101
|
Pal B, Das B. In vitro Culture of Naïve Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Stemness Based Approach. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:69. [PMID: 28884113 PMCID: PMC5572382 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) resides in their niches in close proximity to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). These naïve MSCs have tremendous potential in regenerative therapeutics, and may also be exploited by cancer and infectious disease agents. Hence, it is important to study the physiological and pathological roles of naïve MSC. However, our knowledge of naïve MSCs is limited by lack of appropriate isolation and in vitro culture methods. Established culture methods use serum rich media, and serial passaging for retrospective isolation of MSCs. These primed MSCs may not reflect the true physiological and pathological roles of naive MSCs (Figure 1). Therefore, there is a strong need for direct isolation and in vitro culture of naïve MSCs to study their stemness (self-renewal and undifferentiated state) and developmental ontogeny. We have taken a niche-based approach on stemness to better maintain naïve MSCs in vitro. In this approach, stemness is broadly divided as niche dependent (extrinsic), niche independent (intrinsic) and niche modulatory (altruistic or competitive). Using this approach, we were able to maintain naïve CD271+/CD133+ BM-MSCs for 2 weeks. Furthermore, this in vitro culture system helped us to identify naïve MSCs as a protective niche site for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative organism of pulmonary tuberculosis. In this review, we discuss the in vitro culture of primed vs. naïve human BM derived MSCs with a special focus on how a stemness based approach could facilitate the study of naïve BM-MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bidisha Pal
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth InstituteCambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Bikul Das
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth InstituteCambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, KaviKrishna Laboratory, Guwahati Biotech Park, Indian Institute of TechnologyGuwahati, India
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Pall E, Cenariu M, Kasaj A, Florea A, Soancă A, Roman A, Georgiu C. New insights into the cellular makeup and progenitor potential of palatal connective tissues. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:1270-1282. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emoke Pall
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine; 400372 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine; 400372 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Adrian Kasaj
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Johannes Gutenberg University; 55122 Mainz Germany
| | - Adrian Florea
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy; 400349 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Andrada Soancă
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine; Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy; 400012 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine; Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy; 400012 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Carmen Georgiu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine; Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy; 400012 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
NADPH oxidase-2 derived superoxide drives mitochondrial transfer from bone marrow stromal cells to leukemic blasts. Blood 2017; 130:1649-1660. [PMID: 28733324 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-03-772939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvements in the understanding of the metabolic cross-talk between cancer and its microenvironment are expected to lead to novel therapeutic approaches. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells have increased mitochondria compared with nonmalignant CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. Furthermore, contrary to the Warburg hypothesis, AML relies on oxidative phosphorylation to generate adenosine triphosphate. Here we report that in human AML, NOX2 generates superoxide, which stimulates bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) to AML blast transfer of mitochondria through AML-derived tunneling nanotubes. Moreover, inhibition of NOX2 was able to prevent mitochondrial transfer, increase AML apoptosis, and improve NSG AML mouse survival. Although mitochondrial transfer from BMSC to nonmalignant CD34+ cells occurs in response to oxidative stress, NOX2 inhibition had no detectable effect on nonmalignant CD34+ cell survival. Taken together, we identify tumor-specific dependence on NOX2-driven mitochondrial transfer as a novel therapeutic strategy in AML.
Collapse
|
104
|
Human Suprapatellar Fat Pad-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Chondrogenesis and Cartilage Repair in a Model of Severe Osteoarthritis. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:4758930. [PMID: 28769981 PMCID: PMC5523339 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4758930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage degeneration is associated with degenerative bone and joint processes in severe osteoarthritis (OA). Spontaneous cartilage regeneration is extremely limited. Often the treatment consists of a partial or complete joint implant. Adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) transplantation has been shown to restore degenerated cartilage; however, regenerative differences of ASC would depend on the source of adipose tissue. The infra- and suprapatellar fat pads surrounding the knee offer a potential autologous source of ASC for patients after complete joint substitution. When infrapatellar- and suprapatellar-derived stromal vascular fractions (SVF) were compared, a significantly higher CD105 (+) population was found in the suprapatellar fat. In addition, the suprapatellar SVF exhibited increased numbers of colony formation units and a higher population doubling in culture compared to the infrapatellar fraction. Both the suprapatellar- and infrapatellar-derived ASC were differentiated in vitro into mature adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. However, the suprapatellar-derived ASC showed higher osteogenic and chondrogenic efficiency. Suprapatellar-derived ASC transplantation in a severe OA mouse model significantly diminished the OA-associated knee inflammation and cartilage degenerative grade, significantly increasing the production of glycosaminoglycan and inducing endogenous chondrogenesis in comparison with the control group. Overall, suprapatellar-derived ASC offer a potential autologous regenerative treatment for patients with multiple degenerative OA.
Collapse
|
105
|
Esteves CL, Sheldrake TA, Dawson L, Menghini T, Rink BE, Amilon K, Khan N, Péault B, Donadeu FX. Equine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Retain a Pericyte-Like Phenotype. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:964-972. [PMID: 28376684 PMCID: PMC5510672 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been used in human and equine regenerative medicine, and interest in exploiting their potential has increased dramatically over the years. Despite significant effort to characterize equine MSCs, the actual origin of these cells and how much of their native phenotype is maintained in culture have not been determined. In this study, we investigated the relationship between MSCs, derived from adipose tissue (AT) and bone marrow (BM), and pericytes in the horse. Both pericyte (CD146, NG2, and αSMA) and MSC (CD29, CD90, and CD73) markers were detected in equine AT and colocalized around blood vessels. Importantly, as assessed by flow cytometry, both pericyte (CD146, NG2, and αSMA) and MSC (CD29, CD44, CD90, and CD105) markers were present in a majority (≥90%) of cells in cultures of AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs; however, levels of pericyte markers were variable within each of those populations. Moreover, the expression of pericyte markers was maintained for at least eight passages in both AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs. Hematopoietic (CD45) and endothelial (CD144) markers were also detected at low levels in MSCs by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Finally, in coculture experiments, AT-MSCs closely associated with networks produced by endothelial cells, resembling the natural perivascular location of pericytes in vivo. Our results indicate that equine MSCs originate from perivascular cells and moreover maintain a pericyte-like phenotype in culture. Therefore, we suggest that, in addition to classical MSC markers, pericyte markers such as CD146 could be used when assessing and characterizing equine MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tara A. Sheldrake
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Dawson
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Menghini
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karin Amilon
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nusrat Khan
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Péault
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Centre, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | | |
Collapse
|
106
|
Hörl S, Ejaz A, Ernst S, Mattesich M, Kaiser A, Jenewein B, Zwierzina ME, Hammerle S, Miggitsch C, Mitterberger-Vogt MC, Krautgasser C, Pierer G, Zwerschke W. CD146 (MCAM) in human cs-DLK1 -/cs-CD34 + adipose stromal/progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res 2017; 22:1-12. [PMID: 28549249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To precisely characterize CD146 in adipose stromal/progenitor cells (ASCs) we sorted the stromal vascular faction (SVF) of human abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) according to cell surface (cs) expression of CD146, DLK1 and CD34. This test identified three main SVF cell populations: ~50% cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+/cs-CD146- ASCs, ~7.5% cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34dim/+/cs-CD146+ and ~7.5% cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34dim/+/cs-CD146- cells. All cells contained intracellular CD146. Whole mount fluorescent IHC staining of small vessels detected CD146+ endothelial cells (CD31+/CD34+/CD146+) and pericytes (CD31-/CD34-/CD146+ ASCs). The cells in the outer adventitial layer showed the typical ASC morphology, were strongly CD34+ and contained low amounts of intracellular CD146 protein (CD31-/CD34+/CD146+). Additionally, we detected wavy CD34-/CD146+ and CD34dim/CD146+ cells. CD34dim/CD146+ cells were slightly more bulky than CD34-/CD146+ cells. Both CD34-/CD146+ and CD34dim/CD146+ cells were detached from the inner pericyte layer and protruded into the outer adventitial layer. Cultured early passage ASCs contained low levels of CD146 mRNA, which was expressed in two different splicing variants, at a relatively high amount of the CD146-long form and at a relatively low amount of the CD146-short form. ASCs contained low levels of CD146 protein, which consisted predominantly long form and a small amount of short form. The CD146 protein was highly stable, and the majority of the protein was localized in the Golgi apparatus. In conclusion, the present study contributes to a better understanding of the spatial localization of CD34+/CD146+ and CD34-/CD146+ cells in the adipose niche of sWAT and identifies CD146 as intracellular protein in cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+/cs-CD146- ASCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Hörl
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Asim Ejaz
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Ernst
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Monika Mattesich
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Kaiser
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Brigitte Jenewein
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marit E Zwierzina
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sarina Hammerle
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carina Miggitsch
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria C Mitterberger-Vogt
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Krautgasser
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Pierer
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Zwerschke
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
De Francesco F, Guastafierro A, Nicoletti G, Razzano S, Riccio M, Ferraro GA. The Selective Centrifugation Ensures a Better In Vitro Isolation of ASCs and Restores a Soft Tissue Regeneration In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051038. [PMID: 28498335 PMCID: PMC5454950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous fat grafting procedures in plastic surgery have been extensively used to reinforce soft tissue in congenital or acquired tissue impairments. With this background, the aim of this study is firstly to examine the impact of a selective centrifugation on existing adipose stem cells (ASCs) in terms of stemness profile maintenance and, secondly, to investigate the effect of restoring volume in reconstruction on patients affected by soft tissue damage. After centrifugation, the fat graft products were separated into two layers and subsequently examined in vitro for the expression of CD34, CD90, CD117, CD105, CD29, CD31, CD44, CD73, CD133, CD14 and CD45 markers by flow cytometry and gene expression analyses were performed for Sox2, WNT3A, END, CD44, FUT4, COLL1, CTNNB1, hbEGF, KRTLG, MMP2 and VIM genes. The results showed that in the middle-high density (MHD) layer there was a peak concentration of ASCs, compared to another layer obtained after centrifugation. Research carried out on patients under treatment for soft tissue regeneration using cells obtained from MHD layer selection will be fundamental in comparative analysis. These studies will lead to an adequate standardization of outcomes, provided that treatment is performed through cell selection. Therefore, a unique procedure in tissue reconstruction and regeneration through fat grafting is presented here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Francesco
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples, Naples 80128, Italy.
- Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery-Hand Surgery, AOU "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona 60126, Italy.
| | - Antonio Guastafierro
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples, Naples 80128, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Nicoletti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples, Naples 80128, Italy.
| | - Sergio Razzano
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples, Naples 80128, Italy.
| | - Michele Riccio
- Department of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery-Hand Surgery, AOU "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona 60126, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe A Ferraro
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples, Naples 80128, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Mehta K, Moravcikova E, McFall D, Luketich JD, Pennathur A, Donnenberg AD, Donnenberg VS. The Mesenchymal State Predicts Poor Disease-Free Survival in Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2017; 104:321-328. [PMID: 28499650 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to contribute to the overall invasiveness of malignant cells. Expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 44 and CD90 mark the mesenchymal state in multiple epithelial malignancies. Their role in lung cancer remains unclear, however. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of CD44 and CD90 coexpression in patients with resectable primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS This was a nonconcurrent cohort study of patients with resectable NSCLC, stratified by the degree of expression of CD44/CD90 double-positive cells in their primary tumor. Flow cytometry was used for immunophenotyping of freshly isolated disaggregated tumor. We analyzed the relationship between expression of CD44/CD90 and relapse-free survival. RESULTS We evaluated 37 patients (18 men; median age, 70 years) with NSCLC. For this group, the geometric mean proportion of cells coexpressing CD44/CD90 was 0.52%. Expression of CD44/CD90 was significantly elevated (24.4%, geometric mean) in 6 patients. The median relapse-free survival for patients with high CD44/CD90 coexpression was 7.7 months (95% confidence interval, 4.2 to 11.7) compared with 40 months (95% confidence interval, 18.2 to 77.8) for the group with low CD44/CD90 coexpression (p = 0.00006 by Mantel log-rank test). The assessment of risk based upon CD44/CD90 expression status was not correlated with pathologic staging (p = 0.073 by χ2). CONCLUSIONS High expression of CD44 and CD90 was associated with significantly reduced relapse-free survival in NSCLC patients. These results suggest that CD44 and CD90 may be important markers of tumor progression in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Mehta
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Erika Moravcikova
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David McFall
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - James D Luketich
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Arjun Pennathur
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Albert D Donnenberg
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Vera S Donnenberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Caggiati A, Germani A, Di Carlo A, Borsellino G, Capogrossi MC, Picozza M. Naturally Adipose Stromal Cell-Enriched Fat Graft: Comparative Polychromatic Flow Cytometry Study of Fat Harvested by Barbed or Blunt Multihole Cannula. Aesthet Surg J 2017; 37:591-602. [PMID: 28052909 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjw211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fat grafts enriched with cells of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), especially adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), exhibit significantly improved retention over non enriched, plain fat. Different types of liposuction cannulae may yield lipoaspirates with different subpopulations of cells. Moreover, preparation of adipose tissue for transplantation typically involves centrifugation, which creates a density gradient of fat. Objectives The authors sought to determine whether liposuction with a barbed or smooth cannula altered the enrichment of the SVF, and specifically ASCs, in low-density (LD) and high-density (HD) fractions of centrifuged adipose tissue. Methods Fat was harvested from 2 abdominal sites of 5 healthy women with a barbed or smooth multihole blunt-end cannula. After centrifugation, LD and HD fat fractions were digested with collagenase and analyzed by polychromatic flow cytometry to identify and enumerate distinct populations of cells. Results Overall cell yield and the number of immune cells were consistently higher in HD fractions than in LD fractions, regardless of the cannula employed. More living cells, and specifically more ASCs, populated the HD fractions of lipoaspirates obtained with a barbed cannula than with a smooth cannula. Conclusions In this study, lipoaspiration with a barbed cannula and isolation of the HD layer of centrifuged adipose tissue yielded maximal amounts of SVF cells, including ASCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Caggiati
- Director of the Plastic Surgery Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS-FLMM, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonia Germani
- Consultant, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS Scientific Board, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Di Carlo
- Research Fellow, Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Borsellino
- Research Associate, Neuroimmunology and Flow Cytometry Units, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio C Capogrossi
- Head, Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Picozza
- Research Fellow, Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Phenotypic Analysis of Stromal Vascular Fraction after Mechanical Shear Reveals Stress-Induced Progenitor Populations. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 138:237e-247e. [PMID: 27465185 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000002356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimization of fat grafting continues to gain increasing attention in the field of regenerative medicine. "Nanofat grafting" implements mechanical emulsification and injection of standard lipoaspirate for the correction of superficial rhytides and skin discoloration; however, little is known about the cellular constituents of the graft. Based on recent evidence that various stressors can induce progenitor activity, the authors hypothesized that the shear forces used in common fat grafting techniques may impact their regenerative capacities. METHODS Lipoaspirates were obtained from 10 patients undergoing elective procedures. Half of each sample was subjected to nanofat processing; the other half was left unchallenged. The viscosity of each sample was measured for computational analysis. The stromal vascular fraction of each sample was isolated, quantified, and analyzed by means of flow cytometry with two multicolor fluorescence antibody panels. RESULTS Standard lipoaspirate is ideally suited for mechanical stress induction. The mechanical emulsification involved in nanofat processing did not affect cell number; however, viability was greatly reduced when compared with the stromal vascular fraction of standard lipoaspirate. Interestingly, nanofat processing resulted in stress-induced stromal vascular fraction with a higher proportion of endothelial progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and multilineage differentiating stress-enduring cells. Single-parameter analysis also revealed significant increases in CD34, CD13, CD73, and CD146 of the stress-induced stromal vascular fraction, markers associated with mesenchymal stem cell activity. CONCLUSIONS Mechanical processing used in techniques such as nanofat grafting induces the up-regulation of progenitor phenotypes consistent with multipotency and pluripotency. These data provide a first step in characterizing the potential regenerative benefits realized through stress induction in fat grafting. CLINCAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, V.
