101
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Griffith MJ, Holmes NP, Elkington DC, Cottam S, Stamenkovic J, Kilcoyne ALD, Andersen TR. Manipulating nanoscale structure to control functionality in printed organic photovoltaic, transistor and bioelectronic devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:092002. [PMID: 31726444 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab57d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Printed electronics is simultaneously one of the most intensely studied emerging research areas in science and technology and one of the fastest growing commercial markets in the world today. For the past decade the potential for organic electronic (OE) materials to revolutionize this printed electronics space has been widely promoted. Such conviction in the potential of these carbon-based semiconducting materials arises from their ability to be dissolved in solution, and thus the exciting possibility of simply printing a range of multifunctional devices onto flexible substrates at high speeds for very low cost using standard roll-to-roll printing techniques. However, the transition from promising laboratory innovations to large scale prototypes requires precise control of nanoscale material and device structure across large areas during printing fabrication. Maintaining this nanoscale material control during printing presents a significant new challenge that demands the coupling of OE materials and devices with clever nanoscience fabrication approaches that are adapted to the limited thermodynamic levers available. In this review we present an update on the strategies and capabilities that are required in order to manipulate the nanoscale structure of large area printed organic photovoltaic (OPV), transistor and bioelectronics devices in order to control their device functionality. This discussion covers a range of efforts to manipulate the electroactive ink materials and their nanostructured assembly into devices, and also device processing strategies to tune the nanoscale material properties and assembly routes through printing fabrication. The review finishes by highlighting progress in printed OE devices that provide a feedback loop between laboratory nanoscience innovations and their feasibility in adapting to large scale printing fabrication. The ability to control material properties on the nanoscale whilst simultaneously printing functional devices on the square metre scale is prompting innovative developments in the targeted nanoscience required for OPV, transistor and biofunctional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Griffith
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. Centre for Organic Electronics, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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102
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Xie K, Wang N, Lin X, Wang Z, Zhao X, Fang P, Yue H, Kim J, Luo J, Cui S, Yan F, Shi P. Organic electrochemical transistor arrays for real-time mapping of evoked neurotransmitter release in vivo. eLife 2020; 9:50345. [PMID: 32043970 PMCID: PMC7075691 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Though neurotransmitters are essential elements in neuronal signal transduction, techniques for in vivo analysis are still limited. Here, we describe an organic electrochemical transistor array (OECT-array) technique for monitoring catecholamine neurotransmitters (CA-NTs) in rat brains. The OECT-array is an active sensor with intrinsic amplification capability, allowing real-time and direct readout of transient CA-NT release with a sensitivity of nanomolar range and a temporal resolution of several milliseconds. The device has a working voltage lower than half of that typically used in a prevalent cyclic voltammetry measurement, and operates continuously in vivo for hours without significant signal drift, which is inaccessible for existing methods. With the OECT-array, we demonstrate simultaneous mapping of evoked dopamine release at multiple striatal brain regions in different physiological scenarios, and reveal a complex cross-talk between the mesolimbic and the nigrostriatal pathways, which is heterogeneously affected by the reciprocal innervation between ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra pars compacta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Naixiang Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, China
| | - Xudong Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Zixun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Xi Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Peilin Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Haibing Yue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Junhwi Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaoyang Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
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103
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Fan J, Zhang S, Li F, Yang Y, Du M. Recent advances in cellulose-based membranes for their sensing applications. CELLULOSE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 27:9157-9179. [PMID: 32934443 PMCID: PMC7483080 DOI: 10.1007/s10570-020-03445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In recent years, sensing applications have played a very important role in various fields. As a novel natural material, cellulose-based membranes with many merits can be served as all kinds of sensors. This review summarizes the recent progress of cellulose membranes as sensors, mainly focusing on their preparation processes and sensing properties. In addition, the opportunities and challenges of cellulose membrane-based sensors are also prospected. This review provides some references for the design of cellulose membrane materials for sensing applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Fan
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Key Laboratory of Paper Based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sufeng Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Key Laboratory of Paper Based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- The Second Kindergarten, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Xi’an, 710021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonglin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Du
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Key Laboratory of Paper Based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 People’s Republic of China
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104
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Wu Y, Wang X, Li X, Xiao Y, Wang Y. Cyclodextrin derivatives functionalized highly sensitive chiral sensor based on organic field-effect transistor. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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105
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Ge Z, Ma M, Chang G, Chen M, He H, Zhang X, Wang S. A novel solution-gated graphene transistor biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of trinucleotide repeats. Analyst 2020; 145:4795-4805. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00205d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel SGGT biosensor is constructed to achieve highly sensitive and selective sensing of GAA TNRs by integrating G-quadruplex enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Ge
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules
- Hubei University
- Wuchang
- China
| | - Mingyu Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuchang
| | - Gang Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuchang
| | - Meijun Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules
- Hubei University
- Wuchang
- China
| | - Hanping He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules
- Hubei University
- Wuchang
- China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules
- Hubei University
- Wuchang
- China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules
- Hubei University
- Wuchang
- China
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106
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Andriianova AN, Biglova YN, Mustafin AG. Effect of structural factors on the physicochemical properties of functionalized polyanilines. RSC Adv 2020; 10:7468-7491. [PMID: 35492197 PMCID: PMC9049894 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08644g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the physical and physicochemical properties of polyaniline (PANI) derivatives. The most important methods for the preparation of functionalized polyanilines are presented. The presence of various substituents in its structure changes the polymer characteristics significantly due to steric and electronic effects of the functional groups. This review describes the relationship between the properties of functionalized polyanilines depending on the nature, number and position of the substituents at the aromatic ring. The review describes the relationship between the properties of functionalized polyanilines depending on the nature of the substituents at the aromatic ring.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Akhat G. Mustafin
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 450054 Ufa
- Russian Federation
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107
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Insights in the Ni-thiophene association in the synthesis of thiophene-para-phenylene block copolymers via Kumada catalyst transfer condensative polymerization. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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108
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Decataldo F, Barbalinardo M, Gentili D, Tessarolo M, Calienni M, Cavallini M, Fraboni B. Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Real‐Time Monitoring of In Vitro Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:e1900204. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Decataldo
- Department of Physics and AstronomyAlma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna Viale Berti Pichat 6/2 40127 Bologna Italy
| | - Marianna Barbalinardo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheIstituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR‐ISMN) via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Denis Gentili
- Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheIstituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR‐ISMN) via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Marta Tessarolo
- Department of Physics and AstronomyAlma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna Viale Berti Pichat 6/2 40127 Bologna Italy
| | - Maria Calienni
- Department of Physics and AstronomyAlma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna Viale Berti Pichat 6/2 40127 Bologna Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cavallini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheIstituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR‐ISMN) via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Beatrice Fraboni
