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Du M, Zhao C, Hu H, Ding N, He J, Tian W, Zhao W, Lin X, Liu G, Chen W, Wang S, Wang P, Xu D, Shen X, Zhang G. Association between problematic social networking use and anxiety symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:263. [PMID: 38735963 PMCID: PMC11089718 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01705-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have reported that problematic social networking use (PSNU) is strongly associated with anxiety symptoms. However, due to the presence of multiple anxiety subtypes, existing research findings on the extent of this association vary widely, leading to a lack of consensus. The current meta-analysis aimed to summarize studies exploring the relationship between PSNU levels and anxiety symptoms, including generalized anxiety, social anxiety, attachment anxiety, and fear of missing out. 209 studies with a total of 172 articles were included in the meta-analysis, involving 252,337 participants from 28 countries. The results showed a moderately positive association between PSNU and generalized anxiety (GA), social anxiety (SA), attachment anxiety (AA), and fear of missing out (FoMO) respectively (GA: r = 0.388, 95% CI [0.362, 0.413]; SA: r = 0.437, 95% CI [0.395, 0.478]; AA: r = 0.345, 95% CI [0.286, 0.402]; FoMO: r = 0.496, 95% CI [0.461, 0.529]), and there were different regulatory factors between PSNU and different anxiety subtypes. This study provides the first comprehensive estimate of the association of PSNU with multiple anxiety subtypes, which vary by time of measurement, region, gender, and measurement tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Du
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengjia Zhao
- School of Education, Renmin University of China, 100872, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ningning Ding
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiankang He
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Tian
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Zhao
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiujian Lin
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gaoyang Liu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wendan Chen
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - ShuangLiu Wang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongwu Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Shen
- Department of Neurosis and Psychosomatic Diseases, Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, 313002, Huzhou, China.
| | - Guohua Zhang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China.
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Enders LR, Gordon SM, Roy H, Rohaly T, Dalangin B, Jeter A, Villarreal J, Boykin GL, Touryan J. Evidence of elevated situational awareness for active duty soldiers during navigation of a virtual environment. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298867. [PMID: 38728266 PMCID: PMC11086823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
U.S. service members maintain constant situational awareness (SA) due to training and experience operating in dynamic and complex environments. Work examining how military experience impacts SA during visual search of a complex naturalistic environment, is limited. Here, we compare Active Duty service members and Civilians' physiological behavior during a navigational visual search task in an open-world virtual environment (VE) while cognitive load was manipulated. We measured eye-tracking and electroencephalogram (EEG) outcomes from Active Duty (N = 21) and Civilians (N = 15) while they navigated a desktop VE at a self-regulated pace. Participants searched and counted targets (N = 15) presented among distractors, while cognitive load was manipulated with an auditory Math Task. Results showed Active Duty participants reported significantly greater/closer to the correct number of targets compared to Civilians. Overall, Active Duty participants scanned the VE with faster peak saccade velocities and greater average saccade magnitudes compared to Civilians. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) response (EEG P-300) was significantly weighted more to initial fixations for the Active Duty group, showing reduced attentional resources on object refixations compared to Civilians. There were no group differences in fixation outcomes or overall CNN response when comparing targets versus distractor objects. When cognitive load was manipulated, only Civilians significantly decreased their average dwell time on each object and the Active Duty group had significantly fewer numbers of correct answers on the Math Task. Overall, the Active Duty group explored the VE with increased scanning speed and distance and reduced cognitive re-processing on objects, employing a different, perhaps expert, visual search strategy indicative of increased SA. The Active Duty group maintained SA in the main visual search task and did not appear to shift focus to the secondary Math Task. Future work could compare how a stress inducing environment impacts these groups' physiological or cognitive markers and performance for these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah R. Enders
- Human in Complex Systems Division, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Heather Roy
- Human in Complex Systems Division, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas Rohaly
- DCS Corporation, Alexandria, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Bianca Dalangin
- DCS Corporation, Alexandria, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Angela Jeter
- DCS Corporation, Alexandria, Virginia, United States of America
| | | | - Gary L. Boykin
- Human in Complex Systems Division, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Touryan
- Human in Complex Systems Division, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, United States of America
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Huang E, Xing Y, Song X. Emotional analysis of multiplayer online battle arena games addiction. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1347949. [PMID: 38784616 PMCID: PMC11111968 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1347949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games have garnered widespread popularity as a form of recreational activity. The launch of League of Legends (LoL), a prominent MOBA game, has captivated the enthusiastic pursuit of gamers in the MOBA community. The surge in MOBA game fervor, coupled with the influence of personal emotions, can result in excessive engagement, ultimately leading to addiction. Objective This study aimed to investigate the moderating effects of visceral perception, behavior, and reflection on game players' addiction within the framework of Leisure Theory (LT), Uses and Gratification Theory (UGT), and Emotional Design Theory (EDT). Methods A hypothesized theoretical model was developed and empirically evaluated based on 236 self-reported validated responses from MOBA gamers. SPSS (version 26) was employed for demographic analysis and game duration analysis. The measurement model and structural model analyses were conducted in two stages using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.1.0 to validate the nine theoretical hypotheses. Results It has been observed that personal emotions significantly contributes to MOBA game addiction during gamers' leisure time or moments of gratification. Specifically, a noteworthy connection exists between two dimensions, namely gamers' behavior and reflection, demonstrating a positive correlation with gaming addiction. Without taking entertainment as a motivating factor, there is no significant relationship between gamers' leisure-time and visceral perception. Conclusion This study enhances the theoretical model of gamers' behavioral motives in engaging with MOBA gaming and contributes to the expansion of research on game addiction theory. These findings offer valuable theoretical insights for emotional design in games and the design of mechanisms for preventing game addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enwu Huang
- School of Design, Fujian University of Technology, Fujian, China
- Faculty of Innovation and Design, City University of Macau, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yalong Xing
- Faculty of Innovation and Design, City University of Macau, Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xiaozhou Song
- School of Humanities, Fujian University of Technology, Fujian, China
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Acosta-Enriquez BG, Arbulú Ballesteros MA, Huamaní Jordan O, López Roca C, Saavedra Tirado K. Analysis of college students' attitudes toward the use of ChatGPT in their academic activities: effect of intent to use, verification of information and responsible use. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:255. [PMID: 38720382 PMCID: PMC11077796 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has increased worldwide. The launch of the ChatGPT-3 posed great challenges for higher education, given its popularity among university students. The present study aimed to analyze the attitudes of university students toward the use of ChatGPTs in their academic activities. METHOD This study was oriented toward a quantitative approach and had a nonexperimental design. An online survey was administered to the 499 participants. RESULTS The findings of this study revealed a significant association between various factors and attitudes toward the use of the ChatGPT. The higher beta coefficients for responsible use (β=0.806***), the intention to use frequently (β=0.509***), and acceptance (β=0.441***) suggested that these are the strongest predictors of a positive attitude toward ChatGPT. The presence of positive emotions (β=0.418***) also plays a significant role. Conversely, risk (β=-0.104**) and boredom (β=-0.145**) demonstrate a negative yet less decisive influence. These results provide an enhanced understanding of how students perceive and utilize ChatGPTs, supporting a unified theory of user behavior in educational technology contexts. CONCLUSION Ease of use, intention to use frequently, acceptance, and intention to verify information influenced the behavioral intention to use ChatGPT responsibly. On the one hand, this study provides suggestions for HEIs to improve their educational curricula to take advantage of the potential benefits of AI and contribute to AI literacy.
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Chang CJ, Fan YH, Chiu YC, Cheng WM. Cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet is associated with erectile dysfunction in young Taiwanese men. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10577. [PMID: 38719920 PMCID: PMC11078973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet (CHHF) is a protective or predisposing factor for many diseases; however, the relationship between CHHF and erectile dysfunction (ED) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate associations between CHHF and ED among young men of Southeast Asian origin. In this cross-sectional study, sexually active Taiwanese men aged 20-40 years were enrolled via an online questionnaire comprising general demographic information, comorbidities, subjective thermal sensations of their hands and feet in the past 6 months, and their erectile function using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5). Participants who reported cold sensation of hands and feet were classified to have CHHF; those with IIEF-5 score ≤ 21 were considered to have ED. Total 54.2% and 27.9% of participants had ED and CHHF, respectively. Men with CHHF were significantly younger, had lower body mass index and IIEF-5 scores (p < 0.001), and a lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.033) along with higher prevalence of ED, psychiatric disorders, and insomnia (p < 0.001). After adjusting for predisposing factors of ED, CHHF (odds ratio 1.410, 95% confidence interval 1.159-1.714; p = 0.001) remained an independent predictor of ED. Thus, CHHF is independently associated with ED, affecting more than a quarter of young Taiwanese men. Autonomic dysregulation and subclinical endothelial dysfunction may be common pathophysiologies of CHHF and ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Jui Chang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hua Fan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chiu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Cheng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Macchi G, De Pisapia N. Virtual reality, face-to-face, and 2D video conferencing differently impact fatigue, creativity, flow, and decision-making in workplace dynamics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10260. [PMID: 38704442 PMCID: PMC11069516 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60942-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Digital communication technologies are rapidly evolving, and understanding their impact on group dynamics and cognitive performance in professional settings becomes central. This study investigates the psychological impact of different interaction settings-two-dimensional Video Conferencing (VC), Face-To-Face (FTF), and Virtual Reality (VR)-on group dynamics, cognitive performance, and aspects of well-being in a professional context. Utilizing a sample of 40 participants from a large Italian electricity transmission company, the study employs a within-subjects design to explore various metrics, including flow, creativity, fatigue and aspects of interaction. The results indicate that FTF interactions are optimal for idea generation and task absorption. VR, although initially more fatiguing for first-time users, fosters a more collaborative and peaceful environment, encouraging participants to engage more openly with each other. VC was found to be the least fatiguing, but also the least engaging in terms of task absorption and idea generation. Additionally, age-related differences were observed, particularly in the perception of motivational and emotional fatigue in the VR setting. The study provides empirical evidence supporting the integration of VR in professional settings for specific types of meetings, while also highlighting the limitations and areas for future research. These findings have implications for organizational well-being, cognitive ergonomics, and the evolving landscape of remote work technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Macchi
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science (DIPSCO), University of Trento, Corso Bettini 31, 38068, Rovereto, TN, Italy
| | - Nicola De Pisapia
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science (DIPSCO), University of Trento, Corso Bettini 31, 38068, Rovereto, TN, Italy.
