1251
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Raff H. Do the Effects of the Triorganotin Tributyltin on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis In Vivo Contribute to Its Environmental Toxicity? Endocrinology 2016; 157:2996-8. [PMID: 27477861 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hershel Raff
- Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Endocrine Research Laboratory, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53215
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1252
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Nappi F, Barrea L, Di Somma C, Savanelli MC, Muscogiuri G, Orio F, Savastano S. Endocrine Aspects of Environmental "Obesogen" Pollutants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13080765. [PMID: 27483295 PMCID: PMC4997451 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13080765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests the causal link between the endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and the global obesity epidemics, in the context in the so-called “obesogenic environment”. Dietary intake of contaminated foods and water, especially in association with unhealthy eating pattern, and inhalation of airborne pollutants represent the major sources of human exposure to EDCs. This is of particular concern in view of the potential impact of obesity on chronic non-transmissible diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hormone-sensitive cancers. The key concept is the identification of adipose tissue not only as a preferential site of storage of EDCs, but also as an endocrine organ and, as such, susceptible to endocrine disruption. The timing of exposure to EDCs is critical to the outcome of that exposure, with early lifetime exposures (e.g., fetal or early postnatal) particularly detrimental because of their permanent effects on obesity later in life. Despite that the mechanisms operating in EDCs effects might vary enormously, this minireview is aimed to provide a general overview on the possible association between the pandemics of obesity and EDCs, briefly describing the endocrine mechanisms linking EDCs exposure and latent onset of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Orio
- Department of Sports Science and Wellness, "Parthenope" University of Naples, 80133 Naples, Italy.
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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1253
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Vandenberg LN, Ågerstrand M, Beronius A, Beausoleil C, Bergman Å, Bero LA, Bornehag CG, Boyer CS, Cooper GS, Cotgreave I, Gee D, Grandjean P, Guyton KZ, Hass U, Heindel JJ, Jobling S, Kidd KA, Kortenkamp A, Macleod MR, Martin OV, Norinder U, Scheringer M, Thayer KA, Toppari J, Whaley P, Woodruff TJ, Rudén C. A proposed framework for the systematic review and integrated assessment (SYRINA) of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Environ Health 2016; 15:74. [PMID: 27412149 PMCID: PMC4944316 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-016-0156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The issue of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is receiving wide attention from both the scientific and regulatory communities. Recent analyses of the EDC literature have been criticized for failing to use transparent and objective approaches to draw conclusions about the strength of evidence linking EDC exposures to adverse health or environmental outcomes. Systematic review methodologies are ideal for addressing this issue as they provide transparent and consistent approaches to study selection and evaluation. Objective methods are needed for integrating the multiple streams of evidence (epidemiology, wildlife, laboratory animal, in vitro, and in silico data) that are relevant in assessing EDCs. METHODS We have developed a framework for the systematic review and integrated assessment (SYRINA) of EDC studies. The framework was designed for use with the International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and World Health Organization (WHO) definition of an EDC, which requires appraisal of evidence regarding 1) association between exposure and an adverse effect, 2) association between exposure and endocrine disrupting activity, and 3) a plausible link between the adverse effect and the endocrine disrupting activity. RESULTS Building from existing methodologies for evaluating and synthesizing evidence, the SYRINA framework includes seven steps: 1) Formulate the problem; 2) Develop the review protocol; 3) Identify relevant evidence; 4) Evaluate evidence from individual studies; 5) Summarize and evaluate each stream of evidence; 6) Integrate evidence across all streams; 7) Draw conclusions, make recommendations, and evaluate uncertainties. The proposed method is tailored to the IPCS/WHO definition of an EDC but offers flexibility for use in the context of other definitions of EDCs. CONCLUSIONS When using the SYRINA framework, the overall objective is to provide the evidence base needed to support decision making, including any action to avoid/minimise potential adverse effects of exposures. This framework allows for the evaluation and synthesis of evidence from multiple evidence streams. Finally, a decision regarding regulatory action is not only dependent on the strength of evidence, but also the consequences of action/inaction, e.g. limited or weak evidence may be sufficient to justify action if consequences are serious or irreversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N. Vandenberg
- />Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst School of Public Health & Health Sciences, Amherst, MA USA
| | - Marlene Ågerstrand
- />Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Beronius
- />Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claire Beausoleil
- />ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety), Maisons Alfort, France
