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Mays D, Atkins MB, Ahn J, Tercyak KP. Indoor Tanning Dependence in Young Adult Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:1636-1643. [PMID: 29051341 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is mounting evidence that young people can develop a dependence on indoor tanning, but research on factors associated with indoor tanning dependence remains limited.Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated factors associated with indoor tanning dependence in a community sample of 389 non-Hispanic white young adult women ages 18 to 30 who had indoor tanned ≥1 time in the past year. Participants completed measures of indoor tanning dependence, including the modified CAGE and modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-IV psychiatric screening assessments, indoor tanning behavior and beliefs, and behavioral and psychiatric comorbidity.Results: Overall, 22.6% of the sample screened positive for indoor tanning dependence. In multivariable analyses, indoor tanning dependence was associated with younger age of indoor tanning initiation [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.79; P = 0.017], indoor tanning ≥20 times in the past year (aOR = 3.03; P = 0.015), stronger beliefs about the benefits of tanning (aOR = 2.15; P = 0.004), greater perceived susceptibility to indoor tanning risks (aOR = 2.72; P < 0.001), stronger beliefs about physical appearance (aOR = 1.73; P = 0.037), and depressive symptoms (aOR = 3.79; P < 0.001).Conclusions: Indoor tanning dependence among young, non-Hispanic white women is associated with behaviors that increase the risk of skin cancer, beliefs favoring the perceived benefits of tanning, and comorbid risks such as stronger beliefs about physical appearance and depressed mood.Impact: Comprehensive skin cancer prevention efforts should address indoor tanning dependence among young women and its leading risk factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(11); 1636-43. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Mays
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC.
| | - Michael B Atkins
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Jaeil Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Kenneth P Tercyak
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
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102
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Day AK, Coups EJ, Manne SL, Stapleton JL. Recall of indoor tanning salon warnings and safety guidelines among a national sample of tanners. Transl Behav Med 2017; 6:622-627. [PMID: 27234149 DOI: 10.1007/s13142-016-0392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoor tanning (IT) is a known carcinogen, and regulation has increased across the USA. However, there is minimal point-of-sale regulation for adult users. The purpose of the present study is to explore whether IT users recall being provided with warnings or safety guidelines at tanning salons. A national sample of 273 young adult, female IT users (mean age = 22.26, SD = 2.38) was surveyed regarding the frequency that they recalled being provided with six different warnings and safety guidelines when at tanning salons. Between 65 and 90.1 % of participants reported recalling the various warnings and guidelines. Having very fair skin was reported by 16.8 % of participants, and these high-risk individuals were less likely to recall having read and signed a consent form than other IT users (p = .002). The current level of regulation is insufficient to provide IT users with consistent warnings and safety guidelines at tanning salons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K Day
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, 5th floor, Room 5549.20, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-2681, USA.
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Elliot J Coups
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, 5th floor, Room 5549.20, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-2681, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Sharon L Manne
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, 5th floor, Room 5549.20, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-2681, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jerod L Stapleton
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, 5th floor, Room 5549.20, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-2681, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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103
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Mays D, Murphy SE, Bubly R, Atkins MB, Tercyak KP. Support for indoor tanning policies among young adult women who indoor tan. Transl Behav Med 2017; 6:613-621. [PMID: 27496162 DOI: 10.1007/s13142-016-0432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study to examine support for indoor tanning policies and correlates of policy support among young adult women who indoor tan. Non-Hispanic white women ages 18-30 who indoor tanned in the past year (n = 356, M 23.3 age, SD 3.1) recruited in the Washington, DC area from 2013 to 2016 completed measures of indoor tanning behaviors, attitudes, perceptions, beliefs, and policy support. Most women in the sample supported policies to prevent children under the age of 18 from indoor tanning (74.0 %) and stronger warnings about the risks of indoor tanning on tanning devices (77.6 %); only 10.1 % supported a total ban. In multivariable analyses, support for individual indoor tanning policies varied by demographics (e.g., age), frequent indoor tanning behavior, indoor tanning beliefs, and risk perceptions. Non-Hispanic white young adult women who indoor tan, the primary consumers of indoor tanning, and a high-risk population, largely support indoor tanning prevention policies implemented by many state governments and those currently under review for national enactment. Given low levels of support for a total indoor tanning ban, support for other potential policies (e.g., increasing the minimum age to 21) should be investigated to inform future steps to reduce indoor tanning and the associated health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Mays
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention & Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3300 Whitehaven St NW, Suite 4100, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Sarah E Murphy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rachel Bubly
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael B Atkins
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Melanoma Center, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kenneth P Tercyak
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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104
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Ricklefs CA, Asdigian NL, Kalra HL, Mayer JA, Dellavalle RP, Holman DM, Crane LA. Indoor tanning promotions on social media in six US cities #UVTanning #tanning. Transl Behav Med 2017; 6:260-70. [PMID: 27356996 DOI: 10.1007/s13142-015-0378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no research investigating indoor tanning advertising on social media. We assessed the use of social media to promote indoor tanning. We subscribed to social media platforms in six US cities and content-analyzed promotional messages received. We captured 662 messages on Twitter and Facebook, through salon emails, and in daily deal coupons. Salon postings were most frequent on Twitter and Facebook, with an average of 2-3 postings per week. National chains posted more frequently than local businesses. Forty percent of messages were devoid of tanning content and included photos, jokes, or popular references. Thirty percent mentioned price reductions, and 28 % referenced an upcoming holiday. Sunless tanning (17 %) was promoted more often than ultraviolet tanning (9 %). Tanning salons actively use social media as a strategy for maintaining relationships with customers and offer pricing deals that promote loyalty and high-frequency tanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Ricklefs
- Research Informatics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nancy L Asdigian
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Place, B119, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Heidi L Kalra
- Master of Physician Assistant Studies Program, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joni A Mayer
- Division of Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert P Dellavalle
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Dermatology Service, Aurora, CO, USA.,VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Dawn M Holman
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lori A Crane
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Place, B119, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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105
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Seidenberg AB, Pagoto SL, Vickey TA, Linos E, Wehner MR, Costa RD, Geller AC. Tanning bed burns reported on Twitter: over 15,000 in 2013. Transl Behav Med 2017; 6:271-6. [PMID: 27356997 DOI: 10.1007/s13142-016-0388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Few surveillance tools exist for monitoring tanning bed injuries. Twitter data were examined to identify and describe reports of tanning bed-caused burns. Tweets sent in 2013 containing keywords for tanning bed use and burning were content analyzed to determine whether a burn caused by a tanning bed was described, and additional data on tanning behavior and burn characteristics were extracted. After content assessment, 15,178 (64 %) tweets were found to describe a tanning bed-caused burn. Sites most reportedly burnt were buttocks (n = 3117), face/head (n = 1020), and chest/breast (n = 546). Alarmingly, 200 burns to the eyes/eyelids were mentioned. A total of 456 tweets described burning >1 time from a tanning bed. A total of 211 tweets mentioned falling asleep inside the tanning bed. In 2013, over 15,000 tweets reported tanning bed-caused burns. Twitter data provides unique insight into tanning behaviors and injuries not captured through traditional public health surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Seidenberg
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, CB 7440, USA.