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Jo G, Hur YM. Genetic and Environmental Influences on Perceived Stress in South Korean Twins. Twin Res Hum Genet 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38699817 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2024.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Researchers have proposed that culture significantly influences perceived stress (PS). To date, however, twin studies on PS have been conducted mostly in western, individualistic cultures, which demonstrate that PS due to controllable (personal) life events is more heritable than PS due to uncontrollable (network) life events. This study aimed to investigate genetic and environmental influences on PS in South Korean twins. South Korea practices a dominant collectivist culture. In total, 1372 twin individuals (mean age = 22.4 ± 2.5 years) completed an online survey on PS, which consisted of the scales, Friendship, Academic Stress, Future Career, Family Conflicts, and Family Financial Difficulties (FFD). Friendship, Academic Stress, and Future Career can be considered PS due to personal life events, and Family Conflict and FFD, PS due to network life events. The general sex-limitation model-fitting analysis revealed the absence of qualitative or quantitative sex differences in genetic and environmental influences. Specifically, additive genetic influences were predominant for Friendship (63%), Academic Stress (67%), and Future Career (57%) for both sexes, with the remaining variance attributable to nonshared environmental influences. In contrast, shared environmental influences were largest for Family Conflict (47% for both genders) and FFD (64% for males, 63% for females) with no significant genetic effects. Despite known cultural differences in the means and variances of PS, South Korean twins exhibited significant genetic effects in PS due to personal life events and large shared environmental effects in PS due to network life events, which is similar to western samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwanwoo Jo
- Kookmin Twin Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Mi Hur
- Kookmin Twin Research Institute, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
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Stieger S, Volsa S, Willinger D, Lewetz D, Batinic B. Laughter in everyday life: an event-based experience sampling method study using wrist-worn wearables. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1296955. [PMID: 38756489 PMCID: PMC11096579 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1296955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Laughter is a universal, nonverbal vocal expression of broad significance for humans. Interestingly, rather little is known about how often we laugh and how laughter is associated with our personality. In a large, event-based, experience sampling method study (N = 52; k = 9,261 assessments) using wrist-worn wearables and a physical analogue scale, we analyzed belly laughs and fit of laughter events in participants' everyday life for 4 weeks. Additionally, we assessed associations with laughter frequency such as personality, happiness, life satisfaction, gelotophobia (i.e., fear of being laughed at), and cheerfulness. Validating our new measurement approach (i.e., wearables, physical analogue scale), laughter events elicited higher happiness ratings compared to reference assessments, as expected. On average, participants reported 2.5 belly laughs per day and on every fourth day a fit of laughter. As expected, participants who were happier and more satisfied with their life laughed more frequently than unhappier, unsatisfied participants. Women and younger participants laughed significantly more than men and older participants. Regarding personality, laughter frequency was positively associated with openness and conscientiousness. No significant association was found for gelotophobia, and results for cheerfulness and related concepts were mixed. By using state-of-the-art statistical methods (i.e., recurrent event regression) for the event-based, multi-level data on laughter, we could replicate past results on laughing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Stieger
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Selina Volsa
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - David Willinger
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - David Lewetz
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Bernad Batinic
- Department of Work, Organizational, and Media Psychology, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
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Shoshani A, Kor A, Bar S. The impact of social media use on psychiatric symptoms and well-being of children and adolescents in the Post-COVID-19 era: a four-year longitudinal study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02454-2. [PMID: 38698136 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This longitudinal study examined the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media use and its impact on psychiatric symptoms and well-being of 3,697 Israeli children and adolescents aged 8 to 14. Data were collected from October 2019 to June 2023, covering four school years and five measurement points prior to, throughout and post- COVID-19. Social media usage, psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, somatization, and general distress), as well as subjective well-being (positive and negative emotions, and life satisfaction) were assessed. The analysis also probed the extent to which social support and extracurricular activities moderated the associations between social media use and mental health outcomes. The results of the growth mixed-effects models indicated a significant increase in social media use and psychiatric symptoms, and a significant decrease in subjective well-being over time. Greater social media use was related to more psychiatric symptoms and negative emotions, but also to more positive emotions and life satisfaction. Social support buffered the negative effects of excessive social media use on mental health, whereas extracurricular activities increased positive emotions, but also psychiatric symptoms related to social media use. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to regulate social media usage, given its lasting consequences on the mental health of children and adolescents in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Shoshani
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, P.O.Box 167, Herzliya, 46150, Israel.
| | - Ariel Kor
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, P.O.Box 167, Herzliya, 46150, Israel
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Shira Bar
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, P.O.Box 167, Herzliya, 46150, Israel
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Torales J, Barrios I, Melgarejo O, Ruiz Díaz N, O'Higgins M, Navarro R, Amarilla D, Almirón-Santacruz J, González-Urbieta I, Caycho-Rodríguez T, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Ventriglio A. Hope, resilience and subjective happiness among general population of Paraguay in the post COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:489-497. [PMID: 38059364 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231216342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive mental health includes not only the absence of mental disorders but also the presence of subjective well-being, good coping strategies for life stress, and strategies for adapting to community life. It is well known that the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged mental health in general population worldwide. However, research has not measured protective factors for mental health in the general population after the declared end of pandemic by the World Health Organization. METHODS This observational, cross-sectional study surveyed 591 Paraguayan participants aged ⩾18 years, who were recruited through an online survey. Demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status were collected as well as mental health and validated tools for hope, resilience, subjective happiness were administered. RESULTS Of the participants, 81.6% were women, 54% were married or in a relationship and 90.7% reported an university education. The main source of stress was economic issues (30.3%). A total of 22.7% had been previously diagnosed with a mental disorder, 22.2% had consulted a mental health professional and 10.8% had consumed prescription drugs. 42.6% reported flourishing, 36.2% reported moderate and 21.2% reported languishing mental health. CONCLUSIONS This large survey has shown that most of participants reported a flourishing mental health with high ratings at hope, resilience, and subjective happiness scales. Also, the main sources of stress were economic issues, not consequently related to the pandemic. This may add evidences to the international debate on the long term effects of the global pandemic and probably suggests that recovery processes have been collectively adopted in Paraguay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Torales
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Iván Barrios
- Department of Statistics, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, Santa Rosa del Aguaray Campus, Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Paraguay
| | - Osvaldo Melgarejo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Noelia Ruiz Díaz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Marcelo O'Higgins
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Rodrigo Navarro
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Diego Amarilla
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - José Almirón-Santacruz
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, National University of Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | | | | | - João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia
- Department of Neuroscience, Fundação do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Martinsen R, Ahlin-Søvde S, Grov EK, Andersson EK, Gardulf A. Self-reported competence among advanced practice nursing students in Denmark, Finland and Norway: a cross-sectional multicentre study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:301. [PMID: 38693531 PMCID: PMC11064386 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01930-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health care systems in the Nordic countries and worldwide are under pressure due to increased longevity and a shortage of nurses. Providing nurses with a high level of education, such as advanced practice nursing, is of great importance to ensure effective, safe and high-quality care. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate self-reported competence using the Nurse Professional Competence Scale Short-Form for the first time among master's students of advanced practice nursing in the Nordic countries and to relate the findings to age, work obligations, child-rearing responsibilities, level of education and clinical nursing experience. METHODS A multicentre, cross-sectional design was used in this study conducted at five universities in Denmark, Finland and Norway. The Nurse Professional Competence Scale Short-Form consisting of six competence areas was used with a maximum score of 7 per item for the analysis of single items and a transformed scale from 14.3 to 100 for analysing the competence areas (higher score equals higher self-reported competence). Descriptive and comparative statistics were used to analyse the data. RESULTS The highest mean score was found for the competence area 'Value-based nursing care'. Students living with home-dwelling children (≤ 18 years) reported significantly higher competence in 'Nursing care', while students ≥33 years reported significantly higher competence in 'Nursing care' and 'Value-based nursing care'. No significant differences were found between students working and those not working alongside their studies, between students with and without further nursing-related education, or between students with long and short experience as nurses. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study might help to further develop curricula in advanced practice nursing master's programmes to ensure high-quality nursing and sustainable health care in the future. Future high-quality master's programmes might benefit from systematic collaboration between Nordic higher education institutions as also Sweden is planning master's programme. Higher age, having children at home and working while studying should not be considered causes for concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi Martinsen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Section of Advanced Nursing, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, P.B. 400, Norway.
