101
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Munuera JM, Paredes JI, Enterría M, Villar-Rodil S, Kelly AG, Nalawade Y, Coleman JN, Rojo T, Ortiz-Vitoriano N, Martínez-Alonso A, Tascón JMD. High Performance Na-O 2 Batteries and Printed Microsupercapacitors Based on Water-Processable, Biomolecule-Assisted Anodic Graphene. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:494-506. [PMID: 31825208 PMCID: PMC6961952 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Integrated approaches that expedite the production and processing of graphene into useful structures and devices, particularly through simple and environmentally friendly strategies, are highly desirable in the efforts to implement this two-dimensional material in state-of-the-art electrochemical energy storage technologies. Here, we introduce natural nucleotides (e.g., adenosine monophosphate) as bifunctional agents for the electrochemical exfoliation and dispersion of graphene nanosheets in water. Acting both as exfoliating electrolytes and colloidal stabilizers, these biomolecules facilitated access to aqueous graphene bio-inks that could be readily processed into aerogels and inkjet-printed interdigitated patterns. Na-O2 batteries assembled with the graphene-derived aerogels as the cathode and a glyme-based electrolyte exhibited a full discharge capacity of ∼3.8 mAh cm-2 at a current density of 0.2 mA cm-2. Moreover, shallow cycling experiments (0.5 mAh cm-2) boasted a capacity retention of 94% after 50 cycles, which outperformed the cycle life of prior graphene-based cathodes for this type of battery. The positive effect of the nucleotide-adsorbed nanosheets on the battery performance is discussed and related to the presence of the phosphate group in these biomolecules. Microsupercapacitors made from the interdigitated graphene patterns as the electrodes also displayed a competitive performance, affording areal and volumetric energy densities of 0.03 μWh cm-2 and 1.2 mWh cm-3 at power densities of 0.003 mW cm-2 and 0.1 W cm-3, respectively. Taken together, by offering a green and straightforward route to different types of functional graphene-based materials, the present results are expected to ease the development of novel energy storage technologies that exploit the attractions of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. Munuera
- Instituto Nacional del Carbón, INCAR-CSIC, C/Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- School of Physics and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Dublin D02, Ireland
- E-mail: (J.M.M.)
| | - Juan I. Paredes
- Instituto Nacional del Carbón, INCAR-CSIC, C/Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- E-mail: (J.I.P.)
| | - Marina Enterría
- CIC EnergiGUNE, Álava Technology Park, C/
Albert Einstein 48, Miñano, Álava 01510, Spain
| | - Silvia Villar-Rodil
- Instituto Nacional del Carbón, INCAR-CSIC, C/Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adam G. Kelly
- School of Physics and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Dublin D02, Ireland
| | - Yashaswi Nalawade
- School of Physics and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Dublin D02, Ireland
| | - Jonathan N. Coleman
- School of Physics and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Dublin D02, Ireland
| | - Teófilo Rojo
- CIC EnergiGUNE, Álava Technology Park, C/
Albert Einstein 48, Miñano, Álava 01510, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Universidad
del País Vasco UPV/EHU, P.O. Box
664, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Nagore Ortiz-Vitoriano
- CIC EnergiGUNE, Álava Technology Park, C/
Albert Einstein 48, Miñano, Álava 01510, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Amelia Martínez-Alonso
- Instituto Nacional del Carbón, INCAR-CSIC, C/Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan M. D. Tascón
- Instituto Nacional del Carbón, INCAR-CSIC, C/Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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102
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Li N, Jiang Y, Xiao Y, Meng B, Xing C, Zhang H, Peng Z. A fully inkjet-printed transparent humidity sensor based on a Ti 3C 2/Ag hybrid for touchless sensing of finger motion. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:21522-21531. [PMID: 31686085 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06751e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inkjet-printing was used to prepare a flexible and transparent humidity sensor with a Ti3C2/Ag hybrid as the humidity-sensitive film and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) as the adhesive layer. The sensor demonstrates an ultrahigh sensitivity (106 800%), a rapid response (80 ms), and excellent bending resistance. We demonstrate that an array of sensors can track moving fingers in a non-contact way and map the distance of the fingers away from the sensor surface. Therefore, our humidity sensors have great potential for novel human-machine interfacing such as touchless control of electronics and collision control between robots and humans in a cobot setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Bo Meng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Chenyang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Zhengchun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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103
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Pomerantseva E, Bonaccorso F, Feng X, Cui Y, Gogotsi Y. Energy storage: The future enabled by nanomaterials. Science 2019; 366:366/6468/eaan8285. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aan8285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 658] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries, which power portable electronics, electric vehicles, and stationary storage, have been recognized with the 2019 Nobel Prize in chemistry. The development of nanomaterials and their related processing into electrodes and devices can improve the performance and/or development of the existing energy storage systems. We provide a perspective on recent progress in the application of nanomaterials in energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors and batteries. The versatility of nanomaterials can lead to power sources for portable, flexible, foldable, and distributable electronics; electric transportation; and grid-scale storage, as well as integration in living environments and biomedical systems. To overcome limitations of nanomaterials related to high reactivity and chemical instability caused by their high surface area, nanoparticles with different functionalities should be combined in smart architectures on nano- and microscales. The integration of nanomaterials into functional architectures and devices requires the development of advanced manufacturing approaches. We discuss successful strategies and outline a roadmap for the exploitation of nanomaterials for enabling future energy storage applications, such as powering distributed sensor networks and flexible and wearable electronics.
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104
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Zhang M, Fan YL, Lu YF, Ding XY, Lin ZY, Shi G, Wu W, Haick H. Tailor-Made Engineering of Bioinspired Inks for Writing Barcode-like Multifunctional Sensory Electronics. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2588-2592. [PMID: 31613098 PMCID: PMC6819985 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
![]()
This letter reports
on a novel cost-efficient and multifunctional barcode-like
sensors array (BLSA) printed with a conductive bioinspired smart ink. The conductive
ink (P@G ink), which can be further chemically engineered with different
organic ligands, was generated via facile one-pot hydrothermal reduction
of graphene oxide (GO) in dopamine (DA) as coreductan Usingvarious
chemical derivatives of the P@G inks on a flexible substrate
(e.g., Kapton), a highly integrated BLSA as well as smart nose/tongue
mimic array were generated for simultaneous sensing and distinguishing
of complex physical and chemical stimuli, including temperature, light,
air pressure, relative humidity, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Due to these very attractive features, the reported P@G ink-based
BLSA would have the potential for unique opportunities regarding
“all-in-one”—yet cost-effective—disposable
electronics and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Yu-Lin Fan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi-Fan Lu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xu-Yin Ding
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zi-Yang Lin
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Guoyue Shi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Shaanxi 710126, China
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105
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Zhang C, Tan J, Pan Y, Cai X, Zou X, Cheng HM, Liu B. Mass production of 2D materials by intermediate-assisted grinding exfoliation. Natl Sci Rev 2019; 7:324-332. [PMID: 34692048 PMCID: PMC8288955 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The scalable and high-efficiency production of 2D materials is a prerequisite to their commercial use. Currently, only graphene and graphene oxide can be produced on a ton scale, and the inability to produce other 2D materials on such a large scale hinders their technological applications. Here we report a grinding exfoliation method that uses micro-particles as force intermediates to resolve applied compressive forces into a multitude of small shear forces, inducing the highly efficient exfoliation of layer materials. The method, referred to as intermediate-assisted grinding exfoliation (iMAGE), can be used for the large-scale production of many 2D materials. As an example, we have exfoliated bulk h-BN into 2D h-BN with large flake sizes, high quality and structural integrity, with a high exfoliation yield of 67%, a high production rate of 0.3 g h−1 and a low energy consumption of 3.01 × 106 J g−1. The production rate and energy consumption are one to two orders of magnitude better than previous results. Besides h-BN, this iMAGE technology has been used to exfoliate various layer materials such as graphite, black phosphorus, transition metal dichalcogenides, and metal oxides, proving its universality. Molybdenite concentrate, a natural low-cost and abundant mineral, was used as a demo for the large-scale exfoliation production of 2D MoS2 flakes. Our work indicates the huge potential of the iMAGE method to produce large amounts of various 2D materials, which paves the way for their commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junyang Tan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yikun Pan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xingke Cai
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaolong Zou
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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106
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Bolotsky A, Butler D, Dong C, Gerace K, Glavin NR, Muratore C, Robinson JA, Ebrahimi A. Two-Dimensional Materials in Biosensing and Healthcare: From In Vitro Diagnostics to Optogenetics and Beyond. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9781-9810. [PMID: 31430131 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the isolation of graphene in 2004, there has been an exponentially growing number of reports on layered two-dimensional (2D) materials for applications ranging from protective coatings to biochemical sensing. Due to the exceptional, and often tunable, electrical, optical, electrochemical, and physical properties of these materials, they can serve as the active sensing element or a supporting substrate for diverse healthcare applications. In this review, we provide a survey of the recent reports on the applications of 2D materials in biosensing and other emerging healthcare areas, ranging from wearable technologies to optogenetics to neural interfacing. Specifically, this review provides (i) a holistic evaluation of relevant material properties across a wide range of 2D systems, (ii) a comparison of 2D material-based biosensors to the state-of-the-art, (iii) relevant material synthesis approaches specifically reported for healthcare applications, and (iv) the technological considerations to facilitate mass production and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chengye Dong
- State Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710049 , People's Republic of China
| | | | - Nicholas R Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Air Force Research Laboratory , WPAFB , Ohio 45433 , United States
| | - Christopher Muratore
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Dayton , Dayton , Ohio 45469 , United States
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107
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Ruhkopf J, Sawallich S, Nagel M, Otto M, Plachetka U, Kremers T, Schnakenberg U, Kataria S, Lemme MC. Role of Substrate Surface Morphology on the Performance of Graphene Inks for Flexible Electronics. ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2019; 1:1909-1916. [PMID: 35274105 PMCID: PMC8900680 DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.9b00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, are seen as potential candidates for fabricating electronic devices and circuits on flexible substrates. Inks or dispersions of 2D materials can be deposited on flexible substrates by large-scale coating techniques, such as inkjet printing and spray coating. One of the main issues in coating processes is nonuniform deposition of inks, which may lead to large variations of properties across the substrates. Here, we investigate the role of surface morphology on the performance of graphene ink deposited on different paper substrates with specific top coatings. Substrates with good wetting properties result in reproducible thin films and electrical properties with low sheet resistance. The correct choice of surface morphology enables high-performance films without postdeposition annealing or treatment. Scanning terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is introduced to evaluate both the uniformity and the local conductivity of graphene inks on paper. A paper-based strain gauge is demonstrated and a variable resistor acts as an on-off switch for operating an LED. Customized surfaces can thus help in unleashing the full potential of ink-based 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Ruhkopf