| | - Sherry L Pagoto
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Eleni Linos
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mackenzie R Wehner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Renata Dalla Costa
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alan C Geller
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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106
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Mayer JE. Re: "Indoor tanning and melanoma risk: long-term evidence from a prospective population-based cohort study.". Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186:748. [PMID: 28938716 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E. Mayer
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
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107
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Schillinger D, Ling PM, Fine S, Boyer CB, Rogers E, Vargas RA, Bibbins-Domingo K, Chou WYS. Reducing Cancer and Cancer Disparities: Lessons From a Youth-Generated Diabetes Prevention Campaign. Am J Prev Med 2017; 53:S103-S113. [PMID: 28818240 PMCID: PMC8491805 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence and young adulthood, a period essential for determining exposures over the life-course, is an ideal time to intervene to lower cancer risk. This demographic group can be viewed as both the target audience and generator of messages for cancer prevention, such as skin cancer, obesity-, tobacco-, and human papillomavirus-related cancers. The purpose of this paper is to encourage innovative health communications that target youth; youth behavior; and the structural, environmental, and social determinants of youth behavior as critical areas of focus for cancer prevention and disparities reduction. The authors describe the rationale, processes, products, and early impacts of an award-winning youth diabetes prevention communication campaign model (The Bigger Picture) that harnesses spoken-word messages in school-based and social media presentations. The campaign supports minority adolescent and young adult artists to create content that aligns with values held closely by youth-values likely to resonate and affect change, such as defiance against authority, inclusion, and social justice. This campaign can be leveraged to prevent obesity, which is a cancer risk factor. Then, the authors propose concrete ways that The Bigger Picture's pedagogical model could be adapted for broader cancer prevention messaging for youth of color and youth stakeholders regarding tobacco-related cancers, skin cancers, and human papillomavirus-related cancers. The goal is to demonstrate how a youth-generated and youth-targeted prevention campaign can: (1) reframe conversations about cancer prevention, (2) increase awareness that cancer prevention is about social justice and health equity, and (3) catalyze action to change social norms and confront the social and environmental drivers of cancer disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Schillinger
- University of California San Francisco Center for Vulnerable Populations at San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | - Pamela M Ling
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; University of California San Francisco Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, San Francisco, California
| | - Sarah Fine
- University of California San Francisco Center for Vulnerable Populations at San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Cherrie B Boyer
- Department of Medicine and Division of Adolescent Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Elizabeth Rogers
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Roberto Ariel Vargas
- Community Engagement and Health Policy Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
- University of California San Francisco Center for Vulnerable Populations at San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California; Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Wen-Ying Sylvia Chou
- Health Communication and Informatics Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
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108
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McCloud RF, Kohler RE, Viswanath K. Cancer Risk-Promoting Information: The Communication Environment of Young Adults. Am J Prev Med 2017; 53:S63-S72. [PMID: 28818248 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Young adulthood represents a time of myriad transitions, which leave young adults (YAs) more susceptible to the influences of cancer risk-promoting information. The tobacco, alcohol, indoor tanning, and food and beverage industries engage in aggressive marketing strategies through both traditional and social media to target this age group to consume their products, which have known links to cancer. Despite this barrage of messaging, detailed data are lacking on the communication behaviors of subgroups of this diverse age group, particularly those from low SES. This paper explores the available data on media usage among YAs and describes the cancer risk-promoting information environment, with a focus on communication inequalities and their implications for cancer research and control. Nationally representative data on media consumption patterns indicate that the majority of YAs access a diverse range of traditional and social media platforms, but these data do not fully describe differences at the intersection of age and important factors such as SES, gender, race/ethnicity, or urban/rural residence. Meanwhile, risk-promoting information is heavily marketed to YAs across media, with an increasing focus on using social media sites to normalize products and evade marketing restrictions. Gaps in the available data on YAs' media consumption behaviors, coupled with aggressive risk-promoting marketing strategies toward YAs, may impede cancer control efforts. Relationships between exposure to various cancer risk-promoting information, concurrent risk behaviors, SES disparities, and communication inequalities should be investigated to develop innovative and effective control programs and policies to promote cancer control in this important group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel F McCloud
- Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Racquel E Kohler
- Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - K Viswanath
- Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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109
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Falzone AE, Brindis CD, Chren MM, Junn A, Pagoto S, Wehner M, Linos E. Teens, Tweets, and Tanning Beds: Rethinking the Use of Social Media for Skin Cancer Prevention. Am J Prev Med 2017; 53:S86-S94. [PMID: 28818251 PMCID: PMC5886032 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of skin cancer is rising in the U.S., and melanoma, the deadliest form, is increasing disproportionately among young white women. Indoor tanning is a modifiable risk factor for all skin cancers and continues to be used at the highest rates in young white women. Adolescents and young adults report personal appearance-based reasons for using indoor tanning. Previous research has explored the influences on tanning bed use, including individual factors as well as relationships with peers, family, schools, media influences, legislation, and societal beauty norms. Adolescents and young adults also have high rates of social media usage, and research is emerging on how best to utilize these platforms for prevention. Social media has the potential to be a cost-effective way to reach large numbers of young people and target messages at characteristics of specific audiences. Recent prevention efforts have shown that comprehensive prevention campaigns that include technology and social media are promising in reducing rates of indoor tanning among young adults. This review examines the literature on psychosocial influences on indoor tanning among adolescents and young adults, and highlights ways in which technology and social media can be used for prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Falzone
- School of Medicine, the Program for Clinical Research, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Claire D Brindis
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies and the Adolescent and Young Adult Health National Resource Center at the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Mary-Margaret Chren
- School of Medicine, the Program for Clinical Research, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Dermatology Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Alexandra Junn
- School of Medicine, the Program for Clinical Research, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sherry Pagoto
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester, Massachusetts
| | - Mackenzie Wehner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Eleni Linos
- School of Medicine, the Program for Clinical Research, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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110
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Parsons BG, Gren LH, Simonsen SE, Harding G, Grossman D, Wu YP. Opportunities for Skin Cancer Prevention Education among Individuals Attending a Community Skin Cancer Screening in a High-Risk Catchment Area. J Community Health 2017; 43:212-219. [PMID: 28752269 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-017-0406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the highly preventable nature of skin cancer, it remains the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in the United States. Recommendations for a complete skin cancer prevention regimen include engaging in photoprotection (e.g., sunscreen use), avoiding skin cancer risk behaviors (e.g., tanning), and receiving total body skin exams from a health care provider. The current study examined reported engagement in these behaviors among participants attending a community skin cancer screening (N = 319) in a high-risk catchment area to assess the need for increased health education on skin cancer prevention. Participants' responses indicate a history of suboptimal avoidance of skin cancer risk behaviors. Over half of participants (52%) reported four or more blistering sunburns before age 20, and 46% reported indoor tanning at least one during their lifetime. There is a need among this population for education regarding a complete skin cancer prevention regimen, which could improve adherence to photoprotection and avoidance of skin cancer risk behaviors, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality due to skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Grahmann Parsons
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Lisa H Gren
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sara E Simonsen
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Garrett Harding
- Community Outreach and Prevention Education, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Douglas Grossman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Oncological Services, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yelena P Wu
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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111
