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Franco-Iborra S, Vila M, Perier C. Mitochondrial Quality Control in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Focus on Parkinson's Disease and Huntington's Disease. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:342. [PMID: 29875626 PMCID: PMC5974257 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several important advances have been made in our understanding of the pathways that lead to cell dysfunction and death in Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). Despite distinct clinical and pathological features, these two neurodegenerative diseases share critical processes, such as the presence of misfolded and/or aggregated proteins, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial anomalies. Even though the mitochondria are commonly regarded as the "powerhouses" of the cell, they are involved in a multitude of cellular events such as heme metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction play a key role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, further highlighting the importance of these organelles, especially in neurons. The maintenance of mitochondrial integrity through different surveillance mechanisms is thus critical for neuron survival. Mitochondria display a wide range of quality control mechanisms, from the molecular to the organellar level. Interestingly, many of these lines of defense have been found to be altered in neurodegenerative diseases such as PD and HD. Current knowledge and further elucidation of the novel pathways that protect the cell through mitochondrial quality control may offer unique opportunities for disease therapy in situations where ongoing mitochondrial damage occurs. In this review, we discuss the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegeneration with a special focus on the recent findings regarding mitochondrial quality control pathways, beyond the classical effects of increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and bioenergetic alterations. We also discuss how disturbances in these processes underlie the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders such as PD and HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Franco-Iborra
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Vila
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celine Perier
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
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102
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Maass F, Michalke B, Leha A, Boerger M, Zerr I, Koch JC, Tönges L, Bähr M, Lingor P. Elemental fingerprint as a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2018; 145:342-351. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Maass
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry; German Research Center for Environmental Health; Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen; Neuherberg Germany
| | - Andreas Leha
- Department of Medical Statistics; University Medical Center Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | - Matthias Boerger
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
- DZNE; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
| | - Jan-Christoph Koch
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB); Goettingen Germany
| | - Lars Tönges
- Department of Neurology; Ruhr-University Bochum; St. Josef-Hospital; Bochum Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB); Goettingen Germany
| | - Paul Lingor
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Goettingen; Goettingen Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB); Goettingen Germany
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103
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Bencsik A, Lestaevel P, Guseva Canu I. Nano- and neurotoxicology: An emerging discipline. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 160:45-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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104
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Trist BG, Fifita JA, Freckleton SE, Hare DJ, Lewis SJG, Halliday GM, Blair IP, Double KL. Accumulation of dysfunctional SOD1 protein in Parkinson's disease is not associated with mutations in the SOD1 gene. Acta Neuropathol 2018; 135:155-156. [PMID: 29052003 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1779-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Trist
- Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Fifita
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sarah E Freckleton
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Elemental Bio-Imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Simon J G Lewis
- Healthy Brain Ageing Program, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Central Clinical School and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Ian P Blair
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Kay L Double
- Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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105
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New EJ, Wimmer VC, Hare DJ. Promises and Pitfalls of Metal Imaging in Biology. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 25:7-18. [PMID: 29153850 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A picture may speak a thousand words, but if those words fail to form a coherent sentence there is little to be learned. As cutting-edge imaging technology now provides us the tools to decipher the multitude of roles played by metals and metalloids in molecular, cellular, and developmental biology, as well as health and disease, it is time to reflect on the advances made in imaging, the limitations discovered, and the future of a burgeoning field. In this Perspective, the current state of the art is discussed from a self-imposed contrarian position, as we not only highlight the major advances made over the years but use them as teachable moments to zoom in on challenges that remain to be overcome. We also describe the steps being taken toward being able to paint a completely undisturbed picture of cellular metal metabolism, which is, metaphorically speaking, the Holy Grail of the discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Verena C Wimmer
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Elemental Bio-imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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106
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Dexamethasone Inhibits Copper-Induced Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation by a Metallothionein-Dependent Mechanism. Neurotox Res 2017; 33:229-238. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9825-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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107
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Genoud S, Roberts BR, Gunn AP, Halliday GM, Lewis SJG, Ball HJ, Hare DJ, Double KL. Subcellular compartmentalisation of copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in the Parkinson's disease brain. Metallomics 2017; 9:1447-1455. [PMID: 28944802 PMCID: PMC5647261 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00244k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Elevated iron and decreased copper levels are cardinal features of the degenerating substantia nigra pars compacta in the Parkinson's disease brain. Both of these redox-active metals, and fellow transition metals manganese and zinc, are found at high concentrations within the midbrain and participate in a range of unique biological reactions. We examined the total metal content and cellular compartmentalisation of manganese, iron, copper and zinc in the degenerating substantia nigra, disease-affected but non-degenerating fusiform gyrus, and unaffected occipital cortex in the post mortem Parkinson's disease brain compared with age-matched controls. An expected increase in iron and a decrease in copper concentration was isolated to the soluble cellular fraction, encompassing both interstitial and cytosolic metals and metal-binding proteins, rather than the membrane-associated or insoluble fractions. Manganese and zinc levels did not differ between experimental groups. Altered Fe and Cu levels were unrelated to Braak pathological staging in our cases of late-stage (Braak stage V and VI) disease. The data supports our hypothesis that regional alterations in Fe and Cu, and in proteins that utilise these metals, contribute to the regional selectively of neuronal vulnerability in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian Genoud
- Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Blaine R Roberts
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Adam P Gunn
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia. and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia and School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Simon J G Lewis
- Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia. and Healthy Brain Ageing Program, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Helen J Ball
- Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Elemental Bio-imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Kay L Double
- Discipline of Biomedical Science and Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
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108
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Carboni E, Nicolas JD, Töpperwien M, Stadelmann-Nessler C, Lingor P, Salditt T. Imaging of neuronal tissues by x-ray diffraction and x-ray fluorescence microscopy: evaluation of contrast and biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:4331-4347. [PMID: 29082068 PMCID: PMC5654783 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.004331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We have used scanning X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) with micro-focused synchrotron radiation to study histological sections from human substantia nigra (SN). Both XRF and XRD mappings visualize tissue properties, which are inaccessible by conventional microscopy and histology. We propose to use these advanced tools to characterize neuronal tissue in neurodegeneration, in particular in Parkinson's disease (PD). To this end, we take advantage of the recent experimental progress in x-ray focusing, detection, and use automated data analysis scripts to enable quantitative analysis of large field of views. XRD signals are recorded and analyzed both in the regime of small-angle (SAXS) and wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS). The SAXS signal was analyzed in view of the local myelin structure, while WAXS was used to identify crystalline deposits. PD tissue scans exhibited increased amounts of crystallized cholesterol. The XRF analysis showed increased amounts of iron and decreased amounts of copper in the PD tissue compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Carboni
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen,
Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain”, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen,
Germany
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jan-David Nicolas
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Mareike Töpperwien
- Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain”, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen,
Germany
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
| | | | - Paul Lingor
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen,
Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain”, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen,
Germany
| | - Tim Salditt
- Cluster of Excellence “Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain”, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen,
Germany
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen,