Collapse
|
111
|
Kokai LE, Traktuev DO, Zhang L, Merfeld-Clauss S, DiBernardo G, Lu H, Marra KG, Donnenberg A, Donnenberg V, Meyer EM, Fodor PB, March KL, Rubin JP. Adipose Stem Cell Function Maintained with Age: An Intra-Subject Study of Long-Term Cryopreserved Cells. Aesthet Surg J 2017; 37:454-463. [PMID: 28364523 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjw197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The progressive decline in tissue mechanical strength that occurs with aging is hypothesized to be due to a loss of resident stem cell number and function. As such, there is concern regarding use of autologous adult stem cell therapy in older patients. To abrogate this, many patients elect to cryopreserve the adipose stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) of lipoaspirate, which contains resident adipose stem cells (ASC). However, it is not clear yet if there is any clinical benefit from banking cells at a younger age. Objectives We performed a comparative analysis of SVF composition and ASC function from cells obtained under GMP conditions from the same three patients with time gap of 7 to 12 years. Methods SVF, cryobanked under good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions, was thawed and cell yield, viability, and cellular composition were assessed. In parallel, ASC proliferation and efficiency of tri-lineage differentiation were evaluated. Results The results showed no significant differences existed in cell yield and SVF subpopulation composition within the same patient between harvest procedures 7 to 12 years apart. Further, no change in proliferation rates of cultured ASCs was found, and expanded cells from all patients were capable of tri-lineage differentiation. Conclusions By harvesting fat from the same patient at two time points, we have shown that despite the natural human aging process, the prevalence and functional activity of ASCs in an adult mesenchymal stem cell, is highly preserved. Level of Evidence 5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Kokai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dmitry O Traktuev
- Division of Cardiology, Indiana School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Liyong Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Hongyan Lu
- Division of Cardiology, Indiana School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kacey G Marra
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Albert Donnenberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vera Donnenberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - E Michael Meyer
- Flow Cytometry Facility, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter B Fodor
- Plastic surgeon in private practice in Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Keith L March
- Division of Cardiology, Indiana School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - J Peter Rubin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Hardy WR, Moldovan NI, Moldovan L, Livak KJ, Datta K, Goswami C, Corselli M, Traktuev DO, Murray IR, Péault B, March K. Transcriptional Networks in Single Perivascular Cells Sorted from Human Adipose Tissue Reveal a Hierarchy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1273-1289. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Reef Hardy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Broad Stem Cell Center; University of California at Los Angeles; California USA
- Department of Medicine; University of Indiana; Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | | | - Leni Moldovan
- Department of Ophthalmology; IUPUI; Indianapolis Indiana USA
| | | | - Krishna Datta
- Fluidigm Corporation; South San Francisco California USA
| | - Chirayu Goswami
- Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Mirko Corselli
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Broad Stem Cell Center; University of California at Los Angeles; California USA
- BD Biosciences; San Diego California
| | | | - Iain R. Murray
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Broad Stem Cell Center; University of California at Los Angeles; California USA
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Scotland United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Péault
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Broad Stem Cell Center; University of California at Los Angeles; California USA
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Scotland United Kingdom
| | - Keith March
- Department of Medicine; University of Indiana; Indianapolis Indiana USA
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Leukemic blasts program bone marrow adipocytes to generate a protumoral microenvironment. Blood 2017; 129:1320-1332. [PMID: 28049638 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-08-734798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite currently available therapies, most patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) die of their disease. Tumor-host interactions are critical for the survival and proliferation of cancer cells; accordingly, we hypothesize that specific targeting of the tumor microenvironment may constitute an alternative or additional strategy to conventional tumor-directed chemotherapy. Because adipocytes have been shown to promote breast and prostate cancer proliferation, and because the bone marrow adipose tissue accounts for up to 70% of bone marrow volume in adult humans, we examined the adipocyte-leukemia cell interactions to determine if they are essential for the growth and survival of AML. Using in vivo and in vitro models of AML, we show that bone marrow adipocytes from the tumor microenvironment support the survival and proliferation of malignant cells from patients with AML. We show that AML blasts alter metabolic processes in adipocytes to induce phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and consequently activate lipolysis, which then enables the transfer of fatty acids from adipocytes to AML blasts. In addition, we report that fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4) messenger RNA is upregulated in adipocytes and AML when in coculture. FABP4 inhibition using FABP4 short hairpin RNA knockdown or a small molecule inhibitor prevents AML proliferation on adipocytes. Moreover, knockdown of FABP4 increases survival in Hoxa9/Meis1-driven AML model. Finally, knockdown of carnitine palmitoyltransferase IA in an AML patient-derived xenograft model improves survival. Here, we report the first description of AML programming bone marrow adipocytes to generate a protumoral microenvironment.
Collapse
|
114
|
|
115
|
Valerio IL, Sabino JM, Dearth CL. Plastic Surgery Challenges in War Wounded II: Regenerative Medicine. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2016; 5:412-419. [PMID: 27679752 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2015.0655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A large volume of service members have sustained complex injuries during Operations Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Enduring Freedom (OEF). These injuries are complicated by contamination with particulate and foreign materials, have high rates of bacterial and/or fungal infections, are often composite-type defects with massive soft tissue wounds, and usually have multisystem involvement. While traditional treatment modalities remain a mainstay for optimal wound care, traditional reconstruction approaches alone may be inadequate to fully address the scope and magnitude of such massive complex wounds. As a result of these difficult clinical problems, the use of regenerative medicine therapies, such as autologous adipose tissue grafting, stem cell therapies, nerve allografts, and dermal regenerate templates/extracellular matrix scaffolds, is increased as adjuncts to traditional reconstructive measures. Basic and Clinical Science Advances: The beneficial applications of regenerative medicine therapies have been well characterized in both in vitro studies and in vivo animal studies. The use of these regenerative medicine techniques in the treatment of combat casualty injuries has been increasing throughout the recent war conflicts. Clinical Care Relevance: Military medicine has shown positive results when utilizing certain regenerative medicine modalities in treating complex war wounds. As a result, multi-institution clinical trials are underway to further evaluate these observations and reconstruction measures. Conclusion: Successful combat casualty wound care often requires a combination of traditional aspects of the reconstructive ladder/elevator with adoption of various regenerative medicine therapies. Due to the recent OIF/OEF conflicts, a high volume of combat casualties have benefited from adoption of regenerative medicine therapies and increased access to innovative clinical trials. Furthermore, many of these patients have had long-term follow-up to report on clinical outcomes that substantiate current treatment paradigms and concepts within regenerative medicine, reconstructive, and rehabilitation care. These results are applicable to not only combat casualty care but also to nonmilitary patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian L. Valerio
- Division of Burn, Wound, and Trauma, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer M. Sabino
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christopher L. Dearth
- DoD–VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Camilleri ET, Gustafson MP, Dudakovic A, Riester SM, Garces CG, Paradise CR, Takai H, Karperien M, Cool S, Sampen HJI, Larson AN, Qu W, Smith J, Dietz AB, van Wijnen AJ. Identification and validation of multiple cell surface markers of clinical-grade adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells as novel release criteria for good manufacturing practice-compliant production. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:107. [PMID: 27515308 PMCID: PMC4982273 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical translation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) necessitates basic characterization of the cell product since variability in biological source and processing of MSCs may impact therapeutic outcomes. Although expression of classical cell surface markers (e.g., CD90, CD73, CD105, and CD44) is used to define MSCs, identification of functionally relevant cell surface markers would provide more robust release criteria and options for quality control. In addition, cell surface expression may distinguish between MSCs from different sources, including bone marrow-derived MSCs and clinical-grade adipose-derived MSCs (AMSCs) grown in human platelet lysate (hPL). Methods In this work we utilized quantitative PCR, flow cytometry, and RNA-sequencing to characterize AMSCs grown in hPL and validated non-classical markers in 15 clinical-grade donors. Results We characterized the surface marker transcriptome of AMSCs, validated the expression of classical markers, and identified nine non-classical markers (i.e., CD36, CD163, CD271, CD200, CD273, CD274, CD146, CD248, and CD140B) that may potentially discriminate AMSCs from other cell types. More importantly, these markers exhibit variability in cell surface expression among different cell isolates from a diverse cohort of donors, including freshly prepared, previously frozen, or proliferative state AMSCs and may be informative when manufacturing cells. Conclusions Our study establishes that clinical-grade AMSCs expanded in hPL represent a homogeneous cell culture population according to classical markers,. Additionally, we validated new biomarkers for further AMSC characterization that may provide novel information guiding the development of new release criteria. Clinical trials Use of Autologous Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate in Painful Knee Osteoarthritis (BMAC): Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01931007. Registered August 26, 2013. MSC for Occlusive Disease of the Kidney: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01840540. Registered April 23, 2013. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Multiple System Atrophy: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02315027. Registered October 31, 2014. Efficacy and Safety of Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Treat Steroid Refractory Acute Graft Versus Host Disease. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00366145. Registered August 17, 2006. A Dose-escalation Safety Trial for Intrathecal Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01609283. Registered May 18, 2012. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0370-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael P Gustafson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Scott M Riester
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Hideki Takai
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental Bioengineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Department of Tissue Regeneration, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hee-Jeong Im Sampen
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Noelle Larson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Wenchun Qu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jay Smith
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Allan B Dietz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
James AW, Hindle P, Murray IR, West CC, Tawonsawatruk T, Shen J, Asatrian G, Zhang X, Nguyen V, Simpson AH, Ting K, Péault B, Soo C. Pericytes for the treatment of orthopedic conditions. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 171:93-103. [PMID: 27510330 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Pericytes and other perivascular stem cells are of growing interest in orthopedics and tissue engineering. Long regarded as simple regulators of angiogenesis and blood pressure, pericytes are now recognized to have MSC (mesenchymal stem cell) characteristics, including multipotentiality, self-renewal, immunoregulatory functions, and diverse roles in tissue repair. Pericytes are typified by characteristic cell surface marker expression (including αSMA, CD146, PDGFRβ, NG2, RGS5, among others). Although alone no marker is absolutely specific for pericytes, collectively these markers appear to selectively identify an MSC-like pericyte. The purification of pericytes is most well described as a CD146+CD34-CD45- cell population. Pericytes and other perivascular stem cell populations have been applied in diverse orthopedic applications, including both ectopic and orthotopic models. Application of purified cells has sped calvarial repair, induced spine fusion, and prevented fibrous non-union in rodent models. Pericytes induce these effects via both direct and indirect mechanisms. In terms of their paracrine effects, pericytes are known to produce and secrete high levels of a number of growth and differentiation factors both in vitro and after transplantation. The following review will cover existing studies to date regarding pericyte application for bone and cartilage engineering. In addition, further questions in the field will be pondered, including the phenotypic and functional overlap between pericytes and culture-derived MSC, and the concept of pericytes as efficient producers of differentiation factors to speed tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron W James
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Orthopedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| | - Paul Hindle
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Iain R Murray
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; BHF Center for Vascular Regeneration & MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher C West
- BHF Center for Vascular Regeneration & MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St. Johns Hospital, Livingston, United Kingdom
| | - Tulyapruek Tawonsawatruk
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; BHF Center for Vascular Regeneration & MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Department of Orthopaedics, Ramathibodi Hospital, Madihol University, Thailand
| | - Jia Shen
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Greg Asatrian
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Xinli Zhang
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Vi Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - A Hamish Simpson
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kang Ting
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Bruno Péault
- Orthopedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; BHF Center for Vascular Regeneration & MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chia Soo
- Orthopedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Gimble JM, Ray SP, Zanata F, Wu X, Wade J, Khoobehi K, Ferreira LM, Bunnell BA. Adipose Derived Cells and Tissues for Regenerative Medicine. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 3:1477-1482. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen P. Ray
- Cancer
Treatment Center, Midwestern Regional Medical Center, Zion, Illinois 60099, United States
| | - Fabiana Zanata
- Universidade Federal São Paulo, São
Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Xiying Wu
- LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - James Wade
- Plastic Surgery Consultants, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, United States
| | - Kamran Khoobehi
- Khoobehi and Associates, Metairie, Louisiana 70002, United States
| | | | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Department
of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans Louisiana 70112, United States
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433, United States
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Generation of stem cell-based bioartificial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts for effective ACL rupture repair. Stem Cell Res 2016; 17:448-457. [PMID: 27217303 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we combined stem cell technology with a non-absorbable biomaterial for the reconstruction of the ruptured ACL. Towards this purpose, multipotential stromal cells derived either from subcutaneous human adipose tissue (hAT-MSCs) or from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from human foreskin fibroblasts (hiPSC-MSCs) were cultured on the biomaterial for 21days in vitro to generate a 3D bioartifical ACL graft. Stem cell differentiation towards bone and ligament at the ends and central part of the biomaterial was selectively induced using either BMP-2/FGF-2 or TGF-β/FGF-2 combinations, respectively. The bioartificial ACL graft was subsequently implanted in a swine ACL rupture model in place of the surgically removed normal ACL. Four months post-implantation, the tissue engineered ACL graft generated an ACL-like tissue exhibiting morphological and biochemical characteristics resembling those of normal ACL.
