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Zhang G, Feng W, Zhao L, Zhao X, Li T. The association between physical activity, self-efficacy, stress self-management and mental health among adolescents. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5488. [PMID: 38448518 PMCID: PMC10917799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the interplay between physical activity, self-efficacy, stress self-management and mental health among adolescents. The study gathered data from an online survey conducted among 400 Chinese middle school students (mean age = 13.74 years). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 and PROCESS 4.1. The findings indicated a positive and significant relationship between physical activity, self-efficacy, stress self-management, and mental health. Notably, the association between physical activity and mental health was entirely mediated by self-efficacy and stress self-management. Moreover, self-efficacy and stress self-management exhibited a chain mediation effect on the relationship between physical activity and mental health. It is suggested that interventions focusing on physical activity should prioritize strategies for enhancing students' self-efficacy and stress self-management skills as integral components of promoting adolescents' mental health. Future research should delve into identifying specific types of physical activities that have a greater potential to enhance self-efficacy and stress self-management abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Wanxuan Feng
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Liangyu Zhao
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Xiuhan Zhao
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China
| | - Tuojian Li
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
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52
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Hore-Lacy F, Gwini S, Glass DC, Dimitriadis C, Jimenez-Martin J, Hoy RF, Sim MR, Walker-Bone K, Fisher J. Psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) in silica-exposed workers from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:181. [PMID: 38439053 PMCID: PMC10913222 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) has been used in a range of occupational cohorts, but only recently in stone benchtop workers undergoing screening for silicosis. The aim of this study was to compare psychometric properties of the PSS-10 in stone benchtop workers amongst those born overseas or who used an interpreter. METHODS Stone benchtop workers in Melbourne, Australia completed the PSS-10 as part of their occupational screening for silicosis. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's α for the total score and the positive and negative subscales. Validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Analysis was performed for the total group and for subgroups according to sex, interpreter use, overseas-born, and language spoken at home. RESULTS The results of 682 workers with complete PSS-10 scores were included in analysis. Most participants were male (93%), with mean age 36.9 years (SD 11.4), with just over half (51.6%) born in Australia, 10.1% using an interpreter, and 17.5% using a language other than English at home. Cronbach's α for the overall group (α = 0.878) suggested good internal consistency. DISCUSSION CFA analysis for validity testing suggested PSS-10 performance was good for both sexes, moderate for country of birth and language spoken at home categories, but poorer for those who used an interpreter. Whilst professional interpreters provide a range of benefits in the clinical setting, the use of translated and validated instruments are important, particularly in cohorts with large numbers of migrant workers. CONCLUSION This study describes the psychometric properties of the PSS-10 in a population of stone benchtop workers, with good internal consistency, and mixed performance from validity testing across various subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Hore-Lacy
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
- Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | - Ryan F Hoy
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Coșa IM, Dobrean A, Balazsi R. Measurement Invariance of the Lemmens Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-9 Across Age, Gender, and Respondents. Psychiatr Q 2024; 95:137-155. [PMID: 38294619 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Although Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has gained increased attention in scientific, clinical, and community contexts, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the best assessment tools (i.e., self-report or other reports) for assessing its symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate the reliability, validity, and measurement invariance of both versions (youth and parent) of The Lemmens Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-9. To achieve this goal, we recruited between June and October 2019 from five Romanian highschools a total of 697 adolescents (11-19 years old) and one of their parents (N = 391). The internal consistency was good in both versions of the instrument (α = 0.772 for the youth version and α = 0.781 for the parent version). Construct validity assessed through confirmatory factor analysis showed support for the one factor structure of the scales, while multigroup confirmatory factor analysis endorsed the invariance across age, gender, and respondents (i.e., parent vs. youth report). The current research identifies both IGD scales to be reliable and valid, arguing for their utility for assessing IGD symptomatology among adolescents. Implications for theory, assessment, and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Maria Coșa
- International Institute for The Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeș-Bolyai University, Republicii Street 37, Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania
- Evidence Based Psychological Assessment and Interventions Doctoral School, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Dobrean
- International Institute for The Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeș-Bolyai University, Republicii Street 37, Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania.
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Republicii Street 37, Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania.
| | - Robert Balazsi
- Department of Psychology, Babeș-Bolyai University, No. 37, Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, 40015, Romania
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Cilligol Karabey S, Palanci A, Turan Z. How does smartphone addiction affect the lives of adolescents socially and academically?: a systematic review study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:631-654. [PMID: 37365771 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2229241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Today, adolescents tend to accept smartphones more quickly than adults and spend more time with these devices since they are members of the first generation born and living in environments where smartphones and the internet are common. However, when they use smartphones excessively and become addicted to smartphones, this may cause them to suffer from various psychological, emotional, and physical health problems from an early age. Therefore, this study systematically examines the articles on smartphone addiction in adolescents. For this purpose, the related articles were screened using the Web of Science database and 188 studies by the search criteria were subjected to a systematic review. In this sense, methodological tendencies, variables and main findings of the studies included in the present study were examined. This study revealed that the quantitative research method was primarily used. The studies mainly investigated smartphone use, social relations, demographic characteristics, depression, personal characteristics, and sleep variables. Moreover, the studies were primarily conducted in China, and large sample groups were preferred. The factors that triggered the smartphone addiction of adolescents were family problems, and especially females were more addicted to smartphones than males. Moreover, smartphone addiction causes depressive symptoms, sleep problems, and decreased academic achievement in adolescents. Finally, various suggestions were presented based on the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdulkadir Palanci
- Department of Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Faculty of Education, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Turan
- Department of Computer Education & Instructional Technology, Faculty of Education, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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55
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Zhang Z, Peng Y, Jiang Y, Chen T. The pictorial set of Emotional Social Interactive Scenarios between Chinese Adults (ESISCA): Development and validation. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:2581-2594. [PMID: 37528294 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Affective picture databases with a single facial expression or body posture in one image have been widely applied to investigate emotion. However, to date, there was no standardized database containing the stimuli which involve multiple emotional signals in social interactive scenarios. The current study thus developed a pictorial set comprising 274 images depicting two Chinese adults' interactive scenarios conveying emotions of happiness, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, and neutral. The data of the valence and arousal ratings of the scenes and the emotional categories of the scenes and the faces in the images were provided in the present study. Analyses of the data collected from 70 undergraduate students suggested high reliabilities of the valence and arousal ratings of the scenes and high judgmental agreements in categorizing the scene and facial emotions. The findings suggested that the present dataset is well constructed and could be useful for future studies to investigate the emotion recognition or empathy in social interactions in both healthy and clinical (e.g., ASD) populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yanqin Peng
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yiyao Jiang
- College of Arts and Sciences, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Tingji Chen
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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56
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Higgins WC, Kaplan DM, Deschrijver E, Ross RM. Construct validity evidence reporting practices for the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test: A systematic scoping review. Clin Psychol Rev 2024; 108:102378. [PMID: 38232573 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) is one of the most influential measures of social cognitive ability, and it has been used extensively in clinical populations. However, questions have been raised about the validity of RMET scores. We conducted a systematic scoping review of the validity evidence reported in studies that administered the RMET (n = 1461; of which 804 included at least one clinical sample) with a focus on six key dimensions: internal consistency, test-retest reliability, factor structure, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and known group validity. Strikingly, 63% of these studies failed to provide validity evidence from any of these six categories. Moreover, when evidence was reported, it frequently failed to meet widely accepted validity standards. Overall, our results suggest a troubling conclusion: the validity of RMET scores (and the research findings based on them) are largely unsubstantiated and uninterpretable. More broadly, this project demonstrates how unaddressed measurement issues can undermine a voluminous psychological literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy C Higgins
- Macquarie University, School of Psychological Sciences, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - David M Kaplan
- Macquarie University, School of Psychological Sciences, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Eliane Deschrijver
- Macquarie University, School of Psychological Sciences, NSW 2109, Australia; University of Sydney, School of Psychology, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Robert M Ross
- Macquarie University, Department of Philosophy, NSW 2109, Australia
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57
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Capute C, Quigley L, Bate J. The influence of attachment style on support and feedback seeking and depression severity among mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38424640 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The ways that people seek support during times of stress influence their mental health outcomes, including depression. Insecure attachment is a risk factor for depression and may also interfere with adaptive support and feedback-seeking behaviour during stress. The purpose of the present study was to test theorized associations between insecure attachment, support and feedback seeking, and changes in depression symptoms over 1 year, in a sample of mothers of school-age children in the context of stress elicited by the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Participants (N = 70 mothers) completed self-report measures of anxious and avoidant attachment and depression severity at baseline in spring 2020 and then completed measures of past-year engagement in direct and indirect support seeking and excessive reassurance seeking (ERS), preference for negative feedback, and depression severity at a follow-up assessment in summer 2021. RESULTS Greater attachment anxiety at baseline predicted more frequent direct support seeking, indirect support seeking, and ERS during the 1-year follow-up period. In turn, greater indirect support seeking predicted greater increases in depression from baseline to follow-up. Greater attachment avoidance at baseline predicted less direct support seeking during the 1-year follow-up period. Greater attachment avoidance at baseline also predicted depression severity at follow-up, particularly among mothers with moderate to high levels of attachment anxiety, although none of the examined support and feedback-seeking behaviours mediated this association. CONCLUSIONS These results provide support for the role of activated attachment systems in determining support and feedback-seeking behaviour during stress, as well as the role of support and feedback-seeking behaviour in the maintenance and exacerbation of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Capute
