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Li Q, Gong S, Yao W, Yang Z, Wang R, Yu Z, Wei M. Exosome loaded genipin crosslinked hydrogel facilitates full thickness cutaneous wound healing in rat animal model. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:884-893. [PMID: 33960253 PMCID: PMC8118534 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1912210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Full thickness cutaneous wound therapy and regeneration remains a critical challenge in clinical therapeutics. Recent reports have suggested that mesenchymal stem cells exosomes therapy is a promising technology with great potential to efficiently promote tissue regeneration. Multifunctional hydrogel composed of both synthetic materials and natural materials is an effective carrier for exosomes loading. Herein, we constructed a biodegradable, dual-sensitive hydrogel encapsulated human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) derived exosomes to facilitate wound healing and skin regeneration process. The materials characterization, exosomes identification, and in vivo full-thickness cutaneous wound healing effect of the hydrogels were performed and evaluated. The in vivo results demonstrated the exosomes loaded hydrogel had significantly improved wound closure, re-epithelialization rates, collagen deposition in the wound sites. More skin appendages were observed in exosomes loaded hydrogel treated wound, indicating the potential to achieve complete skin regeneration. This study provides a new access for complete cutaneous wound regeneration via a genipin crosslinked dual-sensitive hydrogel loading hUCMSCs derived exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Shiqiang Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Weifan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Ziting Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Renjun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Zhaojin Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
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102
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Yi K, Rong Y, Huang L, Tang X, Zhang Q, Wang W, Wu J, Wang F. Aptamer-Exosomes for Tumor Theranostics. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1418-1429. [PMID: 33755415 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As carriers of biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids) from parent cells, exosomes play a significant role in physiology and pathology. In any diseased state, the morphology of the released exosomes remained similar. The contents of exosomes change depending on the disease or its stage; thus, exosomes are generally considered as a "source of biomarkers". Therefore, they are considered promising biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. As natural delivery vehicles, exosomes can protect their cargo from immune clearance and deliver them to other cells through membrane fusion. After being genetically edited at the cell or exosome level, exosomes can be used for treatment with aptamers. Aptamers are short stretches of oligonucleotide sequences or short polypeptides that have been selected in vitro or in vivo, and have a wide range of targets and show excellent binding affinity and specificity. Aptamers have been widely used as molecular probes, and the combination of aptamers with exosomes has become a new direction for exosome-related research and therapeutic development. Here, we summarized various applications of exosomes and aptamers in cancer research, and further analyzed their combination as an "aptamer-exosome". Finally, we propose future directions for the aptamer-exosome in the precise diagnosis or personalized treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhen Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Rong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Lanxiang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jianyuan Wu
- Clinical Trial Center of Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
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103
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Qian Z, Bai Y, Zhou J, Li L, Na J, Fan Y, Guo X, Liu H. A moisturizing chitosan-silk fibroin dressing with silver nanoparticles-adsorbed exosomes for repairing infected wounds. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:7197-7212. [PMID: 32633312 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01100b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Refractory wounds caused by microbial infection impede wound healing, vascular regeneration, nerve system repair and the regeneration of other skin appendages. In addition, large-area infected wounds cause the appearance of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains, which pose a major challenge both in clinical and scientific research. Although many stem cell-derived exosomes have been demonstrated to promote skin repair and regeneration, exosomes are seldom applied in the treatment of infective wounds due to the lack of antimicrobial function. In this study, we fabricated an asymmetric wettable dressing with a composite of exosomes and silver nanoparticles (CTS-SF/SA/Ag-Exo dressing) for promoting angiogenesis, nerve repair and infected wound healing. The CTS-SF/SA/Ag-Exo dressing possesses multifunctional properties including broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, promoting wound healing, retaining moisture and maintaining electrolyte balance. It can effectively inhibit the growth of bacterial and promote the proliferation of human fibroblasts in vitro. Moreover, the in vivo results show that the CTS-SF/SA/Ag-Exo dressing enhanced wound healing by accelerating collagen deposition, angiogenesis and nerve repair in a P. aeruginosa infected mouse skin wound defect model. We hope that this dressing will provide a solution for the repair of infected wounds for treatments in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Qian
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yating Bai
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Na
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ximin Guo
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
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104
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Zhao M, Shi J, Cai W, Liu K, Shen K, Li Z, Wang Y, Hu D. Advances on Graphene-Based Nanomaterials and Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Applied in Cutaneous Wound Healing. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2647-2665. [PMID: 33854313 PMCID: PMC8040697 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s300326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene is a new type of carbon nanomaterial discovered after fullerene and carbon nanotube. Due to the excellent biological properties such as biocompatibility, cell proliferation stimulating, and antibacterial properties, graphene and its derivatives have become emerging candidates for the development of novel cutaneous wound dressings and composite scaffolds. On the other hand, pre-clinical research on exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exos) has been intensified for cell-free treatment in wound healing and cutaneous regeneration, via ameliorating the damaged microenvironment of the wound site. Here, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the latest studies and observations on the various effects of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) and MSC-Exos during the cutaneous wound repair process, as well as the putative mechanisms thereof. In addition, we propose the possible forward directions of GBNs and MSC-Exos applications, expecting to promote the clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jihong Shi
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weixia Cai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaituo Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kuo Shen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zichao Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunchuan Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China
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105
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Lyu T, Zhang B, Li M, Jiao X, Song Y. Research progress on exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in hematological malignancies. Hematol Oncol 2021; 39:162-169. [PMID: 32869900 PMCID: PMC8246925 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a subset of multifunctional stem cells with self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation properties that play a pivotal role in tumor progression. MSCs are reported to exert biological functions by secreting specialized vesicles, known as exosomes, with tumor cells. Exosomes participate in material and information exchange between cells and are crucial in multiple physiological and pathological processes. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the roles, mechanisms of action and sources of MSC exosomes in hematological malignancies, and different tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Lyu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Binglei Zhang
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengjia Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueli Jiao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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106
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Dong B, Wang C, Zhang J, Zhang J, Gu Y, Guo X, Zuo X, Pan H, Hsu ACY, Wang G, Wang F. Exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells attenuate the inflammation of severe steroid-resistant asthma by reshaping macrophage polarization. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:204. [PMID: 33761997 PMCID: PMC7988945 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe, steroid-resistant asthma (SSRA) is a serious clinical problem in asthma management. Affected patients have severe clinical symptoms, worsened quality of life, and do not respond to steroid, a mainstay steroid treatment of asthma. Thus, effective therapies are urgently needed. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cell (MSC-Exo) has become attractive candidates for the lung inflammatory diseases through its immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we explored the therapeutic effects of MSC-Exo in SSRA and identified the therapeutic mechanism of MSC-Exo. METHOD Exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and flow cytometry analysis. Effects of MSC-Exo on airway hyper responsiveness (AHR), inflammation, histopathology, and macrophage polarization in SSRA in mice were evaluated. Systematic depletion of macrophages determined the role of macrophages in the therapeutic effect of SSRA in mice. LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell model was constructed to determine the underlying mechanism of MSC-Exo on macrophage polarization. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the expression of M1 or M2 markers. Tandem mass tags (TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomics were applied to explore the central protein during the regulation effect of MSC-Exo on macrophage polarization. Knockdown and overexpression of TRAF1 were used to further clarify the role of the central protein on macrophage polarization. RESULT We successfully isolated and characterized exosomes from hUCMSCs. We verified that the intratracheal administration of MSC-Exo reversed AHR, histopathology changes, and inflammation in SSRA mice. Systematic depletion of macrophages weakened the therapeutic effect of MSC-Exo. We found that MSC-Exo treatment inhibited M1 polarization and promoted M2 polarization in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Subsequently, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) was determined as the central protein which may be closely related to the regulation of macrophage polarization from TMT-labeled quantitative proteomics analysis. Knockdown and overexpression of TRAF1 demonstrated that the effect of MSC-Exo treatment on macrophage polarization, NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling was dependent on TRAF1. CONCLUSION MSC-Exo can ameliorate SSRA by moderating inflammation, which is achieved by reshaping macrophage polarization via inhibition of TRAF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Dong
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jinrong Zhang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yinuo Gu
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiaoping Guo
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xu Zuo
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - He Pan
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Alan Chen-Yu Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute and the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogeny Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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107