- Department of Physics and AstronomyAlma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna Viale Berti Pichat 6/2 40127 Bologna Italy
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109
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Daviddi E, Chen Z, Beam Massani B, Lee J, Bentley CL, Unwin PR, Ratcliff EL. Nanoscale Visualization and Multiscale Electrochemical Analysis of Conductive Polymer Electrodes. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13271-13284. [PMID: 31674763 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Conductive polymers are exceptionally promising for modular electrochemical applications including chemical sensors, bioelectronics, redox-flow batteries, and photoelectrochemical systems due to considerable synthetic tunability and ease of processing. Despite well-established structural heterogeneity in these systems, conventional macroscopic electroanalytical methods-specifically cyclic voltammetry-are typically used as the primary tool for structure-property elucidation. This work presents an alternative correlative multimicroscopy strategy. Data from laboratory and synchrotron-based microspectroscopies, including conducting-atomic force microscopy and synchrotron nanoscale infrared spectroscopy, are combined with potentiodynamic movies of electrochemical fluxes from scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) to reveal the relationship between electrode structure and activity. A model conductive polymer electrode system of tailored heterogeneity is investigated, consisting of phase-segregated domains of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) surrounded by contiguous regions of insulating poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), representing an ultramicroelectrode array. Isolated domains of P3HT are shown to retain bulk-like chemical and electronic structure when blended with PMMA and possess approximately equivalent electron-transfer rate constants compared to pure P3HT electrodes. The nanoscale electrochemical data are used to model and predict multiscale electrochemical behavior, revealing that macroscopic cyclic voltammograms should be much more kinetically facile than observed experimentally. This indicates that parasitic resistances rather than redox kinetics play a dominant role in macroscopic measurements in these conductive polymer systems. SECCM further demonstrates that the ambient degradation of the P3HT electroactivity within P3HT/PMMA blends is spatially heterogeneous. This work serves as a roadmap for benchmarking the quality of conductive polymer films as electrodes, emphasizing the importance of nanoscale electrochemical measurements in understanding macroscopic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Daviddi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Zhiting Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - Brooke Beam Massani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Cameron L Bentley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Erin L Ratcliff
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States
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110
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Gualandi I, Tessarolo M, Mariani F, Tonelli D, Fraboni B, Scavetta E. Organic Electrochemical Transistors as Versatile Analytical Potentiometric Sensors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:354. [PMID: 31824941 PMCID: PMC6882742 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentiometric transduction is an important tool of analytical chemistry to record chemical signals, but some constraints in the miniaturization and low-cost fabrication of the reference electrode are a bottleneck in the realization of more-advanced devices such as wearable and lab-on-a-chip sensors. Here, an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) has been designed with an alternative architecture that allows to record the potentiometric signals of gate electrodes, which have been chemically modified to obtain Ag/AgnX interfaces (X = Cl-, Br-, I-, and S2-), without the use of a reference electrode. When the OECT is immersed in a sample solution, it reaches an equilibrium state, because PEDOT:PSS exchanges charges with the electrolyte until its Fermi level is aligned to the one of Ag/AgnX. The latter is controlled by Xn- concentration in the solution. As a consequence, in this spontaneous process, the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS changes with the electrochemical potential of the modified gate electrode without any external bias. The sensor works by applying only a fixed drain current or drain voltage and thus the OECT sensor operates with just two terminals. It is also demonstrated that, in this configuration, gate potential values extracted from the drain current are in good agreement with the ones measured with respect to a reference electrode being perfectly correlated (linear slope equal to 1.00 ± 0.03). In the case of the sulfide anion, the OECT performance overcomes the limit represented by the Nernst equation, with a sensitivity of 0.52 V decade-1. The presented results suggest that OECTs could be a viable option to fabricate advanced sensors based on potentiometric transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isacco Gualandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale ‘Toso Montanari’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Tessarolo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Mariani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale ‘Toso Montanari’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenica Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale ‘Toso Montanari’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Fraboni
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Erika Scavetta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale ‘Toso Montanari’, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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111
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Microfluidic devices with gold thin film channels for chemical and biomedical applications: a review. Biomed Microdevices 2019; 21:93. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-019-0439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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112
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Kubota R, Sasaki Y, Minamiki T, Minami T. Chemical Sensing Platforms Based on Organic Thin-Film Transistors Functionalized with Artificial Receptors. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2571-2587. [PMID: 31475522 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) have attracted intense attention as promising electronic devices owing to their various applications such as rollable active-matrix displays, flexible nonvolatile memories, and radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags. To further broaden the scope of the application of OTFTs, we focus on the host-guest chemistry combined with the electronic devices. Extended-gate types of OTFTs functionalized with artificial receptors were fabricated to achieve chemical sensing of targets in complete aqueous media. Organic and inorganic ions (cations and anions), neutral molecules, and proteins, which are regarded as target analytes in the field of host-guest chemistry, were electrically detected by artificial receptors. Molecular recognition phenomena on the extended-gate electrode were evaluated by several analytical methods such as photoemission yield spectroscopy in the air, contact angle goniometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Interestingly, the electrical responses of the OTFTs were highly sensitive to the chemical structures of the guests. Thus, the OTFTs will facilitate the selective sensing of target analytes and the understanding of chemical conversions in biological and environmental systems. Furthermore, such cross-reactive responses observed in our studies will provide some important insights into next-generation sensing systems such as OTFT arrays. We strongly believe that our approach will enable the development of new intriguing sensor platforms in the field of host-guest chemistry, analytical chemistry, and organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Kubota
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153−8505, Japan
| | - Yui Sasaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153−8505, Japan
| | - Tsukuru Minamiki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153−8505, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Minami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153−8505, Japan
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113
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Kothe M, Witte G. Orientational and Crystalline Order of Copper-Phthalocyanine Films on Gold: the Role of Substrate Roughness and Cleanliness. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13570-13577. [PMID: 31560544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although metal phthalocyanines are widely used in optoelectronic devices, e.g., as hole-transport and electron-blocking layers, or as UV-stable dyes, their multilayer growth on metal substrates has surprisingly not been studied very systematically. Even for CuPc, one of the most widely studied representatives of phthalocyanines, contradictory structures are reported for films grown on gold, a common electrode material, suggesting that the influence of actual substrate surface properties on film growth has not been sufficiently considered. In this study, we analyze the growth of CuPc films on gold substrates for thicknesses ranging from the initial seed layer to thick multilayers (50 nm) by combining near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy with atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction. To study the influence of surface roughness, we compare the formation of CuPc films on well-ordered Au(111) and sputter-deposited polycrystalline gold substrates and also investigate the influence of surface contamination by exposing these gold surfaces to air before film growth. While on clean gold substrates, CuPc molecules exclusively adopt a recumbent orientation and form (112̅)-oriented films, they also grow in an upright orientation on contaminated gold surfaces. On Au(111), this leads to the coexistence of (112̅)- and (100)-oriented regions, whereas only (100)-oriented films are formed on contaminated polycrystalline gold. Remarkably, the (112̅)-oriented films consist of extended but isolated crystalline islands, resulting in large overall roughness, whereas the (100)-oriented films consist of rather small domains but have significantly lower film roughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kothe
- Molekulare Festkörperphysik , Philipps-Universität Marburg , 35032 Marburg , Germany
| | - Gregor Witte
- Molekulare Festkörperphysik , Philipps-Universität Marburg , 35032 Marburg , Germany
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114