- AMO GmbH, Advanced Microelectronics Center Aachen (AMICA), Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- RWTH Aachen University, Chair of Electronic Devices, Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 2 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Simon Sawallich
- RWTH Aachen University, Chair of Electronic Devices, Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 2 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Protemics GmbH, Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 25. 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Nagel
- Protemics GmbH, Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 25. 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Otto
- AMO GmbH, Advanced Microelectronics Center Aachen (AMICA), Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Plachetka
- AMO GmbH, Advanced Microelectronics Center Aachen (AMICA), Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tom Kremers
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, Sommerfeldstrasse 24, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Uwe Schnakenberg
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, Sommerfeldstrasse 24, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Satender Kataria
- RWTH Aachen University, Chair of Electronic Devices, Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 2 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Max C. Lemme
- AMO GmbH, Advanced Microelectronics Center Aachen (AMICA), Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- RWTH Aachen University, Chair of Electronic Devices, Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 2 52074 Aachen, Germany
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108
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Kim RH, Leem J, Muratore C, Nam S, Rao R, Jawaid A, Durstock M, McConney M, Drummy L, Rai R, Voevodin A, Glavin N. Photonic crystallization of two-dimensional MoS 2 for stretchable photodetectors. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13260-13268. [PMID: 31197304 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02173f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature synthesis of high quality two-dimensional (2D) materials directly on flexible substrates remains a fundamental limitation towards scalable realization of robust flexible electronics possessing the unique physical properties of atomically thin structures. Herein, we describe room temperature sputtering of uniform, stoichiometric amorphous MoS2 and subsequent large area (>6.25 cm2) photonic crystallization of 5 nm 2H-MoS2 films in air to enable direct, scalable fabrication of ultrathin 2D photodetectors on stretchable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. The lateral photodetector devices demonstrate an average responsivity of 2.52 μW A-1 and a minimum response time of 120 ms under 515.6 nm illumination. Additionally, the surface wrinkled, or buckled, PDMS substrate with conformal MoS2 retained the photoconductive behavior at tensile strains as high as 5.72% and over 1000 stretching cycles. The results indicate that the photonic crystallization method provides a significant advancement in incorporating high quality semiconducting 2D materials applied directly on polymer substrates for wearable and flexible electronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Hahnkee Kim
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA. and National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 20418, USA
| | - Juyoung Leem
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - SungWoo Nam
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rahul Rao
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA. and UES, Inc., Dayton, OH 45432, USA
| | - Ali Jawaid
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA. and UES, Inc., Dayton, OH 45432, USA
| | - Michael Durstock
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA.
| | - Michael McConney
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA.
| | - Lawrence Drummy
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA.
| | - Rachel Rai
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA. and University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45409, USA
| | - Andrey Voevodin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Nicholas Glavin
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA.
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109
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Zhang L, Gong T, Wang H, Guo Z, Zhang H. Memristive devices based on emerging two-dimensional materials beyond graphene. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:12413-12435. [PMID: 31231746 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02886b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With the explosion of data in the information universe and the approaching of fundamental limits in silicon-based flash memories, the exploration of new device architectures and alternative materials is necessary for next-generation memory technology. Accordingly, emerging two-dimensional (2D) material-based memristive devices have attracted increasing attention due to their unique properties and great potential in flexible and wearable devices, and even neuromorphic computing systems. Herein, we provide an overview of the recent progress on memristive devices based on 2D materials beyond graphene. The device structures and choice of active materials and electrodes materials are summarized for various types of 2D material-based memristive devices. Following the discussion and classification on the device performances and mechanisms, the challenges and perspectives on future research based on 2D materials are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Tian Gong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Huide Wang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Zhinan Guo
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Han Zhang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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110
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Biccai S, Boland CS, O'Driscoll DP, Harvey A, Gabbett C, O'Suilleabhain DR, Griffin AJ, Li Z, Young RJ, Coleman JN. Negative Gauge Factor Piezoresistive Composites Based on Polymers Filled with MoS 2 Nanosheets. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6845-6855. [PMID: 31199128 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite strain sensors, particularly those consisting of polymer-graphene composites, are increasingly common and are of great interest in the area of wearable sensors. In such sensors, application of strain yields an increase in resistance due to the effect of deformation on interparticle junctions. Typically, widening of interparticle separation is thought to increase the junction resistance by reducing the probability of tunnelling between conducting particles. However, an alternative approach would be to use piezoresistive fillers, where an applied strain modifies the intrinsic filler resistance and so the overall composite resistance. Such an approach would broaden sensing capabilities, as using negative piezoresistive fillers could yield strain-induced resistance reductions rather than the usual resistance increases. Here, we introduce nanocomposites based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) filled with MoS2 nanosheets. Doping of the MoS2 by the PEO yields nanocomposites which are conductive enough to act as sensors, while efficient stress transfer leads to nanosheet deformation in response to an external strain. The intrinsic negative piezoresistance of the MoS2 leads to a reduction of the composite resistance on the application of small tensile strains. However, at higher strain the resistance grows due to increases in junction resistance. MoS2-PEO composite gauge factors are approximately -25 but fall to -12 for WS2-PEO composites and roughly -2 for PEO filled with MoSe2 or WSe2. We develop a simple model, which describes all these observations. Finally, we show that these composites can be used as dynamic strain sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Biccai
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Conor S Boland
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Daniel P O'Driscoll
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Andrew Harvey
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Cian Gabbett
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | | | - Aideen J Griffin
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Zheling Li
- National Graphene Institute and School of Materials , The University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Young
- National Graphene Institute and School of Materials , The University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan N Coleman
- School of Physics, CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
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111
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Backes C, Campi D, Szydlowska BM, Synnatschke K, Ojala E, Rashvand F, Harvey A, Griffin A, Sofer Z, Marzari N, Coleman JN, O'Regan DD. Equipartition of Energy Defines the Size-Thickness Relationship in Liquid-Exfoliated Nanosheets. ACS NANO 2019; 13:7050-7061. [PMID: 31199123 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Liquid phase exfoliation is a commonly used method to produce 2D nanosheets from a range of layered crystals. However, such nanosheets display broad size and thickness distributions and correlations between area and thickness, issues that limit nanosheet application potential. To understand the factors controlling the exfoliation process, we have liquid-exfoliated 11 different layered materials, size-selecting each into fractions before using AFM to measure the nanosheet length, width, and thickness distributions for each fraction. The resultant data show a clear power-law scaling of nanosheet area with thickness for each material. We have developed a simple nonequilibrium thermodynamics-based model predicting that the power-law prefactor is proportional to both the ratios of in-plane-tearing/out-of-plane-peeling energies and in-plane/out-of-plane moduli. By comparing the experimental data with the modulus ratio calculated from first-principles, we find close agreement between experiment and theory. This supports our hypothesis that energy equipartition holds between nanosheet tearing and peeling during sonication-assisted exfoliation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Backes
- Chair of Applied Physical Chemistry , University of Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Davide Campi
- Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Beata M Szydlowska
- Chair of Applied Physical Chemistry , University of Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
- School of Physics and CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Kevin Synnatschke
- Chair of Applied Physical Chemistry , University of Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Ezgi Ojala
- Chair of Applied Physical Chemistry , University of Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Farnia Rashvand
- Chair of Applied Physical Chemistry , University of Heidelberg , Im Neuenheimer Feld 253 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Andrew Harvey
- School of Physics and CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Aideen Griffin
- School of Physics and CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Zdenek Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Chemistry and Technology Prague , Technická 5 , 166 28 Prague 6 , Czech Republic
| | - Nicola Marzari
- Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Jonathan N Coleman
- School of Physics and CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - David D O'Regan
- School of Physics and CRANN & AMBER Research Centers , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
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112
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Lobo K, Trivedi S, Matte HSSR. Highly concentrated and stabilizer-free transition-metal dichalcogenide dispersions in low-boiling point solvent for flexible electronics. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:10746-10755. [PMID: 31120460 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02019e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-phase exfoliation has provided an efficient and scalable route to obtain dispersions of layered materials. Dispersions in low-boiling solvents facilitate the ease of processing; however, the challenge of obtaining them at high concentrations still prevails. Herein, the use of 2-butanone (B.P. 80 °C) as an effective solvent for the exfoliation of transition-metal dichalcogenides is reported for the first time. Among these, MoS2 was studied in detail to maximize the dispersion concentrations, reaching values up to 5.5 mg ml-1 without the use of any stabilizer. This exceptional efficiency of 2-butanone to exfoliate and stabilize the dispersions at high concentrations enabled the size separation of nanosheets by liquid cascade centrifugation. Extensive characterization by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques revealed the efficacy of the proposed process in separating mono- and few-layers. To showcase the utility of this low-boiling point solvent, a flexible photodetector was fabricated by spray-coating the dispersions on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate. The device exhibited a fast response time (<50 ms) and 80% retention in responsivity after 1000 flexing cycles. The present study suggests that molecular interactions between the solvent and nanosheet could play a critical role in the achievement of high efficiencies and provide an additional aspect to consider in solvent selection, along with the Hansen solubility parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Lobo
- Energy Materials Laboratory, Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Jalahalli, Bengaluru, India 560013.