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Lai YC, Yew YW, Kennedy C, Schwartz RA. Vitiligo and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:708-718. [PMID: 27878819 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a common depigmenting disorder with profound psychosocial impacts. Previous observational studies have suggested a link between vitiligo and psychiatric morbidity, such as depression. However, variability in study design makes it difficult to quantify accurately the relationship between vitiligo and depression. We aimed to investigate the underlying prevalence and risk of depression among patients with vitiligo. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library was conducted. Cross-sectional, case-control or cohort studies that assessed the prevalence of depression among patients with vitiligo or the relationship between vitiligo and depression were included. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models were utilized to calculate the pooled prevalence and relative risks. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plots and Egger's tests. Twenty-five studies with 2708 cases of vitiligo were included. Based on diagnostic codes, the pooled prevalence of depression among patients with vitiligo was 0·253 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·16-0·34; P < 0·001)]. Using self-reported questionnaires, the pooled prevalence of depressive symptoms was 0·336 (95% CI 0·25-0·42; P < 0·001). The pooled odds ratio of depression among patients with vitiligo was 5·05 vs. controls (95% CI 2·21-11·51; P < 0·001). Moderate-to-high heterogeneity was observed between the studies. Patients with vitiligo were significantly more likely to suffer from depression. Clinical depression or depressive symptoms can be prevalent, with the actual prevalence differing depending on screening instruments or, possibly, geographical regions. Clinicians should actively evaluate patients with vitiligo for signs/symptoms of depression and provide appropriate referrals to manage their psychiatric symptoms accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Lai
- Department of Dermatology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, U.S.A
| | - Y W Yew
- National Skin Centre, Singapore
| | - C Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, U.S.A
| | - R A Schwartz
- Department of Dermatology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, U.S.A.,Rutgers University School of Public Affairs and Administration, Newark, NJ, U.S.A
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112
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Mays D, Evans WD. The Effects of Gain-, Loss-, and Balanced-Framed Messages for Preventing Indoor Tanning among Young Adult Women. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2017; 22:604-611. [PMID: 28598730 PMCID: PMC6085748 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2017.1332119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Indoor tanning (IT) increases the risks of skin cancer, but evidence on how to design health education messaging targeting IT among young adult women remains limited. This study investigated the effects of theory-guided gain-, loss-, and balanced-framed IT prevention messages. Young adult women ages 18-30 who indoor tan (n = 552, mean age = 24.9 years [standard deviation = 3.1]) were recruited online, completed pre-exposure measures, and were randomized to view a gain-, loss-, or balanced-framed message. Participants completed post-exposure measures of message response (emotional response, message receptivity), IT risk (perceived severity, susceptibility), and efficacy (self-efficacy, perceived benefits of avoiding IT) beliefs, and IT behavioral intentions. Loss- and balanced-framed messages promoted significantly greater emotional response and message receptivity and lower IT behavioral intentions than gain-framed messages. The effects of loss- and balanced-framed messages on IT behavioral intentions were mediated by greater emotional response and message receptivity compared with the gain-framed message. These results can inform the development of public health education campaigns to prevent and reduce IT among young adult women. Future research can build from these findings by investigating additional message themes and tailoring strategies to maximize their effects, examining the effects of framed messages prospectively, and investigating ways to enhance message receptivity, such as through novel message delivery channels (e.g., mobile devices).
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Mays
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3300 Whitehaven Street NW, Suite 4100, Washington, DC 20007, USA
- Correspondence to: D. Mays.
| | - W. Douglas Evans
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Avenue, NW, 2 floor, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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113
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Stapleton JL, Hillhouse J, Levonyan-Radloff K, Manne SL. Review of interventions to reduce ultraviolet tanning: Need for treatments targeting excessive tanning, an emerging addictive behavior. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2017. [PMID: 28639816 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Millions of Americans engage in tanning each year, defined as intentional ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure in the form of sunbathing or the use of indoor tanning beds. An emerging body of research suggests that UVR has addictive properties and some tanners engage in excessive tanning. This article provides an overview of the evidence of tanning addiction and a systematic review of existing tanning interventions with the goal of evaluating their potential to impact addicted tanners. Our search identified 24 intervention studies that were summarized and discussed according to 3 primary themes. First, there is a dearth of tanning interventions that target excessive tanning or are designed as treatments for tanning addiction. Second, tanning interventions are primarily educational interventions designed to increase knowledge of the risks of tanning. Third, there are notable aspects of existing tanning interventions that are relevant to addiction science, including the use of brief motivational and cognitive-behavioral-based interventions. Future directions are considered including recommendations for utilizing the existing evidence base to formulate interventions targeting excessive tanners. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerod L Stapleton
- Division of Population Sciences, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey
| | - Joel Hillhouse
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, East Tennessee State University College of Public Health
| | | | - Sharon L Manne
- Division of Population Sciences, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey
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114
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Vienneau D, de Hoogh K, Hauri D, Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Schindler C, Huss A, Röösli M. Effects of Radon and UV Exposure on Skin Cancer Mortality in Switzerland. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:067009. [PMID: 28686556 PMCID: PMC5744747 DOI: 10.1289/ehp825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin cancer incidence in Switzerland is among the highest in the world. In addition to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, radon alpha particles attached to aerosols can adhere to the skin and potentially cause carcinogenic effects. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of radon and UV exposure on skin cancer mortality. METHODS Cox proportional hazard regression was used to study the association between exposures and skin cancer mortality in adults from the Swiss National Cohort. Modeled radon exposure and erythemal-weighted UV dose were assigned to addresses at baseline. Effect estimates were adjusted for sex, civil status, mother tongue, education, job position, neighborhood socioeconomic position, and UV exposure from outdoor occupation. RESULTS The study included 5.2 million adults (mean age 48 y) and 2,989 skin cancer deaths, with 1,900 indicating malignant melanoma (MM) as the primary cause of death. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for MM at age 60 were 1.16 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.29) per 100 Bq/m3 radon and 1.11 (1.01, 1.23) per W/m2 in UV dose. Radon effects decreased with age. Risk of MM death associated with residential UV exposure was higher for individuals engaged in outdoor work with UV exposure (HR 1.94 [1.17, 3.23]), though not statistically significantly different compared to not working outdoors (HR 1.09 [0.99, 1.21], p=0.09). CONCLUSIONS There is considerable variation in radon and UV exposure across Switzerland. Our study suggests both are relevant risk factors for skin cancer mortality. A better understanding of the role of the UV radiation and radon exposure is of high public health relevance. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP825.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Vienneau
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute , Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute , Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Hauri
- Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- ImmoCompass AG, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana M Vicedo-Cabrera
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute , Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schindler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute , Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Röösli
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute , Basel, Switzerland ; University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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115
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116
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Morris JB, Alfonso SV, Hernandez N, Fernández MI. Use of and intentions to use dermoscopy among physicians in the United States. Dermatol Pract Concept 2017; 7:7-16. [PMID: 28515986 PMCID: PMC5424655 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0702a02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dermatologists routinely use dermoscopy to improve diagnostic accuracy of skin cancers. Much less is known about its use among other physicians who routinely examine the skin, such as family physicians, internists and plastic surgeons. Objectives To document the use of dermoscopy in a sample of US physicians and to examine physician and practice characteristics associated with ever having used a dermascope and having some intentions to incorporate dermoscopy into clinical practice during the next 12 months. Methods From September 2015 to February 2016, we recruited 1,466 practicing physicians in person and online to complete an anonymous survey that assessed: demographic factors; physicians and practice characteristics; confidence differentiating skin lesions; knowledge and use of dermoscopy; and intentions and barriers to use dermoscopy. We conducted bivariate analysis to examine the relationship between key factors and the outcomes and entered the significant predictors into two separate logistic regressions. Results Fifteen percent of participants had ever used a dermascope and 6% were currently using it. Factors significantly associated with ever having used a dermascope (Model 1) and having intentions to use (Model 2) at the multivariate level were: recent graduation from medical school (strongest predictor in both models), identifying as a family physician, seeing a higher number of patients with skin cancer and having a higher level of confidence differentiating skin lesions. Both models were highly significant. Conclusion Use of dermoscopy was low. Promotional efforts to increase dermoscopy use in the US are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey B Morris