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Dong X, Shen LH, Yi Z, He LH, Yi Z. Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Can Prevent Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e929684. [PMID: 33690263 PMCID: PMC7958499 DOI: 10.12659/msm.929684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment measures of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a worldwide challenge in oral and maxillofacial surgery because of its unclear pathogenesis. Previous studies suggested that mesenchymal stem cells played important roles in promoting MRONJ lesion healing, but the detailed mechanisms were unknown. Increasing numbers of studies have demonstrated that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells, especially adipose-derived stem cells, have key roles in stem cell-based therapies by accelerating bone remodeling, facilitating angiogenesis, and promoting wound healing. We hypothesized that exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells can prevent MRONJ by accelerating gingival healing and enhancing bone remodeling processes. Our results may provide a promising therapeutic option for MRONJ clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Dong
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Li-Hang Shen
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zheng Yi
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Lin-Hai He
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zhang Yi
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China (mainland)
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108
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Qiu X, Zhang J, Cao L, Jiao Q, Zhou J, Yang L, Zhang H, Wei Y. Antifouling Antioxidant Zwitterionic Dextran Hydrogels as Wound Dressing Materials with Excellent Healing Activities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7060-7069. [PMID: 33543622 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels as wound dressings have received great attention in recent years. It is highly important yet challenging to develop hydrogel dressings that are biocompatible and that can promote wound healing by lowering the risk of inflammatory responses. In this work, we designed and prepared zwitterionic dextran-based hydrogels using carboxybetaine dextran (CB-Dex) and sulfobetaine dextran (SB-Dex) as raw materials, respectively. The efficacy of CB-Dex and SB-Dex hydrogels in promoting wound recovery was evaluated using a mouse skin wound model. Results suggested that the zwitterionic dextran wound dressings showed a faster healing rate than natural dextran hydrogel and a commercial wound dressing (Duoderm film) due to their excellent protein resistance and capacity to scavenge free hydroxyl radicals. In addition, both CB-Dex and SB-Dex hydrogel wound dressings showed excellent cytocompatibility with NIH3T3 and L929 cells, as well as antibacterial adhesion against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, both zwitterionic hydrogels demonstrated self-healing properties and can be stretched to adapt to irregular full-thickness wound beds. More importantly, they can be removed from the wound site painlessly by washing with normal saline. Overall, this work provided a new pathway to fabricate multifunctional polysaccharide hydrogels for wound treatment and pain relief when changing wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Lilong Cao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Qin Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Junhao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yuping Wei
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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109
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Extracellular vesicles from GPNMB-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuate bone loss in an ovariectomized rat model. Life Sci 2021; 272:119208. [PMID: 33582177 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The efficacy of anti-osteoporotic treatments is still limited. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) overexpressing glycoprotein non-melanoma clone B (GPNMB) on osteoporosis (OP). MAIN METHODS Lentiviral vector for GPNMB overexpression or its negative control was generated and transfected into BMSCs. EVs enriched with GPNMB (GPNMB-EVs) were extracted from GPNMB-modified BMSC-conditioned medium and then identified. Cellular uptake and proliferation were analyzed using the Dil-labeled assay and CCK-8 assay, respectively. Cytochemical staining, western blot, and RT-qPCR analysis were performed to assess the effect of GPNMB-EVs on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) as the inhibitor was applied to explore the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway involved in the GPNMB-EV-induced osteogenic differentiation. In vivo experiments were conducted using an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and then assessed the effect of GPNMB-EVs by micro-CT, and histological and immunohistochemical assays. KEY FINDINGS GPNMB-EVs were taken up by BMSCs, and they noticeably promoted the proliferation of BMSCs. Additionally, GPNMB-EVs activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling to stimulate osteogenesis in BMSCs. In vivo examination showed that GPNMB-EVs remarkably improved trabecular bone regeneration and alleviated the osteoporotic phenotype in the OVX-induced rat model of OP. SIGNIFICANCE EVs derived from GPNMB-modified BMSCs significantly stimulated the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and attenuated the bone loss in the OVX-induced rat model of OP. Our findings suggest the promising potential of GPNMB-EVs as cell-free therapy for the treatment of OP.
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110
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Shi J, Zhao YC, Niu ZF, Fan HJ, Hou SK, Guo XQ, Sang L, Lv Q. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles in the treatment of human diseases: Progress and prospect. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:49-63. [PMID: 33584979 PMCID: PMC7859991 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that could differentiate into multiple tissues. MSC-based therapy has become an attractive and promising strategy for treating human diseases through immune regulation and tissue repair. However, accumulating data have indicated that MSC-based therapeutic effects are mainly attributed to the properties of the MSC-sourced secretome, especially small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). sEVs are signaling vehicles in intercellular communication in normal or pathological conditions. sEVs contain natural contents, such as proteins, mRNA, and microRNAs, and transfer these functional contents to adjacent cells or distant cells through the circulatory system. MSC-sEVs have drawn much attention as attractive agents for treating multiple diseases. The properties of MSC-sEVs include stability in circulation, good biocompatibility, and low toxicity and immunogenicity. Moreover, emerging evidence has shown that MSC-sEVs have equal or even better treatment efficacies than MSCs in many kinds of disease. This review summarizes the current research efforts on the use of MSC-sEVs in the treatment of human diseases and the existing challenges in their application from lab to clinical practice that need to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shi
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Biomaterials and Regenrative Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhao
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Biomaterials and Regenrative Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Niu
- General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hao-Jun Fan
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Biomaterials and Regenrative Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shi-Ke Hou
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Biomaterials and Regenrative Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Guo
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Biomaterials and Regenrative Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lu Sang
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Biomaterials and Regenrative Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qi Lv
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Biomaterials and Regenrative Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
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111
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Wei W, Ao Q, Wang X, Cao Y, Liu Y, Zheng SG, Tian X. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Promising Biological Tool in Nanomedicine. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:590470. [PMID: 33716723 PMCID: PMC7944140 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.590470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As nano-scale biological vesicles, extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes, in particular, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exosomes), have been studied in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of many diseases. In addition, through the combination of nanotechnology and biotechnology, exosomes have emerged as innovative tools for the development of nanomedicine. This review focuses on a profound summarization of MSC-exosomes as a powerful tool in bionanomedicine. It systemically summarizes the role of MSC-exosomes as a nanocarrier, drug loading and tissue engineering, and their potential contribution in a series of diseases as well as the advantages of exosomes over stem cells and synthetic nanoparticles and potential disadvantages. The in-depth understanding of the functions and mechanisms of exosomes provides insights into the basic research and clinical transformation in the field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wumei Wei
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Fundamental Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Ao
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Fundamental Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Fundamental Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanying Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Xiaohong Tian
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Fundamental Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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112
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Liu Y, Zhuang X, Yu S, Yang N, Zeng J, Liu X, Chen X. Exosomes derived from stem cells from apical papilla promote craniofacial soft tissue regeneration by enhancing Cdc42-mediated vascularization. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:76. [PMID: 33482924 PMCID: PMC7821694 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02151-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reconstruction of complex critical-size defects (CSD) in the craniofacial region is a major challenge, and soft tissue regeneration is crucial in determining the therapeutic outcomes of craniofacial CSD. Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) are neural crest-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are homologous to cells in craniofacial tissue and represent a promising source for craniofacial tissue regeneration. Exosomes, which contain compound bioactive compounds, are the key factors in stem cell paracrine action. However, the roles of exosomes derived from SCAP (SCAP-Exo) in tissue regeneration are not fully understood. Here, we explored the effects and underlying mechanisms of SCAP-Exo on CSD in maxillofacial soft tissue. Methods SCAP-Exo were isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The effects of SCAP-Exo on wound healing and vascularization were detected by measuring the wound area and performing histological and immunofluorescence analysis on the palatal gingival CSD of mice. Real-time live-cell imaging and functional assays were used to assess the effects of SCAP-Exo on the biological functions of endothelial cells (ECs). Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of SCAP-Exo-mediated EC angiogenesis in vitro were tested by immunofluorescence staining, Western blot, and pull-down assays. Finally, in vivo experiments were carried out to verify whether SCAP-Exo could affect vascularization and wound healing through cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42). Results We found that SCAP-Exo promoted tissue regeneration of palatal gingival CSD by enhancing vascularization in the early phase in vivo and that SCAP-Exo improved the angiogenic capacity of ECs in vitro. Mechanistically, SCAP-Exo elevated cell migration by improving cytoskeletal reorganization of ECs via Cdc42 signalling. Furthermore, we revealed that SCAP-Exo transferred Cdc42 into the cytoplasm of ECs and that the Cdc42 protein could be reused directly by recipient ECs, which resulted in the activation of Cdc42-dependent filopodium formation and elevation in cell migration of ECs. Conclusion This study demonstrated that SCAP-Exo had a superior effect on angiogenesis and effectively promoted craniofacial soft tissue regeneration. These data provide a new option for SCAP-Exo to be used in a cell-free approach to optimize tissue regeneration in the clinic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02151-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueying Zhuang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Si Yu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Jianhong Zeng
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110002, China. .,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China.