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Lee SH, Oh BM, Hong CY, Jung SK, Park SH, Jeon GG, Kwon YW, Jang S, Lee Y, Kim D, Kim JH, Kwon OP. Gas-Induced Ion-Free Stable Radical Anion Formation of Organic Semiconducting Solids as Highly Gas-Selective Probes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:35904-35913. [PMID: 31545029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The formation of stabilized radical anions on organic materials in the solid state is an important issue in radical-based fundamental research and various applications. Herein, for the first time, we report on gas-induced ion-free stable radical anion formation (SRAF) of organic semiconducting solids with high gas selectivities through the use of organic field-effect transistor (OFET) gas sensors and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. In contrast to the previously reported SRAF, which requires either anionic analytes in solution and/or cationic substituents on π-electron-deficient aromatic cores, NDI-EWGs consist of an n-type semiconducting naphthalene diimide (NDI) and various electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) that exhibit non-ion-involved, gas-selective SRAF in the solid state. In the presence of hard Lewis base gases, NDI-EWG-based OFETs exhibit enhanced conductivity (Current-ON mode) through the formation of an SRAF NDI/gas complex, while in the presence of borderline and soft Lewis base gases, NDI-EWG-based OFETs show decreased conductivity (Current-OFF mode) by the formation of a resistive NDI/gas complex. Organic semiconducting solids with EWGs exhibiting highly gas-selective solid-SRAF constitute a very promising platform for radical-based chemistry and can be used in various applications, such as highly gas-selective probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Heon Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Byeong M Oh
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Chan Yoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry , Kyonggi University , San 94-6, Iui-dong , Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si , Gyeonggi 443-760 , Korea
| | - Su-Kyo Jung
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Sung-Ha Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Gyeong G Jeon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Young-Wan Kwon
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology , Korea University , Seoul 136-701 , Korea
| | - Seokhoon Jang
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering , DGIST , 333, Techno Jungang Daero , Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu 42988 , Korea
| | - Youngu Lee
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering , DGIST , 333, Techno Jungang Daero , Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu 42988 , Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Kyonggi University , San 94-6, Iui-dong , Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si , Gyeonggi 443-760 , Korea
| | - Jong H Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - O-Pil Kwon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
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115
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Quílez-Bermejo J, Ghisolfi A, Grau-Marín D, San-Fabián E, Morallón E, Cazorla-Amorós D. Post-synthetic efficient functionalization of polyaniline with phosphorus-containing groups. Effect of phosphorus on electrochemical properties. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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116
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Zhou Y, Ma M, He H, Cai Z, Gao N, He C, Chang G, Wang X, He Y. Highly sensitive nitrite sensor based on AuNPs/RGO nanocomposites modified graphene electrochemical transistors. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 146:111751. [PMID: 31605988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Detection of nitrite is important for environmental safety and human health, and the development of high-performance sensors for accurate detection of nitrite is highly desirable. Herein, a highly sensitive graphene electrochemical transistor (GECT) nitrite sensor was designed and fabricated for the first time. A single layer of graphene was placed between the source and drain electrodes by the wetting transfer method to act as channel for the transistor. Au nanoparticles modified reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (AuNPs/RGO) were electrodeposited at the transistor gate to improve its catalytic oxidation performance of nitrite with optimized electrodeposition conditions. The sensing principle was attributed to changes in effective gate voltage applied to GECT induced by electrooxidation of nitrite at gate electrodes. Due to the high carrier mobility of graphene in the channel and the excellent electrocatalytical activity of AuNPs/RGO on the gate, the obtained sensor device exhibited an exceedingly low detection limit (0.1 nM nitrite) and ultra-wide linear range from 0.1 nM to 7 μM and from 7 to 1000 μM, which are comparable or superior to the performance of large-scale instruments (e.g. chromatography, spectrophotometry, and spectrofluorimetry etc.). The GECT device also showed good anti-interference performance toward common interfering ions and stable performances. Nitrite in natural lake water has been proven to be monitored by our devices. Therefore, the present novel GECT sensor could act as a desirable practical platform for highly sensitive detection of nitrite in the food and environmental fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, No.368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Mingyu Ma
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, No.368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Hanping He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, No. 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Zhiwei Cai
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, No.368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, No.368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Chaohui He
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, No.368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Gang Chang
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, No.368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Xianbao Wang
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, No.368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yunbin He
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, No.368 Youyi Avenue, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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Pan T, Yang C, Li J, Jiang J, Wen J, Wang Z, Zhong K, Tian Y, Chen M. High-throughput extracellular pH monitoring and antibiotics screening by polymeric fluorescent sensor with LCST property. Methods 2019; 168:51-61. [PMID: 31051251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitoring extracellular pH (pHe) is important for biology understanding, since pHe and its homeostasis are closely relevant to cellular metabolism. Hydrogel-based pHe sensors have attracted significant attention and showed wide application, while they are tedious with significant time-cost operation and reproducibility variations for high-throughput application. Herein, we synthesized two polymers for pHe monitoring which are soluble in water at room temperature with easy operations and high reproducibility among various micro-plate wells for high-throughput analysis. P1 (P(OEGMA-co-MEO2MA-co-pHS)) and P2 (P(OEGMA-co-pHS)) were synthesized via the Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA), 2-(2'-methoxyethoxy) ethyl methacrylate (MEO2MA) and the pH sensitive fluorescence moiety N-fluoresceinyl methacrylamide (pHS). P1 is soluble in water at room temperature (25 °C) while insoluble at the temperature above 33 °C, indicating its feature of lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at 33 °C. Further P1 showed higher pH sensitivity and photostability than P2 (without LCST property) when used at physiological temperature (37 °C). Thus, P1 was chosen to in-situ monitor the micro-environmental acidification of E. coli, Hela and Ramos cells during their growth, and the metabolism inhibiting activity of a representative antibiotic, ampicillin. Cell concentration-dependent cellular acidification and drug concentration-dependent inhibition of cellular acidification were observed, demonstrating that the LCST polymer (P1) is suitable for real-time cellular acidification monitoring as well as for high-throughput drug screening. This study firstly demonstrated the use of a LCST polymeric sensor for high-throughput screening of antibiotics and investigation of cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jiaze Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jiapei Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jiaxing Wen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zijin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ke Zhong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yanqing Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No 1088 Xueyuan Blvd, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
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118
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Baek S, Bae GY, Kwon J, Cho K, Jung S. Flexible Pressure-Sensitive Contact Transistors Operating in the Subthreshold Regime. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:31111-31118. [PMID: 31373197 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistor (TFT)-based pressure sensors have received huge attention for wearable electronic applications such as health monitoring and smart robotics. However, there still remains a challenge to achieve low power consumption and high sensitivity at the same time for the realization of truly wearable sensor systems where minimizing power consumption is significant because of limited battery run time. Here, we introduce a flexible pressure-sensitive contact transistor (PCT), a new type of pressure-sensing device based on organic TFTs for next-generation wearable electronic skin devices. The PCT consists of deformable S/D electrodes integrated on a staggered TFT. The deformable S/D electrodes were fabricated by embedding conducting single-walled carbon nanotubes on the surface of microstructured polydimethylsiloxane. Under pressure loads, the deformation of the electrodes on an organic semiconductor layer leads modulation of drain current from variation in both the channel geometry and contact resistance. By strategic subthreshold operation to minimize power consumption and increase the dominance of contact resistance because of gated Schottky contact, the PCT achieves both ultralow power consumption (order of 101 nW) and high sensitivity (18.96 kPa-1). Finally, we demonstrate a 5 × 5 active matrix PCT array on a 3 μm-thick parylene substrate. The device with ultralow power consumption and high sensitivity on a biocompatible flexible substrate makes the PCT promising candidate for next-generation wearable electronic skin devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geun Yeol Bae
- Intelligent Sustainable Materials R&D Group, Research Institute of Sustainable Manufacturing System , Korea Institute of Industrial Technology , Cheonan-si 331-822 , Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