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Sara V Alfonso
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Nilda Hernandez
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - M Isabel Fernández
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
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117
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An Initial Investigation of the Effects of Tanning-Related Cues on Demand and Craving for Indoor Tanning. PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40732-017-0246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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118
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Huang CM, Kirchhof MG. A Cross-Sectional Study of Indoor Tanning in Fitness Centres. J Cutan Med Surg 2017; 21:401-407. [DOI: 10.1177/1203475417706059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a human carcinogen and is associated with the development of skin cancer. The promotion of indoor tanning (IT) at fitness centres is of particular concern as it reinforces the idea that a tan is associated with health and fitness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of IT in fitness centres, with an emphasis on determining the financial costs, adherence to regulations, and safety precautions. Methods: Ten cities, representing 9 different Canadian provinces, were chosen for the study. From each province, a minimum of 20 and a maximum of 30 fitness centres were randomly selected from the Yellow Pages website. Each fitness centre was contacted by the principal investigator and inquiries were made from a consumer’s perspective. Results: Of the 203 gyms surveyed, 43% (88/203) offered tanning facilities. Of these, 10.23% (9/88) were found to be noncompliant with the provincial IT regulations for age and/or time between tanning sessions. Interpretation: Despite the known risks of IT, not all fitness centres are compliant with provincial legislations regarding IT, and some continue to promote tanning access to minors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark G. Kirchhof
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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119
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Stapleton JL, Crabtree BF. "These people, you just guide them until they become these people": learning to become a frequent indoor tanner. BMC Psychol 2017; 5:11. [PMID: 28376928 PMCID: PMC5379755 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-017-0181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many young women experiment with using indoor tanning beds with some becoming regular users. There is a dearth of research focused on factors related to the development of regular tanning. This study was designed to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of a regular indoor tanning bed user for the purpose of discovering working hypotheses related to the development of this behavior. The article thesis is that initial interactions with tanning salon employees transmit insider knowledge that serves to encourage the regular use of indoor tanning beyond experimentation. Methods We used Spradley’s ethnographic interviewing technique to conduct six iterative interviews with a key informant who was an active indoor tanning bed user and former salon employee. The research was completed in the United States in 2015. Results The informant described her experiences as a salon employee including her interactions with salon patrons. The informant was trained as a salon employee to talk about tanning as a complex process that requires multiple salon visits to achieve desired results and to develop rapport with salon patrons to be viewed as an important source of guidance and advice. In the informant’s experience, indoor tanning users who viewed tanning as a complex process and felt connected to salon employees were more receptive to purchasing larger amounts of bulk tanning sessions and committing to purchasing salon memberships. Conclusions Findings provide insights into our understanding of the development of regular tanning behavior and we propose working hypotheses about this behavior to be examined in future research. There are also implications for policy makers to reduce excessive tanning behaviors including considering point-of-sale regulations that limit sales techniques of salon employees and pricing restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerod L Stapleton
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, Room 5570, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.
| | - Benjamin F Crabtree
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, RWJ-Family Medicine-Research, Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research (IFH), 112 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
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120
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Apalla Z, Lallas A, Sotiriou E, Lazaridou E, Ioannides D. Epidemiological trends in skin cancer. Dermatol Pract Concept 2017; 7:1-6. [PMID: 28515985 PMCID: PMC5424654 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0702a01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer, including melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), represents the most common type of malignancy in the white population. The incidence rate of melanoma is increasing worldwide, while the associated mortality remains stable, or is slightly decreasing. On the other hand, the incidence for NMSC varies widely, with the highest rates reported in Australia. In the current review, we highlight recent global trends in epidemiology of skin cancer. We discuss controversial issues raised in current epidemiological data, we analyze the most important risk factors associated with the development of melanoma and NMSC and the impact of skin cancer on health care services. Furthermore, we underline the pressing need for improved registration policies, especially for NMSC, and lastly, we refer to the ongoing primary and secondary prevention strategies and their outcomes so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Apalla
- First Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aimilios Lallas
- First Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elena Sotiriou
- First Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Lazaridou
- First Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Demetrios Ioannides
- First Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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121
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Ghiasvand R, Rueegg CS, Weiderpass E, Green AC, Lund E, Veierød MB. Indoor Tanning and Melanoma Risk: Long-Term Evidence From a Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 185:147-156. [PMID: 28077359 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoor tanning is associated with increased risk of melanoma, but most evidence comes from case-control studies. Using data from the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study, a large prospective cohort study, we investigated the associations of age at initiation of indoor tanning, duration of tanning-device use, and dose response with melanoma risk and examined the role of indoor tanning in age at melanoma diagnosis. We used Poisson regression to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for the relationship of indoor tanning to melanoma risk and linear regression to examine age of indoor tanning initiation in relation to age at diagnosis. During follow-up of 141,045 women (1991-2012; mean duration follow-up = 13.7 years), 861 women were diagnosed with melanoma. Melanoma risk increased with increasing cumulative number of tanning sessions (for highest tertile of use vs. never use, adjusted relative risk = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.63); P-trend = 0.006. Age at initiation <30 years was associated with a higher risk in comparison with never use (adjusted relative risk = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.59). Moreover, women who started indoor tanning prior to 30 years of age were 2.2 years (95% CI: 0.9, 3.4) younger at diagnosis, on average, than never users. This cohort study provides strong evidence of a dose-response association between indoor tanning and risk of melanoma and supports the hypothesis that vulnerability to the harmful effects of indoor tanning is greater at a younger age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ghiasvand
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern,Oslo, Norway
| | - Corina S Rueegg
- Department of Biostatistics, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adele C Green
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Cancer and Population studies, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; CRUK Manchester Institute and University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eiliv Lund
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marit B Veierød
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
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122
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Li WQ, E McGeary J, Cho E, Flint A, Wu S, Ascherio A, Rimm E, Field A, A Qureshi A. Indoor tanning bed use and risk of food addiction based on the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale. J Biomed Res 2017; 31:31-39. [PMID: 28808183 PMCID: PMC5274510 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.31.20160098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The popularity of indoor tanning may be partly attributed to the addictive characteristics of tanning for some individuals. We aimed to determine the association between frequent indoor tanning, which we view as a surrogate for tanning addiction, and food addiction. A total of 67,910 women were included from the Nurses’ Health Study II. In 2005, we collected information on indoor tanning during high school/college and age 25-35 years, and calculated the average use of indoor tanning during these periods. Food addiction was defined as ≥3 clinically significant symptoms plus clinically significant impairment or distress, assessed in 2009 using a modified version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Totally 23.3% (15,822) of the participants reported indoor tanning at high school/college or age 25-35 years. A total of 5,557 (8.2%) women met the criteria for food addiction. We observed a dose–response relationship between frequency of indoor tanning and the likelihood of food addiction (Ptrend < 0.0001), independent of depression, BMI, and other confounders. Compared with never indoor tanners, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of food addiction was 1.07 (0.99-1.17) for average indoor tanning 1-2 times/year, 1.25 (1.09-1.43) for 3-5 times/year, 1.34 (1.14-1.56) for 6-11 times/year, 1.61 (1.35-1.91) for 12-23 times/year, and 2.98 (1.95-4.57) for 24 or more times/year. Frequent indoor tanning before or at early adulthood is associated with prevalence of food addiction at middle age. Our data support the addictive property of frequent indoor tanning, which may guide intervention strategies to curb indoor tanning and prevent skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qing Li
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States