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113
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Romano V, Martín-García B, Bellani S, Marasco L, Kumar Panda J, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Najafi L, Del Rio Castillo AE, Prato M, Mantero E, Pellegrini V, D'Angelo G, Bonaccorso F. Flexible Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors with Ultrahigh Areal Performance. Chempluschem 2019; 84:882-892. [PMID: 31943980 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) with high areal capacitance relies on the use of elevated mass loadings of highly porous active materials. Herein, we demonstrate a high-throughput manufacturing of graphene/carbon nanotubes hybrid EDLCs. The wet-jet milling (WJM) method is exploited to exfoliate the graphite into single-few-layer graphene flakes (WJM-G) in industrial volumes (production rate ca. 0.5 kg/day). Commercial single-/double-walled carbon nanotubes (SDWCNTs) are mixed with graphene flakes in order to act as spacers between the flakes during their film formation. The WJM-G/SDWCNTs films are obtained by one-step vacuum filtration of the material dispersions, resulting in self-standing, metal- and binder-free flexible EDLC electrodes with high active material mass loadings up to around 30 mg cm-2 . The corresponding symmetric WJM-G/SDWCNTs EDLCs exhibit electrode energy densities of 539 μWh cm-2 at 1.3 mW cm-2 and operating power densities up to 532 mW cm-2 (outperforming most of the reported EDLC technologies). The EDCLs show excellent cycling stability and outstanding flexibility even in highly folded states (up to 180°).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Romano
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche ed Informatiche Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, S. Agata, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Sebastiano Bellani
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Marasco
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Jaya Kumar Panda
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.,BeDimensional Spa, Via Albisola 121, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Leyla Najafi
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Mirko Prato
- Materials Characterisation Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Mantero
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Vittorio Pellegrini
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.,BeDimensional Spa, Via Albisola 121, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Angelo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche ed Informatiche Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, S. Agata, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.,BeDimensional Spa, Via Albisola 121, 16163, Genova, Italy
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114
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Wang D, Li H, Du N, Lang Z, Hu T, Hou W. Space-confined synthesis of monolayer molybdenum disulfide using tetrathiomolybdate intercalated layered double hydroxide as precursor. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 541:183-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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115
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Xiong Z, Yun X, Qiu L, Sun Y, Tang B, He Z, Xiao J, Chung D, Ng TW, Yan H, Zhang R, Wang X, Li D. A Dynamic Graphene Oxide Network Enables Spray Printing of Colloidal Gels for High-Performance Micro-Supercapacitors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1804434. [PMID: 30848003 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Properly controlling the rheological properties of nanoparticle inks is crucial to their printability. Here, it is reported that colloidal gels containing a dynamic network of graphene oxide (GO) sheets can display unusual rheological properties after high-rate shearing. When mixed with polyaniline nanofiber dispersions, the GO network not only facilitates the gelation process but also serves as an effective energy-transmission network to allow fast structural recovery after the gel is deformed by high-rate shearing. This extraordinary fast recovery phenomenon has made it possible to use the conventional air-brush spray technique to print the gel with high-throughput and high fidelity on nonplanar flexible surfaces. The as-printed micro-supercapacitors exhibit an areal capacitance 4-6 times higher than traditionally spray-printed ones. This work highlights the hidden potential of 2D materials as functional yet highly efficient rheological enhancers to facilitate industrial processing of nanomaterial-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Xiong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Xiawei Yun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Youyi Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zijun He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Dwayne Chung
- Laboratory for Optics and Applied Mechanics, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Tuck Wah Ng
- Laboratory for Optics and Applied Mechanics, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Hao Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogong Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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116
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Najafi L, Bellani S, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Prato M, Martín-García B, Brescia R, Bonaccorso F. Carbon Nanotube-Supported MoSe 2 Holey Flake:Mo 2C Ball Hybrids for Bifunctional pH-Universal Water Splitting. ACS NANO 2019; 13:3162-3176. [PMID: 30835996 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The design of cost-effective and efficient electrocatalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is pivotal for the molecular hydrogen (H2) production from electrochemical water splitting as a future energy source. Herein, we show that the hybridization between multiple HER- and OER-active components is effective for the design and realization of bifunctional electrocatalysts for universal water splitting, i.e., in both acidic and alkaline media. Our strategy relies on the production and characterization of MoSe2 holey flake:Mo2C ball hybrids supported by single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) electrocatalysts. Flakes of MoSe2 are produced through hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-aided liquid phase exfoliation (LPE), which promotes both the exfoliation of the materials and the formation of nanopores in the flakes via chemical etching. The amount of H2O2 in the solvent used for the exfoliation process is optimized to obtain ideal high ratio between edge and basal sites ratio, i.e., high-number of electrocatalytic sites. The hybridization of MoSe2 flakes with commercial ball-like shaped Mo2C crystals facilitates the Volmer reaction, which works in both acidic and alkaline media. In addition, the electrochemical coupling between SWCNTs (as support) and MoSe2:Mo2C hybrids synergistically enhances both HER- and OER-activity of the native components, reaching high η10 in acidic and alkaline media (0.049 and 0.089 V for HER in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M KOH, respectively; 0.197 and 0.241 V for OER in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M KOH, respectively). The exploitation of the synergistic effects occurring between multicomponent electrocatalysts, coupled with the production of the electrocatalysts themselves through scalable and cost-effective solution-processed manufacturing techniques, is promising to scale-up the production of H2 via efficient water splitting for the future energy portfolio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Najafi
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Sebastiano Bellani
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- BeDimensional Spa , via Albisola 121 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials Characterization Facility , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Rosaria Brescia
- Electron Microscopy Facility , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- BeDimensional Spa , via Albisola 121 , 16163 Genova , Italy
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117
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Bertolazzi S, Bondavalli P, Roche S, San T, Choi SY, Colombo L, Bonaccorso F, Samorì P. Nonvolatile Memories Based on Graphene and Related 2D Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806663. [PMID: 30663121 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The pervasiveness of information technologies is generating an impressive amount of data, which need to be accessed very quickly. Nonvolatile memories (NVMs) are making inroads into high-capacity storage to replace hard disk drives, fuelling the expansion of the global storage memory market. As silicon-based flash memories are approaching their fundamental limit, vertical stacking of multiple memory cell layers, innovative device concepts, and novel materials are being investigated. In this context, emerging 2D materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and black phosphorous, offer a host of physical and chemical properties, which could both improve existing memory technologies and enable the next generation of low-cost, flexible, and wearable storage devices. Herein, an overview of graphene and related 2D materials (GRMs) in different types of NVM cells is provided, including resistive random-access, flash, magnetic and phase-change memories. The physical and chemical mechanisms underlying the switching of GRM-based memory devices studied in the last decade are discussed. Although at this stage most of the proof-of-concept devices investigated do not compete with state-of-the-art devices, a number of promising technological advancements have emerged. Here, the most relevant material properties and device structures are analyzed, emphasizing opportunities and challenges toward the realization of practical NVM devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bertolazzi
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paolo Bondavalli
- Chemical and Multifunctional Materials Lab, Thales Research and Technology, 91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - Stephan Roche
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08070, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tamer San
- Texas Instruments, Dallas, TX, 75243, USA
| | - Sung-Yool Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Graphene/2D Materials Research Center, KAIST, 34141, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Luigi Colombo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Graphene Labs, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
- BeDimensional Spa, Via Albisola 121, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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118
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Bellani S, Antognazza MR, Bonaccorso F. Carbon-Based Photocathode Materials for Solar Hydrogen Production. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1801446. [PMID: 30221413 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen is considered a promising environmentally friendly energy carrier for replacing traditional fossil fuels. In this context, photoelectrochemical cells effectively convert solar energy directly to H2 fuel by water photoelectrolysis, thereby monolitically combining the functions of both light harvesting and electrolysis. In such devices, photocathodes and photoanodes carry out the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. Here, the focus is on photocathodes for HER, traditionally based on metal oxides, III-V group and II-VI group semiconductors, silicon, and copper-based chalcogenides as photoactive material. Recently, carbon-based materials have emerged as reliable alternatives to the aforementioned materials. A perspective on carbon-based photocathodes is provided here, critically analyzing recent research progress and outlining the major guidelines for the development of efficient and stable photocathode architectures. In particular, the functional role of charge-selective and protective layers, which enhance both the efficiency and the durability of the photocathodes, is discussed. An in-depth evaluation of the state-of-the-art fabrication of photocathodes through scalable, high-troughput, cost-effective methods is presented. The major aspects on the development of light-trapping nanostructured architectures are also addressed. Finally, the key challenges on future research directions in terms of potential performance and manufacturability of photocathodes are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Bellani