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113
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Bone marrow stromal cells stimulated by strontium-substituted calcium silicate ceramics: release of exosomal miR-146a regulates osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:444-457. [PMID: 33129987 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dual-functional regulation for angiogenesis and osteogenesis is crucial for desired bone regeneration especially in large-sized bone defects. Exosomes have been demonstrated to facilitate bone regeneration through enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Moreover, functional stimulation to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was reported to further boost the pro-angiogenic ability of exosomes secreted. However, whether the stimulation by bioactive trace elements of biomaterials could enhance pro-angiogenic capability of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes and consequently promote in vivo vascularized bone regeneration has not been investigated. In this study, strontium-substituted calcium silicate (Sr-CS) was chosen and the biological function of BMSCs-derived exosomes after Sr-CS stimulation (Sr-CS-Exo) was systemically investigated. The results showed that Sr-CS-Exo could significantly promote in vitro angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), which might be attributed to elevated pro-angiogenic miR-146a cargos and inhibition of Smad4 and NF2 proteins. Moreover, the in vivo study confirmed that Sr-CS-Exo possessed superior pro-angiogenic ability, which contributed to the accelerated developmental vascularization in zebrafish along with the neovascularization and bone regeneration in rat distal femur defects. Our findings may provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying Sr-containing biomaterials-induced angiogenesis, and for the first time, proposed that Sr-CS-Exo may serve as the candidate engineered-exosomes with dual-functional regulation for angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vascularized bone regeneration.
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114
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Lou P, Liu S, Xu X, Pan C, Lu Y, Liu J. Extracellular vesicle-based therapeutics for the regeneration of chronic wounds: current knowledge and future perspectives. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:42-56. [PMID: 33161186 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wounds are still an intractable medical problem for both clinicians and researchers and cause a substantial social and medical burden. Current clinical approaches can only manage wounds but have limited capacity to promote the regeneration of chronic wounds. As a type of natural nanovesicle, extracellular vesicles (EVs) from multiple cell types (e.g., stem cells, immune cells, and skin cells) have been shown to participate in all stages of skin wound healing including inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, and display beneficial roles in promoting wound repair. Moreover, EVs can be further re-engineered with genetic/chemical or scaffold material-based strategies for enhanced skin regeneration. In this review, we provide an overview of EV biology and discuss the current findings regarding the roles of EVs in chronic wound healing, particularly in immune regulation, cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling, as well as the therapeutic effects of EVs on chronic wounds by genetic modification, in combination with functionalized biomaterials, and as drug carriers. We also discuss the challenges and perspectives of translating EV-based therapies into clinical wound care in the future.
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115
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Youssef El Baradie KB, Hamrick MW. Therapeutic application of extracellular vesicles for musculoskeletal repair & regeneration. Connect Tissue Res 2021; 62:99-114. [PMID: 32602385 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2020.1781102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic musculoskeletal injuries are common in both the civilian and combat care settings. Significant barriers exist to repairing these injuries including fracture nonunion, muscle fibrosis, re-innervation, and compartment syndrome, as well as infection and inflammation. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, have attracted attention in the field of musculoskeletal regeneration. These vesicles are released by different cell types and play a vital role in cell communication by delivering functional cargoes such as proteins and RNAs. Many of these cargo molecules can be utilized for repair purposes in skeletal disorders such as osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, sarcopenia, and fracture healing. There are, however, some challenges to overcome in order to advance the successful application of these vesicles in the therapeutic setting. These include large-scale production and isolation of exosomes, long-term storage, in vivo stability, and strategies for tissue-specific targeting and delivery. This paper reviews the general characteristics of exosomes along with their physiological roles and contribution to the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal diseases. We also highlight new findings on the use of synthetic exosomes to overcome the limitations of native exosomes in treating musculoskeletal injuries and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark W Hamrick
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University , Augusta, GA, USA
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116
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Kong Y, Hou Z, Zhou L, Zhang P, Ouyang Y, Wang P, Chen Y, Luo X. Injectable Self-Healing Hydrogels Containing CuS Nanoparticles with Abilities of Hemostasis, Antibacterial activity, and Promoting Wound Healing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 7:335-349. [PMID: 33371671 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Injectable self-healing hydrogels containing functional nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted much attention in many fields of biomedicine. A series of injectable self-healing hydrogels containing PEGylation CuS NPs based on N-carboxyethyl chitosan (CEC) and oxidized sodium alginate (OA) were developed by taking advantages of the unique functions of CuS NPs and chitosan, referred to as CuS NP hydrogels or CEC-OAm-CuSn, where "m" stands for the concentration percentage of the added OA solution (w/v) and "n" represents the molar concentration of CuS NPs in the hydrogels. The physical properties of CuS NP hydrogels, syringeability, rapid self-repair ability, and photothermal performance were systematically investigated. The multiple functions for CuS NP hydrogels requested in the skin healing process were explored. The results showed that CuS NP hydrogels had not only adjustable physical properties and good injectable self-healing characteristics but also excellent functionalities, concurrently including hemostatic ability, bacteria killing capability, and cell migration and proliferation promotion. In vivo wound healing and histomorphological examinations of immunofluorescence staining in a mouse full-thickness wound model demonstrated good acceleration effects of these hydrogels for infected wound healing. Therefore, these injectable self-healing CuS NP hydrogels which possess the abilities of hemostasis, antibacterial activity, and infected-wound healing promotion exhibit great potential as in situ wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Kong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Zishuo Hou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Liangqin Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Panfeng Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Yaowen Ouyang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Peiwen Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Yuanwei Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Xianglin Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.,State Key Lab of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
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117
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Bai Q, Han K, Dong K, Zheng C, Zhang Y, Long Q, Lu T. Potential Applications of Nanomaterials and Technology for Diabetic Wound Healing. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9717-9743. [PMID: 33299313 PMCID: PMC7721306 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s276001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic wound shows delayed and incomplete healing processes, which in turn exposes patients to an environment with a high risk of infection. This article has summarized current developments of nanoparticles/hydrogels and nanotechnology used for promoting the wound healing process in either diabetic animal models or patients with diabetes mellitus. These nanoparticles/hydrogels promote diabetic wound healing by loading bioactive molecules (such as growth factors, genes, proteins/peptides, stem cells/exosomes, etc.) and non-bioactive substances (metal ions, oxygen, nitric oxide, etc.). Among them, smart hydrogels (a very promising method for loading many types of bioactive components) are currently favored by researchers. In addition, nanoparticles/hydrogels can be combined with some technology (including PTT, LBL self-assembly technique and 3D-printing technology) to treat diabetic wound repair. By reviewing the recent literatures, we also proposed new strategies for improving multifunctional treatment of diabetic wounds in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Que Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi710072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Han
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi710072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi710072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi710072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi710072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianfa Long
- Mini-Invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingli Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi710072, People’s Republic of China
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118
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Liu J, Qiu X, Lv Y, Zheng C, Dong Y, Dou G, Zhu B, Liu A, Wang W, Zhou J, Liu S, Liu S, Gao B, Jin Y. Apoptotic bodies derived from mesenchymal stem cells promote cutaneous wound healing via regulating the functions of macrophages. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:507. [PMID: 33246491 PMCID: PMC7694913 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the major interface between the body and the external environment, the skin is liable to various injuries. Skin injuries often lead to severe disability, and the exploration of promising therapeutic strategies is of great importance. Exogenous mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is a potential strategy due to the apparent therapeutic effects, while the underlying mechanism is still elusive. Interestingly, we observed the extensive apoptosis of exogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in a short time after transplantation in mouse skin wound healing models. Considering the roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in intercellular communication, we hypothesized that the numerous apoptotic bodies (ABs) released during apoptosis may partially contribute to the therapeutic effects. METHODS ABs derived from MSCs were extracted, characterized, and applied in mouse skin wound healing models, and the therapeutic effects were evaluated. Then, the target cells of ABs were explored, and the effects of ABs on macrophages were investigated in vitro. RESULTS We found ABs derived from MSCs promoted cutaneous wound healing via triggering the polarization of macrophages towards M2 phenotype. In addition, the functional converted macrophages further enhanced the migration and proliferation abilities of fibroblasts, which together facilitated the wound healing process. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our study demonstrated that transplanted MSCs promoted cutaneous wound healing partially through releasing apoptotic bodies which could convert the macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype that plays a crucial role in the tissue repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yajie Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Dermatology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Chenxi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Geng Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Tibet Military Region, Lhasa, 850007, Tibet, China
| | - Anqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology& National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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119
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Cha H, Hong S, Park JH, Park HH. Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Nanovesicles: Promotion of Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Anti-Senescence for Treatment of Wound Damage and Skin Ageing. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1135. [PMID: 33255430 PMCID: PMC7761250 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, are nano-sized vesicles derived from endocytic membranes and contain biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, RNAs, and DNAs for the transfer of signals to recipient cells, playing significant roles in cell-to-cell communication. Discovery of exosomes has attracted attention for possible use as next generation therapies in clinical applications; however, several studies suggest that cells secrete exosomes that perform as mediators in the tumor niche and play several roles in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Recently, stem cell-derived exosomes have been suggested as a desirable source for regenerative medicine due to their roles in the promotion of angiogenesis via migratory and proliferative mechanisms. This review is aimed at demonstrating the present knowledge of stem cell-derived exosomes and cell-engineered nanovesicles (CNVs) as proliferative, migratory, and anti-senescent therapeutic biomaterial for use in tissue regeneration; wound healing and anti-ageing are explained. We conclude this review by discussing the future perspectives of stem cell-derived exosomes and CNVs as a platform in therapeutic strategies for treatment of wound damage and skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjin Cha
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Seyoung Hong
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biohealth-Machinery Convergence Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Ju Hyun Park
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Hee Ho Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biohealth-Machinery Convergence Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea;
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Gangwon-do, Korea
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120