| | - John E McGeary
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States
| | - Eunyoung Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women
| | - Alan Flint
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Alberto Ascherio
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Eric Rimm
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Alison Field
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States;Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States;Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States;Division of Adolescent Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Abrar A Qureshi
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States;Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, United States
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123
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Andrulonis R, Secrest AM, Patton TJ, Grandinetti LM, Ferris LK. A cross-sectional study of indoor tanning use among patients seeking skin cancer screening. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 76:164-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Duarte A, Maia Silva J, Costa Pereira A, Nagore E, Picoto A, Correia O. Sunbed use among Portuguese beach goers: a crave group while waiting sunbeds to be abolished. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 31:e294-e295. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.F. Duarte
- Centro Dermatologia Epidermis; Instituto CUF; Porto Portugal
- Portuguese Skin Cancer Association; Lisboa Portugal
| | | | - A. Costa Pereira
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS) and Department of Health Information and Decision Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - E. Nagore
- Department of Dermatology; Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia; Valencia Spain
| | - A. Picoto
- Portuguese Skin Cancer Association; Lisboa Portugal
| | - O. Correia
- Centro Dermatologia Epidermis; Instituto CUF; Porto Portugal
- Portuguese Skin Cancer Association; Lisboa Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
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125
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Evans WD, Mays D. Design and Feasibility of a Text Messaging Intervention to Prevent Indoor Tanning Among Young Adult Women: A Pilot Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2016; 4:e137. [PMID: 28007691 PMCID: PMC5216257 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.6493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although skin cancer is largely preventable, it affects nearly 1 of 5 US adults. There is a need for research on how to optimally design persuasive public health indoor tanning prevention messages. Objective The objective of our study was to examine whether framed messages on indoor tanning behavioral intentions delivered through short message service (SMS) text messaging would produce (1) positive responses to the messages, including message receptivity and emotional response; (2) indoor tanning efficacy beliefs, including response efficacy and self-efficacy; and (3) indoor tanning risk beliefs. Methods We conducted a pilot study of indoor tanning prevention messages delivered via mobile phone text messaging in a sample of 21 young adult women who indoor tan. Participants completed baseline measures, were randomly assigned to receive gain-, loss-, or balanced-framed text messages, and completed postexposure outcome measures on indoor tanning cognitions and behaviors. Participants received daily mobile phone indoor tanning prevention text messages for 1 week and completed the same postexposure measures as at baseline. Results Over the 1-week period there were trends or significant changes after receipt of the text messages, including increased perceived susceptibility (P<.001), response efficacy beliefs (P<.001), and message receptivity (P=.03). Ordinary least squares stepwise linear regression models showed an effect of text message exposure on self-efficacy to quit indoor tanning (t6=–2.475, P<.02). Ordinary least squares linear regression including all measured scales showed a marginal effect of SMS texts on self-efficacy (t20=1.905, P=.08). Participants endorsed highly favorable views toward the text messaging protocol. Conclusions This study supports this use of mobile text messaging as an indoor tanning prevention strategy. Given the nature of skin cancer risk perceptions, the addition of multimedia messaging service is another area of potential innovation for disseminating indoor tanning prevention messages.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Evans
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Darren Mays
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
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126
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Li WQ, Cho E, Han J, Wu S, Qureshi AA. Pigmentary traits and use of indoor tanning beds in a cohort of women. Br J Dermatol 2016; 176:526-530. [PMID: 27377530 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W-Q Li
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A
| | - E Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, U.S.A
| | - J Han
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, U.S.A.,Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A.,Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A
| | - S Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A
| | - A A Qureshi
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, U.S.A.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, U.S.A
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Guy GP, Zhang Y, Ekwueme DU, Rim SH, Watson M. The potential impact of reducing indoor tanning on melanoma prevention and treatment costs in the United States: An economic analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 76:226-233. [PMID: 27939556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor tanning is associated with an increased risk of melanoma. The US Food and Drug Administration proposed prohibiting indoor tanning among minors younger than 18 years. OBJECTIVE We sought to estimate the health and economic benefits of reducing indoor tanning in the United States. METHODS We used a Markov model to estimate the expected number of melanoma cases and deaths averted, life-years saved, and melanoma treatment costs saved by reducing indoor tanning. We examined 5 scenarios: restricting indoor tanning among minors younger than 18 years, and reducing the prevalence by 20%, 50%, 80%, and 100%. RESULTS Restricting indoor tanning among minors younger than 18 years was estimated to prevent 61,839 melanoma cases, prevent 6735 melanoma deaths, and save $342.9 million in treatment costs over the lifetime of the 61.2 million youth age 14 years or younger in the United States. The estimated health and economic benefits increased as indoor tanning was further reduced. LIMITATIONS Limitations include the reliance on available data and not examining compliance to indoor tanning laws. CONCLUSIONS Reducing indoor tanning has the potential to reduce melanoma incidence, mortality, and treatment costs. These findings help quantify and underscore the importance of continued efforts to reduce indoor tanning and prevent melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gery P Guy
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Yuanhui Zhang
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Donatus U Ekwueme
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sun Hee Rim
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Meg Watson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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128
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Theory-Driven Longitudinal Study Exploring Indoor Tanning Initiation in Teens Using a Person-Centered Approach. Ann Behav Med 2016; 50:48-57. [PMID: 26370893 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-015-9731-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Younger indoor tanning initiation leads to greater melanoma risk due to more frequent and persistent behavior. Despite this, there are no published studies exploring the predictors of indoor tanning initiation in teen populations. PURPOSE This longitudinal study uses latent profile analysis to examine indoor tanning initiation in indoor tanning risk subgroups from a national sample of female adolescents. METHODS Latent profile analysis used indoor tanning beliefs and perceptions to identify indoor tanning initiation risk subgroups. The teens in each subgroup were reassessed on indoor tanning initiation after a year. RESULTS Three subgroups were identified: a low risk, anti-tanning subgroup (18.6 %) characterized by low scores on positive indoor tanning belief scales and high scores on beliefs about indoor tanning dangers; a moderate risk aware social tanner subgroup (47.2 %) characterized by high scores on positive indoor tanning belief scales but also high scores on beliefs about indoor tanning dangers; and a high risk risky relaxation tanner subgroup (34.2 %) characterized by high scores on positive indoor tanning belief scales and low scores on beliefs about indoor tanning dangers. Teens in the aware social tanner and risky relaxation tanner subgroups were significantly more likely to initiate indoor tanning in the following year. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the need to identify teens at risk for indoor tanning initiation and develop tailored interventions that will move them to the lowest risk subgroup. Subgroup correlates suggest parent and peer-based interventions may be successful.
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129
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Nadalin V, Marrett L, Atkinson J, Tenkate T, Rosen CF. Tanning among Ontario adolescents pre-legislation: Prevalence and beliefs. Prev Med 2016; 91:244-249. [PMID: 27576785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To establish adolescent tanning beliefs and behaviors, prevalence and location of UV tanning device (beds/lamps) use, awareness of risk and restriction signage, and frequency of tanning service refusal, noting differences by grade and sex, prior to a ban on UV tanning device use among those under 18 in Ontario, Canada. Data were collected May 5 to 20 of 2014. Children in grades 7 to 12, and under age 18 completed an on-line questionnaire that asked their age, sex, grade, methods used to tan, frequency, length and location of UV tanning device use, if services were refused and why, awareness and content of signs/warning labels, tanning beliefs and knowledge, and use of eye protection. Of 1561 participants (10% response rate), 49% were male, 51% female. There were significant differences between the sexes regarding tanning behaviors (e.g. not tanning, tanning outside). Seven percent (108) had 'ever' used UV tanning devices, females more than males (p=0.0026). Over half (57%) of the 104 using UV tanning devices in the past 12months noticed warning signs/labels, of which most noticed that UV tanning devices can cause cancer (65%), and that UV exposure can contribute to premature aging (67%). While most (66%) tanned at tanning salons/studios and beauty salons/studios, gyms/fitness clubs (35%) and home use were common (25%). A relatively low proportion of adolescents used UV tanning devices prior to the ban, with use more common among females and those in higher grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nadalin
- Prevention & Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada.