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Antognazza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
- BeDimensional Srl, via Albisola 121, 16163, Genova, Italy
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119
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O'Keeffe P, Catone D, Paladini A, Toschi F, Turchini S, Avaldi L, Martelli F, Agresti A, Pescetelli S, Del Rio Castillo AE, Bonaccorso F, Di Carlo A. Graphene-Induced Improvements of Perovskite Solar Cell Stability: Effects on Hot-Carriers. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:684-691. [PMID: 30669832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hot-carriers, that is, charge carriers with an effective temperature higher than that of the lattice, may contribute to the high power conversion efficiency (PCE) shown by perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs), which are now competitive with silicon solar cells. Hot-carriers lose their excess energy in very short times, typically in a few picoseconds after excitation. For this reason, the carrier dynamics occurring on this time scale are extremely important in determining the participation of hot-carriers in the photovoltaic process. However, the stability of PSCs over time still remains an issue that calls for a solution. In this work, we demonstrate that the insertion of graphene flakes into the mesoscopic TiO2 scaffold leads to stable values of carrier temperature. In PSCs aged over 1 week, we indeed observe that in the graphene-free perovskite cells the carrier temperature decreases by about 500 K from 1800 to 1300 K, while the graphene-containing cell shows a reduction of less than 200 K after the same aging time delay. The stability of the carrier temperature reflects the stability of the perovskite nanocrystals embedded in the mesoporous graphene-TiO2 layer. Our results, based on femtosecond transient absorption measurements, show that the insertion of graphene can be beneficial for the design of stable PSCs with the aim of exploiting the hot-carrier contribution to the PCE of the PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P O'Keeffe
- CNR-ISM, Division of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit) , Area della Ricerca di Roma 1 , Monterotondo Scalo , Italy
| | - D Catone
- CNR-ISM, Division of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit) , Area della Ricerca di Roma Tor Vergata , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - A Paladini
- CNR-ISM, Division of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit) , Area della Ricerca di Roma 1 , Monterotondo Scalo , Italy
| | - F Toschi
- CNR-ISM, Division of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit) , Area della Ricerca di Roma 1 , Monterotondo Scalo , Italy
| | - S Turchini
- CNR-ISM, Division of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit) , Area della Ricerca di Roma Tor Vergata , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - L Avaldi
- CNR-ISM, Division of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit) , Area della Ricerca di Roma 1 , Monterotondo Scalo , Italy
| | - F Martelli
- CNR-IMM, Area della Ricerca di Roma Tor Vergata , 100 Via del Fosso del Cavaliere , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - A Agresti
- CHOSE (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - S Pescetelli
- CHOSE (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - A E Del Rio Castillo
- Graphene Laboratories , IIT - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - F Bonaccorso
- Graphene Laboratories , IIT - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- BeDimensional Spa , Via Albisola 121 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - A Di Carlo
- CHOSE (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
- LASE - Laboratory for Advanced Solar Energy , National University of Science and Technology MISiS , Leninsky Ave. 6 , 119049 Moscow , Russia
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120
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Camposeo A, Persano L, Farsari M, Pisignano D. Additive Manufacturing: Applications and Directions in Photonics and Optoelectronics. ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS 2019; 7:1800419. [PMID: 30775219 PMCID: PMC6358045 DOI: 10.1002/adom.201800419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The combination of materials with targeted optical properties and of complex, 3D architectures, which can be nowadays obtained by additive manufacturing, opens unprecedented opportunities for developing new integrated systems in photonics and optoelectronics. The recent progress in additive technologies for processing optical materials is here presented, with emphasis on accessible geometries, achievable spatial resolution, and requirements for printable optical materials. Relevant examples of photonic and optoelectronic devices fabricated by 3D printing are shown, which include light-emitting diodes, lasers, waveguides, optical sensors, photonic crystals and metamaterials, and micro-optical components. The potential of additive manufacturing applied to photonics and optoelectronics is enormous, and the field is still in its infancy. Future directions for research include the development of fully printable optical and architected materials, of effective and versatile platforms for multimaterial processing, and of high-throughput 3D printing technologies that can concomitantly reach high resolution and large working volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Camposeo
- NESTIstituto Nanoscienze‐CNRPiazza San Silvestro 12I‐56127PisaItaly
| | - Luana Persano
- NESTIstituto Nanoscienze‐CNRPiazza San Silvestro 12I‐56127PisaItaly
| | | | - Dario Pisignano
- NESTIstituto Nanoscienze‐CNRPiazza San Silvestro 12I‐56127PisaItaly
- Dipartimento di FisicaUniversità di PisaLargo B. Pontecorvo 3I‐56127PisaItaly
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121
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Zhang YZ, Wang Y, Cheng T, Yao LQ, Li X, Lai WY, Huang W. Printed supercapacitors: materials, printing and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:3229-3264. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00819h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes how printing methods can revolutionize the manufacturing of supercapacitors – promising energy storage devices for flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Tao Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Lan-Qian Yao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Xiangchun Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Wen-Yong Lai
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
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122
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Ashworth DJ, Cooper A, Trueman M, Al‐Saedi RWM, Smith LD, Meijer AJHM, Foster JA. Ultrasonic Exfoliation of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Metal-Organic Frameworks To Form Nanosheets. Chemistry 2018; 24:17986-17996. [PMID: 30222223 PMCID: PMC6348380 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The modular structure of metal-organic framework nanosheets (MONs) provides a convenient route to creating two-dimensional materials with readily tuneable surface properties. Here, the liquid exfoliation of two closely related layered metal-organic frameworks functionalised with either methoxy-propyl (1) or pentyl (2) pendent groups intended to bestow either hydrophilic or hydrophobic character to the resulting nanosheets is reported. Exfoliation of the two materials in a range of different solvents highlighted significant differences in their dispersion properties, as well as their molecular and nanoscopic structures. Exchange or loss of solvent was found to occur at the labile axial position of the paddle-wheel based MONs and DFT calculations indicated that intramolecular coordination by the oxygen of the methoxy-propyl pendant groups may take place. The nanoscopic dimensions of the MONs were further tuned by varying the exfoliation conditions and through "liquid cascade centrifugation". Aqueous suspensions of the nanosheets were used as sensors to detect aromatic heterocycles with clear differences in binding behaviour observed and quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Cooper
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Mollie Trueman
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | | | - Liam D. Smith
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
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123
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Najafi L, Taheri B, Martín-García B, Bellani S, Di Girolamo D, Agresti A, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Pescetelli S, Vesce L, Calabrò E, Prato M, Del Rio Castillo AE, Di Carlo A, Bonaccorso F. MoS 2 Quantum Dot/Graphene Hybrids for Advanced Interface Engineering of a CH 3NH 3PbI 3 Perovskite Solar Cell with an Efficiency of over 20. ACS NANO 2018; 12:10736-10754. [PMID: 30240189 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Interface engineering of organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays a pivotal role in achieving high power conversion efficiency (PCE). In fact, the perovskite photoactive layer needs to work synergistically with the other functional components of the cell, such as charge transporting/active buffer layers and electrodes. In this context, graphene and related two-dimensional materials (GRMs) are promising candidates to tune "on demand" the interface properties of PSCs. In this work, we fully exploit the potential of GRMs by controlling the optoelectronic properties of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) hybrids both as hole transport layer (HTL) and active buffer layer (ABL) in mesoscopic methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite (MAPbI3)-based PSCs. We show that zero-dimensional MoS2 quantum dots (MoS2 QDs), derived by liquid phase exfoliated MoS2 flakes, provide both hole-extraction and electron-blocking properties. In fact, on one hand, intrinsic n-type doping-induced intraband gap states effectively extract the holes through an electron injection mechanism. On the other hand, quantum confinement effects increase the optical band gap of MoS2 (from 1.4 eV for the flakes to >3.2 eV for QDs), raising the minimum energy of its conduction band (from -4.3 eV for the flakes to -2.2 eV for QDs) above the one of the conduction band of MAPbI3 (between -3.7 and -4 eV) and hindering electron collection. The van der Waals hybridization of MoS2 QDs with functionalized reduced graphene oxide (f-RGO), obtained by chemical silanization-induced linkage between RGO and (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, is effective to homogenize the deposition of HTLs or ABLs onto the perovskite film, since the two-dimensional nature of RGO effectively plugs the pinholes of the MoS2 QD films. Our "graphene interface engineering" (GIE) strategy based on van der Waals MoS2 QD/graphene hybrids enables MAPbI3-based PSCs to achieve a PCE up to 20.12% (average PCE of 18.8%). The possibility to combine quantum and chemical effects into GIE, coupled with the recent success of graphene and GRMs as interfacial layer, represents a promising approach for the development of next-generation PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Najafi