| | - Åke Bergman
- />Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- />Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Lisa A. Bero
- />Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- />Department of health sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- />Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, USA
| | - C. Scott Boyer
- />Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center, Södertälje, Sweden
| | | | - Ian Cotgreave
- />Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center (Swetox), Karolinska Institutet, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - David Gee
- />Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Philippe Grandjean
- />Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Ulla Hass
- />National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark
| | - Jerrold J. Heindel
- />National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Extramural Research and Training, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Susan Jobling
- />Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Karen A. Kidd
- />Biology Department and Canadian Rivers Institute, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick Canada
| | - Andreas Kortenkamp
- />Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Malcolm R. Macleod
- />Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Olwenn V. Martin
- />Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Ulf Norinder
- />Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center, Södertälje, Sweden
| | - Martin Scheringer
- />Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kristina A. Thayer
- />Department of Health and Human Services, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC USA
| | - Jorma Toppari
- />University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Paul Whaley
- />Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- />School of Medicine, Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, CA USA
| | - Christina Rudén
- />Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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1254
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Trasande L, Vandenberg LN, Bourguignon JP, Myers JP, Slama R, Vom Saal F, Zoeller RT. Peer-reviewed and unbiased research, rather than 'sound science', should be used to evaluate endocrine-disrupting chemicals. J Epidemiol Community Health 2016; 70:1051-1056. [PMID: 27417427 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2016-207841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Evidence increasingly confirms that synthetic chemicals disrupt the endocrine system and contribute to disease and disability across the lifespan. Despite a United Nations Environment Programme/WHO report affirmed by over 100 countries at the Fourth International Conference on Chemicals Management, 'manufactured doubt' continues to be cast as a cloud over rigorous, peer-reviewed and independently funded scientific data. This study describes the sources of doubt and their social costs, and suggested courses of action by policymakers to prevent disease and disability. The problem is largely based on the available data, which are all too limited. Rigorous testing programmes should not simply focus on oestrogen, androgen and thyroid. Tests should have proper statistical power. 'Good laboratory practice' (GLP) hardly represents a proper or even gold standard for laboratory studies of endocrine disruption. Studies should be evaluated with regard to the contamination of negative controls, responsiveness to positive controls and dissection techniques. Flaws in many GLP studies have been identified, yet regulatory agencies rely on these flawed studies. Peer-reviewed and unbiased research, rather than 'sound science', should be used to evaluate endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA NYU Wagner School of Public Service, New York, New York, USA Department of Nutrition, Food & Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York, New York, USA NYU Global Institute of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Bourguignon
- Pediatric Endocrinology, CHU Liège and Neuroendocrinology Unit, GIGA Neurosciences, Universite de Liege, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Remy Slama
- Inserm, CNRS and Univ. Grenoble Alpes joint research center (IAB), Team of Environmental Epidemiology, Grenoble, France
| | - Frederick Vom Saal
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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1255
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Ziv-Gal A, Flaws JA. Evidence for bisphenol A-induced female infertility: a review (2007-2016). Fertil Steril 2016; 106:827-56. [PMID: 27417731 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We summarized the scientific literature published from 2007 to 2016 on the potential effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on female fertility. We focused on overall fertility outcomes (e.g., ability to become pregnant, number of offspring), organs that are important for female reproduction (i.e., oviduct, uterus, ovary, hypothalamus, and pituitary), and reproductive-related processes (i.e., estrous cyclicity, implantation, and hormonal secretion). The reviewed literature indicates that BPA may be associated with infertility in women. Potential explanations for this association can be generated from experimental studies. Specifically, BPA may alter overall female reproductive capacity by affecting the morphology and function of the oviduct, uterus, ovary, and hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis in animal models. In addition, BPA may disrupt estrous cyclicity and implantation. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better understand the exact mechanisms of action and to detect potential reproductive toxicity at earlier stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Ziv-Gal
