101
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Meier F, Park MA, Mann M. Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry and Parallel Accumulation-Serial Fragmentation in Proteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100138. [PMID: 34416385 PMCID: PMC8453224 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in efficiency and ease of implementation have rekindled interest in ion mobility spectrometry, a technique that separates gas phase ions by their size and shape and that can be hybridized with conventional LC and MS. Here, we review the recent development of trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) coupled to TOF mass analysis. In particular, the parallel accumulation-serial fragmentation (PASEF) operation mode offers unique advantages in terms of sequencing speed and sensitivity. Its defining feature is that it synchronizes the release of ions from the TIMS device with the downstream selection of precursors for fragmentation in a TIMS quadrupole TOF configuration. As ions are compressed into narrow ion mobility peaks, the number of peptide fragment ion spectra obtained in data-dependent or targeted analyses can be increased by an order of magnitude without compromising sensitivity. Taking advantage of the correlation between ion mobility and mass, the PASEF principle also multiplies the efficiency of data-independent acquisition. This makes the technology well suited for rapid proteome profiling, an increasingly important attribute in clinical proteomics, as well as for ultrasensitive measurements down to single cells. The speed and accuracy of TIMS and PASEF also enable precise measurements of collisional cross section values at the scale of more than a million data points and the development of neural networks capable of predicting them based only on peptide sequences. Peptide collisional cross section values can differ for isobaric sequences or positional isomers of post-translational modifications. This additional information may be leveraged in real time to direct data acquisition or in postprocessing to increase confidence in peptide identifications. These developments make TIMS quadrupole TOF PASEF a powerful and expandable platform for proteomics and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Meier
- Department Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Functional Proteomics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Melvin A Park
- Bruker Daltonics Inc, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
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102
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Naylor CN, Reinecke T, Ridgeway ME, Park MA, Clowers BH. Implications of Blanc's Law for Use in Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2241-2250. [PMID: 34279925 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Blanc's Law has served as a way to predict the mobilities of ions in mixed drift gases for over 100 years yet has remained largely unexplored using newer ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) configurations, including traveling wave and trapped IMS (TIMS) systems. Here, we evaluate a drift-tube IMS (DTIMS) and compare it to a similar set of experiments performed in TIMS. We found that Blanc's Law can be applied in a DTIMS to determine the mobility of an analyte in the minor gas component of a ternary mixed drift gas system within 2% error. Additionally, the calibration procedure for TIMS to convert elution voltages into a mobility value corrects for significant deviations (>4%) from Blanc's Law in the elution voltage domain. For the range of gas identities probed in this effort, up to an 11% error in calibrated mobilities was observed when using a gas mixture in the TIMS that differed from the gas used for the reference mobility. However, when the gas mixture within the TIMS was the same as the respective calibrant mobilities, calibration errors within the TIMS were as low as 0.01%. Interestingly, when probing the behavior of ions with argon-containing mixtures within the TIMS, the current accepted paradigm of elution voltage being proportional to inverse mobilities in TIMS calibrations procedures was shown to deviate substantially from the trends observed with DTIMS measurements. With this initial effort, foundations for future mixed drift gas measurements in TIMS are set for expanded analyte classes and larger molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron N Naylor
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Tobias Reinecke
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Mark E Ridgeway
- Bruker Daltonics, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Melvin A Park
- Bruker Daltonics, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Brian H Clowers
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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103
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Di Poto C, Tian X, Peng X, Heyman HM, Szesny M, Hess S, Cazares LH. Metabolomic Profiling of Human Urine Samples Using LC-TIMS-QTOF Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2072-2080. [PMID: 34107214 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The identification of metabolites in biological samples is challenging due to their chemical and structural diversity. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) separates ionized molecules based on their mobility in a carrier buffer gas giving information about the ionic shape by measuring the rotationally averaged collision cross-section (CCS) value. This orthogonal descriptor, in combination with the m/z, isotopic pattern distribution, and MS/MS spectrum, has the potential to improve the identification of molecular molecules in complex mixtures. Urine metabolomics can reveal metabolic differences, which arise as a result of a specific disease or in response to therapeutic intervention. It is, however, complicated by the presence of metabolic breakdown products derived from a wide range of lifestyle and diet-related byproducts, many of which are poorly characterized. In this study, we explore the use of trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) via LC parallel accumulation with serial fragmentation (PASEF) for urine metabolomics. A total of 362 urine metabolites were characterized from 80 urine samples collected from healthy volunteers using untargeted metabolomics employing HILIC and RP chromatography. Additionally, three analytes (Trp, Phe, and Tyr) were selected for targeted quantification. Both the untargeted and targeted data was highly reproducible and reported CCS measurements for identified metabolites were robust in the presence of the urine matrix. A comparison of CCS values among different laboratories was also conducted, showing less than 1.3% ΔCCS values across different platforms. This is the first report of a human urine metabolite database compiled with CCS values experimentally acquired using an LC-PASEF TIMS-qTOF platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Di Poto
- Dynamic Omics, Antibody Discovery, and Protein Engineering (ADPE), R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Xiang Tian
- Dynamic Omics, Antibody Discovery, and Protein Engineering (ADPE), R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Xuejun Peng
- Bruker Scientific LLC, San Jose, California 95134, United States
| | - Heino M Heyman
- Bruker Scientific LLC, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | | | - Sonja Hess
- Dynamic Omics, Antibody Discovery, and Protein Engineering (ADPE), R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Lisa H Cazares
- Dynamic Omics, Antibody Discovery, and Protein Engineering (ADPE), R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20850, United States
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104
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Davis DE, Leaptrot KL, Koomen DC, May JC, Cavalcanti GDA, Padilha MC, Pereira HMG, McLean JA. Multidimensional Separations of Intact Phase II Steroid Metabolites Utilizing LC-Ion Mobility-HRMS. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10990-10998. [PMID: 34319704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The detection and unambiguous identification of anabolic-androgenic steroid metabolites are essential in clinical, forensic, and antidoping analyses. Recently, sulfate phase II steroid metabolites have received increased attention in steroid metabolism and drug testing. In large part, this is because phase II steroid metabolites are excreted for an extended time, making them a potential long-term chemical marker of choice for tracking steroid misuse in sports. Comprehensive analytical methods, such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), have been used to detect and identify glucuronide and sulfate steroids in human urine with high sensitivity and reliability. However, LC-MS/MS identification strategies can be hindered by the fact that phase II steroid metabolites generate nonselective ion fragments across the different metabolite markers, limiting the confidence in metabolite identifications that rely on exact mass measurement and MS/MS information. Additionally, liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) is sometimes insufficient at fully resolving the analyte peaks from the sample matrix (commonly urine) chemical noise, further complicating accurate identification efforts. Therefore, we developed a liquid chromatography-ion mobility-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-IM-HRMS) method to increase the peak capacity and utilize the IM-derived collision cross section (CCS) values as an additional molecular descriptor for increased selectivity and to improve identifications of intact steroid analyses at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don E Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Katrina L Leaptrot
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - David C Koomen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Jody C May
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Gustavo de A Cavalcanti
- Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Monica C Padilha
- Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Henrique M G Pereira
- Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - John A McLean
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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105
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Auth T, Grabarics M, Schlangen M, Pagel K, Koszinowski K. Modular Ion Mobility Calibrants for Organometallic Anions Based on Tetraorganylborate Salts. Anal Chem 2021; 93:9797-9807. [PMID: 34227799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Organometallics are widely used in catalysis and synthesis. Their analysis relies heavily on mass spectrometric methods, among which traveling-wave ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS) has gained increasing importance. Collision cross sections (CCS) obtainable by TWIMS significantly aid the structural characterization of ions in the gas phase, but for organometallics, their accuracy has been limited by the lack of appropriate calibrants. Here, we propose tetraorganylborates and their alkali-metal bound oligomers [Mn-1(BR4)n]- (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; R = aryl, Et; n = 1-6) as calibrants for electrospray ionization (ESI) TWIMS. These species chemically resemble typical organometallics and readily form upon negative-ion mode ESI of solutions of alkali-metal tetraorganylborates. By combining different tetraorganylborate salts, we have generated a large number of anions in a modular manner and determined their CCS values by drift-tube ion mobility spectrometry (DTIMS) (DTCCSHe = 81-585, DTCCSN2 = 130-704 Å2). In proof-of-concept experiments, we then applied these DTCCS values to the calibration of a TWIMS instrument and analyzed phenylcuprate and argentate anions, [Lin-1MnPh2n]- and [MnPhn+1]- (M = Cu, Ag), as prototypical reactive organometallics. The TWCCSN2 values derived from TWIMS measurements are in excellent agreement with those determined by DTIMS (<2% relative difference), demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed calibration scheme. Moreover, we used theoretical methods to predict the structures and CCS values of the anions considered. These predictions are in good agreement with the experimental results and give further insight into the trends governing the assembly of tetraorganylborate, cuprate, and argentate oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Auth
