101
|
Irfan M, Kiran J, Ayubi S, Ullah A, Rana QUA, Khan S, Hasan F, Badshah M, Shah AA. Immobilization of β-1,4-xylanase isolated from Bacillus licheniformis
S3. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:600-612. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202000077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Oral Biology; College of Dentistry, University of Florida; Gainesville Florida
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Jawairia Kiran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Salahuddin Ayubi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Ameen Ullah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Qurrat Ul Ain Rana
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Fariha Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Aamer A. Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Poletto P, Pereira GN, Monteiro CR, Pereira MAF, Bordignon SE, de Oliveira D. Xylooligosaccharides: Transforming the lignocellulosic biomasses into valuable 5-carbon sugar prebiotics. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
103
|
Highly alkali-stable and cellulase-free xylanases from Fusarium sp. 21 and their application in clarification of orange juice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:572-580. [PMID: 32246958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Xylanase is a versatile tool in the food, fiber biobleaching and biofuel industries. Here, to discover new enzyme with special properties, we cloned three xylanases (Xyn11A, Xyn11B, and Xyn11C) by mining the genome of the xylanase producing fungus strain Fusarium sp. 21, biochemically characterized these enzyme and explored their potential application in juice processing. Both Xyn11A and Xyn11B had an optimal pH of 6.0 and optimal temperature of 45 °C, and retained >90% of the residual activity at pH range of 5-10.5 for 24 h. Xyn11C displayed the maximum activity at pH 5.0 and 45 °C and outstanding pH stability with a minimal loss of activity in the pH range of 2.0-10.5. These three xylanases displayed a strong specificity towards beechwood and corncob xylan, with no activity for other substrates. Xyn11A showed much a higher activity against corncob xylan, while Xyn11B and Xyn11C presented higher activities against beechwood xylan. Xyn11A catalyzed the hydrolysis of beechwood xylan with a Km of 4.25 ± 0.29 mg·mL-1 and kcat/Km of 30.34 ± 0.65 mL·s-1·mg-1, while the hydrolysis of corncob xylan had Km and kcat/Km values of 14.73 ± 1.43 mg·mL-1and 26.48 ± 0.11 mL·s-1·mg-1, respectively. Xyn11B and Xyn11C hydrolyzed beechwood xylan with Km of 9.8 ± 0.69 mg·mL-1, and 4.89 ± 0.38 mg·mL-1and kcat/Km values of 45.07 ± 1.66 mL-1·mg-1, and 26.95 ± 0.67 mL·s-1·mg-1, respectively. Beechwood xylan hydrolysates catalyzed by these three xylanases contained xylobiose, xylotriose and xylooligosaccharides (XOS). The clarification of orange juice was improved when treated with these three xylanases. Conclusively, the desirable pH stability and substrate specificity make Xyn11A, Xyn11B and Xyn11C have high potential for application in fiber biobleaching, wine and fruit juice clarification, as well as probiotic XOS production.
Collapse
|
104
|
Sharma S, Sharma V, Nargotra P, Bajaj BK. Bioprocess development for production of a process-apt xylanase with multifaceted application potential for a range of industrial processes. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
|
105
|
Sun J, Xu F, Lu J. A Glycoside Hydrolase Family 62 A-L-Arabinofuranosidase from Trichoderma Reesei and Its Applicable Potential during Mashing. Foods 2020; 9:foods9030356. [PMID: 32204354 PMCID: PMC7143738 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Arabinoxylan is the second most abundant component in the endosperm cell wall of barley and it has been shown to have negative effects on the viscosity and filtration rate of wort and beer. In this study, a glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 62 α-L-arabinofuranosidase (AFase), termed as TrAbf62A, was purified from the culture filtrate of Trichoderma reesei CICC 41495 by a combined chromatographic method. The preferred substrates of the purified TrAbf62A were soluble, highly substituted arabinoxylan oligosaccharides and polymers, similar to the type found in barley grain. TrAbf62A exhibited activity towards oligomeric and polymeric arabinoxylans, as well as colorimetric arabinose-based substrates, thus meeting the criteria to be classified as a type B AFase. TrAbf62A released mainly arabinose and xylose from soluble wheat arabinoxylan, thus indicating a dual lytic enzyme activity. Supplementation of TrAbf62A during mashing, with a loading of 12 mU/g malt, resulted in a 36.3% decrease in arabinoxylan polymer content, a 5.6% reduction in viscosity, and finally, a 22.1% increase in filtration rate. These results revealed that TrAbf62A has a high potential value in improving lautering performance during mashing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyong Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China;
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Wuxi Newway Biotechnology Co. Ltd., 100 Konggang Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Jian Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China;
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-510-85918191
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Martínez-Pacheco MM, Flores-García A, Zamudio-Jaramillo MA, Chávez-Parga MC, Alvarez-Navarrete M. Optimization of production of xylanases with low cellulases in Fusarium solani by means of a solid state fermentation using statistical experimental design. Rev Argent Microbiol 2020; 52:328-338. [PMID: 32146034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Demand for fungal xylanases in industrial biotechnological processes shows a clear increase worldwide, so there is an interest in adjusting the conditions of microbial xylanases production. In this study, the ability of the fungus Fusarium solani to produce extracellular xylanases with low cellulolytic activity was optimized by Box Wilson design. The best culture conditions were determined to obtain a crude enzyme preparation with significant xylanolytic activity and little cellulolytic activity. In most treatments, the xylanolytic activity was higher than the cellulolytic activity. A negative effect on the production of endoxylanases, β-xylosidases and endocellulases was observed with the increasing of xylan concentration. Increasing the incubation time adversely affected the production of endocellulases and β-xylosidases. According to the mathematical model and experimental tests, it is possible to produce endoxylanases with minimal endocellulase activity increasing incubation time and the concentration of ammonium sulfate. The optimal culture conditions to produce a greater amount of endoxylanases (10.65U/mg) and low endocellulases from F. solani were: 2.5% (w/v) xylan, 5.0, 2.0 and 0.4g/l, of yeast extract, ammonium sulfate and urea, respectively, with 120h of incubation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro M Martínez-Pacheco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mújica s/n. Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58060, Mexico.