- School of Food and Nutrition, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
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1256
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Soriano S, Ripoll C, Alonso-Magdalena P, Fuentes E, Quesada I, Nadal A, Martinez-Pinna J. Effects of Bisphenol A on ion channels: Experimental evidence and molecular mechanisms. Steroids 2016; 111:12-20. [PMID: 26930576 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) produced in huge quantities in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. It is present in most humans in developed countries, acting as a xenoestrogen and it is considered an environmental risk factor associated to several diseases. Among the whole array of identified mechanisms by which BPA can interfere with physiological processes in living organisms, changes on ion channel activity is one of the most poorly understood. There is still little evidence about BPA regulation of ion channel expression and function. However, this information is key to understand how BPA disrupts excitable and non-excitable cells, including neurons, endocrine cells and muscle cells. This report is the result of a comprehensive literature review on the effects of BPA on ion channels. We conclude that there is evidence to say that these important molecules may be key end-points for EDCs acting as xenoestrogens. However, more research on channel-mediated BPA effects is needed. Particularly, mechanistic studies to unravel the pathophysiological actions of BPA on ion channels at environmentally relevant doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Soriano
- Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, Spain
| | - Cristina Ripoll
- Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- Departamento de Biología Aplicada and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain
| | - Esther Fuentes
- Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain
| | - Ivan Quesada
- Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain
| | - Angel Nadal
- Instituto de Bioingeniería and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain.
| | - Juan Martinez-Pinna
- Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, Spain.
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1257
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Suvorov A, Vandenberg LN. To Cull or Not To Cull? Considerations for Studies of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Endocrinology 2016; 157:2586-94. [PMID: 27175970 PMCID: PMC4929555 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The power of animal models is derived from the ability to control experimental variables so that observed effects may be unequivocally attributed to the factor that was changed. One variable that is difficult to control in animal experiments is the number and composition of offspring in a litter. To account for this variability, artificial equalization of the number of offspring in a litter (culling) is often used. The rationale for culling, however, has always been controversial. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease concept provides a new context to evaluate the pros and cons of culling in laboratory animal studies, especially in the context of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Emerging evidence indicates that culling, especially of large litters, can drastically change the feeding status of a pup, which can result in compensatory growth with long-term consequences for the animal, including increased risk of cardio-metabolic diseases. Similarly, culling of litters to intentionally bias sex ratios can alter the animal's behavior and physiology, with effects observed on a wide range of outcomes. Thus, in an attempt to control for variability in developmental rates, culling introduces an uncontrolled or confounding variable, which itself may affect a broad spectrum of health-related consequences. Variabilities in culling protocols could be responsible for differences in responses to endocrine-disrupting chemicals reported across studies. Because litter sex composition and size are vectors that can influence both prenatal and postnatal growth, they are essential considerations for the interpretation of results from laboratory animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Suvorov
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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1258
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Hart RJ. Physiological Aspects of Female Fertility: Role of the Environment, Modern Lifestyle, and Genetics. Physiol Rev 2016; 96:873-909. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00023.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Across the Western World there is an increasing trend to postpone childbearing. Consequently, the negative influence of age on oocyte quality may lead to a difficulty in conceiving for many couples. Furthermore, lifestyle factors may exacerbate a couple's difficulty in conceiving due mainly to the metabolic influence of obesity; however, the negative impacts of low peripheral body fat, excessive exercise, the increasing prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases, and smoking all have significant negative effects on fertility. Other factors that impede conception are the perceived increasing prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome, which is further exacerbated by obesity, and the presence of uterine fibroids and endometriosis (a progressive pelvic inflammatory disorder) which are more prevalent in older women. A tendency for an earlier sexual debut and to have more sexual partners has led to an increase in sexually transmitted diseases. In addition, there are several genetic influences that may limit the number of oocytes within the ovary; consequently, by postponing attempts at childbearing, a limitation of oocyte number may become evident, whereas in previous generations with earlier conception this potentially reduced reproductive life span did not manifest in infertility. Environmental influences on reproduction are under increasing scrutiny. Although firm evidence is lacking however, dioxin exposure may be linked to endometriosis, phthalate exposure may influence ovarian reserve, and bisphenol A may interfere with oocyte development and maturation. However, chemotherapy or radiotherapy is recognized to lead to ovarian damage and predispose the woman to ovarian failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger J. Hart