| | - Sigrid Ahlin-Søvde
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Section of Advanced Nursing, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, P.B. 400, Norway
| | - Ellen Karine Grov
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, P.B. 4, St. Olavs plass, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ewa K Andersson
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Ann Gardulf
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Section of Advanced Nursing, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, P.B. 400, Norway
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, The Unit for Clinical Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li J, Tang L, Pu Y. My Story of Depression: A Content Analysis of Autobiographic Videos on Douyin. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024; 39:906-914. [PMID: 36941529 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2191887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Autobiographical accounts on social media could play an essential role in shaping the public's understanding of illnesses and dispelling illness-related stigma. This study examined how people living with depression describe their illness experiences on Douyin, China's leading video-sharing platform, through content analysis. It finds that most videos were created by young women who have lived with the illness for over three years. The top three topics were patient psychology, experience sharing, and knowledge and medical advice. These videos provided an overall non-stigmatizing portrayal of depression, with more than 80% of the influencers using challenge cues. However, stigma cues contributed to the virality of the videos. The theoretical and practical implications of the study were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxu Li
- Department of Communication & Journalism, Texas A&M University
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Communication & Journalism, Texas A&M University
| | - Yunsha Pu
- College of Media and International Culture, Zhejiang University
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Weeks S, Desy J, McLaughlin K. Why we should view the decision of medical trainees to cheat as the product of a person-by-situation interaction. MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 58:499-506. [PMID: 37743228 DOI: 10.1111/medu.15239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cheating during medical training is a delicate subject matter with varying opinions on the prevalence, causes and gravity of cheating during training. PROPOSED FRAMEWORK In this article, the authors suggest that the decision to cheat is best viewed as the product of a person-by-situation interaction rather than indicating inherent dishonesty and/or extrinsic motivation in those who participate in cheating. This framework can explain why individuals who would typically default to honesty may participate in cheating if there is perceived justification for cheating and where situational variables, such as ease of cheating, rewards for cheating and perceived risk associated with cheating, make the decision to cheat appear rational. DISCUSSION They discuss why the impression that there is a culture of cheating can provide perceived justification for medical trainees to cheat if they have the opportunity. They then describe how aspects of medical training and assessment may enable or hinder cheating by trainees. Consistent with the person-by-situation interaction framework, they contend that our response to cheating should include interventions directed at both the person who cheated and situational variables that enabled cheating. Recognising that some forms of cheating may be widespread, difficult to detect and contentious (such as the creation and use of exam reconstructs), their proposal for dealing with suspected and pervasive cheating is to identify and target enabling variables such that the decision to cheat becomes less rational. Their hope is that in so doing, we can gradually nudge trainees and the culture of medical training towards honesty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Weeks
- Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Janeve Desy
- Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kevin McLaughlin
- Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Patrickson B, Shams L, Fouyaxis J, Strobel J, Schubert KO, Musker M, Bidargaddi N. Evolving Adult ADHD Care: Preparatory Evaluation of a Prototype Digital Service Model Innovation for ADHD Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:582. [PMID: 38791796 PMCID: PMC11121032 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the prevalence of ADHD and the gaps in ADHD care in Australia, this study investigates the critical barriers and driving forces for innovation. It does so by conducting a preparatory evaluation of an ADHD prototype digital service innovation designed to help streamline ADHD care and empower individual self-management. METHODS Semi-structured interviews with ADHD care consumers/participants and practitioners explored their experiences and provided feedback on a mobile self-monitoring app and related service innovations. Interview transcripts were double coded to explore thematic barriers and the enablers for better ADHD care. RESULTS Fifteen interviews (9 consumers, 6 practitioners) revealed barriers to better ADHD care for consumers (ignorance and prejudice, trust, impatience) and for practitioners (complexity, sustainability). Enablers for consumers included validation/empowerment, privacy, and security frameworks, tailoring, and access. Practitioners highlighted the value of transparency, privacy and security frameworks, streamlined content, connected care between services, and the tailoring of broader metrics. CONCLUSIONS A consumer-centred approach to digital health service innovation, featuring streamlined, private, and secure solutions with enhanced mobile tools proves instrumental in bridging gaps in ADHD care in Australia. These innovations should help to address the gaps in ADHD care in Australia. These innovations should encompass integrated care, targeted treatment outcome data, and additional lifestyle support, whilst recognising the tensions between customised functionalities and streamlined displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwin Patrickson
- Digital Health Research Lab, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia; (L.S.); (J.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Lida Shams
- Digital Health Research Lab, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia; (L.S.); (J.F.); (J.S.)
| | - John Fouyaxis
- Digital Health Research Lab, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia; (L.S.); (J.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Jörg Strobel
- Digital Health Research Lab, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia; (L.S.); (J.F.); (J.S.)
- Division of Mental Health, Barossa Hills Fleurieu Local Health Network, 29 North St, Angaston 5353, Australia
| | - Klaus Oliver Schubert
- Division of Mental Health, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, 7-9 Park Terrace, Salisbury 5108, Australia;
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide 5005, Australia
- The Headspace Adelaide Early Psychosis, Sonder, 173 Wakefield St, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Mike Musker
- Clinical Health Sciences, Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Research and Education Group, University of South Australia, City East, Centenary Building, North Terrace, Adelaide 5000, Australia;
| | - Niranjan Bidargaddi
- Digital Health Research Lab, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia; (L.S.); (J.F.); (J.S.)
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Matthie N, Higgins M, Doorenbos A, Maddox T, Jenerette C. Feasibility of In-Home Virtual Reality for Chronic Pain in Sickle Cell Disease. Pain Manag Nurs 2024:S1524-9042(24)00146-2. [PMID: 38697889 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study assessed the feasibility of an in-home virtual reality intervention for chronic pain in adults with sickle cell disease. DESIGN Two-group, parallel, randomized, multiple methods design with surveys, and interviews. METHODS Participants were randomized to virtual reality or audio control, with 2-16-minute daily modules for 8 weeks, a daily pain diary survey, and a post study interview. Chronic pain and pain correlates were evaluated at baseline and every 4 weeks for 3 months. Feasibility outcomes were participant enrollment (set at > 50%), questionnaire response (> 50%), intervention use, and cybersickness (< 20%). RESULTS Of the individuals approached, 67.8% (n = 19) were enrolled. Questionnaire response rates were 100% at baseline, 57.8% at week 4, and < 50% at weeks 8 and 12. The intervention was used for a median of 781 minutes and 210 minutes in the virtual reality and audio groups, respectively. Participants reported slight symptoms of cybersickness with no reports of severe symptoms, and the intervention was acceptable. CONCLUSIONS Home-based virtual reality can be used in future sickle cell disease research. To further strengthen evaluations of virtual reality in adults with sickle cell who experience chronic pain, future trials should address sample size limitations and incorporate recommended strategies to address cybersickness and questionnaire response. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The first known application of in-home virtual reality for chronic pain in adults with sickle cell disease was successful. Findings can inform future in-home investigations of virtual reality in this underserved population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Matthie
- Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA.
| | - Melinda Higgins
- Office of Nursing Research; Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ardith Doorenbos
- Biobehavioral Nursing Science; University of Illinois Chicago, College of Nursing, Chicago, IL
| | - Todd Maddox
- Clinical Research and Development, AppliedVR, Inc., Van Nuys, CA
| | - Coretta Jenerette
- University of California San Francisco, School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA
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Oxenbøll Collet M, Albertsen H, Egerod I. Patient and family engagement in Danish intensive care units: A national survey. Nurs Crit Care 2024; 29:614-621. [PMID: 37402590 DOI: 10.1111/nicc.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and family engagement in the intensive care unit increases the quality of care and patient safety. AIM The aim of our study was to describe current practice and experiences of contemporary patient and family engagement in the intensive care unit at the individual level, the organizational level, and in the research process according to critical care nurses. DESIGN/METHOD We conducted a national qualitative survey of intensive care units in Denmark from 5th May-5th June 2021. Questionnaires were piloted and sent to intensive care nurse specialists and research nurses at 41 intensive care units, allowing one respondent per unit. All respondents were provided with written information about the study by email, and by activating the survey link, they accepted participation. RESULTS Thirty-two nurses responded to the invitation, 24 completed and 8 partially completed the survey, yielding a response rate of 78%. At the individual level, 27 respondents stated that they involved patients and 25 said they involved family in daily treatment and care. At the organizational level, 28 intensive care units had an overall strategy or guideline for patient and family engagement, and 4 units had established a PFE panel. And, finally, 11 units engaged patients and families in the research process. CONCLUSIONS Our survey suggested that patient and family engagement was implemented to some degree at the individual level, organizational level, and in the research process, but only 4 units had established a PFE panel at the organizational level, which is key to engagement. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Patient engagement increases when patients are more awake, and family engagement increases when patients are unable to participate. Engagement increases when patient and family engagement panels are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Oxenbøll Collet
- Department of Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Helle Albertsen
- Department of Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Ingrid Egerod
- Department of Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mahlberg J, Giddens E, Tiego J, Bellgrove M, Fornito A, Verdejo-Garcia A. Common genetic factors for uncontrolled eating mechanisms. Int J Eat Disord 2024; 57:1224-1233. [PMID: 38425083 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reward-based eating drives are putative mechanisms of uncontrolled eating implicated in obesity and disordered eating (e.g., binge eating). Uncovering the genetic and environmental contributions to reward-related eating, and their genetic correlation with BMI, could shed light on key mechanisms underlying eating and weight-related disorders. METHOD We conducted a classical twin study to examine how much variance in uncontrolled eating phenotypes and body mass index (BMI) was explained by genetic factors, and the extent that these phenotypes shared common genetic factors. 353 monozygotic twins and 128 dizygotic twins completed the Reward-based Eating Drive 13 scale, which measures three distinct uncontrolled eating phenotypes (loss of control over eating, preoccupation with thoughts about food, and lack of satiety), and a demographic questionnaire which included height and weight for BMI calculation. We estimated additive genetic (A), common environmental (C), and unique environmental (E) factors for each phenotype, as well as their genetic correlations, with a multivariate ACE model. A common pathway model also estimated whether genetic variance in the uncontrolled eating phenotypes was better explained by a common latent uncontrolled eating factor. RESULTS There were moderate genetic correlations between uncontrolled eating phenotypes and BMI (.26-.41). Variance from the uncontrolled eating phenotypes was also best explained by a common latent uncontrolled eating factor that was explained by additive genetic factors (52%). DISCUSSION These results suggest that uncontrolled eating phenotypes are heritable traits that also share genetic variance with BMI. This has implications for understanding the cognitive mechanisms that underpin obesity and disordered eating. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE Our study clarifies the degree to which uncontrolled eating phenotypes and BMI are influenced by shared genetics and shows that vulnerability to uncontrolled eating traits is impacted by common genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Mahlberg
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily Giddens
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeggan Tiego
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Bellgrove
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Fornito
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Jianfeng H, Xian Z, Zexiu A. Effects of physical exercise on adolescent short video addiction: A moderated mediation model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29466. [PMID: 38638962 PMCID: PMC11024624 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To discuss the effects of physical exercise (PE) on adolescent short video addiction (SVA) and analyze the mediating effects of self-control (SC) and the moderating effects of the cumulative ecological risk (CER), aiming to provide theoretical support for PE relative to adolescent SVA, investigate the underlying mechanisms of the effects of PE. Methods The Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, Problematic TikTok Use Scale, Self-Control Scale, and Cumulative Ecological Risk Scale were used to survey 756 adolescents in Chongqing and Chengdu, China. SPSS was used to construct a research model by conducting reliability, confirmatory factor, common method bias, and AMOS analyses. Results PE was significantly and negatively related to adolescent SVA (β = -0.30, p < 0.01). SC served as a partial mediator between PE and adolescent SVA, the direct and indirect effect values are -0.304 and -0.167 respectively, showing that SC negatively predicted the relationship between the two variables. The CER moderated the effect of PE (t = -11.679, p < 0.001) and SC (t = -15.069, p < 0.001) on adolescent SVA. Conclusion PE mitigates and moderates adolescent SVA through the mediating effect of SC and the moderating effect of CER.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Jianfeng