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Babak Taheri
- C.H.O.S.E. (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Sebastiano Bellani
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Diego Di Girolamo
- C.H.O.S.E. (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - Antonio Agresti
- C.H.O.S.E. (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- BeDimensional Srl. , Via Albisola 121 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Sara Pescetelli
- C.H.O.S.E. (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - Luigi Vesce
- C.H.O.S.E. (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - Emanuele Calabrò
- C.H.O.S.E. (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials Characterization Facility , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | | | - Aldo Di Carlo
- C.H.O.S.E. (Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1 , 00133 Rome , Italy
- L.A.S.E.-Laboratory for Advanced Solar Energy , National University of Science and Technology "MISiS" , Leninskiy Prosect 6 , 119049 Moscow , Russia
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- BeDimensional Srl. , Via Albisola 121 , 16163 Genova , Italy
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124
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Wang W, Schlüter AD. Synthetic 2D Polymers: A Critical Perspective and a Look into the Future. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800719. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Polymers; Department of Materials; ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - A. Dieter Schlüter
- Institute of Polymers; Department of Materials; ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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125
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Bellani S, Wang F, Longoni G, Najafi L, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Del Rio Castillo AE, Prato M, Zhuang X, Pellegrini V, Feng X, Bonaccorso F. WS 2-Graphite Dual-Ion Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:7155-7164. [PMID: 30285447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A novel WS2-graphite dual-ion battery (DIB) is developed by combining a conventional graphite cathode and a high-capacity few-layer WS2-flake anode. The WS2 flakes are produced by exploiting wet-jet milling (WJM) exfoliation, which allows large-scale and free-material loss production (i.e., volume up to 8 L h-1 at concentration of 10 g L-1 and exfoliation yield of 100%) of few-layer WS2 flakes in dispersion. The WS2 anodes enable DIBs, based on hexafluorophosphate (PF6-) and lithium (Li+) ions, to achieve charge-specific capacities of 457, 438, 421, 403, 295, and 169 mAh g-1 at current rates of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.0 A g-1, respectively, outperforming conventional DIBs. The WS2-based DIBs operate in the 0 to 4 V cell voltage range, thus extending the operating voltage window of conventional WS2-based Li-ion batteries (LIBs). These results demonstrate a new route toward the exploitation of WS2, and possibly other transition-metal dichalcogenides, for the development of next-generation energy-storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Bellani
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Faxing Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Chair for Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Mommsenstrasse 4 , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Gianluca Longoni
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Leyla Najafi
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | | | | | - Mirko Prato
- Materials Characterization Facility , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Chair for Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Mommsenstrasse 4 , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Vittorio Pellegrini
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- BeDimensional Srl , via Albisola 121 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Chair for Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , Mommsenstrasse 4 , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- BeDimensional Srl , via Albisola 121 , 16163 Genova , Italy
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126
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Biacchi AJ, Le ST, Alberding BG, Hagmann JA, Pookpanratana SJ, Heilweil EJ, Richter CA, Hight Walker AR. Contact and Noncontact Measurement of Electronic Transport in Individual 2D SnS Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2018; 12:10045-10060. [PMID: 30247875 PMCID: PMC6348888 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal-based solution syntheses offer a scalable and cost-efficient means of producing 2D nanomaterials in high yield. While much progress has been made toward the controlled and tailorable synthesis of semiconductor nanocrystals in solution, it remains a substantial challenge to fully characterize the products' inherent electronic transport properties. This is often due to their irregular morphology or small dimensions, which demand the formation of colloidal assemblies or films as a prerequisite to performing electrical measurements. Here, we report the synthesis of nearly monodisperse 2D colloidal nanocrystals of semiconductor SnS and a thorough investigation of the intrinsic electronic transport properties of single crystals. We utilize a combination of multipoint contact probe measurements and ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy to determine the carrier concentration, carrier mobility, conductivity/resistivity, and majority carrier type of individual colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals. Employing this metrological approach, we compare the electronic properties extracted for distinct morphologies of 2D SnS and relate them to literature values. Our results indicate that the electronic transport of colloidal semiconductors may be tuned through prudent selection of the synthetic conditions. We find that these properties compare favorably to SnS grown using vapor deposition techniques, illustrating that colloidal solution synthesis is a promising route to scalable production of nanoscale 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Biacchi
- Nanoelectronics Group, Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Son T. Le
- Nanoelectronics Group, Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Brian G. Alberding
- Remote Sensing Group, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, United States
| | - Joseph A. Hagmann
- Nanoelectronics Group, Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Sujitra J. Pookpanratana
- Nanoelectronics Group, Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Edwin J. Heilweil
- Nanoelectronics Group, Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Curt A. Richter
- Nanoelectronics Group, Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Angela R. Hight Walker
- Nanoelectronics Group, Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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127
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Parviz D, Strano M. Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 10:e51. [PMID: 30285316 DOI: 10.1002/cpch.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to their two-dimensional structure and unique properties, graphene and its derivatives have been extensively studied for their potential applications in various fields ranging from electronics to composites. Particularly, their high surface area, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, dispersability in aqueous phase, and possibility of surface modification make them promising candidates for biomedical applications including biosensing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, cell imaging, and therapeutics. The functioning of graphene nanosheets in these applications is dependent on their structure and properties, which are mainly determined by their preparation and processing methods. Exfoliation techniques are the most common methods for preparation of graphene nanosheets for biomedical applications due to their high yield and scalability. Further modification of these methods is necessary to produce biocompatible and toxin-free graphene that can be safely incorporated into biological media. Here, we describe protocols for chemical and mechanical exfoliation of graphite to produce endotoxin-free and highly stable graphene oxide and graphene dispersions. Additional protocols are provided for proper pre- and post-processing of nanosheets and endotoxin measurement techniques. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsa Parviz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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128
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Lebre F, Hanlon D, Boland JB, Coleman J, Lavelle EC. Exfoliation in Endotoxin‐Free Albumin Generates Pristine Graphene with Reduced Inflammatory Properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Lebre
- Adjuvant Research GroupSchool of Biochemistry and ImmunologyTrinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
| | - Damien Hanlon
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- School of PhysicsUniversity of DublinTrinity College Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - John B. Boland
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- School of PhysicsUniversity of DublinTrinity College Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Jonathan Coleman
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- School of PhysicsUniversity of DublinTrinity College Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Ed C. Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research GroupSchool of Biochemistry and ImmunologyTrinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
- Advanced Materials Bio‐Engineering Research Centre (AMBER)Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 D02 PN40 Ireland
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129
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Song JH, Yu HW, Ham MH, Kim IS. Tunable Ion Sieving of Graphene Membranes through the Control of Nitrogen-Bonding Configuration. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:5506-5513. [PMID: 30080971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-oxide (GO) membranes with notable ionic-sieving properties have attracted significant attention for many applications. However, the swelling and unstable nanostructure of GO laminates in water results in enlarged interlayer spacing and a low permeation cut-off, limiting their applicability for water purification and desalination. Herein, we propose novel nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) membranes for use in tunable ion sieving that are made via facile fabrication by a time-dependent N-doping technique. Doping reaction time associated variation in atomic content and bonding configurations strongly contributed to the nanostructure of NG laminates by yielding narrower interlayer spacing and a more-polarized surface than GO. These nanostructural features subsequently allowed ion transport through the combined mechanisms of size exclusion and electrostatic interaction. The stacked NG membranes provided size-dependent permeability for hydrated ions and improved ion selectivity by 1-3 orders of magnitude in comparison to that of a GO membrane. For ions small enough to move through the interlayer spacing, the ion permeation is determined by electrostatic properties of NG membranes with the type of N configuration, especially polarized pyridinic N. Due to these properties, the NG membrane functioned as an unconventionally selective graphene-based membrane with better ion sieving for water purification.