| | - Alberto Flores-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mújica s/n. Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58060, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Zamudio-Jaramillo
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mújica s/n. Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58060, Mexico
| | - Ma Carmen Chávez-Parga
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mújica s/n. Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58060, Mexico
| | - Mariana Alvarez-Navarrete
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mújica s/n. Col. Felicitas del Río, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58060, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Xylanases from marine microorganisms: A brief overview on scope, sources, features and potential applications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
108
|
Osorio-González CS, Chaali M, Hegde K, Brar SK, Kermanshahipour A, Avalos-Ramírez A. Production and Processing of the Enzymes from Lignocellulosic Biomass. VALORIZATION OF BIOMASS TO VALUE-ADDED COMMODITIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38032-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
109
|
Gautério GV, da Silva LGG, Hübner T, da Rosa Ribeiro T, Kalil SJ. Maximization of xylanase production by Aureobasidium pullulans using a by-product of rice grain milling as xylan source. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
110
|
Cai L, Zhang M, Shao T, He Y, Li J, Ren B, Zhou C. Effect of introducing disulfide bridges in C-terminal structure on the thermostability of xylanase XynZF-2 from Aspergillus niger. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2019; 65:240-245. [PMID: 30905899 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a mutant xylanase of high thermostability was obtained by site-directed mutagenesis. The homologous 3D structure of xylanase was successfully modeled and the mutation sites were predicted using bioinformatics software. Two amino acids of XynZF-2 were respectively substituted by cysteines (T205C and A52C) and a disulfide bridge was introduced into the C-terminal of XynZF-2. The mutant gene xynZFTA was cloned into pPIC9K and expressed in P. pastoris. The optimum temperature of the variant XynZFTA was improved from 45°C to 60°C, and XynZFTA retained greater than 90.0% activity (XynZF-2 retained only 50.0% activity) after treatment at 50°C for 5 min. The optimum pH of mutant xylanase was similar to XynZF-2 (pH = 5.0). The pH stability span (5.0~7.0) of the mutant xylanase was increased to 3.0~9.0. Overall, the results implied that the introduction of a disulfide bridge in the C-terminal structure improved the thermostability and pH stability of XynZF-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liutengzi Cai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University.,Synthetic Biology Engineering Lab of Henan Province
| | - Mishuai Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University.,Synthetic Biology Engineering Lab of Henan Province
| | - Tianci Shao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University.,Synthetic Biology Engineering Lab of Henan Province
| | - You He
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University.,Synthetic Biology Engineering Lab of Henan Province
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University.,Synthetic Biology Engineering Lab of Henan Province
| | - Bingjie Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University.,Synthetic Biology Engineering Lab of Henan Province
| | - Chenyan Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University.,Synthetic Biology Engineering Lab of Henan Province
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
The effect of lanthanum (III) on the activity of xylanase by Penicillium and its influence on brightness in the paper pulp bleaching. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:452. [PMID: 31832299 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1977-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylanase is widely used in pulp and paper bleaching. In this study, the effects of rare earth ions (La3+, Ce3+, Er3+ and Gd3+) on the activity of xylanase produced by Penicillium are investigated and the application of a xylanase solution containing La3+ in paper bleaching is presented. Our results indicate that the bleaching effect of the enzyme solution containing La3+ was markedly better when the concentration of La3+ was 10-8 g/L after 4 days of incubation. The mechanism of lanthanum on the improvement of xylanase activity was revealed through electrical conductivity, atomic absorption spectrometer, infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy analyses. The PCR result clearly demonstrates that a low concentration of La3+ led to the transversions of three base pair of gene sequences. Our experiment also reveals that the La3+ may have been involved in the cellular metabolic processes of Penicillium and intervened in the base pairing and DNA replication. This research may provide new insights into the improvement of enzymatic activity by lanthanum (III) and its application in paper pulp bleaching.