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuo Xian
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ai Zexiu
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
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O'Donnell NH, Erlichman S, Nickerson CG. Health Motivation in the Influencer Era: Analyzing Entertainment, Personal, and Social Media Role Models. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38686947 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2024.2346679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
This research explored how personal and entertainment role models motivate an individual's health goals, and how following a role model on social media affects this process. A survey of 404 adults revealed that identifying a personal role model, such as a family member, friend, or healthcare professional, had a stronger influence on health motivation in comparison to identifying an entertainment role model. Additionally, our findings indicated that following any role model on social media, whether a personal acquaintance or a celebrity, enhanced motivation. Role model attributes that mediated these relationships included perceived similarity, and in some instances, positive and negative norm deviance. This study highlights the importance of leveraging role model relationships in health communication campaigns and developing authentic influencer-driven health initiatives that feature relatable entertainment figures. Additionally, this research supports the need for further examination of how a role model's perceived positive or negative norm deviance influences motivational capability. We discuss implications for the motivational theory of role modeling, health promotion, and entertainment education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Erlichman
- College of Arts, Humanities and Sciences, Methodist University
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Qvarfordt M, Lagrosen S, Nilsson L. Medical secretaries' fears and opportunities in an increasingly digitalised workplace environment. J Health Organ Manag 2024; 38:175-194. [PMID: 38714560 DOI: 10.1108/jhom-04-2023-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to explore how medical secretaries experience digital transformation in a Swedish healthcare organisation, with a focus on workplace climate and health. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH Data were collected using a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design based on grounded theory, with qualitative data collection (a Quality Café and individual interviews) followed by quantitative data collection (a questionnaire). FINDINGS Four categories with seven underlying factors were identified, emphasising the crucial need for effective organisation of digital transformation. This is vital due to the increased knowledge and skills in utilising technology. The evolving roles and responsibilities of medical secretaries in dynamic healthcare settings should be clearly defined and acknowledged, highlighting the importance of professionality. Ensuring proper training for medical secretaries and other occupations in emerging techniques is crucial, emphasising equal value and knowledge across each role. Associations were found between some factors and the health of medical secretaries. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS This study adds to the knowledge on digital transformation in healthcare by examining an important occupation. Most data were collected online, which may be a limitation of this study. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Several aspects of the medical secretaries' experiences were identified. Knowledge of these is valuable for healthcare managers to make digital transformation more effective while avoiding excessive strain on medical secretaries. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Medical secretaries are expected to contribute to the digitalisation of healthcare. However, minimal research has been conducted on the role of medical secretaries in workplace digitalisation, focusing on workplace roles and its dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Qvarfordt
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, eHealth Institute, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Stefan Lagrosen
- Department of Management, School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Lina Nilsson
- Department of Medicine and Optometry, eHealth Institute, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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Prafull K, Rao A, Doijad V, Patil P, Daulatabad VS, John NA. Impact of smartphone on mental health among medical undergraduates: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:137. [PMID: 38784258 PMCID: PMC11114545 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_806_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smartphones have become an indispensable part of almost everyone's life. India has now become the leading and second-largest Smartphone market in the world. It has been noted that the purpose of Smartphone usage has exceptionally changed over the past few years, especially among students, professionals, and the common man. Smartphones have now become essential and the need of the hour, and medical students are no exception. Smartphones can make "smart students smarter"! There are now 10,275 unique applications labeled under the "Medical" and "Healthcare and Fitness" categories. The common medical applications used are MedCalc, Drug Infusion, Flashcards, Encyclopedia, Merck Manual, Medscape, PubMed, Epocrates, MedlinePlus, Lab test applications, Medical Dictionary, Eponyms etc. Despite the advantages and needs of smartphones, they have proven to be a source of potential hazard to human health, not only physical but also mental, social, and emotional well-being. There is consistent evidence for co-morbidity (such as obesity, heart diseases, neck and back pain, etc.) between excessive smartphone use and other psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety, obsessive and compulsive disorder (OCD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) similar to internet addiction. The significant association of this addiction with poorer sleep quality and higher perceived stress has been a cause for concern. Hence, further investigation to explore the association between smartphone addiction and mental health, this study was undertaken. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our study was undertaken in Dr VMGMC, Solapur, from June to August 2022, after obtaining approval from the ethical committee, approval number 172/22. Total voluntary participation for the study was 600 (from first to final year), and accordingly convenient sample size was taken. RESULTS We found that out of the total participants, 42% of the participants had an average screen time of 4-6 h daily. A very small percentage of participants (4%) spent less than two hours in front of a screen. Alarmingly, 65% of the participants had an average screen time of more than 4 hours, which puts them at risk for the negative health impacts of prolonged screen time. Around 12% of them had symptoms of mild stress, 10.3% for mild anxiety, and 15.6% for mild depression. 10.6% had symptoms of moderate stress, 23.3% for moderate anxiety, and 16% for moderate depression. A small proportion of undergraduates, that is, 5%, 16%, and 11.6%, had symptoms of severe and extremely severe stress, anxiety, and depression, respectively. CONCLUSION The study participants did not feel a lot of stress, anxiety, or depression symptoms when smartphones were used judiciously and mostly for non-social purposes (such as studying, listening to music, or watching videos). This investigation led us to the conclusion that there are some positive effects of smartphones on mental health. However, those who spent an excessive amount of time on their smartphones for social contact, with an average screen time of 5 h, showed signs of mild to moderate sadness, moderate anxiety, and tension, demonstrating that social media had a negative impact on the mental health of medical undergraduates. Therefore, efforts should be made to inform medical students about how using a smartphone is harming their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Prafull
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Aditi Rao
- Final MBBS Student, Dr V M Govt Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vinayak Doijad
- Physiology, Dr V M Govt Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Parag Patil
- Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Nitin Ashok John
- Final MBBS Student, Dr V M Govt Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
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Haugland SH, Topor A, Friesinger JG. 1 plus 1 is more than 2: mental health problems, financial difficulties, and social exclusion in a cross-sectional study of 28,047 general-population adults. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1148. [PMID: 38658908 PMCID: PMC11044315 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health problems and financial difficulties each increase the risk of social exclusion. However, few large studies representing a broad age range have investigated the combined social effect of having both difficulties. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine associations of mental health problems, financial difficulties, and the combination of both with social exclusion. METHODS This analysis was based on responses from 28,047 adults (age > 18 years) from the general population participating in The Norwegian Counties Public Health Survey 2019. Respondents answered questions about their financial situation, mental health problems, and social exclusion. Social exclusion was measured as a lack of social support, low participation in organized social activities, low participation in other activities, missing someone to be with, feeling excluded, and feeling isolated. Adjustments for sex and age were made in multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Having mental health problems or financial difficulties was associated with various measures of social exclusion (odds ratios [ORs] with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.33 [1.23-1.43] to 12.63 [10.90-14.64]). However, the odds of social exclusion strongly increased for respondents who reported a combination of mental health problems and financial difficulties compared with those who did not report either (ORs [CIs]: 2.08 [1.90-2.27] to 29.46 [25.32-34.27]). CONCLUSIONS Having the combination of mental health problems and financial difficulties is strongly associated with increased risk for social exclusion, far beyond the effect of either factor alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Topor
- Department of Psychosocial Health, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway
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Shafran Tikva S, Gabay G, Shkoler O, Kagan I. Association of quality of nursing care with violence load, burnout, and listening climate. Isr J Health Policy Res 2024; 13:22. [PMID: 38659017 PMCID: PMC11040785 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-024-00601-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Violence against nurses is common. Previous research has recommended further development of the measurement of violence against nurses and integration of the individual and ward-related factors that contribute to violence against hospital nurses. This study was designed to address these issues by investigating the associations between violence, the listening climate of hospital wards, professional burnout, and perceived quality of care. For this purpose, we used a new operationalization of the violence concept. METHODS We sought nurses to participate in the study through social media which yielded 765 nurses working in various healthcare systems across Israel who volunteered to complete a self-administered online questionnaire. 80% of the sample were hospital nurses, and 84.7% were female. The questionnaire included validated measures of burnout, listening climate, and quality of care. Instead of using the traditional binary measure of exposure to violence to capture the occurrence and comprehensive impact of violence, this study measured the incremental load of violence to which nurses are subjected. RESULTS There were significant correlations between violence load and perceived quality of care and between constructive and destructive listening climates and quality of care. Violence load contributed 14% to the variance of burnout and 13% to the variance of perceived quality of care. The ward listening climate moderated the relationship between burnout and quality of care. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study highlight the impact of violence load among nurses and the ward listening climate on the development of burnout and on providing quality care. The findings call upon policymakers to monitor violence load and allocate resources to foster supportive work environments to enhance nurse well-being and improve patient care outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigal Shafran Tikva
- Jerusalem College of Technology; Head, Hadassah Research and Innovation Center in Nursing, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Gillie Gabay
- School of Sciences, Multi-Disciplinary Studies, Achva Academic College, Arugot, Israel
| | | | - Ilya Kagan
- Nursing Department, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel
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Karaarslan D, Kahraman A, Ergin E. How does training given to pediatric nurses about artificial intelligence and robot nurses affect their opinions and attitude levels? A quasi-experimental study. J Pediatr Nurs 2024:S0882-5963(24)00149-0. [PMID: 38658302 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to investigate the effect of training provided to pediatric nurses on their knowledge and attitude levels about artificial intelligence and robot nurses. DESIGN AND METHODS In this study, a single-group pre- and post-test quasi-experimental design was used. Data were collected from pediatric nurses working in Training and Research Hospital located in western Turkey. Forty-three pediatric nurses participated in the study. The study data were collected using the "Pediatric Nurses' Descriptive Characteristics Form", "Artificial Intelligence Knowledge Form", and "Artificial Intelligence General Attitude Scale". RESULTS The mean scores of the participating pediatric nurses obtained from the Artificial Intelligence Knowledge Form before, right after and one month after the training were 41.16 ± 14.95, 68.25 ± 13.57 and 69.06 ± 13.19, respectively. The mean scores they obtained from the Positive Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence subscale of the Artificial Intelligence General Attitude Scale before and after the training were 3.43 ± 0.54 and 3.59 ± 0.60, respectively whereas the mean scores they obtained from its Negative Attitudes towards Artificial Intelligence subscale were 2.68 ± 0.67 and 2.77 ± 0.75, respectively. CONCLUSIONS It was determined that the training given to the pediatric nurses about artificial intelligence and robot nurses increased the nurses' knowledge levels and their artificial intelligence attitude scores, but this increase in the artificial intelligence attitude scores was not significant. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The use of artificial intelligence and robotics or advanced technology in pediatric nursing care can be fostered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Karaarslan
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Uncubozköy Mahallesi, Manisa 45030, Türkiye.
| | - Ayşe Kahraman
- Ege University, Faculty of Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Izmir, Türkiye.
| | - Eda Ergin
- Bakircay University, Health Sciences Faculty, Nursing Department, Izmir, Türkiye.