- School of Women's and Infants Health, University of Western Australia & Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Subiaco, Perth Western Australia
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1259
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Zlatnik MG. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Reproductive Health. J Midwifery Womens Health 2016; 61:442-55. [PMID: 27391253 PMCID: PMC6701840 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the evidence linking industrial chemicals to a variety of health and reproductive outcomes. Industrial chemical production has increased over the past 30 to 40 years. Basic science, animal models, and epidemiologic data suggest that certain chemicals may act as endocrine disruptors (substances that interfere with normal hormonal action) and may play an etiologic role in a number of conditions whose incidence has also increased during this same period. These include low birth weight, gestational diabetes, obesity, certain cancers, certain birth defects, and neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit disorder and autism. In addition, some environmental chemicals may have epigenetic effects, resulting in transgenerational health impacts. The epidemiologic and experimental evidence that links chemicals such as plasticizers (eg, phthalates and phenols), flame retardants, perfluorinated compounds, and pesticides with adverse reproductive health outcomes is reviewed. Women's health care providers are the liaison between scientific research and their patients; they should educate themselves on the significance of environmental toxins to health. They are ideally positioned, not only to counsel and reassure pregnant women, but also to suggest practicable changes in dietary and lifestyle habits to improve their health. Furthermore, women's health care providers should advocate for regulatory changes that protect women and their families from the health effects of environmental toxins.
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1260
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Green JM, Metz J, Lee O, Trznadel M, Takesono A, Brown AR, Owen SF, Kudoh T, Tyler CR. High-Content and Semi-Automated Quantification of Responses to Estrogenic Chemicals Using a Novel Translucent Transgenic Zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:6536-45. [PMID: 27227508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rapid embryogenesis, together with genetic similarities with mammals, and the desire to reduce mammalian testing, are major incentives for using the zebrafish model in chemical screening and testing. Transgenic zebrafish, engineered for identifying target gene expression through expression of fluorophores, have considerable potential for both high-content and high-throughput testing of chemicals for endocrine activity. Here we generated an estrogen responsive transgenic zebrafish model in a pigment-free "Casper" phenotype, facilitating identification of target tissues and quantification of these responses in whole intact fish. Using the ERE-GFP-Casper model we show chemical type and concentration dependence for green fluorescent protein (GFP) induction and both spatial and temporal responses for different environmental estrogens tested. We also developed a semiautomated (ArrayScan) imaging and image analysis system that we applied to quantify whole body fluorescence responses for a range of different estrogenic chemicals in the new transgenic zebrafish model. The zebrafish model developed provides a sensitive and highly integrative system for identifying estrogenic chemicals, their target tissues and effect concentrations for exposures in real time and across different life stages. It thus has application for chemical screening to better direct health effects analysis of environmental estrogens and for investigating the functional roles of estrogens in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M Green
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Metz
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Okhyun Lee
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Maciej Trznadel
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Aya Takesono
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - A Ross Brown
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart F Owen
- AstraZeneca, Global Environment , Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, United Kingdom
| | - Tetsuhiro Kudoh
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
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1261
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Ali I, Hurmerinta T, Nurmi T, Berglund M, Rüegg J, Poutanen M, Halldin K, Mäkelä S, Damdimopoulou P. From pure compounds to complex exposure: Effects of dietary cadmium and lignans on estrogen, epidermal growth factor receptor, and mitogen activated protein kinase signaling in vivo. Toxicol Lett 2016; 253:27-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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1262