Collapse
|
112
|
Alokika, Singh B. Production, characteristics, and biotechnological applications of microbial xylanases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8763-8784. [PMID: 31641815 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Microbial xylanases have gathered great attention due to their biotechnological potential at industrial scale for many processes. A variety of lignocellulosic materials, such as sugarcane bagasse, rice straw, rice bran, wheat straw, wheat bran, corn cob, and ragi bran, are used for xylanase production which also solved the great issue of solid waste management. Both solid-state and submerged fermentation have been used for xylanase production controlled by various physical and nutritional parameters. Majority of xylanases have optimum pH in the range of 4.0-9.0 with optimum temperature at 30-60 °C. For biochemical, molecular studies and also for successful application in industries, purification and characterization of xylanase have been carried out using various appropriate techniques. Cloning and genetic engineering are used for commercial-level production of xylanase, to meet specific economic viability and industrial needs. Microbial xylanases are used in various biotechnological applications like biofuel production, pulp and paper industry, baking and brewing industry, food and feed industry, and deinking of waste paper. This review describes production, characteristics, and biotechnological applications of microbial xylanases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alokika
- Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Bijender Singh
- Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India. .,Department of Biotechnology, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Life Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Bhardwaj N, Kumar B, Verma P. A detailed overview of xylanases: an emerging biomolecule for current and future prospective. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-019-0276-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Xylan is the second most abundant naturally occurring renewable polysaccharide available on earth. It is a complex heteropolysaccharide consisting of different monosaccharides such as l-arabinose, d-galactose, d-mannoses and organic acids such as acetic acid, ferulic acid, glucuronic acid interwoven together with help of glycosidic and ester bonds. The breakdown of xylan is restricted due to its heterogeneous nature and it can be overcome by xylanases which are capable of cleaving the heterogeneous β-1,4-glycoside linkage. Xylanases are abundantly present in nature (e.g., molluscs, insects and microorganisms) and several microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae are used extensively for its production. Microbial xylanases show varying substrate specificities and biochemical properties which makes it suitable for various applications in industrial and biotechnological sectors. The suitability of xylanases for its application in food and feed, paper and pulp, textile, pharmaceuticals, and lignocellulosic biorefinery has led to an increase in demand of xylanases globally. The present review gives an insight of using microbial xylanases as an “Emerging Green Tool” along with its current status and future prospective.
Collapse
|
114
|
Bajaj P, Mahajan R. Cellulase and xylanase synergism in industrial biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8711-8724. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
115
|
Khalil AB, Qarawi S, Sivakumar N. Genomic comparison of anoxybacillus flavithermus AK1, a thermophilic bacteria, with other strains. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 131:109385. [PMID: 31615674 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
From ecological and industrial perspectives, Anoxybacillus flavithermus species that lives in a thermophilic environment, are extremely important bacteria due to their potential in producing highly interesting compounds and enzymes. In order to understand the genetic makeup of these thermophiles, we have performed a comparative genomics study of 12 genome-sequenced strains of Anoxybacillus flavithermus bacteria. The genome size of Anoxybacillus flavithermus strains is from 2.5Mbp to 3.7Mbp and on average containing a low percentage of G + C genomic content (˜41.9%). We show that, on the basis of the total gene-content, Anoxybacillus flavithermus strains are grouped in three different subgroups. In the future, it would be interesting to explore these strain subgroups to further understand the lifestyle of thermophilic bacteria. Focussing on the Anoxybacillus flavithermus AK1 strain, which was isolated from a Hot Spring in Saudi Arabia and closely related to A. flavithermus NBRC strain, we identified a unique list of 75 genes specific to AK1 strain, of which 63 of them have homologs in other taxonomically related species. We speculate that these AK1-specific genes might be resulted due to horizontal gene transfer from other bacteria in order to adapt to the extreme environmental conditions. Moreover, we predicted three potential secondary metabolite gene clusters in the AK1 strain that further need to be experimentally characterised. Genomic annotation, secondary metabolite gene clusters and outcomes of the strain genomic comparisons from this study would be the basis for the strain-specific mathematical model for exploiting the metabolism for the industrial and ecological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad B Khalil
- Department of Life Sciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sami Qarawi
- Biosciences Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
116
|
|
117
|
|
118
|
Ouephanit C, Boonvitthya N, Bozonnet S, Chulalaksananukul W. High-Level Heterologous Expression of Endo-1,4-β-Xylanase from Penicillium citrinum in Pichia pastoris X-33 Directed through Codon Optimization and Optimized Expression. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193515. [PMID: 31569777 PMCID: PMC6804294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Most common industrial xylanases are produced from filamentous fungi. In this study, the codon-optimized xynA gene encoding xylanase A from the fungus Penicilium citrinum was successfully synthesized and expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris. The levels of secreted enzyme activity under the control of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (PGAP) and alcohol oxidase 1 (PAOX1) promoters were compared. The Pc Xyn11A was produced as a soluble protein and the total xylanase activity under the control of PGAP and PAOX1 was 34- and 193-fold, respectively, higher than that produced by the native strain of P. citrinum. The Pc Xyn11A produced under the control of the PAOX1 reached a maximum activity of 676 U/mL when induced with 1% (v/v) methanol every 24 h for 5 days. The xylanase was purified by ion exchange chromatography and then characterized. The enzyme was optimally active at 55 °C and pH 5.0 but stable over a broad pH range (3.0–9.0), retaining more than 80% of the original activity after 24 h or after pre-incubation at 40 °C for 1 h. With birchwood xylan as a substrate, Pc Xyn11A showed a Km(app) of 2.8 mg/mL, and a kcat of 243 s−1. The high level of secretion of Pc Xyn11A and its stability over a wide range of pH and moderate temperatures could make it useful for a variety of biotechnological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanika Ouephanit