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Wu D, Kang L, Tian J, Wu Y, Liu J, Li Z, Wu X, Huang Y, Gao B, Wang H, Wu Z, Qiu G. Exosomes Derived from Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells with the Stimulation of Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles and Static Magnetic Field Enhance Wound Healing Through Upregulated miR-21-5p. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7979-7993. [PMID: 33116513 PMCID: PMC7585514 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s275650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Both magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and exosomes derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-Exos) have been reported to improve wound healing. In this study, novel exosomes (mag-BMSC-Exos) would be fabricated from BMSCs with the stimulation of MNPs and a static magnetic field (SMF) to further enhance wound repair. Methods Mag-BMSC-Exos, namely, exosomes derived from BMSCs preconditioned with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a SMF, together with BMSC-Exos were both first isolated by ultracentrifugation, respectively. Afterwards, we conducted in vitro experiments, including scratch wound assays, transwell assays, and tube formation assays, and established an in vivo wound healing model. The miRNA expression profiles were compared between BMSC-Exos and mag-BMSC-Exos to detect the potential mechanism of improving wound healing. At last, the function of exosomal miR-21-5p during wound healing was confirmed by utilizing a series of gain- and loss-of-function experiments in vitro. Results The optimal working magnetic condition was 50 µg/mL Fe3O4 nanoparticles combined with 100 mT SMF. In vitro, mag-BMSC-Exo administration promoted proliferation, migration and angiogenesis to a greater extent than BMSC-Exo administration. Local transplantation of mag-BMSC-Exos into rat skin wounds resulted in accelerated wound closure, narrower scar widths and enhanced angiogenesis compared with BMSC-Exo transplantation. Notably, miR-21-5p was found to be highly enriched in mag-BMSC-Exos and served as a critical mediator in mag-BMSC-Exo-induced regulatory effects through inhibition of SPRY2 and activation of the PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Conclusion Mag-BMSC-Exos can further enhance wound healing than BMSC-Exos by improving angiogenesis and fibroblast function, and miR-21-5p upregulation in mag-BMSC-Exos might be the potential mechanism. This work offers an effective and promising protocol to improve wound healing in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Kang
- Medical Science Research Center (MRC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Medical Science Research Center (MRC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhao Wu
- Medical Science Research Center (MRC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieying Liu
- Medical Science Research Center (MRC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyao Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Gao
- Umibio (Shanghai) Co. Ltd, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Medical Science Research Center (MRC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Bone and Joint Disease, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixing Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
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121
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Shi Q, Huo N, Wang X, Yang S, Wang J, Zhang T. Exosomes from oral tissue stem cells: biological effects and applications. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:108. [PMID: 32944222 PMCID: PMC7490964 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As natural nanoparticles, exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles that are enclosed by a lipid bilayer and contain various cargos, including miRNA, mRNA, DNA and proteins. Exosomes have rapidly gained attention as a highly promising cell-free therapy. Because the cargo of exosomes changes with the changes in parent cells and status, exosomes from different types of cells may exhibit different biological effects. Considering the particularity of oral tissue stem cells, their exosomes were isolated and used to examine their related biological functions and the possibility of replacing stem cells. A variety of exosomes of oral tissue stem cells were studied, and the results revealed many special biological characteristics of these exosomes and their parent cells, especially immunomodulation, osteogenesis, odontogenesis, neuroprotection, nerve regeneration, wound healing, skin regeneration and vascularization. The oral tissue stem cell exosomes may be loaded with drugs or genes and act as tools for tumor treatment. The relevant results showed that exosomes from oral tissue stem cells were potent therapeutic tools. The present review focuses on the biological function and application of oral tissue stem cell-derived exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Shi
- Institute of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Na Huo
- Institute of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Xing Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030001 China.,Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Institute of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Institute of Stomatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
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Wang T, Jian Z, Baskys A, Yang J, Li J, Guo H, Hei Y, Xian P, He Z, Li Z, Li N, Long Q. MSC-derived exosomes protect against oxidative stress-induced skin injury via adaptive regulation of the NRF2 defense system. Biomaterials 2020; 257:120264. [PMID: 32791387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major cause of skin injury induced by damaging stimuli such as UV radiation. Currently, owing to their immunomodulatory properties, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo), as a nanotherapeutic agent, have attracted considerable attention. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects of MSC-Exo on oxidative injury in H2O2-stimulated epidermal keratinocytes and UV-irradiated wild type and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) knocked down cell and animal models. Our findings showed that MSC-Exo treatment reduced reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage, aberrant calcium signaling, and mitochondrial changes in H2O2-stimulated keratinocytes or UV-irradiated mice skin. Exosome therapy also improved antioxidant capacities shown by increased ferric ion reducing antioxidant power and glutathione peroxidase or superoxide dismutase activities in oxidative stress-induced cell and skin injury. In addition, it alleviated cellular and histological responses to inflammation and oxidation in cell or animal models. Furthermore, the NRF2 signaling pathway was involved in the antioxidation activity of MSC-Exo, while Nrf2 knockdown attenuated the antioxidant capacities of MSC-Exo in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that these effects are partially mediated by the NRF2 signaling pathway. These results indicate that MSC-Exo can repair oxidative stress-induced skin injury via adaptive regulation of the NRF2 defense system. Thus, MSC-Exo may be used as a potential dermatological nanotherapeutic agent for treating oxidative stress-induced skin diseases or disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Zhe Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.17 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Andrius Baskys
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China; Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Junle Yang
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Jianying Li
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Hua Guo
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Yue Hei
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.17 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Panpan Xian
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Zhongzheng He
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Zhengyu Li
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Namiao Li
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Qianfa Long
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China.
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Cavallero S, Riccobono D, Drouet M, François S. MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: New Emergency Treatment to Limit the Development of Radiation-Induced Hematopoietic Syndrome? HEALTH PHYSICS 2020; 119:21-36. [PMID: 32384375 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear accidents or acts of terrorism involving radioactive sources might lead to mass casualties irradiation. The hematopoietic system is one of the most critical and radiation-sensitive tissues because the limited life span of blood cells requires the continuous division of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into the bone marrow. The radiation-induced hematopoietic syndrome, RI-HS, is an impairment of the hematopoiesis that will result in pancytopenia of various degrees. In fact, treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is considered as a valuable adjunct to treatment controls in some irradiated patients. Nevertheless, these overexposed patients with bone marrow suppression have minimal medullary territories that do not allow complete recovery of hematopoiesis but lead to significant immunoreactivity following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The high morbidity and mortality of these overexposed patients is a reminder of the lack of effective treatment for hematopoietic syndrome. During the last 20 y, a therapeutic approach for mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) has been proposed for the management of accidentally irradiated victims. Many preclinical animal studies have shown that MSC, mainly by their secretory activity, in particular extracellular vesicles (EVs), contribute to the control of inflammation and promote regeneration of tissues by accelerating angiogenesis and re-epithelialization processes. Therefore, we investigated the potential effect of EVs on the reduction of early bone marrow ionization toxicity, early anti-apoptotic therapy, and vascular protection in the RI-HS model. The main purpose is to propose an innovative treatment of non-patient-specific RI-HS emergency treatment in order to limit allogeneic HSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Cavallero
- DEBR/Rad Unit/ Biomedical Research Institute of the Armed Forces, 1 place du général Valérie André, 91223 Brétigny sur orge, France
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124
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Zhang Y, Han F, Gu L, Ji P, Yang X, Liu M, Tao K, Hu D. Adipose mesenchymal stem cell exosomes promote wound healing through accelerated keratinocyte migration and proliferation by activating the AKT/HIF-1α axis. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:375-383. [PMID: 32556903 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09887-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Accelerating wound healing is a key consideration for surgeons. The three stages of wound healing include the inflammatory response, cell proliferation and tissue repair, and much research has focused on the migration and proliferation of epidermal cells, since this is one of the most important steps in wound healing. Studies have shown that adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) can promote wound healing by releasing exosomes, although the specific mechanism remains unclear. To clarify the role of adipose mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (ADSCs-exo), we constructed a HaCaT cells model and a mouse wound healing model to examine the effects of ADSCs-exo on wound healing. CCK8 assays and the scratch test showed that ADSCs-exo could promote the proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells. Western blotting and real-time PCR showed that ADSCs-exo upregulated the phosphorylation of AKT and the expression of HIF-1α in HaCaT cells. HIF-1α expression was reduced by inhibiting AKT phosphorylation,and the migration of HaCaT cells simultaneously slowed. These results were also confirmed in vivo. In conclusion, we confirmed that ADSCs-exo promote the proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells by regulating the activation of the AKT/HIF-1α signaling pathway, thus promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Lan Gu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xuekang Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Mengdong Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ke Tao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
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125
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Chi J, Zhang X, Chen C, Shao C, Zhao Y, Wang Y. Antibacterial and angiogenic chitosan microneedle array patch for promoting wound healing. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:253-259. [PMID: 32128464 PMCID: PMC7044469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A patch with the capability of avoiding wound infection and promoting tissue remolding is of great value for wound healing. In this paper, we develop a biomass chitosan microneedle array (CSMNA) patch integrated with smart responsive drug delivery for promoting wound healing. Chitosan possesses many outstanding features such as the natural antibacterial property and has been widely utilized for wound healing. Besides, the microstructure of microneedles enables the effective delivery of loaded drugs into the target area and avoids the excessive adhesion between the skin and the patch. Also, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is encapsulated in the micropores of CSMNA by temperature sensitive hydrogel. Therefore, the smart release of the drugs can be controllably realized via the temperature rising induced by the inflammation response at the site of wounds. It is demonstrated that the biomass CSMNA patch can promote inflammatory inhibition, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration during the wound closure. Thus, this versatile CSMNA patch is potentially valuable for wound healing in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Chi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Canwen Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Changmin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yongan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
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126
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Ye JP, Gong JS, Su C, Liu YG, Jiang M, Pan H, Li RY, Geng Y, Xu ZH, Shi JS. Fabrication and characterization of high molecular keratin based nanofibrous membranes for wound healing. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 194:111158. [PMID: 32540765 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Keratin is widely used in the biomaterial application, but the keratin prepared by the physical or chemical approach has relatively low molecular weight and mechanical properties. Here we report the preparation of high molecular keratin (HMK) with molecular weight of 120 kDa via multi-enzyme cascade pathway and its application in wound healing. Briefly, we prepared the soluble keratin from wool by keratinase and improved the molecular weight of keratin by transglutaminase (TGase). The HMK was coelectrospun with poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) (PHBV) and the prepared nanofibrous mats demonstrated improved mechanical properties. Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized on the nanofibers via in situ bioreduction, using the above-mentioned keratinase as the reducing agent. It is demonstrated that the PHBV/HMK/AgNPs nanofibrous mats possess favorable antibacterial properties and good biocompatibility. Moreover, in vivo wound healing assessment, the PHBV/HMK/AgNPs membrane displayed better wound healing ability than the control group. These results indicate that PHBV/HMK/AgNPs mats exhibit significant potential in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Peng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China.
