Noonepalle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GW Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, United States
| | - Lidia Karabon
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katherine B Chiappinelli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, GW Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, United States
| | - Alejandro Villagra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GW Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington DC, United States
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72
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Therapeutic Values of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Facts and Hopes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205127. [PMID: 34680276 PMCID: PMC8534227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Myeloid-derived suppressor cells restrict the effectiveness of immune-checkpoint inhibitors for a subset of patients mainly through thwarting T cell infiltration into tumor sites. Treatments targeting MDSCs have shown potent inhibitory effects on multiple tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we summarize the pathological mechanisms of MDSCs and their clinical significance as prognostic and predictive biomarkers for HCC patients, and we provide the latest progress of MDSCs-targeting treatment in HCC. Abstract One of the major challenges in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment is drug resistance and low responsiveness to systemic therapies, partly due to insufficient T cell infiltration. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature marrow-derived cell populations with heterogeneity and immunosuppression characteristics and are essential components of the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Increasing evidence has demonstrated that MDSCs are indispensable contributing factors to HCC development in a T cell-dependent or non-dependent manner. Clinically, the frequency of MDSCs is firmly linked to HCC clinical outcomes and the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Furthermore, MDSCs can also be used as prognostic and predictive biomarkers for patients with HCC. Therefore, treatments reprograming MDSCs may offer potential therapeutic opportunities in HCC. Here, we recapitulated the dynamic relevance of MDSCs in the initiation and development of HCC and paid special attention to the effect of MDSCs on T cells infiltration in HCC. Finally, we pointed out the potential therapeutic effect of targeting MDSCs alone or in combination, hoping to provide new insights into HCC treatment.
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73
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Heath EI, Weise A, Vaishampayan U, Danforth D, Ungerleider RS, Urata Y. Phase Ia dose escalation study of OBP-801, a cyclic depsipeptide class I histone deacetylase inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2021; 40:300-307. [PMID: 34613570 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is common in cancer and is critical to the development and progression of the majority of tumors. This first-in-human Phase Ia study assessed the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of OBP-801, a cyclic depsipeptide class I HDAC inhibitor. Methods Adult patients with advanced solid tumors were treated in 3 dose cohorts (1.0 mg/m2, 2.0 mg/m2 or 2.8 mg/m2) of OBP-801 that was administered via intravenous infusion weekly. Initially, an accelerated titration design was used that was followed by a 3 + 3 dose escalation strategy. Primary objective was assessment of safety. Secondary objectives included determination of PK and objective response rate. Results Seventeen patients were enrolled, of which 8 patients were evaluable for efficacy. Drug-related ≥ Grade 3 treatment-emergent adverse events included abdominal pain, anemia, fatigue, gamma glutamyl-transferase increase, hypertriglyceridemia and vomiting. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed in the 1.0 mg/m2 cohort. The PK data showed that OBP-801 and its active metabolite OBP-801-SH exposure increased proportionally and more than proportionally, respectively. No accumulation of either agent was noticed after repeat administration. Best response was stable disease (37.5%), with one patient each in the three cohorts. Conclusion Further investigations of the OBP-801 1.0 mg/m2 dose will be needed to better understand the efficacy of the agent, either alone or in combination. Trial registration: NCT02414516 (ClinicalTrials.gov) registered on April 10, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth I Heath
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Amy Weise
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ulka Vaishampayan
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Yasuo Urata
- Oncolys BioPharma, Inc, Tokyo, 106-0032, Japan
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74
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Xiao W, Zhou Q, Wen X, Wang R, Liu R, Wang T, Shi J, Hu Y, Hou J. Small-Molecule Inhibitors Overcome Epigenetic Reprogramming for Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:702360. [PMID: 34603017 PMCID: PMC8484527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.702360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment is a significant challenge for the global health system, although various pharmacological and therapeutic discoveries have been made. It has been widely established that cancer is associated with epigenetic modification, which is reversible and becomes an attractive target for drug development. Adding chemical groups to the DNA backbone and modifying histone proteins impart distinct characteristics on chromatin architecture. This process is mediated by various enzymes modifying chromatin structures to achieve the diversity of epigenetic space and the intricacy in gene expression files. After decades of effort, epigenetic modification has represented the hallmarks of different cancer types, and the enzymes involved in this process have provided novel targets for antitumor therapy development. Epigenetic drugs show significant effects on both preclinical and clinical studies in which the target development and research offer a promising direction for cancer therapy. Here, we summarize the different types of epigenetic enzymes which target corresponding protein domains, emphasize DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA-mediated cooperation with epigenetic modification, and highlight recent achievements in developing targets for epigenetic inhibitor therapy. This article reviews current anticancer small-molecule inhibitors targeting epigenetic modified enzymes and displays their performances in different stages of clinical trials. Future studies are further needed to address their off-target effects and cytotoxicity to improve their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaodan Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonic, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xudong Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Information Department of Medical Security Center, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonghe Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, Chengdu, China
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75
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Anti-Proliferative, Anti-Angiogenic and Safety Profiles of Novel HDAC Inhibitors for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14101020. [PMID: 34681244 PMCID: PMC8540814 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has a five-year survival rate of 28%. As histone deacetylases (HDACs) are overexpressed in CRPC, the HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) was trialled in CRPC patients but found to be toxic and inefficacious. Previously, we showed that novel HDAC inhibitors (Jazz90 (N1-hydroxy-N8-(4-(pyridine-2-carbothioamido)phenyl)octanediamide) and Jazz167 ([chlorido(η5-pentamethylcyclopentadieny[1–4](N1-hydroxy-N8-(4-(pyridine-2-carbothioamido-κ2N,S)phenyl)octanediamide)rhodium(III)] chloride) had a higher cancer-to-normal-cell selectivity and superior anti-angiogenic effects in CRPC (PC3) cells than SAHA. Thus, this study aimed to further investigate the efficacy and toxicity of these compounds. HUVEC tube formation assays revealed that Jazz90 and Jazz167 significantly reduced meshes and segment lengths in the range of 55–88 and 43–64%, respectively. However, Jazz90 and Jazz167 did not affect the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitioning markers E-cadherin and vimentin. Jazz90 and Jazz167 significantly inhibited the growth of PC3 and DU145 spheroids and reduced PC3 spheroid branching. Jazz90 and Jazz167 (25, 50 and 75 mg/kg/day orally for 21 days) were non-toxic in male BALB/c mice. The efficacy and safety of these compounds demonstrate their potential for further in vivo studies in CRPC models.