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Leanne Quigley
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jordan Bate
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, USA
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58
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Osin E, Boniwell I. Positive time use: a missing link between time perspective, time management, and well-being. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1087932. [PMID: 38469211 PMCID: PMC10927010 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1087932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The notion of satisfaction with the use of one's time has not been operationalized previously. Based on qualitative interviews, we propose a concept of positive time use comprised by four components: self-congruence of daily activities, balance between activities, efficient use of time, and a sense of mastery over one's time. Methods Using data from two UK adult samples (N = 173 and N = 357), we developed a new measure, Positive Time Use Inventory (PTUI), and investigated its structural and convergent validity. Results and discussion The associations of positive time use with balanced time perspective, affect balance, satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, and self-reported satisfaction with time use indicate convergent and discriminant validity of the new measure. Positive time use partially explained the associations of balanced time perspective with subjective well-being and fully mediated the effects of future time perspective and time management on subjective well-being. We propose positive time use as a new model of temporal well-being, which brings together the notions of work-life balance, time efficiency, and time mastery in a single comprehensive framework, helping to inform the time management coaching interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Osin
- LINP2, University of Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
- International Laboratory of Positive Psychology of Personality and Motivation, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilona Boniwell
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, United Kingdom
- Positran, Épone, France
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Balt E, Mérelle S, Popma A, Creemers D, Heesen K, van Eijk N, van den Brand I, Gilissen R. Sociodemographic and psychosocial risk factors of railway suicide a mixed-methods study combining data of all suicide decedents in the Netherlands with data from a psychosocial autopsy study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:607. [PMID: 38408949 PMCID: PMC10895750 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Railway suicide has profound implications for the victims and their family, and affects train drivers, railway personnel, emergency services and witnesses. To inform a multilevel prevention strategy, more knowledge is required about psychosocial and precipitating risk factors of railway suicide. METHODS Data from Statistics Netherlands of all suicides between 2017 and 2021 (n = 9.241) of whom 986 died by railway suicide and interview data from a psychosocial autopsy of railway suicide decedents (n = 39) were integrated. We performed logistic regression analyses to identify sociodemographic predictors of railway suicide compared to other methods of suicide. The Constant Comparative Method was subsequently employed on interview data from the psychosocial autopsy to identify patterns in psychosocial risk factors for railway suicide. RESULTS The strongest predictors of railway suicide compared to other suicide methods were young age (< 30 years old), native Dutch, a high educational level, living in a multi-person household (especially living with parents or in an institution), living in a rural area and a high annual household income of > 150.000 euros. Several subgroups emerged in the psychosocial autopsy interviews, which specifically reflect populations at risk of railway suicide. These subgroups were [1] young adult males with autism spectrum disorder who strived for more autonomy and an independent life, [2] young adult females with persistent suicidal thoughts and behaviours, [3] middle-aged males with a persistent mood disorder who lived with family and who faced stressors proximal to the suicide in personal and professional settings, [4] male out-of-the-blue suicides and [5] persons with psychotic symptoms and a rapid deterioration. CONCLUSIONS based on our findings we propose and discuss several recommendations to prevent railway suicide. We must continue to invest in a safe railway environment by training personnel and installing barriers. Additionally, we should adopt prevention strategies that align the needs of subgroups at increased risk, including young females who have attempted other methods of suicide and young males with autism spectrum disorder. Future research should determine the cost-effectiveness and feasibility of low-maintenance, automated interventions near crossings and psychiatric facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Balt
- 113 Suicide Prevention, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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60
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Miley M, Mantzios M, Egan H, Connabeer K. Exploring the role of personality, perfectionism, and self-compassion on the relationship between clinical decision-making and nurses' wellbeing. Contemp Nurse 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38408166 DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2024.2319845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical decision-making is a core competency of the nursing role, with nurses having to make decisions surrounding patient care and patient safety daily. With decision-making being linked to psychological outcomes, it is important to consider potential areas that may support or hinder nurses' wellbeing whilst navigating clinical decisions. AIM The present study sought to investigate the relationship between clinical decision-making and moral distress, and further explore the role of personality, perfectionism, philotimo (a virtue describing the desire to do right by oneself and others, aligning with one's sense of morality), and self-compassion. DESIGN An online cross-sectional survey was conducted using Qualtrics. Associations between clinical decision-making and moral distress, burnout, personality, perfectionism, philotimo, and self-compassion were examined using univariate and multivariate statistics. METHODS One hundred and forty-three nurses from the United Kingdom completed an online questionnaire. Eligibility criteria included individuals who had practised in the nursing profession for a minimum of six months. To ensure that all participants were practising across the United Kingdom, the eligibility criteria was made clear in the study advertisement, and the consent form. The consent form required participants to confirm that they reached these criteria to proceed with the study. RESULTS Results revealed that clinical decision-making was associated with moral distress experience, and that both openness to experience, and philotimo mediated this relationship, independently. In addition to this, self-compassion was significantly associated with clinical decision-making across senior banded nursing roles, but this was non-significant for junior banded nursing roles. CONCLUSION Findings highlight the role of individual differences when looking at the impact of clinical decision-making upon nurses' wellbeing and offers explanation for any variance in moral distress experience across nursing professionals. This research identifies fundamental differences between junior and senior nurses in relation to clinical decision-making and self-compassion that should be considered in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Miley
- Department of Psychology, Birmingham City University, 4 Cardigan St., Birmingham B4 7BD, UK
| | - Michail Mantzios
- Department of Psychology, Birmingham City University, 4 Cardigan St., Birmingham B4 7BD, UK
| | - Helen Egan
- Department of Psychology, Birmingham City University, 4 Cardigan St., Birmingham B4 7BD, UK
| | - Kathrina Connabeer
- Department of Psychology, Birmingham City University, 4 Cardigan St., Birmingham B4 7BD, UK
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Zhou C, Li J. The development of aesthetic experience through virtual and augmented reality. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4290. [PMID: 38383549 PMCID: PMC10881535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging technological innovations offer the potential for experiential engagement through virtual scenarios, yet the viability of this approach for educational purposes remains significantly underexplored. This study aims to assess the feasibility of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies in providing users with aesthetic experiences when visiting digital exhibitions. A total of 190 students participated in this investigation. The control group visited traditional exhibits at the Palace Museum in Beijing. This group underwent a survey to evaluate their acquired aesthetic experience. In contrast, the experimental group, comprising 96 students, engaged with VR/AR scenarios at the Palace Museum in Beijing. Accordingly, students in the experimental group were also surveyed to evaluate both their aesthetic experiences and, additionally, their user experiences. The survey results unveiled significant distinctions in aesthetic experiences between students in the control and experimental groups. Moreover, there were notable correlations between individual variables related to user and aesthetic experiences within the experimental group. Furthermore, the study revealed disparities in both user and aesthetic experiences among male and female students. The findings have implications for aesthetic education teachers and officials in the context of developing sound strategies for providing aesthetic experiences to their students. This information is also of interest to employees of museums, exhibitions, and other cultural facilities, who are interested in holding or hold digital exhibitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhou
- Teacher Education College, Hunan City University, Yiyang, Hunan, China.
| | - JianQi Li
- Teacher Education College, Hunan City University, Yiyang, Hunan, China
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Godoy-Giménez M, García-Pérez Á, Cañadas F, Estévez AF, Sayans-Jiménez P. The Broad Autism Phenotype-International Test (BAP-IT): A two-domain-based test for the assessment of the broad autism phenotype. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024:13623613241228887. [PMID: 38366857 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241228887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT The broad autism phenotype refers to a group of behaviors related to autism spectrum disorder, but that appear to a lesser extent. Its assessment has been performed through outdated broad autism phenotype/autism spectrum disorder definitions and tests. To address this problem, this study presents the development of a new test, the Broad Autism Phenotype-International Test, a 20-item measure consisting of two dimensions, SOCIAL-BAP and RIRE-BAP, targeting the two-domain operationalization of autism spectrum disorder in Spain and the United Kingdom. Unlike the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire, this test received empirical support as a quick and effective broad autism phenotype measure that can facilitate both broad autism phenotype/autism spectrum disorder research and interventions. This is the first step to studying the BAP in several Spanish and English-speaking countries.
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Makovski TT, Ghattas J, Monnier-Besnard S, Cavillot L, Ambrožová M, Vašinová B, Feteira-Santos R, Bezzegh P, Bollmann FP, Cottam J, Haneef R, Devleesschauwer B, Speybroeck N, Nogueira PJ, Forjaz MJ, Coste J, Carcaillon-Bentata L. Multimorbidity and frailty are associated with poorer SARS-CoV-2-related outcomes: systematic review of population-based studies. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:40. [PMID: 38353841 PMCID: PMC10866755 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02685-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimating the risks and impacts of COVID-19 for different health groups at the population level is essential for orienting public health measures. Adopting a population-based approach, we conducted a systematic review to explore: (1) the etiological role of multimorbidity and frailty in developing SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related short-term outcomes; and (2) the prognostic role of multimorbidity and frailty in developing short- and long-term outcomes. This review presents the state of the evidence in the early years of the pandemic. It was conducted within the European Union Horizon 2020 program (No: 101018317); Prospero registration: CRD42021249444. METHODS PubMed, Embase, World Health Organisation COVID-19 Global literature on coronavirus disease, and PsycINFO were searched between January 2020 and 7 April 2021 for multimorbidity and 1 February 2022 for frailty. Quantitative peer-reviewed studies published in English with population-representative samples and validated multimorbidity and frailty tools were considered. RESULTS Overall, 9,701 records were screened by title/abstract and 267 with full text. Finally, 14 studies were retained for multimorbidity (etiological role, n = 2; prognostic, n = 13) and 5 for frailty (etiological role, n = 2; prognostic, n = 4). Only short-term outcomes, mainly mortality, were identified. An elevated likelihood of poorer outcomes was associated with an increasing number of diseases, a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, different disease combinations, and an increasing frailty level. DISCUSSION Future studies, which include the effects of recent virus variants, repeated exposure and vaccination, will be useful for comparing the possible evolution of the associations observed in the earlier waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana T Makovski
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Injuries, French Public Health Agency (Santé publique France), Saint-Maurice, France.
