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Influence of Horseback Riding and Horse Simulator Riding on Heart Rate Variability: Are There Differences? APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9112194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy young people while riding a real horse or a horse gait simulator. The sample consisted of a group of 23 healthy young adults aged 22.91 (2.37), who rode a horse for five minutes at walking speed and spent five minutes on a horse gait simulator, while their HRV values were being recorded. Furthermore, immediately after each protocol, the HRV at rest was also recorded to observe the acute effects. We used the paired samples t-test to compare between the HRV during the horse-riding and the horse simulator-riding activities, as well as the differences in the acute effects between both situations. The findings indicate that the HRV was lower when participants were riding the horse compared with the activity on the horse simulator. However, no differences were observed immediately after the two protocols. Therefore, we state that the sympathetic tone is higher while riding a real horse than while riding a horse simulator. These differences may be due to emotional aspects and not due to differences in the physical load, considering the absence of differences in the acute effects.
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Porto LGG, Schmidt ACB, de Souza JM, Nogueira RM, Fontana KE, Molina GE, Korre M, Smith DL, Junqueira LF, Kales SN. Firefighters’ basal cardiac autonomic function and its associations with cardiorespiratory fitness. Work 2019; 62:485-495. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-192883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Guilherme G. Porto
- Faculty of Physical Education of the University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Scholarship from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, CNPq, Brazil
- Cardiovascular Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, DF, Brazil, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jessica Maximo de Souza
- Physiotherapy Course, Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Campus Ceilândia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Rosenkranz Maciel Nogueira
- Faculty of Physical Education of the University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Federal District (Brasilia) Military Firefighter Brigade, CBMDF, SAM lote D, modulo E, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Keila E. Fontana
- Faculty of Physical Education of the University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Guilherme E. Molina
- Faculty of Physical Education of the University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Cardiovascular Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, DF, Brazil, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Maria Korre
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences Department, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA
| | - Denise L. Smith
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences Department, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA
| | - Luiz Fernando Junqueira
- Cardiology Division, Clinical Medicine Area, Cardiovascular Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Stefanos N. Kales
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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O'Neil A, Taylor CB, Hare DL, Thomas E, Toukhsati SR, Oldroyd J, Scovelle AJ, Oldenburg B. The relationship between phobic anxiety and 2-year readmission after Acute Coronary Syndrome: What is the role of heart rate variability? J Affect Disord 2019; 247:73-80. [PMID: 30654268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phobic anxiety is a risk factor for poor prognosis following Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). A psychophysiological marker of vagal function, autonomic dysfunction may play a critical role in this relationship. The aim of the study was two-fold: to assess whether phobic anxiety was characterised by autonomic dysfunction (heart rate variability) in the short (1-month) and longer term (12-months) following ACS, and (ii) to quantify the extent to which HRV parameters modified the effect of phobic anxiety on all-cause hospital readmission over 2 years. METHODS The ADVENT study followed 416 ACS patients. At 1-month following discharge (T0), phobic anxiety and autonomic functioning were assessed using the Crown Crisp Index (CCI) and 11 indices of heart rate variability (HRV), respectively. HRV was measured again at 12-months (T1) (n = 359). Hospital readmission (all cause) was derived from an audit of hospital records by two medically trained research fellows. Generalised linear modelling (GLM) was used to first determine the association between CCI score at T0 and HRV parameters at T0 and T1. Binary logistic regression was used to measure the relationship between CCI scores and readmission (yes/no) and the extent to which HRV parameters modified this effect. RESULTS CCI scores were associated with 7 of the 11 indices of HRV: Average RR (ms), SDRR (ms), RMSSD (ms), SDSD (ms), pRR50 (%), LF Powers (ms2) and HF Powers (ms2) at T0 but not T1. CCI scores at T0 significantly predicted likelihood of readmission to hospital in the subsequent 2 year period. No parameter of HRV at T0 modified this effect. LIMITATIONS We were unable to provide adjudicated major adverse coronary events outcome data, or account for changes in medication adherence, diet or physical activity. CONCLUSIONS While phobic anxiety is associated with both reduced vagal function in the short term after an ACS event and 2 year all cause readmission, HRV does not appear to be the pathway by which phobic anxiety drives this outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne O'Neil
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207, Bouverie St., Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - C Barr Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford and Palo Alto Universities, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - David L Hare
- School of Medicine, University of Melbourne Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma Thomas
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207, Bouverie St., Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samia R Toukhsati
- School of Medicine, University of Melbourne Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia; Federation University Australia, School of Health and Life Sciences, Berwick, VIC Australia
| | - John Oldroyd
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna J Scovelle
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207, Bouverie St., Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brian Oldenburg
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207, Bouverie St., Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Wittstein MW, Starobin JM, Schmitz RJ, Shulz SJ, Haran FJ, Rhea CK. Cardiac and gait rhythms in healthy younger and older adults during treadmill walking tasks. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:367-375. [PMID: 29777477 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-0962-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging and pathology result in changes in the dynamics of several physiological subsystems. Often, these changes are concurrent, altering the dynamics between subsystems. Cardiac and gait rhythms are one example in which patterns change during physical activity. AIMS The purpose of this research is to simultaneously monitor changes in cardiac and gait rhythms when participants complete various treadmill walking tasks-normal speed, fast speed, and while synchronizing steps with a blinking metronome. METHODS The cardiac and gait rhythms of younger and older healthy adults were examined in this study during treadmill walking tasks. Pre-test and post-test walking at a preferred walking speed were compared to fast walking and walking with a gait synchronization test. Cardiac and gait rhythms were observed to calculate the mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, detrended fluctuation analysis scaling exponent alpha (DFA α), and sample entropy from each 15-min trial. Separate MANOVAs were used to examine the two experimental conditions for cardiac and gait rhythm variability. RESULTS During the gait synchronization experiment, main effects for phase were exhibited for all gait variables, but none were shown during the fast walking task. Meanwhile, the cardiac rhythms demonstrated decreased mean and increased DFA α only during the synchronization condition. DISCUSSION Participants, regardless of age, exhibited similar patterns of change in their cardiac and locomotor rhythms during the treadmill walking tasks. Cardiac rhythms were only altered during the gait synchronization task, suggesting it may be possible to simultaneously influence the variability and structure of cardiac and gait rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Randy J Schmitz
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Sandra J Shulz
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
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Kyriakides A, Poulikakos D, Galata A, Konstantinou D, Panagiotopoulos E, Chroni E. The effect of level of injury and physical activity on heart rate variability following spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2019; 42:212-219. [PMID: 29052467 PMCID: PMC6419680 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2017.1383709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND To assess frequency domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters at rest and in response to postural autonomic provocations in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and investigate the autonomic influences on the heart of different physical activities. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Ten subjects with complete cervical SCI and fourteen subjects with complete low thoracic SCI were prospectively recruited from the community and further divided in sedentary and physically active groups, the latter defined as regular weekly 4 hour physical activity for the preceding 3 months. Sixteen healthy individuals matched for sex and age were recruited to participate in the control group. The Low Frequency (LF), High Frequency (HF) powers and the LF/HF ratio of HRV were measured from continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings at rest and after sitting using a fast Fourier transformation. OUTCOME MEASURES The LF,HF, and the LF/HF ratio at rest and after sitting. RESULTS A significant decrease in all HRV parameters in patients with SCI was found compared to controls. The change in HF, LF and LF/HF following sitting maneuver was significantly greater in controls as compared with the SCI group and greater in subjects with paraplegia as compared to subjects with tetraplegia. Better HRV values and enhanced vagal activity appears to be related to the type of physical activity in active subjects with paraplegia. CONCLUSION In this cohort of subjects spectral parameters of HRV were associated with the level of the injury. Passive standing was associated with higher HRV values in subjects with paraplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Kyriakides