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76
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MS-275 (Entinostat) Promotes Radio-Sensitivity in PAX3-FOXO1 Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910671. [PMID: 34639012 PMCID: PMC8508838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood. About 25% of RMS expresses fusion oncoproteins such as PAX3/PAX7-FOXO1 (fusion-positive, FP) while fusion-negative (FN)-RMS harbors RAS mutations. Radiotherapy (RT) plays a crucial role in local control but metastatic RMS is often radio-resistant. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) radio-sensitize different cancer cells types. Thus, we evaluated MS-275 (Entinostat), a Class I and IV HDACi, in combination with RT on RMS cells in vitro and in vivo. MS-275 reversibly hampered cell survival in vitro in FN-RMS RD (RASmut) and irreversibly in FP-RMS RH30 cell lines down-regulating cyclin A, B, and D1, up-regulating p21 and p27 and reducing ERKs activity, and c-Myc expression in RD and PI3K/Akt/mTOR activity and N-Myc expression in RH30 cells. Further, MS-275 and RT combination reduced colony formation ability of RH30 cells. In both cell lines, co-treatment increased DNA damage repair inhibition and reactive oxygen species formation, down-regulated NRF2, SOD, CAT and GPx4 anti-oxidant genes and improved RT ability to induce G2 growth arrest. MS-275 inhibited in vivo growth of RH30 cells and completely prevented the growth of RT-unresponsive RH30 xenografts when combined with radiation. Thus, MS-275 could be considered as a radio-sensitizing agent for the treatment of intrinsically radio-resistant PAX3-FOXO1 RMS.
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Upadhyay N, Tilekar K, Safuan S, Kumar AP, Schweipert M, Meyer-Almes FJ, C S R. Multi-target weapons: diaryl-pyrazoline thiazolidinediones simultaneously targeting VEGFR-2 and HDAC cancer hallmarks. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1540-1554. [PMID: 34671737 PMCID: PMC8459325 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00125f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In anticancer drug discovery, multi-targeting compounds have been beneficial due to their advantages over single-targeting compounds. For instance, VEGFR-2 has a crucial role in angiogenesis and cancer management, whereas HDACs are well-known regulators of epigenetics and have been known to contribute significantly to angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. Herein, we have reported nineteen novel VEGFR-2 and HDAC dual-targeting analogs containing diaryl-pyrazoline thiazolidinediones and their in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation. In particular, the most promising compound 14c has emerged as a dual inhibitor of VEGFR-2 and HDAC. It demonstrated anti-angiogenic activity by inhibiting in vitro HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Moreover, an in vivo CAM assay showed that 14c repressed new capillary formation in CAMs. In particular, 14c exhibited cytotoxicity potential on different cancer cell lines such as MCF-7, K562, A549, and HT-29. Additionally, 14c demonstrated significant potency and selectivity against HDAC4 in the sub-micromolar range. To materialize the hypothesis, we also performed molecular docking on the crystal structures of both VEGFR-2 (PDB ID: 1YWN) and HDAC4 (PDB-ID: 4CBY), which corroborated the designing and biological activity. The results indicated that compound 14c could be a potential lead to develop more optimized multi-target analogs with enhanced potency and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy Navi Mumbai India
| | - Kalpana Tilekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy Navi Mumbai India
| | - Sabreena Safuan
- Universiti Sains Malaysia School of Health Sciences Health Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia 16150 Kubang Kerian Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt Germany
| | - Ramaa C S
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy Navi Mumbai India
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Upadhyay N, Tilekar K, Safuan S, Kumar AP, Schweipert M, Meyer-Almes FJ, Ramaa CS. Double-edged Swords: Diaryl pyrazoline thiazolidinediones synchronously targeting cancer epigenetics and angiogenesis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105350. [PMID: 34547645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, two novel series of compounds incorporating naphthyl and pyridyl linker were synthesized and biological assays revealed 5-((6-(2-(5-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-oxoethoxy) naphthalene-2-yl)methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (14b) as the most potent dual inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factors receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4). Compounds 13b, 14b, 17f, and 21f were found to stabilize HDAC4; where, pyridyl linker swords were endowed with higher stabilization effects than naphthyl linker. Also, 13b and 14b showed best inhibitory activity on VEGFR-2 as compared to others. Compound 14b was most potent as evident by in-vitro and in-vivo biological assessments. It displayed anti-angiogenic potential by inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation, migration, tube formation and also suppressed new capillary formation in the growing chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs). It showed selectivity and potency towards HDAC4 as compared to other HDAC isoforms. Compound 14b (25 mg/kg, i.p.) also indicated exceptional antitumor efficacy on in-vivo animal xenograft model of human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29). The mechanism of action of 14b was also confirmed by western blot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Kalpana Tilekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sabreena Safuan
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus Universiti Sains 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - C S Ramaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India.
