101
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Lian J, Guo W, Fu Y. Isomeric Organodithiol Additives for Improving Interfacial Chemistry in Rechargeable Li-S Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11063-11071. [PMID: 34264661 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have a high theoretical specific energy; however, their performance is plagued by the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and the instability of the lithium anode interface. Great efforts have been made using electrolyte additives to address the issues. Herein, we report a class of electrolyte additives, i.e., benzenedithiols (BDTs). Among the three isomers of BDTs, 1,4-BDT shows the best effect on the performance improvement of a Li-S battery because it can bond more sulfur atoms than the other two. The functionality of 1,4-BDT on the cathode and anode involves the chemical reactions of thiol groups. The S-S bonds were generated from 1,4-BDT and sulfur through oligomerization, which change the original redox path of sulfur and inhibit the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides. In addition, 1,4-BDT can form a smooth and stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), which can enable the Li/Li symmetric cell with an ultralow overpotential of 0.08 V at a high current density of 5 mA cm-2 for over 300 h. The Li-S cell with 1,4-BDT displays the highest cycling stability at a C/5 rate, with an initial capacity of 1548.5 mAh g-1 and a reversible capacity of 1306.9 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles. The Li-S pouch cell with 1,4-BDT and 2.8 g of sulfur exhibits an initial capacity of 2640 mAh and a capacity retention rate of 84.2% after 26 cycles at a C/10 rate. This work demonstrates that organodithiol compounds can be used as functional electrolyte additives and provides a new direction to design materials for advanced Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lian
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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102
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Wei J, Yue H, Shi Z, Li Z, Li X, Yin Y, Yang S. In Situ Gel Polymer Electrolyte with Inhibited Lithium Dendrite Growth and Enhanced Interfacial Stability for Lithium-Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:32486-32494. [PMID: 34227378 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The practical application of lithium-metal anodes in high-energy-density rechargeable lithium batteries is hindered by the uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites and limited cycle life. An ether-based gel polymer electrolyte (GPE-H) is developed through in situ polymerization method, which has close contact with the electrode interface. Based on DFT calculations, it was confirmed that the cationic groups produced by polar solvent tris(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl) (HFiP) initiate the ring-opening polymerization of DOL in the battery. As a result, GPE-H achieves considerable ionic conductivity (1.6 × 10-3 S cm-1) at ambient temperature, high lithium-ion transference number (tLi+ > 0.6) and an electrochemical stability window as high as 4.5 V. GPE-H can achieve up to 800 h uniform lithium plating/stripping at a current density of 1.65 mA cm-2 in Li symmetrical batteries. Li-S and LiFePO4 batteries using this GPE-H have long cycle performances at ambient temperature and high Coulomb efficiency (CE > 99.2%). From the above, in situ polymerized GPE-H electrolytes are promising candidates for high-energy-density rechargeable lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Wei
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Hongyun Yue
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhenpu Shi
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yanhong Yin
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- National & Local Engineering Laboratory for Motive Power and Key Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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103
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Zheng J, Sun C, Wang Z, Liu S, An B, Sun Z, Li F. Double Ionic-Electronic Transfer Interface Layers for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18448-18453. [PMID: 34018293 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale implementation of all-solid-state lithium batteries is impeded by the physical limitations of the interface between the electrode and solid electrolyte; specifically, high resistance and poor stability, as well as poor compatibility with Li+ migration. We report double ionic-electronic transfer interface layers grown at electrode-electrolyte interfaces by in situ polymerization of 2,2'-bithiophene in polyethylene oxide (PEO) electrolyte. For all-solid-state LiFePO4 ∥PT-PEO-PT∥Li cells, the formation of a conductive polythiophene (PT) layer at the cathode-electrolyte interface resulted in an at least sevenfold decrease in interface resistance, and realized a capacity retention of about 94 % after 1000 cycles along with a lower polarization voltage under a rate of 2 C. The mixed ionic-electronic conductive layers imparted superior interface stability and contact while keeping good compatibility with the Li anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China
| | - Chengguo Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China.,Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang, 110016, China.,School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China
| | - Baigang An
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, China
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Feng Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenyang, 110016, China
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104
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Chen D, Liu P, Zhong L, Wang S, Xiao M, Han D, Huang S, Meng Y. Covalent Organic Frameworks with Low Surface Work Function Enabled Stable Lithium Anode. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101496. [PMID: 34142443 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Uniform deposition and distribution of lithium ion (Li+ ) on the surface of lithium metal anode is crucial for long-life and high-safety lithium metal batteries. However, the preparation of stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) is mostly based on trial and error in the absence of guideline. Herein, covalent organic framework (COF) with high Young's modulus and low surface work function is in situ synthesized on Li anode to stabilize Li|electrolyte interface. Notably, Young's modulus, mechanical index for Li dendrite resistance, and surface work function, electrical index for Li+ distribution, can be regarded as macroscopically detectable indicators to evaluate the artificial SEI before battery assembly. The COFTpPa modified Li metal anodes delivered stable cycling over 1000 (2000) h at high current density of 5 (2) mA cm-2 in the ether-based electrolyte, and the full cells with commercial LiFePO4 electrode (mass loading of 16.5 mg cm-2 ) demonstrate remarkably enhanced cycling performance with a high reversible capacity of 152.3 mAh g-1 (retention of 96.8%) after 300 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province/State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province/State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province/State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Shuanjin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province/State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Min Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province/State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province/State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yuezhong Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province/State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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105
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Ma Q, Yue J, Fan M, Tan SJ, Zhang J, Wang WP, Liu Y, Tian YF, Xu Q, Yin YX, You Y, Luo A, Xin S, Wu XW, Guo YG. Formulating the Electrolyte Towards High-Energy and Safe Rechargeable Lithium-Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16554-16560. [PMID: 33955135 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable lithium-metal batteries with a cell-level specific energy of >400 Wh kg-1 are highly desired for next-generation storage applications, yet the research has been retarded by poor electrolyte-electrode compatibility and rigorous safety concerns. We demonstrate that by simply formulating the composition of conventional electrolytes, a hybrid electrolyte was constructed to ensure high (electro)chemical and thermal stability with both the Li-metal anode and the nickel-rich layered oxide cathodes. By employing the new electrolyte, Li∥LiNi0.6 Co0.2 Mn0.2 O2 cells show favorable cycling and rate performance, and a 10 Ah Li∥LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 pouch cell demonstrates a practical specific energy of >450 Wh kg-1 . Our findings shed light on reasonable design principles for electrolyte and electrode/electrolyte interfaces toward practical realization of high-energy rechargeable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, P. R. China