| | - Chang Su
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China
| | - Yan-Ge Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China
| | - Huaping Pan
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology Research Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang330004, PR China
| | - Rui-Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China
| | - Yan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi214122, PR China.
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127
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Shedding Light on the Role of Extracellular Vesicles in HIV Infection and Wound Healing. Viruses 2020; 12:v12060584. [PMID: 32471020 PMCID: PMC7354510 DOI: 10.3390/v12060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in intercellular communication. They are naturally released from cells into the extracellular environment. Based on their biogenesis, release pathways, size, content, and function, EVs are classified into exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), and apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs). Previous research has documented that EVs, specifically exosomes and MVs, play an important role in HIV infection, either by promoting HIV infection and pathogenesis or by inhibiting HIV-1 to a certain extent. We have also previously reported that EVs (particularly exosomes) from vaginal fluids inhibit HIV at the post-entry step (i.e., reverse transcription, integration). Besides the role that EVs play in HIV, they are also known to regulate the process of wound healing by regulating both the immune and inflammatory responses. It is noted that during the advanced stages of HIV infection, patients are at greater risk of wound-healing and wound-related complications. Despite ongoing research, the data on the actual effects of EVs in HIV infection and wound healing are still premature. This review aimed to update the current knowledge about the roles of EVs in regulating HIV pathogenesis and wound healing. Additionally, we highlighted several avenues of EV involvement in the process of wound healing, including coagulation, inflammation, proliferation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Understanding the role of EVs in HIV infection and wound healing could significantly contribute to the development of new and potent antiviral therapeutic strategies and approaches to resolve impaired wounds in HIV patients.
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128
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GelMA combined with sustained release of HUVECs derived exosomes for promoting cutaneous wound healing and facilitating skin regeneration. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:251-263. [PMID: 32388839 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09877-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It remains a clinical challenge for cutaneous wound healing and skin regeneration. Endothelial cells participate in the formation of blood vessels and play an important role in the whole process of wound healing. Recent studies suggested that exosomes contribute to the intercellular communication through paracrine pathways, and sustained release of exosomes from hydrogel-based materials provide a promising strategy for curing wound defects. In this study, we isolated exosomes derived from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and found that HUVECs derived exosomes (HUVECs-Exos) could promote the proliferation and migration activities of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, which are two important effector cells for skin regeneration. Then we developed gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel as the wound dressing to incorporate HUVECs-Exos and applied it to the full-thickness cutaneous wounds. It demonstrated that GelMA scaffold could not only repair the wound defect, but also achieve sustained release of exosomes. The in vivo results showed accelerated re-epithelialization, promotion of collagen maturity and improvement of angiogenesis. Collectively, our findings suggested that HUVECs-Exos could accelerate wound healing and GelMA mediated controlled release of HUVECs-Exos might offer a new method for repairing cutaneous wound defects.
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129
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Shiekh PA, Singh A, Kumar A. Exosome laden oxygen releasing antioxidant and antibacterial cryogel wound dressing OxOBand alleviate diabetic and infectious wound healing. Biomaterials 2020; 249:120020. [PMID: 32305816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lack of oxygen, reduced vascularization, elevated oxidative stress, and infection are critical clinical hallmarks of non-healing chronic diabetic wounds. Therefore, delivering oxygen, inducing angiogenesis, and management of oxidative stress and infection may provide newer and improved therapeutic avenues for better clinical outcomes in diabetic wound healing. Here, we report the development and evaluation of an exosome laden oxygen releasing antioxidant wound dressing OxOBand to promote wound closure and skin regeneration in diabetic wounds. OxOBand is composed of antioxidant polyurethane (PUAO), as highly porous cryogels with sustained oxygen releasing properties and supplemented with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) exosomes. Exosomes engulfed by the cells enhanced the migration of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts and increased the survival of human neuroblastoma cells under hyperglycemic conditions. OxOBand facilitated faster wound closure, enhanced collagen deposition, faster re-epithelialization, increased neo-vascularization, and decreased oxidative stress within two weeks as compared to untreated diabetic control wounds. The dressing promoted the development of mature epithelial structures with hair follicles and epidermal morphology similar to that of healthy skin. In clinically challenging infected diabetic wounds, these dressings prevented infection and ulceration, improved wound healing with increased collagen deposition, and re-epithelialization. Altogether, OxOBand is a remarkably newer treatment strategy for enhanced diabetic wound healing and may lead to novel therapeutic interventions for the treatment of diabetic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaiz A Shiekh
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Anamika Singh
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India; Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India; Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.