- Spinal Cord Unit, University Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece,Correspondence to: Athanasios Kyriakides, Spinal Cord Unit, University Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece. ;
| | | | - Angeliki Galata
- Spinal Cord Unit, University Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece
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Drury RL, Simonetti SA. Heart Rate Variability in Dental Science. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:13. [PMID: 30788344 PMCID: PMC6372525 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentistry has made progress as a profession by integration with both medicine and other human sciences, especially when it uses empirical metrics to study process and outcome variables. Notably, progress in our understanding of genomic, biomic, and other molecular biological phenomena has been valuable. As has been identified by Drury (1, 2), it is proposed in this commentary that the inclusion of heart rate variability (HRV) as a biomarker of health may further this integrative progress. HRV is derived by various linear and non-linear statistical analyses of the R-R, beat-to-beat ECG interval in microseconds. Over twenty three thousand reports are identified in a recent PubMed search of the term heart rate variability, most of which demonstrate HRV's sensitivity to a wide diversity of physical and psychosocial pathologies. The small literature of dental use of HRV in both assessment and treatment will be selectively reviewed and relevant exemplars for other important health applications of HRV will be discussed. This will lead to a proposed agenda for researching HRV's value to professional dentistry as a human health and wellness profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Drury
- ReThink Health, Bainbridge Island, WA, United States.,Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
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Effects of Water-Based Aerobic Interval Training in Patients With COPD: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2019; 39:105-111. [PMID: 30720640 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease promotes systemic repercussions, which can be minimized with physical exercise. This study investigated the effects of a water-based aerobic interval training program on the autonomic modulation of heart rate (HR), quality of life (QoL), and functional capacity (FC) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS Nineteen patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial and allocated to either the usual care group (n = 9) or training group (n = 10). Before and after 24 sessions of water-based physical training, the patients underwent evaluation of autonomic modulation of HR by analyzing the HR variability, QoL using the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, and FC using 6-min walk test distance. RESULTS The results showed significant improvement when comparing the variables of HR variability, QoL, and FC in the training group in the pre- and post-training conditions (P < .05). In the usual care group, there was no significant difference for any of the variables. Negative correlations were found between HR variability and QoL (r =-0. 55; P = .01) and 6-min walk test distance and QoL (r =-0.49; P = .02). CONCLUSION Water-based physical training promoted beneficial adaptations in the autonomic modulation of HR, QoL, and FC of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Ferreira Junior A, Schamne JC, Altimari LR, Okano AH, Okuno NM. Effect of walk training combined with blood flow restriction on resting heart rate variability and resting blood pressure in middle-aged men. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201900020005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Pradnya D, Nalini A, Nagarathna R, Raju TR, Sendhilkumar R, Meghana A, Sathyaprabha TN. Effect of Yoga as an Add-on Therapy in the Modulation of Heart Rate Variability in Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Yoga 2019; 12:55-61. [PMID: 30692784 PMCID: PMC6329227 DOI: 10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_12_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Duchene muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscular disorder. Cardiac disorder is the second-most common cause of death in children with DMD, with 10%–20% of them dying of cardiac failure. Heart rate variability (HRV) is shown to be a predictor of cardio-autonomic function. Physiotherapy (PT) is advised for these children as a regular treatment for maintaining their functional status. The effect of yogic practices on the cardio-autonomic functions has been demonstrated in various neurological conditions and may prove beneficial in DMD. Materials and Methods: In this study, 124 patients with DMD were randomized to PT alone or PT with yoga intervention. Home-based PT and yoga were advised. Adherence was serially assessed at a follow-up interval of 3 months. Error-free, electrocardiogram was recorded in all patients at rest in the supine position. HRV parameters were computed in time and frequency domains. HRV was recorded at baseline and at an interval of 3 months up to 1 year. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze longitudinal follow-up and least significant difference for post hoc analysis and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In our study, with PT protocol, standard deviation of NN, root of square mean of successive NN, total power, low frequency, high-frequency normalized units (HFnu), and sympathovagal balance improved at varying time points and the improvement lasted up for 6–9 months, whereas PT and yoga protocol showed an improvement in HFnu during the last 3 months of the study period and all the other parameters were stable up to 1 year. Thus, it is evident that both the groups improved cardiac functions in DMD. However, no significant difference was noted in the changes observed between the groups. Conclusion: The intense PT and PT with yoga, particularly home-based program, is indeed beneficial as a therapeutic strategy in DMD children to maintain and/or to sustain HRV in DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhargave Pradnya
- Physiotherapy Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Atchayaram Nalini
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Trichur R Raju
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ragupathy Sendhilkumar
- Physiotherapy Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Adoor Meghana
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Talakad N Sathyaprabha
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Ghardashi-Afousi A, Holisaz MT, Shirvani H, Pishgoo B. The effects of low-volume high-intensity interval versus moderate intensity continuous training on heart rate variability, and hemodynamic and echocardiography indices in men after coronary artery bypass grafting: A randomized clinical trial study. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2018; 14:260-271. [PMID: 31143227 PMCID: PMC6527148 DOI: 10.22122/arya.v14i6.1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV) declines after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training (LV-HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on HRV as well as, hemodynamic and echocardiography indices. METHODS Forty-two men after CABG (55.12 ± 3.97 years) were randomly assigned into LV-HIIT, MICT, and control (CTL) groups. The exercise training in LV-HIIT consisted of 2-minute interval at 85-95 percent of maximal heart rate (HRmax), 2-minute interval at 50% of HRmax and 40-minute interval at 70% of HRmax in MICT for three sessions in a week, for 6-weeks. HRV parameters were evaluated by 24-hour Holter electrocardiography (ECG) recording, and echocardiography parameters at baseline and end of intervention were measured in all 3 groups. RESULTS At the end of the intervention, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) significantly increased in LV-HIIT group (58.53 ± 7.26 percent) compared with MICT (52.26 ± 7.91 percent) and CTL (49.68 ± 7.27 percent) groups (P < 0.001). Furthermore, mean R-R interval, root mean square successive difference (RMSSD) of R-R interval, and standard deviation of R-R interval (SDRR) in LV-HIIT group considerably increased compared with MICT group (P < 0.001). High-frequency power (HF) significantly increased in LV-HIIT and MICT groups compared with CTL group (P < 0.001). On the other hand, low frequency (LF) and LF/HF ratio significantly decreased in LV-HIIT group in comparison with MICT group (P < 0.010). CONCLUSION These results suggest that LV-HIIT has a greater effect on improvement of cardiac autonomic activities by increasing R-R interval, SDRR, RMSSD, and HF, and decreasing LF and LF/HF ratio in patients after CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ghardashi-Afousi
- PhD Candidate, Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Exercise Sciences, University of Tehran AND Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Holisaz
- Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shirvani
- Assistant Professor, Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Pishgoo
- Associate Professor, Atherosclerosis Research Center, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Value of Assessing Autonomic Nervous Function by Heart Rate Variability and Heart Rate Turbulence in Hypertensive Patients. Int J Hypertens 2018; 2018:4067601. [PMID: 30405909 PMCID: PMC6204178 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4067601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the relationship between blood pressure control and autonomic nervous function assessing by heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate turbulence (HRT) in hypertensive patients. Methods A total of 120 consecutive hypertensive patients and 80 nonhypertensive patients (N-HP group) were enrolled in this study. The hypertensive patients were divided into controlled blood pressure and uncontrolled blood pressure groups according to their blood pressure on admission. All subjects underwent 24-hour Holter monitoring. This study compared HRV and HRT in nonhypertensive and hypertensive patients and hypertensive patients with controlled and uncontrolled blood pressure. HRV parameters include square root of mean of the sum of squares of successive NN interval differences (rMSSD), number of successive NN intervals differing by > 50ms divided by the total number of successive NN intervals (pNN50), very low frequency (VLF) at frequency between 0.0033 and 0.04 Hz, low frequency (LF) at frequency between 0.04 and 0.15 Hz, and high frequency (HF) at frequency between 0.15 and 0.4 Hz. Turbulence slope (TS) belongs to HRT parameters. Results TS, rMSSD, pNN50, VLF, LF, and HF values were significantly lower in the HP group than in the N-HP group. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that reduced TS, rMSSD, pNN50, LF, and HF values were risk factors of hypertension. TS, rMSSD, pNN50, VLF, LF, and HF values were significantly lower in hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure than in hypertensive patients with controlled blood pressure. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that reduced TS, rMSSD, pNN50, VLF, LF, and HF values were risk factors for uncontrolled blood pressure. Conclusions This study indicates impaired autonomic nervous function in hypertensive patients, especially in hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure despite guideline recommended antihypertensive medications.