| | - Jinane Ghattas
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Monnier-Besnard
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Injuries, French Public Health Agency (Santé publique France), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Lisa Cavillot
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Monika Ambrožová
- National screening centre, Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Vašinová
- National screening centre, Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rodrigo Feteira-Santos
- Área Disciplinar Autónoma de Bioestatística, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Bezzegh
- Directorate for Project Management, National Directorate General for Hospitals, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - James Cottam
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Romana Haneef
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Injuries, French Public Health Agency (Santé publique France), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Brecht Devleesschauwer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Niko Speybroeck
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paulo Jorge Nogueira
- Área Disciplinar Autónoma de Bioestatística, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, ENSP, CISP, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- CIDNUR-Centro de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento Em Enfermagem de Lisboa Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1600-190, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria João Forjaz
- National Center of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, RICAPPS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joël Coste
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Injuries, French Public Health Agency (Santé publique France), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Laure Carcaillon-Bentata
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Injuries, French Public Health Agency (Santé publique France), Saint-Maurice, France
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64
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Ulaş S, Gonzálvez C, Seçer İ. School refusal: mapping the literature by bibliometric analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1265781. [PMID: 38410402 PMCID: PMC10896000 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1265781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
School refusal is considered a risk factor for academic, social, and personal situations, such as school dropouts. Studies have been carried out on school refusal for almost 50 years. However, general research trends have not been mapped yet. This study summarizes the bibliometric analysis of scientific collaborations and prevalence across locations by country and institution, leading researchers, journals, and trends (keywords) in school refusal research. The United States, Japan, Spain, and England are the countries that stand out in terms of school refusal. It can be said that the Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, and Frontiers in Psychology are important journals that publish on school refusal. Researchers named Christopher A. Kearney, Carolina Gonzálvez, Jose Manuel Garcia-Fernandez, David A. Heyne, and Brigit M. Van Widenfelt have been found to have more intensive studies and collaborations on school refusal. The authors keywords common use for school refusal; are truancy, school absenteeism, adolescence, school attendance, school phobia, autism spectrum disorder, and bullying. The findings show that school refusal is a current research area, and scientific collaborations continue to be established. The findings reveal all the details of the school refusal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sümeyye Ulaş
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Carolina Gonzálvez
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Didactics, Alicante University, Alicante, Spain
| | - İsmail Seçer
- Department of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
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65
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Yazarloo M, Sarafraz MR, Jabbari S, Gholipour T, Hashemi T. Comparison of retrospective and prospective memory in subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eur J Transl Myol 2024; 34:12221. [PMID: 38344936 PMCID: PMC11017170 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2024.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Retrospective and prospective memory deficits play a role in maintaining and perpetuating the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but less is known about these deficits in different subtypes of OCD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the retrospective and prospective memory in patients suffering from cleaning, checking, symmetry, and religious obsessions. In a comparative causal method, 60 participants aged 28 to 55, in 2023, were selected by convenience sampling and placed in five groups of individuals with cleaning, checking, symmetry, religious obsessions, and a healthy group. Participants completed self-report questionnaires and neurocognitive tools. Results showed that defects in retrospective memory were significant in all types of obsessions (p<0.05) except religious obsessions. Also, this defect was more severe in checking obsession disorder compared to other types of OCD. Also, the finding indicated that the defect in prospective memory was significant only in checking obsession disorder (p<0.05). Retrospective and prospective memory impairments and their relationship with deficits in executive functions can be different depending on the type of OCD. Based on the findings, impairment of executive function indirectly by impacting the impairment of other cognitive mechanisms diminishes confidence in retrospective and prospective memory which leads to compulsive behaviors in individuals with contamination and checking obsessions. Also, the impairment of retrospective memory in symmetry obsessions might have a relationship with information encoding, which in turn leads to difficulty recalling information from memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saeide Jabbari
- Faculty of Educational Sciences and psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz.
| | - Taraneh Gholipour
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Bandargaz branch, Bandargaz.
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66
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Strifler Y, Diamond GM. Emotional arousal and reflective functioning among parents participating in attachment-based family therapy for LGBTQ+ young adults and their nonaccepting parents. Psychother Res 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38319829 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2024.2309285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parents' rejection of their LGBTQ + young adults can have a negative impact on their young adult's psychological welfare, and on the young adult-parent relationship. Parents' ability to reflect on their child's pain and unmet needs is thought to evoke empathy and compassion, and reduce rejection. Empirical and clinical evidence suggest that parents' level of reflective functioning (RF) is impacted by their level of emotional arousal (EA). This study examined the association between parents' EA and RF within the context of attachment-based family therapy for nonaccepting parents and their LGBTQ+ young adults. METHODS 43 therapy sessions drawn from six different cases were coded for parental RF and EA, based on 30-second segments. This generated a total of 343 observations for analyses. RESULTS Hierarchal linear modeling revealed that parents' level of RF was a function of their concomitant EA, with moderate levels of arousal predicting the highest RF levels. CONCLUSION Moderate EA may facilitate optimal parental reflective functioning. With nonaccepting parents, who typically present for treatment with high levels of maladaptive fear and shame, therapists would do well to assess their level of arousal and, when indicated, employ downregulating interventions before inviting them to reflect on their young adult's experience and needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotam Strifler
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Gary M Diamond
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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67
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Yılmaz Koğar E, Koğar H. A systematic review and meta-analytic confirmatory factor analysis of the perceived stress scale (PSS-10 and PSS-14). Stress Health 2024; 40:e3285. [PMID: 37341705 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Stress is defined as a person's interaction with their environment that is thought to threaten or affect an individual's potential, resources, and well-being. The most popular instrument to assess perceived stress is the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Therefore, making a systematic review of studies testing the internal structure of PSS and conducting a Meta-Analytic Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MACFA) on the database created with the information obtained from these studies are the aims of this research. A total of 76 samples from 57 unique studies were included in this database using various inclusion criteria (total N for PSS-14 = 28,632, for PSS-10 = 46,053). The correlated two-factor model for PSS was confirmed by MACFA performed on the pooled correlation matrix generated by the random effects meta-analysis. Findings of dimensionality analyses, factor loadings, omega values, and measurement invariance showed that the model that best explained the factor structure of PSS was the correlated two-factor model. The strict measurement invariance of the PSS was achieved across age and clinical status, and the internal consistency was high according to the omega values. Several recommendations moving forward are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esin Yılmaz Koğar
- Faculty of Education, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Hakan Koğar
- Faculty of Education, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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68
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Tomaschek F, Ramscar M, Nixon JS. The Keys to the Future? An Examination of Statistical Versus Discriminative Accounts of Serial Pattern Learning. Cogn Sci 2024; 48:e13404. [PMID: 38294059 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Sequence learning is fundamental to a wide range of cognitive functions. Explaining how sequences-and the relations between the elements they comprise-are learned is a fundamental challenge to cognitive science. However, although hundreds of articles addressing this question are published each year, the actual learning mechanisms involved in the learning of sequences are rarely investigated. We present three experiments that seek to examine these mechanisms during a typing task. Experiments 1 and 2 tested learning during typing single letters on each trial. Experiment 3 tested for "chunking" of these letters into "words." The results of these experiments were used to examine the mechanisms that could best account for them, with a focus on two particular proposals: statistical transitional probability learning and discriminative error-driven learning. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that error-driven learning was a better predictor of response latencies than either n-gram frequencies or transitional probabilities. No evidence for chunking was found in Experiment 3, probably due to interspersing visual cues with the motor response. In addition, learning occurred across a greater distance in Experiment 1 than Experiment 2, suggesting that the greater predictability that comes with increased structure leads to greater learnability. These results shed new light on the mechanism responsible for sequence learning. Despite the widely held assumption that transitional probability learning is essential to this process, the present results suggest instead that the sequences are learned through a process of discriminative learning, involving prediction and feedback from prediction error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Tomaschek
- Quantitative Linguistics Group, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen
- Institut für Germanistik, Universität Bern
| | - Michael Ramscar
- Department of Psychology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen
| | - Jessie S Nixon
- Linguistics and Cultural Studies, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg
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69
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Jiang S, Zhang L. Perceived stress of COVID-19 pandemic and problematic mobile phone use during quarantine conditions among Chinese adolescents: a mediated moderation model. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1333869. [PMID: 38362249 PMCID: PMC10868676 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1333869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The relation between perceived general stress and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) has been well established. With the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the present study was designed to examine the association between perceived stress of COVID-19 as a kind of event-related stress and PMPU, and the mechanisms underlying this relation. Participants were 724 adolescents ranging from 12 to 16 years old (M = 13.28, SD = 1.05) who completed four online questionnaires addressing perceived stress of COVID-19, search for meaning in life, escapism motivation, and PMPU. The results revealed that escapism motivation mediated the relationship between perceived stress of COVID-19 and PMPU. In addition, search for meaning in life played a moderating role between perceived stress of COVID-19 and escapism motivation. These findings extend the literature by addressing how and under what conditions perceived stress of COVID-19 can contribute to PMPU. We discussed the implications for developing targeted intervention programs aimed at reducing PMPU among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Jiang
- Department of Psychology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Lifan Zhang
- School of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Yunnan, China
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70