| | - Junpei Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Min Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Jie Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Peng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Quan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Xia Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Ya You
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - An Luo
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Sen Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiong-Wei Wu
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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106
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Ma Q, Yue J, Fan M, Tan S, Zhang J, Wang W, Liu Y, Tian Y, Xu Q, Yin Y, You Y, Luo A, Xin S, Wu X, Guo Y. Formulating the Electrolyte Towards High‐Energy and Safe Rechargeable Lithium–Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan 410128 P. R. China
| | - Junpei Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Min Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Shuang‐Jie Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Peng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Nanozyme Medical Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Fan Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Quan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Xia Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Ya You
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 Hubei P. R. China
| | - An Luo
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Sen Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Xiong‐Wei Wu
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan 410128 P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Guo Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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107
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Wang D, Liu H, Liu F, Ma G, Yang J, Gu X, Zhou M, Chen Z. Phase-Separation-Induced Porous Lithiophilic Polymer Coating for High-Efficiency Lithium Metal Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4757-4764. [PMID: 34037405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) plays a pivotal role in stabilizing lithium (Li) metal anode for rechargeable batteries. However, electrolyte-derived SEI often suffers from poor stability, leading to Li dendrite growth, consumption of electrolyte, and short cycle life. Here, we report a porous lithiophilic polymer coating induced by phase separation of polyvinylidenefluoride-polyacrylonitrile (PVDF-PAN) blends for stabilizing Li metal anode. Different from single polymer coating, PVDF-PAN blends protective layer with porous structures caused by phase separation can provide effective Li+ transport channels and regulate uniform Li+ flux. The lithiophilic functional groups of C≡N and C-F can promote uniform Li deposition and accelerate Li+ diffusion at the same time during plating/stripping process. As a result, Li||NCM811 full cells using PVDF-PAN coated Li present an apparently improved cycling stability and higher Coulombic efficiency with lean electrolyte (7.5 μL mA h-1), limited Li supply (N/P ratio = 2.4), and high areal capacity (4.0 mA h cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, R&D Center for Petrochemical Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Guorong Ma
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Device, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406 United States
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Device, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406 United States
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, United States
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Program of Chemical Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Sustainable Power and Energy Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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108
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Chen C, Guan J, Li NW, Lu Y, Luan D, Zhang CH, Cheng G, Yu L, Lou XWD. Lotus-Root-Like Carbon Fibers Embedded with Ni-Co Nanoparticles for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Anodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100608. [PMID: 33960042 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The growth of lithium (Li) dendrites and the huge volume change are the critical issues for the practical applications of Li-metal anodes. In this work, a spatial control strategy is proposed to address the above challenges using lotus-root-like Ni-Co hollow prisms@carbon fibers (NCH@CFs) as the host. The homogeneously distributed bimetallic Ni-Co particles on the N-doped carbon fibers serve as nucleation sites to effectively reduce the overpotential for Li nucleation. Furthermore, the 3D conductive network can alter the electric field. More importantly, the hierarchical lotus-root-like hollow fibers provide sufficient void space to withstand the volume expansion during Li deposition. These structural features guide the uniform Li nucleation and non-dendritic growth. As a result, the NCH@CFs host enables a very stable Li metal anode with a low voltage hysteresis during repeated Li plating/stripping for 1200 h at a current density of 1 mA cm-2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jun Guan
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Nian Wu Li
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yue Lu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Deyan Luan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Cai Hong Zhang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Guang Cheng
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Le Yu
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Wen David Lou
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
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109
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Lan Y, Liu Y, Li J, Chen D, He G, Parkin IP. Natural Clay-Based Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2004036. [PMID: 34105287 PMCID: PMC8188194 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Among various energy storage and conversion materials, functionalized natural clays display significant potentials as electrodes, electrolytes, separators, and nanofillers in energy storage and conversion devices. Natural clays have porous structures, tunable specific surface areas, remarkable thermal and mechanical stabilities, abundant reserves, and cost-effectiveness. In addition, natural clays deliver the advantages of high ionic conductivity and hydrophilicity, which are beneficial properties for solid-state electrolytes. This review article provides an overview toward the recent advancements in natural clay-based energy materials. First, it comprehensively summarizes the structure, classification, and chemical modification methods of natural clays to make them suitable in energy storage and conversion devices. Then, the particular attention is focused on the application of clays in the fields of lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, zinc-ion batteries, chloride-ion batteries, supercapacitors, solar cells, and fuel cells. Finally, the possible future research directions are provided for natural clays as energy materials. This review aims at facilitating the rapid developments of natural clay-based energy materials through a fruitful discussion from inorganic and materials chemistry aspects, and also promotes the broad sphere of clay-based materials for other utilization, such as effluent treatment, heavy metal removal, and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJLondonUK
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Yiyang Liu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJLondonUK
| | - Jianwei Li
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJLondonUK
| | - Dajun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Guanjie He
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJLondonUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LincolnBrayford PoolLincolnLN6 7TSUK
| | - Ivan P. Parkin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJLondonUK
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110
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Guo W, Zhang W, Si Y, Wang D, Fu Y, Manthiram A. Artificial dual solid-electrolyte interfaces based on in situ organothiol transformation in lithium sulfur battery. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3031. [PMID: 34050171 PMCID: PMC8163853 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The interfacial instability of the lithium-metal anode and shuttling of lithium polysulfides in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries hinder the commercial application. Herein, we report a bifunctional electrolyte additive, i.e., 1,3,5-benzenetrithiol (BTT), which is used to construct solid-electrolyte interfaces (SEIs) on both electrodes from in situ organothiol transformation. BTT reacts with lithium metal to form lithium 1,3,5-benzenetrithiolate depositing on the anode surface, enabling reversible lithium deposition/stripping. BTT also reacts with sulfur to form an oligomer/polymer SEI covering the cathode surface, reducing the dissolution and shuttling of lithium polysulfides. The Li-S cell with BTT delivers a specific discharge capacity of 1,239 mAh g-1 (based on sulfur), and high cycling stability of over 300 cycles at 1C rate. A Li-S pouch cell with BTT is also evaluated to prove the concept. This study constructs an ingenious interface reaction based on bond chemistry, aiming to solve the inherent problems of Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Wanying Zhang
