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Tan LTH, Chan KG, Pusparajah P, Yin WF, Khan TM, Lee LH, Goh BH. Mangrove derived Streptomyces sp. MUM265 as a potential source of antioxidant and anticolon-cancer agents. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:38. [PMID: 30760201 PMCID: PMC6375222 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with a commensurately high mortality rate. The search for novel antioxidants and specific anticancer agents which may inhibit, delay or reverse the development of colon cancer is thus an area of great interest; Streptomyces bacteria have been demonstrated to be a source of such agents. Results The extract from Streptomyces sp. MUM265— a strain which was isolated and identified from Kuala Selangor mangrove forest, Selangor, Malaysia— was analyzed and found to exhibit antioxidant properties as demonstrated via metal-chelating ability as well as superoxide anion, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. This study also showed that MUM265 extract demonstrated cytotoxicity against colon cancer cells as evidenced by the reduced cell viability of Caco-2 cell line. Treatment with MUM265 extract induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and accumulation of subG1 cells in cell cycle analysis, suggesting that MUM265 exerted apoptosis-inducing effects on Caco-2 cells. Conclusion These findings indicate that mangrove derived Streptomyces sp. MUM265 represents a valuable bioresource of bioactive compounds for the future development of chemopreventive agents, with particular promise suggested for treatment of colon cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-019-1409-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China. .,Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Priyia Pusparajah
- Medical Health and Translational Research Group, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Fong Yin
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tahir Mehmood Khan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Medical Health and Translational Research Group, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lahore, Pakistan. .,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lahore, Pakistan. .,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.
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102
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Arabi-Derkawi R, O'Dowd Y, Cheng N, Rolas L, Boussetta T, Raad H, Marzaioli V, Pintard C, Fasseu M, Kroviarski Y, Belambri SA, Dang PMC, Ye RD, Gougerot-Pocidalo MA, El-Benna J. The Kinesin Light Chain-Related Protein PAT1 Promotes Superoxide Anion Production in Human Phagocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:1549-1558. [PMID: 30665935 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide anion production by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase plays a crucial role in host defenses and inflammatory reaction. The phagocyte NADPH oxidase is composed of cytosolic components (p40phox, p47phox, p67phox, and Rac1/2) and the membrane flavocytochrome b558, which is composed of two proteins: p22phox and gp91phox/NOX2. p22phox plays a crucial role in the stabilization of gp91phox in phagocytes and is also a docking site for p47phox during activation. In the current study, we have used a yeast two-hybrid approach to identify unknown partners of p22phox. Using the cytosolic C-terminal region of p22phox as bait to screen a human spleen cDNA library, we identified the protein interacting with amyloid precursor protein tail 1 (PAT1) as a potential partner of p22phox. The interaction between p22phox and PAT1 was further confirmed by in vitro GST pulldown and overlay assays and in intact neutrophils and COSphox cells by coimmunoprecipitation. We demonstrated that PAT1 is expressed in human neutrophils and monocytes and colocalizes with p22phox, as shown by confocal microscopy. Overexpression of PAT1 in human monocytes and in COSphox cells increased superoxide anion production and depletion of PAT1 by specific small interfering RNA inhibited this process. These data clearly identify PAT1 as a novel regulator of NADPH oxidase activation and superoxide anion production, a key phagocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riad Arabi-Derkawi
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle Dysfonctionnements Immunitaires, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Xavier Bichat, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Yvonne O'Dowd
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France.,Garda Headquarters, Forensic Science Ireland, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Ni Cheng
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612; and
| | - Loïc Rolas
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Tarek Boussetta
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Houssam Raad
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Viviana Marzaioli
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Coralie Pintard
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Magali Fasseu
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Yolande Kroviarski
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Sahra A Belambri
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Ferhat Abbas, 19000 Sétif, Algeria
| | - Pham My-Chan Dang
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Richard D Ye
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612; and
| | - Marie-Anne Gougerot-Pocidalo
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle Dysfonctionnements Immunitaires, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Xavier Bichat, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Jamel El-Benna
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, 75018 Paris, France; .,Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
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103
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Pointer CB, Wenzel TJ, Klegeris A. Extracellular cardiolipin regulates select immune functions of microglia and microglia-like cells. Brain Res Bull 2019; 146:153-163. [PMID: 30625370 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolipin is a mitochondrial membrane phospholipid with several well-defined metabolic roles. Cardiolipin can be released extracellularly by damaged cells and has been shown to affect peripheral immune functions. We hypothesized that extracellular cardiolipin can also regulate functions of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). We demonstrate that extracellular cardiolipin increases microglial phagocytosis and neurotrophic factor expression, as well as decreases the release of inflammatory mediators and cytotoxins by activated microglia-like cells. These results identify extracellular cardiolipin as a potential CNS intercellular signaling molecule that can regulate key microglial immune functions associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin B Pointer
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Tyler J Wenzel
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Andis Klegeris
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, V1V 1V7, Canada.
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104
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are potent signaling molecules with critical roles in cellular pathology and homeostasis. They are produced in all cell types via a diverse array of cellular machinery, giving rise to an equally diverse repertoire of molecular effects. These range from cytotoxic killing of microbes to alteration of the cellular transcriptional response to stress. Despite their importance, research into ROS has been difficult given their inherent instability and transient signaling properties. Herein we describe methods for the use of the redox-sensitive probe hydro-Cy3 for the detection and quantification of ROS both in vitro and in vivo.
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105
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A standardized microdilution susceptibility test to determine the resistance capacity of human pathogenic bacteria towards hydrogen peroxide. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 155:24-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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106
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Bardaweel SK, Gul M, Alzweiri M, Ishaqat A, ALSalamat HA, Bashatwah RM. Reactive Oxygen Species: the Dual Role in Physiological and Pathological Conditions of the Human Body. Eurasian J Med 2018; 50:193-201. [PMID: 30515042 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.17397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well-known for playing a dual role as destructive and constructive species. Indeed, ROS are engaged in many redox-governing activities of the cells for the preservation of cellular homeostasis. However, its overproduction has been reported to result in oxidative stress, which is considered as a deleterious process, and is involved in the damage of cell structures that causes various diseased states. This review provides a concise view on some of the current research published in this topic for an improved understanding of the key roles of ROS in diverse conditions of health and disease. Previous research demonstrated that ROS perform as potential signaling molecules to control several normal physiological functions at the cellular level. Additionally, there is a growing body of evidence supporting the role of ROS in various pathological states. The binary nature of ROS with their profitable and injurious characteristics indicates the complexities of their specific roles at a biological compartment and the difficulties in establishing convenient intervention procedures to treat ROS-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa K Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jordan School of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mustafa Gul
- Department of Physiology, Atatürk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Alzweiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jordan School of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
| | - Aman Ishaqat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jordan School of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
| | - Husam A ALSalamat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jordan School of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rasha M Bashatwah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jordan School of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
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107
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Artner B, Reck A, Coelho AM, Prediger JJ, Pontarolo DV, Bertagnon HG. Assessment of the oxidative metabolism of calves’ bronchoalveolar cells: comparison between NBT and fluorimetric techniques. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000972018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Evaluation of alveolar macrophage functions of cattle is an important tool in order to assess whether measures taken during the cattle husbandry can decrease the respiratory tract defense. The aim of this study was to determine whether dexamethasone used at therapeutic dose can affect the oxidative metabolism of alveolar macrophages of cattle. This was evaluated by two tests, the fluorometric and colorimetric. The similarity of the results was studied, using alveolar macrophages of six healthy cattle, obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage on a basal and an immunosuppressant moment after the application of dexamethasone. For the fluorometric test, alveolar macrophages were incubated with Staphylococcus aureus and 2’-7’dichlorohidroflurescein, and analyzed by flow cytometer. For the colorimetric test, alveolar macrophages were incubated with Phorbol 12- miristate-13 acetate and nitroblue tetrazolium, dissolved and analyzed in a spectrophotometer. It was noted that dexamethasone therapeutic dose (0.05 mg/kg) reduced the functions of alveolar macrophages from healthy bovine. This result was observed by both tests with the difference that the flow cytometry assay was more informative for identifying which specific cellular function has been compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Artner