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Sarı E, Ayhan Başer D, Yalcin SS. Father's reading beliefs and child's media usage habits. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1191-1203. [PMID: 37173313 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2211519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between fathers' reading beliefs and father's and child's media habits and book reading status in the preschool period. In total, 520 fathers with children aged 2-5 years were included in the study. "z score above+1" were defined as the High Parental Reading Scale Score (HPRSS). Moreover, 72.3% of fathers spent 3 hours or more with their children on a day, and 32.9% of fathers used the screen as a reward and 35% as a punishment. Multivariable analysis showed that spending more than 3 hours with their children, not using the screen as a reward, not using it as a punishment, knowing smart signs, getting information from a book, having a screen time less than 1 hour, not using screen alone, doing another activity when not allowed were associated with the HPRSS. The father's reading belief is related to the child's media usage habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Sarı
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Ayhan Başer
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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71
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Lamot M, Kerman K, Kirbiš A. Ideological differences in COVID-19 vaccine intention: the effects of trust in the healthcare system, in complementary and alternative medicine, and perceived threat from the disease. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1332697. [PMID: 38375112 PMCID: PMC10875337 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1332697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Politically left-leaning individuals are more likely to get vaccinated against COVID-19, although little is known about the mechanisms underlying the ideological differences in vaccination intentions. Understanding the extent to which trust in the healthcare system, in complementary and alternative medicine, and the perceived threat from the disease contribute to these disparities is crucial, as it could inform targeted interventions to address vaccine hesitancy across the political spectrum. Methods The present cross-sectional study conducted among adults living in Slovenia (n = 858) examined the mediating role of trust in the healthcare system, trust in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and the perceived threat from the virus on COVID-19 vaccination intention. Results We found that leftist ideology and trust in the healthcare system positively predicted vaccination intention, whereas CAM negatively predicted this intention. In addition, left-leaning individuals expressed greater trust in the healthcare system and lower trust in CAM, resulting in higher levels of COVID-19 vaccination intention. The serial mediation model confirmed that trust in CAM was a negative predictor, while trust in the healthcare system positively predicted perceived threat. Discussion When dealing with vaccine hesitancy among right-oriented individuals, strategies should focus on enhancing trust in the healthcare system and critically evaluating the reliance on CAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lamot
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Katja Kerman
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Kirbiš
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
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72
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Cai H, Wang L, Jin X. Leader's Machiavellianism and employees' counterproductive work behavior: testing a moderated mediation model. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1283509. [PMID: 38303779 PMCID: PMC10830754 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1283509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Counterproductive work behavior wastes organizational resources and significantly damages organizational development. The importance of employees' counterproductive work behaviors in organizations is becoming increasingly obvious. This is directly related to the sustainable development and survival of organizations. This study believes that employee's behavior is closely related to leadership style. In particular, employees' in small- and medium-sized enterprises are often manipulated and deceived by leaders, resulting in dissatisfaction and counterproductive work behavior. In order to address this behavior, this study collected survey data from 289 employees from Chinese SMEs to explore the relationship between perceived abusive supervision and organizational political behavior in Machiavellian leadership and counterproductive work behavior. The results suggest that Machiavellian positive influence counterproductive work behavior through a mediating role of perceived abusive supervision. Furthermore, leader organizational political behavior moderates the indirect effect of perceived abusive supervision such that the effect is stronger when leader organizational political behavior is high. This study aimed to identify the variables that increase employees counterproductive work behavior, propose recommendations for reducing employees' counterproductive work behavior, expanded the scope of counterproductive work behavior research, and provided a theoretical basis for related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Business Administration, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiu Jin
- Department of Business Administration, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
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73
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Leite Ã, Silva B, Vilela B, Rodrigues I, Fernandes J, Romão J, Ribeiro AM. Measurement Invariance of the Multidimensional Jealousy Scale and Quality of Relationships Inventory (Friend). Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:44. [PMID: 38247696 PMCID: PMC10812790 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to measure the invariance of the Multidimensional Jealousy Scale (MJS) and of the Quality of Relationships Inventory (Friend) (QRI-F) across gender, age, education, and being in a romantic relationship in a Portuguese sample (N = 662). A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the fit of different potential factor structures. The results pointed out that both MJS and QRI-F were most suitable if represented by three first-order factors correlated between them. Results from multi-group analyses suggested there was factorial invariance for these structures across groups, suggesting that the MJS and the QRI-F provide, respectively, an assessment of romantic jealousy and quality of relationship that are equivalent across gender, age, education, and being in a romantic relationship. The study established the strong psychometric properties of its instruments, validating reliability and convergent and discriminant validity, thereby bolstering the research's overall credibility. Additionally, cognitive jealousy is primarily influenced by heightened conflict values, with education, relationship status, and gender moderating the associations between QRI-F dimensions and MJS behavioral and cognitive jealousy. The research offered in-depth perspectives on jealousy, underscoring its diverse manifestations across demographic variables and illuminating the complexities within the dynamics of friendships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ãngela Leite
- Centre for Philosophical and Humanistic Studies, Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Camões, 4710-362 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Beatriz Silva
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados–Folhadela, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.S.); (B.V.); (I.R.); (J.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Beatriz Vilela
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados–Folhadela, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.S.); (B.V.); (I.R.); (J.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Inês Rodrigues
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados–Folhadela, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.S.); (B.V.); (I.R.); (J.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Joana Fernandes
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados–Folhadela, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.S.); (B.V.); (I.R.); (J.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Joana Romão
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados–Folhadela, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.S.); (B.V.); (I.R.); (J.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Ana Margarida Ribeiro
- Centre for Philosophical and Humanistic Studies, Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Camões, 4710-362 Braga, Portugal;
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Ghamari R, Tahmaseb M, Sarabi-Jamab A, Etesami SA, Mohammadzadeh A, Alizadeh F, Tehrani-Doost M. Association of verbal and non-verbal theory of mind abilities with non-coding variants of OXTR in youth with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing individuals: a case-control study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:30. [PMID: 38191308 PMCID: PMC10773038 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to attribute mental states to others is called theory of mind (ToM) and is a substantial component of social cognition. This ability is abnormally developed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Several studies over the past decade have identified the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) and its variants as promising components for explaining the molecular mechanisms underlying Theory of Mind (ToM). The main aim of this study is to examine the association between rs2268498 and rs53576, two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and verbal and non-verbal ToM in children and adolescents with ASD and a group of typically developing youth. METHODS The study involved 44 children and adolescents with high-functioning ASD aged 8 to 18 years old and 44 TD individuals who were matched on age and sex. In all participants, blood samples were collected and rs2268498 and rs53576 were genotyped. Happe's Strange Stories test and the moving shapes paradigm were used to measure verbal and non-verbal ToM in all participants. RESULTS The results of permutation tests and logistic regression suggested that in TD group, rs2268498 AA carriers showed significant higher scores in variables representing verbal ToM (ToM stories and appropriateness score) whereas, in ASD group, rs53576 AA carriers exhibited significant better performance in parameters related to non-verbal ToM (ToM general rule and intentionality score). The results of hierarchical clustering in both groups support the findings by distinguishing between language-related and language-independent aspects of ToM. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, we examined the association between rs2268498 and rs53576 and social functioning in individuals with ASD and TD group. We found preliminary evidence that rs2268498 and rs53576 are associated with ToM related abilities in healthy individuals as well as in autistic individuals. Accordingly, rs2268498 and rs53576 may play an important role in predicting ToM capabilities. It will be necessary to conduct further research to address the association of genetic variants with a deficit in ToM in individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Ghamari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tahmaseb
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiye Sarabi-Jamab
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azar Mohammadzadeh
- Research Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Roozbeh Psychiatry Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alizadeh
- Department of Genomic Psychiatry and Behavioral Genomics (DGPBG), School of Medicine, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Tehrani-Doost
- Research Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Roozbeh Psychiatry Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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75
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Messineo L, Tosto C. Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the 10-item perceived stress scale in a sample of teachers. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1330789. [PMID: 38259559 PMCID: PMC10801019 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1330789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale is a widely used questionnaire for measuring perceived stress. Aim This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale in a sample of Italian teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed. A sample of 1,179 teachers of pre-primary, primary, and secondary schools anonymously completed an online questionnaire. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed to compare the fit of a two-factor model against a one-factor solution of the scale. Multigroup CFA was run to test the measurement invariance of the two-factor PSS-10 solution across gender. The internal reliability of the scale was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald' omega coefficients. Convergent validity with measures of subjective well-being and self-reported health was evaluated. Results The results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the two-factor structure of the 10-items Perceived Stress Scale provided a better fit to the data and supported the adequacy of the Italian version of the scale. The two-factor model showed measurement invariance across female and male groups, as result of the multigroup CFA. The scale proved to have good internal reliability. Correlation analyses with measures of the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule and self-reported health supported convergent validity. Conclusion These results suggest that the Italian version of the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale has good psychometric properties and can be considered a valid and reliable instrument to assess perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Messineo
- Istituto per le Tecnologie Didattiche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
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76