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Ngai JHL, Chang GY, Gao X, Zhou X, Hendsbee AD, Li Y. Design and synthesis of stable indigo polymer semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors with high fluoride sensitivity and selectivity. RSC Adv 2019; 9:26230-26237. [PMID: 35530989 PMCID: PMC9070390 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04302k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the design and synthesis of two novel indigo donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers, PIDG-T-C20 and PIDG-BT-C20, comprising an indigo moiety that has intramolecular hydrogen-bonds as the acceptor building block and thiophene (T) and bithiophene (BT) as the donor building block, respectively. PIDG-T-C20 and PIDG-BT-C20 exhibited characteristic p-type semiconductor performance, achieving hole mobilities of up to 0.016 and 0.028 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively, which are highest values reported for indigo-based polymers. The better performing PIDG-BT-C20 was used for the fabrication of water-gated organic field-effect transistors (WGOFETs), which showed excellent stability at ambient conditions. The PIDG-BT-C20-based WGOFETs exhibited rapid response when fluoride ions were introduced to the water gate dielectric, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.40 mM. On the other hand, the devices showed much lower sensitivities towards other halide ions with the order of relative response: F- ≫ Cl- > Br- > I-. The high sensitivity and selectivity of PIDG-BT-C20 to fluoride over other halides is considered to be realized through the strong interaction of the hydrogen atoms of the N-H groups in the indigo unit with fluoride ions, which alters the intramolecular hydrogen-bonding arrangement, the electronic structures, and thus the charge transport properties of the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenner H L Ngai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, (WIN), University of Waterloo 200 University Ave West Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada +1-519-888-4347 +1-519-888-4567 ext. 31105
| | - George Y Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, (WIN), University of Waterloo 200 University Ave West Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada +1-519-888-4347 +1-519-888-4567 ext. 31105
| | - Xiguang Gao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, (WIN), University of Waterloo 200 University Ave West Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada +1-519-888-4347 +1-519-888-4567 ext. 31105
| | - Xiaocheng Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, (WIN), University of Waterloo 200 University Ave West Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada +1-519-888-4347 +1-519-888-4567 ext. 31105
| | - Arthur D Hendsbee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, (WIN), University of Waterloo 200 University Ave West Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada +1-519-888-4347 +1-519-888-4567 ext. 31105
| | - Yuning Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, (WIN), University of Waterloo 200 University Ave West Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada +1-519-888-4347 +1-519-888-4567 ext. 31105
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120
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Song R, Wang Z, Zhou X, Huang L, Chi L. Gas‐Sensing Performance and Operation Mechanism of Organic π‐Conjugated Materials. Chempluschem 2019; 84:1222-1234. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruxin Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Zi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu P. R. China
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121
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Choi J, Yoon J, Kim MJ, Pak K, Lee C, Lee H, Jeong K, Ihm K, Yoo S, Cho BJ, Lee H, Im SG. Spontaneous Generation of a Molecular Thin Hydrophobic Skin Layer on a Sub-20 nm, High- k Polymer Dielectric for Extremely Stable Organic Thin-Film Transistor Operation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:29113-29123. [PMID: 31333023 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymer dielectric materials with hydroxyl functionalities such as poly(4-vinylphenol) and poly(vinyl alcohol) have been utilized widely in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) because of their excellent insulating performance gained by hydroxyl-mediated cross-linking. However, the polar hydroxyl functionality also deleteriously affects the performance of OTFTs and significantly impairs the device stability. In this study, a sub-20 nm, high-k copolymer dielectric with hydroxyl functionality, poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-di(ethylene glycol) divinyl ether), was synthesized in the vapor phase via initiated chemical vapor deposition. The inherently dry environment offered by the vapor-phase polymer synthesis prompted the snuggling of polar hydroxyl functionalities into the bulk polymer film to form a molecular thin hydrophobic skin layer at its surface, verified by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure analysis. The chemical composition of the copolymer dielectric was optimized systematically to achieve high dielectric constant (k ≈ 6.2) as well as extremely low leakage current densities (less than 3 × 10-8 A/cm2 in the range of ±2 MV/cm) even with sub-20 nm thickness, leading to one of the highest capacitance (higher than 300 nF/cm2) achieved by a single polymer dielectric to date. Exploiting the structural advantage of the cross-linked high-k polymer dielectric, high-performance OTFTs were obtained. Notably, the spontaneously formed molecular thin, hydrophobic skin layer in the copolymer film substantially suppressed the hysteresis in the transistor operation. The trap analysis also suggested the formation of bulk trap with a high energy barrier and sufficiently low trap densities at the semiconductor/dielectric interface, owing to the surface skin layer. Furthermore, the OTFTs with the -OH-containing copolymer dielectric showed an unprecedentedly excellent operational stability. No apparent OTFT degradation was observed up to 50 000 s of high constant voltage stress (corresponding to the applied electric field of 1.4 MV/cm) because of the markedly suppressed interfacial trap density by the hydrophobic skin layer, together with the current compensation by the bulk hydroxyl functionalities. We believe that the surface modification-free, one-step polymer dielectric synthetic strategy will provide a new insight into the design of polymer dielectric materials for high-performance, low-power soft electronic devices with high operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhwan Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsun Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , 77 Cheongam-ro , Nam-gu, Pohang , Gyeongbuk 37673 , Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and KI for NanoCentury at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanyong Pak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Haechang Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering and KI for NanoCentury at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kihoon Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuwook Ihm
- Nano & Interface Research Team , Pohang Accelerator Laboratory , Pohang , Gyeongbuk 37673 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyup Yoo
- School of Electrical Engineering and KI for NanoCentury at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Jin Cho
- School of Electrical Engineering and KI for NanoCentury at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyomin Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , 77 Cheongam-ro , Nam-gu, Pohang , Gyeongbuk 37673 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KI for NanoCentury , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
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Özenler S, Kaya H, Elmaci N, Yildiz UH. Transition‐Metal‐Free Direct C‐H Arylation of Thiophene in Aqueous Media via Potassium Peroxymonosulfate. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sezer Özenler
- Department of ChemistryIzmir Institute of Technology Izmir 35430 Turkey
| | - Hakan Kaya
- Department of Biotechnology and BioengineeringIzmir Institute of Technology Izmir 35430 Turkey
| | - Nuran Elmaci
- Department of ChemistryIzmir Institute of Technology Izmir 35430 Turkey
| | - Umit Hakan Yildiz
- Department of ChemistryIzmir Institute of Technology Izmir 35430 Turkey
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Müller K, Schmidt N, Link S, Riedel R, Bock J, Malone W, Lasri K, Kara A, Starke U, Kivala M, Stöhr M. Triphenylene-Derived Electron Acceptors and Donors on Ag(111): Formation of Intermolecular Charge-Transfer Complexes with Common Unoccupied Molecular States. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901741. [PMID: 31264784 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past years, ultrathin films consisting of electron donating and accepting molecules have attracted increasing attention due to their potential usage in optoelectronic devices. Key parameters for understanding and tuning their performance are intermolecular and molecule-substrate interactions. Here, the formation of a monolayer thick blend of triphenylene-based organic donor and acceptor molecules from 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexamethoxytriphenylene (HAT) and 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile (HATCN), respectively, on a silver (111) surface is reported. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, valence and core level photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as low-energy electron diffraction measurements are used, complemented by density functional theory calculations, to investigate both the electronic and structural properties of the homomolecular as well as the intermixed layers. The donor molecules are weakly interacting with the Ag(111) surface, while the acceptor molecules show a strong interaction with the substrate leading to charge transfer and substantial buckling of the top silver layer and of the adsorbates. Upon mixing acceptor and donor molecules, strong hybridization occurs between the two different molecules leading to the emergence of a common unoccupied molecular orbital located at both the donor and acceptor molecules. The donor acceptor blend studied here is, therefore, a compelling candidate for organic electronics based on self-assembled charge-transfer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Müller
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nico Schmidt
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Link
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - René Riedel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julian Bock
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut & Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 & 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walter Malone
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Karima Lasri