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Kuo G, Chen SW, Huang JY, Wu CY, Fu CM, Chang CH, Liu SH, Chan YH, Wu IW, Yang HY. Short-term heart rate variability as a predictor of long-term survival in patients with chronic hemodialysis: A prospective cohort study. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 117:1058-1064. [PMID: 30293929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV), a non-invasive measurement of the sympathetic-vagal balance, has been demonstrated as a predictor of long-term survival in various patient populations. However, its predictive value in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has not been evaluated in a long-term follow-up study. METHODS Prospective data collected for 41 patients with chronic hemodialysis (age 59 ± 10 years, men 51.3%, diabetes mellitus 31%, and duration of dialysis 64 ± 50 months) who underwent a 5-minute electrocardiogram (ECG) recording as a baseline for frequency domain HRV analysis. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 150.2 months from 2003 to 2014, 15 (35.7%) patients died (3 due to cardiac causes and 12 due to non-cardiac causes). The Cox proportional hazards model suggested that the low frequency versus high frequency signal (LF/HF) of a high ratio for the HRV and diabetes mellitus were two independent predictors of mortality (hazard ratios 3.028 and 3.494; p = 0.033 and 0.022, respectively). Less reduction in MAP during dialysis showed borderline significance of long-term survival than those with larger drop (p = 0.058). CONCLUSION A short ECG recording and an analysis of the frequency domain of the HRV is clinically predictive of the long-term survival of patients with chronic hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kuo
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Szi-Wen Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yi Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yi Wu
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Su-Hsun Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Chan
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Abreu RMD, Rehder-Santos P, Simões RP, Catai AM. Can high-intensity interval training change cardiac autonomic control? A systematic review. Braz J Phys Ther 2018; 23:279-289. [PMID: 30293954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High intensity interval training (HIIT) has been used as a cardiovascular exercise strategy to promote greater adherence in cardiovascular rehabilitation. However, little is known about the effect of this training modality on cardiac autonomic control. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review to evaluate the effects of HIIT on cardiac autonomic responses in humans. METHODS PEDro, SCOPUS and PubMed were searched from the inception to March 29th, 2018. Moreover, the methodological quality and statistical reporting from all eligible clinical trials were assessed by the PEDro scale. The articles were eligible if: The primary objective was related to the effects of HIIT on the cardiac autonomic nervous system. Outcomes evaluated were indirect measures of cardiac autonomic control, represented by HRV indexes. RESULTS The search strategies resulted in 339 citations and 2 additional citations were identified through other sources. After deleting the duplicate articles and revising the full text, 6 articles were included. Overall, the results showed an improvement in parasympathetic and/or sympathetic modulation after HIIT, when evaluated by linear and non-linear indexes of HRV. CONCLUSIONS HIIT is a promising tool to improve the cardiac autonomic control, with more recommendation in healthy individuals and patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Martins de Abreu
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Rehder-Santos
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Polaquini Simões
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Aparecida Maria Catai
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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The Effects of Passive Simulated Jogging on Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in a Heterogeneous Group of Human Subjects. JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2018; 2018:4340925. [PMID: 30402499 PMCID: PMC6191954 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4340925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects neural balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous systems (ANS). Reduced HRV occurs in several chronic diseases and physical inactivity. External addition of pulses to the circulation restores HRV. A new method to add pulses to the circulation can be accomplished with a passive simulated jogging device (JD). We hypothesized that application of JD might increase HRV in seated and supine postures in a heterogeneous group of volunteer subjects. Methods Twenty ambulatory persons (age range 31-88) were recruited. The physical activity intervention (JD) moved the feet in a repetitive and alternating manner; upward movement of the pedal is followed by a downward movement of the forefoot tapping against a semirigid bumper to simulate tapping of feet against the ground during jogging. Each subject underwent four, 30 min sessions in seated and supine postures with the active JD and same with Sham. HRV was assessed at baseline (BL), and Recovery (REC) from analysis of an electrocardiogram. Time domain variables were computed, namely, standard deviation of all normal RR intervals (SDNN) and square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD). Frequency domain measures were determined using a standard Fast Fourier spectral analysis, as well as parameters of Poincaré plots. Results Thirty minutes of JD significantly increased time domain measures and Poincaré parameters of HRV in both seated and supine postures. Frequency domain parameters showed no change. The effects of JD on HRV measures were not affected by age, gender, or posture. Conclusion The passive simulated jogging device increased HRV in both seated and supine postures. This intervention that provided effortless physical activity is a novel method to harness the beneficial effects of increasing HRV.
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115
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Uryga A, Burzyńska M, Tabakow P, Kasprowicz M, Budohoski KP, Kazimierska A, Smielewski P, Czosnyka M, Goździk W. Baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability are predictors of mortality in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurol Sci 2018; 394:112-119. [PMID: 30245190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECT We aimed to investigate the link between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) impairment, assessed using baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and heart rate variability (HRV) indices, and mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). METHODS A total of 57 patients (56 ± 18 years) diagnosed with aSAH were retrospectively enrolled in the study, where 25% of patients died in the hospital. BRS was calculated using a modified cross-correlation method. Time- and frequency-domain HRV indices were calculated from a time-series of systolic peak intervals of arterial blood pressure signals. Additionally, cerebral autoregulation (CA) was assessed using the mean velocity index (Mxa), where Mxa > 0 indicates impaired CA. RESULTS Both BRS and HRV indices were lower in non-survivors than in survivors. The patients with disturbed BRS and HRV had more extensive haemorrhage in the H-H scale (p = .040) and were more likely to die (p = .013) when compared to patients with the intact ANS. The logistic regression model for mortality included: the APACHE II score (p = .002; OR 0.794) and the normalised high frequency power of the HRV (p < <.001; OR 0.636). A positive relationship was found between the Mxa and BRS (R = 0.48, p = .003), which suggests that increasing BRS is moderately strongly associated with worsening CA. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that lower values of HRV indices and BRS correlate with mortality and that there is a link between cerebral dysautoregulation and the analysed estimates of the ANS in aSAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Uryga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Burzyńska
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Tabakow
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kasprowicz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karol P Budohoski
- Brain Physics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Agnieszka Kazimierska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Peter Smielewski
- Brain Physics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marek Czosnyka
- Brain Physics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Institute of Electronic Systems, Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Goździk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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116
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Wongwilairat K, Buranruk O, Eungpinichpong W, Puntumetakul R, Kantharadussadee-Triamchaisri S. Muscle stretching with deep and slow breathing patterns: a pilot study for therapeutic development. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 16:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2017-0167/jcim-2017-0167.xml. [PMID: 30133419 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2017-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic neck pain is frequently found in office workers affecting quality of life; also, stress is one participating factor. Though stretching incorporating deep-slow breathing (DSB) has benefits on health, an effective and suitable technique for office workers to perform in the workplace is a gap in need of fulfilment. Methods We explored the effective pattern of stretching with DSB to reduce neck tension and promote relaxation within the shortest time. Thirty-two female participants with neck tension were allocated into two steps totaling five patterns (n=8 for each pattern). Firstly, they performed two patterns; two other patterns were developed and compared with DSB alone. Muscle tension, pain score, and heart rate variability (HRV) were immediately measured. Results All patterns performed with the eyes closed decreased muscle tension more than those performed with the eyes open; the pain amid all stretching groups subsequently decreased. Only a bout of slow stretching, performed synchronously with the eyes closed along with a period of deep inhalation increased the parasympathetic activity of HRV; an increase in pain was reported after stretching. Conclusions A slowed and synchronized pattern between stretching with DSB and eyes closed period, performed at least four times repeatedly rendered benefits in reducing neck pain and tension, in addition to promoting relaxation within a short period; however, the DSB pattern and the feeling of the stretched muscle to promote relaxation were individual differences. Thus, future studies should come up with apposite training methods adjusted to fit individuals; self-awareness toward these aspects ought to be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulwarang Wongwilairat
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Orawan Buranruk
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wichai Eungpinichpong
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Rungthip Puntumetakul
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Somporn Kantharadussadee-Triamchaisri
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Public Health, Chalermkanchana University, Si Sa Ket, Thailand.,Research Center in Back, Neck, Other Joint Pain and Human Performance (BNOJPH), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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117
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Weenk M, Alken AP, Engelen LJ, Bredie SJ, van de Belt TH, van Goor H. Stress measurement in surgeons and residents using a smart patch. Am J Surg 2018; 216:361-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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118
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Jiménez Morgan S, Molina Mora JA. Effect of Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback on Sport Performance, a Systematic Review. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2018; 42:235-245. [PMID: 28573597 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-017-9364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim is to determine if the training with heart rate variability biofeedback allows to improve performance in athletes of different disciplines. Methods such as database search on Web of Science, SpringerLink, EBSCO Academic Search Complete, SPORTDiscus, Pubmed/Medline, and PROQUEST Academic Research Library, as well as manual reference registration. The eligibility criteria were: (a) published scientific articles; (b) experimental studies, quasi-experimental, or case reports; (c) use of HRV BFB as main treatment; (d) sport performance as dependent variable; (e) studies published until October 2016; (f) studies published in English, Spanish, French or Portuguese. The guidelines of the PRISMA statement were followed. Out of the 451 records found, seven items were included. All studies had a small sample size (range from 1 to 30 participants). In 85.71% of the studies (n = 6) the athletes enhanced psychophysiological variables that allowed them to improve their sport performance thanks to training with heart rate variability biofeedback. Despite the limited amount of experimental studies in the field to date, the findings suggest that heart rate variability biofeedback is an effective, safe, and easy-to-learn and apply method for both athletes and coaches in order to improve sport performance.