- State University of the Central-West, United States
| | - Angela Reck
- State University of the Central-West, United States
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108
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Gardner S, Assis VR, Zhao H, Gomes FR, Peatman E, Mendonça MT. Differential gene expression to an LPS challenge in relation to exogenous corticosterone in the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 88:114-123. [PMID: 30030104 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The cane toad (Rhinella marina) is an invasive amphibian in several parts of the world. Much of the research performed on assessing the dispersal potential of invasive species has focused immunity. Invaders are predicted to rely less on pro-inflammatory immunity, allowing them to allocate energy to dispersal. Elevated stress may play a role in regulation of immune responses used by invasive species. RNA sequencing of spleen tissue from cane toads subjected to an acute LPS challenge revealed genes coding for cytokines involved in typical innate responses such as phagocytic cell recruitment, extravasation, inflammation, and lymphocyte differentiation were significantly upregulated, while toads receiving transdermal application of corticosterone in addition to an LPS injection showed downregulation of genes involved with cell mediated immunity. These results indicate hormonal changes associated with acute stress may alter investment into mounting cell-mediated or humoral responses while allowing for prolonged phagocytic innate responses in this invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Gardner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 331 Funchess Hall, 350 South College St, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Vania Regina Assis
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 101, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Honggang Zhao
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, 377 CASIC Bldg, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Fernando Ribeiro Gomes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 101, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Eric Peatman
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, 377 CASIC Bldg, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Mary T Mendonça
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 331 Funchess Hall, 350 South College St, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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109
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NOX2 inhibition reduces oxidative stress and prolongs survival in murine KRAS-induced myeloproliferative disease. Oncogene 2018; 38:1534-1543. [PMID: 30323311 PMCID: PMC6372471 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0528-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mutations leading to constitutive RAS activation contribute in myeloid leukemogenesis. RAS mutations in myeloid cells are accompanied by excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the source of ROS and their role for the initiation and progression of leukemia have not been clearly defined. To determine the role of NOX2-derived ROS in RAS-driven leukemia, double transgenic LSL-KrasG12D × Mx1-Cre mice expressing oncogenic KRAS in hematopoietic cells (M-KrasG12D) were treated with Nα-methyl-histamine (NMH) that targeted the production of NOX2-derived ROS in leukemic cells by agonist activity at histamine H2 receptors. M-KrasG12D mice developed myeloid leukemia comprising mature CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid cells that produced NOX2-derived ROS. Treatment of M-KrasG12D mice with NMH delayed the development of myeloproliferative disease and prolonged survival. In addition, NMH-treated M-KrasG12D mice showed reduction of intracellular ROS along with reduced DNA oxidation and reduced occurence of double-stranded DNA breaks in myeloid cells. The in vivo expansion of leukemia was markedly reduced in triple transgenic mice where KRAS was expressed in hematopoietic cells of animals with genetic NOX2 deficiency (Nox2−/− × LSL-KrasG12D × Mx1-Cre). Treatment with NMH did not alter in vivo expansion of leukemia in these NOX2-deficient transgenic mice. We propose that NOX2-derived ROS may contribute to the progression of KRAS-induced leukemia and that strategies to target NOX2 merit further evaluation in RAS-mutated hematopoietic cancer.
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110
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Grauers Wiktorin H, Nilsson MS, Kiffin R, Sander FE, Lenox B, Rydström A, Hellstrand K, Martner A. Histamine targets myeloid-derived suppressor cells and improves the anti-tumor efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2018; 68:163-174. [PMID: 30315349 PMCID: PMC6394491 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature monocytes and granulocytes that impede immune-mediated clearance of malignant cells by multiple mechanisms, including the formation of immunosuppressive reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the myeloid cell NADPH oxidase (NOX2). Histamine dihydrochloride (HDC), a NOX2 inhibitor, exerts anti-cancer efficacy in experimental tumor models but the detailed mechanisms are insufficiently understood. To determine effects of HDC on the MDSC compartment we utilized three murine cancer models known to entail accumulation of MDSC, i.e. EL-4 lymphoma, MC-38 colorectal carcinoma, and 4T1 mammary carcinoma. In vivo treatment with HDC delayed EL-4 and 4T1 tumor growth and reduced the ROS formation by intratumoral MDSCs. HDC treatment of EL-4 bearing mice also reduced the accumulation of intratumoral MDSCs and reduced MDSC-induced suppression of T cells ex vivo. Experiments using GR1-depleted and Nox2 knock out mice supported that the anti-tumor efficacy of HDC required presence of NOX2+ GR1+ cells in vivo. In addition, treatment with HDC enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand checkpoint blockade in EL-4- and MC-38-bearing mice. Immunomodulatory effects of a HDC-containing regimen on MDSCs were further analyzed in a phase IV trial (Re:Mission Trial, ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01347996) where patients with acute myeloid leukemia received HDC in conjunction with low-dose IL-2 (HDC/IL-2) for relapse prevention. Peripheral CD14+HLA-DR−/low MDSCs (M-MDSCs) were reduced during cycles of HDC/IL-2 therapy and a pronounced reduction of M-MDSCs during HDC/IL-2 treatment heralded favorable clinical outcome. We propose that anti-tumor properties of HDC may comprise the targeting of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Grauers Wiktorin
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 1F, Box 425, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Malin S Nilsson
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 1F, Box 425, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Roberta Kiffin
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 1F, Box 425, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Frida Ewald Sander
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 1F, Box 425, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Brianna Lenox
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 1F, Box 425, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Anna Rydström
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 1F, Box 425, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Hellstrand
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 1F, Box 425, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Anna Martner
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 1F, Box 425, 413 90, Göteborg, Sweden.
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111
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Lakes AL, Puleo DA, Hilt JZ, Dziubla TD. Highly Thiolated Poly (Beta-Amino Ester) Nanoparticles for Acute Redox Applications. Gels 2018; 4:gels4040080. [PMID: 30674856 PMCID: PMC6318580 DOI: 10.3390/gels4040080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Disulfides are used extensively in reversible cross-linking because of the ease of reduction into click-reactive thiols. However, the free-radical scavenging properties upon reduction are often under-considered. The free thiols produced upon reduction of this disulfide material mimic the cellular reducing chemistry (glutathione) that serves as a buffer against acute oxidative stress. A nanoparticle formulation producing biologically relevant concentrations of thiols may not only provide ample chemical conjugation sites, but potentially be useful against severe acute oxidative stress exposure, such as in targeted radioprotection. In this work, we describe the synthesis and characterization of highly thiolated poly (β-amino ester) (PBAE) nanoparticles formed from the reduction of bulk disulfide cross-linked PBAE hydrogels. Degradation-tunable PBAE hydrogels were initially synthesized containing up to 26 wt % cystamine, which were reduced into soluble thiolated oligomers and formulated into nanoparticles upon single emulsion. These thiolated nanoparticles were size-stable in phosphate buffered saline consisting of up to 11.0 ± 1.1 mM (3.7 ± 0.3 mmol thiol/g, n = 3 M ± SD), which is an antioxidant concentration within the order of magnitude of cellular glutathione (1–10 mM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Lakes
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - David A Puleo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - J Zach Hilt
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Thomas D Dziubla
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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112
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Sahan-Firat S, Temiz-Resitoglu M, Guden DS, Kucukkavruk SP, Tunctan B, Sari AN, Kocak Z, Malik KU. Protection by mTOR Inhibition on Zymosan-Induced Systemic Inflammatory Response and Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress: Contribution of mTOR/MEK1/ERK1/2/IKKβ/IκB-α/NF-κB Signalling Pathway. Inflammation 2018; 41:276-298. [PMID: 29110153 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine kinase regulate variety of cellular functions including cell growth, differentiation, cell survival, metabolism, and stress response, is now appreciated to be a central regulator of immune responses. Because mTOR inhibitors enhanced the anti-inflammatory activities of regulatory T cells and decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages, mTOR has been a pharmacological target for inflammatory diseases. In this study, we examined the role of mTOR in the production of proinflammatory and vasodilator mediators in zymosan-induced non-septic shock model in rats. To elucidate the mechanism by which mTOR contributes to non-septic shock, we have examined the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase system caused by mTOR/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK1)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2)/inhibitor κB kinase (IKKβ)/inhibitor of κB (IκB-α)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signalling pathway activation. After 1 h of zymosan (500 mg/kg, i.p.) administration to rats, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was decreased and heart rate (HR) was increased. These changes were associated with increased expression and/or activities of ribosomal protein S6, MEK1, ERK1/2, IKKβ, IκB-α and NF-κB p65, and NADPH oxidase system activity in cardiovascular and renal tissues. Rapamycin (1 mg/kg, i.p.), a selective mTOR inhibitor, reversed these zymosan-induced changes in these tissues. These observations suggest that activation of mTOR/MEK1/ERK1/2/IKKβ/IκB-α/NF-κB signalling pathway with proinflammatory and vasodilator mediator formation and NADPH oxidase system activity contributes to systemic inflammation in zymosan-induced non-septic shock. Thus, mTOR may be an optimal target for the treatment of the diseases characterized by the severe systemic inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyhan Sahan-Firat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Yenisehir Campus, 33169, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Meryem Temiz-Resitoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Yenisehir Campus, 33169, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Demet Sinem Guden