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Márkó Grabarics
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, Berlin 14195, Germany.,Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Abteilung Molekülphysik, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Maria Schlangen
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, Berlin 14195, Germany.,Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Abteilung Molekülphysik, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Konrad Koszinowski
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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106
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Lloyd Williams OH, Rijs NJ. Reaction Monitoring and Structural Characterisation of Coordination Driven Self-Assembled Systems by Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry. Front Chem 2021; 9:682743. [PMID: 34169059 PMCID: PMC8217442 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.682743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nature creates exquisite molecular assemblies, required for the molecular-level functions of life, via self-assembly. Understanding and harnessing these complex processes presents an immense opportunity for the design and fabrication of advanced functional materials. However, the significant industrial potential of self-assembly to fabricate highly functional materials is hampered by a lack of knowledge of critical reaction intermediates, mechanisms, and kinetics. As we move beyond the covalent synthetic regime, into the domain of non-covalent interactions occupied by self-assembly, harnessing and embracing complexity is a must, and non-targeted analyses of dynamic systems are becoming increasingly important. Coordination driven self-assembly is an important subtype of self-assembly that presents several wicked analytical challenges. These challenges are "wicked" due the very complexity desired confounding the analysis of products, intermediates, and pathways, therefore limiting reaction optimisation, tuning, and ultimately, utility. Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry solves many of the most challenging analytical problems in separating and analysing the structure of both simple and complex species formed via coordination driven self-assembly. Thus, due to the emerging importance of ion mobility mass spectrometry as an analytical technique tackling complex systems, this review highlights exciting recent applications. These include equilibrium monitoring, structural and dynamic analysis of previously analytically inaccessible complex interlinked structures and the process of self-sorting. The vast and largely untapped potential of ion mobility mass spectrometry to coordination driven self-assembly is yet to be fully realised. Therefore, we also propose where current analytical approaches can be built upon to allow for greater insight into the complexity and structural dynamics involved in self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole J. Rijs
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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107
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Grabarics M, Lettow M, Kirk AT, von Helden G, Causon TJ, Pagel K. Plate-height model of ion mobility-mass spectrometry: Part 2-Peak-to-peak resolution and peak capacity. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:2798-2813. [PMID: 33945207 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In a previous work, we explored zone broadening and the achievable plate numbers in linear drift tube ion mobility-mass spectrometry through developing a plate-height model [1]. On the basis of these findings, the present theoretical study extends the model by exploring peak-to-peak resolution and peak capacity in ion mobility separations. The first part provides a critical overview of chromatography-influenced resolution equations, including refinement of existing formulae. Furthermore, we present exact resolution equations for drift tube ion mobility spectrometry based on first principles. Upon implementing simple modifications, these exact formulae could be readily extended to traveling wave ion mobility separations and to cases when ion mobility spectrometry is coupled to mass spectrometry. The second part focuses on peak capacity. The well-known assumptions of constant plate number and constant peak width form the basis of existing approximate solutions. To overcome their limitations, an exact peak capacity equation is derived for drift tube ion mobility spectrometry. This exact solution is rooted in a suitable physical model of peak broadening, accounting for the finite injection pulse and subsequent diffusional spreading. By borrowing concepts from the theoretical toolbox of chromatography, we believe that the present study will help in integrating ion mobility spectrometry into the unified language of separation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márkó Grabarics
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike Lettow
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ansgar T Kirk
- Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gert von Helden
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim J Causon
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
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108