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130
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Bertolazzi S, Gobbi M, Zhao Y, Backes C, Samorì P. Molecular chemistry approaches for tuning the properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6845-6888. [PMID: 30043037 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00169c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, such as ultrathin layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), offer a unique combination of electronic, optical and mechanical properties, and hold potential to enable a host of new device applications spanning from flexible/wearable (opto)electronics to energy-harvesting and sensing technologies. A critical requirement for developing practical and reliable electronic devices based on semiconducting TMDs consists in achieving a full control over their charge-carrier polarity and doping. Inconveniently, such a challenging task cannot be accomplished by means of well-established doping techniques (e.g. ion implantation and diffusion), which unavoidably damage the 2D crystals resulting in degraded device performances. Nowadays, a number of alternatives are being investigated, including various (supra)molecular chemistry approaches relying on the combination of 2D semiconductors with electroactive donor/acceptor molecules. As yet, a large variety of molecular systems have been utilized for functionalizing 2D TMDs via both covalent and non-covalent interactions. Such research endeavours enabled not only the tuning of the charge-carrier doping but also the engineering of the optical, electronic, magnetic, thermal and sensing properties of semiconducting TMDs for specific device applications. Here, we will review the most enlightening recent advancements in experimental (supra)molecular chemistry methods for tailoring the properties of atomically-thin TMDs - in the form of substrate-supported or solution-dispersed nanosheets - and we will discuss the opportunities and the challenges towards the realization of novel hybrid materials and devices based on 2D semiconductors and molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Bertolazzi
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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131
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Kłopotowski Ł, Czechowski N, Mitioglu AA, Backes C, Maude DK, Plochocka P. Long-lived photoluminescence polarization of localized excitons in liquid exfoliated monolayer enriched WS 2. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:335703. [PMID: 29790860 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aac73e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) constitute a family of materials, in which coupled spin-valley physics can be explored and which could find applications in novel optoelectronic devices. However, before applications can be designed, a scalable method of monolayer extraction is required. Liquid phase exfoliation is a technique providing large quantities of the monolayer material, but the spin-valley properties of thus obtained TMDs are unknown. In this work, we employ steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) to investigate the relaxation dynamics of localized excitons (LXs) in liquid exfoliated WS2. The results reveal that the circular polarization lifetime of the PL exceeds by at least an order of magnitude the PL lifetime. A rate equations model allows us to reproduce quantitatively the experimental data and to conclude that the observed large and long-lived PL polarization originates from efficient trapping of free excitons at localization sites hindering the intervalley relaxation. Furthermore, our results show that the depolarization process is inefficient for LXs. We discuss various mechanisms leading to this effect such as suppression of intervalley scattering of the LXs or inefficient spin relaxation of the holes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ł Kłopotowski
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
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132
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Maleski K, Ren CE, Zhao MQ, Anasori B, Gogotsi Y. Size-Dependent Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Two-Dimensional MXene Flakes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:24491-24498. [PMID: 29956920 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) particles, including transition metal carbides (MXenes), often exhibit large lateral-size polydispersity in delaminated colloidal solutions. This heterogeneity results in challenges when conducting fundamental studies, such as investigating correlations between properties and the 2D flake size. To resolve this challenge, we have developed solution-processable techniques to control and sort 2D titanium carbide (Ti3C2T x) MXene flakes after synthesis based on sonication and density gradient centrifugation, respectively. By tuning the sonication conditions, Ti3C2T x flakes with varied lateral sizes, ranging from 0.1 to ∼5 μm, can be obtained. Furthermore, density gradient centrifugation was used to sort Ti3C2T x flakes with different lateral sizes into more monodisperse fractions. These processing techniques allow for the characterization of size-dependent optical and electronic properties by measuring the absorption spectra and film conductivity, respectively. Additionally, by testing the material as electrochemical capacitor electrodes, we show the Ti3C2T x flake-size dependence of electrochemical performance. Ti3C2T x films made of flakes with lateral sizes of ∼1 μm showed the best capacitance of 290 F/g at 2 mV/s and rate performance with 200 F/g at 1000 mV/s. The work provides a general methodology which can be followed to control the size of MXenes and other 2D materials for a variety of applications and fundamental size-dependent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Maleski
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Chang E Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Meng-Qiang Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Babak Anasori
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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133
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Yang W, Qu G, Chen M, Ma W, Li W, Tang Y. Effective NaBH 4-exfoliated ultrathin multilayer Co(OH) 2 nanosheets arrays and sulfidation for energy storage. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:295403. [PMID: 29708506 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aac158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Facile engineering ultrathin nano structural materials is still a huge challenge for material science. Thereinto, the strategy of exfoliating shows great advantages. In this work, we develop a convenient approach to exfoliate Co(OH)2 nanosheets into ultrathin Co(OH)2 nanoflakes through NaBH4-exfoliation method. Moreover, the microstructures of the Co(OH)2 nanosheets are conveniently controlled by varying the exfoliation time. As a result, the obtained ultrathin Co(OH)2-72 h nanosheets deliver the excellent electrochemical performance. In order to improve the energy storage properties, the obtained ultrathin Co(OH)2 nanosheets are further modified to enhance the conductivity via sulfidation. Consequently, the synthesized Co(OH)2-72 h/CoS2 composites exhibit a specific capacitance of 2536 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, which is more outstanding than that of Co(OH)2-72 h. What's more, the Co(OH)2-72 h/CoS2 composites show a capacitance retention of 83.3% after 10 000 cycles. Besides, the assembled asymmetric supercapacitor displays a power density of 482 W kg-1 at an energy density of 36 Wh kg-1, demonstrating a large potential for application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Yang
- Institute of Nano-Science and Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
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134
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Velický M, Hendren WR, Donnelly GE, Katzen JM, Bowman RM, Huang F. Optimising the visibility of graphene and graphene oxide on gold with multilayer heterostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:275205. [PMID: 29664413 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aabec1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metals have been increasingly used as substrates in devices based on two-dimensional (2D) materials. However, the high reflectivity of bulk metals results in low optical contrast (<3%) and therefore poor visibility of transparent mono- and few-layer 2D materials on these surfaces. Here we demonstrate that by engineering the complex reflectivity of a purpose-designed multilayer heterostructure composed of thin Au films (2-8 nm) on SiO2/Si substrate, the optical contrast of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) can be significantly enhanced in comparison to bulk Au, up to about 3 and 5 times, respectively. In particular, we achieved ∼17% optical contrast for monolayer GO, which is even 2 times higher than that on bare SiO2/Si substrate. The experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical simulations. This concept is demonstrated for Au, but the methodology is applicable to other metals and can be adopted to design a variety of high-contrast metallic substrates. This will facilitate research and applications of 2D materials in areas such as plasmonics, photonics, catalysis and sensors.