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Yenisehir Campus, 33169, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Sefika Pinar Kucukkavruk
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Yenisehir Campus, 33169, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Bahar Tunctan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Yenisehir Campus, 33169, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ayse Nihal Sari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Yenisehir Campus, 33169, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Zumrut Kocak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Yenisehir Campus, 33169, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Kafait U Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Center for Health Sciences, Memphis, TN, USA
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113
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Westerman TL, Bogomolnaya L, Andrews-Polymenis HL, Sheats MK, Elfenbein JR. The Salmonella type-3 secretion system-1 and flagellar motility influence the neutrophil respiratory burst. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203698. [PMID: 30204776 PMCID: PMC6133356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are innate immune response cells designed to kill invading microorganisms. One of the mechanisms neutrophils use to kill bacteria is generation of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the respiratory burst. However, during enteric salmonellosis, neutrophil-derived ROS actually facilitates Salmonella expansion and survival in the gut. This seeming paradox led us to hypothesize that Salmonella may possess mechanisms to influence the neutrophil respiratory burst. In this work, we used an in vitro Salmonella-neutrophil co-culture model to examine the impact of enteric infection relevant virulence factors on the respiratory burst of human neutrophils. We report that neutrophils primed with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and suspended in serum containing complement produce a robust respiratory burst when stimulated with viable STm. The magnitude of the respiratory burst increases when STm are grown under conditions to induce the expression of the type-3 secretion system-1. STm mutants lacking the type-3 secretion system-1 induce less neutrophil ROS than the virulent WT. In addition, we demonstrate that flagellar motility is a significant agonist of the neutrophil respiratory burst. Together our data demonstrate that both the type-3 secretion system-1 and flagellar motility, which are established virulence factors in enteric salmonellosis, also appear to directly influence the magnitude of the neutrophil respiratory burst in response to STm in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina L. Westerman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Lydia Bogomolnaya
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, United States of America
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Helene L. Andrews-Polymenis
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, United States of America
| | - M. Katherine Sheats
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Johanna R. Elfenbein
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
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114
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Herron CL, Cogliati KM, Dolan BP, Munakata A, Schreck CB. Stress up-regulates oxidative burst in juvenile Chinook salmon leukocytes. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:655-659. [PMID: 29935340 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
When fish perceive stressful scenarios, their hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal axis is activated resulting in the release of corticotropin releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and finally cortisol. The physiologic stress response of fish has most often been linked to the reduced performance of the immune system, with a few exceptions where the immune system is activated. In this report, we tested the hypothesis that oxidative burst activity levels in juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are altered when the fish is presented with a stressor. Fish were subjected to a stressor for 3 h and then allowed to recover for 20 h following the stressor. Plasma and spleens were collected from euthanized fish before the stressor, at the end of a 3 h stressor, and 23 h after the start of the experiment. Plasma was held at -80 °C until cortisol radioimmunoassay analysis was performed to confirm stress. Spleens were held in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium overnight and analyzed the day following collection. Oxidative burst activity was measured in splenic leukocytes after being stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. We found a significant increase in activated oxidative burst from fish subjected to the stressor as compared to unstressed fish. Speculation is given to ACTH being the leukocyte priming agent in this experiment rather than the cortisol itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal L Herron
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - K M Cogliati
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - B P Dolan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - A Munakata
- Department of Biology, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-0845, Japan
| | - C B Schreck
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR, USA
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115
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Mårtensson J, Holdfeldt A, Sundqvist M, Gabl M, Kenakin TP, Björkman L, Forsman H, Dahlgren C. Neutrophil priming that turns natural FFA2R agonists into potent activators of the superoxide generating NADPH‐oxidase. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:1117-1132. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2a0318-130rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Mårtensson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
- Unit of RheumatologySahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - André Holdfeldt
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
| | - Martina Sundqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
| | - Michael Gabl
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
| | - Terry P. Kenakin
- Department of PharmacologyUNC‐Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Lena Björkman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
- Unit of RheumatologySahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Huamei Forsman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
| | - Claes Dahlgren
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
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116
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JančInová V, Nosáľ R, Payer J, Killinger Z. Increased intracellular and extracellular oxidant production in phagocytes of rheumatic patients treated with biological therapy - whole blood quantification. Interdiscip Toxicol 2018; 10:52-55. [PMID: 30123037 PMCID: PMC6096858 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious complications, resulting from reduced activity of immune cells, are the most severe and common adverse effects of biological therapy. This study analyzed the effect of biological therapy on blood phagocytes, focusing on the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an important factor in the defence against invading pathogens. Intra- and extracellular ROS production were recorded separately, on the basis of luminol and isoluminol chemiluminescence in patients treated with antibodies against tumor necrosis factor-α or against interleukin-6 receptor. In comparison to healthy donors or to rheumatic patients treated with classical immunosuppressive drugs, biological therapy increased ROS formation in both compartments. This indicates that the anti-microbial activity of blood phagocytes was not reduced by TNFα- or IL-6-neutralizing therapy, at least in terms of ROS. The method presented does not require blood fractionation, which could modify activity of phagocytes and cause loss of some subpopulations of these cells. The technique is simple, requires microliter volumes of blood and is thus well applicable to clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viera JančInová
- 1Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Radomír Nosáľ
- 1Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Payer
- 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of Comenius University, University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Zdenko Killinger
- 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of Comenius University, University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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117
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Weber M, Steinle H, Golombek S, Hann L, Schlensak C, Wendel HP, Avci-Adali M. Blood-Contacting Biomaterials: In Vitro Evaluation of the Hemocompatibility. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:99. [PMID: 30062094 PMCID: PMC6054932 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemocompatibility of blood-contacting biomaterials is one of the most important criteria for their successful in vivo applicability. Thus, extensive in vitro analyses according to ISO 10993-4 are required prior to clinical applications. In this review, we summarize essential aspects regarding the evaluation of the hemocompatibility of biomaterials and the required in vitro analyses for determining the blood compatibility. Static, agitated, or shear flow models are used to perform hemocompatibility studies. Before and after the incubation of the test material with fresh human blood, hemolysis, cell counts, and the activation of platelets, leukocytes, coagulation and complement system are analyzed. Furthermore, the surface of biomaterials are evaluated concerning attachment of blood cells, adsorption of proteins, and generation of thrombus and fibrin networks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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118
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Kiffin R, Grauers Wiktorin H, Nilsson MS, Aurelius J, Aydin E, Lenox B, Nilsson JA, Ståhlberg A, Thorén FB, Hellstrand K, Martner A. Anti-Leukemic Properties of Histamine in Monocytic Leukemia: The Role of NOX2. Front Oncol 2018; 8:218. [PMID: 29967760 PMCID: PMC6015904 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), treatment with histamine dihydrochloride (HDC) and low-dose IL-2 (HDC/IL-2) in the post-chemotherapy phase has been shown to reduce the incidence of leukemic relapse. The clinical benefit of HDC/IL-2 is pronounced in monocytic forms of AML, where the leukemic cells express histamine type 2 receptors (H2R) and the NAPDH oxidase-2 (NOX2). HDC ligates to H2Rs to inhibit NOX2-derived formation of reactive oxygen species, but details regarding the anti-leukemic actions of HDC remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that human NOX2+ myelomonocytic/monocytic AML cell lines showed increased expression of maturation markers along with reduced leukemic cell proliferation after exposure to HDC in vitro. These effects of HDC were absent in corresponding leukemic cells genetically depleted of NOX2 (NOX2-/-). We also observed that exposure to HDC altered the expression of genes involved in differentiation and cell cycle progression in AML cells and that these effects required the presence of NOX2. HDC promoted the differentiation also of primary monocytic, but not non-monocytic, AML cells in vitro. In a xenograft model, immunodeficient NOG mice were inoculated with wild-type or NOX2-/- human monocytic AML cells and treated with HDC in vivo. The administration of HDC reduced the in vivo expansion of NOX2+/+, but not of NOX2-/- human monocytic AML cells. We propose that NOX2 may be a conceivable target in the treatment of monocytic AML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Martner