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yubing Si
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Donghai Wang
- grid.29857.310000 0001 2097 4281Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA USA
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- grid.89336.370000 0004 1936 9924Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USA
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Lorandi F, Liu T, Fantin M, Manser J, Al-Obeidi A, Zimmerman M, Matyjaszewski K, Whitacre JF. Comparative performance of ex situ artificial solid electrolyte interphases for Li metal batteries with liquid electrolytes. iScience 2021; 24:102578. [PMID: 34142061 PMCID: PMC8184660 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of artificial solid electrolyte interphases (ASEIs) that overcome the traditional instability of Li metal anodes can accelerate the deployment of high-energy Li metal batteries (LMBs). By building the ASEI ex situ, its structure and composition is finely tuned to obtain a coating layer that regulates Li electrodeposition, while containing morphology and volumetric changes at the electrode. This review analyzes the structure-performance relationship of several organic, inorganic, and hybrid materials used as ASEIs in academic and industrial research. The electrochemical performance of ASEI-coated electrodes in symmetric and full cells was compared to identify the ASEI and cell designs that enabled to approach practical targets for high-energy LMBs. The comparative performance and the examined relation between ASEI thickness and cell-level specific energy emphasize the necessity of employing testing conditions aligned with practical battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lorandi
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Corresponding author
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Marco Fantin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joe Manser
- Ionic Materials, Inc., 10-L, Commerce Way, Woburn, MA 01801, USA
| | - Ahmed Al-Obeidi
- Ionic Materials, Inc., 10-L, Commerce Way, Woburn, MA 01801, USA
| | | | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Corresponding author
| | - Jay F. Whitacre
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Scott Institute for Energy Innovation, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Corresponding author
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Han B, Zou Y, Ke R, Li T, Zhang Z, Wang C, Gu M, Deng Y, Yao J, Meng H. Stable Lithium Metal Anodes with a GaO x Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Damp Air. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:21467-21473. [PMID: 33938748 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a promising high energy density electrode material for rechargeable batteries, lithium (Li) metal is still suffering from air/water instability due to its highly reactive nature. In addition, the Li dendrite issue in Li metal batteries needs to be resolved to ensure the safety of batteries and for wide applications. Herein, we demonstrate that a simple compact GaOx layer formed using liquid metal (LM) can act as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase to block moisture and oxygen in the air from corroding the lithium metal. Interestingly, GaOx that covered the electrode effectively inhibits Li dendrite growth in electrochemistry cycling, ensuring the safety of Li metal batteries. The exposed composite Li metal anode (exposed under ambient air with relative humidity (RA) ≈ 75% for 5 h) not only shows a superior stability (symmetrical cell) but also delivers an elevated cycling stability (>500 cycles at 0.5 and 1 C) with a sulfur@C cathode in the full-cell configuration. Our work provides a new pathway for the large-scale applications of the air/water-tolerant Li metal anode in rechargeable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yucheng Zou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ruohong Ke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tengteng Li
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chaoyang Wang
- Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Meng Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yonghong Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianquan Yao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hong Meng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Li J, Wang Z, Yang L, Liu Y, Xing Y, Zhang S, Xu H. A Flexible Li-Air Battery Workable under Harsh Conditions Based on an Integrated Structure: A Composite Lithium Anode Encased in a Gel Electrolyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:18627-18637. [PMID: 33826284 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flexible lithium-air batteries (FLABs) with ultrahigh theoretical energy density are considered as the most promising energy storage devices for next-generation flexible and wearable electronics. However, their practical application is seriously hindered by various obstacles, including bulky and rigid electrodes, instability/low conductivity of electrolytes, and especially, the inherent semi-open structure. When operated in ambient air, moisture penetrated from an air cathode inevitably corrodes a Li metal anode, and most of the reported FLABs can only work under a pure oxygen or specific air (relative humidity: <40%) atmosphere, which cannot be regarded as a real "lithium-air battery". Herein, the author designed an innovative battery configuration by the synergy of a 3D open-structured Co3O4@MnO2 cathode and an integrated structure: a composite lithium anode encased in a gel electrolyte. A composite lithium anode fabricated through a simple, low-cost, and effective rolling method significantly relieves the fatigue fracture of the lithium electrode. Subsequently, an in situ-formed gel electrolyte encloses the composite lithium electrode, which not only reduces the electrode/electrolyte interfacial resistance but also acts as a protective layer, effectively preventing the lithium anode from corrosion. Consequentially, the battery can achieve more than 100 stable cycles in ambient air with a high relative humidity of 50%. To our surprise, the FLAB remains operational under extreme conditions, such as bending, twisting, clipping, and even soaking in water, demonstrating widespread applications in flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Li
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Beihang School, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yalan Xing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Shichao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Huaizhe Xu
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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Electrolytes enriched by potassium perfluorinated sulfonates for lithium metal batteries. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:685-693. [PMID: 36654444 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal is widely considered as a promising anode for next-generation lithium metal batteries (LMBs) due to its high theoretical capacity and lowest electrochemical potential. However, the uncontrollable formation of Li dendrites has prevented its practical application. Herein, we propose a kind of multi-functional electrolyte additives (potassium perfluorinated sulfonates) from the multi-factor principle for electrolyte additive molecular design (EDMD) view to suppress the Li dendrite growth. The effects of these additives are revealed through experimental results, molecular dynamics simulations and first-principles calculations. Firstly, K+ can form an electrostatic shield on the surface of Li anode to prevent the growth of Li dendrites. Secondly, potassium perfluorinated sulfonates can improve the activity of electrolytes as co-conductive salts, and lower the electro-potential of Li nucleation. Thirdly, perfluorinated sulfonate anions not only can change the Li+ solvation sheath structure to decrease the desolvation energy barrier and increase the ion migration rate, but also can be partly decomposed to form the superior solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Benefited from the synergistic effects, an outstanding cycle life over 250 h at 1 mA cm-2 is achieved in symmetric Li||Li cells. In particular, potassium perfluorinated sulfonate additives (e.g., potassium perfluorohexyl sulfonate, denoted as K+PFHS) can also contribute to the formation of high-quality cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI). As a result, Li||LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 full cells exhibit significantly enhanced cycling stability. This multi-factor principle for EDMD offers a unique insight on understanding the electrochemical behavior of ion-type electrolyte additives on both the Li metal anode and high-voltage cathode.