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Lermann Henestrosa A, Kimmerle J. Understanding and Perception of Automated Text Generation among the Public: Two Surveys with Representative Samples in Germany. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:353. [PMID: 38785844 PMCID: PMC11118015 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Automated text generation (ATG) technology has evolved rapidly in the last several years, enabling the spread of content produced by artificial intelligence (AI). In addition, with the release of ChatGPT, virtually everyone can now create naturally sounding text on any topic. To optimize future use and understand how humans interact with these technologies, it is essential to capture people's attitudes and beliefs. However, research on ATG perception is lacking. Based on two representative surveys (March 2022: n1 = 1028; July 2023: n2 = 1013), we aimed to examine the German population's concepts of and attitudes toward AI authorship. The results revealed a preference for human authorship across a wide range of topics and a lack of knowledge concerning the function, data sources, and responsibilities of ATG. Using multiple regression analysis with k-fold cross-validation, we identified people's attitude toward using ATG, performance expectancy, general attitudes toward AI, and lay attitude toward ChatGPT and ATG as significant predictors of the intention to read AI-written texts in the future. Despite the release of ChatGPT, we observed stability across most variables and minor differences between the two survey points regarding concepts about ATG. We discuss the findings against the backdrop of the ever-increasing availability of automated content and the need for an intensive societal debate about its chances and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joachim Kimmerle
- Knowledge Construction Lab, Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Department of Psychology, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Higby E, Castillo MM, Aranda A, Nicholas K, Datta H. Pedagogical Approaches to Cultural and Linguistic Diversity in Communication Sciences and Disorders Programs: A Nationwide Survey. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38648532 DOI: 10.1044/2024_ajslp-23-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates how instructors in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) programs teach about cultural and linguistic diversity (CLD) in general-content courses as well as those dedicated to CLD content with the goal of identifying ways of improving training of preservice clinicians to provide culturally responsive service delivery. METHOD A survey was sent to 4,192 instructors in CSD programs at 295 institutions in the United States and Puerto Rico, of which 565 responded. The survey contained choice response questions and open-ended questions. RESULTS Curricular infusion as the sole strategy of CLD training has decreased since a similar survey was published by Stockman et al. (2008), while the number of programs that offer courses dedicated to CLD or use both strategies has increased. Dedicated CLD courses offer broader training in CLD issues and are considered more effective at preparing students to work with CLD populations. A number of challenges were identified, such as a lack of available resources or time to cover CLD issues. CONCLUSIONS A combination of curricular infusion and dedicated CLD coursework is recommended to ensure sufficient training in CLD issues. The development of additional resources is needed to better support instructors in both general-content and CLD-dedicated courses. Finally, CLD training should engage students in challenging unjust systems and harmful ideologies and not just celebrate multiculturalism in order to provide culturally responsive service to all clients. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25587651.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Higby
- California State University, East Bay, Hayward
| | | | | | | | - Hia Datta
- Molloy University, Rockville Centre, NY
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De Mesa RYH, Galingana CLT, Tan-Lim CSC, Javelosa MAU, Panganiban JMS, Fabian NMC, Calderon Y, Rey MP, Bernal-Sundiang N, Sanchez JT, Dans LF, Casile RU, Dans AL. Facing the digital frontier: exploring user acceptance of electronic health records in an urban, rural and remote setting in the Philippines. BMJ Open Qual 2024; 13:e002621. [PMID: 38637020 PMCID: PMC11029422 DOI: 10.1136/bmjoq-2023-002621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A thorough understanding of user needs and behavioural intent-to-use underpins the development of a responsive health information system. This study aimed to examine health workers' intent-to-use an electronic health record (EHR) system in an urban, rural and remote setting in the Philippines. METHODS Following the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology framework, user acceptance and the factors influencing intent-to-use the EHR were examined through a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 128 EHR users, comprising physicians, nurses, midwives, barangay health workers and administrative staff, were surveyed. Median scores for each domain were compared across the sites using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Ridge regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with behavioural intent-to-use. RESULTS Over 94% of users across all sites reported their intent-to-use the EHR in the near future. Of the seven predictor variables examined, only self-efficacy was found to be significantly associated with behavioural intent-to-use. Intent-to-use the EHR increased by 31% (p=0.007) for each unit increase in self-efficacy score among participants. DISCUSSION Acceptance was high across the three sites, with self-efficacy being a predictor of intent-to-use the technology. This suggests that users are more likely to adopt an EHR if they believe they have the capacity to successfully navigate the technology and perform their designated tasks with it. CONCLUSION Co-producing interventions with primary care providers is crucial in sustaining EHR systems. Rather than developing a technology based on the surveillance needs of policymakers, an EHR developed from the grassroots was shown to be well-received by end-users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Ynez H De Mesa
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Cara Lois T Galingana
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Carol Stephanie C Tan-Lim
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Mark Anthony U Javelosa
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Noleen Marie C Fabian
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
- University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center Inc, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Ysabela Calderon
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Mia P Rey
- Department of Accounting and Finance, Cesar E.A. Virata School of Business, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Nannette Bernal-Sundiang
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Josephine T Sanchez
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Leonila F Dans
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ray U Casile
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Antonio L Dans
- Center for Integrative and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
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Iwatani S, Watamura E. Antecedents of social media addiction in high and low relational mobility societies: Motivation to expand social network and fear of reputational damage. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300681. [PMID: 38635809 PMCID: PMC11025950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Contrary to previous studies on the antecedent factors of social media addiction, we focused on the social environmental factor of relational mobility (i.e., the ease of constructing new interpersonal relationships) and investigated its relationship with social media addiction. People in low relational mobility societies have fewer opportunities to select new relationship partners and consequently feel a stronger need to maintain their reputation. We hypothesized that (1) people in low relational mobility societies are more strongly addicted to social media because they estimate that greater reputational damage will be caused by ignoring messages and (2) people in low relational mobility societies estimate greater reputational damage than actual damage. We conducted two online experiments with 715 and 1,826 participants. Our results demonstrated that (1) there is no relationship between relational mobility and social media addiction and (2) people in both high and low relational mobility societies overestimate reputational damage. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the social media addiction mechanism differs between societies: (3) people in low relational mobility societies estimate greater reputational damage, whereas (4) people in high relational mobility societies are more motivated to expand their social networks; both mechanisms strengthen their social media addiction. Based on these results, we propose interventions for moderating social media addiction in both high and low relational mobility societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuma Iwatani
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Munyangaju I, José B, Esmail R, Palmer M, Santiago B, Hernanz-Lobo A, Mutemba C, Perez P, Tlhapi LH, Mudaly V, Pitcher RD, Jahnen A, Carruana EV, López-Varela E, Thierry-Chef I. Evaluation of radiological capacity and usage in paediatric TB diagnosis: A mixed-method protocol of a comparative study in Mozambique, South Africa and Spain. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299293. [PMID: 38635846 PMCID: PMC11025952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis remains one of the top ten causes of mortality globally. Children accounted for 12% of all TB cases and 18% of all TB deaths in 2022. Paediatric TB is difficult to diagnose with conventional laboratory tests, and chest radiographs remain crucial. However, in low-and middle-income countries with high TB burden, the capacity for radiological diagnosis of paediatric TB is rarely documented and data on the associated radiation exposure limited. METHODS A multicentre, mixed-methods study is proposed in three countries, Mozambique, South Africa and Spain. At the national level, official registry databases will be utilised to retrospectively compile an inventory of licensed imaging resources (mainly X-ray and Computed Tomography (CT) scan equipment) for the year 2021. At the selected health facility level, three descriptive cross-sectional standardised surveys will be conducted to assess radiology capacity, radiological imaging diagnostic use for paediatric TB diagnosis, and radiation protection optimization: a site survey, a clinician-targeted survey, and a radiology staff-targeted survey, respectively. At the patient level, potential dose optimisation will be assessed for children under 16 years of age who were diagnosed and treated for TB in selected sites in each country. For this component, a retrospective analysis of dosimetry will be performed on TB and radiology data routinely collected at the respective sites. National inventory data will be presented as the number of units per million people by modality, region and country. Descriptive analyses will be conducted on survey data, including the demographic, clinical and programmatic characteristics of children treated for TB who had imaging examinations (chest X-ray (CXR) and/or CT scan). Dose exposure analysis will be performed by children's age, gender and disease spectrum. DISCUSSION As far as we know, this is the first multicentre and multi-national study to compare radiological capacity, radiation protection optimization and practices between high and low TB burden settings in the context of childhood TB management. The planned comparative analyses will inform policy-makers of existing radiological capacity and deficiencies, allowing better resource prioritisation. It will inform clinicians and radiologists on best practices and means to optimise the use of radiological technology in paediatric TB management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Munyangaju
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Medicine and Translational Research Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Benedita José
- National Tuberculosis Control Program, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Ridwaan Esmail
- Imaging Division, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Megan Palmer
- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Begoña Santiago
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Research Health Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Hernanz-Lobo
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Gregorio Marañón Research Health Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Crimenia Mutemba
- National Tuberculosis Control Program, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Patricia Perez
- National Paediatric TB Working Group, Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | - Vanessa Mudaly