Germany
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109
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X-ray microfluorescence for biodistribution studies of nanomedicines. Int J Pharm 2017; 531:343-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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110
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Gardner B, Dieriks BV, Cameron S, Mendis LHS, Turner C, Faull RLM, Curtis MA. Metal concentrations and distributions in the human olfactory bulb in Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10454. [PMID: 28874699 PMCID: PMC5585381 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10659-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), the olfactory bulb is typically the first region in the body to accumulate alpha-synuclein aggregates. This pathology is linked to decreased olfactory ability, which becomes apparent before any motor symptoms occur, and may be due to a local metal imbalance. Metal concentrations were investigated in post-mortem olfactory bulbs and tracts from 17 human subjects. Iron (p < 0.05) and sodium (p < 0.01) concentrations were elevated in the PD olfactory bulb. Combining laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry, iron and copper were evident at very low levels in regions of alpha-synuclein aggregation. Zinc was high in these regions, and free zinc was detected in Lewy bodies, mitochondria, and lipofuscin of cells in the anterior olfactory nucleus. Increased iron and sodium in the human PD olfactory bulb may relate to the loss of olfactory function. In contrast, colocalization of free zinc and alpha-synuclein in the anterior olfactory nucleus implicate zinc in PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwen Gardner
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy with Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Birger V Dieriks
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy with Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Steve Cameron
- Waikato Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Lakshini H S Mendis
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy with Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clinton Turner
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy with Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy with Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maurice A Curtis
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy with Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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111
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Perrin L, Roudeau S, Carmona A, Domart F, Petersen JD, Bohic S, Yang Y, Cloetens P, Ortega R. Zinc and Copper Effects on Stability of Tubulin and Actin Networks in Dendrites and Spines of Hippocampal Neurons. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1490-1499. [PMID: 28323401 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc and copper ions can modulate the activity of glutamate receptors. However, labile zinc and copper ions likely represent only the tip of the iceberg and other neuronal functions are suspected for these metals in their bound state. We performed synchrotron X-ray fluorescence imaging with 30 nm resolution to image total biometals in dendrites and spines from hippocampal neurons. We found that zinc is distributed all along the dendrites while copper is mainly pinpointed within the spines. In spines, zinc content is higher within the spine head while copper is higher within the spine neck. Such specific distributions suggested metal interactions with cytoskeleton proteins. Zinc supplementation induced the increase of β-tubulin content in dendrites. Copper supplementation impaired the β-tubulin and F-actin networks. Copper chelation resulted in the decrease of F-actin content in dendrites, drastically reducing the number of F-actin protrusions. These results indicate that zinc is involved in microtubule stability whereas copper is essential for actin-dependent stability of dendritic spines, although copper excess can impair the dendritic cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Perrin
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG,
UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Stéphane Roudeau
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG,
UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Asuncion Carmona
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG,
UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
| | - Florelle Domart
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG,
UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
- University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience,
UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience,
UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jennifer D. Petersen
- University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience,
UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience,
UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS, US4 INSERM,
University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Inserm U1216, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Grenoble Institut
des Neurosciences, GIN University of Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yang Yang
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Richard Ortega
- University of Bordeaux, CENBG,
UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
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112
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like superoxide dismutase 1 proteinopathy is associated with neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease brain. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 134:113-127. [PMID: 28527045 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal loss in numerous neurodegenerative disorders has been linked to protein aggregation and oxidative stress. Emerging data regarding overlapping proteinopathy in traditionally distinct neurodegenerative diseases suggest that disease-modifying treatments targeting these pathological features may exhibit efficacy across multiple disorders. Here, we describe proteinopathy distinct from classic synucleinopathy, predominantly comprised of the anti-oxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), in the Parkinson's disease brain. Significant expression of this pathology closely reflected the regional pattern of neuronal loss. The protein composition and non-amyloid macrostructure of these novel aggregates closely resembles that of neurotoxic SOD1 deposits in SOD1-associated familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS). Consistent with the hypothesis that deposition of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative disorders reflects upstream dysfunction, we demonstrated that SOD1 in the Parkinson's disease brain exhibits evidence of misfolding and metal deficiency, similar to that seen in mutant SOD1 in fALS. Our data suggest common mechanisms of toxic SOD1 aggregation in both disorders and a potential role for SOD1 dysfunction in neuronal loss in the Parkinson's disease brain. This shared restricted proteinopathy highlights the potential translation of therapeutic approaches targeting SOD1 toxicity, already in clinical trials for ALS, into disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson's disease.
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113
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Liddell JR, White AR. Nexus between mitochondrial function, iron, copper and glutathione in Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2017; 117:126-138. [PMID: 28577988 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is neuropathologically characterised by loss of catecholamine neurons in vulnerable brain regions including substantia nigra pars compacta and locus coeruleus. This review discusses how the susceptibility of these regions is defined by their shared biochemical characteristics that differentiate them from other neurons. Parkinson's disease is biochemically characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of iron, diminished copper content and depleted glutathione levels in these regions. This review also discusses this neuropathology, and provides evidence for how these pathological features are mechanistically linked to each other. This leads to the conclusion that disruption of mitochondrial function, or iron, copper or glutathione metabolism in isolation provokes the pathological impairment of them all. This creates a vicious cycle that drives pathology leading to mitochondrial failure and neuronal cell death in vulnerable brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Liddell
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Anthony R White
- Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
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114
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Rubio-Osornio M, Orozco-Ibarra M, Díaz-Ruiz A, Brambila E, Boll MC, Monroy-Noyola A, Guevara J, Montes S, Ríos C. Copper sulfate pretreatment prevents mitochondrial electron transport chain damage and apoptosis against MPP +-induced neurotoxicity. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 271:1-8. [PMID: 28442376 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intrastriatal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) is considered a model to reproduce some biochemical alterations observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Among those alterations, inhibition of mitochondrial complex I activity, increased free radical production and reduced antioxidant responses have been reported. Copper (Cu) plays an important role in the metabolism and antioxidative responses through its participation as a cofactor in the cytochrome c oxidase enzyme (COX), Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), and metallothioneins. We tested the effect of copper sulfate (CuSO4) pretreatment on the mitochondrial electron transport chain (METC) in the striatum after MPP+ toxicity in rats. The results showed that the MPP+ intrastriatal injection reduced mitochondrial complex I, II, IV and V activities; while 10 μmol of CuSO4 pretreatment counteracted this damage. Activities of complexes I, II and IV, were coincident with ATP recovery. Moreover, Cu/Zn-SOD activity was reduced as a consequence of MPP+ damage; however, copper pre-treatment kept the striatal Cu/Zn-SOD activity unchanged in MPP+-damaged animals. We observed that MPP+ also reduced the metallothionein (MT) content and that CuSO4 pretreatment maintained baseline values. CuSO4 pretreatment also reduced the striatal caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities that were increased three days after MPP+-induced damage. The present study provided evidence that copper pretreatment reduced MPP+-induced apoptotic damage, probably through direct action on copper-dependent proteins or indirectly on proteins in the apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Rubio-Osornio
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A., Mexico
| | - Marisol Orozco-Ibarra
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A., Mexico
| | - Araceli Díaz-Ruiz
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A., Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Químico-Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Marie-Catherine Boll
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A., Mexico
| | - Antonio Monroy-Noyola
- Laboratorio de Neuroprotección, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Guevara
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Sergio Montes
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A., Mexico
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A., Mexico; Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico.