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Tan L, Sun Y, Wei C, Tao Y, Tian Y, An Y, Zhang Y, Xiong S, Feng J. Design of Robust, Lithiophilic, and Flexible Inorganic-Polymer Protective Layer by Separator Engineering Enables Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Batteries with LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 Cathode. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007717. [PMID: 33690967 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a promising candidate for the high energy density cells, the practical application of lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) is still extremely hindered by the uncontrolled growth of lithium (Li) dendrites. Herein, a facile strategy is developed that enables dendrite-free Li deposition by coating highly-lithiophilic amorphous SiO microparticles combined with high-binding polyacrylate acid (SiO@PAA) on polyethylene separators. A lithiated SiO and PAA (lithiated-SiO/PAA) protective layer with synergistic flexible and robust features is formed on the Li metal anode via the in situ reaction to offer outstanding interfacial stability during long-term cycles. By suppressing the formation of dead Li and random Li deposition, reducing the side reaction, and buffering the volume changes during the lithium deposition and dissolution, such a protective layer realizes a dendrite-free morphology of Li metal anode. Furthermore, sufficient ionic conductivity, uniform lithium-ion flux, and interface adaptability is guaranteed by the lithiated-SiO and Li polyacrylate acid. As a result, Li metal anodes display significantly enhanced cycling stability and coulombic efficiency in Li||Li and Cu||Li cells. When the composite separator is applied in a full cell with a carbonate-based electrolyte and LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 cathode, it exhibits three times longer lifespan than control cell at current density of 5 C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Tan
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Chuanliang Wei
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Tao
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Yongling An
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Yuchan Zhang
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Shenglin Xiong
- School of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Jinkui Feng
- Research Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
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Han Z, Zhang C, Lin Q, Zhang Y, Deng Y, Han J, Wu D, Kang F, Yang QH, Lv W. A Protective Layer for Lithium Metal Anode: Why and How. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2001035. [PMID: 34927844 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202001035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal is the most promising candidate anode material for high energy density batteries, but its high activity and severe dendrite growth lead to safety concerns and limit its practical use. Constructing a protective layer (PL) on the lithium surface to avoid the side reactions and stabilize the electrode-electrolyte interface is an effective approach to solve these problems. In this review, the recent progress on PLs is summarized, and their desired properties and design principles are discussed from the aspects of materials selection and the corresponding fabrication methods. Advanced PLs with different properties are then highlighted, including a self-adjusting feature to increase structural integrity, the synergistic effect of organic and inorganic hybrids to improve mechanical properties and ionic conductivity, the use of embedded groups and ion diffusion channels to regulate ion distribution and flux, and a protective barrier to suppress corrosion from humid air or water. Finally, the remaining challenges and the possible solutions for PL design in future studies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Han
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qiaowei Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yunbo Zhang
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yaqian Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Junwei Han
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dingcai Wu
- Materials Science Institute PCFM Lab and GDHPRC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Quan-Hong Yang
- Nanoyang Group, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Graphene-based Materials and Engineering Laboratory for Functionalized Carbon Materials, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Zhang Y, Sun C. Composite Lithium Protective Layer Formed In Situ for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12099-12105. [PMID: 33653027 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal is considered as the ideal anode for next-generation rechargeable batteries due to its highest theoretical specific capacity and lowest electrochemical potential. However, lithium dendrite growth during lithium deposition could lead to a short circuit and even cause severe safety issues. Here, we use solid-state electrolyte Li3InCl6 as an additive in nonaqueous electrolytes because of its high ionic conductivity (10-3 to 10-4 S cm-1) and good electrochemical stability. It is found that Li3InCl6 can in situ react with metallic lithium to form a ternary composite solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) consisting of a Li-In alloy, LiCl, and codeposited Li3InCl6. The composite SEI can effectively suppress Li dendrite growth and thereby maintain stable long-term cycling performance in lithium metal batteries. The protected lithium electrode exhibits stable cycling performance in a symmetric Li|Li battery for nearly 1000 h at a current density of 1 mA cm-2. Besides, the full battery with a LiFePO4 cathode and a metallic lithium anode delivers a stable capacity of 140.6 mA h g-1 for 500 cycles with a capacity retention of 95%. The Li|S battery with Li3InCl6-added LiTFSI in 1,3-dioxolane/1,2-dimethoxyethane electrolyte also shows significant improvement in capacity retention at 0.5 C. This work demonstrates an effective approach to design dendrite-free metal anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhen Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunwen Sun
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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119
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Wu J, Rao Z, Liu X, Shen Y, Fang C, Yuan L, Li Z, Zhang W, Xie X, Huang Y. Polycationic Polymer Layer for Air-Stable and Dendrite-Free Li Metal Anodes in Carbonate Electrolytes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007428. [PMID: 33543568 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The short cycle life and safety concerns caused by uncontrollable dendrite growth have severely hindered the commercialization of lithium metal batteries. Here, a polycationic and hydrophobic polymer protective layer fabricated by a scalable tape-casting method is developed to enable air-stable, dendrite-free, and highly efficient Li metal anodes. The polymeric cations of poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium) (PDDA) provide an electrostatic shielding effect that unifies Li+ flux at the surface of the Li anode and promotes a homogeneous Li plating, while the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI) anions bring hydrophobic characteristics and improve moisture stability. The accumulated TFSI anions by the polycationic film also facilitate the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Steady Li plating/stripping in the carbonate electrolyte can be achieved under a high areal capacity of 10 mAh cm-2 for 700 h with Li utilization efficiency up to 51.6%. LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 and LiFePO4 cells using the modified anode exhibit much improved electrochemical performance compared with the bare Li counterpart. Moreover, ultrasonic imaging shows no gas generation in the modified Li/LiFePO4 pouch cell. Mechanism investigation demonstrates the stable SEI and homogeneous Li deposition derived by the polycationic layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhixiang Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lixia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wuxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yunhui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Zhao B, Ma L, Xie H, Wu K, Wang X, Huang S, Zhu X, Zhang X, Tu Y, Chen J. Self-adaptive multiblock-copolymer-based hybrid solid-state electrolyte for safe and stable lithium-metal battery. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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121