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- Biofuels by Biocatalysts Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | | | - Sophie Bozonnet
- LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Warawut Chulalaksananukul
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- Biofuels by Biocatalysts Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
da Silva PO, de Alencar Guimarães NC, Serpa JDM, Masui DC, Marchetti CR, Verbisck NV, Zanoelo FF, Ruller R, Giannesi GC. Application of an endo-xylanase from Aspergillus japonicus in the fruit juice clarification and fruit peel waste hydrolysis. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
120
|
Biochemical characterization and low-resolution SAXS shape of a novel GH11 exo-1,4-β-xylanase identified in a microbial consortium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8035-8049. [PMID: 31407040 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Biotechnologies that aim to produce renewable fuels, chemicals, and bioproducts from residual ligno(hemi)cellulosic biomass mostly rely on enzymatic depolymerization of plant cell walls (PCW). This process requires an arsenal of diverse enzymes, including xylanases, which synergistically act on the hemicellulose, reducing the long and complex xylan chains to oligomers and simple sugars. Thus, xylanases play a crucial role in PCW depolymerization. Until recently, the largest xylanase family, glycoside hydrolase family 11 (GH11) has been exclusively represented by endo-catalytic β-1,4- and β-1,3-xylanases. Analysis of a metatranscriptome library from a microbial lignocellulose community resulted in the identification of an unusual exo-acting GH11 β-1,4-xylanase (MetXyn11). Detailed characterization has been performed on recombinant MetXyn11 including determination of its low-resolution small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) molecular envelope in solution. Our results reveal that MetXyn11 is a monomeric globular enzyme that liberates xylobiose from heteroxylans as the only product. MetXyn11 has an optimal activity in a pH range from 6 to 9 and an optimal temperature of 50 °C. The enzyme maintained above 65% of its original activity in the pH range 5 to 6 after being incubated for 72 h at 50 °C. Addition of the enzyme to a commercial enzymatic cocktail (CelicCtec3) promoted a significant increase of enzymatic hydrolysis yields of hydrothermally pretreated sugarcane bagasse (16% after 24 h of hydrolysis).
Collapse
|
121
|
Mosina NL, Schubert WD, Cowan DA. Characterization and homology modelling of a novel multi-modular and multi-functional Paenibacillus mucilaginosus glycoside hydrolase. Extremophiles 2019; 23:681-686. [PMID: 31372752 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolases, particularly cellulases, xylanases and mannanases, are essential for the depolymerisation of lignocellulosic substrates in various industrial bio-processes. In the present study, a novel glycoside hydrolase from Paenibacillus mucilaginosus (PmGH) was expressed in E. coli, purified and characterised. Functional analysis indicated that PmGH is a 130 kDa thermophilic multi-modular and multi-functional enzyme, comprising a GH5, a GH6 and two CBM3 domains and exhibiting cellulase, mannanase and xylanase activities. The enzyme displayed optimum hydrolytic activities at pH 6 and 60 °C and moderate thermostability. Homology modelling of the full-length protein highlighted the structural and functional novelty of native PmGH, with no close structural homologs identified. However, homology modelling of the individual GH5, GH6 and the two CBM3 domains yielded excellent models based on related structures from the Protein Data Bank. The catalytic GH5 and GH6 domains displayed a (β/α)8 and a distorted seven stranded (β/α) fold, respectively. The distinct homology at the domain level but low homology of the full-length protein suggests that this protein evolved by exogenous gene acquisition and recombination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ntsoaki Leticia Mosina
- Department Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Wolf-Dieter Schubert
- Department Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Don A Cowan
- Department Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Insight into kinetics and thermodynamics of a novel hyperstable GH family 10 endo-1,4-β-xylanase (TnXynB) with broad substrates specificity cloned from Thermotoga naphthophilaRKU-10T. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 127:32-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
123
|
Xiang L, Lu Y, Wang H, Wang M, Zhang G. Improving the specific activity and pH stability of xylanase XynHBN188A by directed evolution. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-019-0262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
124
|
Hettiarachchi SA, Kwon YK, Lee Y, Jo E, Eom TY, Kang YH, Kang DH, De Zoysa M, Marasinghe SD, Oh C. Characterization of an acetyl xylan esterase from the marine bacterium Ochrovirga pacifica and its synergism with xylanase on beechwood xylan. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:122. [PMID: 31286972 PMCID: PMC6615230 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetyl xylan esterase plays an important role in the complete enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. It hydrolyzes the ester linkages of acetic acid in xylan and supports and enhances the activity of xylanase. This study was conducted to identify and overexpress the acetyl xylan esterase (AXE) gene revealed by the genomic sequencing of the marine bacterium Ochrovirga pacifica. RESULTS The AXE gene has an 864-bp open reading frame that encodes 287 aa and consists of an AXE domain from aa 60 to 274. Gene was cloned to pET-16b vector and expressed the recombinant AXE (rAXE) in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The predicted molecular mass was 31.75 kDa. The maximum specific activity (40.08 U/mg) was recorded at the optimal temperature and pH which were 50 °C and pH 8.0, respectively. The thermal stability assay showed that AXE maintains its residual activity almost constantly throughout and after incubation at 45 °C for 120 min. The synergism of AXE with xylanase on beechwood xylan, increased the relative activity 1.41-fold. CONCLUSION Resulted higher relative activity of rAXE with commercially available xylanase on beechwood xylan showed its potential for the use of rAXE in industrial purposes as a de-esterification enzyme to hydrolyze xylan and hemicellulose-like complex substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachithra Amarin Hettiarachchi