| | - L Marrett
- Prevention & Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Atkinson
- Cancer Prevention and Tobacco Control, Canadian Cancer Society, Ontario Division, Toronto, Canada
| | - T Tenkate
- School of Occupational and Public Health Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
| | - C F Rosen
- Division of Dermatology, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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130
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Linos
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Kenneth A Katz
- Department of Dermatology, Kaiser Permanente, San Francisco, California
| | - Graham A Colditz
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri4Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
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131
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Felton S, Adinoff B, Jeon-Slaughter H, Jacobe H. The significant health threat from tanning bed use as a self-treatment for psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 74:1015-7. [PMID: 27085235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Felton
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Bryon Adinoff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Mental Health Service, VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Heidi Jacobe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
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132
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133
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Andersen DB, Midtgaard SF. Stay Out of the Sunbed! Paternalistic Reasons for Restricting the Use of Sunbeds. Public Health Ethics 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/phe/phw038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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134
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Hagan CD, Hardwick BA, Opel T, Sweet CL, Terry PD, Chen J. Indoor tanning: bringing the sun inside? Public Health 2016; 140:261-264. [PMID: 27506640 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C D Hagan
- Department of Public Health, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - B A Hardwick
- Department of Public Health, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - T Opel
- College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - C L Sweet
- Department of Public Health, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - P D Terry
- Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37920, USA
| | - J Chen
- Department of Public Health, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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135
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Watts CG, Madronio CM, Morton RL, Goumas C, Armstrong BK, Curtin A, Menzies SW, Mann GJ, Thompson JF, Cust AE. Diagnosis and clinical management of melanoma patients at higher risk of a new primary melanoma: A population-based study in New South Wales, Australia. Australas J Dermatol 2016; 58:278-285. [DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline G Watts
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research; Sydney School of Public Health; University of Sydney; Camperdown New South Wales Australia
| | - Christine M Madronio
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research; Sydney School of Public Health; University of Sydney; Camperdown New South Wales Australia
| | - Rachael L Morton
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre; University of Sydney; Camperdown New South Wales Australia
| | - Chris Goumas
- Melanoma Institute Australia; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Bruce K Armstrong
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research; Sydney School of Public Health; University of Sydney; Camperdown New South Wales Australia
| | - Austin Curtin
- School of Public Health; Rural Health Northern Rivers; Lismore New South Wales Australia
| | - Scott W Menzies
- Sydney Melanoma Diagnostic Centre; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Discipline of Dermatology; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Graham J Mann
- Melanoma Institute Australia; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Centre for Cancer Research; Westmead Institute for Medical Research; University of Sydney; Westmead New South Wales Australia
| | - John F Thompson
- Melanoma Institute Australia; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Anne E Cust
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research; Sydney School of Public Health; University of Sydney; Camperdown New South Wales Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
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136
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Le Clair MZ, Cockburn MG. Tanning bed use and melanoma: Establishing risk and improving prevention interventions. Prev Med Rep 2016; 3:139-44. [PMID: 27419006 PMCID: PMC4929140 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from indoor tanning devices is thought to cause melanoma and other negative health consequences. Despite these findings, the practice of indoor tanning in the United States remains prevalent. In this paper we aim to present a clear discussion of the relationship between indoor tanning and melanoma risk, and to identify potential strategies for effective melanoma prevention by addressing indoor tanning device use. BASIC PROCEDURES We reviewed relevant literature on the risks of indoor tanning, current indoor tanning legislation, and trends in indoor tanning and melanoma incidence. Study was conducted at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA between the years of 2014 and 2015. MAIN FINDINGS Our findings reaffirm the relationship between indoor tanning and melanoma risk, and suggest a widespread public misunderstanding of the negative effects of indoor tanning. PRINCIPAL CONCLUSIONS This review argues for an aggressive initiative to reduce indoor tanning in the United States, to design prevention efforts tailored towards specific high risk groups, and the need to better inform the public of the risks of indoor tanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Z. Le Clair
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Myles G. Cockburn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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137
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McWhirter JE, Hoffman-Goetz L. Coverage of Skin Cancer Risk Factors and UV Behaviors in Popular U.S. Magazines from 2000 to 2012. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2016; 31:382-388. [PMID: 25761763 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-015-0808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mass media is an influential source of skin cancer and tanning information for the public, but we know little about its content or emphasis. The objective of this research was to describe the volume and nature of skin cancer and tanning messages in 20 popular U.S. men's and women's magazines (2000-2012). We used a directed content analysis to determine frequency information about risk factors and ultraviolet (UV) behaviors in 608 articles and 930 images. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests determined coverage differences based on content type (text vs. image) and target audience (women vs. men). UV exposure was the most common risk factor mentioned (37.7 %) and sunscreen use the most common behavior encouraged (60.0 %); information about other risk factors and protective behaviors was uncommon. Both articles (25.2 %) and images (36.9 %) promoted the tanned look as attractive. In most cases, images infrequently contained helpful information on skin cancer risk factors and prevention, except for high-SPF sunscreens. Women's magazines published more articles on skin cancer and tanning than men's magazines (456 vs. 159, χ(2) = 143.43, P < .01), and the nature of the messages differed between them. Magazine skin cancer and tanning content may contribute to inaccurate public understanding of risks and prevention. These findings are relevant to cancer educators, who may wish to counter potentially harmful messages and enhance positive ones through cancer education efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E McWhirter
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Laurie Hoffman-Goetz
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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138
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Aubert PM, Seibyl JP, Price JL, Harris TS, Filbey FM, Jacobe H, Devous MD, Adinoff B. Dopamine efflux in response to ultraviolet radiation in addicted sunbed users. Psychiatry Res 2016; 251:7-14. [PMID: 27085608 PMCID: PMC5241090 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Compulsive tanning despite awareness of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) carcinogenicity may represent an "addictive" behavior. Many addictive disorders are associated with alterations in dopamine (D2/D3) receptor binding and dopamine reactivity in the brain's reward pathway. To determine if compulsive tanners exhibited neurobiologic responses similar to other addictive disorders, this study assessed basal striatal D2/D3 binding and UVR-induced striatal dopamine efflux in ten addicted and ten infrequent tanners. In a double-blind crossover trial, UVR or sham UVR was administered in separate sessions during brain imaging with single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT). Basal D2/D3 receptor density and UVR-induced dopamine efflux in the caudate were assessed using (123)I-iodobenzamide ((123)I-IBZM) binding potential non-displaceable (BPnd). Basal BPnd did not significantly differ between addicted and infrequent tanners. Whereas neither UVR nor sham UVR induced significant changes in bilateral caudate BPnd in either group, post-hoc analyses revealed left caudate BPnd significantly decreased (reflecting increased dopamine efflux) in the addicted tanners - but not the infrequent tanners - during the UVR session only. Bilateral ∆BPnd correlated with tanning severity only in the addicted tanners. These preliminary findings are consistent with a stronger neural rewarding response to UVR in addicted tanners, supporting a cutaneous-neural connection driving excessive sunbed use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela M Aubert
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John P Seibyl
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Molecular Neuroimaging, LLC, and Yale University, New Haven, MA, USA
| | - Julianne L Price
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas S Harris
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Heidi Jacobe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael D Devous
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA; Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Inc, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bryon Adinoff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA; VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, USA.