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Cruces-Sande A, Méndez-Álvarez E, Soto-Otero R. Copper increases the ability of 6-hydroxydopamine to generate oxidative stress and the ability of ascorbate and glutathione to potentiate this effect: potential implications in Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2017; 141:738-749. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antón Cruces-Sande
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Estefanía Méndez-Álvarez
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
| | - Ramón Soto-Otero
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Santiago de Compostela; Santiago de Compostela Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED); Madrid Spain
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116
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Okita Y, Rcom-H'cheo-Gauthier AN, Goulding M, Chung RS, Faller P, Pountney DL. Metallothionein, Copper and Alpha-Synuclein in Alpha-Synucleinopathies. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:114. [PMID: 28420950 PMCID: PMC5380005 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are proteins that function by metal exchange to regulate the bioavailability of metals, such as zinc and copper. Copper functions in the brain to regulate mitochondria, neurotransmitter production, and cell signaling. Inappropriate copper binding can result in loss of protein function and Cu(I)/(II) redox cycling can generate reactive oxygen species. Copper accumulates in the brain with aging and has been shown to bind alpha-synuclein and initiate its aggregation, the primary aetiological factor in Parkinson's disease (PD), and other alpha-synucleinopathies. In PD, total tissue copper is decreased, including neuromelanin-bound copper and there is a reduction in copper transporter CTR-1. Conversely cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) copper is increased. MT-1/2 expression is increased in activated astrocytes in alpha-synucleinopathies, yet expression of the neuronal MT-3 isoform may be reduced. MTs have been implicated in inflammatory states to perform one-way exchange of copper, releasing free zinc and recent studies have found copper bound to alpha-synuclein is transferred to the MT-3 isoform in vitro and MT-3 is found bound to pathological alpha-synuclein aggregates in the alpha-synucleinopathy, multiple systems atrophy. Moreover, both MT and alpha-synuclein can be released and taken up by neural cells via specific receptors and so may interact both intra- and extra-cellularly. Here, we critically review the role of MTs in copper dyshomeostasis and alpha-synuclein aggregation, and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuho Okita
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith UniversityGold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Michael Goulding
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith UniversityGold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Roger S Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Faller
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced StudyStrasbourg, France
| | - Dean L Pountney
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith UniversityGold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. The Effect of the Human Peptide GHK on Gene Expression Relevant to Nervous System Function and Cognitive Decline. Brain Sci 2017; 7:E20. [PMID: 28212278 PMCID: PMC5332963 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration, the progressive death of neurons, loss of brain function, and cognitive decline is an increasing problem for senior populations. Its causes are poorly understood and therapies are largely ineffective. Neurons, with high energy and oxygen requirements, are especially vulnerable to detrimental factors, including age-related dysregulation of biochemical pathways caused by altered expression of multiple genes. GHK (glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine) is a human copper-binding peptide with biological actions that appear to counter aging-associated diseases and conditions. GHK, which declines with age, has health promoting effects on many tissues such as chondrocytes, liver cells and human fibroblasts, improves wound healing and tissue regeneration (skin, hair follicles, stomach and intestinal linings, boney tissue), increases collagen, decorin, angiogenesis, and nerve outgrowth, possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-pain and anti-anxiety effects, increases cellular stemness and the secretion of trophic factors by mesenchymal stem cells. Studies using the Broad Institute Connectivity Map show that GHK peptide modulates expression of multiple genes, resetting pathological gene expression patterns back to health. GHK has been recommended as a treatment for metastatic cancer, Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, inflammation, acute lung injury, activating stem cells, pain, and anxiety. Here, we present GHK's effects on gene expression relevant to the nervous system health and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren Pickart
- Research & Development Department, Skin Biology, 4122 Factoria Boulevard SE Suite No. 200 Bellevue, WA 98006, USA.
| | | | - Anna Margolina
- Research & Development Department, Skin Biology, 4122 Factoria Boulevard SE Suite No. 200 Bellevue, WA 98006, USA.