Collapse
|
120
|
West CC, Hardy WR, Murray IR, James AW, Corselli M, Pang S, Black C, Lobo SE, Sukhija K, Liang P, Lagishetty V, Hay DC, March KL, Ting K, Soo C, Péault B. Prospective purification of perivascular presumptive mesenchymal stem cells from human adipose tissue: process optimization and cell population metrics across a large cohort of diverse demographics. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:47. [PMID: 27029948 PMCID: PMC4815276 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue is an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as it is largely dispensable and readily accessible through minimally invasive procedures such as liposuction. Until recently MSC could only be isolated in a process involving ex-vivo culture and their in-vivo identity, location and frequency remained elusive. We have documented that pericytes (CD45-, CD146+, and CD34-) and adventitial cells (CD45-, CD146-, CD34+) (collectively termed perivascular stem cells or PSC) represent native ancestors of the MSC, and can be prospectively purified using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). In this study we describe an optimized protocol that aims to deliver pure, viable and consistent yields of PSC from adipose tissue. We analysed the frequency of PSC within adipose tissue, and the effect of patient and procedure based variables on this yield. METHODS Within this twin centre study we analysed the adipose tissue of n = 131 donors using flow cytometry to determine the frequency of PSC and correlate this with demographic and processing data such as age, sex, BMI and cold storage time of the tissue. RESULTS The mean number of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells from 100 ml of lipoaspirate was 34.4 million. Within the SVF, mean cell viability was 83 %, with 31.6 % of cells being haematopoietic (CD45+). Adventitial cells and pericytes represented 33.0 % and 8 % of SVF cells respectively. Therefore, a 200 ml lipoaspirate would theoretically yield 23.2 million viable prospectively purified PSC - sufficient for many reconstructive and regenerative applications. Minimal changes were observed in respect to age, sex and BMI suggesting universal potential application. CONCLUSIONS Adipose tissue contains two anatomically and phenotypically discreet populations of MSC precursors - adventitial cells and pericytes - together referred to as perivascular stem cells (PSC). More than 9 million PSC per 100 ml of lipoaspirate can be rapidly purified to homogeneity using flow cytometry in clinically relevant numbers potentially circumventing the need for purification and expansion by culture prior to clinical use. The number and viability of PSC are minimally affected by patient age, sex, BMI or the storage time of the tissue, but the quality and consistency of yield can be significantly influenced by procedure based variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. C. West
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Vascular Regeneration & Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St Johns Hospital, Howden Road West, Livingston, UK
| | - W. R. Hardy
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - I. R. Murray
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Vascular Regeneration & Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A. W. James
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - M. Corselli
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
- BD Biosciences, San Diego, CA USA
| | - S. Pang
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - C. Black
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - S. E. Lobo
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - K. Sukhija
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaweah Delta Health Care District, Visalia, CA USA
| | - P. Liang
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - V. Lagishetty
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - D. C. Hay
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Vascular Regeneration & Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - K. L. March
- Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology, and Vascular and Cardiac Center for Adult Stem Cell Research, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - K. Ting
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Division of Growth and Development and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - C. Soo
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - B. Péault
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Vascular Regeneration & Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Frazier TP, Bowles A, Lee S, Abbott R, Tucker HA, Kaplan D, Wang M, Strong A, Brown Q, He J, Bunnell BA, Gimble JM. Serially Transplanted Nonpericytic CD146(-) Adipose Stromal/Stem Cells in Silk Bioscaffolds Regenerate Adipose Tissue In Vivo. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1097-111. [PMID: 26865460 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Progenitors derived from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of white adipose tissue (WAT) possess the ability to form clonal populations and differentiate along multiple lineage pathways. However, the literature continues to vacillate between defining adipocyte progenitors as "stromal" or "stem" cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that a nonpericytic subpopulation of adipose stromal cells, which possess the phenotype, CD45(-) /CD31(-) /CD146(-) /CD34(+) , are mesenchymal, and suggest this may be an endogenous progenitor subpopulation within adipose tissue. We hypothesized that an adipose progenitor could be sorted based on the expression of CD146, CD34, and/or CD29 and when implanted in vivo these cells can persist, proliferate, and regenerate a functional fat pad over serial transplants. SVF cells and culture expanded adipose stromal/stem cells (ASC) ubiquitously expressing the green fluorescent protein transgene (GFP-Tg) were fractionated by flow cytometry. Both freshly isolated SVF and culture expanded ASC were seeded in three-dimensional silk scaffolds, implanted subcutaneously in wild-type hosts, and serially transplanted. Six-week WAT constructs were removed and evaluated for the presence of GFP-Tg adipocytes and stem cells. Flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and confocal microscopy demonstrated GFP-Tg cell persistence, proliferation, and expansion, respectively. Glycerol secretion and glucose uptake assays revealed GFP-Tg adipose was metabolically functional. Constructs seeded with GFP-Tg SVF cells or GFP-Tg ASC exhibited higher SVF yields from digested tissue, and higher construct weights, compared to nonseeded controls. Constructs derived from CD146(-) CD34(+) -enriched GFP-Tg ASC populations exhibited higher hemoglobin saturation, and higher frequency of GFP-Tg cells than unsorted or CD29(+) GFP-Tg ASC counterparts. These data demonstrated successful serial transplantation of nonpericytic adipose-derived progenitors that can reconstitute adipose tissue as a solid organ. These findings have the potential to provide new insights regarding the stem cell identity of adipose progenitor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trivia P Frazier
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Annie Bowles
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Stephen Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Rosalyn Abbott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hugh A Tucker
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - David Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Amy Strong
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Quincy Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jibao He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Gimble
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,LaCell, LLC., New Orleans Bio-innovation Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Donnenberg VS, Huber A, Basse P, Rubin JP, Donnenberg AD. Neither epithelial nor mesenchymal circulating tumor cells isolated from breast cancer patients are tumorigenic in NOD- scid Il2rgnull mice. NPJ Breast Cancer 2016; 2:16004. [PMID: 28721373 PMCID: PMC5515339 DOI: 10.1038/npjbcancer.2016.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantitative evaluation of circulating EpCAM+ tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients provides an independent predictor of risk of progression in patients with metastatic disease. The present study investigated the tumorigenic potential of CTCs from cryopreserved mobilized leukapheresis products obtained from three metastatic breast cancer patients in remission. Cells were immunomagnetically separated if they expressed either the epithelial cell surface marker EpCAM, or CD90, a mesenchymal stromal cell marker associated with tumorigenic stem-like cancer cells. Cells were injected into the mammary fat pads of NOD-scid Il2rgnull mice. The injection of very large numbers of CTCs (0.3-1.5×106 CTCs per site, 20 sites per sample) in an optimized xenograft model did not result in the establishment of human-derived tumor xenografts. Four orders of magnitude fewer cells of the same CD90+ phenotype, but obtained from metastatic breast cancer pleural effusions, were highly tumorigenic in the same model system. These results favor the interpretation that circulating tumor cell load does not directly bear on metastatic potential, and that tumorigenic circulating breast cancer cells in patients with metastatic breast cancer are exceedingly rare. Furthermore, the CD44+/CD90+ phenotypic signature indicative of tumorigenicity in cells separated from metastatic or primary breast tumors does not have the same significance in circulating tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera S Donnenberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Per Basse
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Peter Rubin
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Albert D Donnenberg
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Pachón-Peña G, Serena C, Ejarque M, Petriz J, Duran X, Oliva-Olivera W, Simó R, Tinahones FJ, Fernández-Veledo S, Vendrell J. Obesity Determines the Immunophenotypic Profile and Functional Characteristics of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Adipose Tissue. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:464-75. [PMID: 26956208 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adipose tissue is a major source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which possess a variety of properties that make them ideal candidates for regenerative and immunomodulatory therapies. Here, we compared the immunophenotypic profile of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) from lean and obese individuals, and explored its relationship with the apparent altered plasticity of hASCs. We also hypothesized that persistent hypoxia treatment of cultured hASCs may be necessary but not sufficient to drive significant changes in mature adipocytes. hASCs were obtained from subcutaneous adipose tissue of healthy, adult, female donors undergoing abdominal plastic surgery: lean (n=8; body mass index [BMI]: 23±1 kg/m2) and obese (n=8; BMI: 35±5 kg/m2). Cell surface marker expression, proliferation and migration capacity, and adipogenic differentiation potential of cultured hASCs at two different oxygen conditions were studied. Compared with lean-derived hASCs, obese-derived hASCs demonstrated increased proliferation and migration capacity but decreased lipid droplet accumulation, correlating with a higher expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-II and cluster of differentiation (CD) 106 and lower expression of CD29. Of interest, adipogenic differentiation modified CD106, CD49b, HLA-ABC surface protein expression, which was dependent on the donor's BMI. Additionally, low oxygen tension increased proliferation and migration of lean but not obese hASCs, which correlated with an altered CD36 and CD49b immunophenotypic profile. In summary, the differences observed in proliferation, migration, and differentiation capacity in obese hASCs occurred in parallel with changes in cell surface markers, both under basal conditions and during differentiation. Therefore, obesity is an important determinant of stem cell function independent of oxygen tension. SIGNIFICANCE The obesity-related hypoxic environment may have latent effects on human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) with potential consequences in mature cells. This study explores the immunophenotypic profile of hASCs obtained from lean and obese individuals and its potential relationship with the altered plasticity of hASCs observed in obesity. In this context, an altered pattern of cell surface marker expression in obese-derived hASCs in both undifferentiated and differentiated stages is demonstrated. Differences in proliferation, migration, and differentiation capacity of hASCs from obese adipose tissue correlated with alterations in cell surface expression. Remarkably, altered plasticity observed in obese-derived hASCs was maintained in the absence of hypoxia, suggesting that these cells might be obesity conditioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Pachón-Peña