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Sirous H, Campiani G, Calderone V, Brogi S. Discovery of novel hit compounds as potential HDAC1 inhibitors: The case of ligand- and structure-based virtual screening. Comput Biol Med 2021; 137:104808. [PMID: 34478925 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) as an important family of epigenetic regulatory enzymes are implicated in the onset and progression of carcinomas. As a result, HDAC inhibition has been proven as a compelling strategy for reversing the aberrant epigenetic changes associated with cancer. However, non-selective profile of most developed HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) leads to the occurrence of various side effects, limiting their clinical utility. This evidence provides a solid ground for ongoing research aimed at identifying isoform-selective inhibitors. Among the isoforms, HDAC1 have particularly gained increased attention as a preferred target for the design of selective HDACIs. Accordingly, in this paper, we have developed a reliable virtual screening process, combining different ligand- and structure-based methods, to identify novel benzamide-based analogs with potential HDAC1 inhibitory activity. For this purpose, a focused library of 736,160 compounds from PubChem database was first compiled based on 80% structural similarity with four known benzamide-based HDAC1 inhibitors, Mocetinostat, Entinostat, Tacedinaline, and Chidamide. Our inclusive in-house 3D-QSAR model, derived from pharmacophore-based alignment, was then employed as a 3D-query to discriminate hits with the highest predicted HDAC1 inhibitory activity. The selected hits were subjected to subsequent structure-based approaches (induced-fit docking (IFD), MM-GBSA calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation) to retrieve potential compounds with the highest binding affinity for HDAC1 active site. Additionally, in silico ADMET properties and PAINS filtration were also considered for selecting an enriched set of the best drug-like molecules. Finally, six top-ranked hit molecules, CID_38265326, CID_56064109, CID_8136932, CID_55802151, CID_133901641 and CID_18150975 were identified to expose the best stability profiles and binding mode in the HDAC1 active site. The IFD and MD results cooperatively confirmed the interactions of the promising selected hits with critical residues within HDAC1 active site. In summary, the presented computational approach can provide a set of guidelines for the further development of improved benzamide-based derivatives targeting HDAC1 isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Sirous
- Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 81746-73461 Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Excellence of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, 2018-2022, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
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Verma A, Arora A, Bhatt AN, Arya MB, Prasad AK, Parmar VS, Dwarakanath BS. Radiosensitization of calreticulin-overexpressing human glioma cell line by the polyphenolic acetate 7, 8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021; 5:e1326. [PMID: 34472223 PMCID: PMC9780425 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calreticulin (CRT), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein generally overexpressed in cancer cells, is associated with radiation resistance. CRT shows higher transacetylase activity, as shown by us earlier, in the presence of the polyphenolic acetates (like 7, 8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin, DAMC) and modifies the activity of a number of proteins, thereby influencing cell signaling. AIM To investigate the relationship between CRT expression and radiation response in a human glioma cell line and to evaluate the radiomodifying effects of DAMC. METHODS AND RESULTS Studies were carried out in an established human glioma cell line (BMG-1) and its isogenic clone overexpressing CRT (CROE, CRT-overexpressing cells) by analyzing clonogenic survival, cell proliferation, micronuclei analysis, and protein levels by Western blotting as parameters of responses. CRT overexpression conferred resistance against radiation-induced cell death in CROE cells (D37 = 7.35 Gy, D10 = 12.6 Gy and D0 = 7.25 Gy) as compared to BMG-1 cells (D37 = 5.70 Gy, D10 = 9.2 Gy and D0 = 5.6 Gy). A lower level of radiation-induced micronuclei formation observed in CROE cells suggested that reduced induction and/or enhanced DNA repair partly contributed to the enhanced radioresistance. Consistent with this suggestion, we noted that CRT-mediated radioresistance was coupled with enhanced grp78 level and reduced P53 activation-mediated prodeath signaling, while no changes were noted in acetylation of histone H4. DAMC-enhanced radiation-induced delayed (secondary) apoptosis, which was higher in CROE cells. CONCLUSION CRT overexpression confers resistance against radiation-induced death of human glioma cells, which can be overcome by the polyphenolic acetate DAMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Verma
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Majumdar MargDelhiIndia,Present address:
PACT & Health LLC, BranfordConnecticut, 06405‐2546USA
| | - Aastha Arora
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Majumdar MargDelhiIndia
| | - Anant N Bhatt
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Majumdar MargDelhiIndia
| | | | - Ashok K Prasad
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of ChemistryUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia
| | - Virinder S Parmar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of ChemistryUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia,Department of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceMedgar Evers College, The City University of New YorkBrooklynNew York
| | - Bilikere S Dwarakanath
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Majumdar MargDelhiIndia,Central Research FacilitySri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and ResearchChennaiIndia
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81
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Bonanni D, Citarella A, Moi D, Pinzi L, Bergamini E, Rastelli G. Dual Targeting Strategies On Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) And Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90). Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1474-1502. [PMID: 34477503 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210902145102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The design of multi-target drugs acting simultaneously on multiple signaling pathways is a growing field in medicinal chemistry, especially for the treatment of complex diseases such as cancer. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is an established anticancer drug target involved in tumor cells transformation. Being an epigenetic enzyme at the interplay of many biological processes, HDAC6 has become an attractive target for polypharmacology studies aimed at improving therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs. For example, the molecular chaperone Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a substrate of HDAC6 deacetylation, and several lines of evidence demonstrate that simultaneous inhibition of HDAC6 and Hsp90 promote synergistic antitumor effects on different cancer cell lines, highlighting the potential benefits of developing a single molecule endowed with multi-target activity. This review will summarize the complex interplay between HDAC6 and Hsp90, providing also useful hints for multi-target drug design and discovery approaches in this field. To this end, crystallographic structures of HDAC6 and Hsp90 complexes will be extensively reviewed in the light of discussing binding pockets features and pharmacophore requirements and providing useful guidelines for the design of dual inhibitors. The few examples of multi-target inhibitors obtained so far, mostly based on chimeric approaches, will be summarized and put into context. Finally, the main features of HDAC6 and Hsp90 inhibitors will be compared, and ligand- and structure-based strategies potentially useful for the development of small molecular weight dual inhibitors will be proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bonanni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Citarella