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118
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Toni M, Massimino ML, De Mario A, Angiulli E, Spisni E. Metal Dyshomeostasis and Their Pathological Role in Prion and Prion-Like Diseases: The Basis for a Nutritional Approach. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:3. [PMID: 28154522 PMCID: PMC5243831 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal ions are key elements in organisms' life acting like cofactors of many enzymes but they can also be potentially dangerous for the cell participating in redox reactions that lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Any factor inducing or limiting a metal dyshomeostasis, ROS production and cell injury may contribute to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases or play a neuroprotective action. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also known as prion diseases, are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders affecting the central nervous system (CNS) of human and other mammalian species. The causative agent of TSEs is believed to be the scrapie prion protein PrPSc, the β sheet-rich pathogenic isoform produced by the conformational conversion of the α-helix-rich physiological isoform PrPC. The peculiarity of PrPSc is its ability to self-propagate in exponential fashion in cells and its tendency to precipitate in insoluble and protease-resistance amyloid aggregates leading to neuronal cell death. The expression “prion-like diseases” refers to a group of neurodegenerative diseases that share some neuropathological features with prion diseases such as the involvement of proteins (α-synuclein, amyloid β, and tau) able to precipitate producing amyloid deposits following conformational change. High social impact diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's belong to prion-like diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the exposure to environmental metals is a risk factor for the development of prion and prion-like diseases and that metal ions can directly bind to prion and prion-like proteins affecting the amount of amyloid aggregates. The diet, source of metal ions but also of natural antioxidant and chelating agents such as polyphenols, is an aspect to take into account in addressing the issue of neurodegeneration. Epidemiological data suggest that the Mediterranean diet, based on the abundant consumption of fresh vegetables and on low intake of meat, could play a preventive or delaying role in prion and prion-like neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, metal role in the onset of prion and prion-like diseases is dealt with from a nutritional, cellular, and molecular point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Toni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Massimino
- National Research Council (CNR), Neuroscience Institute c/o Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova Padova, Italy
| | - Agnese De Mario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Angiulli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Spisni
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna Bologna, Italy
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Chauhan P, Muralidharan SB, Velappan AB, Datta D, Pratihar S, Debnath J, Ghosh KS. Inhibition of copper-mediated aggregation of human γD-crystallin by Schiff bases. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:505-517. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abstract
Copper is an essential trace metal that is required for several important biological processes, however, an excess of copper can be toxic to cells. Therefore, systemic and cellular copper homeostasis is tightly regulated, but dysregulation of copper homeostasis may occur in disease states, resulting either in copper deficiency or copper overload and toxicity. This chapter will give an overview on the biological roles of copper and of the mechanisms involved in copper uptake, storage, and distribution. In addition, we will describe potential mechanisms of the cellular toxicity of copper and copper oxide nanoparticles. Finally, we will summarize the current knowledge on the connection of copper toxicity with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Bulcke
- Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dringen
- Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ivo Florin Scheiber
- Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
- Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Bremen, Germany.
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121
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Vasquez V, Mitra J, Hegde PM, Pandey A, Sengupta S, Mitra S, Rao KS, Hegde ML. Chromatin-Bound Oxidized α-Synuclein Causes Strand Breaks in Neuronal Genomes in in vitro Models of Parkinson's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 60:S133-S150. [PMID: 28731447 PMCID: PMC6172953 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) overexpression and misfolding/aggregation in degenerating dopaminergic neurons have long been implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). The neurotoxicity of α-Syn is enhanced by iron (Fe) and other pro-oxidant metals, leading to generation of reactive oxygen species in PD brain. Although α-Syn is predominantly localized in presynaptic nerve terminals, a small fraction exists in neuronal nuclei. However, the functional and/or pathological role of nuclear α-Syn is unclear. Following up on our earlier report that α-Syn directly binds DNA in vitro, here we confirm the nuclear localization and chromatin association of α-Syn in neurons using proximity ligation and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. Moderate (∼2-fold) increase in α-Syn expression in neural lineage progenitor cells (NPC) derived from induced pluripotent human stem cells (iPSCs) or differentiated SHSY-5Y cells caused DNA strand breaks in the nuclear genome, which was further enhanced synergistically by Fe salts. Furthermore, α-Syn required nuclear localization for inducing genome damage as revealed by the effect of nucleus versus cytosol-specific mutants. Enhanced DNA damage by oxidized and misfolded/oligomeric α-Syn suggests that DNA nicking activity is mediated by the chemical nuclease activity of an oxidized peptide segment in the misfolded α-Syn. Consistent with this finding, a marked increase in Fe-dependent DNA breaks was observed in NPCs from a PD patient-derived iPSC line harboring triplication of the SNCA gene. Finally, α-Syn combined with Fe significantly promoted neuronal cell death. Together, these findings provide a novel molecular insight into the direct role of α-Syn in inducing neuronal genome damage, which could possibly contribute to neurodegeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velmarini Vasquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología, City of Knowledge, Republic of Panama
- Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, India
| | - Joy Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pavana M. Hegde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arvind Pandey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shiladitya Sengupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, NY, USA
| | - Sankar Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, NY, USA
| | - K. S. Rao
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología, City of Knowledge, Republic of Panama
| | - Muralidhar L. Hegde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Institute of Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, NY, USA
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123
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Enge TG, Ecroyd H, Jolley DF, Yerbury JJ, Dosseto A. Longitudinal assessment of metal concentrations and copper isotope ratios in the G93A SOD1 mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Metallomics 2017; 9:161-174. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00270f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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124
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Acosta-Cabronero J, Cardenas-Blanco A, Betts MJ, Butryn M, Valdes-Herrera JP, Galazky I, Nestor PJ. The whole-brain pattern of magnetic susceptibility perturbations in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2016; 140:118-131. [PMID: 27836833 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although iron-mediated oxidative stress has been proposed as a potential pathomechanism in Parkinson's disease, the global distribution of iron accumulation in Parkinson's disease has not yet been elucidated. This study used a new magnetic resonance imaging contrast, quantitative susceptibility mapping, and state-of-the-art methods to map for the first time the whole-brain landscape of magnetostatic alterations as a surrogate for iron level changes in n = 25 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease versus n = 50 matched controls. In addition to whole-brain analysis, a regional study including sub-segmentation of the substantia nigra into dorsal and ventral regions and qualitative assessment of susceptibility maps in single subjects were also performed. The most remarkable basal ganglia effect was an apparent magnetic susceptibility increase-consistent with iron deposition-in the dorsal substantia nigra, though an effect was also observed in ventral regions. Increased bulk susceptibility, additionally, was detected in rostral pontine areas and in a cortical pattern tightly concordant with known Parkinson's disease distributions of α-synuclein pathology. In contrast, the normally iron-rich cerebellar dentate nucleus returned a susceptibility reduction suggesting decreased iron content. These results are in agreement with previous post-mortem studies in which iron content was evaluated in specific regions of interest; however, extensive neocortical and cerebellar changes constitute a far more complex pattern of iron dysregulation than was anticipated. Such findings also stand in stark contrast to the lack of statistically significant group change using conventional magnetic resonance imaging methods namely voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness analysis, subcortical volumetry and tract-based diffusion tensor analysis; confirming the potential of whole-brain quantitative susceptibility mapping as an in vivo biomarker in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Acosta-Cabronero