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Feuerstein ML, Kurulugama RT, Hann S, Causon T. Novel acquisition strategies for metabolomics using drift tube ion mobility-quadrupole resolved all ions time-of-flight mass spectrometry (IM-QRAI-TOFMS). Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1163:338508. [PMID: 34024419 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The focus of this work was the implementation of ion mobility (IM) and a prototype quadrupole driver within data independent acquisition (DIA) using a drift tube IM-QTOFMS aiming to improve the level of confidence in identity confirmation workflows for non-targeted metabolomics. In addition to conventional all ions (IM-AI) acquisition, quadrupole resolved all ions (IM-QRAI) acquisition allows a drift time-directed precursor ion isolation in DIA using sequential isolation of precursor ions using mass windows of up to 100 Da which can be rapidly ramped across single ion mobility transients (i.e., <100 ms) according to the arrival times of precursor ions. Both IM-AI and IM-QRAI approaches were used for identity confirmation and relative quantification of metabolites in cellular extracts of the cell factory host Pichia pastoris. Samples were spiked with a uniformly 13C-labeled (U13C) internal standard and LC with low-field drift tube IM separation was used in combination with IM-AI and IM-QRAI. Combining excellent hardware performance and correlation of IM arrival times of natural (natC) and U13C metabolites enabled alignment of signals in the arrival time domain (DTCCSN2 differences ≤0.3%), and, in the case of IM-QRAI operation, maintenance of quantitative signals in comparison to IM-AI. The combination of tailored IM-QRAI methods for precursor ion isolation and IM separation also minimized the occurrence of spectral interferences in complex DIA datasets. Combined use of the software tools MS-DIAL, MS-Finder and Skyline for peak picking, feature alignment, reconciliation of natC and U13C isotopologue pairs, deconvolution of fragment spectra from DIA data, identity confirmation (including DTCCSN2) and targeted re-extraction of datafiles were employed for the data processing workflow. Overall, the combined new acquisition and data processing approaches enabled 87 metabolites to be identified between Level 1 (identified by standard compound) and Level 3.2 (accurate mass spectrum and number of carbons confirmed). The developed methods constitute promising metabolomics discovery tools and can be used to elucidate the number of carbon atoms present in unknown metabolites in stable isotope-supported metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L Feuerstein
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Stephan Hann
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tim Causon
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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109
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May JC, Leaptrot KL, Rose BS, Moser KLW, Deng L, Maxon L, DeBord D, McLean JA. Resolving Power and Collision Cross Section Measurement Accuracy of a Prototype High-Resolution Ion Mobility Platform Incorporating Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1126-1137. [PMID: 33734709 PMCID: PMC9296130 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A production prototype structures for lossless ion manipulation ion mobility (SLIM IM) platform interfaced to a commercial high-resolution mass spectrometer (MS) is described. The SLIM IM implements the traveling wave ion mobility technique across a ∼13m path length for high-resolution IM (HRIM) separations. The resolving power (CCS/ΔCCS) of the SLIM IM stage was benchmarked across various parameters (traveling wave speeds, amplitudes, and waveforms), and results indicated that resolving powers in excess of 200 can be accessed for a broad range of masses. For several cases, resolving powers greater than 300 were achieved, notably under wave conditions where ions transition from a nonselective "surfing" motion to a mobility-selective ion drift, that corresponded to ion speeds approximately 30-70% of the traveling wave speed. The separation capabilities were evaluated on a series of isomeric and isobaric compounds that cannot be resolved by MS alone, including reversed-sequence peptides (SDGRG and GRGDS), triglyceride double-bond positional isomers (TG 3, 6, 9 and TG 6, 9, 12), trisaccharides (melezitose, raffinose, isomaltotriose, and maltotriose), and ganglioside lipids (GD1b and GD1a). The SLIM IM platform resolved the corresponding isomeric mixtures, which were unresolvable using the standard resolution of a drift-tube instrument (∼50). In general, the SLIM IM-MS platform is capable of resolving peaks separated by as little as ∼0.6% without the need to target a specific separation window or drift time. Low CCS measurement biases <0.5% were obtained under high resolving power conditions. Importantly, all the analytes surveyed are able to access high-resolution conditions (>200), demonstrating that this instrument is well-suited for broadband HRIM separations important in global untargeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody C. May
- Center
for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems
Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenessee 37235, United States
| | - Katrina L. Leaptrot
- Center
for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems
Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenessee 37235, United States
| | - Bailey S. Rose
- Center
for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems
Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenessee 37235, United States
| | | | - Liulin Deng
- MOBILion
Systems, Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania 19317, United States
| | - Laura Maxon
- MOBILion
Systems, Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania 19317, United States
| | - Daniel DeBord
- MOBILion
Systems, Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania 19317, United States
| | - John A. McLean
- Center
for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute