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130
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Zhang Q, Zhang H, Ning T, Liu D, Deng T, Liu R, Bai M, Zhu K, Li J, Fan Q, Ying G, Ba Y. Exosome-Delivered c-Met siRNA Could Reverse Chemoresistance to Cisplatin in Gastric Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2323-2335. [PMID: 32308384 PMCID: PMC7133545 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s231214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug resistance often occurs in the treatment of gastric cancer, which is the main cause of poor prognosis of chemotherapy. c-Met is overexpressed in a variety of tumors including gastric cancer, often leads to poor prognosis of gastric cancer, therefore regarded as a key target for the treatment of gastric cancer. This study aims to determine whether exosomes with si-c-Met could inhibit the resistance to cisplatin in gastric cancer (GC). Methods The protein expression levels of c-Met in tumor tissues and normal tissues of patients were evaluated by Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), HEK293T cells were transfected with si-c-Met, exosomes were isolated, then co-cultured with gastric cancer cell lines and confirmed that it was incorporated into the cells by transmitted electron microscopy. Functional experiments were performed to examine the inhibitory effect of exo-si-c-Met on gastric cancer cell resistance in vitro, and xenograft models were used to reveal that exo-si-c-Met can enhance the sensitivity of tumors to cisplatin in vivo. Results High expression of c-Met is associated with poor prognosis of GC patients. si-c-Met significantly inhibited migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis in vitro, which indicated that si-c-Met sensitizes the response of gastric cancer cells to cisplatin. Exo-si-c-Met sharply reduced c-Met expression in gastric cancer cells and reverse the resistance to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Our results indicate that exo-si-c-Met can inhibit the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells and promote apoptosis in vitro and inhibit tumor growth in vivo, reversing the resistance to cisplatin in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumo Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ning
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongying Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Deng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Bai
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Kegan Zhu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialu Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine Renji Hospital, Shanghai 200001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Fan
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoguang Ying
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ba
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
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131
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Yin W, Hu X. Adipose-derived stromal cells in regulation of hematopoiesis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:16. [PMID: 32161623 PMCID: PMC7059705 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00209-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) found in the bone marrow microenvironment have been considered to be important candidates in cellular therapy. However, the application of MSCs in clinical settings is limited by the difficulty and low efficiency associated with the separation of MSCs from the bone marrow. Therefore, distinct sources of MSCs have been extensively explored. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), a cell line similar to MSCs, have been identified as a promising source. ASCs have become increasingly popular in many fields, as they can be conveniently extracted from fat tissue. This review focuses on the properties of ASCs in hematopoietic regulation and the underlying mechanisms, as well as the current applications and future perspectives in ASC-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- 1Department of Transfusion Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Yunsheng Liu
- 2Department of Rocket Force Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Wen Yin
- 1Department of Transfusion Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, 710032 China
| | - Xingbin Hu
- 1Department of Transfusion Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, 710032 China
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132
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Akbari A, Jabbari N, Sharifi R, Ahmadi M, Vahhabi A, Seyedzadeh SJ, Nawaz M, Szafert S, Mahmoodi M, Jabbari E, Asghari R, Rezaie J. Free and hydrogel encapsulated exosome-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Life Sci 2020; 249:117447. [PMID: 32087234 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSCs-Ex) have attracted a lot of attention as a therapeutic tool in regenerative medicine. Exosomes are extracellular vehicles (EVs) that play important roles in cell-cell communication through various processes such as stress response, senescence, angiogenesis, and cell differentiation. Success in the field of regenerative medicine sparked exploration of the potential use of exosomes as key therapeutic effectors of MSCs to promote tissue regeneration. Various approaches including direct injection, intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection, oral administration, and hydrogel-based encapsulation have been exploited to deliver exosomes to target tissues in different disease models. Despite significant advances in exosome therapy, it is unclear which approach is more effective for administering exosomes. Herein, we critically review the emerging progress in the applications of exosomes in the form of free or association with hydrogels as therapeutic agents for applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Research Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nassrollah Jabbari
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Research Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Roholah Sharifi
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Tuberculosis and lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Vahhabi
- Department of Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyyed Javad Seyedzadeh
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sławomir Szafert
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot Curie 14, 50383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monireh Mahmoodi
- Department of biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Esmaiel Jabbari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Rahim Asghari
- Department of Oncology, Imam Khomeini hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Research Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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133
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Huang D, Ren J, Li R, Guan C, Feng Z, Bao B, Wang W, Zhou C. Tooth Regeneration: Insights from Tooth Development and Spatial-Temporal Control of Bioactive Drug Release. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:41-55. [PMID: 31834583 PMCID: PMC6987083 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Tooth defect and tooth loss are common clinical diseases in stomatology. Compared with the traditional oral restoration treatment, tooth regeneration has unique advantages and is currently the focus of oral biomedical research. It is known that dozens of cytokines/growth factors and other bioactive factors are expressed in a spatial-temporal pattern during tooth development. On the other hand, the technology for spatial-temporal control of drug release has been intensively studied and well developed recently, making control release of these bioactive factors mimicking spatial-temporal pattern more feasible than ever for the purpose of tooth regeneration. This article reviews the research progress on the tooth development and discusses the future of tooth regeneration in the context of spatial-temporal release of developmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delan Huang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhan Ren
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runze Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Guan
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicai Feng
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baicheng Bao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weicai Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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134
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Petit I, Levy A, Aberdam D. Purification of Extracellular Microvesicles Secreted by Dermal Fibroblasts. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2154:63-72. [PMID: 32314208 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0648-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by all cells are key players in information transfer within a tissue or organism. With their highly cell-specific protein and RNA content, EVs can propagate cellular signals and modulate distant cells' behavior. Dermal fibroblasts are supportive cells for all skin cells and the roles of their EVs start to come to light only recently. In this chapter, we describe a protocol to isolate small EVs from primary human fibroblast culture using classical differential centrifugation methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Petit
- INSERM U938, CRSA, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Ayelet Levy
- INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Aberdam
- INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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135
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Ullah M, Ng NN, Concepcion W, Thakor AS. Emerging role of stem cell-derived extracellular microRNAs in age-associated human diseases and in different therapies of longevity. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 57:100979. [PMID: 31704472 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organismal aging involves the progressive decline in organ function and increased susceptibility to age-associated diseases. This has been associated with the aging of stem cell populations within the body that decreases the capacity of stem cells to self-renew, differentiate, and regenerate damaged tissues and organs. This review aims to explore how aging is associated with the dysregulation of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (SCEVs) and their corresponding miRNA cargo (SCEV-miRNAs), which are short non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional regulation of target genes. Recent evidence has suggested that in aging stem cells, SCEV-miRNAs may play a vital role regulating various processes that contribute to aging: cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, telomere length, and circadian rhythm. Hence, further clarifying the age-dependent molecular mechanisms through which SCEV-miRNAs exert their downstream effects may inform a greater understanding of the biology of aging, elucidate their role in stem cell function, and identify important targets for future regenerative therapies. Additionally, current studies evaluating therapeutic role of SCEVs and SCEV-miRNAs in treating several age-associated diseases are also discussed.
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136
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Liu H, Liang Z, Wang F, Zhou C, Zheng X, Hu T, He X, Wu X, Lan P. Exosomes from mesenchymal stromal cells reduce murine colonic inflammation via a macrophage-dependent mechanism. JCI Insight 2019; 4:131273. [PMID: 31689240 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have multiple potential side effects. Therefore, alternative treatments are desperately needed. This work demonstrated that systemic administration of exosomes from human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC-Exos) substantially mitigated colitis in various models of IBD. MSC-Exos treatment downregulated inflammatory responses, maintained intestinal barrier integrity, and polarized M2b macrophages but did not favor intestinal fibrosis. Mechanistically, infused MSC-Exos acted mainly on colonic macrophages, and macrophages from colitic colons acquired obvious resistance to inflammatory restimulation when prepared from mice treated with MSC-Exos versus untreated mice. The beneficial effect of MSC-Exos was blocked by macrophage depletion. Also, the induction of IL-10 production from macrophages was partially involved in the beneficial effect of MSC-Exos. MSC-Exos were enriched in proteins involved in regulating multiple biological processes associated with the anticolitic benefit of MSC-Exos. Particularly, metallothionein-2 in MSC-Exos was required for the suppression of inflammatory responses. Taken together, MSC-Exos are critical regulators of inflammatory responses and may be promising candidates for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huashan Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chi Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaobin Zheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tuo Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaowen He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianrui Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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137
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Elia CA, Losurdo M, Malosio ML, Coco S. Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exert Pleiotropic Effects on Amyloid-β, Inflammation, and Regeneration: A Spark of Hope for Alzheimer's Disease from Tiny Structures? Bioessays 2019; 41:e1800199. [PMID: 30919493 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
No cure yet exists for devastating Alzheimer's disease (AD), despite many years and humongous efforts to find efficacious pharmacological treatments. So far, neither designing drugs to disaggregate amyloid plaques nor tackling solely inflammation turned out to be decisive. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and, in particular, extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from them could be proposed as an alternative, strategic approach to attack the pathology. Indeed, MSC-EVs-owing to their ability to deliver lipids/proteins/enzymes/microRNAs endowed with anti-inflammatory, amyloid-β degrading, and neurotrophic activities-may be exploited as therapeutic tools to restore synaptic function, prevent neuronal death, and slow down memory impairment in AD. Herein the results presented in the most recently published studies on this topic are critically evaluated, providing a strong rationale for possible employment of MSC-EVs in AD. Also see the video abstract here https://youtu.be/tBtDbnlRUhg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara A Elia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology, Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milano, 20089, Italy
| | - Morris Losurdo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, NeuroMI-Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Maria L Malosio
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology, Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milano, 20089, Italy.,CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Via Vanvitelli 32, Milano, 20129, Italy
| | - Silvia Coco
- School of Medicine and Surgery, NeuroMI-Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, Monza, 20900, Italy
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138
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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Wu L, Hua K, Ding J. Regeneration-Related Functional Cargoes in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 29:15-24. [PMID: 31691632 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEV) are the primary effective source in stem cell-dependent regenerative medicine due to their preponderances over direct MSC implantation. An increasing number of studies have been carried out on MSC-sEV derived from different types of cells, and their function of accelerating tissue repair was proved. However, only a few researches were able to demonstrate the functional cargoes in MSC-sEV or their mechanisms in promoting tissue recovery. In this review, we present current achievements in discovering MSC-sEV-carried RNAs and proteins as promoters in tissue regeneration. Their therapeutic function includes modulating immune reactivity, promoting angiogenesis, and accelerating cell proliferation and migration through orchestrates of cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics & IVF Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Ligang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Keqin Hua
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxin Ding
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
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139
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Lu J, Yang J, Zheng Y, Chen X, Fang S. Extracellular vesicles from endothelial progenitor cells prevent steroid-induced osteoporosis by suppressing the ferroptotic pathway in mouse osteoblasts based on bioinformatics evidence. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16130. [PMID: 31695092 PMCID: PMC6834614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52513-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal antioxidative capabilities were observed in the pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteoporosis (SIOP). Ferroptosis is a recently discovered type of cell death that is characterized by the overproduction of ROS in response to GPX4 and system Xc- downregulation, which is mediated by an Fe2+ fenton reaction. However, investigations focusing on the relationship between ferroptosis and steroid-induced bone disease remain limited. In the present study, high-dose dexamethasone was used to establish a mouse SIOP model, and extracellular vesicles extracted from bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC-EVs) alleviated the pathological changes in SIOP via microtomography (micro-CT), with elevations in bone volume (BV), bone surface (BS), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular connectivity density (Conn-D) and decreases in trabecular separation (Tb.sp) and the structure model index (SMI). Histopathological analysis, such as haematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson staining, showed that EPC-EVs treatment increased the volume and density of the trabecular bone and bone marrow. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics analysis revealed subcellular biological alterations upon steroid and EPC-EVs treatment. Compared with the control, high-dose dexamethasone downregulated GPX4 and system XC-, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)-based gene set enrichment analysis suggested that the ferroptotic pathway was activated. In contrast, combination treatment with EPC-EVs partly reversed the KEGG-mapped changes in the ferroptotic pathway at both the gene and mRNA expression levels. In addition, alterations in ferroptotic marker expression, such as SLC3A2, SLC7A11, and GPX4, were further confirmed by RNA-seq. EPC-EVs were able to reverse dexamethasone treatment-induced alterations in cysteine and several oxidative injury markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione disulphide (GSSG) (as detected by ELISA). In conclusion, EPC-EVs prevented mouse glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by suppressing the ferroptotic pathway in osteoblasts, which may provide a basis for novel therapies for SIOP in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsen Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Lujiang Road No. 17, 230001, Hefei, China.