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Davide Moi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pinzi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Bergamini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulio Rastelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Bieszczad B, Garbicz D, Świtalska M, Dudek MK, Warszycki D, Wietrzyk J, Grzesiuk E, Mieczkowski A. Improved HDAC Inhibition, Stronger Cytotoxic Effect and Higher Selectivity against Leukemias and Lymphomas of Novel, Tricyclic Vorinostat Analogues. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:851. [PMID: 34577551 PMCID: PMC8470702 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a class of drugs used in the cancer treatment. Here, we developed a library of 19 analogues of Vorinostat, an HDAC inhibitor used in lymphomas treatment. In Vorinostat, we replaced the hydrophobic phenyl group with various tricyclic 'caps' possessing a central, eight-membered, heterocyclic ring, and investigated the HDAC activity and cytotoxic effect on the cancer and normal cell lines. We found that 3 out of the 19 compounds, based on dibenzo[b,f]azocin-6(5H)-one, 11,12-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]azocin-6(5H)-one, and benzo[b]naphtho[2,3-f][1,5]diazocine-6,14(5H,13H)-dione scaffolds, showed better HDACs inhibition than the referenced Vorinostat. In leukemic cell line MV4-11 and in the lymphoma cell line Daudi, three compounds showed lower IC50 values than Vorinostat. These compounds had higher activity and selectivity against MV4-11 and Daudi cell lines than reference Vorinostat. We also observed a strong correlation between HDACs inhibition and the cytotoxic effect. Cell lines derived from solid tumours: A549 (lung carcinoma) and MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma) as well as reference BALB/3T3 (normal murine fibroblasts) were less susceptible to compounds tested. Developed derivatives show improved properties than Vorinostat, thus they could be considered as possible agents for leukemia and lymphoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Bieszczad
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Damian Garbicz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Marta Świtalska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (M.Ś.); (J.W.)
| | - Marta K. Dudek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Dawid Warszycki
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (M.Ś.); (J.W.)
| | - Elżbieta Grzesiuk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Adam Mieczkowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (D.G.)
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83
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Spreafico M, Cafora M, Bragato C, Capitanio D, Marasca F, Bodega B, De Palma C, Mora M, Gelfi C, Marozzi A, Pistocchi A. Targeting HDAC8 to ameliorate skeletal muscle differentiation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105750. [PMID: 34214631 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) causes progressive skeletal muscle degeneration and currently there are few therapeutic options. The identification of new drug targets and their validation in model systems of DMD could be a promising approach to make progress in finding new treatments for this lethal disease. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play key roles in myogenesis and the therapeutic approach targeting HDACs in DMD is in an advanced phase of clinical trial. Here, we show that the expression of HDAC8, one of the members of the HDAC family, is increased in DMD patients and dystrophic zebrafish. The selective inhibition of HDAC8 with the PCI-34051 inhibitor rescues skeletal muscle defects, similarly to the treatment with the pan-HDAC inhibitor Givinostat. Through acetylation profile of zebrafish with HDAC8 dysregulation, we identified new HDAC8 targets involved in cytoskeleton organization such as tubulin that, when acetylated, is a marker of stable microtubules. Our work provides evidence of HDAC8 overexpression in DMD patients and zebrafish and supports its specific inhibition as a new valuable therapeutic approach in the treatment of this pathology.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Acetylation
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Cell Differentiation
- Disease Models, Animal
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Histone Deacetylases/genetics
- Histone Deacetylases/metabolism
- Hydroxamic Acids/pharmacology
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Muscle Development
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/enzymology
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/drug therapy
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/enzymology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Repressor Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Zebrafish
- Zebrafish Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Spreafico
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cafora
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bragato
- PhD program in Neuroscience, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Capitanio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Marasca
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi" (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bodega
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi" (INGM), Milan, Italy; Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Clara De Palma
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Mora
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Marozzi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Pistocchi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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84
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Abballe L, Miele E. Epigenetic modulators for brain cancer stem cells: Implications for anticancer treatment. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:670-684. [PMID: 34367473 PMCID: PMC8316861 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary malignant brain tumors are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both adults and children, with a dismal prognosis despite multimodal therapeutic approaches. In the last years, a specific subpopulation of cells within the tumor bulk, named cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells, have been identified in brain tumors as responsible for cancer growth and disease progression. Stemness features of tumor cells strongly affect treatment response, leading to the escape from conventional therapeutic approaches and subsequently causing tumor relapse. Recent research efforts have focused at identifying new therapeutic strategies capable of specifically targeting CSCs in cancers by taking into consideration their complex nature. Aberrant epigenetic machinery plays a key role in the genesis and progression of brain tumors as well as inducing CSC reprogramming and preserving CSC characteristics. Thus, reverting the cancer epigenome can be considered a promising therapeutic strategy. Three main epigenetic mechanisms have been described: DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, particularly microRNAs. Each of these mechanisms has been proven to be targetable by chemical compounds, known as epigenetic-based drugs or epidrugs, that specifically target epigenetic marks. We review here recent advances in the study of epigenetic modulators promoting and sustaining brain tumor stem-like cells. We focus on their potential role in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Abballe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cellular and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome 00165, Italy
| | - Evelina Miele
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cellular and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome 00165, Italy.