- 1 German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Arturo Cardenas-Blanco
- 1 German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthew J Betts
- 1 German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Butryn
- 2 Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jose P Valdes-Herrera
- 1 German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Imke Galazky
- 2 Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter J Nestor
- 1 German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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125
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Coordination and redox properties of copper interaction with α-synuclein. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 163:292-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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126
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Schaumlöffel D, Hutchinson R, Malherbe J, Coustumer PL, Gontier E, Isaure MP. Novel Methods for Bioimaging Including LA-ICP-MS, NanoSIMS, TEM/X-EDS, and SXRF. Metallomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527694907.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Schaumlöffel
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM); UMR 5254 64000 Pau France
| | - Robert Hutchinson
- Electro Scientific Industries; 8 Avro Court, Ermine Business Park Huntingdon, Cambridge PE29 6XS UK
| | - Julien Malherbe
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM); UMR 5254 64000 Pau France
| | - Philippe Le Coustumer
- Université de Bordeaux, UF Sciences de la Terre et Environnement; Allée G. Saint-Hillaire 33615 Pessac France
| | - Etienne Gontier
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Imaging Center; UMS 3420 CNRS - US4 INSERM, Pôle d'imagerie électronique; 146 rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux France
| | - Marie-Pierre Isaure
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM); UMR 5254 64000 Pau France
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127
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Metals in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease: Relevance to Dementia with Lewy Bodies. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 60:279-288. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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128
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Coherent and Contradictory Facts, Feats and Fictions Associated with Metal Accumulation in Parkinson's Disease: Epicenter or Outcome, Yet a Demigod Question. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4738-4755. [PMID: 27480264 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0016-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve the food demand for escalating population along with an incredible boost in the average human life span owing to orchestrated progress in rejuvenation therapy have gradually increased the occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD). Etiology is albeit elusive; association of PD with metal accumulation has never been overlooked due to noteworthy similitude between metal-exposure symptoms and a few cardinal features of disease. Even though metals are entailed in the vital functions, a hysterical shift, primarily augmentation, escorts the stern nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration. An increase in the passage of metals through the blood brain barrier and impaired metabolic activity and elimination system could lead to metal accumulation in the brain, which eventually makes dopaminergic neurons quite susceptible. In the present article, an update on implication of metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism has been provided. Moreover, encouraging and paradoxical facts and fictions associated with metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism have also been compiled. Systematic literature survey of PD is performed to describe updated information if metal accumulation is an epicenter or merely an outcome. Finally, a perspective on the association of metal accumulation with pesticide-induced Parkinsonism has been explained to unveil the likely impact of the former in the latter.
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129
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Copper dyshomoeostasis in Parkinson's disease: implications for pathogenesis and indications for novel therapeutics. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:565-74. [PMID: 26957644 DOI: 10.1042/cs20150153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper is a biometal essential for normal brain development and function, thus copper deficiency or excess results in central nervous system disease. Well-characterized disorders of disrupted copper homoeostasis with neuronal degeneration include Menkes disease and Wilson's disease but a large body of evidence also implicates disrupted copper pathways in other neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease and prion diseases. In this short review we critically evaluate the data regarding changes in systemic and brain copper levels in Parkinson's disease, where alterations in brain copper are associated with regional neuronal cell death and disease pathology. We review copper regulating mechanisms in the human brain and the effects of dysfunction within these systems. We then examine the evidence for a role for copper in pathogenic processes in Parkinson's disease and consider reports of diverse copper-modulating strategies in in vitro and in vivo models of this disorder. Copper-modulating therapies are currently advancing through clinical trials for Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease and may also hold promise as disease modifying agents in Parkinson's disease.
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130
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Toulorge D, Schapira AHV, Hajj R. Molecular changes in the postmortem parkinsonian brain. J Neurochem 2016; 139 Suppl 1:27-58. [PMID: 27381749 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer disease. Although PD has a relatively narrow clinical phenotype, it has become clear that its etiological basis is broad. Post-mortem brain analysis, despite its limitations, has provided invaluable insights into relevant pathogenic pathways including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and protein homeostasis dysregulation. Identification of the genetic causes of PD followed the discovery of these abnormalities, and reinforced the importance of the biochemical defects identified post-mortem. Recent genetic studies have highlighted the mitochondrial and lysosomal areas of cell function as particularly significant in mediating the neurodegeneration of PD. Thus the careful analysis of post-mortem PD brain biochemistry remains a crucial component of research, and one that offers considerable opportunity to pursue etiological factors either by 'reverse biochemistry' i.e. from defective pathway to mutant gene, or by the complex interplay between pathways e.g. mitochondrial turnover by lysosomes. In this review we have documented the spectrum of biochemical defects identified in PD post-mortem brain and explored their relevance to metabolic pathways involved in neurodegeneration. We have highlighted the complex interactions between these pathways and the gene mutations causing or increasing risk for PD. These pathways are becoming a focus for the development of disease modifying therapies for PD. Parkinson's is accompanied by multiple changes in the brain that are responsible for the progression of the disease. We describe here the molecular alterations occurring in postmortem brains and classify them as: Neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors; Lewy bodies and Parkinson's-linked genes; Transition metals, calcium and calcium-binding proteins; Inflammation; Mitochondrial abnormalities and oxidative stress; Abnormal protein removal and degradation; Apoptosis and transduction pathways. This article is part of a special issue on Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodolphe Hajj
- Department of Discovery, Pharnext, Issy-Les-Moulineaux, France.