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Serena
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Ejarque
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Petriz
- Institut de Recerca Contra la Leucemia Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xevi Duran
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - W Oliva-Olivera
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain CIBER de Fisiopatología de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain CIBER de Fisiopatología de Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Abstract
Immunomodulators regulate stem cell activity at all stages of development as well as during adulthood. Embryonic stem cell (ESC) proliferation as well as neurogenic processes during embryonic development are controlled by factors of the immune system. We review here immunophenotypic expression patterns of different stem cell types, including ESC, neural (NSC) and tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and focus on immunodulatory properties of these cells. Immune and inflammatory responses, involving actions of cytokines as well as toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling are known to affect the differentiation capacity of NSC and MSC. Secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory messengers by MSC have been observed as the consequence of TLR and cytokine activation and promotion of differentiation into specified phenotypes. As result of augmented differentiation capacity, stem cells secrete angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor, resulting in multifactorial actions in tissue repair. Immunoregulatory properties of tissue specific adult stem cells are put into the context of possible clinical applications.
Collapse
|
125
|
Nuclear Transcription Factor Kappa B Downregulation Reduces Chemoresistance in Bone Marrow-derived Cells Through P-glycoprotein Modulation. Arch Med Res 2016; 47:78-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
126
|
Van Pham P, Vu NB, Phan NK. Hypoxia promotes adipose-derived stem cell proliferation via VEGF. BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND THERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.7603/s40730-016-0004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
127
|
Behaviour of telocytes during physiopathological activation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 55:50-61. [PMID: 26826526 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We consider CD34+ stromal cells/telocytes (CD34+ SC/TCs) in normal and pathological conditions. These cells are involved in organisation and control of the extracellular matrix, structural support, creation of microenvironments, intercellular communication, neurotransmission, immunomodulation and immunosurveillance, inhibition of apoptosis, and control, regulation and source of other cell types. CD34+ SC/TCs are widely reported in the origin of interstitial cells of Cajal and in regeneration in the heart, skeletal muscle, skin, respiratory tree, liver, urinary system and the eye. In addition, we contribute CD34+ SC/TC hyperplasia associated with several processes, including neurogenous hyperplasia (neuroma of the appendix), hyperplasia of Leydig cells in undescended testes (Cryptorchidism), peripheral areas of inflammatory/repair processes (pericicatricial tissue and transitional zones between diseased segments in Crohn's disease and normal bowel), benign tumours (neurofibromas, Antoni-B zones of neurilemmomas, granular cell tumours, and melanocytic nevi) and in some lesions with myxoid, oedematous and degenerative changes (Reinke's oedema, myxomatous mitral valve degeneration, thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy and basophilic degenerative changes of the collagen in the dermis). We pay particular attention to the role of CD34+ SC/TCs during repair through granulation tissue, including morphologic changes, loss of CD34 expression and gain of αSMA expression with myofibroblast transformation, and interactions with pericytes, endothelial and inflammatory cells. Finally, we consider CD34 or αSMA expression in stromal cells of malignant epithelial tumours, and the role of CD34+ SC/TCs in the origin of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and myofibroblasts. In conclusion, CD34+ SC/TCs play an important role in the maintenance and modulation of tissue homeostasis and in morphogenesis/renewal/repair.
Collapse
|
128
|
Díaz-Flores L, Gutiérrez R, González-Gómez M, Díaz-Flores L, Valladares F, Rancel N, Sáez FJ, Madrid JF. Telocyte Behaviour During Inflammation, Repair and Tumour Stroma Formation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 913:177-191. [PMID: 27796888 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-1061-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, we outline the role of human CD34+ stromal cells/telocytes (CD34+ SC/TCs) as progenitor cells during repair. The in vivo activation phenomena of CD34+ SC/TCs in this process include increased size; separation from the neighbouring structures (mainly of the vascular walls); association with inflammatory cells, predominantly macrophages; development of the organelles of synthesis (rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus); cell proliferation with presence of mitosis and high proliferative index (transit-amplifying cells); and fibroblastic and myofibroblastic differentiation. A procedure to study these tissue-resident cells, comparison of their behaviour in vivo and in vitro and different behaviour depending on location, time, type of injury (including tumour stroma) and greater or lesser proximity to the injury are also considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Díaz-Flores
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - R Gutiérrez
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M González-Gómez
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - L Díaz-Flores
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - F Valladares
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - N Rancel
- Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - F J Sáez
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, UFI11/44, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - J F Madrid
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Regional Campus of International Excellence, "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Myocardial Ischemic Subject's Thymus Fat: A Novel Source of Multipotent Stromal Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144401. [PMID: 26657132 PMCID: PMC4675557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Adipose Tissue Stromal Cells (ASCs) have important clinical applications in the regenerative medicine, cell replacement and gene therapies. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue (SAT) is the most common source of these cells. The adult human thymus degenerates into adipose tissue (TAT). However, it has never been studied before as a source of stem cells. Material and Methods We performed a comparative characterization of TAT-ASCs and SAT-ASCs from myocardial ischemic subjects (n = 32) according to the age of the subjects. Results TAT-ASCs and SAT-ASCs showed similar features regarding their adherence, morphology and in their capacity to form CFU-F. Moreover, they have the capacity to differentiate into osteocyte and adipocyte lineages; and they present a surface marker profile corresponding with stem cells derived from AT; CD73+CD90+CD105+CD14-CD19-CD45-HLA-DR. Interestingly, and in opposition to SAT-ASCs, TAT-ASCs have CD14+CD34+CD133+CD45- cells. Moreover, TAT-ASCs from elderly subjects showed higher adipogenic and osteogenic capacities compared to middle aged subjects, indicating that, rather than impairing; aging seems to increase adipogenic and osteogenic capacities of TAT-ASCs. Conclusions This study describes the human TAT as a source of mesenchymal stem cells, which may have an enormous potential for regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
130
|
Rim JS, Lewis P, Dave A, Rim J, Szuszka K, Acosta C, Kim J, Kim JD, Staszkiewicz J, Gao R, Harkins L, Eilertsen KJ. Direct Conversion of Human Preadipocytes into Hematopoietic, Neuronal, and Pancreatic α Cells by Oct4 and Klf4 Overexpression. Biores Open Access 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/biores.2015.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Atman Dave
- NuPotential, Inc., Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | | | | | | | - Joohyun Kim
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | | | | | - Ru Gao
- NuPotential, Inc., Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | | | - Kenneth J. Eilertsen
- NuPotential, Inc., Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Mihaila SM, Resende MF, Reis RL, Gomes ME, Marques AP. Interactive endothelial phenotype maintenance and osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction SSEA-4+-derived cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1998-2013. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M. Mihaila
- 3Bs Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics; University of Minho; Barco GMR Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs; PT Government Associated Laboratory; Braga Guimarães Portugal
| | - Margarida F. Resende
- 3Bs Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics; University of Minho; Barco GMR Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs; PT Government Associated Laboratory; Braga Guimarães Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3Bs Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics; University of Minho; Barco GMR Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs; PT Government Associated Laboratory; Braga Guimarães Portugal
| | - Manuela E. Gomes
- 3Bs Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics; University of Minho; Barco GMR Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs; PT Government Associated Laboratory; Braga Guimarães Portugal
| | - Alexandra P. Marques
- 3Bs Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics; University of Minho; Barco GMR Portugal
- ICVS/3Bs; PT Government Associated Laboratory; Braga Guimarães Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Stromal vascular fraction: A regenerative reality? Part 2: Mechanisms of regenerative action. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2015; 69:180-8. [PMID: 26546112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a rich source of cells with emerging promise for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF), in particular, is an eclectic composite of cells with progenitor activity that includes preadipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, pericytes, endothelial cells, and macrophages. SVF has enormous potential for therapeutic application and is being investigated for multiple clinical indications including lipotransfer, diabetes-related complications, nerve regeneration, burn wounds and numerous others. In Part 2 of our review, we explore the basic science behind the regenerative success of the SVF and discuss significant mechanisms that are at play. The existing literature suggests that angiogenesis, immunomodulation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix secretion are the main avenues through which regeneration and healing is achieved by the stromal vascular fraction.