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Wang Q, Trevino LS, Wong RLY, Medvedovic M, Chen J, Ho SM, Shen J, Foulds CE, Coarfa C, O'Malley BW, Shilatifard A, Walker CL. Reprogramming of the Epigenome by MLL1 Links Early-Life Environmental Exposures to Prostate Cancer Risk. Mol Endocrinol 2016; 30:856-71. [PMID: 27219490 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue and organ development is a time of exquisite sensitivity to environmental exposures, which can reprogram developing tissues to increase susceptibility to adult diseases, including cancer. In the developing prostate, even brief exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can increase risk for developing cancer in adulthood, with disruption of the epigenome thought to play a key role in this developmental reprogramming. We find that EDC-induced nongenomic phosphoinositide 3-kinase; (PI3K) signaling engages the histone methyltransferase mixed-lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1), responsible for the histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) active epigenetic mark, to increase cleavage and formation of active MLL1 dimers. In the developing prostate, EDC-induced MLL1 activation increased H3K4me3 at genes associated with prostate cancer, with increased H3K4me3 and elevated basal and hormone-induced expression of reprogrammed genes persisting into adulthood. These data identify a mechanism for MLL1 activation that is vulnerable to disruption by environmental exposures, and link MLL1 activation by EDCs to developmental reprogramming of genes involved in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wang
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Lindsey S Trevino
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Rebecca Lee Yean Wong
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Jing Chen
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Jianjun Shen
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Charles E Foulds
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Ali Shilatifard
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Cheryl L Walker
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (Q.W., L.S.T., R.L.Y.W., C.L.W.), Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (C.E.F., C.C., B.W.O.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Environmental Health (M.M., J.C., S.-m.H.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267; Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis (J.S.), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (A.S.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
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1263
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Vandenberg LN, Prins GS. Clarity in the face of confusion: new studies tip the scales on bisphenol A (BPA). Andrology 2016; 4:561-4. [PMID: 27189146 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts - Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - G S Prins
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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1264
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Singal AK, Jain VG, Gazali Z, Shekhawat P. Shorter anogenital distance correlates with the severity of hypospadias in pre-pubertal boys. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:1406-10. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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1265
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Lind L, Lind PM, Lejonklou MH, Dunder L, Bergman Å, Guerrero-Bosagna C, Lampa E, Lee HK, Legler J, Nadal A, Pak YK, Phipps RP, Vandenberg LN, Zalko D, Ågerstrand M, Öberg M, Blumberg B, Heindel JJ, Birnbaum LS. Uppsala Consensus Statement on Environmental Contaminants and the Global Obesity Epidemic. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:A81-3. [PMID: 27135406 PMCID: PMC4858400 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1511115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Summary: From the lectures presented at the 2nd International Workshop on Obesity and Environmental Contaminants, which was held in Uppsala, Sweden, on 8–9 October 2015, it became evident that the findings from numerous animal and epidemiological studies are consistent with the hypothesis that environmental contaminants could contribute to the global obesity epidemic. To increase awareness of this important issue among scientists, regulatory agencies, politicians, chemical industry management, and the general public, the authors summarize compelling scientific evidence that supports the hypothesis and discuss actions that could restrict the possible harmful effects of environmental contaminants on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Address correspondence to L. Lind, Department of Medical Sciences, Akademiska sjukhuset, Entrance 40, Plan 5, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden. Telephone: 46186114959. E-mail:
| | - P. Monica Lind
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Address correspondence to L. Lind, Department of Medical Sciences, Akademiska sjukhuset, Entrance 40, Plan 5, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden. Telephone: 46186114959. E-mail:
| | - Margareta H. Lejonklou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linda Dunder
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Åke Bergman
- Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center (Swetox), Södertalje, Sweden
| | | | - Erik Lampa
- Uppsala Clinical Research (UCR) Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hong Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juliette Legler
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Angel Nadal
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Youngmi Kim Pak
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Richard P. Phipps
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Laura N. Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Zalko
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) UMR1331 (Unité Mixe de Recherche 1331), Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, INPT (Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse), UPS (Universite Paul Sabatier), Toulouse, France