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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119
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Franko J, McCall JL, Barnett JB. Evaluating Macrophages in Immunotoxicity Testing. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1803:255-296. [PMID: 29882145 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8549-4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are a heterogeneous group of cells that have a multitude of functions depending on their differentiation state. While classically known for their phagocytic and antigen presentation abilities, it is now evident that these cells fulfill homeostatic functions beyond the elimination of invading pathogens. In addition, macrophages have also been implicated in the downregulation of inflammatory responses following pathogen removal, tissue remodeling, repair, and angiogenesis. Alterations in macrophage differentiation and/or activity due to xenobiotic exposure can have grave consequences on organismal homeostasis, potentially contributing to disease due to immunosuppression or chronic inflammatory responses, depending upon the pathways affected. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the macrophages subtypes, their origin and a general discussion of several different assays used to assess their functional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Franko
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jamie L McCall
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - John B Barnett
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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120
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Zhang J, Zhang Q, Lou Y, Fu Q, Chen Q, Wei T, Yang J, Tang J, Wang J, Chen Y, Zhang X, Zhang J, Bai X, Liang T. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/interleukin-1β signaling enhances hepatoma epithelial-mesenchymal transition through macrophages in a hypoxic-inflammatory microenvironment. Hepatology 2018; 67:1872-1889. [PMID: 29171040 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are dependent on its local microenvironment. Hypoxia and inflammation are two critical factors that shape the HCC microenvironment; however, the interplay between the two factors and the involvement of cancer cells under such conditions remain poorly understood. We found that tumor-associated macrophages, the primary proinflammatory cells within tumors, secreted more interleukin 1β (IL-1β) under moderate hypoxic conditions due to increased stability of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Under persistent and severe hypoxia, we found that the necrotic debris of HCC cells induced potent IL-1β release by tumor-associated macrophages with an M2 phenotype. We further confirmed that the necrotic debris-induced IL-1β secretion was mediated through Toll-like receptor 4/TIR domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling in a similar, but not identical, fashion to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Using mass spectrometry, we identified a group of proteins with O-linked glycosylation to be responsible for the necrotic debris-induced IL-1β secretion. Following the increase of IL-1β in the local microenvironment, the synthesis of HIF-1α was up-regulated by IL-1β in HCC cells through cyclooxygenase-2. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HCC cells was enhanced by overexpression of HIF-1α. We further showed that IL-1β promoted HCC metastasis in mouse models and was predictive of poor prognosis in HCC patients. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed an HIF-1α/IL-1β signaling loop between cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages in a hypoxic microenvironment, resulting in cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis; more importantly, our results suggest a potential role of an anti-inflammatory strategy in HCC treatment. (Hepatology 2018;67:1872-1889).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Yu Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Qihan Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Jinlong Tang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease.,Zhejiang University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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121
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Diez-Escudero A, Espanol M, Bonany M, Lu X, Persson C, Ginebra MP. Heparinization of Beta Tricalcium Phosphate: Osteo-immunomodulatory Effects. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29266807 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Immune cells play a vital role in regulating bone dynamics. This has boosted the interest in developing biomaterials that can modulate both the immune and skeletal systems. In this study, calcium phosphates discs (i.e., beta-tricalcium phosphate, β-TCP) are functionalized with heparin to investigate the effects on immune and stem cell responses. The results show that the functionalized surfaces downregulate the release of hydrogen peroxide and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 beta) from human monocytes and neutrophils, compared to nonfunctionalized discs. The macrophages show both elongated and round shapes on the two ceramic substrates, but the morphology of cells on heparinized β-TCP tends toward a higher elongation after 72 h. The heparinized substrates support rat mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) adhesion and proliferation, and anticipate the differentiation toward the osteoblastic lineage as compared to β-TCP and control. The coupling between the inflammatory response and osteogenesis is assessed by culturing MSCs with the macrophage supernatants. The downregulation of inflammation in contact with the heparinized substrates induces higher expression of bone-related markers by MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Diez-Escudero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
| | - Montserrat Espanol
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
| | - Mar Bonany
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
| | - Xi Lu
- Materials in Medicine Group; Division of Applied Materials Science; Department of Engineering Science; Uppsala University; Lägerhyddsy. 1 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Cecilia Persson
- Materials in Medicine Group; Division of Applied Materials Science; Department of Engineering Science; Uppsala University; Lägerhyddsy. 1 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre for Multiscale Science and Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC); EEBE; Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14 08019 Barcelona Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC); Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; C/ Baldiri Reixac 10-12 08028 Barcelona Spain
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122
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Shah Idil A, Donaldson N. The use of tungsten as a chronically implanted material. J Neural Eng 2018; 15:021006. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aaa502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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123
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Schäfers S, von Soosten D, Meyer U, Drong C, Frahm J, Tröscher A, Pelletier W, Sauerwein H, Dänicke S. Influence of conjugated linoleic acids and vitamin E on biochemical, hematological, and immunological variables of dairy cows during the transition period. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:1585-1600. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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124
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Erard M, Dupré-Crochet S, Nüße O. Biosensors for spatiotemporal detection of reactive oxygen species in cells and tissues. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 314:R667-R683. [PMID: 29341828 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00140.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Redox biology has become a major issue in numerous areas of physiology. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a broad range of roles from signal transduction to growth control and cell death. To understand the nature of these roles, accurate measurement of the reactive compounds is required. An increasing number of tools for ROS detection is available; however, the specificity and sensitivity of these tools are often insufficient. Furthermore, their specificity has been rarely evaluated in complex physiological conditions. Many ROS probes are sensitive to environmental conditions in particular pH, which may interfere with ROS detection and cause misleading results. Accurate detection of ROS in physiology and pathophysiology faces additional challenges concerning the precise localization of the ROS and the timing of their production and disappearance. Certain ROS are membrane permeable, and certain ROS probes move across cells and organelles. Targetable ROS probes such as fluorescent protein-based biosensors are required for accurate localization. Here we analyze these challenges in more detail, provide indications on the strength and weakness of current tools for ROS detection, and point out developments that will provide improved ROS detection methods in the future. There is no universal method that fits all situations in physiology and cell biology. A detailed knowledge of the ROS probes is required to choose the appropriate method for a given biological problem. The knowledge of the shortcomings of these probes should also guide the development of new sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Erard
- Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Orsay , France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique , Orsay , France
| | - Sophie Dupré-Crochet
- Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Orsay , France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique , Orsay , France
| | - Oliver Nüße
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique , Orsay , France
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Rossetto Burgos RC, Ramautar R, Van Wijk EP, Hankemeier T, Der Greef JV, Mashaghi A. Pharmacological targeting of ROS reaction network in myeloid leukemia cells monitored by ultra-weak photon emission. Oncotarget 2018; 9:2028-2034. [PMID: 29416750 PMCID: PMC5788618 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a blood cancer that is caused by a disorder of the process that normally generates neutrophils. Function and dysfunction of neutrophils are key to physiologic defense against pathogens as well as pathologies including autoimmunity and cancer. A major mechanism through which neutrophils contribute to health and disease is oxidative burst, which involves rapid release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by a chemical reaction network catalyzed by enzymes including NADPH oxidase and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Due to the involvement of neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species in many diseases and importance of NADPH oxidase and MPO-mediated reactions in progression and treatment of myeloid leukemia, monitoring this process and modulating it by pharmacological interventions is of great interest. In this work, we have evaluated the potential of a label-free method using ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) to monitor ROS production in neutrophil-like HL60 myeloid leukemia cells. Suppression of ROS was achieved by several drug candidates that target different parts of the reaction pathway. Our results show that UPE can report on ROS production as well as suppression by pharmacological inhibitors. We find that UPE is primarily generated by MPO catalyzed reaction and thus will be affected when an upstream reaction is pharmacologically modulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosilene Cristina Rossetto Burgos