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119
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Casad BJ, Petzel ZW. Heart Rate Variability Moderates Challenge and Threat Reactivity to Sexism Among Women in STEM. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. Using a biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat, we tested resting heart rate variability (HRV) as a moderator of physiological reactivity after experiencing sexism. Women science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) majors participated in a mock interview in which the male interviewer made a sexist or neutral comment. Resting HRV moderated physiological stress reactivity among women in the sexism condition, but not control, indicating lower resting HRV predicted greater physiological threat than challenge and higher resting HRV predicted greater physiological challenge than threat during the interview. These findings support the emotion regulation properties of HRV as applied to a biopsychosocial model of challenge and threat. Higher resting HRV may be adaptive for women experiencing sexism in male-dominated contexts like STEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina J. Casad
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zachary W. Petzel
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, MO, USA
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120
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O'Driscoll JM, Wright SM, Taylor KA, Coleman DA, Sharma R, Wiles JD. Cardiac autonomic and left ventricular mechanics following high intensity interval training: a randomized crossover controlled study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:1030-1040. [PMID: 29952247 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00056.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Short duration high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve important health parameters. The aim of the present study was to assess the combined adaptations of the cardiac autonomic nervous system and myocardial functional and mechanical parameters to HIIT. Forty physically inactive and highly sedentary men completed two weeks of HIIT and control period. The HIIT protocol consisted of 3 × 30-s maximal cycle ergometer sprints against a resistance of 7.5% body weight, interspersed with 2 min of active recovery. Total power spectral density (PSD) and associated low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) power spectral components of heart rate variability were recorded. Conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography recorded left ventricular (LV) structural, functional, and mechanical parameters. HIIT produced a significant increase in total log-transformed (ln) PSD and ln HF and a significant decrease in LF/HF ratio (all P < 0.05) compared with the control period. HIIT produced significant improvements in LV diastolic function, including lateral E', estimated filling pressure (E/E' ratio), E deceleration time, and isovolumetric relaxation time ( P < 0.05 for all). Fractional shortening was the only conventional marker of LV systolic function to significantly improve ( P < 0.05). In this setting, there were significant improvements in global peak systolic strain rate, early and late diastolic strain rate, and early to late diastolic strain rate ratio, as well as apical rotation, apical systolic and diastolic rotation velocity, apical radial and circumferential strain and strain rate, LV torsion, and LV systolic and diastolic torsion velocity (all P < 0.05). A short-term program of HIIT was associated with a significant increase in cardiac autonomic modulation, demonstrated by a residual increase in cardiac vagal activity as well as significantly improved cardiac function and mechanics. This study demonstrates that HIIT may be an important stimulus to reduce the health implications associated with physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to measure the combined adaptations of the cardiac autonomic nervous system and myocardial function and mechanics following high-intensity interval training (HIIT). This study demonstrates that a 2-wk HIIT intervention provides significant improvements in cardiac autonomic modulation and myocardial function and mechanics in a large cohort of young physically inactive and highly sedentary individuals. HIIT may be a powerful stimulus to reduce the health implications associated with physical inactivity and sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M O'Driscoll
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University , Kent , United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, St. George's Healthcare National Health Service Trust , London , United Kingdom
| | - Steven M Wright
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University , Kent , United Kingdom
| | - Katrina A Taylor
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University , Kent , United Kingdom
| | - Damian A Coleman
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University , Kent , United Kingdom
| | - Rajan Sharma
- Department of Cardiology, St. George's Healthcare National Health Service Trust , London , United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan D Wiles
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University , Kent , United Kingdom
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121
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Herbell K, Zauszniewski JA. Reducing Psychological Stress in Peripartum Women With Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback: A Systematic Review. J Holist Nurs 2018; 37:273-285. [PMID: 29944076 DOI: 10.1177/0898010118783030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Peripartum women are exposed to a variety of stressors that have adverse health consequences for the maternal-child dyad (e.g., impaired bonding). To combat these adverse health consequences, heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVBF) may be implemented by holistic nurses to aid peripartum women experiencing a high level of stress. A systematic review was completed using the guidelines established in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. To be included in the review, studies had to meet the following criteria: (a) published scientific articles, (b) studies published in English, (c) experimental, quasi-experimental, or case reports, (d) use of HRVBF as the main treatment, (e) use of psychological stress as a dependent variable, and (f) studies published until December 2017. The major findings of this review can be described as follows: (a) HRVBF and psychological stress in peripartum women are related concepts, (b) peripartum women who completed HRVBF report a reduction in stress compared with participants who did not receive HRVBF, and (c) there is currently no information on the effectiveness of HRVBF on psychological stress in the first and early second trimester of pregnancy. Overall, this systematic review of the literature provides objective evidence that HRVBF may be a potential beneficial adjuvant treatment for stress management in peripartum women.
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122
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Chen Y, Yu Y, Zou W, Zhang M, Wang Y, Gu Y. Association between cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction and the severity of coronary lesions in patients with stable coronary artery disease. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:3729-3740. [PMID: 29936852 PMCID: PMC6135996 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518778416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Autonomic dysfunction is recognized in patients with coronary artery disease
(CAD) and is related to worse cardiovascular outcome. This study aimed to
evaluate cardiac autonomic nervous function by heart rate recovery (HRR) and
heart rate variability (HRV), and demonstrate their relationship with the
severity of coronary lesions in patients with stable CAD (SCAD). Methods Consecutive patients without CAD (controls, n = 65) and those with SCAD
(n = 63) were included in this study. Patients with SCAD were further
divided into single- or two-/three-vessel disease, as well as <70% or
≥70% stenosis subgroups. The association between HRR/HRV and coronary
lesions was analysed. Results HRR and HRV values were significantly lower in the SCAD group compared with
the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that
abnormal HRR and HRV were risk factors of SCAD. Moreover, delayed HRR was a
risk factor of the severity of coronary lesions. Conclusions Our results show that autonomic function is impaired in patients with SCAD
and delayed HRR is closely related to the severity of coronary lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yijun Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wusong Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Puai Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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123
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Turri-Silva N, Garner DM, Moosavi SH, Ricci-Vitor AL, Christofaro DGD, Netto Junior J, Vanzella LM, Vanderlei LCM. Effects of resistance training protocols on nonlinear analysis of heart rate variability in metabolic syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7459. [PMID: 29898035 PMCID: PMC6002142 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the various standard non-linear measurements used in autonomic modulation
(AM) assessments usually being applied to long time-series, such analyses can
sometimes be applied to shorter term series. To overcome this disadvantage,
chaotic global methods were formulated by putting together heart rate
variability (HRV) linear methods. Chaos provides information about vegetative
function control related to cardiovascular risks. Applying this method can be
useful to investigate the complexity of the health condition after resistance
training protocols, as a therapeutic intervention in AM in metabolic syndrome
individuals (MetS). This study aimed to compare the effects of two resistance
training programs (conventional vs functional) in MetS using
nonlinear analysis of AM. MetS subjects (n=50) of both sexes aged 40 to 60 years
were randomly divided into two programs; a group of 12 people served as a
control group. Both groups performed 30 sessions of training. AM was assessed in
the chaos domain by chaotic global techniques. The main results showed that both
resistance training, functional and conventional, increased chaos when compared
to the control group, respectively, observed by chaotic forward parameter (CFP)1
(13.9±17.9 vs 12.8±14.4 vs -2.23±7.96; P≤0.05)
and CFP3 (15.4±19.8 vs 21.9±13.2 vs
-4.82±11.4; P≤0.05). In addition, 30 sessions of both
resistance programs increased chaos, and non-linear analysis enabled
discrimination of AM after interventions when compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Turri-Silva
- Departmento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Câmpus de Presidente Prudente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - D M Garner
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S H Moosavi
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A L Ricci-Vitor
- Departmento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Câmpus de Presidente Prudente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - D G D Christofaro
- Departmento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Câmpus de Presidente Prudente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - J Netto Junior
- Departmento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Câmpus de Presidente Prudente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - L M Vanzella
- Departmento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Câmpus de Presidente Prudente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
| | - L C M Vanderlei
- Departmento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Câmpus de Presidente Prudente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
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Murdock KW, Zilioli S, Ziauddin K, Heijnen CJ, Fagundes CP. Attachment and telomere length: more evidence for psychobiological connections between close relationships, health, and aging. J Behav Med 2018; 41:333-343. [PMID: 29067540 PMCID: PMC5916749 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-017-9895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with a history of poor interpersonal relationships are more likely to demonstrate negative health outcomes than those who have had high quality relationships. We sought to evaluate how attachment orientations, stress-induced respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and self-reported stress were associated with length of telomeres measured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Participants (N = 213) completed self-report measures of attachment and stress. Measurement of RSA was conducted before and after a stressful task and a blood draw was completed for analysis of telomere length. Attachment orientations were not directly associated with telomere length; however, we found that high attachment anxiety was associated with shorter length of telomeres via high self-reported stress. Attachment avoidance was also associated with telomere length via self-reported stress, but only among those with high stress-induced RSA. Exploratory analyses of T cell subsets indicated that stress was most strongly associated with telomeres from CD8CD28+ cells in comparison to CD8CD28- and CD4 cells. Study findings indicate that attachment orientations are associated with telomere length via stress, providing novel insights into the mechanisms through which close relationships can impact health and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W Murdock