| | - Marlene Ågerstrand
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Öberg
- Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center (Swetox), Södertalje, Sweden
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Jerrold J. Heindel
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, USA
| | - Linda S. Birnbaum
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, USA
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1266
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Leung AM, Korevaar TI, Peeters RP, Zoeller RT, Köhrle J, Duntas LH, Brent GA, Demeneix BA. Exposure to Thyroid-Disrupting Chemicals: A Transatlantic Call for Action. Thyroid 2016; 26:479-80. [PMID: 26906244 PMCID: PMC4827314 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Leung
- Division of Endocrinology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
- Division of Endocrinology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tim I.M. Korevaar
- The Generation R Study Group; Department of Internal Medicine; Rotterdam Thyroid Center; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robin P. Peeters
- The Generation R Study Group; Department of Internal Medicine; Rotterdam Thyroid Center; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R. Thomas Zoeller
- Biology Department and Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Josef Köhrle
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Gregory A. Brent
- Division of Endocrinology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
- Division of Endocrinology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Barbara A. Demeneix
- Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Département Régulations, Développement et Diversité Moléculaire, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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1267
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Padmanabhan V, Cardoso RC, Puttabyatappa M. Developmental Programming, a Pathway to Disease. Endocrinology 2016; 157:1328-40. [PMID: 26859334 PMCID: PMC4816734 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that insults occurring during the perinatal period alter the developmental trajectory of the fetus/offspring leading to long-term detrimental outcomes that often culminate in adult pathologies. These perinatal insults include maternal/fetal disease states, nutritional deficits/excess, stress, lifestyle choices, exposure to environmental chemicals, and medical interventions. In addition to reviewing the various insults that contribute to developmental programming and the benefits of animal models in addressing underlying mechanisms, this review focuses on the commonalities in disease outcomes stemming from various insults, the convergence of mechanistic pathways via which various insults can lead to common outcomes, and identifies the knowledge gaps in the field and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5718
| | - Rodolfo C Cardoso
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5718
| | - Muraly Puttabyatappa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5718
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1268
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Dix D, Weber W. Letter to the Editor: Response to "Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals" by Gore et al. Endocr Rev 2016; 37:L1-2. [PMID: 27049553 DOI: 10.1210/er.2016-1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Dix
- Director, Office of Science Coordination and Policy, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave, NW (7201M), WA DC 20460; Program Participant-ASPPH Environmental Health Fellowship Program, Hosted by EPA Office of Science Coordination and Policy
| | - Whitney Weber
- Director, Office of Science Coordination and Policy, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave, NW (7201M), WA DC 20460; Program Participant-ASPPH Environmental Health Fellowship Program, Hosted by EPA Office of Science Coordination and Policy
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1269
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Hunt PA, Sathyanarayana S, Fowler PA, Trasande L. Female Reproductive Disorders, Diseases, and Costs of Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in the European Union. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:1562-70. [PMID: 27003299 PMCID: PMC4880176 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT A growing body of evidence suggests that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) contribute to female reproductive disorders. OBJECTIVE To calculate the associated combined health care and economic costs attributable to specific EDC exposures within the European Union (EU). DESIGN An expert panel evaluated evidence for probability of causation using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change weight-of-evidence characterization. Exposure-response relationships and reference levels were evaluated, and biomarker data were organized from carefully identified studies from the peer-reviewed literature to represent European exposure and approximate burden of disease as it occurred in 2010. Cost-of-illness estimation used multiple peer-reviewed sources. SETTING, PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION Cost estimation was carried out from a societal perspective, ie, including direct costs (eg, treatment costs) and indirect costs such as productivity loss. RESULTS The most robust EDC-related data for female reproductive disorders exist for 1) diphenyldichloroethene-attributable fibroids and 2) phthalate-attributable endometriosis in Europe. In both cases, the strength of epidemiological evidence was rated as low and the toxicological evidence as moderate, with an assigned probability of causation of 20%–39%. Across the EU, attributable cases were estimated to be 56 700 and 145 000 women, respectively, with total combined economic and health care costs potentially reaching €163 million and €1.25 billion. CONCLUSIONS EDCs (diphenyldichloroethene and phthalates) may contribute substantially to the most common reproductive disorders in women, endometriosis and fibroids, costing nearly €1.5 billion annually. These estimates represent only EDCs for which there were sufficient epidemiologic studies and those with the highest probability of causation. These public health costs should be considered as the EU contemplates regulatory action on EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Hunt