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135
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Song D, Secor EB, Wang Y, Hersam MC, Frisbie CD. Transfer Printing of Sub-5 μm Graphene Electrodes for Flexible Microsupercapacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:22303-22310. [PMID: 29894146 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Printed graphene microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are attractive for scalable and low-cost on-chip energy storage for distributed electronic devices. Although electronic devices have experienced significant scaling to smaller formats, the corresponding miniaturization of energy storage components has been limited, with a typical resolution of ∼30 μm for printed graphene patterns to date. Transfer printing is demonstrated here for patterning graphene electrodes with fine line and spacing resolution less than 5 μm. The resulting devices exhibit an exceptionally small footprint (∼0.0067 mm2), which provides, to the best of our knowledge, the smallest printed graphene MSCs. Despite this, the devices retain excellent performance with a high areal capacitance of ∼6.63 mF/cm2 along with excellent electrochemical stability and mechanical flexibility, resulting from an efficient nonplanar electrode structure and an optimized two-step photoannealing method. As a result, this miniaturization strategy facilitates the on-chip integration of printed graphene MSCs to power emerging electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ethan B Secor
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern University , 2220 Campus Drive , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | | | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Northwestern University , 2220 Campus Drive , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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136
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Garlapati SK, Divya M, Breitung B, Kruk R, Hahn H, Dasgupta S. Printed Electronics Based on Inorganic Semiconductors: From Processes and Materials to Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707600. [PMID: 29952112 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Following the ever-expanding technological demands, printed electronics has shown palpable potential to create new and commercially viable technologies that will benefit from its unique characteristics, such as, large-area and wide range of substrate compatibility, conformability and low-cost. Through the last few decades, printed/solution-processed field-effect transistors (FETs) and circuits have witnessed immense research efforts, technological growth and increased commercial interests. Although printing of functional inks comprising organic semiconductors has already been initiated in early 1990s, gradually the attention, at least partially, has been shifted to various forms of inorganic semiconductors, starting from metal chalcogenides, oxides, carbon nanotubes and very recently to graphene and other 2D semiconductors. In this review, the entire domain of printable inorganic semiconductors is considered. In fact, thanks to the continuous development of materials/functional inks and novel design/printing strategies, the inorganic printed semiconductor-based circuits today have reached an operation frequency up to several hundreds of kilohertz with only a few nanosecond time delays at the individual FET/inverter levels; in this regard, often circuits based on hybrid material systems have been found to be advantageous. At the end, a comparison of relative successes of various printable inorganic semiconductor materials, the remaining challenges and the available future opportunities are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar Garlapati
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Mitta Divya
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Ben Breitung
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Robert Kruk
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Horst Hahn
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- KIT-TUD Joint Research Laboratory Nanomaterials, Technische Universität Darmstadt (TUD), Institute of Materials Science, Jovanka-Bontschits-Str. 2, ,64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Subho Dasgupta
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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137
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Xia W, Vargas-Lara F, Keten S, Douglas JF. Structure and Dynamics of a Graphene Melt. ACS NANO 2018; 12:5427-5435. [PMID: 29787245 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We explore the structural and dynamic properties of bulk materials composed of graphene nanosheets using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Remarkably, our results show clear evidence that bulk graphene materials exhibit a fluid-like behavior similar to linear polymer melts at elevated temperatures and that these materials transform into a glassy-like "foam" state at temperatures below the glass-transition temperature ( Tg) of these materials. Distinct from an isolated graphene sheet, which exhibits a relatively flat shape with fluctuations, we find that graphene sheets in a melt state structurally adopt more "crumpled" configurations and correspondingly smaller sizes, as normally found for ordinary polymers in the melt. Upon approaching the glass transition, these two-dimensional polymeric materials exhibit a dramatic slowing down of their dynamics that is likewise similar to ordinary linear polymer glass-forming liquids. Bulk graphene materials in their glassy foam state have an exceptionally large free-volume and high thermal stability due to their high Tg (≈ 1600 K) as compared to conventional polymer materials. Our findings show that graphene melts have interesting lubricating and "plastic" flow properties at elevated temperatures, and suggest that graphene foams are highly promising as high surface filtration materials and fire suppression additives for improving the thermal conductivities and mechanical reinforcement of polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xia
- Materials Science & Engineering Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | - Fernando Vargas-Lara
- Materials Science & Engineering Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | | | - Jack F Douglas
- Materials Science & Engineering Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
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138
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Petroni E, Lago E, Bellani S, Boukhvalov DW, Politano A, Gürbulak B, Duman S, Prato M, Gentiluomo S, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Panda JK, Toth PS, Del Rio Castillo AE, Pellegrini V, Bonaccorso F. Liquid-Phase Exfoliated Indium-Selenide Flakes and Their Application in Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800749. [PMID: 29845748 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Single- and few-layered InSe flakes are produced by the liquid-phase exfoliation of β-InSe single crystals in 2-propanol, obtaining stable dispersions with a concentration as high as 0.11 g L-1 . Ultracentrifugation is used to tune the morphology, i.e., the lateral size and thickness of the as-produced InSe flakes. It is demonstrated that the obtained InSe flakes have maximum lateral sizes ranging from 30 nm to a few micrometers, and thicknesses ranging from 1 to 20 nm, with a maximum population centered at ≈5 nm, corresponding to 4 Se-In-In-Se quaternary layers. It is also shown that no formation of further InSe-based compounds (such as In2 Se3 ) or oxides occurs during the exfoliation process. The potential of these exfoliated-InSe few-layer flakes as a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is tested in hybrid single-walled carbon nanotubes/InSe heterostructures. The dependence of the InSe flakes' morphologies, i.e., surface area and thickness, on the HER performances is highlighted, achieving the best efficiencies with small flakes offering predominant edge effects. The theoretical model unveils the origin of the catalytic efficiency of InSe flakes, and correlates the catalytic activity to the Se vacancies at the edge of the flakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Petroni
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuele Lago
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Bellani
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Danil W Boukhvalov
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Mira Street 19, 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Antonio Politano
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Bekir Gürbulak
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Songül Duman
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, 25050, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Gentiluomo
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Jaya-Kumar Panda
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Peter S Toth
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Pellegrini
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
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139
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Spraying dynamics in continuous wave laser printing of conductive inks. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7999. [PMID: 29789662 PMCID: PMC5964245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT), though usually associated with pulsed lasers, has been recently shown to be feasible for printing liquid inks with continuous wave (CW) lasers. This is remarkable not only because of the advantages that the new approach presents in terms of cost, but also because of the surprising transfer dynamics associated with it. In this work we carry out a study of CW-LIFT aimed at understanding the new transfer dynamics and its correlation with the printing outcomes. The CW-LIFT of lines of Ag ink at different laser powers and scan speeds revealed a range of conditions that allowed printing conductive lines with good electrical properties. A fast-imaging study showed that liquid ejection corresponds to a spraying behavior completely different from the jetting characteristic of pulsed LIFT. We attribute the spray to pool-boiling in the donor film, in which bursting bubbles are responsible for liquid ejection in the form of projected droplets. The droplet motion is then modeled as the free fall of rigid spheres in a viscous medium, in good agreement with experimental observations. Finally, thermo-capillary flow in the donor film allows understanding the evolution of the morphology of the printed lines with laser power and scan speed.
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140
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Hu G, Kang J, Ng LWT, Zhu X, Howe RCT, Jones CG, Hersam MC, Hasan T. Functional inks and printing of two-dimensional materials. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:3265-3300. [PMID: 29667676 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00084k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Graphene and related two-dimensional materials provide an ideal platform for next generation disruptive technologies and applications. Exploiting these solution-processed two-dimensional materials in printing can accelerate this development by allowing additive patterning on both rigid and conformable substrates for flexible device design and large-scale, high-speed, cost-effective manufacturing. In this review, we summarise the current progress on ink formulation of two-dimensional materials and the printable applications enabled by them. We also present our perspectives on their research and technological future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Hu
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK.
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141
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Bramini M, Alberini G, Colombo E, Chiacchiaretta M, DiFrancesco ML, Maya-Vetencourt JF, Maragliano L, Benfenati F, Cesca F. Interfacing Graphene-Based Materials With Neural Cells. Front Syst Neurosci 2018; 12:12. [PMID: 29695956 PMCID: PMC5904258 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2018.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The scientific community has witnessed an exponential increase in the applications of graphene and graphene-based materials in a wide range of fields, from engineering to electronics to biotechnologies and biomedical applications. For what concerns neuroscience, the interest raised by these materials is two-fold. On one side, nanosheets made of graphene or graphene derivatives (graphene oxide, or its reduced form) can be used as carriers for drug delivery. Here, an important aspect is to evaluate their toxicity, which strongly depends on flake composition, chemical functionalization and dimensions. On the other side, graphene can be exploited as a substrate for tissue engineering. In this case, conductivity is probably the most relevant amongst the various properties of the different graphene materials, as it may allow to instruct and interrogate neural networks, as well as to drive neural growth and differentiation, which holds a great potential in regenerative medicine. In this review, we try to give a comprehensive view of the accomplishments and new challenges of the field, as well as which in our view are the most exciting directions to take in the immediate future. These include the need to engineer multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) able to cross the blood-brain-barrier to reach neural cells, and to achieve on-demand delivery of specific drugs. We describe the state-of-the-art in the use of graphene materials to engineer three-dimensional scaffolds to drive neuronal growth and regeneration in vivo, and the possibility of using graphene as a component of hybrid composites/multi-layer organic electronics devices. Last but not least, we address the need of an accurate theoretical modeling of the interface between graphene and biological material, by modeling the interaction of graphene with proteins and cell membranes at the nanoscale, and describing the physical mechanism(s) of charge transfer by which the various graphene materials can influence the excitability and physiology of neural cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Bramini
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Giulio Alberini
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Colombo
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Chiacchiaretta
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Mattia L DiFrancesco
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - José F Maya-Vetencourt
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Maragliano
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Cesca
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
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142
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Akuzum B, Maleski K, Anasori B, Lelyukh P, Alvarez NJ, Kumbur EC, Gogotsi Y. Rheological Characteristics of 2D Titanium Carbide (MXene) Dispersions: A Guide for Processing MXenes. ACS NANO 2018; 12:2685-2694. [PMID: 29463080 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the rheological properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials in suspension is critical for the development of various solution processing and manufacturing techniques. 2D carbides and nitrides (MXenes) constitute one of the largest families of 2D materials with >20 synthesized compositions and applications already ranging from energy storage to medicine to optoelectronics. However, in spite of a report on clay-like behavior, not much is known about their rheological response. In this study, rheological behavior of single- and multilayer Ti3C2T x in aqueous dispersions was investigated. Viscous and viscoelastic properties of MXene dispersions were studied over a variety of concentrations from colloidal dispersions to high loading slurries, showing that a multilayer MXene suspension with up to 70 wt % can exhibit flowability. Processing guidelines for the fabrication of MXene films, coatings, and fibers have been established based on the rheological properties. Surprisingly, high viscosity was observed at very low concentrations for solutions of single-layer MXene flakes. Single-layer colloidal solutions were found to exhibit partial elasticity even at the lowest tested concentrations (<0.20 mg/mL) due to the presence of strong surface charge and excellent hydrophilicity of MXene, making them amenable to fabrication at dilute concentrations. Overall, the findings of this study provide fundamental insights into the rheological response of this quickly growing 2D family of materials in aqueous environments as well as offer guidelines for processing of MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilen Akuzum
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
- Electrochemical Energy Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Kathleen Maleski
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Babak Anasori
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Pavel Lelyukh
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Nicolas Javier Alvarez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - E Caglan Kumbur
- Electrochemical Energy Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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143
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He P, Brent JR, Ding H, Yang J, Lewis DJ, O'Brien P, Derby B. Fully printed high performance humidity sensors based on two-dimensional materials. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:5599-5606. [PMID: 29565064 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08115d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Fully printed humidity sensors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials are described. Monolayer graphene oxide (GO) and few-layered black phosphorus (BP) flakes were dispersed in low boiling point solvents suitable for inkjet printing. The humidity sensors were fabricated by printing GO and BP sensing layers on printed silver nanoparticle electrodes. The electrical response of the GO and BP sensors to humidity levels ranges from 11 to 97% relative humidity, which revealed a high capacitance sensitivity of 4.45 × 104 times for the GO sensor and 5.08 × 103 times for the BP sensor at 10 Hz operation frequency. Response/recovery times of the GO and BP sensor were found to be 2.7/4.6 s and 4.7/3.0 s respectively. These sensors also showed sensitive and fast response to a proximal human fingertip, showing potential applications in contactless switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- P He
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - J R Brent
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - H Ding
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - J Yang
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - D J Lewis
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - P O'Brien
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK
| | - B Derby
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, UK.