- Service Priorities Coordination (SPC) Directorate, Department of Health, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Richard D. Pitcher
- Department of Medical Imaging and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andreas Jahnen
- ITIS Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg
| | - Eliseo Vañó Carruana
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine of the Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa López-Varela
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Medicine and Translational Research Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabelle Thierry-Chef
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Medicine and Translational Research Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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Hernandez R, Schneider S, Pinkham AE, Depp CA, Ackerman R, Pyatak EA, Badal VD, Moore RC, Harvey PD, Funsch K, Stone AA. Comparisons of Self-Report With Objective Measurements Suggest Faster Responding but Little Change in Response Quality Over Time in Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies. Assessment 2024:10731911241245793. [PMID: 38634454 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241245793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Response times (RTs) to ecological momentary assessment (EMA) items often decrease after repeated EMA administration, but whether this is accompanied by lower response quality requires investigation. We examined the relationship between EMA item RTs and EMA response quality. In one data set, declining response quality was operationalized as decreasing correspondence over time between subjective and objective measures of blood glucose taken at the same time. In a second EMA study data set, declining response quality was operationalized as decreasing correspondence between subjective ratings of memory test performance and objective memory test scores. We assumed that measurement error in the objective measures did not increase across time, meaning that decreasing correspondence across days within a person could be attributed to lower response quality. RTs to EMA items decreased across study days, while no decrements in the mean response quality were observed. Decreasing EMA item RTs across study days did not appear problematic overall.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Colin A Depp
- University of California San Diego, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Philip D Harvey
- University of Miami, FL, USA
- Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL, USA
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Szapary A, Feher G, Radvanyi I, Fejes E, Nagy GD, Jancsak C, Horvath L, Banko Z, Berke G, Kapus K. Problematic usage of the internet among Hungarian elementary school children: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1073. [PMID: 38632614 PMCID: PMC11025196 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Problematic usage of the internet (PUI) is perhaps one of the most frequently studied phenomena of the 21st century receiving increasing attention in both scientific literature and the media. Despite intensive research there have been relatively few meaningful studies among elementary school students in Hungary and worldwide, who may be considered as a high-risk population with regard to problematic internet use. The aim of our study was to carry out a complex research focusing on the prevalence and risk factors of PUI among elementary school children aged 10-15 years (Grade 5-8). METHODS Demographics included were gender, age, place of stay, type of residence, family type, parental education, start of internet use, used devices, daily internet use, purpose of internet use, internet accounts, ways of keeping in touch with friends and sporting activities. PUI was evaluated using the paper-based version of the Potentially Problematic Use of the Internet Questionnaire. RESULTS Overall, 2000 paper-based questionnaires were successfully delivered and the final analysis included 1168 responses (overall response rate 58.4%). Mean age was 12.55 ± 1.24 years. Female gender (OR = 2.760, p = 0,006, CI 95% 0.065 to 0.384), younger age (11-12 years) (OR = 3.812, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.747-4.731), early exposure to the internet (OR = 3.466, p = 0.001, 95% CI 1.535-5.446), living in a small village (OR = 1.081, p = 0.002, 95% CI 1.041-1.186) urgency to answer online (OR = 4.677, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 2.714-6.639), decreased frequency of personal contact with friends (OR = 2.897, p = 0.004, 95% CI: 1.037-1.681), spending more than 6 h online (OR = 12.913, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 10.798-14.892), morning and nighttime internet use (OR = 3.846, p < 0.001, CI 95% 1.886-5.810) and never doing any sports (OR = 2.016, p = 0.044, 95% CI: 1.050-3.354) were independently associated with problematic internet use. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of our questionnaire survey more than 10% seemed to be problematic users in our study population, which is a relatively high rate. Early exposure to the internet as well as younger age were strongly related to this phenomenon. Duration of being online as well as daily time interval of internet use are important predisposing factors. Scarcely studied social factors such as being online at the expense of personal relationships and the lack of physical activity should be payed more attention to prevent the development of PUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Szapary
- Centre for Occupational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Nyár u. 8, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Gergely Feher
- Centre for Occupational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Nyár u. 8, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
- Department of Primary Health Care, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7623, Hungary.
- Interdisciplinary R&D and Innovation Center of Excellence, Social Responsibility Competence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
| | - Ildiko Radvanyi
- Centre for Occupational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Nyár u. 8, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Eva Fejes
- Hospital of Komló, Komló, 7300, Hungary
| | - Gabor Daniel Nagy
- Interdisciplinary R&D and Innovation Center of Excellence, Social Responsibility Competence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- JGYPK Department of Applied Social Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Csaba Jancsak
- Interdisciplinary R&D and Innovation Center of Excellence, Social Responsibility Competence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- JGYPK Department of Applied Social Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Lilla Horvath
- Centre for Occupational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Nyár u. 8, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Banko
- Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law, Faculty of Law, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7622, Hungary
| | - Gyula Berke
- Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law, Faculty of Law, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7622, Hungary
| | - Krisztian Kapus
- Department of Primary Health Care, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7623, Hungary
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Gaube S, Biebl I, Engelmann MKM, Kleine AK, Lermer E. Comparing preferences for skin cancer screening: AI-enabled app vs dermatologist. Soc Sci Med 2024; 349:116871. [PMID: 38640741 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Skin cancer is a major public health issue. While self-examinations and professional screenings are recommended, they are rarely performed. Mobile health (mHealth) apps utilising artificial intelligence (AI) for skin cancer screening offer a potential solution to aid self-examinations; however, their uptake is low. Therefore, the aim of this research was to examine provider and user characteristics influencing people's decisions to seek skin cancer screening performed by a mHealth app or a dermatologist. METHODS Two forced-choice conjoint experiments with Nmain = 1591 and Nreplication = 308 participants from the United States were conducted online to investigate preferences for screening providers. In addition to the provider type (mHealth app vs dermatologist), the following provider attributes were manipulated: costs, expertise, privacy policy, and result details. Subsequently, a questionnaire assessed various user characteristics, including demographics, attitudes toward AI technology and medical mistrust. RESULTS Outcomes were consistent across the two studies. The provider type was the most influential factor, with the dermatologist being selected more often than the mHealth app. Cost, expertise, and privacy policy also significantly impacted decisions. Demographic subgroup analyses showed rather consistent preference trends across various age, gender, and ethnicity groups. Individuals with greater medical mistrust were more inclined to choose the mHealth app. Trust, accuracy, and quality ratings were higher for the dermatologist, whether selected or not. CONCLUSION Our results offer valuable insights for technology developers, healthcare providers, and policymakers, contributing to unlocking the potential of skin cancer screening apps in bridging healthcare gaps in underserved communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Gaube
- UCL Global Business School for Health, University College London, UCL East - Marshgate, 7 Sidings St, London, E20 2AE, United Kingdom.
| | - Isabell Biebl
- Center for Leadership and People Management, Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Anne-Kathrin Kleine
- Center for Leadership and People Management, Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Lermer
- Center for Leadership and People Management, Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, Munich, Germany; Department of Business Psychology, Technical University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, An der Hochschule 1, 86161, Augsburg, Germany
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Pan J, Ishak NA, Qin Y. The application of Moore's online learning interactions model in learning outcomes: The SOR (stimulus-organism-response) paradigm perspective. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28505. [PMID: 38586353 PMCID: PMC10998064 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study presents an in-depth exploration of the impact of online learning interactions on student learning outcomes. Drawing from the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) paradigm, our study focuses on the effects of online learning interactions on learners' perception usefulness and ease of use, subsequently impacting their learning outcomes. The study employs a quantitative research methodology, gathering data from a sample of 397 students enrolled in various higher education institutions across China. Data collection involved administering structured questionnaires that were designed to quantitatively assess the three components of the SOR model: stimulus (online learning interactions), organism (students' perceptions), and response (learning outcomes). The measurement model assessment and structural model assessment were conducted. Our findings reveal that online learning interactions can effectively enhance learners' perception of online learning (usefulness and ease of use), thereby influencing their learning outcomes. Notably, perceived usefulness negatively mediates the relationship between online learning interactions and learning outcomes, while perceived ease of use positively mediates this relationship. These findings offer both theoretical and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Pan
- School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nor Asniza Ishak
- School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yao Qin
- School of Xiaqing Communication, Handan University, Hebei, China
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84
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Alwerthan TA. Satisfaction of essential needs in E-learning as a mediator of the links between students' attitudes and ethical misbehaviors. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28476. [PMID: 38596073 PMCID: PMC11002596 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the links between attitudes toward e-learning, satisfaction of essential needs in e-learning and ethical misbehavior in a survey of 1001 students from different higher education institutions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Structural equation modeling analyses present-that a positive attitude toward e-learning was linked to lower levels of ethical issues, and those links were explained in part (i.e., mediated) by higher levels of the satisfaction of essential needs. In contrast, an unaccepted view about e-learning was associated with lower levels of the satisfaction of essential needs during E-learning and correspondingly higher levels of ethical misbehavior engagement. The effects are tackled in the sense of essential-need satisfaction in e-learning, principled themes, and exposure to e-learning.