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Gatti D, Rinaldi L, Mazzoni G, Vecchi T. Semantic and episodic processes differently predict false memories in the DRM task. Sci Rep 2024; 14:256. [PMID: 38167871 PMCID: PMC10761856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50687-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a fervent debate about the processes underpinning false memories formation. Seminal theories have suggested that semantic memory would be involved in false memories production, while episodic memory would counter their formation. Yet, direct evidence corroborating such view is still lacking. Here, we tested this possibility by asking participants to perform the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task, a typical false memory paradigm, in which they had to study lists of words and subsequently to recognize and distinguish them from new words (i.e., the false memory items). The same participants were also required to perform a semantic task and an episodic-source memory task. Our results showed that a higher number of false memories in the DRM task occurred for those participants with better semantic memory abilities, while a lower number of false memories occurred for participants with better episodic abilities. These findings support a key role of semantic processes in false memory formation and, more generally, help clarify the specific contribution of different memory systems to false recognitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Gatti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuliana Mazzoni
- Department of Health, Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Tomaso Vecchi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Aleksic V, Gazibara T, Jeremic B, Gasic S, Dotlic J, Stevanovic J, Arsovic A, Milic M. Associations of night eating with depressive symptoms among health sciences students living in a postconflict region. Bull Menninger Clin 2024; 88:29-47. [PMID: 38527101 DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2024.88.1.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Populations affected by war may experience food insecurity, which could predispose them to eating disorders. A cross-sectional study was conducted among health sciences students in Northern Kosovo from November 2018 to March 2019. Data were collected using the sociodemographic Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The study sample comprised 534 students. The prevalence of students who had at least mild depression (BDI ≥ 10) was 20.6%. More frequent night eating was consistently associated with a higher EDI score in the total sample as well as in the subgroup of students whose EDI score was ≥ 10. In addition, having poorer sleep quality and having more anxiety symptoms were associated with having stronger depressive symptoms. In a population of health sciences students who live in a post-conflict region, night eating is associated with having stronger depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojkan Aleksic
- PhD student in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. Also teaches in the secondary school for nursing, Cuprija, Serbia, where Biljana Jeremic is a teacher
| | - Tatjana Gazibara
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Jeremic
- PhD student in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. Also teaches in the secondary school for nursing, Cuprija, Serbia, where Biljana Jeremic is a teacher
| | - Sanja Gasic
- The Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina, temporarily seated in Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Jelena Dotlic
- Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia, and in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Stevanovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina temporarily seated in Kosovska Mitrovica, Mitrovica, Serbia, and the Institute of Public Health of Serbia, "Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut," Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Arsovic
- The Military Medical Academy of the University of Defense, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Milic
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina temporarily seated in Kosovska Mitrovica, Mitrovica, Serbia, and the Institute of Public Health of Serbia, "Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut," Belgrade, Serbia
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Mihajlović N, Zdravković S. Contingent capture by color is sensitive to categorical color perception. Atten Percept Psychophys 2024; 86:36-48. [PMID: 37985593 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-023-02806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Contingent capture (CC) theory postulates that attention can only be captured by top-down matching stimuli. Although the contingent capture of attention is a well-known and thoroughly studied phenomenon, there is still no consensus on the characteristics of the top-down template which guides the search for colors. We tried to replicate the classical contingent capture effect on color (Experiment 1) and then added linguistic processing to this perceptual effect (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, attention was indeed captured by the cues of the same color as the target, while the cues of different colors were successfully ignored. In Experiment 2, the cue color was never identical to the target color but would either belong to the same linguistic category or not (i.e., linguistic matching and linguistic nonmatching cues). In both cases, cues were made to be equally perceptually distant from the target. Although, attention was captured by both cue types, the degree of capture was significantly higher for linguistic matching cues. Our research replicated the classic contingent capture effect but on color, and also demonstrated the effect of color categories in the search task. In short, we demonstrated the effect of color categories in the search task. Results show that the template for color search contains physical characteristics of color, as well as information about color category names.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Mihajlović
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Sunčica Zdravković
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Gatti D, Marelli M, Rinaldi L. Predicting Hand Movements With Distributional Semantics: Evidence From Mouse-Tracking. Cogn Sci 2024; 48:e13372. [PMID: 38196167 DOI: 10.1111/cogs.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Although mouse-tracking has been taken as a real-time window on different aspects of human decision-making processes, whether purely semantic information affects response conflict at the level of motor output as measured through mouse movements is still unknown. Here, across two experiments, we investigated the effects of semantic knowledge by predicting participants' performance in a standard keyboard task and in a mouse-tracking task through distributional semantics, a usage-based modeling approach to meaning. In Experiment 1, participants were shown word pairs and were required to perform a two-alternative forced choice task selecting either the more abstract or the more concrete word, using standard keyboard presses. In Experiment 2, participants performed the same task, yet this time response selection was achieved by moving the computer mouse. Results showed that the involvement of semantic components in the task at hand is observable using both standard reaction times (Experiment 1) as well as using indexes extracted from mouse trajectories (Experiment 2). In particular, mouse trajectories reflected the response conflict and its temporal evolution, with a larger deviation for increasing word semantic relatedness. These findings support the validity of mouse-tracking as a method to detect deep and implicit decision-making features. Additionally, by demonstrating that a usage-based model of meaning can account for the different degrees of cognitive conflict associated with task achievement, these findings testify the impact of the human semantic memory on decision-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Gatti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia
| | - Marco Marelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca
- NeuroMI, Milan Center for Neuroscience
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation
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The effects of traumatic experiences during transit and pushback on the mental health of refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2163064. [PMID: 37052104 PMCID: PMC9873274 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2022.2163064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There are 26 million people recognised as refugees worldwide. Many of them spent a prolonged period of time in transit - time after they leave their country of origin and before they reach the receiving country. Transit brings numerous protection and mental health risks refugees are exposed to.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the stressful and traumatic experiences refugees are exposed to during transit, with a special focus on the experience of pushback - the denial of access to the territory to foreign nationals and forcible return to countries of origin or neighbouring countries without an assessment of their rights to international protection, as well as the impact of these experiences on refugees' mental health and well-being.Method: 201 refugees currently residing in Serbia completed the Stressful and Traumatic Experiences in Transit questionnaire - short version (SET-SF), questionnaire for assessing stressful and traumatic experiences during pushback (SET-SF PB), Refugee Health Screener (RHS-15), and Well-being index (WHO-5).Results: The results showed that refugees experience a large number of stressful and traumatic events (M = 10.27, SD = 4.85). In addition, half of the participants experience severe symptoms of depression (50.7%), while about a third of the participants experience severe symptoms of anxiety (37.8%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (32.3%). Refugees who experienced pushback showed overall higher levels of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Traumatic experiences during transit and pushback were positively related to the severity of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. In addition, traumatic experiences during pushback showed an incremental contribution in predicting refugees' mental health difficulties over and above traumatic experiences in transit.Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into the multiple risks refugees are exposed to and emphasise the need for the provision of adequate protection and support.
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Naraindas AM, Moreno M, Cooney SM. Beyond Gender: Interoceptive Sensibility as a Key Predictor of Body Image Disturbances. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 14:25. [PMID: 38247677 PMCID: PMC10812832 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Body image disturbance (BID) involves negative attitudes towards shape and weight and is associated with lower levels of interoceptive sensibility (IS) (the subjective perceptions of internal bodily states). This association is considered a risk factor for developing eating disorders (EDs) and is linked to altered sensorimotor representations of the body (i.e., body schema). BIDs manifest across genders and are currently understudied in men. This study investigated gender-related differences in BID and its relationship to the body schema and IS. Data were collected from 86 men and 86 women. BID was assessed using questionnaires measuring self-objectification, state, and trait body dissatisfaction. IS was measured via the MAIA-2. The body schema was indexed via an embodied mental rotation task. Results showed that women reported higher BID than men across all scales. Gender differences in sub-components of interoceptive sensibility were found. Overall, both gender and interoceptive sensibility predicted BID. However, interoceptive sensibility exhibited its own unique association with BID beyond the influence of gender. BID, IS and gender were not significant predictors of performance in the body schema task. Therefore, while gender predicts differences in BID and interoceptive sensibility, there was no evidence of gender-related differences in body schema.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah M. Cooney
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, D04 F6X4 Dublin, Ireland;
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Ding K, Shen Y, Liu Q, Li H. The Effects of Digital Addiction on Brain Function and Structure of Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:15. [PMID: 38200921 PMCID: PMC10779052 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of studies investigating digital addiction (DA) and its detrimental impact on the human brain's structure and functionality has been noticeable in recent years. Yet, an overwhelming majority of these reviews have been predominantly geared towards samples comprising college students or adults and have only inspected a single variant of DA, such as internet gaming disorder, internet addiction disorder, problematic smartphone use, tablet overuse, and so forth. Reviews focusing on young children and adolescents (ages 0-18), or those which amalgamate various types of DA, are decidedly scarce. Given this context, summarizing the effects of DA on brain structure and functionality during the vital developmental stage (0-18 years) is of immense significance. A scoping review, complying with the PRISMA extension for such reviews, was conducted to amalgamate findings from 28 studies spanning a decade (2013-2023) and to examine the influence of assorted forms of DA on the brains of children and adolescents (0-18 years). The synthesized evidence indicated two primary results: (1) DA exerts harmful effects on the structure and functionality of the brains of children and adolescents, and (2) the prefrontal lobe is the region most consistently reported as impacted across all research. Furthermore, this review discerned a notable void of studies investigating the neural indices of digital addiction, along with a shortage of studies focusing on young children (0-6 years old) and longitudinal evidence. This research could provide the necessary theoretical basis for the thwarting and intervention of digital addiction, a measure indispensable for ensuring healthy brain development in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keya Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China; (K.D.); (Y.S.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yining Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China; (K.D.); (Y.S.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qianming Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China; (K.D.); (Y.S.); (Q.L.)