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Abdelkader Kara
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Ulrich Starke
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut & Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 & 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meike Stöhr
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, Netherlands
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Jung YH, Park B, Kim JU, Kim TI. Bioinspired Electronics for Artificial Sensory Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1803637. [PMID: 30345558 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Humans have a myriad of sensory receptors in different sense organs that form the five traditionally recognized senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch. These receptors detect diverse stimuli originating from the world and turn them into brain-interpretable electrical impulses for sensory cognitive processing, enabling us to communicate and socialize. Developments in biologically inspired electronics have led to the demonstration of a wide range of electronic sensors in all five traditional categories, with the potential to impact a broad spectrum of applications. Here, recent advances in bioinspired electronics that can function as potential artificial sensory systems, including prosthesis and humanoid robots are reviewed. The mechanisms and demonstrations in mimicking biological sensory systems are individually discussed and the remaining future challenges that must be solved for their versatile use are analyzed. Recent progress in bioinspired electronic sensors shows that the five traditional senses are successfully mimicked using novel electronic components and the performance regarding sensitivity, selectivity, and accuracy have improved to levels that outperform human sensory organs. Finally, neural interfacing techniques for connecting artificial sensors to the brain are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yei Hwan Jung
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeonghak Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Uk Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Il Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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125
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Hwang S, Jang S, Kang M, Bae S, Lee SK, Hong JM, Lee SH, Wang G, Fabiano S, Berggren M, Kim TW. Two-in-One Device with Versatile Compatible Electrical Switching or Data Storage Functions Controlled by the Ferroelectricity of P(VDF-TrFE) via Photocrosslinking. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25358-25368. [PMID: 31264831 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Organic electronics demand new platforms that can make integrated circuits and undergo mass production while maintaining diverse functions with high performance. The field-effect transistor has great potential to be a multifunctional device capable of sensing, data processing, data storage, and display. Currently, transistor-based devices cannot be considered intrinsic multifunctional devices because all installed functions are mutually coupled. Such incompatibilities are a crucial barrier to developing an all-in-one multifunctional device capable of driving each function individually. In this study, we focus on the decoupling of electric switching and data storage functions in an organic ferroelectric memory transistor. To overcome the incompatibility of each function, the high permittivity needed for electrical switching and the ferroelectricity needed for data storage become compatible by restricting the motion of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) via photocrosslinking with bis-perfluorobenzoazide. The two-in-one device consisting of a photocrosslinked ferroelectric layer exhibits reversible and individual dual-functional operation as a typical transistor with nonvolatile memory. Moreover, a p-MOS depletion load inverter composed of the two transistors with different threshold voltages is also demonstrated by simply changing only one of the threshold voltages by polarization switching. We believe that the two-in-one device will be considered a potential component of integrated organic logic circuits, including memory, in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunbin Hwang
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro , Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun , Jeollabuk-Do 55324 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sukjae Jang
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro , Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun , Jeollabuk-Do 55324 , Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kang
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro , Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun , Jeollabuk-Do 55324 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sukang Bae
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro , Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun , Jeollabuk-Do 55324 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung-Ki Lee
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro , Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun , Jeollabuk-Do 55324 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Hong
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro , Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun , Jeollabuk-Do 55324 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering , Chonnam National University , 77 Yongbong-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186 , Republic of Korea
| | - Gunuk Wang
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology , Korea University , Seoul 136-701 , Republic of Korea
| | - Simone Fabiano
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology , Linköping University , SE-601 74 Norrköping , Sweden
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology , Linköping University , SE-601 74 Norrköping , Sweden
| | - Tae-Wook Kim
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro , Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun , Jeollabuk-Do 55324 , Republic of Korea
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Yu CP, Kimura R, Kurosawa T, Fukuzaki E, Watanabe T, Ishii H, Kumagai S, Yano M, Takeya J, Okamoto T. Air-Stable Benzo[c]thiophene Diimide n-Type π-Electron Core. Org Lett 2019; 21:4448-4453. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig P. Yu
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Ryoya Kimura
- Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering Major, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Tadanori Kurosawa
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Eiji Fukuzaki
- FUJIFILM Corp., 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 258-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Watanabe
- FUJIFILM Corp., 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 258-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishii
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Shohei Kumagai
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yano
- Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering Major, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Okamoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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129
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Li C, Wang Y, Zhang T, Zheng B, Xu J, Miao Q. Tertiary Amines Differentiated from Primary and Secondary Amines by Active Ester-Functionalized Hexabenzoperylene in Field Effect Transistors. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1676-1680. [PMID: 30644643 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report two novel derivatives of hexabenzoperylene (HBP) that are functionalized with ester groups. Methyl acetate functionalized HBP (1) in single crystals self-assembles into a supramolecular nanosheet, which has a two-dimensional π-stack of HBP sandwiched between two layers of ester groups. With the same self-assembly motif, active ester-functionalized HBP (2) in field effect transistors has enabled differentiation of tertiary amines from primary and secondary amines, in agreement with the fact that active ester reacts with primary and secondary amines but not with tertiary amines to form amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tiankai Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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130
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Bi Y, Ye L, Mao Y, Wang L, Qu H, Liu J, Zheng L. Porous carbon supported nanoceria derived from one step in situ pyrolysis of Jerusalem artichoke stalk for functionalization of solution-gated graphene transistors for real-time detection of lactic acid from cancer cell metabolism. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 140:111271. [PMID: 31154253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Effective detection of biomarkers for tumor cells has been the focus of attention. In this work, we have successfully fabricated a highly sensitive sensor based on solution-gated graphene transistors (SGGT) for detecting lactic acid content accumulated in tumor cells through their glycolysis metabolism. The sensing mechanism of the lactic acid sensor is attributed to electrochemical catalysis of H2O2 produced by the oxidation of lactic acid by lactate oxidase near the gate electrode. The key component of the sensor is the functionalization of porous carbon loaded with ceria nanoparticles derived from a novel one step in situ pyrolysis of pretreated Jerusalem artichoke stalk, which significantly improved the sensor sensitivity, i.e. a detection limit as low as 300 nM and linear range from 3 μM to 300 μM. The optimized lactic acid sensor has successfully applied to the detection of lactic acid in practical cell culture samples with high credibility. The SGGT-based lactic acid biosensor shows great potential for the application in tumor microenvironment due to its superior biocompatibility and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Bi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Lihui Ye
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Yu Mao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China.
| | - Hao Qu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China.
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131
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Abstract
Flexible sensors have the potential to be seamlessly applied to soft and irregularly shaped surfaces such as the human skin or textile fabrics. This benefits conformability dependant applications including smart tattoos, artificial skins and soft robotics. Consequently, materials and structures for innovative flexible sensors, as well as their integration into systems, continue to be in the spotlight of research. This review outlines the current state of flexible sensor technologies and the impact of material developments on this field. Special attention is given to strain, temperature, chemical, light and electropotential sensors, as well as their respective applications.