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131
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Pavlin M, Rossetti G, De Vivo M, Carloni P. Carnosine and Homocarnosine Degradation Mechanisms by the Human Carnosinase Enzyme CN1: Insights from Multiscale Simulations. Biochemistry 2016; 55:2772-84. [PMID: 27105448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous dipeptide l-carnosine, and its derivative homocarnosine, prevent and reduce several pathologies like amytrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Their beneficial action is severely hampered because of the hydrolysis by carnosinase enzymes, in particular the human carnosinase, hCN1. This belongs to the metallopeptidase M20 family, where a cocatalytic active site is formed by two Zn(2+) ions, bridged by a hydroxide anion. The protein may exist as a monomer and as a dimer in vivo. Here we used hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations based on the dimeric apoenzyme's structural information to predict the Michaelis complexes with l-carnosine and its derivative homocarnosine. On the basis of our calculations, we suggest that (i) l-carnosine degradation occurs through a nucleophilic attack of a Zn(2+)-coordinated bridging moiety for both monomer and dimer. This mechanistic hypothesis for hCN1 catalysis differs from previous proposals, while it is in agreement with available experimental data. (ii) The experimentally measured higher affinity of homocarnosine for the enzyme relative to l-carnosine might be explained, at least in part, by more extensive interactions inside the monomeric and dimeric hCN1's active site. (iii) Hydrogen bonds at the binding site, present in the dimer but absent in the monomer, might play a role in the experimentally observed higher activity of the dimeric form. Investigations of the enzymatic reaction are required to establish or disprove this hypothesis. Our results may serve as a basis for the design of potent hCN1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matic Pavlin
- Laboratory for Computational Biophysics, German Research School for Simulation Sciences (GRS), Forschungszentrum Jülich-RWTH Aachen , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Computational Biomedicine Section (INM-9), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM), and Institute of Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Giulia Rossetti
- Computational Biomedicine Section (INM-9), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM), and Institute of Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Jülich Supercomputing Center (JSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University , Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marco De Vivo
- Computational Biomedicine Section (INM-9), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM), and Institute of Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Discovery, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Carloni
- Laboratory for Computational Biophysics, German Research School for Simulation Sciences (GRS), Forschungszentrum Jülich-RWTH Aachen , 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Computational Biomedicine Section (INM-9), Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM), and Institute of Advanced Simulation (IAS), Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52425 Jülich, Germany
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132
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Dell'Acqua S, Pirota V, Anzani C, Rocco MM, Nicolis S, Valensin D, Monzani E, Casella L. Reactivity of copper-α-synuclein peptide complexes relevant to Parkinson's disease. Metallomics 2016; 7:1091-102. [PMID: 25865825 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00345d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of abnormal α-synuclein (αSyn) deposits in the brain. Alterations in metal homeostasis and metal-induced oxidative stress may play a crucial role in the aggregation of αSyn and, consequently, in the pathogenesis of PD. We have therefore investigated the capability of copper-αSyn6 and copper-αSyn15 peptide complexes, with the 1-6 and 1-15 terminal fragments of the protein, to promote redox reactions that can be harmful to other cellular components. The pseudo-tyrosinase activity of copper-αSyn complexes against catecholic (di-tert-butylcatechol (DTBCH2), 4-methylcatechol (4-MC)) and phenolic (phenol) substrates is lower compared to that of free copper(II). In particular, the rates (kcat) of DTBCH2 catalytic oxidation are 0.030 s(-1) and 0.009 s(-1) for the reaction promoted by free copper(II) and [Cu(2+)-αSyn15], respectively. On the other hand, HPLC/ESI-MS analysis of solutions of αSyn15 incubated with copper(II) and 4-MC showed that αSyn is competitively oxidized with remarkable formation of sulfoxide at Met1 and Met5 residues. Moreover, the sulfoxidation of methionine residues, which is related to the aggregation of αSyn, also occurs on peptides not directly bound to copper, indicating that external αSyn can also be oxidized by copper. Therefore, this study strengthens the hypothesis that copper plays an important role in oxidative damage of αSyn which is proposed to be strongly related to the etiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dell'Acqua
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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133
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134
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Bao X, Cao Q, Wu X, Shu H, Zhou B, Geng Y, Zhu J. Design and synthesis of a new selective fluorescent chemical sensor for Cu 2+ based on a Pyrrole moiety and a Fluorescein conjugate. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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135
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Xu L, Tu S, Chen C, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Zhou P. Effect of EGCG On Fe(III)-induced conformational transition of silk fibroin, a model of protein related to neurodegenerative diseases. Biopolymers 2015; 105:100-107. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Xu
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Sidong Tu
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Congheng Chen
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medicine; St Vincent's Hospital, the University of Melbourne; Fitzroy Victoria 3065 Australia
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
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136
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Pushie MJ, Shaw K, Franz KJ, Shearer J, Haas KL. Model Peptide Studies Reveal a Mixed Histidine-Methionine Cu(I) Binding Site at the N-Terminus of Human Copper Transporter 1. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:8544-51. [PMID: 26258435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Copper is a vital metal cofactor in enzymes that are essential to myriad biological processes. Cellular acquisition of copper is primarily accomplished through the Ctr family of plasma membrane copper transport proteins. Model peptide studies indicate that the human Ctr1 N-terminus binds to Cu(II) with high affinity through an amino terminal Cu(II), Ni(II) (ATCUN) binding site. Unlike typical ATCUN-type peptides, the Ctr1 peptide facilitates the ascorbate-dependent reduction of Cu(II) bound in its ATCUN site by virtue of an adjacent HH (bis-His) sequence in the peptide. It is likely that the Cu(I) coordination environment influences the redox behavior of Cu bound to this peptide; however, the identity and coordination geometry of the Cu(I) site has not been elucidated from previous work. Here, we show data from NMR, XAS, and structural modeling that sheds light on the identity of the Cu(I) binding site of a Ctr1 model peptide. The Cu(I) site includes the same bis-His site identified in previous work to facilitate ascorbate-dependent Cu(II) reduction. The data presented here are consistent with a rational mechanism by which Ctr1 provides coordination environments that facilitate Cu(II) reduction prior to Cu(I) transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jake Pushie
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Canadian Light Source Incorporated, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Katharine Shaw
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Saint Mary's College , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Katherine J Franz
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jason Shearer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada , Reno, Nevada 895030, United States
| | - Kathryn L Haas
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Saint Mary's College , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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137
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Abdullah R, Basak I, Patil KS, Alves G, Larsen JP, Møller SG. Parkinson's disease and age: The obvious but largely unexplored link. Exp Gerontol 2015; 68:33-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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138
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Liddell JR. Targeting mitochondrial metal dyshomeostasis for the treatment of neurodegeneration. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2015; 5:345-64. [DOI: 10.2217/nmt.15.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial impairment and metal dyshomeostasis are suggested to be associated with many neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Friedreich's ataxia. Treatments aimed at restoring metal homeostasis are highly effective in models of these diseases, and clinical trials hold promise. However, in general, the effect of these treatments on mitochondrial metal homeostasis is unclear, and the contribution of mitochondrial metal dyshomeostasis to disease pathogenesis requires further investigation. This review describes the role of metals in mitochondria in health, how mitochondrial metals are disrupted in neurodegenerative diseases, and potential therapeutics aimed at restoring mitochondrial metal homeostasis and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Liddell