- School of Molecular Biosciences (P.A.H.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145; Department of Pediatrics (S.S.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98145; Division of Applied Medicine (P.A.F.), Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom; New York University (NYU) School of Medicine (L.T.), New York, New York 10016; NYU Wagner School of Public Service (L.T.), New York, New York 10012; and Education and Human Development (L.T.), Department of Nutrition, Food and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture New York, New York, New York 10013; NYU College of Global Public Health (L.T.), New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- School of Molecular Biosciences (P.A.H.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145; Department of Pediatrics (S.S.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98145; Division of Applied Medicine (P.A.F.), Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom; New York University (NYU) School of Medicine (L.T.), New York, New York 10016; NYU Wagner School of Public Service (L.T.), New York, New York 10012; and Education and Human Development (L.T.), Department of Nutrition, Food and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture New York, New York, New York 10013; NYU College of Global Public Health (L.T.), New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Paul A Fowler
- School of Molecular Biosciences (P.A.H.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145; Department of Pediatrics (S.S.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98145; Division of Applied Medicine (P.A.F.), Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom; New York University (NYU) School of Medicine (L.T.), New York, New York 10016; NYU Wagner School of Public Service (L.T.), New York, New York 10012; and Education and Human Development (L.T.), Department of Nutrition, Food and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture New York, New York, New York 10013; NYU College of Global Public Health (L.T.), New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- School of Molecular Biosciences (P.A.H.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98145; Department of Pediatrics (S.S.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98145; Division of Applied Medicine (P.A.F.), Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom; New York University (NYU) School of Medicine (L.T.), New York, New York 10016; NYU Wagner School of Public Service (L.T.), New York, New York 10012; and Education and Human Development (L.T.), Department of Nutrition, Food and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture New York, New York, New York 10013; NYU College of Global Public Health (L.T.), New York University, New York, New York 10003
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1270
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Cox KH. A Bisphenol by Any Other Name.. Endocrinology 2016; 157:449-51. [PMID: 26828808 PMCID: PMC4733127 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-2060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly H Cox
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02113
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1271
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Le KT, Sawicki MP, Wang MB, Hershman JM, Leung AM. HIGH PREVALENCE OF AGENT ORANGE EXPOSURE AMONG THYROID CANCER PATIENTS IN THE NATIONAL VA HEALTHCARE SYSTEM. Endocr Pract 2016; 22:699-702. [PMID: 27176142 DOI: 10.4158/ep151108.or] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and the most rapidly increasing cancer in the U.S. Little is known regarding the epidemiology and characteristics of patients with thyroid cancer within the national Veterans Health Administration (VHA) integrated healthcare system. The aim of this study was to further understand the characteristics of thyroid cancer patients in the VHA population, particularly in relation to Agent Orange exposure. METHODS This is a descriptive analysis of the VA (Veterans Affairs) Corporate Data Warehouse database from all U.S. VHA healthcare sites from October1, 1999, to December 31, 2013. Information was extracted for all thyroid cancer patients based on International Classification of Diseases-ninth revision diagnosis codes; histologic subtypes of thyroid cancer were not available. RESULTS There were 19,592 patients (86% men, 76% white, 58% married, 42% Vietnam-era Veteran) in the VHA system with a diagnosis of thyroid cancer within this 14-year study period. The gender-stratified prevalence rates of thyroid cancer among the Veteran population during the study period were 1:1,114 (women) and 1:1,023 (men), which were lower for women but similar for men, when compared to the U.S. general population in 2011 (1:350 for women and 1:1,219 for men). There was a significantly higher proportion of self-reported Agent Orange exposure among thyroid cancer patients (10.0%), compared to the general VHA population (6.2%) (P<.0001). CONCLUSION Thyroid cancer patients, in this sample, have a higher prevalence of self-reported Agent Orange exposure compared to the overall national VA patient population. ABBREVIATIONS T4 = thyroxine TCDD = 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone VA = Veterans Affairs VHA = Veterans Health Administration.