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85
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Jiao Z, Chen Y, Lyu C. Factors correlated with personal growth initiative among college students: A meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28518. [PMID: 38689971 PMCID: PMC11059555 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In higher education, Personal growth initiative (PGI) has been the focus of attention, personal growth initiative is a fundamental mechanism for individual advancement, equipping college students with the resilience to navigate obstacles and bolstering self-enhancement. The present study comprehensively synthesizes existing research on the factors correlated with personal growth initiative among collegiate populations, aims to identify all correlated factors of college students' personal growth initiative, and the level of correlation. A systematic search was conducted through Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, JSTOR, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online Library, as well as manually search in Google Schalor, spanning to collate research on college students' personal growth initiative. Quantitative synthesis was performed using STATA 17, while sensitivity was tested using a change effect model approach and publication bias was assessed employing Egger's test. After applying the Bonferroni correction, this study found that 18 factors were significantly positively correlated with college students' personal growth initiative, including 4 high-level correlated factors, 10 medium-level correlated factors, and 4 low-level correlated factors, as well as 4 factors were significantly negatively correlated, including 1 medium-level correlated factor and 3 low-level correlated factors. These findings offer valuable insights into personal growth initiative among college students, and the reference for educators and institutional leaders aiming to foster personal growth initiative for college student self-development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zun Jiao
- Department of Literature, Qingdao Film Academy, Qingdao, China
| | - You Chen
- School of Housing, Building & Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chunwei Lyu
- School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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86
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Villodas ML. Suicidality and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Narrative Review of Measurement, Risk, and Disparities among Minoritized and System-Involved Youth in the USA. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:466. [PMID: 38671683 PMCID: PMC11048987 DOI: 10.3390/children11040466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Suicidality and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among youth in the United States continue to be a growing and serious public health concern. With alarming rates of suicide trending in the wrong direction, researchers are committed to bending the curve of suicide and reducing rates by 2025. Understanding the antecedents and conditions, existing measures, and disparate prevalence rates across minoritized groups is imperative for developing effective strategies for meeting this goal. This study presents a narrative review of the operationalization, measurement, risk factors (e.g., firearms and social media), and disparities across race, ethnicity, age, gender identity, ability, sexual orientation, immigration statuses, and system involvement (e.g., foster care and juvenile justice) of suicidality and non-suicidal self-harm across youth in the United States. Implications for research, practice, and policy approaches that incorporate positive youth development, cultural, and youth participation in interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Villodas
- Department of Social Work, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
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87
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Beitner J, Helbing J, David EJ, Võ MLH. Using a flashlight-contingent window paradigm to investigate visual search and object memory in virtual reality and on computer screens. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8596. [PMID: 38615047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58941-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
A popular technique to modulate visual input during search is to use gaze-contingent windows. However, these are often rather discomforting, providing the impression of visual impairment. To counteract this, we asked participants in this study to search through illuminated as well as dark three-dimensional scenes using a more naturalistic flashlight with which they could illuminate the rooms. In a surprise incidental memory task, we tested the identities and locations of objects encountered during search. Importantly, we tested this study design in both immersive virtual reality (VR; Experiment 1) and on a desktop-computer screen (Experiment 2). As hypothesized, searching with a flashlight increased search difficulty and memory usage during search. We found a memory benefit for identities of distractors in the flashlight condition in VR but not in the computer screen experiment. Surprisingly, location memory was comparable across search conditions despite the enormous difference in visual input. Subtle differences across experiments only appeared in VR after accounting for previous recognition performance, hinting at a benefit of flashlight search in VR. Our findings highlight that removing visual information does not necessarily impair location memory, and that screen experiments using virtual environments can elicit the same major effects as VR setups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Beitner
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Jason Helbing
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Erwan Joël David
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LIUM, Le Mans Université, Le Mans, France
| | - Melissa Lê-Hoa Võ
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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88
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Tekeci Y, Torpil B, Altuntaş O. The Impact of Screen Exposure on Screen Addiction and Sensory Processing in Typically Developing Children Aged 6-10 Years. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:464. [PMID: 38671681 PMCID: PMC11049253 DOI: 10.3390/children11040464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
As technology continues to develop, children are spending more time in front of screens, which can lead to significant problems. For children aged 5 years and above, screen time of 2 or more hours per day on average is considered problematic. This study aimed to investigate the impact of screen exposure on screen addiction and sensory processing in typically developing children aged 6-10 years. The study analyzed 74 children who had a screen exposure time of 2 h or more and 71 children who had a screen exposure time of less than 2 h. The Dunn Sensory Profile was used to evaluate sensory processing skills, and the Problematic Media Use Scale was used to measure screen addiction. The group with high screen exposure showed statistically significant differences in screen addiction, distraction, and sedentary factors (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in other parameters. Based on these findings, it has been determined that excessive screen exposure leads to a more sedentary lifestyle, increased screen addiction, and distraction in typically developing children aged 6-10 years. It is important to consider the duration of screen exposure in typically developing children aged 6-10 years and to conduct further studies on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Tekeci
- Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Gülhane Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara 06018, Turkey;
| | - Berkan Torpil
- Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Gülhane Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara 06018, Turkey;
| | - Onur Altuntaş
- Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06018, Turkey;
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89
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Virtanen T, Lassfolk C, Davydiuk A, Noorma M. Reintegration of cyber veterans: challenges and strategies for post-war transition. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1373245. [PMID: 38680275 PMCID: PMC11046731 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1373245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Battles in the cyber domain often lack visibility compared to the physical domain, which can lead to insufficient appreciation of its actors' achievements by the general public and society. Nonetheless, it has become a crucial area of modern warfare in which cyber professionals defend the nation's critical infrastructure, support other military operations and achieve military objectives that could not be attained in other domains. Although cyber combatants might not have as high a risk of injury or death as those on the front lines, they still can face traumatic events and suffer from the same types of issues after the war as any other veteran. Earlier studies on war veterans have shown they have elevated risks of mental health issues, substance use, social problems and financial difficulties which might push some individuals towards a path of crime. The cyber domain is also not limited by time or place, which has given rise to cyber volunteerism in which skilled individuals around the globe decide to assist their own country or friendly nations. This publication aims to identify the challenges cyber veterans might face when transitioning back to civilian life and develop appropriate strategies to facilitate their reintegration. It also raises the awareness of the hundreds of thousands of volunteers who can develop similar problems after the war. Without proper awareness, support and dialogue, some of these individuals can also drift towards harmful social implications such as cybercrime.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina Lassfolk
- NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCDCOE), Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Andrii Davydiuk
- NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCDCOE), Tallinn, Estonia
- State Special Communications Service of Ukraine (SSSCIP), Kyiv, Ukraine
- Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NAN Ukraine), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Mart Noorma
- NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCDCOE), Tallinn, Estonia
- Tartu Observatory, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Tartu County, Estonia
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90
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Benligiray S, Güngör AY, Akbaş İ. Measuring remote working skills: Scale development and validation study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299074. [PMID: 38603683 PMCID: PMC11008841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Remote work, one of the most significant working arrangements of today, requires certain employee skills. Although there are some hints, there is not much information in the literature on this subject. This study aims to identify the skills required for productive remote working activities and to develop a scale for measuring these skills. For this purpose, a thorough review of the literature, consultation with experts, and analysis of data obtained from four samples with remote working experience were all conducted. Within this context, item generation and content validation, initial factor structure analysis, and factor structure confirmation and construct validity examination were performed. Consequently, the Remote Working Skills Scale was developed, which has 36 items and five dimensions (cybersecurity, problem-solving, time management, verbal communication, and written communication).
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Benligiray
- Department of Business Administration, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Abdullah Y. Güngör
- Department of Business Administration, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - İlkay Akbaş
- Department of Business Administration, Beykoz University, İstanbul, Türkiye
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91
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Hygen BW, Wendelborg C, Solstad BE, Stenseng F, Øverland MB, Skalicka V. Gaming motivation and well-being among Norwegian adult gamers: the role of gender and disability. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 6:1330926. [PMID: 38666068 PMCID: PMC11043479 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2024.1330926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Digital gaming is a popular and often social activity, also among adults. However, we need more knowledge of the social dynamics of gaming and its potential benefits for one's well-being. The current study aimed to examine gaming motivation, time spent gaming, and gaming performed together with friends, family, or romantic partner and how these aspects relate to expanded social network and well-being among men and women with and without disability. Methods Regular players of the popular game Fortnite Battle Royale (FBR; N = 278, 48.5% women, Mage = 32.38) completed an online questionnaire assessing their motivations for playing FBR (social motivation, achievement motivation, novelty motivation), time spent gaming, whom they usually play with, their psychological well-being, and FBR's impact on their life and social network. Differentiated statistical analyses on gender and disability were performed. Results and discussion The results showed that time spent gaming and social motivation to play were associated with larger social networks for all participants (strongest for women). More time spent gaming FBR was also associated with a positive impact on life for those with a disability. Social motivation to play was positively associated with a positive impact on life for men and those without a disability and increased well-being for women. Novelty motivation, which concerns experiencing new features in the game, was associated with a positive impact on life for women and with a decrease in well-being for those with a disability. This study demonstrated that gaming can be an essential social arena associated with positive outcomes for men, women and disabled people, who-when socially motivated-may expand their social networks through gaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate W. Hygen
- Department of Diversity and Inclusion, NTNU Social Research, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | | | - Bård Erlend Solstad
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Frode Stenseng
- Department of Education and Lifelong Learning, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mari Bore Øverland
- Department of Diversity and Inclusion, NTNU Social Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vera Skalicka
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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92
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Oliveira J, Pedras S, Inman RA, Ramalho SM. Latent profiles of emotion regulation among university students: links to repetitive negative thinking, internet addiction, and subjective wellbeing. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1272643. [PMID: 38659673 PMCID: PMC11040100 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1272643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen a deterioration in the mental health of university students and notable surge in the need for psychological support. Due to its links to psychopathology and high-risk behaviors, difficulty in emotion regulation frequently serves as a transdiagnostic dimension. This cross-sectional study used a person-centered analytical approach (latent profile analysis; LPA) to identify groups of Portuguese university students with similar profiles of emotion regulation difficulties (N = 261; Mage = 22.5 ± 1.2 years; n = 213 female) and describe how these groups differ in their presentation of repetitive negative thinking, internet addiction, and subjective wellbeing. The analyses identified four latent profiles: 14.5% of students showed global dysregulation (the Low Emotion Regulation Profile), 23% were moderately dysregulated with elevated problems in goal-directed behavior (the Moderate Emotion Regulation Profile), 8% showed specific difficulties with low emotional awareness and clarity (the Low Insight Profile), and 54.4% showed adaptive emotion regulation (the High Emotion Regulation Profile). As anticipated, the Low Emotion Regulation Profile had the lowest subjective wellbeing and the highest prevalence of repetitive negative thinking and internet addiction. Students with a Low Insight Profile also showed low subjective wellbeing, but less repetitive negative thinking compared to the Low Emotion Regulation Profile. Our findings suggest that interventions aimed at improving health and wellbeing among university students should consider each student's unique set of emotion regulation difficulties, rather than focusing on particular strategies. Further research may help determine whether emotion regulation profiles can serve as predictive indicators of varying mental health trajectories and subjective wellbeing in university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Oliveira