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85
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Targeting the latent human cytomegalovirus reservoir for T-cell-mediated killing with virus-specific nanobodies. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4436. [PMID: 34290252 PMCID: PMC8295288 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Latent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is characterized by limited gene expression, making latent HCMV infections refractory to current treatments targeting viral replication. However, reactivation of latent HCMV in immunosuppressed solid organ and stem cell transplant patients often results in morbidity. Here, we report the killing of latently infected cells via a virus-specific nanobody (VUN100bv) that partially inhibits signaling of the viral receptor US28. VUN100bv reactivates immediate early gene expression in latently infected cells without inducing virus production. This allows recognition and killing of latently infected monocytes by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes from HCMV-seropositive individuals, which could serve as a therapy to reduce the HCMV latent reservoir of transplant patients.
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86
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Bae D, Lee JY, Ha N, Park J, Baek J, Suh D, Lim HS, Ko SM, Kim T, Som Jeong D, Son WC. CKD-506: A novel HDAC6-selective inhibitor that exerts therapeutic effects in a rodent model of multiple sclerosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14466. [PMID: 34262061 PMCID: PMC8280216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis (MS), the therapy options remain limited with various adverse effects. Here, the therapeutic potential of CKD-506, a novel HDAC6-selective inhibitor, against MS was evaluated in mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein35-55 (MOG35-55)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) under various treatment regimens. CKD-506 exerted prophylactic and therapeutic effects by regulating peripheral immune responses and maintaining blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. In MOG35-55-re-stimulated splenocytes, CKD-506 decreased proliferation and downregulated the expression of IFN-γ and IL-17A. CKD-506 downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the blood of EAE mice. Additionally, CKD-506 decreased the leakage of intravenously administered Evans blue into the spinal cord; CD4+ T cells and CD4-CD11b+CD45+ macrophage/microglia in the spinal cord was also decreased. Moreover, CKD-506 exhibited therapeutic efficacy against MS, even when drug administration was discontinued from day 15 post-EAE induction. Disease exacerbation was not observed when fingolimod was changed to CKD-506 from day 15 post-EAE induction. CKD-506 alleviated depression-like behavior at the pre-symptomatic stage of EAE. In conclusion, CKD-506 exerts therapeutic effects by regulating T cell- and macrophage-mediated peripheral immune responses and strengthening BBB integrity. Our results suggest that CKD-506 is a potential therapeutic agent for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daekwon Bae
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, 16995, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Nina Ha
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsol Park
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Baek
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyeon Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, CKD Pharmaceutical Co, Yongin, 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seon Lim
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Min Ko
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehee Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Som Jeong
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Chan Son
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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87
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Lu X, Yan G, Dawood M, Klauck SM, Sugimoto Y, Klinger A, Fleischer E, Shan L, Efferth T. A novel moniliformin derivative as pan-inhibitor of histone deacetylases triggering apoptosis of leukemia cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 194:114677. [PMID: 34265280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
New and potent agents that evade multidrug resistance (MDR) and inhibit epigenetic modifications are of great interest in cancer drug development. Here, we describe that a moniliformin derivative (IUPAC name: 3-(naphthalen-2-ylsulfanyl)-4-{[(2Z)-1,3,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-ylidene]methyl}cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione; code: MCC1381) bypasses P-gp-mediated MDR. Using transcriptomics, we identified a large number of genes significantly regulated in response to MCC1381, which affected the cell cycle and disturbed cellular death and survival. The potential targets of MCC1381 might be histone deacetylases (HDACs) as predicted by SwissTargetPrediction. In silico studies confirmed that MCC1381 presented comparable affinity with HDAC1, 2, 3, 6, 8 and 11. Besides, the inhibition activity of HDACs was dose-dependently inhibited by MCC1381. Particularly, a strong binding affinity was observed between MCC1381 and HDAC6 by microscale thermophoresis analysis. MCC1381 decreased the expression of HDAC6, inversely correlated with the increase of acetylated HDAC6 substrates, acetylation p53 and α-tubulin. Furthermore, MCC1381 arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, induced the generation of reactive oxygen species and collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential. MCC1381 exhibited in vivo anti-cancer activity in xenografted zebrafish. Collectively, MCC1381 extended cytotoxicity towards P-gp-resistant leukemia cancer cells and may act as a pan-HDACs inhibitor, indicating that MCC1381 is a novel candidate for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ge Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Sabine M Klauck
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yoshikazu Sugimoto
- Division of Chemotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Letian Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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88
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Yang W, Feng Y, Zhou J, Cheung OKW, Cao J, Wang J, Tang W, Tu Y, Xu L, Wu F, Tan Z, Sun H, Tian Y, Wong J, Lai PBS, Chan SL, Chan AWH, Tan PBO, Chen Z, Sung JJY, Yip KYL, To KF, Cheng ASL. A selective HDAC8 inhibitor potentiates antitumor immunity and efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/588/eaaz6804. [PMID: 33827976 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz6804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient T cell infiltration into noninflamed tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), restricts the effectiveness of immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) for a subset of patients. Epigenetic therapy provides further opportunities to rewire cancer-associated transcriptional programs, but whether and how selective epigenetic inhibition counteracts the immune-excluded phenotype remain incompletely defined. Here, we showed that pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8), a histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27)-specific isozyme overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, thwarts HCC tumorigenicity in a T cell-dependent manner. The tumor-suppressive effect of selective HDAC8 inhibition was abrogated by CD8+ T cell depletion or regulatory T cell adoptive transfer. Chromatin profiling of human HDAC8-expressing HCCs revealed genome-wide H3K27 deacetylation in 1251 silenced enhancer-target gene pairs that are enriched in metabolic and immune regulators. Mechanistically, down-regulation of HDAC8 increased global and enhancer acetylation of H3K27 to reactivate production of T cell-trafficking chemokines by HCC cells, thus relieving T cell exclusion