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1272
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Lazarus J, Taylor P. HYPOTHYROXINAEMIA AND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2016; 12:1-6. [PMID: 31258792 PMCID: PMC6586752 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to indicate the current position on the role of thyroxine (T4) and fetal brain development with particular relevance to the human situation. Adequate maternal iodine nutrition and maternal circulating thyroxine (T4) concentrations are essential to ensure optimum T4 placental passage which in turn will ensure transport of T4 into fetal brain cells. These processes are discussed and the role of thyroid hormone transporters is considered. The emphasis on isolated maternal hypothyroxinaemia (IH) as an important factor affecting brain development is discussed from the animal experimental point of view as well as in the clinical setting. There is evidence of neurocognitive impairment as assessed by different modalities in children up to the age of 8 years and some suggestion of increased psychiatric disorder in older persons whose mothers had IH during gestation. Although international guidelines have not in general recommended thyroxine therapy for IH the recent demonstration of adverse obstetric outcomes in women with isolated maternal hypothyroxinaemia may warrant a revision of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.H. Lazarus
- Thyroid Research Group, Cardiff School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - P.N. Taylor
- Thyroid Research Group, Cardiff School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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1273
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Gore AC, Chappell VA, Fenton SE, Flaws JA, Nadal A, Prins GS, Toppari J, Zoeller RT. Executive Summary to EDC-2: The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Endocr Rev 2015; 36:593-602. [PMID: 26414233 PMCID: PMC4702495 DOI: 10.1210/er.2015-1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This Executive Summary to the Endocrine Society's second Scientific Statement on environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) provides a synthesis of the key points of the complete statement. The full Scientific Statement represents a comprehensive review of the literature on seven topics for which there is strong mechanistic, experimental, animal, and epidemiological evidence for endocrine disruption, namely: obesity and diabetes, female reproduction, male reproduction, hormone-sensitive cancers in females, prostate cancer, thyroid, and neurodevelopment and neuroendocrine systems. EDCs such as bisphenol A, phthalates, pesticides, persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diethyl ethers, and dioxins were emphasized because these chemicals had the greatest depth and breadth of available information. The Statement also included thorough coverage of studies of developmental exposures to EDCs, especially in the fetus and infant, because these are critical life stages during which perturbations of hormones can increase the probability of a disease or dysfunction later in life. A conclusion of the Statement is that publications over the past 5 years have led to a much fuller understanding of the endocrine principles by which EDCs act, including nonmonotonic dose-responses, low-dose effects, and developmental vulnerability. These findings will prove useful to researchers, physicians, and other healthcare providers in translating the science of endocrine disruption to improved public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Gore
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - V A Chappell
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - S E Fenton
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - J A Flaws
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - A Nadal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - G S Prins
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - J Toppari
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - R T Zoeller
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Beronius A, Vandenberg LN. Using systematic reviews for hazard and risk assessment of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2015; 16:273-87. [PMID: 26847432 PMCID: PMC4803521 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-016-9334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The possibility that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in our environment contribute to hormonally related effects and diseases observed in human and wildlife populations has caused concern among decision makers and researchers alike. EDCs challenge principles traditionally applied in chemical risk assessment and the identification and assessment of these compounds has been a much debated topic during the last decade. State of the science reports and risk assessments of potential EDCs have been criticized for not using systematic and transparent approaches in the evaluation of evidence. In the fields of medicine and health care, systematic review methodologies have been developed and used to enable objectivity and transparency in the evaluation of scientific evidence for decision making. Lately, such approaches have also been promoted for use in the environmental health sciences and risk assessment of chemicals. Systematic review approaches could provide a tool for improving the evaluation of evidence for decision making regarding EDCs, e.g. by enabling systematic and transparent use of academic research data in this process. In this review we discuss the advantages and challenges of applying systematic review methodology in the identification and assessment of EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Beronius
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura N. Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst School of Public Health & Health Sciences, Amherst, MA, USA
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