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences & Technology, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
| | - Young-Kyung Kwon
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdeuk Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Jo
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yang Eom
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hyeok Kang
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Svini Dileepa Marasinghe
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhong Oh
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Ariaeenejad S, Maleki M, Hosseini E, Kavousi K, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Salekdeh GH. Mining of camel rumen metagenome to identify novel alkali-thermostable xylanase capable of enhancing the recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass conversion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 281:343-350. [PMID: 30831513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize novel alkali-thermostable xylanase genes from the mixed genome DNA of camel rumen metagenome. In this study, a five-stage computational screening procedure was utilized to find the primary candidate enzyme with superior properties from the camel rumen metagenome. This enzyme was subjected to cloning, purification, and structural and functional characterization. It showed high thermal stability, high activity in a broad range of pH (6-11) and temperature (30-90 °C) and effectivity in recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass degradation. Our results demonstrated the power of in silico analysis to discover novel alkali-thermostable xylanases, effective for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Ariaeenejad
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Morteza Maleki
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Elnaz Hosseini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREO), Karaj, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Ariaeenejad S, Hosseini E, Maleki M, Kavousi K, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Salekdeh GH. Identification and characterization of a novel thermostable xylanase from camel rumen metagenome. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 126:1295-1302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
127
|
Wang L, Zhang G, Xu H, Xin H, Zhang Y. Metagenomic Analyses of Microbial and Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes in the Rumen of Holstein Cows Fed Different Forage-to-Concentrate Ratios. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:649. [PMID: 30984155 PMCID: PMC6449447 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of different forage-to-concentrate ratios and sampling times on the genetic diversity of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and the taxonomic profile of rumen microbial communities in dairy cows. Six ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were arbitrarily divided into groups fed high-forage (HF) or low-forage (LF) diets. The results showed that, for glycoside hydrolase (GH) families, there were greater differences based on dietary forage-to-concentrate ratio than sampling time. The HF treatment group at 4 h after feeding (AF4h) had the most microbial diversity. Genes that encode GHs had the highest number of CAZymes, and accounted for 57.33% and 56.48% of all CAZymes in the HF and LF treatments, respectively. The majority of GH family genes encode oligosaccharide-degrading enzymes, and GH2, GH3, and GH43 were synthesized by a variety of different genera. Notably, we found that GH3 was higher in HF than LF diet samples, and mainly produced by Prevotella, Bacteroides, and unclassified reads. Most predicted cellulase enzymes were encoded by GH5 (the BF0h group under HF treatment was highest) and GH95 (the BF0h group under LF treatment was highest), and were primarily derived from Bacteroides, Butyrivibrio, and Fibrobacter. Approximately 67.5% (GH28) and 65.5% (GH53) of the putative hemicellulases in LF and HF treatments, respectively. GH28 under LF treatment was more abundant than under HF treatment, and was mainly produced by Ruminococcus, Prevotella, and Bacteroides. This study revealed that HF-fed cows had increased microbial diversity of CAZyme producers, which encode enzymes that efficiently degrade plant cell wall polysaccharides in the cow rumen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hangshu Xin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Chaurasia SK, Bhardwaj NK. Biobleaching - An ecofriendly and environmental benign pulp bleaching technique: A review. J Carbohydr Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2019.1581888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nishi K. Bhardwaj
- Avantha Centre for Industrial Research and Development, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Heterologous expression, purification and biochemical characterization of a new xylanase from Myceliophthora heterothallica F.2.1.4. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:798-805. [PMID: 30905755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Myceliophthora heterothallica is a thermophilic fungus potentially relevant for the production of enzymes involved in the degradation of plant biomass. A xylanase encoding gene of this species was identified by means of RT-PCR using primers designed based on a xylanase coding sequence (GH11) of the fungus M. thermophila. The obtained gene was ligated to the vector pET28a(+) and the construct was transformed into Escherichia coli cells. The recombinant xylanase (r-ec-XylMh) was heterologously expressed, and the highest activity was observed at 55 °C and pH 6. The enzyme stability was greater than 70% between pH 4.5 and 9.5 and the inclusion of glycerol (50%) resulted in a significant increase in thermostability. Under these conditions, the enzyme retained more than 50% residual activity when incubated at 65 °C for 1 h, and approximately 30% activity when incubated at 70 °C for the same period. The tested cations did not increase xylanolytic activity, and the enzyme indicated significant tolerance to several phenolic compounds after 24 h, as well as high specificity for xylan, with no activity for other substrates such as CMC (carboxymethylcellulose), Avicel, pNPX (p-nitrophenyl-β-D-xylopyranoside) and pNPA (p-nitrophenyl-α-L-arabinofuranoside), and is thus, of potential relevance in pulp bleaching.