| | - Jiazhao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Lujiang Road No. 17, 230001, Hefei, China
| | - Yongshun Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Lujiang Road No. 17, 230001, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road No. 81, 230032, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyuan Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Lujiang Road No. 17, 230001, Hefei, China.
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140
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Waters R, Subham S, Pacelli S, Modaresi S, Chakravarti AR, Paul A. Development of MicroRNA-146a-Enriched Stem Cell Secretome for Wound-Healing Applications. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4302-4312. [PMID: 31398053 PMCID: PMC7260687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Secretome-based therapies have the potential to become the next generation of viable therapeutic wound repair treatments. However, precise strategies aimed to refine and control the secretome composition are necessary to enhance its therapeutic efficacy and facilitate clinical translation. In this study, we aim to accomplish this by transfecting human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) with microRNA-146a, which is a potent regulator of angiogenesis and inflammation. The secretome composition obtained from the transfected hASCs (secretome146a) was characterized and compared to nontransfected hASCs secretome to evaluate changes in angiogenic and anti-inflammatory growth factor, cytokine, and miRNA content. In vitro proliferation, migration, and tubular morphogenesis assays using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were completed to monitor the proangiogenic efficacy of the secretome146a. Finally, the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the secretome146a was assessed using HUVECs that were activated to an inflammatory state by IL-1β. The resulting HUVEC gene expression and protein activity of key inflammatory mediators were evaluated before and after secretome treatment. Overall, the secretome146a contained a greater array and concentration of therapeutic paracrine molecules, which translated into a superior angiogenic and anti-inflammatory efficacy. Therefore, this represents a promising strategy to produce therapeutic secretome for the promotion of wound repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renae Waters
- BioIntel Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Siddharth Subham
- BioIntel Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Settimio Pacelli
- BioIntel Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Saman Modaresi
- BioIntel Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Aparna R. Chakravarti
- BioIntel Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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141
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Zinc-doped Prussian blue enhances photothermal clearance of Staphylococcus aureus and promotes tissue repair in infected wounds. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4490. [PMID: 31582736 PMCID: PMC6776522 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of photothermal therapy to treat bacterial infections remains a challenge, as the high temperatures required for bacterial elimination can damage healthy tissues. Here, we develop an exogenous antibacterial agent consisting of zinc-doped Prussian blue (ZnPB) that kills methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in a rat model of cutaneous wound infection. Local heat triggered by the photothermal effect accelerates the release and penetration of ions into the bacteria, resulting in alteration of intracellular metabolic pathways and bacterial killing without systemic toxicity. ZnPB treatment leads to the upregulation of genes involved in tissue remodeling, promotes collagen deposition and enhances wound repair. The efficient photothermal conversion of ZnPB allows the use of relatively few doses and low laser flux, making the platform a potential alternative to current antibiotic therapies against bacterial wound infections. Here, the authors apply transition metal doping in combination with phototermal therapy to treat Staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds, and show that release of ions by local heat enhances bacteria clearance and promotes tissue repair in a rat model of MRSA-infected wounds
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142
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Lv L, Sheng C, Zhou Y. Extracellular vesicles as a novel therapeutic tool for cell-free regenerative medicine in oral rehabilitation. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 47 Suppl 1:29-54. [PMID: 31520537 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral maxillofacial defects may always lead to complicated hard and soft tissue loss, including bone, nerve, blood vessels, teeth and skin, which are difficult to restore and severely influence the life quality of patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, are emerging as potential solutions for complex tissue regeneration through cell-free therapies. In this review, we highlight the functional roles of EVs in the regenerative medicine for oral maxillofacial rehabilitation, specifically bone, skin, blood vessels, peripheral nerve and tooth-related tissue regeneration. Publications were reviewed by two researchers independently basing on three databases (PubMed, MEDLINE and Web of Science), until 31 December 2018. Basing on current researches, we classified the origin of EVs for regenerative medicine into four categories: related cells in the regenerative niche, mesenchymal stem cells, immune cells and body fluids. The secretome of different cells are distinct, while the same cells secrete different EVs under varied conditions; therefore, the content profiles of EVs and regulatory mechanisms on target cells are compared and emphasised. By unravelling the regulatory mechanisms of EVs in tissue regeneration, modified cells and tailored EVs with specific target may be produced for precision medicine with high efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Lv
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhui Sheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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143
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Wang M, Wang C, Chen M, Xi Y, Cheng W, Mao C, Xu T, Zhang X, Lin C, Gao W, Guo Y, Lei B. Efficient Angiogenesis-Based Diabetic Wound Healing/Skin Reconstruction through Bioactive Antibacterial Adhesive Ultraviolet Shielding Nanodressing with Exosome Release. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10279-10293. [PMID: 31483606 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic wound healing and angiogenesis remain a worldwide challenge for both clinic and research. The use of adipose stromal cell derived exosomes delivered by bioactive dressing provides a potential strategy for repairing diabetic wounds with less scar formation and fast healing. In this study, we fabricated an injectable adhesive thermosensitive multifunctional polysaccharide-based dressing (FEP) with sustained pH-responsive exosome release for promoting angiogenesis and diabetic wound healing. The FEP dressing possessed multifunctional properties including efficient antibacterial activity/multidrug-resistant bacteria, fast hemostatic ability, self-healing behavior, and tissue-adhesive and good UV-shielding performance. FEP@exosomes (FEP@exo) can significantly enhance the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of endothelial cells in vitro. In vivo results from a diabetic full-thickness cutaneous wound model showed that FEP@exo dressing accelerated the wound healing by stimulating the angiogenesis process of the wound tissue. The enhanced cell proliferation, granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, remodeling, and re-epithelialization probably lead to the fast healing with less scar tissue formation and skin appendage regeneration. This study showed that combining bioactive molecules into multifunctional dressing should have great potential in achieving satisfactory healing in diabetic and other vascular-impaired related wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710000 , China
| | - Chenggui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province , Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027 , China
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery , Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310009 , China
| | - Mi Chen
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710000 , China
| | - Yuewei Xi
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710000 , China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710000 , China
| | - Cong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province , Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027 , China
| | - Tianzhen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province , Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027 , China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Department of Burn , First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325000 , China
| | - Cai Lin
- Department of Burn , First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325000 , China
| | - Weiyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province , Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou 325027 , China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Biologic and Materials Science , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Bo Lei
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710000 , China
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144
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Fetal Dermal Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Accelerate Cutaneous Wound Healing by Activating Notch Signaling. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2402916. [PMID: 31281370 PMCID: PMC6590601 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2402916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal dermal mesenchymal stem cells (FDMSCs), isolated from fetal skin, are serving as a novel MSC candidate with great potential in regenerative medicine. More recently, the paracrine actions, especially MSC-derived exosomes, are being focused on the vital role in MSC-based cellular therapy. This study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of exosomes secreted by FDMSCs in normal wound healing. First, the in vivo study indicated that FDMSC exosomes could accelerate wound closure in a mouse full-thickness skin wound model. Then, we investigated the role of FDMSC-derived exosomes on adult dermal fibroblast (ADFs). The results demonstrated that FDMSC exosomes could induce the proliferation, migration, and secretion of ADFs. We discovered that after treatment of exosomes, the Notch signaling pathway was activated. Then, we found that in FDMSC exosomes, the ligands of the Notch pathway were undetectable expect for Jagged 1, and the results of Jagged 1 mimic by peptide and knockdown by siRNA suggested that Jagged 1 may lead the activation of the Notch signal in ADFs. Collectively, our findings indicated that the FDMSC exosomes may promote wound healing by activating the ADF cell motility and secretion ability via the Notch signaling pathway, providing new aspects for the therapeutic strategy of FDMSC-derived exosomes for the treatment of skin wounds.