| | - Hui Li
- Faculty of Education and Human Development, The Education University of Hong Kong, 10 Lo Ping Road, Hong Kong
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83
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Ahmad S, Jafree SR. Influence of gender identity on the adoption of religious-spiritual, preventive and emotion-focused coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. Ann Med 2023; 55:2291464. [PMID: 38105479 PMCID: PMC10732200 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2291464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Academic research has highlighted the gendered impacts and amplifications of gender disparities of COVID-19. Traditionally, Pakistan is a patriarchal society, where it is a parenthood norm to socialize specific gender social roles. OBJECTIVES The current research asserts that these normative gender roles may influence individuals throughout their life course, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study explored the influence of gender identity in adopting different coping strategies such as religious-spiritual, preventive, emotion-focused and non-constructive coping against the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Due to the lockdown in various areas of Pakistan, data were collected through an online questionnaire using Qualtrics. In a cross-sectional study, 955 respondents completed responses. Factors analysis and reliability analysis were run to ensure the scales' reliability, validity and robustness for different coping strategies. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to find model fitness. CONCLUSIONS For theoretical explanation, the current study used social role theory that argues that each gender benefits differently from distinct coping behaviours. The findings highlighted that women were more likely to adopt most coping strategies, with the most significant difference in religious-spiritual coping and preventative coping strategies even in the presence of control variables such as level of education, household monthly income, family structure, marital status and family size. There was no gender difference in adopting non-constructive strategies. The empirical evidence suggested that females might be at an increased risk of stress due to the burden of unbalanced household-based social norms and care responsibilities. The current research also expanded the base of coping to religious-spiritual coping, emotion-focused coping and non-constructive coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Sara Rizvi Jafree
- Department of Sociology, Forman Christian College University (FCCU), Lahore, Pakistan
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84
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Oppong J, Liu X, Wang Q, Xie C, Lei Y, Zhou Y, Peng Y, Li H, Xing C. Assessing measurement invariance of the SEGUE framework among Chinese and Ghanaian patients: A cross-sectional study. PEC INNOVATION 2023; 3:100183. [PMID: 37483333 PMCID: PMC10362342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective Measurement invariance assesses the psychometric equivalence of a construct across groups or across time. This study aimed to find out whether the newly modified 5-point Likert scale SEGUE Framework for evaluating doctor's communication skills demonstrates measurement invariance among Chinese and Ghanaian patients. Methods Measurement invariance tests were conducted using two samples collected from the two cultures respectively (China: N = 598 and Ghana: N = 591). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to test for the factor structure. Multiple-group CFA was used to test the measurement invariance of the SEGUE between the two samples. Results The same five-factor model showed acceptable model fit in both Chinese and Ghanaian samples. Cross-cultural measurement invariance tests revealed that scalar invariance was observed across the two samples. Conclusion Cross-cultural adaptations of instruments should exhibit measurement invariance to ensure that measures are interpreted and used consistently. Findings of our study suggest that the SEGUE Framework is invariant across the two cultures, which increases confidence in data collection and comparison. Innovation This is the first study to establish measurement invariance among Chinese and Ghanaians using the SEGUE Framework which assesses doctors' communication from patients' perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Oppong
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinchun Liu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingyan Wang
- Department of International Exchange and Cooperation, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chenhui Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Xintian County, Yongzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Yanjuan Lei
- Department of Nursing, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xintian County, Yongzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Yuqiong Zhou
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huiling Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengling Xing
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Jatic Z, Trifunovic N, Erkocevic H, Hasanovic E, Dzambo I, Pilav A. Construct validity of the perceived stress scale (PSS-10) in a sample of health professionals in family medicine in Bosnia and Herzegovina. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2023; 6:100413. [PMID: 37576527 PMCID: PMC10413187 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2023.100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) has not been translated into Bosnian, nor has a study been conducted employing a sample of family medicine physicians and nurses to examine the instrument's reliability, validity, and factorial structure. Thus, the goal of this study was to investigate the reliability and construct validity of the Bosnian version of the PSS-10 among family medicine professionals. Study design Cross-sectional descriptive study provided among healthcare professionals in family medicine, using Google forms questionnaire (PSS-10) in Bosnian language. Methods Translation of PSS-10 in Bosnian is performed according to the proposed set of standardized guidelines. The questionnaire was sent on the email addresses of family physicians and nurses in whole Bosnia and Herzegovina. The collected data were subjected to reliability testing, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, which tested three alternative plausible models suggested by the extant literature: single factor, correlated two-factor and bifactor. Results A total of 272 out of 440 (RR = 61.3) nurses and physician working in family medicine in Bosnia and Herzegovina completed the PSS-10 Bosnia and Herzegovina version (BH). Participants were aged 25 to 69, with a mean age of 44.7 (±10.55). Most participants were women (86.8%) and physicians (58.8%) with specialisation in family medicine (43%). The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.87 and the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.88. Exploratory Factor Analysis yielded 2 factors with eigenvalues of 4.77 and 1.35, accounting for 61.2% of variance. Factor 1 consisted of 6 items representing ''perceived distress'', whereas Factor 2 consisted of 4 items representing ''perceived coping''. The Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a very good fit of this bifactor model to this sample. Conclusions Our results implies that the PSS-10-BH, as a bifactor model with good reliability and validity, may accurately measure the stress levels of family medicine physicians and nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaim Jatic
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Natasa Trifunovic
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Hasiba Erkocevic
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Elvira Hasanovic
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Irma Dzambo
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Aida Pilav
- Public Institution Institute for Public Health of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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LoTemplio S, Silcox J, Murdock R, Strayer DL, Payne BR. To err is human- to understand error-processing is divine: Contributions of working memory and anxiety to error-related brain and pupil responses. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14392. [PMID: 37496438 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Both anxiety and working memory capacity appear to predict increased (more negative) error-related negativity (ERN) amplitudes, despite being inversely related to one another. Until the interactive effects of these variables on the ERN are clarified, there may be challenges posed to our ability to use the ERN as an endophenotype for anxiety, as some have suggested. The compensatory error monitoring hypothesis suggests that high trait-anxiety individuals have larger ERN amplitudes because they must employ extra, compensatory efforts to override the working memory demands of their anxiety. Yet, to our knowledge, no ERN study has employed direct manipulation of working memory demands in conjunction with direct manipulations of induced (state) anxiety. Furthermore, little is known about how these manipulations affect other measures of error processing, such as the error-related pupil dilation response and post-error behavioral adjustments. Therefore, we manipulate working memory load and anxiety in a 2 × 2 within-subjects design to examine the interactive effects of working memory load and anxiety on ERN amplitude, error-related pupil dilation response amplitude, and post-error behavior. There were no effects of our manipulations on ERN amplitude, suggesting a strong interpretation of compensatory error-processing theory. However, our worry manipulation affected post-error behavior, such that worry caused a reduction in post-error accuracy. Additionally, our working memory manipulation affected error-related PDR magnitude and the amplitude of the error-related positivity (Pe), such that increased working memory load decreased the amplitude of these responses. Implications of these results within the context of the compensatory error processing framework are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jack Silcox
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Wu R, Liu F, Situ X, Huang W. "Reading A Book, By A Gain In Your Wit"--How to cultivate high school students' sustainable reading: A multi-factor analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23333. [PMID: 38144344 PMCID: PMC10746520 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Reading cultivation is an important task of education. In order to ensure the sustainable reading behavior of high school students, more and more scholars begin to pay attention to the research of reading psychology. In order to explore the psychological mechanism of high school students' reading, based on the theory of self-efficacy and achievement motivation, this study explores the chain intermediary model of 600 high school students' reading motivation influencing reading satisfaction through reading self-efficacy and social support. The results show that there are significant positive predictors among reading motivation, reading self-efficacy, social support and reading satisfaction. At the same time, reading self-efficacy and social support play an intermediary role between reading motivation and reading satisfaction of high school students respectively, and jointly play a chain intermediary role. The research results are of great theoretical and practical significance for understanding the reading psychology of senior high school students and ensuring their sustainable reading behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- School of Education Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Ninghai High School, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Education Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Wei Huang
- School of Teacher Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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88
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Xiao T, Zhu F, Wang D, Liu X, Xi SJ, Yu Y. Psychometric validation of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) among family caregivers of people with schizophrenia in China. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e076372. [PMID: 38035751 PMCID: PMC10689371 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is a widely used measure of perceived stress that has been validated in various populations, yet with inconsistent results on its factor structure. The present study examines the reliability and validity of the PSS-10 in a population not previously examined: Chinese family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia, with a focus on factor analysis. METHODS A sample of 449 family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia was recruited for psychometric testing of the scale. The factor structure of PSS-10 was tested by randomly dividing the sample into two groups for both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The scale was further tested for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity and concurrent validity. RESULTS EFA extracted two factors: perceived helplessness with six negative phrasing items and perceived efficacy with four positive phrasing items. CFA confirmed the structure of two factors with satisfactory model fit indices. Convergent validity was supported by high standard regression weight (0.78-0.92), average variance extracted (AVE=0.79-0.81) and composite reliability (0.88-0.94), while discriminant validity was confirmed by higher AVE estimates than the squared interconstruct correlations. The PSS-10 showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.79 and intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.91, respectively. Concurrent validity was demonstrated by its significant positive correlations with stigma, depression and anxiety, as well as significant negative correlations with social support, family functioning and positive caregiving experiences. CONCLUSION The two-factor PSS-10 has good psychometric characteristics assessing the perceived stress of family caregivers of people with schizophrenia. The findings indicate that the PSS-10 can be used to measure perceived stress in future research and practice among caregivers of people with schizophrenia, and potentially, other caregiving samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shi-Jun Xi