Collapse
|
130
|
Sinjaroonsak S, Chaiyaso T, H-Kittikun A. Optimization of Cellulase and Xylanase Productions by Streptomyces thermocoprophilus Strain TC13W Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Tuna Condensate as Substrates. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:76-86. [PMID: 30868383 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-02986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The modified medium composed of the alkaline-pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch (APEFB) and tuna condensate powder was used for cellulase and xylanase productions by Streptomyces thermocoprophilus strain TC13W. The APEFB contained 74.46% (w/w) cellulose, 15.72% (w/w) hemicellulose, and 6.40% (w/w) lignin. The tuna condensate powder contained 55.49% (w/w) protein and 11.05% (w/w) salt. In the modified medium with only 6.75 g/l tuna condensate powder, 10 g/l APEFB, and 0.5 g/l Tween 80, S. thermocoprophilus strain TC13W produced cellulase 4.9 U/ml and xylanase 9.0 U/ml. The enzyme productions in the modified medium were lower than cellulase (6.0 U/ml) and xylanase (12.0 U/ml) productions in the complex medium (CaCl2 0.1, MgSO4·7H2O 0.1, KH2PO4 0.5, K2HPO4 1.0, NaCl 0.2, yeast extract 5.0, NH4NO3 1.0, Tween 80 0.5). When tuna condensate powder in the modified medium was reduced to 5.0 g/l and Tween 80 was increased to 1.5 g/l, S. thermocoprophilus strain TC13W produced cellulase and xylanase activities of 9.1 and 12.1 U/ml, respectively. This study shows that the cost of enzyme production could be reduced by using pretreated EFB and tuna condensate as a carbon and a nitrogen source, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santat Sinjaroonsak
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand.
| | - Thanongsak Chaiyaso
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Aran H-Kittikun
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Zhang HL, Wei JK, Wang QH, Yang R, Gao XJ, Sang YX, Cai PP, Zhang GQ, Chen QJ. Lignocellulose utilization and bacterial communities of millet straw based mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) production. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1151. [PMID: 30718596 PMCID: PMC6362146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Agaricus bisporus is in general cultivated on wheat and rice straw in China. However, millet straw is a potential alternative resource for Agaricus bisporus cultivation, but this has hardly been studied. In the present study, the feasibility of millet straw based mushroom production was analyzed by three successive trials. Mature compost demonstrated high quality with total nitrogen, pH, and C/N ratio of 2.0%, 7.5, and 18:1 respectively, which was suitable for mushroom mycelia growth. During composting, 47–50% of cellulose, 63–65% of hemicellulose, and 8–17% lignin were degraded, while 22–27% of cellulose, 14–16% of hemicellulose, and 15–21% of lignin were consumed by A. bisporus mycelia during cultivation. The highest FPUase and CMCase were observed during mushroom flushes. Endo-xylanase had the key role in hemicellulose degradation with high enzyme activity during cultivation stages. Laccase participated in lignin degradation with the highest enzyme activity in Pinning stage followed by a sharp decline at the first flush. Yield was up to 20 kg/m2, as this is similar to growth on wheat straw, this shows that millet straw is an effective resource for mushroom cultivation. Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing during composting. The key environmental factors dominating bacterial communities of the samples were determined to be pH value, cellulose content, and hemicellulose content for prewetting and premixed phase of basic mixture (P0); moisture content for phase I (PI); and nitrogen content, lignin content, and ash content for phase II (PII), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Lin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.,College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
| | - Jin-Kang Wei
- Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qing-Hui Wang
- Chengde Xingchunhe Agricultural Co. Ltd., Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yu-Xi Sang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Pan-Pan Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Qing-Jun Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Delineating thermophilic xylanase from Bacillus licheniformis DM5 towards its potential application in xylooligosaccharides production. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:34. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2605-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
133
|
Alokika, Singh D, Singh B. Utility of acidic xylanase of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis JJBS250 in improving the nutritional value of poultry feed. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:503. [PMID: 30498676 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cane molasses has been employed as a cost-effective medium for enhanced xylanase production in submerged fermentation. Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis JJBS250 produced xylanase (15.16 U/ml) at pH 4.0, 35 °C and 200 rpm after 54 h using optimized basal medium by 'one variable at a time approach'. Addition of Tween 80 and PEG 4000 also enhanced xylanase production in cane molasses medium. Combined effect of yeast extract, incubation time and PEG 4000 using statistical optimization enhanced xylanase production to 38.60 U/ml, which was 2.54-fold higher than the 'one variable at a time approach'. The efficacy of xylanase from Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis JJBS 250 was evaluated in the improvement of poultry feed nutrition. Xylanase addition (10 IU/g feed) enhanced liberation of reducing sugars (95.540 mg/g substrate) after 48 h at 60 °C. Optimization has resulted in enhanced production of xylanase that improved the nutritional quality of poultry feed.