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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139
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D'Ambrosi N, Rossi L. Copper at synapse: Release, binding and modulation of neurotransmission. Neurochem Int 2015; 90:36-45. [PMID: 26187063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, a piece of the research studying copper role in biological systems was devoted to unravelling a still elusive, but extremely intriguing, aspect that is the involvement of copper in synaptic function. These studies were prompted to provide a rationale to the finding that copper is released in the synaptic cleft upon depolarization. The copper pump ATP7A, which mutations are responsible for diseases with a prominent neurodegenerative component, seems to play a pivotal role in the release of copper at synapses. Furthermore, it was found that, when in the synaptic cleft, copper can control, directly or indirectly, the activity of the neurotransmitter receptors (NMDA, AMPA, GABA, P2X receptors), thus affecting excitability. In turn, neurotransmission can affect copper trafficking and delivery in neuronal cells. Furthermore, it was reported that copper can also modulate synaptic vesicles trafficking and the interaction between proteins of the secretory pathways. Interestingly, proteins with a still unclear role in neuronal system though associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (the amyloid precursor protein, APP, the prion protein, PrP, α-synuclein, α-syn) show copper-binding domains. They may act as copper buffer at synapses and participate in the interplay between copper and the neurotransmitters receptors. Given that copper dysmetabolism occurs in several diseases affecting central and peripheral nervous system, the findings on the contribution of copper in synaptic transmission, beside its more consolidate role as a neuronal enzymes cofactor, may open new insights for therapy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia D'Ambrosi
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Rossi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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140
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Sánchez Campos S, Rodríguez Diez G, Oresti GM, Salvador GA. Dopaminergic Neurons Respond to Iron-Induced Oxidative Stress by Modulating Lipid Acylation and Deacylation Cycles. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130726. [PMID: 26076361 PMCID: PMC4468124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-imbalance has been reported as a contributor factor for the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson Disease (PD). Specifically, iron (Fe)-overload and copper (Cu) mis-compartmentalization have been reported to be involved in the injury of dopaminergic neurons in this pathology. The aim of this work was to characterize the mechanisms of membrane repair by studying lipid acylation and deacylation reactions and their role in oxidative injury in N27 dopaminergic neurons exposed to Fe-overload and Cu-supplementation. N27 dopaminergic neurons incubated with Fe (1mM) for 24 hs displayed increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and elevated plasma membrane permeability. Cu-supplemented neurons (10, 50 μM) showed no evidence of oxidative stress markers. A different lipid acylation profile was observed in N27 neurons pre-labeled with [3H] arachidonic acid (AA) or [3H] oleic acid (OA). In Fe-exposed neurons, AA uptake was increased in triacylglycerols (TAG) whereas its incorporation into the phospholipid (PL) fraction was diminished. TAG content was 40% higher in Fe-exposed neurons than in controls. This increase was accompanied by the appearance of Nile red positive lipid bodies. Contrariwise, OA incorporation increased in the PL fractions and showed no changes in TAG. Lipid acylation profile in Cu-supplemented neurons showed AA accumulation into phosphatidylserine and no changes in TAG. The inhibition of deacylation/acylation reactions prompted an increase in oxidative stress markers and mitochondrial dysfunction in Fe-overloaded neurons. These findings provide evidence about the participation of lipid acylation mechanisms against Fe-induced oxidative injury and postulate that dopaminergic neurons cleverly preserve AA in TAG in response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Sánchez Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Guadalupe Rodríguez Diez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Martín Oresti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Alejandra Salvador
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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141
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Davies KM, Hare DJ, Bohic S, James SA, Billings JL, Finkelstein DI, Doble PA, Double KL. Comparative Study of Metal Quantification in Neurological Tissue Using Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry Imaging and X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy. Anal Chem 2015; 87:6639-45. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Davies
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- School
of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dominic J. Hare
- Elemental
Bio-imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Senator
Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department
of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- Inserm,
U836,
Team 6, Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche Médicales, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP220, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier 1, Grenoble Institut des
Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Simon A. James
- Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica L. Billings
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David I. Finkelstein
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip A. Doble
- Elemental
Bio-imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kay L. Double
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Brain
and Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney, 94-100 Mallett
Street,Camperdown, New South
Wales, Australia
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142
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Fu S, Jiang W, Zheng W. Age-dependent increase of brain copper levels and expressions of copper regulatory proteins in the subventricular zone and choroid plexus. Front Mol Neurosci 2015; 8:22. [PMID: 26106293 PMCID: PMC4458609 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2015.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our recent data suggest a high accumulation of copper (Cu) in the subventricular zone (SVZ) along the wall of brain ventricles. Anatomically, SVZ is in direct contact with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is secreted by a neighboring tissue choroid plexus (CP). Changes in Cu regulatory gene expressions in the SVZ and CP as the function of aging may determine Cu levels in the CSF and SVZ. This study was designed to investigate the associations between age, Cu levels, and Cu regulatory genes in SVZ and plexus. The SVZ and CP were dissected from brains of 3-week, 10-week, or 9-month old male rats. Analyses by atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed that the SVZ of adult and old animals contained the highest Cu level compared with other tested brain regions. Significantly positive correlations between age and Cu levels in SVZ and plexus were observed; the SVZ Cu level of old animals was 7.5- and 5.8-fold higher than those of young and adult rats (p < 0.01), respectively. Quantitation by qPCR of the transcriptional expressions of Cu regulatory proteins showed that the SVZ expressed the highest level of Cu storage protein metallothioneins (MTs), while the CP expressed the high level of Cu transporter protein Ctr1. Noticeably, Cu levels in the SVZ were positively associated with type B slow proliferating cell marker Gfap (p < 0.05), but inversely associated with type A proliferating neuroblast marker Dcx (p < 0.05) and type C transit amplifying progenitor marker Nestin (p < 0.01). Dmt1 had significant positive correlations with age and Cu levels in the plexus (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that Cu levels in all tested brain regions are increased as the function of age. The SVZ shows a different expression pattern of Cu-regulatory genes from the CP. The age-related increase of MTs and decrease of Ctr1 may contribute to the high Cu level in this neurogenesis active brain region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherleen Fu
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Wendy Jiang
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN, USA
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143
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Zhang Y, Wang W, Li Q, Yang Q, Li Y, Du J. Colorimetric magnetic microspheres as chemosensor for Cu(2+) prepared from adamantane-modified rhodamine and β-cyclodextrin-modified Fe3O4@SiO2 via host-guest interaction. Talanta 2015; 141:33-40. [PMID: 25966377 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Adamantane-modified salicylrhodamine B and β-cyclodextrin-modified Fe3O4@SiO2 were assemblied by host-guest interactions which induced novel inclusion complex magnetic nanoparticles (SFIC MNPs) colorimetric sensitive for Cu(2+) being prepared. The MNPs exhibit a clear color change from colorless to pink selectively and sensitively with the addition of Cu(2+) in the experiments of UV-visible spectra, and the detection limit measures up to 5.99×10(-6)M in solutions of CH3CN-H2O =1:10. The SFIC magnetic nanoparticles are superparamagnetic according to magnetic measurements and can be separated and collected easily with a commercial magnet in nine seconds. In addition, the microspheres have also showed good ability of separating for other ions from aqueous solutions due to a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Qingbiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Yaoxian Li
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Jianshi Du
- China Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130031, PR China.