- Centro de Investigação em Psicologia para o Desenvolvimento (CIPD) [The Psychology for Development Research Center], Instituto de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação (IPCE), Universidade Lusíada, Porto, Portugal
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93
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Triberti S, Di Fuccio R, Scuotto C, Marsico E, Limone P. "Better than my professor?" How to develop artificial intelligence tools for higher education. Front Artif Intell 2024; 7:1329605. [PMID: 38665370 PMCID: PMC11044698 DOI: 10.3389/frai.2024.1329605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are currently designed and tested in many fields to improve humans' ability to make decisions. One of these fields is higher education. For example, AI-based chatbots ("conversational pedagogical agents") could engage in conversations with students in order to provide timely feedback and responses to questions while the learning process is taking place and to collect data to personalize the delivery of course materials. However, many existent tools are able to perform tasks that human professionals (educators, tutors, professors) could perform, just in a timelier manner. While discussing the possible implementation of AI-based tools in our university's educational programs, we reviewed the current literature and identified a number of capabilities that future AI solutions may feature, in order to improve higher education processes, with a focus on distance higher education. Specifically, we suggest that innovative tools could influence the methodologies by which students approach learning; facilitate connections and information attainment beyond course materials; support the communication with the professor; and, draw from motivation theories to foster learning engagement, in a personalized manner. Future research should explore high-level opportunities represented by AI for higher education, including their effects on learning outcomes and the quality of the learning experience as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Triberti
- Department of Psychology and Education, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Di Fuccio
- Department of Psychology and Education, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Scuotto
- Department of Psychology and Education, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marsico
- Department of Psychology and Education, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Limone
- Department of Psychology and Education, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
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94
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Zou X, Na Y, Lai K, Liu G. Unpacking public resistance to health Chatbots: a parallel mediation analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1276968. [PMID: 38659671 PMCID: PMC11041026 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1276968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the numerous potential benefits of health chatbots for personal health management, a substantial proportion of people oppose the use of such software applications. Building on the innovation resistance theory (IRT) and the prototype willingness model (PWM), this study investigated the functional barriers, psychological barriers, and negative prototype perception antecedents of individuals' resistance to health chatbots, as well as the rational and irrational psychological mechanisms underlying their linkages. Methods Data from 398 participants were used to construct a partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM). Results Resistance intention mediated the relationship between functional barriers, psychological barriers, and resistance behavioral tendency, respectively. Furthermore, The relationship between negative prototype perceptions and resistance behavioral tendency was mediated by resistance intention and resistance willingness. Moreover, negative prototype perceptions were a more effective predictor of resistance behavioral tendency through resistance willingness than functional and psychological barriers. Discussion By investigating the role of irrational factors in health chatbot resistance, this study expands the scope of the IRT to explain the psychological mechanisms underlying individuals' resistance to health chatbots. Interventions to address people's resistance to health chatbots are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqian Zou
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxiang Na
- School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaisheng Lai
- School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guan Liu
- Center for Computational Communication Studies, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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95
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Kaufmann E, Reips UD. Meta-analysis in a digitalized world: A step-by-step primer. Behav Res Methods 2024:10.3758/s13428-024-02374-8. [PMID: 38575774 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-024-02374-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, much research and many data sources have become digital. Some advantages of digital or Internet-based research, compared to traditional lab research (e.g., comprehensive data collection and storage, availability of data) are ideal for an improved meta-analyses approach.In the meantime, in meta-analyses research, different types of meta-analyses have been developed to provide research syntheses with accurate quantitative estimations. Due to its rich and unique palette of corrections, we recommend to using the Schmidt and Hunter approach for meta-analyses in a digitalized world. Our primer shows in a step-by-step fashion how to conduct a high quality meta-analysis considering digital data and highlights the most obvious pitfalls (e.g., using only a bare-bones meta-analysis, no data comparison) not only in aggregation of the data, but also in the literature search and coding procedure which are essential steps in any meta-analysis. Thus, this primer of meta-analyses is especially suited for a situation where much of future research is headed to: digital research. To map Internet-based research and to reveal any research gap, we further synthesize meta-analyses on Internet-based research (15 articles containing 24 different meta-analyses, on 745 studies, with 1,601 effect sizes), resulting in the first mega meta-analysis of the field. We found a lack of individual participant data (e.g., age and nationality). Hence, we provide a primer for high-quality meta-analyses and mega meta-analyses that applies to much of coming research and also basic hands-on knowledge to conduct or judge the quality of a meta-analyses in a digitalized world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Kaufmann
- Research Methods, Assessment, and iScience, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Ulf-Dietrich Reips
- Research Methods, Assessment, and iScience, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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96
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Xu J, Whelan E, O'Brien A, O'Hora D. Does Self-View Mode Generate More Videoconferencing Fatigue in Women than Men? An Experiment Using EEG Signals. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2024. [PMID: 38574294 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The ability to see or hide one's own image is a typical feature of videoconferencing platforms. Previous research, informed primarily by self-reported data, has suggested that enabling self-view mode is associated with videoconferencing fatigue, particularly for women. Our goal in this study is to test this assumption by gathering neurophysiological evidence. We conducted an experiment using electroencephalography (EEG) with 32 volunteers (16 men and 16 women), who each participated in a live video meeting with the self-view mode both on and off. Our findings confirm the effects of self-view on fatigue, with significantly greater alpha activity when self-view was on than when it was off. Alpha activity did not change significantly across a 20-minute session, and was not significantly different for men or women. Thus, our study does not replicate previous findings that women experience greater videoconferencing fatigue because of the increased self-awareness generated when viewing themselves on a screen. We discuss why our EEG findings may diverge from prior self-reported studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Eoin Whelan
- Business Information Systems, J.E. Cairnes School of Business & Economics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ann O'Brien
- Business Information Systems, J.E. Cairnes School of Business & Economics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Denis O'Hora
- School of Psychology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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97
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Kassie SA. Educators as agents of breadth-biased learning: using social reconstructionism as rationale for embracing media multitasking and enhancing teaching practices in higher education. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1356232. [PMID: 38633872 PMCID: PMC11021782 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1356232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This perspective article contends that media multitasking has significant implications on cognitive control processes, particularly in how information is processed and utilized. Contrary to viewing media multitasking as inherently negative, the article argues that it contributes to the evolving nature of cognitive processing, without necessarily improving or degrading it. The discussion draws on theoretical frameworks from contemporary cognitive neuroscience to contextualize these arguments. The article provides a nuanced perspective on media multitasking, acknowledging its enduring presence and exploring its influence on cognitive processes, while also proposing strategies for educators to navigate its implications in educational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seada A. Kassie
- Department of Psychology, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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98
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Kuramoto Y, Nabeshima H, Khan MSR, Kadoya Y. How Does Smartphone Use Impact Loneliness in the Post-COVID Landscape in Japan? Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:294. [PMID: 38667090 PMCID: PMC11047396 DOI: 10.3390/bs14040294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Smartphone use during the active phase of the COVID-19 pandemic emerged as a crucial means of facilitating communication when strict physical distancing was recommended. Previous studies conducted during the pandemic have suggested that smartphone use contributes to reduced loneliness. However, the influence of smartphone usage on the experience of loneliness in the aftermath of the active phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, also referred to as the post-COVID era, remains unclear, particularly because many physical communication restrictions were lifted during this period. To explore the association of smartphone use with the experience of loneliness in the post-COVID era, we analyzed the latest data from 2022 and 2023, when the COVID-19 pandemic gradually concluded. Our findings revealed that, in 2023, smartphone use increased the risk of loneliness among individuals aged 50-64 years. Conversely, among the younger generations, increased smartphone use was associated with decreased loneliness. The results of our study suggest that smartphones can serve as a significant tool for alleviating loneliness among the younger generations during the post-pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mostafa Saidur Rahim Khan
- School of Economics, Hiroshima University, 1-2-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 7398525, Hiroshima, Japan; (Y.K.); (H.N.); (Y.K.)
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99
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Farmer G, Lloyd J. Two Sides of the Same Virtual Coin: Investigating Psychosocial Effects of Video Game Play, including Stress Relief Motivations as a Gateway to Problematic Video Game Usage. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:772. [PMID: 38610194 PMCID: PMC11011277 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12070772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Video gamers can play to negate the psychological impact of stress, which may become problematic when users over-rely on the stress relief potential of gaming. This study used a repeated measures experimental design to investigate the relationships between stress, video gaming, and problematic video gaming behaviours in a convenience sample of 40 students at a UK university. The results indicated that positive affect increased and negative affect decreased, whilst a biological stress measure (instantaneous pulse rate) also decreased after a short video gaming session (t(36) = 4.82, p < 0.001, d = 0.79). The results also suggested that video gaming can act as a short-term buffer against the physiological impact of stress. Further research should focus on testing individuals who have been tested for gaming disorder, as opposed to the general population. Research could also utilise variations of the methodological framework used in this study to examine the intensity of a stress relief effect under different social situations. The study's findings in relation to published works are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Farmer
- Westminster Centre for Psychological Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Joanne Lloyd
- Cyberpsychology Research—University of Wolverhampton, School of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK;
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Toniolo S, Zhao S, Scholcz A, Amein B, Ganse‐Dumrath A, Heslegrave AJ, Thompson S, Manohar S, Zetterberg H, Husain M. Relationship of plasma biomarkers to digital cognitive tests in Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 16:e12590. [PMID: 38623387 PMCID: PMC11016819 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A major limitation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research is the lack of the ability to measure cognitive performance at scale-robustly, remotely, and frequently. Currently, there are no established online digital platforms validated against plasma biomarkers of AD. METHODS We used a novel web-based platform that assessed different cognitive functions in AD patients (N = 46) and elderly controls (N = 53) who were also evaluated for plasma biomarkers (amyloid beta 42/40 ratio, phosphorylated tau ([p-tau]181, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament light chain). Their cognitive performance was compared to a second, larger group of elderly controls (N = 352). RESULTS Patients with AD were significantly impaired across all digital cognitive tests, with performance correlating with plasma biomarker levels, particularly p-tau181. The combination of p-tau181 and the single best-performing digital test achieved high accuracy in group classification. DISCUSSION These findings show how online testing can now be deployed in patients with AD to measure cognitive function effectively and related to blood biomarkers of the disease. Highlights This is the first study comparing online digital testing to plasma biomarkers.Alzheimer's disease patients and two independent cohorts of elderly controls were assessed.Cognitive performance correlated with plasma biomarkers, particularly phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181.Glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light chain, and less so the amyloid beta 42/40 ratio, were also associated with performance.The best cognitive metric performed at par to p-tau181 in group classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Toniolo
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Cognitive Disorders ClinicJR HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Sijia Zhao
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Anna Scholcz
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Benazir Amein
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Akke Ganse‐Dumrath
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Amanda J. Heslegrave
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUCLLondonUK
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | | | - Sanjay Manohar
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Cognitive Disorders ClinicJR HospitalOxfordUK
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUCLLondonUK
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesHong KongChina
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Masud Husain
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Cognitive Disorders ClinicJR HospitalOxfordUK
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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