Collapse
|
133
|
Gómez MC, Qin Q, Biancardi MN, Galiguis J, Dumas C, MacLean RA, Wang G, Pope CE. Characterization and Multilineage Differentiation of Domestic and Black-Footed Cat Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells from Abdominal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue. Cell Reprogram 2015; 17:376-92. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2015.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martha C. Gómez
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | - Qian Qin
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | | | - Jason Galiguis
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | - Cherie Dumas
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | - Robert A. MacLean
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | - Guoshun Wang
- Gene Therapy Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112
| | - C. Earle Pope
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Navarro A, Marín S, Riol N, Carbonell-Uberos F, Miñana MD. Fibroblast-Negative CD34-Negative Cells from Human Adipose Tissue Contain Mesodermal Precursors for Endothelial and Mesenchymal Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2280-96. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amparo Navarro
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Severiano Marín
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nicasia Riol
- Immunohematology Service, Centro de Transfusiones, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - María Dolores Miñana
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Ma L, Wen H, Jian X, Liao H, Sui Y, Liu Y, Xu G. Cell-assisted lipotransfer in the clinical treatment of facial soft tissue deformity. Plast Surg (Oakv) 2015; 23:199-202. [PMID: 26361629 DOI: 10.4172/plastic-surgery.1000926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cosmetic surgeons have experimented with a variety of substances to improve soft tissue deformities of the face. Autologous fat grafting provides significant advantages over other modalities because it leaves no scar, is easy to use and is well tolerated by most patients. Autologous fat grafting has become one of the most popular techniques in the field of facial plastic surgery. Unfortunately, there are still two major problems affecting survival rate and development: revascularization after transplantion; and cell reservation proliferation and survival. Since Zuk and Yosra developed a technology based on adipose-derived stem cells and cell-assisted lipotrophy, researchers have hoped that this technology would promote the survival and reduce the absorption of grafted fat cells. Autologous adipose-derived stem cells may have great potential in skin repair applications, aged skin rejuvenation and other aging-related skin lesion treatments. Recently, the study of adipose-derived stem cells has gained increased attention. More researchers have started to adopt this technology in the clinical treatment of facial soft tissue deformity. The present article reviews the history of facial soft tissue augmentation and the advent of adipose-derived stem cells in the area of the clinical treatment of facial soft tissue deformity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Huicai Wen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | | | | | - Yunpeng Sui
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guizhen Xu
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Cordeiro IR, Lopes DV, Abreu JG, Carneiro K, Rossi MID, Brito JM. Chick embryo xenograft model reveals a novel perineural niche for human adipose-derived stromal cells. Biol Open 2015; 4:1180-93. [PMID: 26319582 PMCID: PMC4582113 DOI: 10.1242/bio.010256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stromal cells (hADSC) are a heterogeneous cell population that contains adult multipotent stem cells. Although it is well established that hADSC have skeletal potential in vivo in adult organisms, in vitro assays suggest further differentiation capacity, such as into glia. Thus, we propose that grafting hADSC into the embryo can provide them with a much more instructive microenvironment, allowing the human cells to adopt diverse fates or niches. Here, hADSC spheroids were grafted into either the presumptive presomitic mesoderm or the first branchial arch (BA1) regions of chick embryos. Cells were identified without previous manipulations via human-specific Alu probes, which allows efficient long-term tracing of heterogeneous primary cultures. When grafted into the trunk, in contrast to previous studies, hADSC were not found in chondrogenic or osteogenic territories up to E8. Surprisingly, 82.5% of the hADSC were associated with HNK1+ tissues, such as peripheral nerves. Human skin fibroblasts showed a smaller tropism for nerves. In line with other studies, hADSC also adopted perivascular locations. When grafted into the presumptive BA1, 74.6% of the cells were in the outflow tract, the final goal of cardiac neural crest cells, and were also associated with peripheral nerves. This is the first study showing that hADSC could adopt a perineural niche in vivo and were able to recognize cues for neural crest cell migration of the host. Therefore, we propose that xenografts of human cells into chick embryos can reveal novel behaviors of heterogeneous cell populations, such as response to migration cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid R Cordeiro
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Daiana V Lopes
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - José G Abreu
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Katia Carneiro
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Maria I D Rossi
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - José M Brito
- Morphological Sciences Program, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Zwierzina ME, Ejaz A, Bitsche M, Blumer MJF, Mitterberger MC, Mattesich M, Amann A, Kaiser A, Pechriggl EJ, Hörl S, Rostek U, Pierer G, Fritsch H, Zwerschke W. Characterization of DLK1(PREF1)+/CD34+ cells in vascular stroma of human white adipose tissue. Stem Cell Res 2015; 15:403-18. [PMID: 26342195 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorting of native (unpermeabilized) SVF-cells from human subcutaneous (s)WAT for cell surface staining (cs) of DLK1 and CD34 identified three main populations: ~10% stained cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34-, ~20% cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34+dim and ~45% cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+. FACS analysis after permeabilization showed that all these cells stained positive for intracellular DLK1, while CD34 was undetectable in cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34- cells. Permeabilized cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+ cells were positive for the pericyte marker α-SMA and the mesenchymal markers CD90 and CD105, albeit CD105 staining was dim (cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+/CD90+/CD105+dim/α-SMA+/CD45-/CD31-). Only these cells showed proliferative and adipogenic capacity. Cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34- and cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34+dim cells were also α-SMA+ but expressed CD31, had a mixed hematopoietic and mesenchymal phenotype, and could neither proliferate nor differentiate into adipocytes. Histological analysis of sWAT detected DLK1+/CD34+ and DLK1+/CD90+ cells mainly in the outer ring of vessel-associated stroma and at capillaries. DLK1+/α-SMA+ cells were localized in the CD34- perivascular ring and in adventitial vascular stroma. All these DLK1+ cells possess a spindle-shaped morphology with extremely long processes. DLK1+/CD34+ cells were also detected in vessel endothelium. Additionally, we show that sWAT contains significantly more DLK1+ cells than visceral (v)WAT. We conclude that sWAT has more DKL1+ cells than vWAT and contains different DLK1/CD34 populations, and only cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+/CD90+/CD105+dim/α-SMA+/CD45-/CD31- cells in the adventitial vascular stroma exhibit proliferative and adipogenic capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marit E Zwierzina
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Asim Ejaz
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mario Bitsche
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael J F Blumer
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria C Mitterberger
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Monika Mattesich
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Kaiser
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabeth J Pechriggl
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Hörl
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ursula Rostek
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Pierer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helga Fritsch
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Zwerschke
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Huber B, Volz AC, Kluger PJ. How do culture media influence in vitro perivascular cell behavior? Cell Biol Int 2015; 39:1395-407. [PMID: 26179857 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Perivascular cells are multilineage cells located around the vessel wall and important for wall stabilization. In this study, we evaluated a stem cell media and a perivascular cell-specific media for the culture of primary perivascular cells regarding their cell morphology, doubling time, stem cell properties, and expression of cell type-specific markers. When the two cell culture media were compared to each other, perivascular cells cultured in the stem cell medium had a more elongated morphology and a faster doubling rate and cells cultured in the pericyte medium had a more typical morphology, with several filopodia, and a slower doubling rate. To evaluate stem cell properties, perivascular cells, CD146(-) cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were differentiated into the adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. It was seen that perivascular cells, as well as CD146(-) cells and MSCs, cultured in stem cell medium showed greater differentiation than cells cultured in pericyte-specific medium. The expression of pericyte-specific markers CD146, neural/glial antigen 2 (NG2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β), myosin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) could be found in both pericyte cultures, as well as to varying amounts in CD146(-) cells, MSCs, and endothelial cells. The here presented work shows that perivascular cells can adapt to their in vitro environment and cell culture conditions influence cell functionality, such as doubling rate or differentiation behavior. Pericyte-specific markers were shown to be expressed also from cells other than perivascular cells. We can further conclude that CD146(+) perivascular cells are inhomogeneous cell population probably containing stem cell subpopulations, which are located perivascular around capillaries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Huber
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology, University of Stuttgart, Nobelstraße 12, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ann-Cathrin Volz
- Process Analysis & Technology (PA&T), Reutlingen University, Alteburgstraße 150, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Petra Juliane Kluger