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Pi Y, Gan Z, Yan M, Li Z, Ruan Y, Pei C, Yu H, Ge Y, An Q, Mai L. CNTs/LiV 3O 8/Y 2O 3 Composites with Enhanced Electrochemical Performances as Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:8219-8228. [PMID: 33560816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state lithium metal battery (SSLMB) is regarded as a safer energy storage system compared to the liquid one. The performance of the SSLMB depends on the cathode performance and the side reactions derived from the interface of the cathode and the electrolyte, which becomes much severe at high temperatures. Herein, we carried out a facile spray-drying route to prepare a CNTs/LiV3O8/Y2O3 (M-LVO-Y) composite. The synthesized cathode material exhibits an outstanding Li+ storage performance with a high reversible capacity of 279.9 mA h g-1 at 0.05 A g-1, excellent power capability (182.5 mA h g-1 at 2 A g-1), and a long cycle lifespan of 500 cycles with a capacity retention of 66.5% at a current density of 1 A g-1. The fabricated rechargeable solid-state Li/M-LVO-Y-2 lithium metal battery (LMB) with a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) achieves a high discharge capacity of 302.1 mA h g-1 at 0.05 A g-1 and a stable cycling performance with the highest capacity of 72.1% after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g-1 and 80 °C. The above battery performance demonstrates that SSLMBs with the CNTs/LiV3O8/Y2O3 cathode and the PEO-based SPE film can provide high energy density and are suitable for applying in a high-temperature environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhiwei Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zheng Li
- WUT Powerful Energy Co., Ltd., Hubei, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Yushan Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cunyuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yaowen Ge
- WUT Powerful Energy Co., Ltd., Hubei, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Qinyou An
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, Wuhan 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong, Foshan 528200, China
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Qiu X, Yu M, Fan G, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhao K, Ding J, Cheng F. Growing Nanostructured CuO on Copper Foil via Chemical Etching to Upgrade Metallic Lithium Anode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:6367-6374. [PMID: 33497191 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metallic lithium is one of the most promising anode materials to build next generation electrochemical power sources such as Li-air, Li-sulfur, and solid-state lithium batteries. The implementation of rechargeable Li-based batteries is plagued by issues including dendrites, pulverization, and an unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI). Herein, we report the use of nanostructured CuO in situ grown on commercial copper foil (CuO@Cu) via chemical etching as a Li-reservoir substrate to stabilize SEI formation and Li stripping/plating. The lithiophilic interconnected CuO layer enhances electrolyte wettability. Besides, a mechanically stable Li2O- and LiF-rich SEI is generated on CuO@Cu during initial discharge, which permits dense and uniform lithium deposition upon subsequent cycling. Compared with bare Cu, the CuO@Cu electrode exhibits superior performance in terms of Coulombic efficiency, discharge/charge overpotentials, and cyclability. By pairing with the Li-CuO@Cu anodes, full cells with LiFePO4 and LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathodes sustain 300 cycles with 98.8% capacity retention at 1 C and deliver a specific capacity of 80 mAh g-1 at 10 C, respectively. This work would shed light on the design of advanced current collectors with SEI modulation to upgrade lithium anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Engineering Research Center of High-efficiency Energy Storage (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Engineering Research Center of High-efficiency Energy Storage (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guilan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Engineering Research Center of High-efficiency Energy Storage (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiuding Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Engineering Research Center of High-efficiency Energy Storage (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yingli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Engineering Research Center of High-efficiency Energy Storage (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Engineering Research Center of High-efficiency Energy Storage (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiayi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Engineering Research Center of High-efficiency Energy Storage (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fangyi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Engineering Research Center of High-efficiency Energy Storage (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Chen XR, Zhao BC, Yan C, Zhang Q. Review on Li Deposition in Working Batteries: From Nucleation to Early Growth. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004128. [PMID: 33432664 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal is one of the most promising alternative anode materials of next-generation high-energy-density batteries demanded for advanced energy storage in the coming fourth industrial revolution. Nevertheless, disordered Li deposition easily causes short lifespan and safety concerns and thus severely hinders the practical applications of Li metal batteries. Tremendous efforts are devoted to understanding the mechanism for Li deposition, while the final deposition morphology tightly relies on the Li nucleation and early growth. Here, the recent progress in insightful and influential models proposed to understand the process of Li deposition from nucleation to early growth, including the heterogeneous model, surface diffusion model, crystallography model, space charge model, and Li-SEI model, are highlighted. Inspired by the abovementioned understanding on Li nucleation and early growth, diverse anode-design strategies, which contribute to better batteries with superior electrochemical performance and dendrite-free deposition behavior, are also summarized. This work broadens the horizon for practical Li metal batteries and also sheds light on more understanding of other important metal-based batteries involving the metal deposition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ru Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bo-Chen Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chong Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Zhao Y, Zhang L, Liu J, Adair K, Zhao F, Sun Y, Wu T, Bi X, Amine K, Lu J, Sun X. Atomic/molecular layer deposition for energy storage and conversion. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3889-3956. [PMID: 33523063 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00156b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Energy storage and conversion systems, including batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells, and photoelectrochemical water splitting, have played vital roles in the reduction of fossil fuel usage, addressing environmental issues and the development of electric vehicles. The fabrication and surface/interface engineering of electrode materials with refined structures are indispensable for achieving optimal performances for the different energy-related devices. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) and molecular layer deposition (MLD) techniques, the gas-phase thin film deposition processes with self-limiting and saturated surface reactions, have emerged as powerful techniques for surface and interface engineering in energy-related devices due to their exceptional capability of precise thickness control, excellent uniformity and conformity, tunable composition and relatively low deposition temperature. In the past few decades, ALD and MLD have been intensively studied for energy storage and conversion applications with remarkable progress. In this review, we give a comprehensive summary of the development and achievements of ALD and MLD and their applications for energy storage and conversion, including batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells, and photoelectrochemical water splitting. Moreover, the fundamental understanding of the mechanisms involved in different devices will be deeply reviewed. Furthermore, the large-scale potential of ALD and MLD techniques is discussed and predicted. Finally, we will provide insightful perspectives on future directions for new material design by ALD and MLD and untapped opportunities in energy storage and conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.