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139
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Kelley DE, Noar SM, Myrick JG, Morales-Pico B, Zeitany A, Thomas NE. An Empirical Analysis of Indoor Tanners: Implications for Audience Segmentation in Campaigns. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2016; 21:564-574. [PMID: 27115046 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2015.1114051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tanning bed use before age 35 has been strongly associated with several types of skin cancer. The current study sought to advance an understanding of audience segmentation for indoor tanning among young women. Panhellenic sorority systems at two universities in the Southeastern United States participated in this study. A total of 1,481 young women took the survey; 421 (28%) had tanned indoors in the previous 12 months and were the focus of the analyses reported in this article. Results suggested two distinct tanner types: regular (n = 60) and irregular (n = 353) tanners. Regular tanners tanned more frequently (M = 36.2 vs. 8.6 times per year) and reported significantly higher positive outcome expectations (p < .001) and lower negative outcome expectations (p < .01) than irregular tanners, among other significant differences. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis revealed several significant (p < .001) predictors of regular tanning type, with tanning dependence emerging as the strongest predictor of this classification (OR = 2.25). Implications for developing anti-tanning messages directed at regular and irregular tanners are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dannielle E Kelley
- a School of Media and Journalism , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | - Seth M Noar
- a School of Media and Journalism , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
- b Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | | | - Brenda Morales-Pico
- d School of Medicine , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | - Alexandra Zeitany
- d School of Medicine , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | - Nancy E Thomas
- b Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
- d School of Medicine , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
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140
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ZHANG JENNIFER, WANG YAN, JIN JANEY, DEGAN SIMONE, HALL RUSSELLP, BOEHM RYAND, JAIPAN PANUPONG, NARAYAN ROGERJ. Use of Drawing Lithography-Fabricated Polyglycolic Acid Microneedles for Transdermal Delivery of Itraconazole to a Human Basal Cell Carcinoma Model Regenerated on Mice. JOM (WARRENDALE, PA. : 1989) 2016; 68:1128-1133. [PMID: 33597793 PMCID: PMC7886388 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-016-1841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Itraconazole is a triazole agent that is routinely used for treatment of nail infections and other fungal infections. Recent studies indicate that itraconazole can also inhibit the growth of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) through suppression of the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway. In this study, polyglycolic acid microneedle arrays and stainless steel microneedle arrays were used for transdermal delivery of itraconazole to a human BCC model which was regenerated on mice. One-by-four arrays of 642-μm-long polyglycolic acid microneedles with sharp tips were prepared using injection molding and drawing lithography. Arrays of 85 stainless steel 800-μm-tall microneedles attached to syringes were obtained for comparison purposes. Skin grafts containing devitalized split-thickness human dermis that had been seeded with human keratinocytes transduced to express human SHH protein were sutured to the skin of immunodeficient mice. Mice with this human BCC model were treated daily for 2 weeks with itraconazole dissolved in 60% dimethylsulfoxane and 40% polyethylene glycol-400 solution; transdermal administration of the itraconazole solution was facilitated by either four 1 × 4 polyglycolic acid microneedle arrays or stainless steel microneedle arrays. The epidermal tissues treated with polyglycolic acid microneedles or stainless steel microneedles were markedly thinner than that of the control (untreated) graft tissue. These preliminary results indicate that microneedles may be used to facilitate transdermal delivery of itraconazole for localized treatment of BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- JENNIFER ZHANG
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3135, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - YAN WANG
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3135, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - JANE Y. JIN
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3135, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - SIMONE DEGAN
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3135, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Box 90354, Durham, NC 27708-0354, USA
| | - RUSSELL P. HALL
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3135, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - RYAN D. BOEHM
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Box 7115, Raleigh, NC 27695-7115, USA
| | - PANUPONG JAIPAN
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Box 7115, Raleigh, NC 27695-7115, USA
| | - ROGER J. NARAYAN
- UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Box 7115, Raleigh, NC 27695-7115, USA
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141
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Seidenberg AB, Noar SM, Sontag JM. Support for Tanning Bed Control Policies Among Female University Students. Am J Prev Med 2016; 50:e121-e122. [PMID: 26810357 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Seidenberg
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
| | - Seth M Noar
- School of Media and Journalism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jennah M Sontag
- School of Media and Journalism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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142
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Wang SS, Luo J, Cozen W, Lu Y, Halley-Sullivan J, Voutsinas J, Zhong C, Song J, Lacey JV, Weisenburger D, Bernstein L. Sun sensitivity, indoor tanning and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk among Caucasian women in Los Angeles County. Br J Haematol 2016; 177:153-156. [PMID: 27030403 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia S Wang
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope and the Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jianning Luo
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope and the Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yani Lu
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope and the Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jane Halley-Sullivan
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope and the Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jenna Voutsinas
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope and the Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Charlie Zhong
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope and the Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Joo Song
- Division of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - James V Lacey
- Division of Pathology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Leslie Bernstein
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope and the Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
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143
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Slimano F, Roessle C, Blanc C, De Maleissye MF, Bauler S. [Updates on prevention and treatment of melanoma: Pharmacist involvements and challenges]. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2016; 74:335-49. [PMID: 26968263 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a skin cancer that represents an actual public health problem. Its incidence is increasing every year. Environmental risk factors have been clearly identified. Early diagnosis of a suspicious skin lesion should be possible by any health professionals because the prognosis is correlated with the evolution of the disease and the presence of metastases. The advent of new therapies in metastatic forms with the development of immunotherapies and kinases inhibitors has significantly changed the management of this disease. New therapies are available in retail pharmacies and involve health professionals out of the hospital. This article is intended for community and hospital pharmacists and summarizes recommendations for primary and secondary prevention. It updates on new targeted therapies. It wants to give advices to the community pharmacists about the effective use of those treatments for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Slimano
- Département de pharmacie clinique, Gustave-Roussy cancer campus, 114, rue Édouard-Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France; Laboratoire de pharmacologie et pharmacocinétique, UFR de pharmacie, université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, 51, rue Cognacq-Jay, 51100 Reims, France; Unité MEDyC, UMR CNRS/URCA, université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, 51, rue Cognacq-Jay, 51100 Reims, France.