- Process Analysis & Technology (PA&T), Reutlingen University, Alteburgstraße 150, 72762, Reutlingen, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstraße 12, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Ma L, Wen H, Jian X, Liao H, Sui Y, Liu Y, Xu G. Cell-assisted lipotransfer in the clinical treatment of facial soft tissue deformity. Plast Surg (Oakv) 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/229255031502300304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cosmetic surgeons have experimented with a variety of substances to improve soft tissue deformities of the face. Autologous fat grafting provides significant advantages over other modalities because it leaves no scar, is easy to use and is well tolerated by most patients. Autologous fat grafting has become one of the most popular techniques in the field of facial plastic surgery. Unfortunately, there are still two major problems affecting survival rate and development: revascularization after transplantion; and cell reservation proliferation and survival. Since Zuk and Yosra developed a technology based on adipose-derived stem cells and cell-assisted lipotrophy, researchers have hoped that this technology would promote the survival and reduce the absorption of grafted fat cells. Autologous adipose-derived stem cells may have great potential in skin repair applications, aged skin rejuvenation and other aging-related skin lesion treatments. Recently, the study of adipose-derived stem cells has gained increased attention. More researchers have started to adopt this technology in the clinical treatment of facial soft tissue deformity. The present article reviews the history of facial soft tissue augmentation and the advent of adipose-derived stem cells in the area of the clinical treatment of facial soft tissue deformity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huicai Wen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | | | | | - Yunpeng Sui
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guizhen Xu
- Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Donnenberg VS, Donnenberg AD. Coping with artifact in the analysis of flow cytometric data. Methods 2015; 82:3-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
141
|
Abstract
The vasculature plays an indispensible role in organ development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis, such that disturbances to it impact greatly on developmental and postnatal health. Although cell turnover in healthy blood vessels is low, it increases considerably under pathological conditions. The principle sources for this phenomenon have long been considered to be the recruitment of cells from the peripheral circulation and the re-entry of mature cells in the vessel wall back into cell cycle. However, recent discoveries have also uncovered the presence of a range of multipotent and lineage-restricted progenitor cells in the mural layers of postnatal blood vessels, possessing high proliferative capacity and potential to generate endothelial, smooth muscle, hematopoietic or mesenchymal cell progeny. In particular, the tunica adventitia has emerged as a progenitor-rich compartment with niche-like characteristics that support and regulate vascular wall progenitor cells. Preliminary data indicate the involvement of some of these vascular wall progenitor cells in vascular disease states, adding weight to the notion that the adventitia is integral to vascular wall pathogenesis, and raising potential implications for clinical therapies. This review discusses the current body of evidence for the existence of vascular wall progenitor cell subpopulations from development to adulthood and addresses the gains made and significant challenges that lie ahead in trying to accurately delineate their identities, origins, regulatory pathways, and relevance to normal vascular structure and function, as well as disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Psaltis
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide and Heart Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.J.P.); Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.J.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine (R.D.S.)
| | - Robert D Simari
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide and Heart Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (P.J.P.); Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia (P.J.P.); and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine (R.D.S.).
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Hu L, Yang G, Hägg D, Sun G, Ahn JM, Jiang N, Ricupero CL, Wu J, Rodhe CH, Ascherman JA, Chen L, Mao JJ. IGF1 Promotes Adipogenesis by a Lineage Bias of Endogenous Adipose Stem/Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells 2015; 33:2483-95. [PMID: 26010009 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Adipogenesis is essential for soft tissue reconstruction following trauma or tumor resection. We demonstrate that CD31(-)/34(+)/146(-) cells, a subpopulation of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of human adipose tissue, were robustly adipogenic. Insulin growth factor-1 (IGF1) promoted a lineage bias towards CD31(-)/34(+)/146(-) cells at the expense of CD31(-)/34(+)/146(+) cells. IGF1 was microencapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds and implanted in the inguinal fat pad of C57Bl6 mice. Control-released IGF1 induced remarkable adipogenesis in vivo by recruiting endogenous cells. In comparison with the CD31(-)/34(+)/146(+) cells, CD31(-)/34(+)/146(-) cells had a weaker Wnt/β-catenin signal. IGF1 attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signaling by activating Axin2/PPARγ pathways in SVF cells, suggesting IGF1 promotes CD31(-)/34(+)/146(-) bias through tuning Wnt signal. PPARγ response element (PPRE) in Axin2 promoter was crucial for Axin2 upregulation, suggesting that PPARγ transcriptionally activates Axin2. Together, these findings illustrate an Axin2/PPARγ axis in adipogenesis that is particularly attributable to a lineage bias towards CD31(-)/34(+)/146(-) cells, with implications in adipose regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Center for Craniofacial Regeneration (CCR), New York, New York, USA
| | - Guodong Yang
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration (CCR), New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Hägg
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration (CCR), New York, New York, USA
| | - Guoming Sun
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration (CCR), New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Ahn
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nan Jiang
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration (CCR), New York, New York, USA
| | | | - June Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christine Hsu Rodhe
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Ascherman
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jeremy J Mao
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration (CCR), New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Di Taranto G, Cicione C, Visconti G, Isgrò MA, Barba M, Di Stasio E, Stigliano E, Bernardini C, Michetti F, Salgarello M, Lattanzi W. Qualitative and quantitative differences of adipose-derived stromal cells from superficial and deep subcutaneous lipoaspirates: a matter of fat. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:1076-89. [PMID: 26002819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Subcutaneous fat represents a valuable reservoir of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), widely exploited in regenerative medicine applications, being easily harvested through lipoaspiration. The lack of standardized procedures for autologous fat grafting guided research efforts aimed at identifying possible differences related to the harvesting site, which may affect cell isolation yield, cell growth properties and clinical outcomes. Subcutaneous fat features a complex architecture: the superficial fascia separates superficial adipose tissue (SAT) from deep layer tissue (DAT). We aimed to unravel the differences between SAT and DAT, considering morphological structure, SVF composition, and ASC properties. METHODS SAT and DAT were collected from female donors and comparatively analyzed to evaluate cellular yield and viability, morphology, immunophenotype and molecular profile. ASCs were isolated in primary culture and used for in vitro differentiation assays. SAT and DAT from cadaver donors were also analyzed through histology and immunohistochemistry to assess morphology and cell localization within the hypoderm. RESULTS Liposuctioned SAT contained a higher stromal tissue compound, along with a higher proportion of CD105-positive cells, compared with DAT from the same harvesting site. Also, cells isolated from SAT displayed increased multipotency and stemness features. All differences were mainly evidenced in specimens harvested from the abdominal region. According to our results, SAT features overall increased stem properties. CONCLUSIONS Given that subcutaneous adipose tissue is currently exploited as the gold standard source for high-yield isolation of adult stem cells, these results may provide precious hints toward the definition of standardized protocols for microharvesting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Taranto
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore University Hospital A. Gemelli Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Cicione
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Visconti
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore University Hospital A. Gemelli Rome, Italy
| | - Maria A Isgrò
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore University Hospital A. Gemelli Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Barba
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Di Stasio
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore University Hospital A. Gemelli Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Stigliano
- Institute of Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Bernardini
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Michetti
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Latium Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Salgarello
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore University Hospital A. Gemelli Rome, Italy
| | - Wanda Lattanzi
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Latium Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Colombo JS, Howard-Jones RA, Young FI, Waddington RJ, Errington RJ, Sloan AJ. A 3D ex vivo mandible slice system for longitudinal culturing of transplanted dental pulp progenitor cells. Cytometry A 2015; 87:921-8. [PMID: 25963448 PMCID: PMC4973699 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Harnessing mesenchymal stem cells for tissue repair underpins regenerative medicine. However, how the 3D tissue matrix maintains such cells in a quiescent state whilst at the same time primed to respond to tissue damage remains relatively unknown. Developing more physiologically relevant 3D models would allow us to better understand the matrix drivers and influence on cell‐lineage differentiation in situ. In this study, we have developed an ex vivo organotypic rat mandible slice model; a technically defined platform for the culture and characterization of dental pulp progenitor cells expressing GFP driven by the β‐actin promoter (cGFP DPPCs). Using confocal microscopy we have characterized how the native environment influences the progenitor cells transplanted into the dental pulp. Injected cGFP‐DPPCs were highly viable and furthermore differentially proliferated in unique regions of the mandible slice; in the dentine region, cGFP‐DPPCs showed a columnar morphology indicative of expansion and lineage differentiation. Hence, we demonstrated the systematic capacity for establishing a dental pulp cell‐micro‐community, phenotypically modified in the tooth (the “biology”); and at the same time addressed technical challenges enabling the mandible slice to be accessible on platforms for high‐content imaging (the biology in a “multiplex” format). © 2015 The Authors. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John S Colombo