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Foshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Foshan, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Division of Prevention and Community Research, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Bourdage R, Narme P, Neeskens R, Papma J, Franzen S. An Evaluation of Cross-Cultural Adaptations of Social Cognition Testing: A Systematic Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2023:10.1007/s11065-023-09616-0. [PMID: 37975971 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-023-09616-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Social cognition remains one of the most difficult cognitive domains to assess in diverse populations due to a lack of culturally appropriate tools. This study systematically reviewed literature on neuropsychological tests for social cognition that have been translated, adapted, are cross-cultural, or are assembled for diverse, specifically "Global South," populations. The aim was to identify assessments appropriate for diverse populations, outline and evaluate their methodological approaches, and provide procedural recommendations for future research. The PRISMA systematic review search strategy produced 10,957 articles, of which 287 were selected for full-text screening. The study had to include a neuropsychological assessment of social cognition. The full text of the resulting 287 articles was then screened; the study had to include a translated, adapted, cross-cultural test, or an assembled test for Global South populations. Eighty-four articles were included in this study: 24 for emotion recognition, 45 for theory of mind, 9 for moral reasoning, and six for social cognition in general. Overall, there were 31 translations, 27 adaptations, 14 cross-cultural tests, and 12 assembled tests for Global South populations. Regarding quality, 35 were of low quality, 27 were of moderate quality, and 22 were high quality. This study provides an overview of social cognition tests modified or assembled for diverse populations and gives examples of methodological procedures. It highlights the variability in procedure quality and provides possible reasons for this variability. Finally, it suggests a need to report rigorous modification and assembly procedure in order to have modified and assembled social cognition tests appropriate for diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renelle Bourdage
- Laboratoire Mémoire Cerveau et Cognition (UR 7536), Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Cité, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - Pauline Narme
- Laboratoire Mémoire Cerveau et Cognition (UR 7536), Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Cité, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Raquel Neeskens
- Alzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janne Papma
- Alzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne Franzen
- Alzheimer Center & Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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90
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Zavagno D. Illusion as a Cognitive Clash Rooted in Perception. J Intell 2023; 11:215. [PMID: 37998714 PMCID: PMC10672324 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence11110215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Illusions are important 'tools' in the study of perceptual processes. Their conception is typically linked to the notion of veridicality in a dual-world framework, in which we either see the macro physical world as it is (ecological approaches) or we derive a faithful representation (cognitive approaches) of it. Within such theoretical views, illusions are errors caused by inadequate sensory information (because of poor quality, insufficient quantity, contradictory, etc.). From a phenomenological stance, however, experiencing an illusion does not relate to the physical quality of the distal or proximal stimulus; rather, it depends on a comparison between the actual perception and what one believes should be perceived given the knowledge s/he has gained about the physical stimulus. Within such a framework, illusions are still considered of extreme importance in the study of the processes underpinning perception, but they are not conceived as errors. They represent instead a cognitive clash between actual perception and hypothesized perception based on some sort of comparison, thus also showing their potential as a tool for studying the underpinnings of cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zavagno
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza dell'Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
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91
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Han SJ, Nagduar S, Yu HJ. Digital Addiction and Related Factors among College Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2943. [PMID: 37998435 PMCID: PMC10671342 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Digital addiction has been a global concern, with college students becoming increasingly vulnerable to it. The detrimental psycho-physiological effects of digital addiction have raised concerns regarding college students' health. This descriptive correlational study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of digital addiction and identify influencing factors among college students, such as body shape satisfaction, time management, and psychological health. (2) Methods: Data were collected from 199 students at a university in Seoul, South Korea, from 30 May to 13 June 2023. The Digital Addiction Scale (DAS), Time Structure Questionnaire (TSQ), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) were used for the assessment. Data (N = 199) were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. (3) Results: The mean score for digital addiction was 54 ± 12, with scores ranging from 23.0 to 89.0. Digital addiction had a significant positive correlation with body shape satisfaction (r = 0.156, p = 0.028) and a negative correlation with time management (r = -0.500, p < 0.001). In the stepwise multiple regression model of digital addiction (adjusted R2 = 0.285, p < 0.001), subfactors of body shape satisfaction (fear of fatness β = -0.280, body dissatisfaction β = 0.401) and time management (effective organization β = -0.211, persistence β = -0.209, past orientation β = -0.165) were statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: Body shape satisfaction and time management are important factors influencing digital addiction among college students. However, it does not establish a direct causal relationship. The findings indicate that there is a statistical association or connection between these factors, but they do not definitively state that body shape satisfaction or time management directly cause digital addiction. To decrease digital addiction in this population, interventions should aim to improve body shape satisfaction and time management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Jung Han
- College of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sugandha Nagduar
- Graduate School of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Jin Yu
- College of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
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92
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Mihić L, Janičić B, Marchetti I, Novović Z, Sica C, Bottesi G, Belopavlović R, Jakšić N. Comorbidity among depression, anxiety and stress symptoms in naturalistic clinical samples: A cross-cultural network analysis. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023. [PMID: 37940606 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Comorbidity between depression and anxiety is well-established across various settings and cultures. We approached comorbidity from the network psychopathology perspective and examined the depression, anxiety/autonomic arousal and stress/tension symptoms in naturalistic clinical samples from Serbia, Italy and Croatia. This was a multisite study in which regularized partial correlation networks of the symptoms, obtained via self-reports on the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) in three cross-cultural, clinical samples (total N = 874), were compared with respect to centrality, edge weights, community structure and bridge centrality. A moderate degree of similarity in a number of network indices across the three networks was observed. While negative mood emerged to be the most central node, stress/tension nodes were the most likely bridge symptoms between depressive and anxiety/autonomic arousal symptoms. We demonstrated that the network structure and features in mixed clinical samples were similar across three different languages and cultures. The symptoms such as agitation, restlessness and inability to relax functioned as bridges across the three symptom communities explored in this study. Important theoretical and clinical implications were derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljiljana Mihić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Bojan Janičić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Igor Marchetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Zdenka Novović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Claudio Sica
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Radomir Belopavlović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nenad Jakšić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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93
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Jiang DX, Huang TY, Chen J, Xiao WC, Shan R, Liu Z. The association of personality traits with childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:598-606. [PMID: 37597783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence has revealed an association between personality traits and obesity, but the findings regarding this association among children remain mixed. The aim of this review was to systematically summarize the literature regarding the associations between personality traits and childhood obesity. METHODS The study has been registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022306529). We searched a total of 8 databases up to July 1, 2023, to identify both published studies and grey literature written in English. Personality traits were classified into five dimensions based on the widely used Five-Factor Model. We conducted random effects meta-analyses to quantitatively synthesize the data. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of included studies. RESULTS A total of 7 studies were included. The pooled correlation coefficient of 2 studies was -0.09 (95 % CI: -0.17 to 0.00; I2 = 0 %) and the pooled standardized mean difference of 3 studies was -0.08 (95 % CI: -0.13 to -0.03; I2 = 66 %), indicating that conscientiousness was negatively associated with childhood obesity. No consistent patterns were found in the associations between the other 4 dimensions of personality traits and BMI/obesity in children. LIMITATIONS Our findings should be interpreted with caution due to the exclusion of non-English studies, the limited generalizability to Eastern population, and the scarcity body of evidence for present topic. CONCLUSIONS Low conscientiousness has been found to be consistently associated with childhood obesity. Causal associations of personality traits with the risk of childhood obesity remain to be clarified in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xia Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Yu Huang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wu-Cai Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui Shan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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94
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Lee TMC, Liang L, Hou WK, Tse AHY, Chan CCH. The Chinese "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test: A study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 89:103785. [PMID: 37776815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
We developed a 28-item Chinese Eyes Test and tested its psychometric properties with a mixed sample of high-functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome and neurotypical adults. The Chinese Eyes Test showed good convergent and divergent validity, satisfactory known-group discrimination, and acceptable internal consistency. The identified cutoff score of 18 or below (Sensitivity: 66.7%; Specificity: 84.0%) should be useful for identifying clinically significant levels of social cognitive deficits, in terms of difficulty with the perceptual understanding of others' mental states, in high-functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatia M C Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Li Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Wai Kai Hou
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Alicia H Y Tse
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chetwyn C H Chan
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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95
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Murshid ME, Chen S, Rahman MM, Islam MZ, Shimpuku Y, Rahman Era N, Kumar S, Haque M. Reliability and Validity of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Among Women and Adolescent Girls With Disabilities in Selected Sub-districts of Bangladesh. Cureus 2023; 15:e49605. [PMID: 38033436 PMCID: PMC10684972 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adequate community-based or societal collaboration and cooperation are considerably important for the overall welfare of women and adolescent girls with disabilities. "The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)" has not been evaluated for reliability and validity amid women and adolescent girls with disabilities in the Bangladeshi context. Methods A Bangla-translated form of the MSPSS was constructed, and the survey was conducted among 152 women and adolescent girls with disabilities who were purposefully recruited from Bogura Sadar and Chapainawabganj Sadar sub-districts of Bangladesh. Results The Cronbach's alpha of the entire scale was 0.868, indicating high internal consistency. Cronbach's alpha for the family sub-scale was 0.763, the friends sub-scale was 0.820, and the significant others scale was 0.776. The composite reliability for the family sub-scale was 0.849677, the friends sub-scale was 0.881248, and the significant others sub-scale was 0.859668. Convergence reliability was established following sub-scale-wise scores. It affirms the consistency of measurements. The content validity score was >0.62, following the Lawshe approach. The three-factor model was adopted during confirmatory factor analysis when the three-factor model run in SPSS Amos (version 21) CFI (comparative fit index) was 0.919. Conclusions In Bangladesh, to the best of our knowledge, our study is initially to calculate the perceived societal assistance of women and adolescent girls with disabilities. We validated the Bangla-translated form of the MSPSS from the Bangladeshi perspective. Researchers and clinicians may rely on our accurate and validated MSPSS translation into Bangla when working with this group. Based on our findings, this study endorses implementing the MSPSS for assessing professed community-based collaboration using the three-factor model, especially among women and adolescent girls with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munzur E Murshid
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JPN
| | - Sanmei Chen
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JPN
| | - Md Moshiur Rahman
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JPN
| | - Md Ziaul Islam
- Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Yoko Shimpuku
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JPN
| | | | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mainul Haque
- Karnavati Scientific Research Center (KSRC), School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
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96