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125
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Chen F, Li H, Chen T, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Fan X, Zhan L, Ma L, Zhou X. Constructing crosslinked lithium polyacrylate/polyvinyl alcohol complex binder for high performance sulfur cathode in lithium-sulfur batteries. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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126
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Yu Y, Liu Y, Xie J. Building Better Li Metal Anodes in Liquid Electrolyte: Challenges and Progress. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:18-33. [PMID: 33382579 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Li metal has been widely recognized as a promising anode candidate for high-energy-density batteries. However, the inherent limitations of Li metal, that is, the low Coulombic efficiency and dendrite issues, make it still far from practical applications. In short, the low Coulombic efficiency shortens the cycle life of Li metal batteries, while the dendrite issue raises safety concerns. Thanks to the great efforts of the research community, prolific fundamental understanding as well as approaches for mitigating Li metal anode safety have been extensively explored. In this Review, Li electrochemical deposition behaviors have been systematically summarized, and recent progress in electrode design and electrolyte system optimization is reviewed. Finally, we discuss the future directions, opportunities, and challenges of Li metal anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikang Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Yadong Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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127
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Huo H, Gao J, Zhao N, Zhang D, Holmes NG, Li X, Sun Y, Fu J, Li R, Guo X, Sun X. A flexible electron-blocking interfacial shield for dendrite-free solid lithium metal batteries. Nat Commun 2021; 12:176. [PMID: 33420065 PMCID: PMC7794502 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) are considered to be the next-generation lithium-ion battery technology due to their enhanced energy density and safety. However, the high electronic conductivity of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) leads to Li dendrite nucleation and proliferation. Uneven electric-field distribution resulting from poor interfacial contact can further promote dendritic deposition and lead to rapid short circuiting of SSBs. Herein, we propose a flexible electron-blocking interfacial shield (EBS) to protect garnet electrolytes from the electronic degradation. The EBS formed by an in-situ substitution reaction can not only increase lithiophilicity but also stabilize the Li volume change, maintaining the integrity of the interface during repeated cycling. Density functional theory calculations show a high electron-tunneling energy barrier from Li metal to the EBS, indicating an excellent capacity for electron-blocking. EBS protected cells exhibit an improved critical current density of 1.2 mA cm-2 and stable cycling for over 400 h at 1 mA cm-2 (1 mAh cm-2) at room temperature. These results demonstrate an effective strategy for the suppression of Li dendrites and present fresh insight into the rational design of the SSE and Li metal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Huo
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, 266071, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongxing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Nathaniel Graham Holmes
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Xiaona Li
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Yipeng Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Jiamin Fu
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Ruying Li
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Xiangxin Guo
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, 266071, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
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128
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Wang Z, Sun Z, Li J, Shi Y, Sun C, An B, Cheng HM, Li F. Insights into the deposition chemistry of Li ions in nonaqueous electrolyte for stable Li anodes. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3178-3210. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01017k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive understanding of the Li deposition chemistry from Li+ to Li atom is crucial for suppressing dendrite formation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Juan Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Ying Shi
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Chengguo Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Liaoning
- Anshan 114051
- China
| | - Baigang An
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Liaoning
- Anshan 114051
- China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Feng Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang 110016
- China
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129
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Ming F, Liang H, Huang G, Bayhan Z, Alshareef HN. MXenes for Rechargeable Batteries Beyond the Lithium-Ion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004039. [PMID: 33217103 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Research on next-generation battery technologies (beyond Li-ion batteries, or LIBs) has been accelerating over the past few years. A key challenge for these emerging batteries has been the lack of suitable electrode materials, which severely limits their further developments. MXenes, a new class of 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides, are proposed as electrode materials for these emerging batteries due to several desirable attributes. These attributes include large and tunable interlayer spaces, excellent hydrophilicity, extraordinary conductivity, compositional diversity, and abundant surface chemistries, making MXenes promising not only as electrode materials but also as other components in the cells of emerging batteries. Herein, an overview and assessment of the utilization of MXenes in rechargeable batteries beyond LIBs, including alkali-ion (e.g., Na+ , K+ ) storage, multivalent-ion (e.g., Mg2+ , Zn2+ , and Al3+ ) storage, and metal batteries are presented. In particular, the synthetic strategies and properties of MXenes that enable MXenes to play various roles as electrodes, metal anode protective layers, sulfur hosts, separator modification layers, and conductive additives in these emerging batteries are discussed. Moreover, a perspective on promising future research directions on MXenes and MXene-based materials, ranging from material design and processing, fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms, to device performance optimization strategies is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwang Ming
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanfeng Liang
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gang Huang
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahra Bayhan
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Materials Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
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130
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Wang ZY, Lu ZX, Guo W, Luo Q, Yin YH, Liu XB, Li YS, Xia BY, Wu ZP. A Dendrite-Free Lithium/Carbon Nanotube Hybrid for Lithium-Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006702. [PMID: 33314412 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal is promising in the next-generation energy storage systems. However, its practical application is still hindered by the poor cycling performance and serious safety issues for the consequence of dendritic Li. Herein, a dendrite-free Li/carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid is proposed, which is fabricated by direct coating molten Li on CNTs, for Li-metal batteries. The favorable thermodynamic and kinetic conditions are the powerful force to drive the rapid lift upwards and infusion of molten Li into CNTs network, which is the key to form a uniform metallic layer in Li/CNTs hybrid. The obtained hybrid indicates super-stable functions even at an ultrahigh current density of 40 mA cm-2 for 2000 cycles with a stripping/plating capacity of 2 mAh cm-2 in symmetric cells. Subsequently, this hybrid also demonstrates a significantly decreased resistance, excellent cycling stability at high current density and flexibility in the full Li-S battery. This work provides valuable concepts in fabricating Li anodes toward Li-metal batteries and beyond for their high-level services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology (JXUST), Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Xu Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology (JXUST), Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qin Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology (JXUST), Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Yan Hong Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology (JXUST), Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Xian Bin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology (JXUST), Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Ye Sheng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology (JXUST), Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Bao Yu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zi Ping Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology (JXUST), Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
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131
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Bifunctional carbon monofluoride (CFx) coating on a separator for lithium-metal batteries with enhanced cycling stability. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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132