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132
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Kader T, Stöger B, Fröhlich J, Kautny P. Azaindolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazoles: New Building Blocks for Functional Organic Materials. Chemistry 2019; 25:4412-4425. [PMID: 30620787 PMCID: PMC6491992 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and characterization of 12 azaindolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazoles is presented. Ring-closing C-H activation allowed for the convenient preparation of six singly and six doubly nitrogen-substituted indolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazole derivatives in which ten of the materials have not been described in the literature before. The detailed photophysical and electrochemical characterization of the developed materials revealed a significant impact of the incorporation of pyridine-like nitrogen into the fully planar indolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazole backbone. Furthermore, the nitrogen position decisively impacted intermolecular hydrogen bonding and thus the solid-state alignment. Ultimately, the versatility of the azaindolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazoles scaffold makes this class of materials an attractive new building block for the design of functional organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kader
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060ViennaAustria
| | | | - Johannes Fröhlich
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060ViennaAustria
| | - Paul Kautny
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060ViennaAustria
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133
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Rockson TK, Baek S, Jang H, Choi G, Oh S, Kim J, Cho H, Kim SH, Lee HS. Engineering Asymmetric Charge Injection/Extraction to Optimize Organic Transistor Performances. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:10108-10117. [PMID: 30784260 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of an appropriate functionality on the electrode/active layer interface has been found to be an efficient methodology to enhance the electrical performances of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Herein, we efficiently optimized the charge injection/extraction characteristics of source/drain (S/D) electrodes by applying an asymmetric functionalization at each individual electrode/organic semiconductor (OSC) interface. To further clarify the functionalizing effects of the electrode/OSC interface, we systematically designed five different OFETs: one with pristine S/D electrodes (denoted as pristine S/D) and the remaining ones made by symmetrically or asymmetrically functionalizing the S/D electrodes with up to two different self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on thiolated molecules, the strongly electron-donating thiophenol (TP) and electron-withdrawing 2,3,4,5-pentafluorobenzenethiol (PFBT). Both the S and D electrodes were functionalized with TP (denoted as TP-S/D) in one of the two symmetric cases and with PFBT in the other (PFBT-S/D). In each of the two asymmetric cases, one of the S/D electrodes was functionalized with TP and the other with PFBT (to produce PFBT-S/TP-D and TP-S/PFBT-D OFETs). The vapor-deposited p-type dinaphtho[2,3- b:2',3'- f]thieno[3,2- b]thiophene was used as the OSC active layer. The PFBT-S/TP-D case exhibited a field-effect mobility (μFET) of 0.86 ± 0.23 cm2 V-1 s-1, about three times better than that of the pristine S/D case (0.31 ± 0.12 cm2 V-1 s-1). On the other hand, the μFET of the TP-S/PFBT-D case (0.18 ± 0.10 cm2 V-1 s-1) was significantly lower than that of the pristine case and even lower than those of the TP-S/D (0.23 ± 0.07 cm2 V-1 s-1) and PFBT-S/D (0.58 ± 0.19 cm2 V-1 s-1) cases. These results were clearly correlated with the additional hole density, surface potential, and effective work function. In addition, the contact resistance ( RC) for the asymmetric PFBT-S/TP-D case was 10-fold less than that for the TP-S/PFBT-D case and more than five times lower than that for the pristine case. The results contribute a meaningful step forward in improving the electrical performances of various organic electronics such as OFETs, inverters, solar cells, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonnah Kwesi Rockson
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering , Hanbat National University , Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seolhee Baek
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering , Hanbat National University , Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeong Jang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering , Hanbat National University , Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
| | - Giheon Choi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering , Hanbat National University , Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seungtaek Oh
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering , Hanbat National University , Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehan Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering , Hanbat National University , Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Cho
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering , Hanbat National University , Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan 38541 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Sung Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering , Hanbat National University , Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
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134
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Zhang S, Zhao Y, Du X, Chu Y, Zhang S, Huang J. Gas Sensors Based on Nano/Microstructured Organic Field-Effect Transistors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805196. [PMID: 30730106 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Benefiting from the advantages of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), including synthetic versatility of organic molecular design and environmental sensitivity, gas sensors based on OFETs have drawn much attention in recent years. Potential applications focus on the detection of specific gas species such as explosive, toxic gases, or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that play vital roles in environmental monitoring, industrial manufacturing, smart health care, food security, and national defense. To achieve high sensitivity, selectivity, and ambient stability with rapid response and recovery speed, the regulation and adjustment of the nano/microstructure of the organic semiconductor (OSC) layer has proven to be an effective strategy. Here, the progress of OFET gas sensors with nano/microstructure is selectively presented. Devices based on OSC films one dimensional (1D) single crystal nanowires, nanorods, and nanofibers are introduced. Then, devices based on two dimensional (2D) and ultrathin OSC films, fabricated by methods such as thermal evaporation, dip-coating, spin-coating, and solution-shearing methods are presented, followed by an introduction of porous OFET sensors. Additionally, the applications of nanostructured receptors in OFET sensors are given. Finally, an outlook in view of the current research state is presented and eight further challenges for gas sensors based on OFETs are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Zhao
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen Du
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Yingli Chu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Shen Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
| | - Jia Huang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, P. R. China
- Putuo District People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200060, P. R. China
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135
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Awsiuk K, Petrou P, Thanassoulas A, Raczkowska J. Orientation of Biotin-Binding Sites in Streptavidin Adsorbed onto the Surface of Polythiophene Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:3058-3066. [PMID: 30696244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The orientation of biotin-binding sites of streptavidin adsorbed to thin films of three polythiophenes (PTs), namely, regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (RP3HT), regiorandom poly(3-butylthiophene) (P3BT), and poly(3,3‴-didodecylquaterthiophene) (PQT12), has been investigated. Polymer films were examined prior to and after protein adsorption with atomic force microscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to ToF-SIMS data revealed subtle changes in surface chemistry of polymer films and orientation of adsorbed streptavidin. PCA resolved the surface alignment of alkyl side chains and differentiated the ToF-SIMS data for PQT12, RP3HT, and P3BT, verifying an amorphous morphology for P3BT and a semicrystalline one for PQT12 and RP3HT. After the characterization of the polymeric films, streptavidin adsorption from solutions with different protein concentrations (up to 300 μg/mL) has been conducted. The PCA results distinguished between amino acids characteristic for external regions of streptavidin molecules adsorbed to different PTs suggest that streptavidin adsorbed to PQT12 exposes molecular regions rich in tryptophan and tyrosine, which are components of the biotin-binding sites. The latter results were confirmed using biotin-labeled horse radish peroxidase to estimate the exposed binding sites of streptavidin adsorbed onto the different PT films. The analysis of streptavidin structure suggests that interaction between polythiophene film and dipole moment of streptavidin subunit is responsible for orientation of biotin-binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Awsiuk
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics , Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11 , 30-348 Kraków , Poland
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety , NCSR Demokritos , 15310 Agia Paraskevi , Greece
| | - Panagiota Petrou
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety , NCSR Demokritos , 15310 Agia Paraskevi , Greece
| | - Angelos Thanassoulas
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety , NCSR Demokritos , 15310 Agia Paraskevi , Greece
| | - Joanna Raczkowska
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics , Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11 , 30-348 Kraków , Poland
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136
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Wang N, Yang A, Fu Y, Li Y, Yan F. Functionalized Organic Thin Film Transistors for Biosensing. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:277-287. [PMID: 30620566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The rise of organic bioelectronics efficiently bridges the gap between semiconductor devices and biological systems, leading to flexible, lightweight, and low-cost organic bioelectronic devices suitable for health or body signal monitoring. The introduction of organic semiconductors in the devices can soften the boundaries between microelectronic systems and dynamically active cells and tissues. Therefore, organic bioelectronics has attracted much attention recently due to the unique properties and promising applications. Organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), owing to their inherent capability of amplifying received signals, have emerged as one of the state-of-the-art biosensing platforms. The advantages of organic semiconductors in terms of synthetic freedom, low temperature solution processing, biocompatibility, and mechanical flexibility render OTFTs ideal transducers for wearable electronics, e-skin, and implantable devices. How to realize highly sensitive, selective, rapid, and efficient signal capture and extraction of biological recognition events is the major challenge in the design of biosensors. OTFTs are prone to converting the presence or change of target analytes into specific electrical signals even in complex biological systems. More importantly, OTFT sensors can be conveniently functionalized with chemical or biological modifications and exhibit substantially improved device sensitivity and selectivity as well as other analytical figure of merits, including calibration range, linearity, and accuracy. However, the stability and reproducibility of the organic devices need to be further improved. In this Account, we first introduce the unique features of OTFTs for bioelectronic applications. Two typical OTFT configurations, including organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) and electrolyte gated organic field effect transistor (EGOFET), are highlighted in their sensing applications mainly due to the operation of the devices in electrolytes and the combination of ionic and electronic charge transports in the devices. These devices are potentiometric transducers with low working voltages (<1 V) and high sensitivity, and are thus suitable for wearable applications with low power consumption. Second, the functionalization strategies on channel materials, electrolytes, and gate electrodes based on various modification methods and sensing mechanisms are discussed in sequence. In an OECT- or EGOFET-based biosensor, the device performance is particularly sensitive to the physical properties of the two interfaces, including channel/electrolyte and gate/electrolyte interfaces. Any change in the potential drop or capacitance of either interface can influence the channel current substantially. Therefore, the functionalization of the interfaces is critical to the sensing performance. In particular, when an electrochemically active material is modified on the interfaces, the reaction of the analyte catalyzed by the modified material can influence the interface potential and lead to a channel current response much stronger than that of a conventional electrochemical measurement. So the biosensors are much more sensitive than typical analytical methods due to the signal amplification of the transistors. Third, the processing techniques including screen printing and inkjet printing and the possibility for mass production are discussed. The applications of organic transistors in wearable electronics and healthcare monitoring systems, especially the fabric OECT-based biosensors for noninvasive detection, are presented. It is expected that the versatile organic transistors will enable various compact, flexible and disposable biosensors compatible with wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixiang Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Anneng Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