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Duranovic M, Vardo E, Gabeljic A, Divkovic A, Simic A, Rahmanovic D. Contribution of orthographic knowledge to reading and spelling in Bosnian highly transparent orthography. Cogn Process 2023; 24:549-562. [PMID: 37344723 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-023-01146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The link between orthographic processing skills and reading and spelling abilities has been demonstrated in different studies and languages. However, previous research has not fully clarified this relationship. We examined the relationship between orthographic knowledge and reading and spelling performance in children from the second to the fifth grade of elementary school. We included measures of orthographic knowledge in two scripts (Latin and Cyrillic) for the same language, at both the lexical and sublexical levels. Word-specific orthographic knowledge was assessed by presenting children with pairs of words in which one word followed the orthographic rules of the Bosnian language, while the other was spelled incorrectly. General orthographic knowledge was assessed with an orthographic word-likeness task, where children had to choose the correct pseudoword, which followed legal orthographic patterns, while the incorrect ones did not. Reading and spelling, phonological awareness, and working memory were also included in the research. In Latin, no relationship was found between reading and spelling and orthographic knowledge, independent of the measure of orthographic processing. In Cyrillic, spelling performance predicts progress in general orthographic knowledge. The results of the study suggest that orthographic knowledge does not contribute to reading and spelling between Grades 2 and 3. General orthographic knowledge was an independent predictor of spelling in Grades 4 and 5 for Cyrillic, the second script. The findings suggest that the development of orthographic knowledge should be considered in the context of the specific language, script, and orthography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Duranovic
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Tuzla, Univerzitetska 1, 75 000, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Elvis Vardo
- Department of Psychology, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Alen Gabeljic
- Department of Psychology, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Alisa Divkovic
- Department of Psychology, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Andrej Simic
- Department of Psychology, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dijana Rahmanovic
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Tuzla, Univerzitetska 1, 75 000, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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97
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Robotti C, Schindler A, Lechien JR, Di Sabatino A, Capobianco S, Schindler A, Ottaviani F, Sims HS, Bertino G, Benazzo M, Mozzanica F. Prevalence of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Symptoms, Dysphonia, and Vocal Tract Discomfort in Amateur Choir Singers. J Voice 2023; 37:932-944. [PMID: 34404581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vocal tract discomfort (VTD), dysphonia, and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms are complaints frequently reported by amateur singers. There are two aims of this study. The first is to evaluate the prevalence of these symptoms using validated questionnaires. The second is to correlate singing-related variables with the questionnaire responses. METHODS A total of 392 amateur choir singers (ACS) and 514 control subjects completed an online survey divided into four parts: (1) clinical and demographic characteristics, (2) training in singing and singing experience, (3) history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and LPR symptoms, (4) validated questionnaires. Specifically, the reflux symptom index (RSI), the vocal tract discomfort scale (VTDS), and the voice symptom scale (VoiSS) were included to analyze the actual burden related to LPR symptoms, VTD, and dysphonia. RESULTS ACS demonstrated a healthier lifestyle and a lower prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms in comparison with control subjects. ACS scored significantly higher in VTDS and VoiSS than control subjects, while no differences in the RSI results were found. Significant correlations among the questionnaires' results were demonstrated. Occasional professional singing was the variable influencing VTDS and VoiSS results the most. CONCLUSION ACS do not evidently manifest a higher impairment connected to LPR (RSI score), while they do report higher levels of voice (VoiSS score) and vocal tract (VTDS score) impairments, in comparison with control subjects. The relevant correlations among the PRO measures suggest that LPR symptoms, VTD, and dysphonia are related to each other. Given the relevant repercussion on the severity of VTD and dysphonia, providers should specifically ask about occasional professional singing when treating amateur singers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Robotti
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Schindler
- Department of Biochemical and Clinical Science "L. Sacco", Luigi Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Jerome R Lechien
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Capobianco
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, ENT section, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Schindler
- Department of Biochemical and Clinical Science "L. Sacco", Luigi Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Ottaviani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - H Steven Sims
- Chicago Institute for Voice Care, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Giulia Bertino
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Benazzo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Mozzanica
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy.
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98
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Jovanović V, Renshaw TL. The Youth Internalizing Problems Screener: Validation in Serbian Adolescents and Measurement Invariance across Serbia and the USA. J Pers Assess 2023; 105:789-796. [PMID: 36697377 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2166518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The Youth Internalizing Problems Screener (YIPS) is a recently developed measure of general internalizing problems in adolescence. Validity evidence supporting interpretation and use of the YIPS outside the USA is still limited, and no research to date has examined cross-national invariance of this scale. Using two samples of Serbian adolescents, the present study examined the factor structure, internal consistency reliability, and convergent and incremental validity of a Serbian language version of the YIPS. Following, we evaluated the measurement invariance of the YIPS across Serbian and USA samples. Evidence for a one-factor structure and good internal consistency for the Serbian YIPS was found. The scale scores yielded strong associations with measures of depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, and positive and negative affect, indicating evidence of convergent validity. YIPS scores also had a unique contribution over and above depression and anxiety in predicting subjective well-being, thus supporting incremental validity. Partial scalar invariance for the YIPS measurement model was indicated across Serbian and USA samples. We conclude the YIPS appears to be a psychometrically sound measure of general internalizing problems among Serbian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veljko Jovanović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tyler L Renshaw
- Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
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99
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Suša R, Ratinac M, Ćupurdija V, Novković L, Milojević-Ilić M, Petrović M, Igrutinović N, Vuleta M, Timotijević L, Kostić O, Čekerevac I. Implementation of the Baveno Classification in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Its Correlation with Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1938. [PMID: 38003986 PMCID: PMC10673059 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The Baveno classification represents a new approach to the assessment of the severity of OSA (Obstructive sleep apnea), which takes significant comorbidities into account: atrial fibrillation, arterial hypertension, heart failure, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and OSA symptoms expressed through the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). The authors believe that the Baveno classification facilitates a better stratification of patients with OSA and can be a good guide for deciding on the therapeutic approach and clinical monitoring of patients with OSA, compared to the AHI (apnea-hypopnea index) itself. The aim of this paper is to confirm the advantage of applying the Baveno classification to the evaluation of symptoms of anxiety and depression in the OSA patients compared to the application of the AHI as a single parameter. Materials and Methods: This research represents an observational retrospective study that was performed at the Pulmonology Clinic of the University Clinical Center in Kragujevac, Serbia. The study sample included 104 patients with diagnosed OSA. Patients were divided into four categories retrogradely according to the Baveno classification (A, B, C, and D). Statistical data processing was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.0 program. Results: In our study, we proved that the Baveno classification is better at predicting the depressive disorder in OSA patients compared to the AHI itself, according to abnormal BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory) score (value greater than ten) and HADS-D (Hospital anxiety and depression) scale (value greater than eight). The average AHI in the entire group of examined patients was 44.3 ± 19.8, while in category A the average AHI was 25.2 ± 10, in category B, 53.4 ± 20.6; in category C, 38.2 ± 18.5; and in category D, 48.1 ± 19.2. In the total sample, AHI did not correlate with the depressive episodes, but individually, the highest frequency of the depressive symptoms was precisely in the categories with the highest AHI (group D and B), where more than half of the subjects had an abnormal score. The frequency of the anxiety disorder (HADS-A) between the analyzed groups did not differ significantly, although the largest number of patients with significant anxiety were in category B, according to the Baveno classification. Conclusions: We proved that the Baveno classification is applicable in real life, and it is better at evaluating anxiety and depression using questionnaires and can identify new patients who need CPAP therapy, independently of other OSAS symptoms, primarily daytime sleepiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Suša
- Pulmonology Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (R.S.); (V.Ć.); (N.I.); (I.Č.)
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Miloš Ratinac
- Pulmonology Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (R.S.); (V.Ć.); (N.I.); (I.Č.)
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vojislav Ćupurdija
- Pulmonology Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (R.S.); (V.Ć.); (N.I.); (I.Č.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Novković
- Pulmonology Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (R.S.); (V.Ć.); (N.I.); (I.Č.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Milojević-Ilić
- Pulmonology Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (R.S.); (V.Ć.); (N.I.); (I.Č.)
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina Petrović
- Pulmonology Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (R.S.); (V.Ć.); (N.I.); (I.Č.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojša Igrutinović
- Pulmonology Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (R.S.); (V.Ć.); (N.I.); (I.Č.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marko Vuleta
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Dr Dragisa Misovic, 11000 Beograd, Serbia
| | | | - Olivera Kostić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Čekerevac
- Pulmonology Clinic, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (R.S.); (V.Ć.); (N.I.); (I.Č.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Establishment of a condition-specific quality-of-life questionnaire for children born with esophageal atresia aged 2-7 across 14 countries. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1253892. [PMID: 37936889 PMCID: PMC10626467 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1253892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by a discontinuity of the esophagus. Following surgical repair, survival rates have improved dramatically the past decenniums and today exceed 90%, but the children commonly present with esophageal and respiratory morbidity. In 2018, a condition-specific quality-of-life questionnaire for children with esophageal atresia (EA) aged 2-7 in Sweden-Germany was finalized (The EA-QOL questionnaire). The study aim was to describe the evaluation of the new translations across 12 new countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, Central-and North America. Methods Following forward-backward translation into the new languages, the 17-item EA-QOL questionnaire was tested in cognitive debriefing interviews with parents of children with EA aged 2-7. Parents rated if each item was easy to understand (clarity) and sensitive to answer (interference with personal integrity). They could skip responding to a non-applicable/problematic item and give open comments. Predefined psychometric criteria were used; item clarity ≥80%/item sensitive to answer ≤20%/item feasibility ≤5% missing item responses. The decision to modify the translation was based on native expert, patient stakeholder, and instrument developer review, and the need for harmonization between translations. Results Similar to findings in the Swedish-German cognitive debriefing, the cross-cultural analysis of input from 116 parents from 12 new countries (4-14 parents, median 9 parents/country) showed that all items in the EA-QOL questionnaire fulfilled the criteria for item clarity ≥80% and sensitive to answer (ranging from 1%-4.5%), although results varied between countries. Four items had missing responses between 5.2% and 13.4%, three within the same domain and were in line with parents' explanations. Poor translations and feasibility were improved. Conclusions Based on parent input, the collaboration between native experts, patient stakeholders, and instrument developers, a linguistic version of the EA-QOL questionnaire for children aged 2-7 for use in and across 14 countries has been established. These efforts have set the conditions for a cross-cultural field test of the EA-QOL questionnaire and will open the doors for a new chapter in outcome research, registries, and clinical practice concerning children with EA. In the long-term, this will help increase knowledge of the disease's burden, promote patient-centeredness, exchange of information between nations, and strengthen evidence-based treatments for children born with EA.
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