Collapse
|
134
|
Gautam A, Kumar A, Bharti AK, Dutt D. Rice straw fermentation by Schizophyllum commune ARC-11 to produce high level of xylanase for its application in pre-bleaching. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2018; 16:693-701. [PMID: 30733790 PMCID: PMC6353721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rice straw is valuable resource that has been used as substrate for cost effective production of xylanase under solid-state fermentation by a newly isolated white rot fungi, S. commune ARC-11. Out of eleven carbon sources tested, rice straw was found most effective for the induction of xylanase that produced 4288.3 IU/gds of xylanase by S. commune ARC-11. Maximum xylanase production (6721.9 IU/gds) was observed on 8th day of incubation at temperature (30 °C), initial pH (7.0) and initial moisture content (70.0%). The supplementation of ammonium sulphate (0.08% N, as available nitrogen) enhanced the xylanase production up to 8591.4 IU/gds. The xylanase production by S. commune ARC-11 was further improved by the addition of 0.10%, (w/v) of Tween-20 as surfactant. The maximum xylanase activities were found at pH 5.0 and temperature 55 °C with a longer stability (180 min) at temperature 45, 50 and 55 °C. This xylanase preparation was also evaluated for the pre-bleaching of ethanol-soda pulp from Eulaliopsis binata. An enzyme dosage of 10 IU/g of xylanase resulted maximum decrease in kappa number (14.51%) with a maximum improvement 2.9% in ISO brightness compared to control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Archana Gautam
- Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 247 001, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Markos University, Ethiopia
| | - Amit Kumar Bharti
- Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 247 001, India
| | - Dharm Dutt
- Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 247 001, India
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Kalli E, Lappa I, Bouchagier P, Tarantilis PA, Skotti E. Novel application and industrial exploitation of winery by-products. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-018-0232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
136
|
Valorization of passion fruit peel by-product: Xylanase production and its potential as bleaching agent for kraft pulp. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
137
|
Gómez-García R, Medina-Morales MA, Rodrìguez R, Farruggia B, Picó G, Aguilar CN. Production of a xylanase by Trichoderma harzianum (Hypocrea lixii) in solid-state fermentation and its recovery by an aqueous two-phase system. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.24870/cjb.2018-000122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
138
|
Kostyleva EV, Tsurikova NV, Sereda A, Velikoretskaya IA, Veselkina TN, Lobanov NS, Shashkov IA, Sinitsyn A. Enhancement of Activity of Carbohydrases with Endo-depolymerase Action in Trichoderma reesei Using Mutagenesis. Microbiology (Reading) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261718050120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
139
|
Brandt SC, Ellinger B, van Nguyen T, Thi QD, van Nguyen G, Baschien C, Yurkov A, Hahnke RL, Schäfer W, Gand M. A unique fungal strain collection from Vietnam characterized for high performance degraders of bioecological important biopolymers and lipids. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202695. [PMID: 30161149 PMCID: PMC6117010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal strains are abundantly used throughout all areas of biotechnology and many of them are adapted to degrade complex biopolymers like chitin or lignocellulose. We therefore assembled a collection of 295 fungi from nine different habitats in Vietnam, known for its rich biodiversity, and investigated their cellulase, chitinase, xylanase and lipase activity. The collection consists of 70 isolates from wood, 55 from soil, 44 from rice straw, 3 found on fruits, 24 from oil environments (butchery), 12 from hot springs, 47 from insects as well as 27 from shrimp shells and 13 strains from crab shells. These strains were cultivated and selected by growth differences to enrich phenotypes, resulting in 211 visually different fungi. DNA isolation of 183 isolates and phylogenetic analysis was performed and 164 species were identified. All were subjected to enzyme activity assays, yielding high activities for every investigated enzyme set. In general, enzyme activity corresponded with the environment of which the strain was isolated from. Therefore, highest cellulase activity strains were isolated from wood substrates, rice straw and soil and similar substrate effects were observed for chitinase and lipase activity. Xylanase activity was similarly distributed as cellulase activity, but substantial activity was also found from fungi isolated from insects and shrimp shells. Seven strains displayed significant activities against three of the four tested substrates, while three degraded all four investigated carbon sources. The collection will be an important source for further studies. Therefore representative strains were made available to the scientific community and deposited in the public collection of the Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C. Brandt
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ellinger
- Department ScreeningPort, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thuat van Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Quyen Dinh Thi
- Institue of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang van Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trâu Quỳ, Gia Lâm, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Christiane Baschien
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andrey Yurkov
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Richard L. Hahnke
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schäfer
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gand