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rawi Ramautar
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard P.A. Van Wijk
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Van Der Greef
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alireza Mashaghi
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Santos GB, Ribeiro AC, Lima SN, Trostchansky A, Cerdeira CD, Brigagão MR. Nitroxide Tempol down-regulates kinase activities associated with NADPH oxidase function in phagocytic cells and potentially decreases their fungicidal response. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 279:203-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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127
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Rossi DCP, Gleason JE, Sanchez H, Schatzman SS, Culbertson EM, Johnson CJ, McNees CA, Coelho C, Nett JE, Andes DR, Cormack BP, Culotta VC. Candida albicans FRE8 encodes a member of the NADPH oxidase family that produces a burst of ROS during fungal morphogenesis. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006763. [PMID: 29194441 PMCID: PMC5728582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recently, NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes were thought to be a property of multicellularity, where the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NOX acts in signaling processes or in attacking invading microbes through oxidative damage. We demonstrate here that the unicellular yeast and opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans is capable of a ROS burst using a member of the NOX enzyme family, which we identify as Fre8. C. albicans can exist in either a unicellular yeast-like budding form or as filamentous multicellular hyphae or pseudohyphae, and the ROS burst of Fre8 begins as cells transition to the hyphal state. Fre8 is induced during hyphal morphogenesis and specifically produces ROS at the growing tip of the polarized cell. The superoxide dismutase Sod5 is co-induced with Fre8 and our findings are consistent with a model in which extracellular Sod5 acts as partner for Fre8, converting Fre8-derived superoxide to the diffusible H2O2 molecule. Mutants of fre8Δ/Δ exhibit a morphogenesis defect in vitro and are specifically impaired in development or maintenance of elongated hyphae, a defect that is rescued by exogenous sources of H2O2. A fre8Δ/Δ deficiency in hyphal development was similarly observed in vivo during C. albicans invasion of the kidney in a mouse model for disseminated candidiasis. Moreover C. albicans fre8Δ/Δ mutants showed defects in a rat catheter model for biofilms. Together these studies demonstrate that like multicellular organisms, C. albicans expresses NOX to produce ROS and this ROS helps drive fungal morphogenesis in the animal host. We demonstrate here that the opportunistic human fungal pathogen Candida albicans uses a NADPH oxidase enzyme (NOX) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to control morphogenesis in an animal host. C. albicans was not previously known to express NOX enzymes as these were thought to be a property of multicellular organisms, not unicellular yeasts. We describe here the identification of C. albicans Fre8 as the first NOX enzyme that can produce extracellular ROS in a unicellular yeast. C. albicans can exist as either a unicellular yeast or as multicellular elongated hyphae, and Fre8 is specially expressed during transition to the hyphal state where it works to produce ROS at the growing tip of the polarized cell. C. albicans cells lacking Fre8 exhibit a deficiency in elongated hyphae during fungal invasion of the kidney in a mouse model for systemic candidiasis. Moreover, Fre8 is required for fungal survival in a rodent model for catheter biofilms. These findings implicate a role for fungal derived ROS in controlling morphogenesis of this important fungal pathogen for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego C. P. Rossi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Julie E. Gleason
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hiram Sanchez
- Departments of Medicine and of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Sabrina S. Schatzman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Edward M. Culbertson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chad J. Johnson
- Departments of Medicine and of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. McNees
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carolina Coelho
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeniel E. Nett
- Departments of Medicine and of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - David R. Andes
- Departments of Medicine and of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Brendan P. Cormack
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Valeria C. Culotta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Khatti A, Mehrotra S, Patel PK, Singh G, Maurya VP, Mahla AS, Chaudhari RK, Das GK, Singh M, Sarkar M, Kumar H, Krishnaswamy N. Supplementation of vitamin E, selenium and increased energy allowance mitigates the transition stress and improves postpartum reproductive performance in the crossbred cow. Theriogenology 2017; 104:142-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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129
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Gabl M, Holdfeldt A, Sundqvist M, Lomei J, Dahlgren C, Forsman H. FPR2 signaling without β-arrestin recruitment alters the functional repertoire of neutrophils. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 145:114-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Its Invasin EtpE Block Reactive Oxygen Species Generation by Macrophages in a DNase X-Dependent Manner. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.01551-17. [PMID: 29162709 PMCID: PMC5698551 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01551-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The obligatory intracellular pathogen Ehrlichia chaffeensis lacks most genes that confer resistance to oxidative stress but can block reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by host monocytes-macrophages. Bacterial and host molecules responsible for this inhibition have not been identified. To infect host cells, Ehrlichia uses the C terminus of its surface invasin, entry-triggering protein of Ehrlichia (EtpE; EtpE-C), which directly binds the mammalian cell surface receptor glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein DNase X. We investigated whether EtpE-C binding to DNase X blocks ROS production by mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). On the basis of a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay, E. chaffeensis inhibited phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced ROS generation by BMDMs from wild-type, but not DNase X−/−, mice. EtpE-C is critical for inhibition, as recombinant EtpE-C (rEtpE-C)-coated latex beads, but not recombinant N-terminal EtpE-coated or uncoated beads, inhibited PMA-induced ROS generation by BMDMs from wild-type mice. DNase X is required for this inhibition, as none of these beads inhibited PMA-induced ROS generation by BMDMs from DNase X−/− mice. Previous studies showed that E. chaffeensis does not block ROS generation in neutrophils, a cell type that is a potent ROS generator but is not infected by E. chaffeensis. Human and mouse peripheral blood neutrophils did not express DNase X. Our findings point to a unique survival mechanism of ROS-sensitive obligate intramonocytic bacteria that involves invasin EtpE binding to DNase X on the host cell surface. This is the first report of bacterial invasin having such a subversive activity on ROS generation. Ehrlichia chaffeensis preferentially infects monocytes-macrophages and causes a life-threatening emerging tick-transmitted infectious disease called human monocytic ehrlichiosis. Ehrlichial infection, and hence the disease, depends on the ability of this bacterium to avoid or overcome powerful microbicidal mechanisms of host monocytes-macrophages, one of which is the generation of ROS. Our findings reveal that an ehrlichial surface invasin, EtpE, not only triggers bacterial entry but also blocks ROS generation by host macrophages through its host cell receptor, DNase X. As ROS sensitivity is an Achilles’ heel of this group of pathogens, understanding the mechanism by which E. chaffeensis rapidly blocks ROS generation suggests a new approach for developing effective anti-infective measures. The discovery of a ROS-blocking pathway is also important, as modulation of ROS generation is important in a variety of ailments and biological processes.
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131
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Berntsen HF, Bogen IL, Wigestrand MB, Fonnum F, Walaas SI, Moldes-Anaya A. The fungal neurotoxin penitrem A induces the production of reactive oxygen species in human neutrophils at submicromolar concentrations. Toxicology 2017; 392:64-70. [PMID: 29037868 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Penitrem A is a fungal neurotoxin that recurrently causes intoxication in animals, and occasionally also in humans. We have previously reported that penitrem A induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat cerebellar granule cells, opening for a new mechanism of action for the neurotoxin. The aim of this study was to examine the potential of penitrem A to induce ROS production in isolated human neutrophil granulocytes, and to study possible mechanisms involved. Penitrem A significantly increased the production of ROS in human neutrophils at concentrations as low as 0.25μM (40% increase over basal levels), as measured with the DCF fluorescence assay. The EC50 determined for the production of ROS by penitrem A was 3.8μM. The maximal increase in ROS production was approximately 330% over basal levels at a concentration of 12.5μM. ROS formation was significantly inhibited by the antioxidant vitamin E (50μM), the intracellular Ca+2 chelator BAPTA-AM (5μM), the mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) 1/2 and 5 inhibitor U0126 (1 and 10μM), the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580 (1μM), the c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 (10μM), and the calcineurin inhibitors FK-506 and cyclosporine A (1.5 and 0.5μM, respectively). These finding suggest that penitrem A is able to induce an increase in ROS production in neutrophils via the activation of several MAPK-signalling pathways. We suggest that this increase may partly explain the pathophysiology generated by penitrem A neuromycotoxicosis in both humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Berntsen
- Department of Administration, Lab Animal Unit, National Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 8149 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - I L Bogen
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Forensic Sciences, Section of Drug Abuse Research, P.O. Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - M B Wigestrand
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1112 Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - F Fonnum
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1112 Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - S I Walaas
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1112 Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - A Moldes-Anaya
- Section of Chemistry and Toxicology, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, Norway; R&D Section, PET-center, University Hospital of North Norway (UNN), P.O. Box 100 Langnes, N-9038 Tromsø, Norway.