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145
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Exosomes from Human Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Biodegradable Chitin Conduits Promote Rat Sciatic Nerve Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2546367. [PMID: 31191669 PMCID: PMC6525800 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2546367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, repair methods for peripheral nerve injury often fail to get satisfactory result. Although various strategies have been adopted to investigate the microenvironment after peripheral nerve injury, the underlying molecular mechanisms of neurite outgrowth remain unclear. In this study, we evaluate the effects of exosomes from gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) combined with biodegradable chitin conduits on peripheral nerve regeneration. GMSCs were isolated from human gingival tissue and characterized by surface antigen analysis and in vitro multipotent differentiation. The cell supernatant was collected to isolate the exosomes. The exosomes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Western blot, and size distribution analysis. The effects of exosomes on peripheral nerve regeneration in vitro were evaluated by coculture with Schwann cells and DRGs. The chitin conduit was prepared and combined with the exosomes to repair rat sciatic nerve defect. Histology, electrophysiology, and gait analysis were used to test the effects of exosomes on sciatic nerve function recovery in vivo. We have successfully cultured GMSCs and isolated exosomes. The exosomes from GMSCs could significantly promote Schwann cell proliferation and DRG axon growth. The in vivo studies showed that chitin conduit combined with exosomes from GMSCs could significantly increase the number and diameter of nerve fibers and promote myelin formation. In addition, muscle function, nerve conduction function, and motor function were also obviously recovered. In summary, this study suggests that GMSC-derived exosomes combined with biodegradable chitin conduits are a useful and novel therapeutic intervention in peripheral nerve repair.
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Aqil F, Munagala R, Jeyabalan J, Agrawal AK, Kyakulaga AH, Wilcher SA, Gupta RC. Milk exosomes - Natural nanoparticles for siRNA delivery. Cancer Lett 2019; 449:186-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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147
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Yang G, Chen Q, Wen D, Chen Z, Wang J, Chen G, Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Hu Q, Zhang L, Gu Z. A Therapeutic Microneedle Patch Made from Hair-Derived Keratin for Promoting Hair Regrowth. ACS NANO 2019; 13:4354-4360. [PMID: 30942567 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Activating hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) to promote hair follicle regrowth holds promise for hair loss therapy, while challenges still remain to develop a scenario that enables enhanced therapeutic efficiency and easy administration. Here we describe a detachable microneedle patch-mediated drug delivery system, mainly made from hair-derived keratin, for sustained delivery of HFSC activators. It was demonstrated that this microneedle device integrated with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes and a small molecular drug, UK5099, could enhance the treatment efficiency at a reduced dosage, leading to promoted pigmentation and hair regrowth within 6 days through two rounds of administration in a mouse model. This microneedle-based transdermal drug delivery approach shows augmented efficacy compared to the subcutaneous injection of exosomes and topical administration of UK5099.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , Shanghai , 201620 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Di Wen
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Zejun Wang
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , 200031 , People's Republic of China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District , Beijing , 100101 , People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences-Changzheng Hospital Joint Center for Translational Research , Institutes for Translational Research (CAS-SMMU) , Shanghai , 200433 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
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148
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Yin H, Chen CY, Liu YW, Tan YJ, Deng ZL, Yang F, Huang FY, Wen C, Rao SS, Luo MJ, Hu XK, Liu ZZ, Wang ZX, Cao J, Liu HM, Liu JH, Yue T, Tang SY, Xie H. Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 secretes extracellular vesicles to accelerate cutaneous wound healing by promoting angiogenesis. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2678-2693. [PMID: 31131061 PMCID: PMC6525994 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor wound healing affects millions of people worldwide each year and needs better therapeutic strategies. Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is a naturally occurring photoautotrophic cyanobacterium that can be easily obtained and large-scale expanded. Here, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of this cyanobacterium in a mouse model of acute burn injury and whether the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs), important mediators of cell paracrine activity, is a key mechanism of the cyanobacterium-induced regulation of wound healing. Methods: The effects of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 on burn wound healing in mice under light or dark conditions were evaluated by measuring wound closure rates, histological and immunofluorescence analyses. A series of assays in vivo and in vitro were conducted to assess the impact of the cyanobacterium on angiogenesis. GW4869 was used to interfere with the secretion of EVs by the cyanobacterium and the abilities of the GW4869-pretreated and untreated Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 to regulate endothelial angiogenesis were compared. The direct effects of the cyanobacterium-derived EVs (S. elongatus-EVs) on angiogenesis, wound healing and expressions of a class of pro-inflammatory factors that have regulatory roles in wound healing were also examined. Results: Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 treatment under light and dark conditions both significantly promoted angiogenesis and burn wound repair in mice. In vitro, the cyanobacterium enhanced angiogenic activities of endothelial cells, but the effects were markedly blocked by GW4869 pretreatment. S. elongatus-EVs were capable of augmenting endothelial angiogenesis in vitro, and stimulating new blood vessel formation and burn wound healing in mice. The expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), which has an essential role in angiogenesis during skin wound repair, was induced in wound tissues and wound healing-related cells by S. elongatus-EVs and Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. Conclusion: Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 has the potential as a promising strategy for therapeutic angiogenesis and wound healing primarily by the delivery of functional EVs, not by its photosynthetic activity. The promotion of IL-6 expression may be a mechanism of the cyanobacterium and its EVs-induced pro-angiogenic and -wound healing effects.
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149
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Baez-Jurado E, Hidalgo-Lanussa O, Barrera-Bailón B, Sahebkar A, Ashraf GM, Echeverria V, Barreto GE. Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Its Potential Protective Effects on Brain Pathologies. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6902-6927. [PMID: 30941733 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a fundamental role in the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. There is strong evidence showing that much of the beneficial effects of these cells are due to the secretion of bioactive molecules-besides microRNAs, hormones, and neurotrophins-with anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, angiogenic, and trophic effects. These factors have been reported by many studies to possess protective effects on the nervous tissue. Although the beneficial effects of the secretory factors of MSCs have been suggested for various neurological diseases, their actions on astrocytic cells are not well understood. Hence, it is important to recognize the specific effects of MSCs derived from adipose tissue, in addition to the differences presented by the secretome, depending on the source and methods of analysis. In this paper, the different sources of MSCs and their main characteristics are described, as well as the most significant advances in regeneration and protection provided by the secretome of MSCs. Also, we discuss the possible neuroprotective mechanisms of action of the MSC-derived biomolecules, with special emphasis on the effect of MSCs derived from adipose tissue and their impact on glial cells and brain pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Baez-Jurado
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Oscar Hidalgo-Lanussa
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Biviana Barrera-Bailón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastian, Lientur 1457, 4080871, Concepción, Chile.,Research & Development Service, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
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150
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Wong DE, Banyard DA, Santos PJF, Sayadi LR, Evans GRD, Widgerow AD. Adipose-derived stem cell extracellular vesicles: A systematic review ✰. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2019; 72:1207-1218. [PMID: 30952587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-secreted packages that deliver cargo to target cells to effect functional and phenotypic changes. They are secreted by many different cell types, including adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), which are a promising field of study in regenerative medicine. Our aim was to perform a systematic review of the literature to summarize the scientific work that has been conducted on ADSC EVs to date. METHODS The Pubmed database was queried with keywords (and variations of) "adipose derived stem cell," "stromal vascular fraction," and "extracellular vesicles." We excluded review papers, then manually screened articles based on title and abstract. Full-text articles were assessed for eligibility to include in final review. RESULTS While an extensive body of research exists on EVs, a much smaller proportion of that is original research on ADSC EVs. Of 44 manuscripts that met our database search criteria, 21 articles were selected for our systematic review. CONCLUSION ADSC EVs were found to exert effects on angiogenesis, cell survival and apoptosis, inflammation, tissue regeneration, and reduction of disease pathology. Further studies examine characteristics of ADSC EVs. Future work should aim to further detail the safety profiles of ADSC EVs given their potential for cell-based therapies. The body of research studies characterizing ADSC EVs continues to expand, and much work remains to be done before human pilot studies can be considered. To our knowledge, we offer the first systematic review summarizing the research on ADSC EVs and their determined roles to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Wong
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Derek A Banyard
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Center for Tissue Engineering, Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Pauline J F Santos
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Lohrasb R Sayadi
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Gregory R D Evans
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Alan D Widgerow
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States; Center for Tissue Engineering, Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, United States.
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