in both immunodeficient and humanized mouse models. In an HCC preclinical model, selective HDAC8 inhibition increased tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and potentiated eradication of established hepatomas by anti-PD-L1 therapy without evidence of toxicity. Mice treated with HDAC8 and PD-L1 coblockade were protected against subsequent tumor rechallenge as a result of the induction of memory T cells and remained tumor-free for greater than 15 months. Collectively, our study demonstrates that selective HDAC8 inhibition elicits effective and durable responses to ICB by co-opting adaptive immunity through enhancer reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqin Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yu Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jingying Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.,Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Otto Ka-Wing Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jianquan Cao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Wenshu Tang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yalin Tu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Liangliang Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhiwu Tan
- AIDS Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.,Department of Microbiology and Research Center for Infection and Immunity, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Hanyong Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518061, China
| | - John Wong
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Paul Bo-San Lai
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Stephen Lam Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.,State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Anthony Wing-Hung Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Patrick Boon-Ooi Tan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.,Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore.,SingHealth/Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore.,Singapore Gastric Cancer Consortium, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- AIDS Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.,Department of Microbiology and Research Center for Infection and Immunity, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Joseph Jao-Yiu Sung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kevin Yuk-Lap Yip
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.,State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Alfred Sze-Lok Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
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89
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Adhikari N, Jha T, Ghosh B. Dissecting Histone Deacetylase 3 in Multiple Disease Conditions: Selective Inhibition as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8827-8869. [PMID: 34161101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins has been implicated in several disease states. Modulation of such epigenetic modifications has therefore made histone deacetylases (HDACs) important drug targets. HDAC3, among various class I HDACs, has been signified as a potentially validated target in multiple diseases, namely, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, parasitic infections, and HIV. However, only a handful of HDAC3-selective inhibitors have been reported in spite of continuous efforts in design and development of HDAC3-selective inhibitors. In this Perspective, the roles of HDAC3 in various diseases as well as numerous potent and HDAC3-selective inhibitors have been discussed in detail. It will surely open up a new vista in the discovery of newer, more effective, and more selective HDAC3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
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90
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French R, Pauklin S. Epigenetic regulation of cancer stem cell formation and maintenance. Int J Cancer 2021; 148:2884-2897. [PMID: 33197277 PMCID: PMC8246550 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancerous tumours contain a rare subset of cells with stem-like properties that are termed cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are defined by their ability to divide both symmetrically and asymmetrically, to initiate new tumour growth and to tolerate the foreign niches required for metastatic dissemination. Accumulating evidence suggests that tumours arise from cells with stem-like properties, the generation of CSCs is therefore likely to be an initiatory event in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, CSCs in established tumours exist in a dynamic and plastic state, with nonstem tumour cells thought to be capable of de-differentiation to CSCs. The regulation of the CSC state both during tumour initiation and within established tumours is a desirable therapeutic target and is mediated by epigenetic factors. In this review, we will explore the epigenetic parallels between induced pluripotency and the generation of CSCs, and discuss how the epigenetic regulation of CSCs opens up novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon French
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Siim Pauklin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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91
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Cui Y, Cai J, Wang W, Wang S. Regulatory Effects of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors on Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:690207. [PMID: 34149732 PMCID: PMC8208029 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are antitumor drugs that are being developed for use in clinical settings. HDACIs enhance histone or nonhistone acetylation and promote gene transcription via epigenetic regulation. Importantly, these drugs have cytotoxic or cytostatic properties and can directly inhibit tumor cells. However, how HDACIs regulate immunocytes in the tumor microenvironment, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), has yet to be elucidated. In this review, we summarize the effects of different HDACIs on the immunosuppressive function and expansion of MDSCs based on the findings of relevant studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jingshan Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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92
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Breast cancer frequently metastasizes to the bone and lung, but the ability to treat metastatic tumor cells remains a pressing clinical challenge. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyltransferases (HATs) have emerged as promising targets since these enzymes are aberrantly expressed in numerous cancers and regulate the expression of genes that drive tumorigenesis and metastasis. This review focuses on the abnormal expression of histone-modifying enzymes in cancers that have a high tropism for the bone and lung and explores the clinical use of histone deacetylase inhibitors for the treatment and prevention of metastasis to these sites. RECENT FINDINGS Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the role for HDACs is highly dependent on tumor type and stage of disease progression. HDAC inhibitors can induce apoptosis, senescence, cell differentiation, and tumor dormancy genes and inhibit angiogenesis, making these promising therapeutics for the treatment of metastatic disease. HDAC inhibitors are already FDA approved for hematologic malignancies and are in clinical trials with standard-of-care chemotherapies and targeted agents for several solid tumors, including cases of metastatic disease. However, these drugs can negatively impact bone homeostasis. Although HDAC inhibitors are not currently administered for the treatment of bone and lung metastatic disease, preclinical studies have shown that these drugs can reduce distant metastasis by targeting molecular factors and signaling pathways that drive tumor cell dissemination to these sites. Thus, HDAC inhibitors in combination with bone protective therapies may be beneficial in the treatment of bone metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M Edwards
- Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2215b Garland Ave, 1165C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Rachelle W Johnson
- Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2215b Garland Ave, 1165C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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93
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Salahong T, Schwartz C, Sungthong R. Are BET Inhibitors yet Promising Latency-Reversing Agents for HIV-1 Reactivation in AIDS Therapy? Viruses 2021; 13:v13061026. [PMID: 34072421 PMCID: PMC8228869 DOI: 10.3390/v13061026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIDS first emerged decades ago; however, its cure, i.e., eliminating all virus sources, is still unachievable. A critical burden of AIDS therapy is the evasive nature of HIV-1 in face of host immune responses, the so-called "latency." Recently, a promising approach, the "Shock and Kill" strategy, was proposed to eliminate latently HIV-1-infected cell reservoirs. The "Shock and Kill" concept involves two crucial steps: HIV-1 reactivation from its latency stage using a latency-reversing agent (LRA) followed by host immune responses to destroy HIV-1-infected cells in combination with reinforced antiretroviral therapy to kill the progeny virus. Hence, a key challenge is to search for optimal LRAs. Looking at epigenetics of HIV-1 infection, researchers proved that some bromodomains and extra-terminal motif protein inhibitors (BETis) are able to reactivate HIV-1 from latency. However, to date, only a few BETis have shown HIV-1-reactivating functions, and none of them have yet been approved for clinical trial. In this review, we aim to demonstrate the epigenetic roles of BETis in HIV-1 infection and HIV-1-related immune responses. Possible future applications of BETis and their HIV-1-reactivating properties are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanarat Salahong
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
| | - Christian Schwartz
- Research Unit 7292, DHPI, IUT Louis Pasteur, University of Strasbourg, 67300 Schiltigheim, France
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Rungroch Sungthong
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
- Laboratory of Hydrology and Geochemistry of Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, UMR 7517 CNRS/EOST, 67084 Strasbourg CEDEX, France
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (R.S.)
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94
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Epigenetic Targeting of Histone Deacetylases in Diagnostics and Treatment of Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105398. [PMID: 34065586 PMCID: PMC8160658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a highly prevalent, disabling, and often chronic illness that places substantial burdens on patients, families, healthcare systems, and the economy. A substantial minority of patients are unresponsive to current therapies, so there is an urgent need to develop more broadly effective, accessible, and tolerable therapies. Pharmacological regulation of histone acetylation level has been investigated as one potential clinical strategy. Histone acetylation status is considered a potential diagnostic biomarker for depression, while inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) have garnered interest as novel therapeutics. This review describes recent advances in our knowledge of histone acetylation status in depression and the therapeutic potential of HDAC inhibitors.
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95
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Siklos M, Kubicek S. Therapeutic targeting of chromatin: status and opportunities. FEBS J 2021; 289:1276-1301. [PMID: 33982887 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The molecular characterization of mechanisms underlying transcriptional control and epigenetic inheritance since the 1990s has paved the way for the development of targeted therapies that modulate these pathways. In the past two decades, cancer genome sequencing approaches have uncovered a plethora of mutations in chromatin modifying enzymes across tumor types, and systematic genetic screens have identified many of these proteins as specific vulnerabilities in certain cancers. Now is the time when many of these basic and translational efforts start to bear fruit and more and more chromatin-targeting drugs are entering the clinic. At the same time, novel pharmacological approaches harbor the potential to modulate chromatin in unprecedented fashion, thus generating entirely novel opportunities. Here, we review the current status of chromatin targets in oncology and describe a vision for the epigenome-modulating drugs of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marton Siklos
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kubicek
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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96
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Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are part of the epigenetic machinery that regulates transcriptional processes. The current paradigm is that HDACs silence gene expression via regulation of histone protein lysine deacetylation, or by forming corepressor complexes with transcription factors. However, HDACs are more than just nuclear proteins, and they can interact and deacetylate a growing number of nonhistone proteins to regulate cellular function. Cancer-field studies have shown that deranged HDAC activity results in uncontrolled proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis; all pathologies that also may occur in kidney disease. Over the past decade, studies have emerged suggesting that HDAC inhibitors may prevent and potentially treat various models of acute kidney injury. This review focuses on the physiology of kidney HDACs and highlights the recent advances using HDAC inhibitors to potentially treat kidney disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Hyndman
- Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
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97
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Ghiboub M, Elfiky AMI, de Winther MPJ, Harker NR, Tough DF, de Jonge WJ. Selective Targeting of Epigenetic Readers and Histone Deacetylases in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. J Pers Med 2021; 11:336. [PMID: 33922725 PMCID: PMC8145108 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and bromodomain-containing proteins (BCPs) play a key role in chromatin remodeling. Based on their ability to regulate inducible gene expression in the context of inflammation and cancer, HDACs and BCPs have been the focus of drug discovery efforts, and numerous small-molecule inhibitors have been developed. However, dose-limiting toxicities of the first generation of inhibitors, which typically target multiple HDACs or BCPs, have limited translation to the clinic. Over the last decade, an increasing effort has been dedicated to designing class-, isoform-, or domain-specific HDAC or BCP inhibitors, as well as developing strategies for cell-specific targeted drug delivery. Selective inhibition of the epigenetic modulators is helping to elucidate the functions of individual epigenetic proteins and has the potential to yield better and safer therapeutic strategies. In accordance with this idea, several in vitro and in vivo studies have reported the ability of more selective HDAC/BCP inhibitors to recapitulate the beneficial effects of pan-inhibitors with less unwanted adverse events. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances with these strategies, discussing advantages and limitations of these approaches as well as some therapeutic perspectives, focusing on autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ghiboub
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (A.M.I.E.)