- Department of Psychology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, 219 Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Samuele Zilioli
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Cobi J Heijnen
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher P Fagundes
- Department of Psychology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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125
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Novaković M, Prokšelj K, Rajkovič U, Vižintin Cuderman T, Janša Trontelj K, Fras Z, Jug B. Exercise training in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: A randomized controlled pilot study of continuous versus interval training. Int J Cardiol 2018; 255:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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126
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Hernando D, Garatachea N, Almeida R, Casajús JA, Bailón R. Validation of Heart Rate Monitor Polar RS800 for Heart Rate Variability Analysis During Exercise. J Strength Cond Res 2018; 32:716-725. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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127
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Zhong H, Eungpinichpong W, Wang X, Chatchawan U, Wanpen S, Buranruk O. Effects of mechanical-bed massage on exercise-induced back fatigue in athletes. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:365-372. [PMID: 29581653 PMCID: PMC5857440 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The study aimed to preliminarily investigate the effects of mechanical-bed massage on exercise-induced back fatigue in athletes. [Subjects and Methods] Twelve male college athletes, randomly allocated to experimental or control groups, were instructed to perform reverse sit-up for 8 sessions until they became fatigued. The experimental group received a 20-min mechanical-bed massage session, while the control group rested on a bed for the same period of time. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) on perceived back muscle fatigue, back muscle endurance, and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) parameters including stress index (SI), HRV index, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, LF, HF, and LF/HF were analyzed. [Results] Immediately and 24 hours after the intervention, the VAS significantly differed between the groups. Experimental group's HF was significantly higher immediately after the intervention than control group. Experimental group's LF and LF/HF were significantly lower immediately after the intervention than the control group. [Conclusion] Mechanical bed massage may help athletes overcome the subjective feelings of exercise-induced fatigue, modulate the automatic nervous system activity, especially for balancing sympathetic and parasympathetic activities. Therefore, mechanical bed massage may facilitate recovery from muscle and central fatigue after athlete training or competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houyong Zhong
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen
University: Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Faculty of Physical Education Gannan Normal University,
China
- Research Center in Back, Neck, and Other Joint Pain and
Human Performance, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Wichai Eungpinichpong
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen
University: Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Research Center in Back, Neck, and Other Joint Pain and
Human Performance, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
- Research and Training Center for Enhancing Quality of Life
of Working-Age People, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Xingze Wang
- Faculty of Physical Education Gannan Normal University,
China
| | - Uraiwon Chatchawan
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen
University: Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sawitri Wanpen
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen
University: Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Orawan Buranruk
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen
University: Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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128
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El-Kotob R, Craven BC, Mathur S, Ditor DS, Oh P, Miyatani M, Verrier MC. Assessing Heart Rate Variability As a Surrogate Measure of Cardiac Autonomic Function in Chronic Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2018; 24:28-36. [PMID: 29434458 DOI: 10.1310/sci17-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although cardiac autonomic dysfunction is a contributing factor for cardiovascular disease development in individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI), it remains poorly understood. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis has the potential to non-invasively assess the cardiac autonomic nervous system. The study objectives are (a) to determine if there are differences in HRV measures across neurological level of impairment (NLI) and American Spinal Cord Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) subgroups, and (b) to determine if there is a relationship between HRV frequency measures (low frequency [LF] and high frequency [HF]) at rest. Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of a primary data set from a published cross-sectional study of electrocardiogram recordings of 56 subjects (44 men and 12 women, mean age ± SD = 46.75 ± 12.44 years) with a chronic traumatic SCI (C1-T12, AIS A-D, ≥2 years post injury). HRV was analyzed using time and frequency domain measures. Results: There were no significant HRV differences across NLI and AIS subgroups. The LF and HF indices were positively correlated in the entire sample (r = 0.708, p < .0001) and among impairment subgroups. Conclusion: No differences were observed in the HRV time and frequency measures when compared across NLI and AIS subgroups. The results were considered inconclusive, since possible explanations include inadequate sample size as well as other physiological considerations. A positive correlation was found between LF and HF when assessed at rest. The relationship between LF and HF may not necessarily represent a rebalanced autonomic nervous system, but it does question the utility of solely measuring LF:HF at rest in persons with chronic SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha El-Kotob
- University Health Network, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Lyndhurst Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - B Catharine Craven
- University Health Network, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Lyndhurst Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sunita Mathur
- University Health Network, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S Ditor
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Oh
- University Health Network, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Rumsey Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masae Miyatani
- University Health Network, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Lyndhurst Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary C Verrier
- University Health Network, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Lyndhurst Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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129
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Stanić I, Smoljo T, Barun B, Habek M. Influence of resistance exercise on autonomic nervous system and sleep. MEDICINSKI PODMLADAK 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/mp69-18103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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130
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Provan SA, Olstad DS, Solberg EE, Smedslund G, Dagfinrud H. Evidence of reduced parasympathetic autonomic regulation in inflammatory joint disease: A meta-analyses study. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2017; 48:134-140. [PMID: 29291895 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) are inflammatory joint disorders (IJD) with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Autonomic dysfunction (AD) is a risk factor for CVD, and parasympathetic AD is linked to key features of IJD such as inflammation, physical inactivity and pain. Heart-rate variability (HRV) is a marker of cardiac AD. The study objective was to compare parasympathetic cardiac AD, measured by HRV, between patients with IJD and healthy controls, using meta-analysis methodology, and to examine the impact of inflammation, physical inactivity and pain on HRV in IJD. METHODS Medline, Embase and Amed were searched. Inclusion criteria were adult case-control studies published in English or a Scandinavian language, presenting HRV data in IJD. Two measures of HRV and 3 from the Ewing protocol were selected: square root of mean squared difference of successive R-R intervals (RMSSD), high frequency (HF), Ewing protocol; standing (E-S), breathing (E-B) and Valsalva (E-V). Patients with RA, SpA and healthy controls were compared separately using random-effects meta-analyses of standardized mean differences (SMD). RESULTS In all, 35 papers were eligible for inclusion. For RMSSD the pooled SMD (95% CI) RA vs. controls was -0.90 (-1.35 to -0.44), for SpA vs. controls; -0.34 (-0.73 to 0.06). For HF pooled SMD RA vs. controls was -0.78 (-0.99 to -0.57), for SpA vs. controls; -0.04 (-0.22 to 0.13). All Ewing parameters were significantly lower in cases, except for E-V which was comparable between cases and controls in patients with RA. CONCLUSION Patients with IJD have cardiac parasympathetic AD which is related to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sella A Provan
- Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, PB 23 Vindern, 0319 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Daniela Schäfer Olstad
- Department of Rheumatology, National Resource Centre for Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik E Solberg
- Department of Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Smedslund
- Department of Rheumatology, National Resource Centre for Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne Dagfinrud
- Department of Rheumatology, National Resource Centre for Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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131
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Exercise therapy and autonomic function in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart Fail Rev 2017; 23:91-108. [DOI: 10.1007/s10741-017-9662-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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132
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Physical activity and autoimmune diseases: Get moving and manage the disease. Autoimmun Rev 2017; 17:53-72. [PMID: 29108826 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity, by definition, is any skeletal muscle body movement that results in energy expenditure. In the last few decades, a plethora of scientific evidences have accumulated and confirmed the beneficial role of physical activity as a modifiable risk factor for a wide variety of chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes mellitus and cancer, among others. Autoimmune diseases are a heterogeneous group of chronic diseases, which occur secondary to loss of self-antigen tolerance. With the advent of biological therapies, better outcomes have recently been noted in the management of autoimmune diseases. Nonetheless, recent research highlights the salient role of modifiable behaviors such as physical inactivity on various aspects of the immune system and autoimmune diseases. Physical activity leads to a significant elevation in T-regulatory cells, decreased immunoglobulin secretion and produces a shift in the Th1/Th2 balance to a decreased Th1 cell production. Moreover, physical activity has been proven to promote the release of IL-6 from muscles. IL-6 released from muscles functions as a myokine and has been shown to induce an anti-inflammatory response through IL-10 secretion and IL-1β inhibition. Physical activity has been shown to be safe in most of autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), as well as others. Additionally, the incidence of RA, MS, IBD and psoriasis has been found to be higher in patients less engaged in physical activity. As a general trend, patients with autoimmune diseases tend to be less physically active as compared to the general population. Physically active RA patients were found to have a milder disease course, better cardiovascular disease (CVD) profile, and improved joint mobility. Physical activity decreases fatigue, enhances mood, cognitive abilities and mobility in patients with MS. In SLE patients, enhanced quality of life and better CVD profile were documented in more physically active patients. Physically active patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus have a decreased risk of autonomic neuropathy and CVD. Both fibromyalgia and systemic sclerosis patients report decreased disease severity, pain, as well as better quality of life with more physical activity. Further, SSc patients improve their grip strength, finger stretching and mouth opening with increased level of exercise. The purpose of this paper is to review the clinical evidence regarding the safety, barriers to engagement, and impact of physical activity on autoimmune diseases.