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132
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Cellular glutathione levels in HL-60 cells during respiratory burst are not correlated with ultra-weak photon emission. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 175:291-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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133
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On the use of ion-crosslinked nanocellulose hydrogels for wound healing solutions: Physicochemical properties and application-oriented biocompatibility studies. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 174:299-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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134
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Martin EM, Till RL, Sheats MK, Jones SL. Misoprostol Inhibits Equine Neutrophil Adhesion, Migration, and Respiratory Burst in an In Vitro Model of Inflammation. Front Vet Sci 2017; 4:159. [PMID: 29034248 PMCID: PMC5626936 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In many equine inflammatory disease states, neutrophil activities, such as adhesion, migration, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production become dysregulated. Dysregulated neutrophil activation causes tissue damage in horses with asthma, colitis, laminitis, and gastric glandular disease. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs do not adequately inhibit neutrophil inflammatory functions and can lead to dangerous adverse effects. Therefore, novel therapies that target mechanisms of neutrophil-mediated tissue damage are needed. One potential neutrophil-targeting therapeutic is the PGE1 analog, misoprostol. Misoprostol is a gastroprotectant that induces intracellular formation of the secondary messenger molecule cyclic AMP (cAMP), which has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects on neutrophils. Misoprostol is currently used in horses to treat NSAID-induced gastrointestinal injury; however, its effects on equine neutrophils have not been determined. We hypothesized that treatment of equine neutrophils with misoprostol would inhibit equine neutrophil adhesion, migration, and ROS production, in vitro. We tested this hypothesis using isolated equine peripheral blood neutrophils collected from 12 healthy adult teaching/research horses of mixed breed and gender. The effect of misoprostol treatment on adhesion, migration, and respiratory burst of equine neutrophils was evaluated via fluorescence-based adhesion and chemotaxis assays, and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence, respectively. Neutrophils were pretreated with varying concentrations of misoprostol, vehicle, or appropriate functional inhibitory controls prior to stimulation with LTB4, CXCL8, PAF, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or immune complex (IC). This study revealed that misoprostol pretreatment significantly inhibited LTB4-induced adhesion, LTB4-, CXCL8-, and PAF-induced chemotaxis, and LPS-, IC-, and PMA-induced ROS production in a concentration-dependent manner. This data indicate that misoprostol-targeting of E-prostanoid (EP) receptors potently inhibits equine neutrophil effector functions in vitro. Additional studies are indicated to further elucidate the role of EP receptors in regulating neutrophil function. Overall, our results suggest misoprostol may hold promise as a novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Medlin Martin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Rebecca Louise Till
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Mary Katherine Sheats
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Samuel L Jones
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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135
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Winther M, Holdfeldt A, Sundqvist M, Rajabkhani Z, Gabl M, Bylund J, Dahlgren C, Forsman H. Formyl peptide derived lipopeptides disclose differences between the receptors in mouse and men and call the pepducin concept in question. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185132. [PMID: 28934373 PMCID: PMC5608352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A pepducin is a lipopeptide containing a peptide sequence that is identical to one of the intracellular domains of the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) assumed to be the target. Neutrophils express two closely related formyl peptide receptors belonging to the family of GPCRs; FPR1 and FPR2 in human and their respective orthologue Fpr1 and Fpr2 in mouse. By applying the pepducin concept, we have earlier identified FPR2 activating pepducins generated from the third intracellular loop of FPR2. The third intracellular loop of FPR2 differs in two amino acids from that of FPR1, seven from Fpr2 and three from Fpr1. Despite this, we found that pepducins generated from FPR1, FPR2, Fpr1 and Fpr2 all targeted FPR2 in human neutrophils and Fpr2 in mouse, but with different modulating outcomes. Whereas the FPR1/Fpr1 derived pepducins inhibited the FPR2 function in human neutrophils, they activated Fpr2 in mouse. The FPR2 derived pepducin activated FPR2/Fpr2, whereas the pepducin generated from Fpr2 inhibited both FPR2 and Fpr2. In summary, our data demonstrate that pepducins generated from the third intracellular loop of human FPR1/2 and mouse Fpr1/2, all targeted FPR2 in human and Fpr2 in mouse. With respect to the modulating outcomes, pepducin inhibitors identified for FPR2 are in fact activators for Fpr2 in mouse neutrophils. Our data thus questions the validity of pepducin concept regarding their receptor selectivity but supports the notion that FPR2/Fpr2 may recognize a lipopeptide molecular pattern, and highlight the differences in ligand recognition profile between FPR2 and its mouse orthologue Fpr2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malene Winther
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - André Holdfeldt
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martina Sundqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zahra Rajabkhani
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael Gabl
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Bylund
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Dahlgren
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Huamei Forsman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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17β-Estradiol Dysregulates Innate Immune Responses to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Respiratory Infection and Is Modulated by Estrogen Receptor Antagonism. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00422-17. [PMID: 28784925 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00422-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Females have a more severe clinical course than males in terms of several inflammatory lung conditions. Notably, females with cystic fibrosis (CF) suffer worse outcomes, particularly in the setting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Sex hormones have been implicated in experimental and clinical studies; however, immune mechanisms responsible for this sex-based disparity are unknown and the specific sex hormone target for therapeutic manipulation has not been identified. The objective of this study was to assess mechanisms behind the impact of female sex hormones on host immune responses to P. aeruginosa We used wild-type and CF mice, which we hormone manipulated, inoculated with P. aeruginosa, and then examined for outcomes and inflammatory responses. Neutrophils isolated from mice and human subjects were tested for responses to P. aeruginosa We found that female mice inoculated with P. aeruginosa died earlier and showed slower bacterial clearance than males (P < 0.0001). Ovariectomized females supplemented with 17β-estradiol succumbed to P. aeruginosa challenge earlier than progesterone- or vehicle-supplemented mice (P = 0.0003). 17β-Estradiol-treated ovariectomized female mice demonstrated increased lung levels of inflammatory cytokines, and when rendered neutropenic the mortality difference was abrogated. Neutrophils treated with 17β-estradiol demonstrated an enhanced oxidative burst but decreased P. aeruginosa killing and earlier cell necrosis. The estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI 182,780 improved survival in female mice infected with P. aeruginosa and restored neutrophil function. We concluded that ER antagonism rescues estrogen-mediated neutrophil dysfunction and improves survival in response to P. aeruginosa ER-mediated processes may explain the sex-based mortality gap in CF and other inflammatory lung illnesses, and the ER blockade represents a rational therapeutic strategy.