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Zuo Z, He F, Wang F, Li L, Li Y. Spontaneously Splitting Copper Nanowires into Quantum Dots on Graphdiyne for Suppressing Lithium Dendrites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2004379. [PMID: 33150673 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging carbon allotrope, the controllable growth of graphdiyne has been an important means to explore its unique scientific properties and applications. In this work, the effect of the crystal structure of copper (Cu) on the growth of graphdiyne is systematically studied. It is found that the crystal boundaries are the origin of the reaction activity. The polycrystalline Cu nanowire with many crystal boundaries is spontaneously split into Cu quantum dots (about 3 nm) by the grown graphdiyne. These Cu quantum dots are uniformly dispersed on the graphdiyne, and they block the long-range ordered growth of the graphdiyne. These Cu quantum dots in situ supported on graphdiyne demonstrate high efficiency in inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites in lithium metal batteries. Based on this interesting finding, the Cu quantum dots anchored on the all-carbon graphdiyne can be prepared on a large scale, and unique applications of Cu quantum dots in electrochemical fields can be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicheng Zuo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feng He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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133
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An interconnected silver coated carbon cloth framework as a host to reduce lithium nucleation over-potential for dendrite-free lithium metal anodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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134
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Hu G, Fan J, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Du K, Peng Z, Li L, Zhang B, Shi Y, Cao Y. Surface Architecture Design of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 Cathode with Synergistic Organics Encapsulation to Enhance Electrochemical Stability. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5699-5710. [PMID: 32818324 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ni-rich LiNi0.8 Co0.15 Al0.05 O2 (NCA) material attracts extensive attention due to its high discharge specific capacity, but its distinct drawbacks of rapid capacity decline and poor cycle performance at elevated temperatures and high voltage during charge/discharge cycling restricts its widespread application. To solve these problems, a multifunctional coating layer composed of a lithium-ion-conductive lithium polyacrylate (LiPAA) inner layer and a cross-linked polymer outer layer from certain organic substances of silane-coupling agent (KH550) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) is successfully designed on the surface of NCA materials, which is favorable for eliminating residual lithium and improving lithium-ion conductivity, surface stability, and hydrophobicity of NCA materials. In addition, the amount of the coating material is also investigated. A series of characterization methods such as XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to analyze the morphologies and structures for materials of pristine and modified NCA. It is revealed that the co-coating layer plays a vital part in reducing the surface residual alkalis and improving the stability of NCA particles; as a result, the modified NCA exhibits a greatly improved rate capability, cycle performance, and low polarization impedance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorong Hu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ju Fan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yinjia Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ke Du
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhongdong Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Luyu Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Baichao Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - You Shi
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Cao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
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135
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Xiao D, Li Q, Luo D, Li G, Liu H, Shui L, Gourley S, Zhou G, Wang X, Chen Z. Regulating the Li + -Solvation Structure of Ester Electrolyte for High-Energy-Density Lithium Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004688. [PMID: 33136327 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-energy-density Li metal batteries are hindered by electrolyte consumption and uneven lithium deposition due to the unstable lithium-electrolyte interface (SEI). In this work, tetraglyme is introduced into ester electrolyte to regulate the Li+ -solvation structures for stable SEI while remaining appropriate voltage window for high-voltage cathodes. In the modified solvation structures, an enhanced lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level occurs, resulting in relieved electrolyte degradation. In addition, the modified solvation structures can facilitate adequate LiNO3 dissolution in the ester electrolyte (denoted as E-LiNO3 ), contributing to constant supplement of constructing highly conductive LiNx Oy -containing SEI for dendrite-free Li deposition under high capacity condition. As a result, the Li||Cu cell-based on this electrolyte exhibits high Li plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency of 98.2% over 350 cycles. Furthermore, when paired with high-voltage LiNi0.5 Co0.2 Mn0.3 O2 cathodes, the E-LiNO3 enables a stable cycling with a high-energy-density of 296 Wh kg-1 based on the full cell under realistic testing conditions (lean electrolyte of 3 g Ah-1 , limited Li excess of 2.45-fold, and high areal capacity of 4 mAh cm-2 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengji Xiao
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics and International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Guangdong, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Gaoran Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Lingling Shui
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics and International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Guangdong, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Storm Gourley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Guofu Zhou
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics and International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Guangdong, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics and International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Guangdong, 510631, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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136
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Shi Y, Wan J, Liu GX, Zuo TT, Song YX, Liu B, Guo YG, Wen R, Wan LJ. Interfacial Evolution of Lithium Dendrites and Their Solid Electrolyte Interphase Shells of Quasi-Solid-State Lithium-Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18120-18125. [PMID: 32602612 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Unstable electrode/solid-state electrolyte interfaces and internal lithium dendrite penetration hamper the applications of solid-state lithium-metal batteries (SSLMBs), and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Herein, in situ optical microscopy provides insights into the lithium plating/stripping processes in a gel polymer electrolyte and reveals its dynamic evolution. Spherical lithium deposits evolve into moss-like and branch-shaped lithium dendrites with increasing current densities. Remarkably, the on-site-formed solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) shell on the lithium dendrite is distinctly captured after lithium stripping. Inducing an on-site-formed SEI shell with an enhanced modulus to wrap the lithium precipitation densely and uniformly can regulate dendrite-free behaviors. An in-depth understanding of lithium dendrite evolution and its functional SEI shell will aid in the optimization of SSLMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Xian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tong-Tong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Xian Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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137
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Ionic liquid enhanced composite solid electrolyte for high-temperature/long-life/dendrite-free lithium metal batteries. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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138
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Wang WW, Gu Y, Yan H, Li S, He JW, Xu HY, Wu QH, Yan JW, Mao BW. Evaluating Solid-Electrolyte Interphases for Lithium and Lithium-free Anodes from Nanoindentation Features. Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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139
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Li D, Yang J, Xu X, Wang X, Chen J, Xu J, Zhao N. Synergistic inhibitory effect of ultralight CNTs-COOH@Fe3O4 modified separator on polysulfides shuttling for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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140
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Lei J, Liu T, Chen J, Zheng M, Zhang Q, Mao B, Dong Q. Exploring and Understanding the Roles of Li2Sn and the Strategies to beyond Present Li-S Batteries. Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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141
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Fu J, Ji X, Chen J, Chen L, Fan X, Mu D, Wang C. Lithium Nitrate Regulated Sulfone Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Fu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Xiao Ji
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Xiulin Fan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Daobin Mu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
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142
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Fu J, Ji X, Chen J, Chen L, Fan X, Mu D, Wang C. Lithium Nitrate Regulated Sulfone Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22194-22201. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Fu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Xiao Ji
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Xiulin Fan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
| | - Daobin Mu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
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143
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Lang SY, Shen ZZ, Hu XC, Shi Y, Guo YG, Jia FF, Wang FY, Wen R, Wan LJ. Tunable structure and dynamics of solid electrolyte interphase at lithium metal anode. NANO ENERGY 2020; 75:104967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.104967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
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144