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133
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Khanade K, Sasangohar F. Efficacy of Using Heart Rate Measurements as an Indicator to Monitor Anxiety Disorders: A Scoping Literature Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1541931213601927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent disorder affecting veterans, first responders, children and others who have experienced traumatic events. Heart rate measures like resting heart rates along with heart rate accelerations are important measures to monitor the changes in the state of PTSD and other related disorders. A scoping review was conducted to investigate the efficacy of using heart rate (HR) measurements as reliable indicator for assessment of PTSD and other anxiety-related disorders. Findings show that while Heart Rate Variability (HRV) may provide a more robust measurement of PTSD and other anxiety-related symptoms, heart rate accelerations in response to traumatic reminders are reliable indicators. Changes in resting or basal heart rates show promise in long-term monitoring of PTSD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Khanade
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Farzan Sasangohar
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
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134
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Villafaina S, Collado-Mateo D, Fuentes JP, Merellano-Navarro E, Gusi N. Physical Exercise Improves Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Curr Diab Rep 2017; 17:110. [PMID: 28942507 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-017-0941-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of the present systematic review is to provide an up-to-date analysis of the research on the effects of exercise programs on heart rate variability (HRV) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). An electronic search of the literature (PubMed, PEDro and Web of Science) was performed. "HRV", "heart rate variability", "exercise", "physical" and "diabetes" were the terms used for article retrieval. Lastly, 15 articles were selected. PRISMA methodology was employed and data were extracted according to the PICOS approach. RECENT FINDINGS Although HRV is not routinely measured in the management of T2DM, it is an important measure due to its relation with mortality and diabetic neuropathy. Physical exercise has become a therapy for T2DM, because it improves physical fitness and functional capacity, enhances metabolic control and insulin sensitivity, reduces inflammatory markers and neuropathy symptoms and can increase the regenerative capacity of cutaneous axons, slowing or preventing neuropathy progression. However, it is not clear to what extent physical exercise can improve HRV in this population. Participation in the 15 selected studies was similar in men and women (48.01% men and 51.99% women). All the intervention programs included aerobic training, and it was complemented by strength training in four studies. Duration of physical exercise sessions ranged between 30 and 75 min, the frequency being between 2 and 7 days/week. Statistically significant improvements in groups with diabetes, relative to baseline, were observed in nine studies. More than 3 days per week of aerobic training, complemented by strength training, during at least 3 months seems to improve HRV in T2DM. Weekly frequency might be the most important factor to improve HRV. These aspects could help to design better programs based in scientific evidence, incorporating HRV as an important variable associated with diabetic neuropathy and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santos Villafaina
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Av. De Universidad s/n, 10003, Caceres, Spain.
| | - Daniel Collado-Mateo
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Av. De Universidad s/n, 10003, Caceres, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro Fuentes
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Av. De Universidad s/n, 10003, Caceres, Spain
| | | | - Narcis Gusi
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Av. De Universidad s/n, 10003, Caceres, Spain
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135
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Mikkelsen K, Stojanovska L, Polenakovic M, Bosevski M, Apostolopoulos V. Exercise and mental health. Maturitas 2017; 106:48-56. [PMID: 29150166 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the positive effects of exercise on mood states such as anxiety, stress and depression, through physiological and biochemical mechanisms, including endorphins, mitochondria, mammalian target of rapamycin, neurotransmitters and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and via the thermogenic hypothesis. In addition, psychological mechanisms influence the effects of exercise on mood states, as suggested by both the distraction hypothesis and the self-efficacy hypothesis. Exercise has also been shown to reduce inflammation via several different processes (inflammation, cytokines, toll-like receptors, adipose tissue and via the vagal tone), which can contribute to better health outcomes in people suffering from mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Mikkelsen
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lily Stojanovska
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
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136
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Bhati P, Bansal V, Moiz JA. Comparison of different volumes of high intensity interval training on cardiac autonomic function in sedentary young women. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2017; 31:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2017-0073/ijamh-2017-0073.xml. [PMID: 28837421 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The present study was conducted to compare the effects of low volume of high intensity interval training (LVHIIT) and high volume of high intensity interval training (HVHIIT) on heart rate variability (HRV) as a primary outcome measure, and on maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), body composition, and lower limb muscle strength as secondary outcome measures, in sedentary young women. Methods Thirty-six participants were recruited in this study. The LVHIIT group (n = 17) performed one 4-min bout of treadmill running at 85%-95% maximum heart rate (HRmax), followed by 3 min of recovery by running at 70% HRmax, three times per week for 6 weeks. The HVHIIT group (n = 15) performed four times 4-min bouts of treadmill running at 85%-95% HRmax, interspersed with 3-min of recovery by running at 70% HRmax, 3 times per week for 6 weeks. All criterion measures were measured before and after training in both the groups. Results Due to attrition of four cases, data of 32 participants was used for analysis. A significant increase in high frequency (HF) power (p < 0.001) and decrease in the ratio of low frequency to high frequency power (LF/HF) ratio (p < 0.001) in HRV parameters, was observed post-HVHIIT, whereas, these variables did not change significantly (HF: p = 0.92, LF/HF ratio: p = 0.52) in LVHIIT group. Nevertheless, both the interventions proved equally effective in improving aerobic capacity (VO2max), body composition, and muscle strength. Conclusion The study results suggest that both LVHIIT and HVHIIT are equally effective in improving VO2max, body composition, and muscle strength, in sedentary young women. However, HVHIIT induces parasympathetic dominance as well, as measured by HRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Bhati
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Vishal Bansal
- Department of Physiology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007,India, Phone: +91-11-27402406
| | - Jamal Ali Moiz
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
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137
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Post-exercise hypotension and heart rate variability response after water- and land-ergometry exercise in hypertensive patients. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180216. [PMID: 28658266 PMCID: PMC5489191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND systemic arterial hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease; physical activity for hypertensive patients is related to several beneficial cardiovascular adaptations. This paper evaluated the effect of water- and land-ergometry exercise sessions on post-exercise hypotension (PEH) of healthy normotensive subjects versus treated or untreated hypertensive patients. METHODS Forty-five older women composed three experimental groups: normotensive (N, n = 10), treated hypertensive (TH, n = 15) and untreated hypertensive (UH, n = 20). The physical exercise acute session protocol was performed at 75% of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) for 45 minutes; systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MBP) blood pressure were evaluated at rest, peak and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 minutes after exercise cessation. Additionally, the heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed by R-R intervals in the frequency domain for the assessment of cardiac autonomic function. RESULTS In both exercise modalities, equivalent increases in SBP were observed from rest to peak exercise for all groups, and during recovery, significant PEH was noted. At 90 minutes after the exercise session, the prevalence of hypotension was significantly higher in water- than in the land-based protocol. Moreover, more pronounced reductions in SBP and DBP were observed in the UH patients compared to TH and N subjects. Finally, exercise in the water was more effective in restoring HRV during recovery, with greater effects in the untreated hypertensive group. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that water-ergometry exercise was able to induce expressive PEH and improve cardiac autonomic modulation in older normotensive, hypertensive treated or hypertensive untreated subjects when compared to conventional land-ergometry.
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138
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Jiang H, Zhang J, Wu J, Wei G, He Y, Gao X. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Correlates with Severity of Extracranial Carotid Stenosis—A Study Using Digital Subtraction Angiography. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017; 26:1182-1190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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139
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Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and carotid stiffness in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Clin Auton Res 2017; 27:185-192. [DOI: 10.1007/s10286-017-0411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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140
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Compostella L, Lorenzi S, Russo N, Setzu T, Compostella C, Vettore E, Isabella G, Tarantini G, Iliceto S, Bellotto F. Depressive symptoms, functional measures and long-term outcomes of high-risk ST-elevated myocardial infarction patients treated by primary angioplasty. Intern Emerg Med 2017; 12:31-43. [PMID: 27401331 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-016-1504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The presence of major depressive symptoms is usually considered a negative long-term prognostic factor after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI); however, most of the supporting research was conducted before the era of immediate reperfusion by percutaneous coronary intervention. The aims of this study are to evaluate if depression still retains long-term prognostic significance in our era of immediate coronary reperfusion, and to study possible correlations with clinical parameters of physical performance. In 184 patients with recent ST-elevated AMI (STEMI), treated by immediate reperfusion, moderate or severe depressive symptoms (evaluated by Beck Depression Inventory version I) were present in 10 % of cases. Physical performance was evaluated by two 6-min walk tests and by a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test: somatic/affective (but not cognitive/affective) symptoms of depression and perceived quality of life (evaluated by the EuroQoL questionnaire) are worse in patients with lower levels of physical performance. Follow-up was performed after a median of 29 months by means of telephone interviews; 32 major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurred. The presence of three vessels disease and low left ventricle ejection fraction are correlated with a greater incidence of MACE; only somatic/affective (but not cognitive/affective) symptoms of depression correlate with long-term outcomes. In patients with recent STEMI treated by immediate reperfusion, somatic/affective but not cognitive/affective symptoms of depression show prognostic value on long-term MACE. Depression symptoms are not predictors "per se" of adverse prognosis, but seem to express an underlying worse cardiac efficiency, clinically reflected by poorer physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonida Compostella
- Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Inst. Codivilla-Putti, Via Codivilla, 1, 32043, Cortina d'Ampezzo, BL, Italy.