- School of Dentistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Tissue Engineering and Reparative Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel A Howard-Jones
- Tissue Engineering and Reparative Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Fraser I Young
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel J Waddington
- Tissue Engineering and Reparative Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel J Errington
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair J Sloan
- Tissue Engineering and Reparative Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Tresoldi C, Pellegata AF, Mantero S. Cells and stimuli in small-caliber blood vessel tissue engineering. Regen Med 2015; 10:505-27. [DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The absence of successful solutions in treatments of small-caliber vessel diseases led to the Vascular Tissue Engineering approach to develop functional nonimmunogenic tissue engineered blood vessels. In this context, the choice of cells to be seeded and the microenvironment conditioning are pivotal. Biochemical and biomechanical stimuli seem to activate physiological regulatory pathways that induce the production of molecules and proteins stimulating stem cell differentiation toward vascular lineage and reproducing natural cross-talks among vascular cells to improve the maturation of tissue engineered blood vessels. Thus, this review focuses on (1) available cell sources, and (2) biochemical and biomechanical stimuli, with the final aim to obtain the long-term stability of the endothelium and mechanical properties suitable for withstanding physiological load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tresoldi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials & Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Filippo Pellegata
- Department of Chemistry, Materials & Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Mantero
- Department of Chemistry, Materials & Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
The role of adipose-derived stem cells in breast cancer progression and metastasis. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:120949. [PMID: 26000019 PMCID: PMC4427098 DOI: 10.1155/2015/120949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional breast cancer extirpation involves resection of parts of or the whole gland, resulting in asymmetry and disfiguration. Given the unsatisfactory aesthetic outcomes, patients often desire postmastectomy reconstructive procedures. Autologous fat grafting has been proposed for reconstructive purposes for decades to restore form and anatomy after mastectomy. Fat has the inherent advantage of being autologous tissue and the most natural-appearing filler, but given its inconsistent engraftment and retention rates, it lacks reliability. Implementation of autologous fat grafts with cellular adjuncts, such as multipotent adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), has shown promising results. However, it is pertinent and critical to question whether these cells could promote any residual tumor cells to proliferate, differentiate, or metastasize or even induce de novo carcinogenesis. Thus far, preclinical and clinical study findings are discordant. A trend towards potential promotion of both breast cancer growth and invasion by ADSCs found in basic science studies was indeed not confirmed in clinical trials. Whether experimental findings eventually correlate with or will be predictive of clinical outcomes remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to concisely review current experimental findings on the interaction of mesenchymal stem cells and breast cancer, mainly focusing on ADSCs as a promising tool for regenerative medicine, and discuss the implications in clinical translation.
Collapse
|
147
|
Donnenberg VS, Donnenberg AD. Stem cell state and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition: Implications for cancer therapy. J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 55:603-19. [PMID: 25708160 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The cancer stem cell paradigm, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and its converse, the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, have reached convergence. Implicit in this understanding is the notion that cancer cells can change state, and with such change come bidirectional alterations in motility, proliferative activity, and drug resistance. As such, tumors present a moving target for antineoplastic therapy. This article will review the evolving adult stem cell paradigm and how changes in our understanding of the bidirectional nature of cancer cell differentiation may affect the selection and timing of antineoplastic therapy. The goal is to determine how to best administer therapies potentially targeted against the cancer stem cell state in the context of established treatment regimens, and to evaluate long-term effects beyond tumor regression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera S Donnenberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
148
|
Bertheuil N, Chaput B, Ménard C, Varin A, Garrido I, Grolleau J, Sensébé L, Watier E, Tarte K. Les cellules stromales mésenchymateuses du tissu adipeux : historique, isolement, propriétés immunomodulatrices et perspectives cliniques. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2015; 60:94-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
149
|
Martinez LM, Labovsky V, de Luján Calcagno M, Davies KM, Rivello HG, Bianchi MS, Wernicke A, Vallone VBF, Chasseing NA. CD105 expression on CD34-negative spindle-shaped stromal cells of primary tumor is an unfavorable prognostic marker in early breast cancer patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121421. [PMID: 25803686 PMCID: PMC4372565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have confirmed that the breast tumor microenvironment drives cancer progression and metastatic development. The aim of our research was to investigate the prognostic significance of the breast tumor microenvironment in untreated early breast cancer patients. Therefore, we analyzed the association of the expression of α-SMA, FSP, CD105 and CD146 in CD34-negative spindle-shaped stromal cells, not associated with the vasculature, in primary breast tumors with classical prognostic marker levels, metastatic recurrence, local relapse, disease-free survival, metastasis-free survival and the overall survival of patients. In the same way, we evaluated the association of the amount of intra-tumor stroma, fibroblasts, collagen deposition, lymphocytic infiltration and myxoid changes in these samples with the clinical-pathological data previously described. This study is the first to demonstrate the high CD105 expression in this stromal cell type as a possible independent marker of unfavorable prognosis in early breast cancer patients. Our study suggests that this new finding can be useful prognostic marker in the clinical-pathological routine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Marcelo Martinez
- Immunohematology Laboratory, Experimental Biology and Medicine Institute (IBYME)—National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vivian Labovsky
- Immunohematology Laboratory, Experimental Biology and Medicine Institute (IBYME)—National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María de Luján Calcagno
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kevin Mauro Davies
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Italian Hospital, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hernán Garcia Rivello
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Italian Hospital, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Silvia Bianchi
- Neuroendocrinology Laboratory, Experimental Biology and Medicine Institute (IBYME)—National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Wernicke
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Italian Hospital, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Beatriz Fernández Vallone
- Immunohematology Laboratory, Experimental Biology and Medicine Institute (IBYME)—National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norma Alejandra Chasseing
- Immunohematology Laboratory, Experimental Biology and Medicine Institute (IBYME)—National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Guo B, Greenwood PL, Cafe LM, Zhou G, Zhang W, Dalrymple BP. Transcriptome analysis of cattle muscle identifies potential markers for skeletal muscle growth rate and major cell types. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:177. [PMID: 25887672 PMCID: PMC4364331 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify markers for muscle growth rate and the different cellular contributors to cattle muscle and to link the muscle growth rate markers to specific cell types. RESULTS The expression of two groups of genes in the longissimus muscle (LM) of 48 Brahman steers of similar age, significantly enriched for "cell cycle" and "ECM (extracellular matrix) organization" Gene Ontology (GO) terms was correlated with average daily gain/kg liveweight (ADG/kg) of the animals. However, expression of the same genes was only partly related to growth rate across a time course of postnatal LM development in two cattle genotypes, Piedmontese x Hereford (high muscling) and Wagyu x Hereford (high marbling). The deposition of intramuscular fat (IMF) altered the relationship between the expression of these genes and growth rate. K-means clustering across the development time course with a large set of genes (5,596) with similar expression profiles to the ECM genes was undertaken. The locations in the clusters of published markers of different cell types in muscle were identified and used to link clusters of genes to the cell type most likely to be expressing them. Overall correspondence between published cell type expression of markers and predicted major cell types of expression in cattle LM was high. However, some exceptions were identified: expression of SOX8 previously attributed to muscle satellite cells was correlated with angiogenesis. Analysis of the clusters and cell types suggested that the "cell cycle" and "ECM" signals were from the fibro/adipogenic lineage. Significant contributions to these signals from the muscle satellite cells, angiogenic cells and adipocytes themselves were not as strongly supported. Based on the clusters and cell type markers, sets of five genes predicted to be representative of fibro/adipogenic precursors (FAPs) and endothelial cells, and/or ECM remodelling and angiogenesis were identified. CONCLUSIONS Gene sets and gene markers for the analysis of many of the major processes/cell populations contributing to muscle composition and growth have been proposed, enabling a consistent interpretation of gene expression datasets from cattle LM. The same gene sets are likely to be applicable in other cattle muscles and in other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Synergetic Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, St. Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia.
| | - Paul L Greenwood
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, Armidale, NSW, 2350, Australia.
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
| | - Linda M Cafe
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Synergetic Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.
| | - Wangang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Synergetic Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China.
| | | |
Collapse
|