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144
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Jin H, Guo C, Liu X, Liu J, Vasileff A, Jiao Y, Zheng Y, Qiao SZ. Emerging Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6337-6408. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1178] [Impact Index Per Article: 196.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Chunxian Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jinlong Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Anthony Vasileff
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Yan Jiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Yao Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Shi-Zhang Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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145
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Iannaccone G, Bonaccorso F, Colombo L, Fiori G. Quantum engineering of transistors based on 2D materials heterostructures. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 13:183-191. [PMID: 29511331 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0082-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantum engineering entails atom-by-atom design and fabrication of electronic devices. This innovative technology that unifies materials science and device engineering has been fostered by the recent progress in the fabrication of vertical and lateral heterostructures of two-dimensional materials and by the assessment of the technology potential via computational nanotechnology. But how close are we to the possibility of the practical realization of next-generation atomically thin transistors? In this Perspective, we analyse the outlook and the challenges of quantum-engineered transistors using heterostructures of two-dimensional materials against the benchmark of silicon technology and its foreseeable evolution in terms of potential performance and manufacturability. Transistors based on lateral heterostructures emerge as the most promising option from a performance point of view, even if heterostructure formation and control are in the initial technology development stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Iannaccone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Luigi Colombo
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Gianluca Fiori
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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146
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Cheng C, Zhang J, Li S, Xia Y, Nie C, Shi Z, Cuellar-Camacho JL, Ma N, Haag R. A Water-Processable and Bioactive Multivalent Graphene Nanoink for Highly Flexible Bioelectronic Films and Nanofibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30. [PMID: 29226490 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The capabilities of conductive nanomaterials to be produced in liquid form with well-defined chemical, physical, and biological properties are highly important for the construction of next-generation flexible bioelectronic devices. Although functional graphene nanomaterials can serve as attractive liquid nanoink platforms for the fabrication of bioelectronics, scalable synthesis of graphene nanoink with an integration of high colloidal stability, water processability, electrochemical activity, and especially bioactivity remains a major challenge. Here, a facile and scalable synthesis of supramolecular-functionalized multivalent graphene nanoink (mGN-ink) via [2+1] nitrene cycloaddition is reported. The mGN-ink unambiguously displays a well-defined and flat 2D morphology and shows good water processability and bioactivity. The uniquely chemical, physical, and biological properties of mGN-ink endow the constructed bioelectronic films and nanofibers with high flexibility and durability, suitable conductivity and electrochemical activity, and most importantly, good cellular compatibility and a highly efficient control of stem-cell spreading and orientation. Overall, for the first time, a water-processable and bioactive mGN-ink is developed for the design of flexible and electrochemically active bioelectronic composites and devices, which not only presents manifold possibilities for electronic-cellular applications but also establishes a new pathway for adapting macroscopic usages of graphene nanomaterials in bionic, biomedical, electronic, and even energy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jianguang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yi Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chuanxiong Nie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, 610065, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhenqiang Shi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, 610065, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jose Luis Cuellar-Camacho
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nan Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513, Teltow, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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147
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Cai X, Luo Y, Liu B, Cheng HM. Preparation of 2D material dispersions and their applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:6224-6266. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00254a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive review on the exfoliation of layer materials into 2D materials, their assembly, and applications in electronics and energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingke Cai
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC)
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI)
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
| | - Yuting Luo
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC)
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI)
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
| | - Bilu Liu
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC)
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI)
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC)
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI)
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- P. R. China
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148
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Deagen ME, Schadler LS, Ullal CK. Wetting Regimes for Residual-Layer-Free Transfer Molding at Micro- and Nanoscales. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36385-36391. [PMID: 28944657 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Transfer molding offers a low-cost approach to large-area fabrication of isolated structures in a variety of materials when recessed features of the open-faced mold are filled without leaving a residual layer on the plateaus of the mold. Considering both macroscale dewetting and microscale capillary flow, a proposed map of wetting regimes for blade meniscus coating provides a guide for achieving discontinuous dewetting at maximum throughput. Dependence of meniscus morphology on the azimuthal orientation of the stamp provides insight into the dominant mechanisms for discontinuous dewetting of one-dimensional (1-D) patterns. Critical meniscus velocity is measured and residual-layer-free filling is demonstrated for 1-D patterned soft molds (stamps) with periods ranging from 140 nm to 6 μm. Transfer of isolated lines, and multilayer woodpile structures were achieved through plasma bonding. These results are relevant to other roll-to-roll compatible processes for scalable production of high-resolution structures across large areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Deagen
- Center for Lighting Enabled Systems and Applications, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Linda S Schadler
- Center for Lighting Enabled Systems and Applications, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Chaitanya K Ullal
- Center for Lighting Enabled Systems and Applications, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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149
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Sopeña P, Arrese J, González-Torres S, Fernández-Pradas JM, Cirera A, Serra P. Low-Cost Fabrication of Printed Electronics Devices through Continuous Wave Laser-Induced Forward Transfer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:29412-29417. [PMID: 28832108 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) is a direct-writing technique that allows printing inks from a liquid film in a similar way to inkjet printing but with fewer limitations concerning ink viscosity and loading particle size. In this work, we prove that liquid inks can be printed through LIFT by using continuous wave (CW) instead of pulsed lasers, which allows a substantial reduction in the cost of the printing system. Through the fabrication of a functional circuit on both rigid and flexible substrates (plastic and paper), we provide a proof-of-concept that demonstrates the versatility of the technique for printed electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Sopeña
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona , Joan XXIII S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Arrese
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona , Joan XXIII S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio González-Torres
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona , Joan XXIII S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Marcos Fernández-Pradas
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona , Joan XXIII S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Cirera
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona , Joan XXIII S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Serra
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona , Joan XXIII S/N, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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150
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Secor EB, Gao TZ, Dos Santos MH, Wallace SG, Putz KW, Hersam MC. Combustion-Assisted Photonic Annealing of Printable Graphene Inks via Exothermic Binders. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:29418-29423. [PMID: 28820238 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput and low-temperature processing of high-performance nanomaterial inks is an important technical challenge for large-area, flexible printed electronics. In this report, we demonstrate nitrocellulose as an exothermic binder for photonic annealing of conductive graphene inks, leveraging the rapid decomposition kinetics and built-in energy of nitrocellulose to enable versatile process integration. This strategy results in superlative electrical properties that are comparable to extended thermal annealing at 350 °C, using a pulsed light process that is compatible with thermally sensitive substrates. The resulting porous microstructure and broad liquid-phase patterning compatibility are exploited for printed graphene microsupercapacitors on paper-based substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan B Secor
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ⊥Department of Chemistry, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Theodore Z Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ⊥Department of Chemistry, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Manuel H Dos Santos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ⊥Department of Chemistry, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shay G Wallace
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ⊥Department of Chemistry, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Karl W Putz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ⊥Department of Chemistry, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ⊥Department of Chemistry, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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