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.
| | - Sonia Lorenzi
- Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Inst. Codivilla-Putti, Via Codivilla, 1, 32043, Cortina d'Ampezzo, BL, Italy
| | - Nicola Russo
- Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Inst. Codivilla-Putti, Via Codivilla, 1, 32043, Cortina d'Ampezzo, BL, Italy
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Tiziana Setzu
- Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Inst. Codivilla-Putti, Via Codivilla, 1, 32043, Cortina d'Ampezzo, BL, Italy
| | - Caterina Compostella
- Department of Medicine, School of Emergency Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Elia Vettore
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Giambattista Isabella
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tarantini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Sabino Iliceto
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Bellotto
- Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Inst. Codivilla-Putti, Via Codivilla, 1, 32043, Cortina d'Ampezzo, BL, Italy
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
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141
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McKune AJ, Peters B, Ramklass SS, van Heerden J, Roberts C, Krejčí J, Botek M. Autonomic cardiac regulation, blood pressure and cardiorespiratory fitness responses to different training doses over a 12 week group program in the elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2017; 70:130-135. [PMID: 28131974 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The study assessed the effects of different weekly training frequencies performed over a 12 week exercise programme (strength, endurance, balance) on autonomic cardiac activity, blood pressure and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in elderly individuals. METHODS Fifty-eight individuals participated in the study: 2TG (N=24, 71.1±6.4 yrs; 19 females, 5 males) performing two, 60min sessions/week; and 3TG (N=34, 72.3±7.9 yrs; 25 females, 9 males) performing three, 60min sessions/week. Time domain and spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) quantified autonomic cardiac regulation. RESULTS Natural logarithm (Ln) transformation was applied to all HRV parameters. There were significant reductions in total power (Ln TP) (p=0.006), low frequency (Ln LF) (p=0.013), high frequency (Ln HF) (p=0.013) and root mean square of successive differences (Ln rMSSD) (p=0.014) post training in 3TG after intervention. Diastolic BP (DBP) decreased significantly in both groups (2TG: P<0.001; 3TG: P<0.001). Both groups showed significant improvements in six-minute walk distance (2TG: P=0.003, 3TG: P=0.001). However, there were significant HRV differences between 2TG and 3TG for Ln TP (P=0.018), Ln LF (P=0.049), Ln HF (P=0.039) and Ln rMSSD (P=0.049). CONCLUSIONS A combined exercise programme resulted in improved DBP and CRF irrespective of training two or three 60min sessions/week. However, training three, sessions/week induced negative health-related changes in autonomic cardiac activity through reducing HRV parasympathetic function, while HRV was maintained in the group training twice a week.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J McKune
- Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, UC-Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - B Peters
- Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - S S Ramklass
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - J van Heerden
- Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - C Roberts
- Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; AFC Bournemouth, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
| | - J Krejčí
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M Botek
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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142
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Slepecky M, Kotianova A, Prasko J, Majercak I, Gyorgyova E, Kotian M, Zatkova M, Popelkova M, Ociskova M, Tonhajzerova I. Which psychological, psychophysiological, and anthropometric factors are connected with life events, depression, and quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:2093-2104. [PMID: 28831258 PMCID: PMC5552144 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s141811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine psychological, psychophysiological, and anthropometric factors connected with life events, level of depression, and quality of life in people at risk for cardiovascular disease and healthy controls. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study involving arterial hypertension patients and healthy controls. There were several measurements including physical, anthropological, cardiovascular, and psychophysiological measurements and administration of questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 99 participants were recruited for this study, 54 healthy controls (mean age: 35.59±13.39 years) and 45 patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) (mean age: 46.33±12.39 years). The healthy controls and the patients with CVD significantly differed in the mean total score of life events, level of depression, quality of life score, temperature, blood pressure (BP), pulse transit time, heart rate, high-frequency total power, heart rate variability total power, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body fat percentage, fat control, pulse wave velocity, and augmentation index. In healthy subjects, the total score of the life events was not correlated with any cardiovascular or anthropometric factor. A score of depression significantly correlated with the WHtR, augmentation index, body fat percentage, and fat control. The quality of life - visual scale correlated with the body temperature, BP, and percentage of body fat. In the group of the patients with CVD, the score of the life events did not correlate with any measured cardiovascular or anthropometric factor. The level of depression correlated with the augmentation index. The quality of life - visual scale significantly correlated with body temperature, WHtR, and fat control. CONCLUSION The patients with CVD reported higher scores of life events, worse quality of life, and a greater level of depressive symptoms than healthy controls. In healthy controls, a higher mean total score of life events significantly negatively correlated with high-frequency total power, and the degree of depression correlated with being overweight. In patients with CVD, a score of depression was linked to being overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Slepecky
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra
| | - Antonia Kotianova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra.,Psychagogia, Liptovsky Mikulas, Slovak Republic
| | - Jan Prasko
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Majercak
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Josef Safarik University in Kosice.,Internal Medicine and Cardiology Private Practice, MUDr Ivan Majercak, Kosice
| | - Erika Gyorgyova
- Internal Medicine and Cardiology Private Practice, MUDr Ivan Majercak, Kosice
| | - Michal Kotian
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra.,Psychagogia, Liptovsky Mikulas, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta Zatkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra
| | - Marta Popelkova
- Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra
| | - Marie Ociskova
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ingrid Tonhajzerova
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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143
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Grant CC, Mongwe L, Janse van Rensburg DC, Fletcher L, Wood PS, Terblanche E, du Toit PJ. The Difference Between Exercise-Induced Autonomic and Fitness Changes Measured After 12 and 20 Weeks of Medium-to-High Intensity Military Training. J Strength Cond Res 2016; 30:2453-9. [PMID: 23838980 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182a1fe46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Grant, CC, Mongwe, L, Janse van Rensburg, DC, Fletcher, L, Wood, PS, Terblanche, E, and du Toit, PJ. The difference between exercise-induced autonomic and fitness changes measured after 12 and 20 weeks of medium-to-high intensity military training. J Strength Cond Res 30(9): 2453-2459, 2016-The aim of this study was to compare the physical fitness, based on VO2max and exercise-induced cardiac autonomic changes, measured by heart rate variability (HRV) of 12 weeks with 20 weeks of training in the South African National Defence Force. Recruits (n = 154) participated in a medium-to-high intensity exercise intervention (daily energy expenditure: 8,485 kJ·d). The significant effect on VO2max between weeks 1 and 12 (48.57, SD = 9.25 vs. 53.36, SD = 7.21] did not continue during weeks 12-20 (53.36, SD = 7.21 vs. 53.87, SD = 7.87). No changes in the supine low frequency (LF)/high frequency (HF) (0.48, SD = 0.51 vs. 0.41, SD = 0.64) or the standing LF/HF (4.02, SD = 5.14 vs. 3.91, SD = 5.28), an indicator of autonomic balance and a possible indicator of overtraining syndrome, suggests that overtraining did not take place during weeks 12-20. This was confirmed with further decreases in supine and standing heart rate. However, the power of the vagal-induced variability continued to increase after 12 weeks. Increased vagal influence without concurrent change in autonomic balance may be interpreted as decreased sympathetic cardiac control. It is important to note that although no fitness changes were detected, positive cardiac autonomic conditioning did continue between weeks 12 and 20, as measured by increased vagal-induced HRV and decreased sympathetic influence on cardiac control. Results may be extrapolated to training in the normal population/athletes after a medium-to-high intensity exercise program, as this intervention was a closely monitored and standardized exercise program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina C Grant
- 1Section Sports Medicine; Departments of 2Statistics; 3Biokinetics; and 4Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; and 5South African National Defense Force, Pretoria, South Africa
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Abd El-Kader SM, Al-Jiffri OH. Aerobic exercise improves quality of life, psychological well-being and systemic inflammation in subjects with Alzheimer's disease. Afr Health Sci 2016; 16:1045-1055. [PMID: 28479898 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v16i4.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease has a destructive drawbacks on the patient and his/her entire family as this disease badly af fects the behavior, cognition and abilities to do activities of daily living (ADL). The physical and mental benefits of exercise are widely known but seldom available to persons suffering from Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to measure quality of life, systemic inflammation and psychological well-being response to aerobic exercises in Alzheimer's. METHODS Forty Alzheimer elderly subjects were enrolled in two groups; the first group received treadmill aerobic exercise, while the second group was considered as a control group and received no training intervention for two months. Assessment of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES),Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Profile of Mood States(POMS) and SF-36 health quality of life (SF-36 HRQL) were taken before and at the end of the study. RESULTS There was a 25.2%, 19.4%, 23.5%, 21.3%, 17.7% , 11.7%, 12.5% and 10.1 % reduction in mean values of TNF-α, IL-6, BDI, POMS, health transition SF-36 subscale, bodily pain SF-36 subscale, role functioning: emotional SF-36 subscale and mental health SF-36 subscale respectively in addition to 15.7%, 13.1%, 12.6%, 11.1%, 13.2% and 11.2 % increase in mean values of RSES, physical functioning SF-36 subscale, role functioning:physical SF-36 subscale, general health SF-36 subscale, Vitality SF-36 subscale and Social functioning SF-36 subscale respectively in group (A) received aerobic exercise training, so that there was a significant reduction in the mean values of TNF-α, IL-6, BDI & POMS and increase in the mean values of SF-36 HRQL subscale scores, RSES in group (A) as a result of aerobic exercise training, while the results of group (B) who received no training intervention were not significant. Also, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters in group (A) and group (B) at the end of the study (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Treadmill walking exercise training is an effective treatment policy to improve quality of life, systemic inflammation and psychological wellbeing in Alzheimer's.