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Wang Q, Yao Z, Zhao C, Verhallen T, Tabor DP, Liu M, Ooms F, Kang F, Aspuru-Guzik A, Hu YS, Wagemaker M, Li B. Interface chemistry of an amide electrolyte for highly reversible lithium metal batteries. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4188. [PMID: 32826904 PMCID: PMC7442789 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17976-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic lithium is a promising anode to increase the energy density of rechargeable lithium batteries. Despite extensive efforts, detrimental reactivity of lithium metal with electrolytes and uncontrolled dendrite growth remain challenging interconnected issues hindering highly reversible Li-metal batteries. Herein, we report a rationally designed amide-based electrolyte based on the desired interface products. This amide electrolyte achieves a high average Coulombic efficiency during cycling, resulting in an outstanding capacity retention with a 3.5 mAh cm−2 high-mass-loaded LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode. The interface reactions with the amide electrolyte lead to the predicted solid electrolyte interface species, having favorable properties such as high ionic conductivity and high stability. Operando monitoring the lithium spatial distribution reveals that the highly reversible behavior is related to denser deposition as well as top-down stripping, which decreases the formation of porous deposits and inactive lithium, providing new insights for the development of interface chemistries for metal batteries. Interface chemistry is essential for highly reversible lithium-metal batteries. Here the authors investigate amide-based electrolyte that lead to desirable interface species, resulting in dense Li-metal plating and top-down Li-metal stripping, responsible for the highly reversible cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidi Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenpeng Yao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Chenglong Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Tomas Verhallen
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel P Tabor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Ooms
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Yong-Sheng Hu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Marnix Wagemaker
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Baohua Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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145
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Shi Y, Wan J, Liu G, Zuo T, Song Y, Liu B, Guo Y, Wen R, Wan L. Interfacial Evolution of Lithium Dendrites and Their Solid Electrolyte Interphase Shells of Quasi‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Gui‐Xian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Tong‐Tong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yue‐Xian Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Guo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Rui Wen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Li‐Jun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (China) Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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146
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Xiang L, Ou X, Wang X, Zhou Z, Li X, Tang Y. Highly Concentrated Electrolyte towards Enhanced Energy Density and Cycling Life of Dual‐Ion Battery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17924-17930. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing 400054 China
| | - Xuewu Ou
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xingyong Wang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Zhiming Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing 400054 China
| | - Xiang Li
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yongbing Tang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
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147
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Xiang L, Ou X, Wang X, Zhou Z, Li X, Tang Y. Highly Concentrated Electrolyte towards Enhanced Energy Density and Cycling Life of Dual‐Ion Battery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing 400054 China
| | - Xuewu Ou
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xingyong Wang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Zhiming Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing 400054 China
| | - Xiang Li
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yongbing Tang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
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148
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Zhang J, Su Y, Zhang Y. Recent advances in research on anodes for safe and efficient lithium-metal batteries. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15528-15559. [PMID: 32678392 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03833d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The revival of lithium metal anodes (LMAs) makes it a potent influence on the battery research community in the recent years after the popularity of Li-ion batteries with graphite anodes. The main reason is due to the over ten-fold increase in the capacity of LMAs when compared with that obtained when using graphite, as well as the low redox potential of Li/Li+. However, the full potential of LMAs is heavily inhibited by several factors, such as dendrite growth, pulverization, side reactions, and volume changes. These adversities lower the cell's Coulombic efficiency dramatically if operated without massively excessive Li usage. In this review, we first introduce some of the most significant progresses made in the understandings of the charging/discharging processes at the anode. The importance of combining advanced characterization techniques with classical methods is highlighted. In particular, we aim to explore the hidden links between those studies for obtaining deeper insights. Two main categories of solutions to address common problems, namely, lithium-electrolyte interfacial engineering and three-dimensional hosting of Li, are subsequently illustrated, where each subsection takes a different methodological perspective to demonstrate the relevant state-of-the-art studies. Some interesting approaches to stop dendrites and a brief note on the practical aspects of lithium-metal batteries are provided, too. This review concludes with our essential discoveries from the current literature and valuable suggestions for future LMA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China.
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149
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Zhang J, Shi J, Wen X, Zhao Y, Guo J. Properties of Thin Lithium Metal Electrodes in Carbonate Electrolytes with Realistic Parameters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:32863-32870. [PMID: 32584024 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To understand the baseline performance of lithium (Li) anode in liquid electrolytes, the electrochemical and physical properties of the Li anode are studied with realistic parameters, including thin thickness (50 μm), practical areal capacity (1-4 mA h cm-2), practical areal current (0.5-2 mA cm-2), and low electrolyte/capacity ratio. Two different Li salts, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), are used to probe the effects of the electrolyte chemistry and concentration. The cycling of Li/Li symmetric cells, combined with the scanning electron microscopic investigation, demonstrates that the soft-short of Li/Li cells is induced by the continuous volume expansion of Li electrodes during cycling instead of dendrites. The volume change of a Li electrode is dictated by the depth of deposition and stripping (i.e., areal capacity) and the electrolyte/capacity ratio, with no strong correlation with the type of Li salt and concentration. On the other hand, the average Coulombic efficiency (CE) measurement demonstrates inherent correlation with the type of Li salt and its concentration in the electrolyte. Li electrode surface chemical analysis indicates that the fluoride-rich surface layer formed in the LiPF6 electrolyte can be detrimental to both CE and Li deposition-stripping overpotential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jiayan Shi
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Wen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Juchen Guo
- Program of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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150
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Li Y, Wang Y, Shi Y, Wu H, Zeng J, Bu H, Zhu M, Xiao C, Zhang Y, Gao G, Ding S. Ionic liquid assisted electrochemical coating zinc nanoparticles on carbon cloth as lithium dendrite suppressing host. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2020; 65:1094-1102. [PMID: 36659161 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The application of lithium metal anode with high specific capacity and energy density is limited by the volume expansion and pulverization caused by dendrite growth during cycle process. We propose a composite lithium anode by immersing molten lithium on the flexible three-dimensional (3D) carbon cloth scaffold with the zinc nanoparticles. The lithiophilic zinc nanoparticles layer of framework is synthesized by fast and easy electrochemical deposition from ionic liquid avoiding high temperature, high pressure and toxic reagent. The lithium is infused into the 3D lithiophilic framework, the composite anode is obtained. The steady network structure can confine the lithium and lead to Li dendrite restraining and reducing volume change due to the low interfacial resistance and reduce the effective current density, which induced the homogeneous Li growth. Benefiting from this, the Li infused 3D carbon cloth-Zn symmetric battery exhibits a low stripping/plating overpotential (~30 mV) and can be stable over 900 h at 1 mA cm-2. The Li//LiFePO4 battery delivers higher reversible capacity (140 mAh g-1 at 2 C and 120 mAh g-1 at 5 C) and stable cycling for 1500 and 2000 cycles than bare Li.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yuankun Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yuchuan Shi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hu Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiacheng Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Huaitian Bu
- Department of Materials and Nanotechnology, SINTEF Industry, Forskningsveien 1, 0373 Oslo, Norway
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chunhui Xiao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Guoxin Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Shujiang Ding
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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