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137
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Kwon EH, Jang YJ, Kim GW, Kim M, Park YD. Highly crystalline and uniform conjugated polymer thin films by a water-based biphasic dip-coating technique minimizing the use of halogenated solvents for transistor applications. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6356-6362. [PMID: 35517306 PMCID: PMC9060937 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09231a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The commercialization of organic electronics will require minimizing the use of halogenated solvents used to solution-process organic semiconductors, which is a crucial step for large-area coating methods, such as the dip-coating method. Here, we report a novel biphasic dip-coating method which uses a water-based biphasic solution and produces a uniform, smooth, and crystalline conjugated polymer thin film in the presence of a solvent additive. We demonstrated that a solvent additive with a high boiling point and solubility parameter similar to that of the solution affected the solvent evaporation rate and improved the crystallinity of the dip-coated polymer thin film. The method used to add the solvent strongly influenced how the solvent additive diffused into the polymer solution, which affected the resulting film morphology. The crystallinity and morphology of the polymer films were correlated with the electrical characteristics, and the most crystalline film displayed a high hole field effect mobility of 0.0391 cm2 V-1 s-1 when processed from the solvent mixture without post-treatment. Our findings provide a direction for the development of reliable and promising organic thin film transistor technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Kwon
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Jang
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Woo Kim
- Innovation Center for Engineering, Incheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Yeong Don Park
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea .,Innovation Center for Engineering, Incheon National University Incheon 22012 Republic of Korea
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138
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Surya SG, Raval HN, Ahmad R, Sonar P, Salama KN, Rao V. Organic field effect transistors (OFETs) in environmental sensing and health monitoring: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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139
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Wang Z, Guo S, Li H, Wang B, Sun Y, Xu Z, Chen X, Wu K, Zhang X, Xing F, Li L, Hu W. The Semiconductor/Conductor Interface Piezoresistive Effect in an Organic Transistor for Highly Sensitive Pressure Sensors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805630. [PMID: 30548675 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The piezoresistive pressure sensor, a kind of widely investigated artificial device to transfer force stimuli to electrical signals, generally consists of one or more kinds of conducting materials. Here, a highly sensitive pressure sensor based on the semiconductor/conductor interface piezoresistive effect is successfully demonstrated by using organic transistor geometry. Because of the efficient combination of the piezoresistive effect and field-effect modulation in a single sensor, this pressure sensor shows excellent performance, such as high sensitivity (514 kPa-1 ), low limit of detection, short response and recovery time, and robust stability. More importantly, the unique gate modulation effect in the transistor endows the sensor with an unparalleled ability-tunable sensitivity via bias conditions in a single sensor, which is of great significance for applications in complex pressure environments. The novel working principle and high performance represent significant progress in the field of pressure sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Advanced Nanomaterials Division, Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shujing Guo
- Advanced Nanomaterials Division, Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Advanced Nanomaterials Division, Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Mechanics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Control, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yongtao Sun
- Department of Mechanics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Control, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zeyang Xu
- Advanced Nanomaterials Division, Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Advanced Nanomaterials Division, Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Kunjie Wu
- Advanced Nanomaterials Division, Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Feifei Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Liqiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Advanced Nanomaterials Division, Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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140
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Garrote BL, Fernandes FC, Cilli EM, Bueno PR. Field effect in molecule-gated switches and the role of target-to-receptor size ratio in biosensor sensitivity. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 127:215-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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141
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Yao ZF, Zheng YQ, Li QY, Lei T, Zhang S, Zou L, Liu HY, Dou JH, Lu Y, Wang JY, Gu X, Pei J. Wafer-Scale Fabrication of High-Performance n-Type Polymer Monolayer Transistors Using a Multi-Level Self-Assembly Strategy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806747. [PMID: 30549332 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wafer-scale fabrication of high-performance uniform organic electronic materials is of great challenge and has rarely been realized before. Previous large-scale fabrication methods always lead to different layer thickness and thereby poor film and device uniformity. Herein, the first demonstration of 4 in. wafer-scale, uniform, and high-performance n-type polymer monolayer films is reported, enabled by controlling the multi-level self-assembly process of conjugated polymers in solution. Since the self-assembly process happened in solution, the uniform 2D polymer monolayers can be facilely deposited on various substrates, and theoretically without size limitations. Polymer monolayer transistors exhibit high electron mobilities of up to 1.88 cm2 V-1 s-1 , which is among the highest in n-type monolayer organic transistors. This method allows to easily fabricate n-type conjugated polymers with wafer-scale, high uniformity, low contact resistance, and excellent transistor performance (better than the traditional spin-coating method). This work provides an effective strategy to prepare large-scale and uniform 2D polymer monolayers, which could enable the application of conjugated polymers for wafer-scale sophisticated electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Qi-Yi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Song Zhang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Lin Zou
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Han-Yu Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jin-Hu Dou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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142
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Lee JH, Seo Y, Park YD, Anthony JE, Kwak DH, Lim JA, Ko S, Jang HW, Cho K, Lee WH. Effect of Crystallization Modes in TIPS-pentacene/Insulating Polymer Blends on the Gas Sensing Properties of Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:21. [PMID: 30631121 PMCID: PMC6328639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36652-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Blending organic semiconductors with insulating polymers has been known to be an effective way to overcome the disadvantages of single-component organic semiconductors for high-performance organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). We show that when a solution processable organic semiconductor (6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene, TIPS-pentacene) is blended with an insulating polymer (PS), morphological and structural characteristics of the blend films could be significantly influenced by the processing conditions like the spin coating time. Although vertical phase-separated structures (TIPS-pentacene-top/PS-bottom) were formed on the substrate regardless of the spin coating time, the spin time governed the growth mode of the TIPS-pentacene molecules that phase-separated and crystallized on the insulating polymer. Excess residual solvent in samples spun for a short duration induces a convective flow in the drying droplet, thereby leading to one-dimensional (1D) growth mode of TIPS-pentacene crystals. In contrast, after an appropriate spin-coating time, an optimum amount of the residual solvent in the film led to two-dimensional (2D) growth mode of TIPS-pentacene crystals. The 2D spherulites of TIPS-pentacene are extremely advantageous for improving the field-effect mobility of FETs compared to needle-like 1D structures, because of the high surface coverage of crystals with a unique continuous film structure. In addition, the porous structure observed in the 2D crystalline film allows gas molecules to easily penetrate into the channel region, thereby improving the gas sensing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yena Seo
- Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Don Park
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - John E Anthony
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40511, USA
| | - Do Hun Kwak
- Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ah Lim
- Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 02792, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunglim Ko
- Department of Mechanical Design and Production Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wi Hyoung Lee
- Department of Organic and Nano System Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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143
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Li F, Hopwood JP, Galey MM, Sanchez LM, Ciszek JW. Chemically transformed monolayers on acene thin films for improved metal/organic interfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:13975-13978. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07234a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemically installed functional groups on top of organic semiconductors allow for improved adhesion with metal top contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Loyola University Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | | | - Melissa M. Galey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Laura M. Sanchez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Jacob W. Ciszek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Loyola University Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
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144
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Jang YJ, Jung YE, Kim GW, Lee CY, Park YD. Metal–organic frameworks in a blended polythiophene hybrid film with surface-mediated vertical phase separation for the fabrication of a humidity sensor. RSC Adv 2019; 9:529-535. [PMID: 35521569 PMCID: PMC9059327 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09201j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HKUST-1 blended P3HT film dramatically improved the electrical signal variations in an OTFT-based humidity sensor due to the superior gas capture properties and the porosity of the HKUST-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Jang
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 22012
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Eil Jung
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 22012
- Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Woo Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 22012
- Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Lee
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 22012
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Don Park
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Incheon National University
- Incheon 22012
- Republic of Korea
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145
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Lee MY, Lee HR, Park CH, Han SG, Oh JH. Organic Transistor-Based Chemical Sensors for Wearable Bioelectronics. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:2829-2838. [PMID: 30403337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics for healthcare that monitor the health information on users in real time have stepped into the limelight as crucial electronic devices for the future due to the increased demand for "point-of-care" testing, which is defined as medical diagnostic testing at the time and place of patient care. In contrast to traditional diagnostic testing, which is generally conducted at medical institutions with diagnostic instruments and requires a long time for specimen analysis, point-of-care testing can be accomplished personally at the bedside, and health information on users can be monitored in real time. Advances in materials science and device technology have enabled next-generation electronics, including flexible, stretchable, and biocompatible electronic devices, bringing the commercialization of personalized healthcare devices increasingly within reach, e.g., wearable bioelectronics attached to the body that monitor the health information on users in real time. Additionally, the monitoring of harmful factors in the environment surrounding the user, such as air pollutants, chemicals, and ultraviolet light, is also important for health maintenance because such factors can have short- and long-term detrimental effects on the human body. The precise detection of chemical species from both the human body and the surrounding environment is crucial for personal health care because of the abundant information that such factors can provide when determining a person's health condition. In this respect, sensor applications based on an organic-transistor platform have various advantages, including signal amplification, molecular design capability, low cost, and mechanical robustness (e.g., flexibility and stretchability). This Account covers recent progress in organic transistor-based chemical sensors that detect various chemical species in the human body or the surrounding environment, which will be the core elements of wearable electronic devices. There has been considerable effort to develop high-performance chemical sensors based on organic-transistor platforms through material design and device engineering. Various experimental approaches have been adopted to develop chemical sensors with high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, including the synthesis of new materials, structural engineering, surface functionalization, and device engineering. In this Account, we first provide a brief introduction to the operating principles of transistor-based chemical sensors. Then we summarize the progress in the fabrication of transistor-based chemical sensors that detect chemical species from the human body (e.g., molecules in sweat, saliva, urine, tears, etc.). We then highlight examples of chemical sensors for detecting harmful chemicals in the environment surrounding the user (e.g., nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds, liquid-phase organic solvents, and heavy metal ions). Finally, we conclude this Account with a perspective on the wearable bioelectronics, especially focusing on organic electronic materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moo Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hae Rang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Cheol Hee Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Seul Gi Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Joon Hak Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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146
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Gong X, Zheng C, Feng X, Huan Y, Li J, Yi M, Fu Z, Huang W, Gao D. 1,8-Substituted Pyrene Derivatives for High-Performance Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3920-3927. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Gong
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University; 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Chaoyue Zheng
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University; 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xingcui Feng
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University; 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Yihong Huan
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University; 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Jiewei Li
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University; 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Mingdong Yi
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics; Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials; Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210003 P. R. China
| | - Zhenqian Fu
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University; 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University; 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Deqing Gao
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and; Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University; 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
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147
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Li H, Shi W, Song J, Jang HJ, Dailey J, Yu J, Katz HE. Chemical and Biomolecule Sensing with Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Chem Rev 2018; 119:3-35. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hyun-June Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jennifer Dailey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Howard E. Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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148
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He Y, Guo S, He Y, Murtaza I, Li A, Zeng X, Guo Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, Meng H. Investigating the Thermal Stability of Organic Thin-Film Transistors and Phototransistors Based on [1]-Benzothieno-[3,2-b]-[1]-benzothiophene Dimeric Derivatives. Chemistry 2018; 24:16595-16602. [PMID: 30102437 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two new highly thermally stable [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) dimeric derivatives, namely 1,4-bis([1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene-2-yl)benzene (BTBT-Ph-BTBT) and 4,4'-bis([1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene-2-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl (BTBT-DPh-BTBT), were synthesized by combining two simple fragment structures. Compared to the monomer compound 2-phenyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (Ph-BTBT, μmax =3.4×10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 ), the organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) based on BTBT-Ph-BTBT and BTBT-DPh-BTBT showed significantly higher mobility (up to 2.5 and 3.6 cm2 V-1 s-1 for BTBT-Ph-BTBT and BTBT-DPh-BTBT, respectively). The mobility of OTFTs based on BTBT-Ph-BTBT was kept at a high value (2.4×10-1 cm2 V-1 s-1 ) after the devices were thermally annealed at 350 °C. Furthermore, the organic phototransistors (OPTs) based on BTBT-Ph-BTBT and BTBT-DPh-BTBT displayed high photosensitivities in a range of 250-400 nm with a low intensity, making these materials potentially applicable for sensitive optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055), P. R. China
| | - Shenghui Guo
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055), P. R. China
| | - Yaowu He
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055), P. R. China
| | - Imran Murtaza
- Department of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000), Pakistan
| | - Aiyuan Li
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055), P. R. China
| | - Xianzhe Zeng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055), P. R. China
| | - Yitong Guo
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055), P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055), P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055), P. R. China
| | - Hong Meng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055), P. R. China
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149
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Xu Y, Sun H, Liu A, Zhu HH, Li W, Lin YF, Noh YY. Doping: A Key Enabler for Organic Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801830. [PMID: 30101530 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are the central building blocks of organic electronics, but still suffer from low performance and manufacturing difficulties. This is due in part to the absence of doping, which is mostly excluded from OFET applications for the concern about uncontrollable dopant diffusion. Doping enabled the modern semiconductor industry to build essential components like Ohmic contacts and P-N junctions, empowering devices to function as designed. Recent breakthroughs in organic semiconductors and doping techniques demonstrated that doping can also be a key enabler for high-performance OFETs. However, the knowledge of organic doping remains limited particularly for OFET use. Therefore, this review addresses OFET doping from a device perspective. The paper overviews doping basics and roles in advanced complementary technologies. These fundamentals help to understand why and how doping provides the desired transistor characteristics. Typical OFETs without doping are discussed, with consideration for operating principle and problems caused by the absence of doping. Achievements for channel, contact, and overall doping are also examined to clarify the corresponding doping roles. Finally, doping mechanisms, techniques, and dopants associated with OFET applications are reviewed. This paper promotes fundamental understanding of OFET doping for the development of high-performance OFETs with doped components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong, 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Huabin Sun
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Ao Liu
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong, 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Hui Zhu
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong, 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yen-Fu Lin
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Young Noh
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong, 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
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150
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Shirinskaya A, Horowitz G, Rivnay J, Malliaras GG, Bonnassieux Y. Numerical Modeling of an Organic Electrochemical Transistor. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8040103. [PMID: 30384434 PMCID: PMC6316735 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We develop a numerical model for the current-voltage characteristics of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) based on steady-state Poisson’s, Nernst’s and Nernst–Planck’s equations. The model starts with the doping–dedoping process depicted as a moving front, when the process at the electrolyte–polymer interface and gradually moves across the film. When the polymer reaches its final state, the electrical potential and charge density profiles largely depend on the way the cations behave during the process. One case is when cations are trapped at the polymer site where dedoping occurs. In this case, the moving front stops at a point that depends on the applied voltage; the higher the voltage, the closer the stopping point to the source electrode. Alternatively, when the cations are assumed to move freely in the polymer, the moving front eventually reaches the source electrode in all cases. In this second case, cations tend to accumulate near the source electrode, and most of the polymer is uniformly doped. The variation of the conductivity of the polymer film is then calculated by integrating the density of holes all over the film. Output and transfer curves of the OECT are obtained by integrating the gate voltage-dependent conductivity from source to drain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Shirinskaya
- Laboratory of Physics of Interfaces and Thin Films (LPICM), Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau CEDEX, France.
| | - Gilles Horowitz
- Laboratory of Physics of Interfaces and Thin Films (LPICM), Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau CEDEX, France.
| | - Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines CMP-EMSE MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3109, USA.
| | - George G Malliaras
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines CMP-EMSE MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France.
- Electrical Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK.
| | - Yvan Bonnassieux
- Laboratory of Physics of Interfaces and Thin Films (LPICM), Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau CEDEX, France.
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