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137
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Vignali PDA, Barbi J, Pan F. Metabolic Regulation of T Cell Immunity. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1011:87-130. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1170-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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138
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Szulc-Kielbik I, Kielbik M, Klink M. Ferulic acid but not alpha-lipoic acid effectively protects THP-1-derived macrophages from oxidant and pro-inflammatory response to LPS. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2017; 39:330-337. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2017.1369100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michal Kielbik
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Klink
- Faculty of Cosmetology, The Academy of Cosmetics and Health Care, Warsaw, Poland
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139
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Andina D, Leroux JC, Luciani P. Ratiometric Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species. Chemistry 2017; 23:13549-13573. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Andina
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETHZ); Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETHZ); Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Paola Luciani
- Biologisch-Pharmazeutisch Fakultät, Institut für Pharmazie; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; 07743 Jena Germany
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140
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Aydin E, Johansson J, Nazir FH, Hellstrand K, Martner A. Role of NOX2-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in NK Cell-Mediated Control of Murine Melanoma Metastasis. Cancer Immunol Res 2017; 5:804-811. [PMID: 28760732 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-16-0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The NADPH oxidase of myeloid cells, NOX2, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate pathogens and malignant cells. NOX2-derived ROS have also been proposed to dampen functions of natural killer (NK) cells and other antineoplastic lymphocytes in the microenvironment of established tumors. The mechanisms by which NOX2 and ROS influence the process of distant metastasis have only been partially explored. Here, we utilized genetically NOX2-deficient mice and pharmacologic inhibition of NOX2 to elucidate the role of NOX2 for the hematogenous metastasis of melanoma cells. After intravenous inoculation of B16F1 or B16F10 cells, lung metastasis formation was reduced in B6.129S6-Cybbtm1DinK (Nox2-KO) versus Nox2-sufficient wild-type (WT) mice. Systemic treatment with the NOX2-inhibitor histamine dihydrochloride (HDC) reduced melanoma metastasis and enhanced the infiltration of IFNγ-producing NK cells into lungs of WT but not of Nox2-KO mice. IFNγ-deficient B6.129S7-Ifngtm1Ts /J mice were prone to develop melanoma metastases and did not respond to in vivo treatment with HDC. We propose that NOX2-derived ROS facilitate metastasis of melanoma cells by downmodulating NK-cell function and that inhibition of NOX2 may restore IFNγ-dependent, NK cell-mediated clearance of melanoma cells. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(9); 804-11. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Aydin
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Junko Johansson
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Faisal Hayat Nazir
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Hellstrand
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Martner
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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141
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El-Benna J, Hurtado-Nedelec M, Marzaioli V, Marie JC, Gougerot-Pocidalo MA, Dang PMC. Priming of the neutrophil respiratory burst: role in host defense and inflammation. Immunol Rev 2017; 273:180-93. [PMID: 27558335 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the major circulating white blood cells in humans. They play an essential role in host defense against pathogens. In healthy individuals, circulating neutrophils are in a dormant state with very low efficiency of capture and arrest on the quiescent endothelium. Upon infection and subsequent release of pro-inflammatory mediators, the vascular endothelium signals to circulating neutrophils to roll, adhere, and cross the endothelial barrier. Neutrophils migrate toward the infection site along a gradient of chemo-attractants, then recognize and engulf the pathogen. To kill this pathogen entrapped inside the vacuole, neutrophils produce and release high quantities of antibacterial peptides, proteases, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The robust ROS production is also called 'the respiratory burst', and the NADPH oxidase or NOX2 is the enzyme responsible for the production of superoxide anion, leading to other ROS. In vitro, several soluble and particulate agonists induce neutrophil ROS production. This process can be enhanced by prior neutrophil treatment with 'priming' agents, which alone do not induce a respiratory burst. In this review, we will describe the priming process and discuss the beneficial role of controlled neutrophil priming in host defense and the detrimental effect of excessive neutrophil priming in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamel El-Benna
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, DHU FIRE, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Margarita Hurtado-Nedelec
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, DHU FIRE, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Dysfonctionnements Immunitaires, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Viviana Marzaioli
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, DHU FIRE, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Marie
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, DHU FIRE, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Dysfonctionnements Immunitaires, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Gougerot-Pocidalo
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, DHU FIRE, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,Département d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, UF Dysfonctionnements Immunitaires, HUPNVS, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Pham My-Chan Dang
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, DHU FIRE, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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142
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Grauers Wiktorin H, Nilsson T, Aydin E, Hellstrand K, Palmqvist L, Martner A. Role of NOX2 for leukaemic expansion in a murine model of BCR-ABL1 + leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2017; 182:290-294. [PMID: 28542840 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Grauers Wiktorin
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tina Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ebru Aydin
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Hellstrand
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Palmqvist
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Martner
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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143
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Huber N, Vetter SG, Evans AL, Kjellander P, Küker S, Bergvall UA, Arnemo JM. Quantifying capture stress in free ranging European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:127. [PMID: 28490331 PMCID: PMC5424289 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To understand and reduce the concomitant effects of trapping and handling procedures in wildlife species, it is essential to measure their physiological impact. Here, we examined individual variation in stress levels in non-anesthetized European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), which were captured in box traps and physically restrained for tagging, biometrics and bio-sampling. In winter 2013, we collected venous blood samples from 28 individuals during 28 capture events and evaluated standard measurements for stress (heart rate, body temperature, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, lactate and total cortisol). Additionally, we assessed stress using the immunological tool, Leukocyte Coping Capacity (LCC), a real-time proxy for stress measuring oxygen radical production by leukocytes. Finally, the behavioral response to handling was recorded using a scoring system. RESULTS LCC and therefore stress levels were negatively influenced by the time animals spent in the box trap with human presence at the capture site prior to handling. In contrast, none of the classical stress measures, including total cortisol, nor the behavioral assessment, were correlated with the stressor tested (time of human presence prior to handling) and thus did not provide a clear depiction regarding the extent of the animals short-term stress response. CONCLUSIONS Overall our study verifies the LCC as a strong method to quantify short-term stress reactions in wildlife. Moreover, our results clearly show that human presence at the trapping site prior to handling should be kept to an absolute minimum in order to reduce stress levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Huber
- Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sebastian G Vetter
- Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alina L Evans
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Evenstad, NO-2418, Elverum, Norway
| | - Petter Kjellander
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, SE-730 91, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | - Susanne Küker
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Evenstad, NO-2418, Elverum, Norway
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ulrika A Bergvall
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, SE-730 91, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon M Arnemo
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Evenstad, NO-2418, Elverum, Norway
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
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144
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Ultra-weak photon emission as a dynamic tool for monitoring oxidative stress metabolism. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1229. [PMID: 28450732 PMCID: PMC5430737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, excessive oxidative metabolism has been reported as a critical determinant of pathogenicity in many diseases. The advent of a simple tool that can provide a physiological readout of oxidative stress would be a major step towards monitoring this dynamic process in biological systems, while also improving our understanding of this process. Ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) has been proposed as a potential tool for measuring oxidative processes due to the association between UPE and reactive oxygen species. Here, we used HL-60 cells as an in vitro model to test the potential of using UPE as readout for dynamically monitoring oxidative stress after inducing respiratory burst. In addition, to probe for possible changes in oxidative metabolism, we performed targeted metabolomics on cell extracts and culture medium. Lastly, we tested the effects of treating cells with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI). Our results show that UPE can be used as readout for measuring oxidative stress metabolism and related processes.
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145
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Cavaliere FM, Prezzo A, Bilotta C, Iacobini M, Quinti I. The lack of BTK does not impair monocytes and polymorphonuclear cells functions in X-linked agammaglobulinemia under treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin replacement. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175961. [PMID: 28422989 PMCID: PMC5397035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of BTK in X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) patients does not affect monocytes and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) phenotype and functions. In this study, we show that XLA patients had an increased frequency of the intermediate monocytes subset and that BTK-deficient monocytes and PMN had a normal expression of receptors involved in the activation and cellular responses. We demonstrate that BTK is not required for migration, phagocytosis and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following engagement of FC gamma receptors (FcγR). XLA monocytes and PMN showed an efficient calcium (Ca2+)-independent activation of oxidative burst, suggesting that oxidative burst is less dependent by Ca2+ mobilization. The phagocytosis was functional and it remained unaltered also after Ca2+ chelation, confirming the independence of phagocytosis on Ca2+ mobilization. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) infusion exerted an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the frequency of pro-inflammatory monocytes. In monocytes, the IVIg reduce the oxidative burst and phagocytosis even if these functions remained efficient.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase
- Agammaglobulinemia/drug therapy
- Agammaglobulinemia/genetics
- Agammaglobulinemia/immunology
- Agammaglobulinemia/pathology
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Chelating Agents/pharmacology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/drug therapy
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/immunology
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/pathology
- Humans
- Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Monocytes/immunology
- Monocytes/pathology
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Phenotype
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/deficiency
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/immunology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/immunology
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/immunology
- Respiratory Burst/drug effects
- Respiratory Burst/immunology
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Prezzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Caterina Bilotta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Metello Iacobini