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK; (N.R.H.); (D.F.T.)
| | - Ahmed M. I. Elfiky
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (A.M.I.E.)
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK; (N.R.H.); (D.F.T.)
| | - Menno P. J. de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicola R. Harker
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK; (N.R.H.); (D.F.T.)
| | - David F. Tough
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK; (N.R.H.); (D.F.T.)
| | - Wouter J. de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (A.M.I.E.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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98
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Beshore DC, Adam GC, Barnard RJO, Burlein C, Gallicchio SN, Holloway MK, Krosky D, Lemaire W, Myers RW, Patel S, Plotkin MA, Powell DA, Rada V, Cox CD, Coleman PJ, Klein DJ, Wolkenberg SE. Redefining the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Pharmacophore: High Potency with No Zinc Cofactor Interaction. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:540-547. [PMID: 33854701 PMCID: PMC8040053 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors lacking a zinc-binding moiety has been developed and described herein. HDAC isozyme profiling and kinetic studies indicate that these inhibitors display a selectivity preference for HDACs 1, 2, 3, 10, and 11 via a rapid equilibrium mechanism, and crystal structures with HDAC2 confirm that these inhibitors do not interact with the catalytic zinc. The compounds are nonmutagenic and devoid of electrophilic and mutagenic structural elements and exhibit off-target profiles that are promising for further optimization. The efficacy of this new class in biochemical and cell-based assays is comparable to the marketed HDAC inhibitors belinostat and vorinostat. These results demonstrate that the long-standing pharmacophore model of HDAC inhibitors requiring a metal binding motif should be revised and offers a distinct class of HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory C. Adam
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Krosky
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Wei Lemaire
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Robert W. Myers
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Sangita Patel
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - David A. Powell
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Vanessa Rada
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | | | - Paul J. Coleman
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Daniel J. Klein
- MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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99
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Lei X, Ou Z, Yang Z, Zhong J, Zhu Y, Tian J, Wu J, Deng H, Lin X, Peng Y, Li B, He L, Tu Z, Chen W, Li Q, Liu N, Zhang H, Wang Z, Fang Z, Yamada T, Lv X, Tian T, Pan G, Wu F, Xiao L, Zhang L, Cai T, Wang X, Tannous BA, Li J, Kontos F, Ferrone S, Fan S. A Pan-Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Enhances the Antitumor Activity of B7-H3-Specific CAR T Cells in Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3757-3771. [PMID: 33811153 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The limited efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies with solid malignancies prompted us to test whether epigenetic therapy could enhance the antitumor activity of B7-H3.CAR T cells with several solid cancer types. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We evaluated B7-H3 expression in many human solid cancer and normal tissue samples. The efficacy of the combinatorial therapy with B7-H3.CAR T cells and the deacetylase inhibitor SAHA with several solid cancer types and the potential underlying mechanisms were characterized with in vitro and ex vivo experiments. RESULTS B7-H3 is expressed in most of the human solid tumor samples tested, but exhibits a restricted expression in normal tissues. B7-H3.CAR T cells selectively killed B7-H3 expressing human cancer cell lines in vitro. A low dose of SAHA upregulated B7-H3 expression in several types of solid cancer cells at the transcriptional level and B7-H3.CAR expression on human transgenic T-cell membrane. In contrast, the expression of immunosuppressive molecules, such as CTLA-4 and TET2, by T cells was downregulated upon SAHA treatment. A low dose of SAHA significantly enhanced the antitumor activity of B7-H3.CAR T cells with solid cancers in vitro and ex vivo, including orthotopic patient-derived xenograft and metastatic models treated with autologous CAR T-cell infusions. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that our novel strategy which combines SAHA and B7-H3.CAR T cells enhances their therapeutic efficacy with solid cancers and justify its translation to a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Zhanpeng Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianglong Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiannan Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heran Deng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lile He
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhiming Tu
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Weixiong Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunxing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Niu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanqing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangsong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zezhen Fang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teppei Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xiaobin Lv
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Cancer Pathogenesis and Translational Research, Center Laboratory, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guokai Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bakhos A Tannous
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Lab, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jinsong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Filippos Kontos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Song Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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100
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Gediya P, Parikh PK, Vyas VK, Ghate MD. Histone deacetylase 2: A potential therapeutic target for cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 216:113332. [PMID: 33714914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been implicated in a number of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disorders and inflammation. For the treatment of epigenetically altered diseases such as cancer, HDAC inhibitors have made a significant progress in terms of development of isoform selective inhibitiors. Isoform specific HDAC inhibitors have less adverse events and better safety profile. A HDAC isoform i.e., HDAC2 demonstrated significant role in the development of variety of diseases, mainly involved in the cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Discovery and development of selective HDAC2 inhibitors have a great potential for the treatment of target diseases. In the present compilation, we have reviewed the role of HDAC2 in progression of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, and information on the drug development opportunities for selective HDAC2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Gediya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Palak K Parikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Vivek K Vyas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Manjunath D Ghate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, 382481, Gujarat, India.
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