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Yang J, Han Z. Understanding the Positional Binding and Substrate Interaction of a Highly Thermostable GH10 Xylanase from Thermotoga maritima by Molecular Docking. Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8030064. [PMID: 30061529 PMCID: PMC6163442 DOI: 10.3390/biom8030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolase family 10 (GH10) xylanases are responsible for enzymatic cleavage of the internal glycosidic linkages of the xylan backbone, to generate xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and xyloses. The topologies of active-site cleft determine the substrate preferences and product profiles of xylanases. In this study, positional bindings and substrate interactions of TmxB, one of the most thermostable xylanases characterized from Thermotoga maritima to date, was investigated by docking simulations. XOS with backbone lengths of two to five (X2–X5) were docked into the active-site cleft of TmxB by AutoDock The modeled complex structures provided a series of snapshots of the interactions between XOS and TmxB. Changes in binding energy with the length of the XOS backbone indicated the existence of four effective subsites in TmxB. The interaction patterns at subsites −2 to +1 in TmxB were conserved among GH10 xylanases whereas those at distal aglycone subsite +2, consisting of the hydrogen bond network, was unique for TmxB. This work helps in obtaining an in-depth understanding of the substrate-binding property of TmxB and provides a basis for rational design of mutants with desired product profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangke Yang
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Zhenggang Han
- College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Characterization of a novel cold-active xylanase from Luteimonas species. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:123. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
142
|
Kambourova M. Thermostable enzymes and polysaccharides produced by thermophilic bacteria isolated from Bulgarian hot springs. Eng Life Sci 2018; 18:758-767. [PMID: 32624870 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermostable enzymes (thermozymes) have been recognized as extremophilic compounds with a greatest biotechnological importance in different industrial areas. Quite recently exopolysaccharides (EPSs) synthesized by thermophiles became an object of increased research interest due to their unique properties appropriate for some specific industrial needs. Thermophilic producers of biotechnologically valuable enzymes and novel EPS were isolated by our group from Bulgarian thermal springs with a diverse geotectonic origin and different water properties. Laboratory reactor processes for their production were developed in batch and continuous cultures. Some of the synthesized thermostable enzymes were among the first described in their groups, for example, the single known thermostable gellan lyase that demonstrated specific activity higher than that of the mesophilic enzymes. Isolated by us thermostable xylanase was able to degrade more than 60% of beechwood xylan in a coprocess with an archaeal β-xylosidase. Lipase purified by us was active between 55 and 90°C with an optimum at 75-80°C in a large pH range. It was able to degrade a broad range of substrates. Isolates from Bulgarian hot springs synthesized EPS with novel composition and high thermostability. Thus, Bulgarian hot springs harbor a wide set of thermophilic producers of novel enzymes and EPS with potential for a large number of biotechnological applications.
Collapse
|
143
|
Basit A, Liu J, Rahim K, Jiang W, Lou H. Thermophilic xylanases: from bench to bottle. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:989-1002. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1425662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junquan Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kashif Rahim
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Drug and Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqiang Lou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Liu X, Liu T, Zhang Y, Xin F, Mi S, Wen B, Gu T, Shi X, Wang F, Sun L. Structural Insights into the Thermophilic Adaption Mechanism of Endo-1,4-β-Xylanase from Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:187-193. [PMID: 29236500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) are a kind of enzymes degrading xylan to xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and have been widely used in a variety of industrial applications. Among them, xylanases from thermophilic microorganisms have distinct advantages in industries that require high temperature conditions. The CoXynA gene, encoding a glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10 xylanase, was identified from thermophilic Caldicellulosiruptor owensensis and was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Recombinant CoXynA showed optimal activity at 90 °C with a half-life of about 1 h at 80 °C and exhibited highest activity at pH 7.0. The activity of CoXynA activity was affected by a variety of cations. CoXynA showed distinct substrate specificities for beechwood xylan and birchwood xylan. The crystal structure of CoXynA was solved and a molecular dynamics simulation of CoXynA was performed. The relatively high thermostability of CoXynA was proposed to be due to the increased overall protein rigidity resulting from the reduced length and fluctuation of Loop 7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Yuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
| | - Fengjiao Xin
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Shuofu Mi
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Boting Wen
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Tianyi Gu
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xinyuan Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Lichao Sun
- Laboratory of Biomanufacturing and Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|