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Isabella Quinti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
- * E-mail:
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146
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Wiecek M, Maciejczyk M, Szymura J, Szygula Z. Sex differences in oxidative stress after eccentric and concentric exercise. Redox Rep 2017; 22:478-485. [PMID: 28320258 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2017.1304195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Comparison of redox balance changes in the blood of women and men as a result of submaximal eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CONC) efforts. METHODS 10 women and 10 men performed three 45-minute submaximal treadmill runs at constant velocities (downhill run - ECC, uphill run - CONC and level run). Prior to the 45-minute exercises, after their completion and following 24 hours of recovery, the concentration of lactate, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), 3-nitrotyrosine, uric acid (UA) and the white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil (NEUT), lymphocyte (LYMPH) and monocyte content in the blood were determined. RESULTS In women, the ox-LDL increased significantly 10 minutes and 24 hours following ECC (P < 0.05). 10 minutes after ECC, in women, there was an increase in WBC, NEUT and LYMPH (P < 0.05). In the men, WBC and NEUT increased significantly 24 hours after CONC and ECC (P < 0.05). UA in each determination was higher in the men than the women (P < 0.05). DISCUSSION ECC cause impaired redox balance only in women. Due to the increase in antioxidant capacity of the blood without accompanying oxidative damage to macromolecules, for both sexes, it is recommended to perform concentric running efforts at the highest possible subliminal intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wiecek
- a Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport , University of Physical Education in Krakow , Krakow , Poland
| | - Marcin Maciejczyk
- a Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport , University of Physical Education in Krakow , Krakow , Poland
| | - Jadwiga Szymura
- b Department of Clinical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Motor Rehabilitation , University of Physical Education in Krakow , Poland
| | - Zbigniew Szygula
- c Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport , University of Physical Education in Krakow , Poland
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147
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Schmoch T, Uhle F, Siegler BH, Fleming T, Morgenstern J, Nawroth PP, Weigand MA, Brenner T. The Glyoxalase System and Methylglyoxal-Derived Carbonyl Stress in Sepsis: Glycotoxic Aspects of Sepsis Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E657. [PMID: 28304355 PMCID: PMC5372669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of death in intensive care units. Although sepsis is caused by a viral, fungal or bacterial infection, it is the dysregulated generalized host response that ultimately leads to severe dysfunction of multiple organs and death. The concomitant profound metabolic changes are characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and profound transformations of the intracellular energy supply in both peripheral and immune cells. A further hallmark of the early phases of sepsis is a massive formation of reactive oxygen (ROS; e.g., superoxide) as well as nitrogen (RNS; e.g., nitric oxide) species. Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) form a third crucial group of highly reactive metabolites, which until today have been not the focus of interest in sepsis. However, we previously showed in a prospective observational clinical trial that patients suffering from septic shock are characterized by significant methylglyoxal (MG)-derived carbonyl stress, with the glyoxalase system being downregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In this review, we give a detailed insight into the current state of research regarding the metabolic changes that entail an increased MG-production in septicemia. Thus, we point out the special role of the glyoxalase system in the context of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schmoch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Florian Uhle
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Benedikt H Siegler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Fleming
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jakob Morgenstern
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Peter P Nawroth
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Markus A Weigand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Brenner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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148
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Mizuno S, Ishizaki T, Kadowaki M, Akai M, Shiozaki K, Iguchi M, Oikawa T, Nakagawa K, Osanai K, Toga H, Gomez-Arroyo J, Kraskauskas D, Cool CD, Bogaard HJ, Voelkel NF. p53 Signaling Pathway Polymorphisms Associated With Emphysematous Changes in Patients With COPD. Chest 2017; 152:58-69. [PMID: 28315337 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The p53 signaling pathway may be important for the pathogenesis of emphysematous changes in the lungs of smokers. Polymorphism of p53 at codon 72 is known to affect apoptotic effector proteins, and the polymorphism of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)309 is known to increase MDM2 expression. The aim of this study was to assess polymorphisms of the p53 and MDM2 genes in smokers and confirm the role of SNPs in these genes in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. METHODS This study included 365 patients with a smoking history, and the polymorphisms of p53 and MDM2 genes were identified. The degree of pulmonary emphysema was determined by means of CT scanning. SNPs, MDM2 mRNA, and p53 protein levels were assessed in human lung tissues from smokers. Plasmids encoding p53 and MDM2 SNPs were used to transfect human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) with or without cigarette smoke extract (CSE), and the effects on cell proliferation and MDM2 promoter activity were measured. RESULTS The polymorphisms of the p53 and MDM2 genes were associated with emphysematous changes in the lung and were also associated with p53 protein and MDM2 mRNA expression in the lung tissue samples. Transfection with a p53 gene-coding plasmid regulated HLF proliferation, and the analysis of P2 promoter activity in MDM2 SNP309-coding HLFs showed the promoter activity was altered by CSE. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that p53 and MDM2 gene polymorphisms are associated with apoptotic signaling and smoking-related emphysematous changes in lungs from smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Mizuno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Ishizaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Maiko Kadowaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masaya Akai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukui Red Cross Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kohei Shiozaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukui Red Cross Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masaharu Iguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Taku Oikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ken Nakagawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Osanai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Toga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Jose Gomez-Arroyo
- Victoria Johnson Center for Obstructive Lung Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Donatas Kraskauskas
- Victoria Johnson Center for Obstructive Lung Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Carlyne D Cool
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Lung Tissue Repository Consortium Repository, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Norbert F Voelkel
- Victoria Johnson Center for Obstructive Lung Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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149
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Na M, Wang W, Fei Y, Josefsson E, Ali A, Jin T. Both anti-TNF and CTLA4 Ig treatments attenuate the disease severity of staphylococcal dermatitis in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173492. [PMID: 28264025 PMCID: PMC5338833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background RA patients being treated with biologics are known to have an increased risk of infections. We recently demonstrated that both CTLA4 Ig and anti-TNF treatment aggravate systemic Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection in mice, but with distinct clinical manifestations. However, the effects of CTLA4 Ig and anti-TNF treatments on a local S. aureus infection (e.g., skin infection) might differ from their effects on a systemic infection. Aims The aim of this study was to examine the differential effects of anti-TNF versus CTLA4 Ig treatment on S. aureus skin infections in mice. Method Abatacept (CTLA4 Ig), etanercept (anti-TNF treatment) or PBS was given to NMRI mice subcutaneously inoculated with S. aureus strain SH1000. The clinical signs of dermatitis, along with histopathological changes due to skin infection, were compared between the groups. Results Both CTLA4 Ig and anti-TNF treatment resulted in less severe skin infections and smaller post-infectious hyperpigmentation compared with controls. Consistent with the clinical signs of dermatitis, smaller lesion size, more epithelial hyperplasia and more granulation were found in skin biopsies from mice receiving anti-TNF compared with PBS controls. However, both CTLA4 Ig and anti-TNF therapy tended to prolong the healing time, although this finding was not statistically significant. Serum MCP-1 levels were elevated in the anti-TNF group relative to the CTLA4 Ig and PBS groups, whereas IL-6 levels were higher in PBS controls than in the other two groups. Both anti-TNF and CTLA4 Ig treatments tended to down-regulate the necrosis/apoptosis ratio in the locally infected skin tissue. Importantly, no tangible difference was found in the bacterial burden among groups. Conclusion Both CTLA4 Ig and anti-TNF therapies attenuate disease severity but may prolong the healing time required for S. aureus skin infections. Neither treatment has an impact on bacterial clearance in skin tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Na
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, S-41346 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Wanzhong Wang
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ying Fei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of GuiZhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Elisabet Josefsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, S-41346 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Abukar Ali
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, S-41346 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, S-41346 Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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150
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Turcotte C, Zarini S, Jean S, Martin C, Murphy RC, Marsolais D, Laviolette M, Blanchet MR, Flamand N. The Endocannabinoid Metabolite Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2)-Glycerol Inhibits Human Neutrophil Functions: Involvement of Its Hydrolysis into PGE 2 and EP Receptors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:3255-3263. [PMID: 28258202 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol and N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine mediate an array of pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. These effects are related, in part, to their metabolism by eicosanoid biosynthetic enzymes. For example, N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine and 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol can be metabolized by cyclooxygenase-2 into PG-ethanolamide (PG-EA) and PG-glycerol (PG-G), respectively. Although PGE2 is a recognized suppressor of neutrophil functions, the impact of cyclooxygenase-derived endocannabinoids such as PGE2-EA or PGE2-G on neutrophils is unknown. This study's aim was to define the effects of these mediators on neutrophil functions and the underlying cellular mechanisms involved. We show that PGE2-G, but not PGE2-EA, inhibits leukotriene B4 biosynthesis, superoxide production, migration, and antimicrobial peptide release. The effects of PGE2-G were prevented by EP1/EP2 receptor antagonist AH-6809 but not the EP4 antagonist ONO-AE2-227. The effects of PGE2-G required its hydrolysis into PGE2, were not observed with the non-hydrolyzable PGE2-serinol amide, and were completely prevented by methyl-arachidonoyl-fluorophosphate and palmostatin B, and partially prevented by JZL184 and WWL113. Although we could detect six of the documented PG-G hydrolases in neutrophils by quantitative PCR, only ABHD12 and ABHD16A were detected by immunoblot. Our pharmacological data, combined with our protein expression data, did not allow us to pinpoint one PGE2-G lipase, and rather support the involvement of an uncharacterized lipase and/or of multiple hydrolases. In conclusion, we show that PGE2-G inhibits human neutrophil functions through its hydrolysis into PGE2, and by activating the EP2 receptor. This also indicates that neutrophils could regulate inflammation by altering the balance between PG-G and PG levels in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Turcotte
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G5, Canada; and
| | - Simona Zarini
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Stéphanie Jean
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G5, Canada; and
| | - Cyril Martin
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G5, Canada; and
| | - Robert C Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - David Marsolais
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G5, Canada; and
| | - Michel Laviolette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G5, Canada; and
| | - Marie-Renée Blanchet
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G5, Canada; and
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 4G5, Canada; and
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