| | - C Roessle
- Département de pharmacie clinique, Gustave-Roussy cancer campus, 114, rue Édouard-Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - C Blanc
- Service de pharmacie, hôpital Ambroise-Paré, 9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92104 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - M-F De Maleissye
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Ambroise-Paré, 9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92104 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - S Bauler
- Service de pharmacie, hôpital Ambroise-Paré, 9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92104 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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144
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Nilsen LTN, Hannevik M, Veierød MB. Ultraviolet exposure from indoor tanning devices: a systematic review. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:730-40. [PMID: 26749382 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Use of indoor tanning devices increases the risk of cutaneous melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer. Indoor tanning devices have become important sources of ultraviolet (UV) exposure, both UVB and UVA. This systematic review assessed UV measurements performed in indoor tanning devices related to irradiance level, wavelength distribution and similarities to natural sun. The study was performed in accordance with the MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines. We searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from inception to May 2015, and also examined the reference lists of the retrieved studies. Eighteen studies were included. Twelve studies examined the erythema-weighted UV irradiances of indoor tanning devices, 11 studies examined UVB and 13 studies studied UVA. Compliance with irradiance limits was reported in nine studies. Erythema-weighted irradiances were highest in the most recent studies. Most studies had mean values higher than from natural sun and with large variations between devices. All studies except two had mean unweighted UVB irradiances lower than from natural summer sun (at latitudes from 37°S to 35°N), while mean unweighted UVA irradiances were, with one exception, substantially higher than from natural sun. The high values of UVA exposure from modern tanning devices are alarming in light of the increased focus on UVA irradiance as a carcinogen, and as UVA exposure confers little protection against subsequent UV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T N Nilsen
- Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, NO-1332, Østerås, Norway
| | - M Hannevik
- Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, NO-1332, Østerås, Norway
| | - M B Veierød
- Oslo Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317, Oslo, Norway
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145
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McWhirter JE, Hoffman-Goetz L. Application of the Health Belief Model to U.S. Magazine Text and Image Coverage of Skin Cancer and Recreational Tanning (2000-2012). JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2016; 21:424-438. [PMID: 26940663 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2015.1095819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The health belief model (HBM) has been widely used to inform health education, social marketing, and health communication campaigns. Although the HBM can explain and predict an individual's willingness to engage in positive health behaviors, its application to, and penetration of the underlying constructs into, mass media content has not been well characterized. We examined 574 articles and 905 images about skin cancer and tanning risks, behaviors, and screening from 20 U.S. women's and men's magazines (2000-2012) for the presence of HBM constructs: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action. Susceptibility (48.1%) and severity (60.3%) information was common in text. Perceived benefits (36.4%) and barriers (41.5%) to prevention of skin cancer were fairly equally mentioned in articles. Self-efficacy (48.4%) focused on sunscreen use. There was little emphasis on HBM constructs related to early detection. Few explicit cues to action about skin cancer appeared in text (12.0%) or images (0.1%). HBM constructs were present to a significantly greater extent in text versus images (e.g., severity, 60.3% vs. 11.3%, respectively, χ(2) = 399.51, p < .0001; benefits prevention, 36.4% vs. 8.0%, respectively, χ(2) = 184.80, p < .0001), suggesting that readers are not visually messaged in ways that would effectively promote skin cancer prevention and early detection behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E McWhirter
- a School of Public Health and Health Systems , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada
| | - Laurie Hoffman-Goetz
- a School of Public Health and Health Systems , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada
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146
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Stanganelli I, Naldi L, Falcini F, Magi S, Mazzoni L, Medri M, Bertoncini R, Calderoni O, Agnoletti V, Nadiani L, Palmieri G, Di Nuzzo S, Pagliarello C, Gandini S. Parental Use and Educational Campaigns on Sunbed Use Among Teenagers and Adolescents. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3034. [PMID: 26986121 PMCID: PMC4839902 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sunbed use among teenagers and the association between familial behavior and the adoption of UV-protective practices in this age group. We also assessed the impact of an educational program on students' knowledge about the potential risks of sunbed use. The educational intervention focused on: (i) skin effects of UV radiation, (ii) photoaging and photocarcinogenesis, (iii) risk factors for skin cancer, (iv) indoor sun tanning and misleading concepts such as possible protective effect of sunbed use on skin cancer risk, (v) sun protection and relation with skin phototype, and (vi) early diagnosis of melanoma using the ABCDE check list and the ugly duckling sign. We carried out a survey of 3098 students and found a strong association between parental sunbed use and students' use of the same (P < 0.0001). Students who attended the educational intervention were more aware that sunbed use cannot prevent sunburns (P = 0.03) than those who did not attend, making adjustments for confounding variables. However, sunbed use by parents influenced the desire to use a sunbed more than participation in the educational intervention (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, although our results indicate that educational interventions can improve knowledge of the risk of sunbed use. They also reveal a strong correlation between sunbed use by teenagers and parental behavior that highlights the importance of educational interventions involving families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Stanganelli
- From the Skin Cancer Unit (IS, SM, LM, MM), Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola; Centro Studi Gruppo Italiano Studi Epidemiologici in Dermatologia-Fondazione per la Ricerca (LN), Ospedale Maggiore Presidio Ospedaliero Matteo Rota, Bergamo; Romagna Cancer Registry (FF), Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola; Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo (RB, LN) (IOR), Forli; Dermatology Unit (OC), Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale della Romagna, Ravenna; Centro Studi Avanzati sull'Umanizzazione delle Cure e sulla Salute sociale (Ce.Um.S.) (VA), Sociology Department, University of Bologna; Unit of Cancer Genetics (GP), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Sassari; Clinica dermatologica (SDN, CP), University of Parma; and Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (SG), European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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147
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Stapleton JL, Manne SL, Greene K, Darabos K, Carpenter A, Hudson SV, Coups EJ. Sociocultural experiences, body image, and indoor tanning among young adult women. J Health Psychol 2016; 22:1582-1590. [PMID: 26929174 DOI: 10.1177/1359105316631198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this survey study was to evaluate a model of body image influences on indoor tanning behavior. Participants were 823 young adult women recruited from a probability-based web panel in the United States. Consistent with our hypothesized model, tanning-related sociocultural experiences were indirectly associated with lifetime indoor tanning use and intentions to tan as mediated through tan surveillance and tan dissatisfaction. Findings suggest the need for targeting body image constructs as mechanisms of behavior change in indoor tanning behavioral interventions.
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148
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Small J, Barton V, Peterson B, Alberg AJ. Keratinocyte Carcinoma as a Marker of a High Cancer-Risk Phenotype. Adv Cancer Res 2016; 130:257-91. [PMID: 27037755 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) (also referred to as nonmelanoma skin cancer) is by far the most common form of human cancer. A personal history of KC is well established to be associated with increased risk of recurrent KC and malignant melanoma, a less common yet more fatal form of skin cancer. More surprising is that a substantial body of epidemiologic evidence now indicates that a personal history of KC is significantly associated with an overall elevated risk of noncutaneous malignancies. This association is not limited to one or a few types of cancer but applies across many different types of malignancy. This association has been consistently observed in prospective studies across genders for both major histologic types of KC, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The risk of other cancers has been even stronger in those with younger compared with older age of onset of KC. A robust body of evidence lends support to the notion that KC may be a marker of a high cancer-risk phenotype. The underlying mechanisms for this association remain to be elucidated, but the cross-cutting nature of this association across numerous malignancies suggests that research to uncover these mechanisms is a promising line of inquiry that could potentially yield valuable insight into human carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Small
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - V Barton
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - B Peterson
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - A J Alberg
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
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149
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Haluza D, Simic S, Moshammer H. Sunbed Use Prevalence and Associated Skin Health Habits: Results of a Representative, Population-Based Survey among Austrian Residents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:231. [PMID: 26907308 PMCID: PMC4772251 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recreational sunbed use accounts for the main non-solar source of exposure to ultraviolet radiation in fair-skinned Western populations. Indoor tanning is associated with increased risks for acute and chronic dermatological diseases. The current community-based study assessed the one-year prevalence of sunbed use and associated skin health habits among a representative, gender-balanced sample of 1500 Austrian citizens. Overall one-year prevalence of sunbed use was 8.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 7.5%-10.4%), with slightly higher prevalence in females (9.2%, 95% CI 7.3%-11.2%) compared to males (8.6%, 95% CI 6.7%-10.6%). Factors predicting sunbed use were younger age (by trend decreasing with older age), place of living, smoking, skin type (by trend increasing with darker skin), sun exposure, motives to tan, and use of UV-free tanning products. Despite media campaigns on the harmful effects of excessive sunlight and sunbed exposure, we found a high prevalence of self-reported sunbed use among Austrian citizens. From a Public (Skin) Health perspective, the current research extends the understanding of prevailing leisure time skin health habits in adding data on prevalence of sunbed use in the general Austrian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Haluza
- Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
| | - Stana Simic
- Institute of Meteorology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, Vienna A-1190, Austria.
| | - Hanns Moshammer
- Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
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150
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[Cutaneous consequences of environmental changes]. Presse Med 2016; 45:98-106. [PMID: 26850285 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is normally well protected against a majority of substances. Ultraviolet rays play an essential role in the occurrence of cancer and skin aging. There are numerous pollutants, which act on the skin or enter the body through the skin. The new lifestyle entails new risks. We must be vigilant but also avoid unjustified peremptory opinions scientifically unproven.
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