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145
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Wong A, Alvarez-Alvarado S, Kinsey AW, Figueroa A. Whole-Body Vibration Exercise Therapy Improves Cardiac Autonomic Function and Blood Pressure in Obese Pre- and Stage 1 Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women. J Altern Complement Med 2016; 22:970-976. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2016.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA
| | - Stacey Alvarez-Alvarado
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
| | - Amber W. Kinsey
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Arturo Figueroa
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
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146
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Toni G, Belvederi Murri M, Piepoli M, Zanetidou S, Cabassi A, Squatrito S, Bagnoli L, Piras A, Mussi C, Senaldi R, Menchetti M, Zocchi D, Ermini G, Ceresini G, Tripi F, Rucci P, Alexopoulos GS, Amore M. Physical Exercise for Late-Life Depression: Effects on Heart Rate Variability. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2016; 24:989-997. [PMID: 27660194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Late-life major depression is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and impaired autonomic control of the heart, as evident from reduced heart rate variability (HRV). Moreover, antidepressant drug therapy also might be associated with further reductions of HRV. In the SEEDS study, we investigated whether sertraline associated with physical exercise protocols led to improvements of HRV, compared with antidepressant drug therapy alone. DESIGN Single-blind randomized controlled trial. SETTING Psychiatric consultation-liaison program for primary care. PARTICIPANTS Patients aged 65-85 years with major depression, recruited from primary care. INTERVENTIONS Sertraline plus structured, tailored group physical exercise (S + EX) versus sertraline alone (S) for 24 weeks. MEASUREMENTS HRV indices (RR, percentage of NN intervals greater than 50 msec [pNN50], square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals [RMSSD], standard deviation of heart rate [SDHR], standard deviation of the NN interval [SDNN], high-frequency band [HF], low-frequency band [LF], and their ratio [LF/HF]) were measured at baseline, week 12, and week 24. Psychiatric and medical assessments. RESULTS Participants displayed significant improvements of most HRV indices over time, irrespective of the group assignment (pNN50, RMSSD, SDHR, SDNN, HF, LF, and LF/HF). Moreover, patients in the S + EX group displayed greater increases of different HRV indices(RR, pNN50, RMSSD, SDHR, SDNN, HF, and LF) compared with those in the S group. CONCLUSIONS The combination of structured physical exercise and sertraline might exert positive effects on the autonomic control of the heart among older patients with major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Toni
- Cardiology Unit, Ramazzini Hospital, Carpi, Italy
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Oftalmology, Genetics, and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, London, UK.
| | - Massimo Piepoli
- Heart Failure Unit, Cardiac Department, G. da Saliceto Polichirurgico Hospital, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Stamatula Zanetidou
- Consultation Liaison Psychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aderville Cabassi
- Cardiorenal Research Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Parma University School of Medicine, Parma, Italy
| | - Salvatore Squatrito
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Section of Human and General Physiology, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Bagnoli
- Primary Care Physicians in Private Practice, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piras
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Section of Human and General Physiology, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Mussi
- Department of Geriatrics, Nuovo Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena, and Reggio Emilia University, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Marco Menchetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Donato Zocchi
- Primary Care Physicians in Private Practice, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Graziano Ceresini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology of Aging Unit, University of Parma, Italy
| | | | - Paola Rucci
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Section of Human and General Physiology, University of Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Mario Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Oftalmology, Genetics, and Infant-Maternal Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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147
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Afanasiev SA, Pavliukova EN, Kuzmichkina MA, Rebrova TY, Anfinogenova Y, Likhomanov KS, Karpov RS. Nonpharmacological Correction of Hypersympatheticotonia in Patients with Chronic Coronary Insufficiency and Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2016; 21:548-556. [PMID: 26947948 PMCID: PMC6931422 DOI: 10.1111/anec.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Control of sympathetic hyperactivity is pivotal for treatment of heart failure (HF) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Our earlier studies demonstrated that the auricular pulsed electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve (VNS) beneficially affected condition of CAD patients with HF. The aim of our study was to evaluate changes in heart rate (HR) and the levels of heat shock proteins in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with CAD in the course of VNS. METHODS The study comprised 70 individuals aged 50-68 years with chronic coronary insufficiency, severe left ventricular dysfunction, and NYHA functional class (FC) III-IV HF. Main group included 63 patients who received VNS course (group 1). Control patients (n = 7) received sham therapy (group 2). RESULTS According to the results of 6-minute walk test and 24-hour ECG monitoring, administration of VNS improved clinical condition of 58 of 63 patients, decreased HF FC, and attenuated HR. Clinical condition in sham therapy group did not change. Immunoenzyme method demonstrated that hsp70 and hsp60 contents in peripheral blood lymphocyte lysate increased by 58% and 48% (P < 0.05), respectively, in patients who initially had HR < 80 bpm. The hsp70 level significantly increased and hsp60 level remained unchanged in patients with initial HR > 80 bpm. CONCLUSIONS Correction of autonomous nervous status by VNS attenuated HR and improved functional state of the heart in CAD patients. Cardiotropic effect of VNS was the most pronounced in patients with preserved endogenous stress-limiting systems associated with hsp60 and/or hsp70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Afanasiev
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Research Institute for Cardiology,", Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena N Pavliukova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Research Institute for Cardiology,", Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maria A Kuzmichkina
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Research Institute for Cardiology,", Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana Yu Rebrova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Research Institute for Cardiology,", Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yana Anfinogenova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Research Institute for Cardiology,", Tomsk, Russia.
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Institute of Physics and Technology, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Konstantin S Likhomanov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Research Institute for Cardiology,", Tomsk, Russia
| | - Rostislav S Karpov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Research Institute for Cardiology,", Tomsk, Russia
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148
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Hsu CC, Liang CS, Tai YM, Cheng SL. Incongruent changes in heart rate variability and body weight after discontinuing aerobic exercise in patients with schizophrenia. Int J Psychophysiol 2016; 109:132-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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149
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Dietz P, Watson ED, Sattler MC, Ruf W, Titze S, van Poppel M. The influence of physical activity during pregnancy on maternal, fetal or infant heart rate variability: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2016; 16:326. [PMID: 27784276 PMCID: PMC5081933 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-016-1121-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy has been shown to be associated with several positive effects for mother, fetus, and offspring. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive and surrogate marker to determine fetal overall health and the development of fetal autonomic nervous system. In addition, it has been shown to be significantly influenced by maternal behavior. However, the influence of maternal PA on HRV has not yet been systematically reviewed. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the influence of regular maternal PA on maternal, fetal or infant HRV. Methods A systematic literature search following a priori formulated criteria of studies that examined the influence of regular maternal PA (assessed for a minimum period of 6 weeks) on maternal, fetal or infant HRV was performed in the databases Pubmed and SPORTDiscus. Quality of each study was assessed using the standardized Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (QATQS). Results Nine articles were included into the present systematic review: two intervention studies, one prospective longitudinal study, and six post-hoc analysis of subsets of the longitudinal study. Of these articles four referred to maternal HRV, five to fetal HRV, and one to infant HRV. The overall global rating for the standardized quality assessment of the articles was moderate to weak. The articles regarding the influence of maternal PA on maternal HRV indicated contrary results. Five of five articles regarding the influence of maternal PA on fetal HRV showed increases of fetal HRV on most parameters depending on maternal PA. The article referring to infant HRV (measured one month postnatal) showed an increased HRV. Conclusions Based on the current evidence available, our overall conclusion is that the hypothesis that maternal PA influences maternal HRV cannot be supported, but there is a trend that maternal PA might increase fetal and infant HRV (clinical conclusion). Therefore, we recommend that further, high quality studies addressing the influence of maternal PA on HRV should be performed (methodological conclusion).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Dietz
- Department of Physical Activity and Public Health, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, Graz, 8010, Austria.
| | - Estelle D Watson
- Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Matteo C Sattler
- Department of Physical Activity and Public Health, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Ruf
- Department of Physical Activity and Public Health, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Sylvia Titze
- Department of Physical Activity and Public Health, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Mireille van Poppel
- Department of Physical Activity and Public Health, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Mozartgasse 14, Graz, 8010, Austria.,Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands
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Influence diagram of physiological and environmental factors affecting heart rate variability: an extended literature overview. Heart Int 2016; 11:e32-e40. [PMID: 27924215 PMCID: PMC5056628 DOI: 10.5301/heartint.5000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) corresponds to the adaptation of the heart to any stimulus. In fact, among the pathologies affecting HRV the most, there are the cardiovascular diseases and depressive disorders, which are associated with high medical cost in Western societies. Consequently, HRV is now widely used as an index of health. In order to better understand how this adaptation takes place, it is necessary to examine which factors directly influence HRV, whether they have a physiological or environmental origin. The primary objective of this research is therefore to conduct a literature review in order to get a comprehensive overview of the subject. The system of these factors affecting HRV can be divided into the following five categories: physiological and pathological factors, environmental factors, lifestyle factors, non-modifiable factors and effects. The direct interrelationships between these factors and HRV can be regrouped into an influence diagram. This diagram can therefore serve as a basis to improve daily clinical practice as well as help design even more precise research protocols.
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