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144
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Carboni E, Lingor P. Insights on the interaction of alpha-synuclein and metals in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Metallomics 2015; 7:395-404. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00339j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of different metals with the Parkinson's disease-associated protein alpha-synuclein results in oxidative stress, protein aggregation and pathology progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Carboni
- Department of Neurology
- University Medicine Göttingen
- D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence and DFG-Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain
- Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paul Lingor
- Department of Neurology
- University Medicine Göttingen
- D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence and DFG-Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain
- Göttingen, Germany
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145
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Verwilst P, Sunwoo K, Kim JS. The role of copper ions in pathophysiology and fluorescent sensors for the detection thereof. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:5556-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10366a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Copper ions are crucial to life, and some fundamental roles of copper in pathophysiology have been elucidated using fluorescent sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Verwilst
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Univesity
- Seoul 136-701
- Korea
| | - Kyoung Sunwoo
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Univesity
- Seoul 136-701
- Korea
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Univesity
- Seoul 136-701
- Korea
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146
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Dusek P, Roos PM, Litwin T, Schneider SA, Flaten TP, Aaseth J. The neurotoxicity of iron, copper and manganese in Parkinson's and Wilson's diseases. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 31:193-203. [PMID: 24954801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Impaired cellular homeostasis of metals, particularly of Cu, Fe and Mn may trigger neurodegeneration through various mechanisms, notably induction of oxidative stress, promotion of α-synuclein aggregation and fibril formation, activation of microglial cells leading to inflammation and impaired production of metalloproteins. In this article we review available studies concerning Fe, Cu and Mn in Parkinson's disease and Wilson's disease. In Parkinson's disease local dysregulation of iron metabolism in the substantia nigra (SN) seems to be related to neurodegeneration with an increase in SN iron concentration, accompanied by decreased SN Cu and ceruloplasmin concentrations and increased free Cu concentrations and decreased ferroxidase activity in the cerebrospinal fluid. Available data in Wilson's disease suggest that substantial increases in CNS Cu concentrations persist for a long time during chelating treatment and that local accumulation of Fe in certain brain nuclei may occur during the course of the disease. Consequences for chelating treatment strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Dusek
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Neuroradiology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Per M Roos
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neurophysiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomasz Litwin
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Trond Peder Flaten
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Department of Medicine, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Kongsvinger Hospital Division, Kongsvinger, Norway
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147
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Cardoso BR, Roberts BR, Bush AI, Hare DJ. Selenium, selenoproteins and neurodegenerative diseases. Metallomics 2015; 7:1213-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00075k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A review of selenium's essential role in normal brain function and its potential involvement in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Rita Cardoso
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition
| | - Blaine R. Roberts
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
| | - Ashley I. Bush
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
| | - Dominic J. Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility
- University of Technology Sydney
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148
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Abstract
In recent years, the contribution of exposure to environmental toxicants has been recognized as a significant contributor to the etiopathogenesis of parkinsonism. Of these toxicants, exposure to pesticides, metals, solvents used in manufacturing processes, as well as flame-retardant chemicals used in consumer and commercial products, has received the greatest attention as possible risk factors. Related to this, individuals who are exposed to these compounds at high concentrations or for prolonged periods of time in an occupational setting appear to be one of the more vulnerable populations to these effects. Our understanding of which compounds are involved and the potential molecular pathways that are susceptible to these chemicals and may underlie the pathogenesis has greatly improved. However, there are still hundreds of chemicals that we are exposed to in the environment for which we do not have any information on their potential neurotoxicity on the nigrostriatal dopamine system. Thus, using our past accomplishments as a blueprint, future endeavors should focus on elaborating upon these initial findings in order to identify specific and relevant chemical toxicants in our environment that can impact the risk of parkinsonism and work towards a means to attenuate or abolish their effects on the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Michael Caudle
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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149
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Caruso F, Rossi M, Caruso A. Correlation between DFT calculated and X-ray structures from CSD, for Cu(II) and Cu(I) coordination spheres when coordinated to four acyclic amine ligands. A reconsideration of copper(II) planarity. J COORD CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2014.964222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA
| | - Alessio Caruso
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA
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150
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Anandhan A, Rodriguez-Rocha H, Bohovych I, Griggs AM, Zavala-Flores L, Reyes-Reyes EM, Seravalli J, Stanciu LA, Lee J, Rochet JC, Khalimonchuk O, Franco R. Overexpression of alpha-synuclein at non-toxic levels increases dopaminergic cell death induced by copper exposure via modulation of protein degradation pathways. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 81:76-92. [PMID: 25497688 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene multiplications or point mutations in alpha (α)-synuclein are associated with familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). An increase in copper (Cu) levels has been reported in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood of PD patients, while occupational exposure to Cu has been suggested to augment the risk to develop PD. We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which α-synuclein and Cu regulate dopaminergic cell death. Short-term overexpression of wild type (WT) or mutant A53T α-synuclein had no toxic effect in human dopaminergic cells and primary midbrain cultures, but it exerted a synergistic effect on Cu-induced cell death. Cell death induced by Cu was potentiated by overexpression of the Cu transporter protein 1 (Ctr1) and depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) indicating that the toxic effects of Cu are linked to alterations in its intracellular homeostasis. Using the redox sensor roGFP, we demonstrated that Cu-induced oxidative stress was primarily localized in the cytosol and not in the mitochondria. However, α-synuclein overexpression had no effect on Cu-induced oxidative stress. WT or A53T α-synuclein overexpression exacerbated Cu toxicity in dopaminergic and yeast cells in the absence of α-synuclein aggregation. Cu increased autophagic flux and protein ubiquitination. Impairment of autophagy by overexpression of a dominant negative Atg5 form or inhibition of the ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS) with MG132 enhanced Cu-induced cell death. However, only inhibition of the UPS stimulated the synergistic toxic effects of Cu and α-synuclein overexpression. Our results demonstrate that α-synuclein stimulates Cu toxicity in dopaminergic cells independent from its aggregation via modulation of protein degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annadurai Anandhan
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Humberto Rodriguez-Rocha
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Iryna Bohovych
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Amy M Griggs
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Laura Zavala-Flores
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | - Javier Seravalli
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Lia A Stanciu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering and School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jaekwon Lee
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jean-Christophe Rochet
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Oleh Khalimonchuk
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
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