of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems
Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenessee 37235, United States
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110
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Rüger CP, Le Maître J, Maillard J, Riches E, Palmer M, Afonso C, Giusti P. Exploring Complex Mixtures by Cyclic Ion Mobility High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry: Application Toward Petroleum. Anal Chem 2021; 93:5872-5881. [PMID: 33784070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The in-depth isomeric and isobaric description of ultra-complex organic mixtures remains one of the most challenging analytical tasks. In the last two decades, ion mobility coupled to high-performance mass spectrometry added an additional structural dimension. Despite tremendous instrumental improvements, commercial devices are still limited in ion mobility and mass spectrometric resolving power and struggle to resolve isobaric species and complex isomeric patterns. To overcome these limitations, we explored the capabilities of cyclic ion mobility high-resolution mass spectrometry with special emphasis on petrochemical applications. We could show that quadrupole-selected ion mobility mass spectrometry gives closer insights into the isomeric distribution. In combination with slicing the specific parts of the ion mobility dimension, isobaric interferences could be drastically removed. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) allowed separating structural groups of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocycles (PAH/PASH), deploying up to 10 passes in the cyclic ion mobility device. Finally, we introduce a data processing workflow to resolve the 3.4 mDa SH4/C3 mass split by combining ion mobility and mass spectrometric resolving power. Cyclic ion mobility with the intelligent design of experiments and processing routines will be a powerful approach addressing the isobaric and isomeric complexity of ultra-complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Rüger
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre (JMSC)/Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany.,International Joint Laboratory-iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research and Technology Gonfreville (TRTG), 76700 Harfleur, France.,Department Life, Light & Matter (LLM), University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Johann Le Maître
- International Joint Laboratory-iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research and Technology Gonfreville (TRTG), 76700 Harfleur, France.,TOTAL Refining and Chemicals, Gonfreville, 76700 Harfleur, France
| | - Julien Maillard
- International Joint Laboratory-iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research and Technology Gonfreville (TRTG), 76700 Harfleur, France.,Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038, Université de Rouen-Normandie, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | | | | | - Carlos Afonso
- International Joint Laboratory-iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research and Technology Gonfreville (TRTG), 76700 Harfleur, France.,Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038, Université de Rouen-Normandie, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Pierre Giusti
- International Joint Laboratory-iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research and Technology Gonfreville (TRTG), 76700 Harfleur, France.,TOTAL Refining and Chemicals, Gonfreville, 76700 Harfleur, France.,Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038, Université de Rouen-Normandie, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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111
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Abstract
This paper aims to cover the main strategies based on ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) for the analysis of biological samples. The determination of endogenous and exogenous compounds in such samples is important for the understanding of the health status of individuals. For this reason, the development of new approaches that can be complementary to the ones already established (mainly based on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry) is welcomed. In this regard, ion mobility spectrometry has appeared in the analytical scenario as a powerful technique for the separation and characterization of compounds based on their mobility. IMS has been used in several areas taking advantage of its orthogonality with other analytical separation techniques, such as liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, or supercritical fluid chromatography. Bioanalysis is not one of the areas where IMS has been more extensively applied. However, over the last years, the interest in using this approach for the analysis of biological samples has clearly increased. This paper introduces the reader to the principles controlling the separation in IMS and reviews recent applications using this technique in the field of bioanalysis.
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112
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Naylor CN, Clowers BH. Reevaluating the Role of Polarizability in Ion Mobility Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:618-627. [PMID: 33533630 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the expanding commercial availability of gas-phase separation systems that incorporate gas-phase mobility, there is a concurrent rise in efforts to cast the gas-phase mobility coefficient in terms of an ion-neutral collision cross-section (CCS). The motivating factors for this trend are varied, but many aim to complement experimental results with computationally generated CCS values from in silico structural approximations. Unfortunately, the current paradigm for relating experimental mobility results to computationally derived structures relies upon empirical approaches, including a myriad of variables that do not realistically bound the comparison. In this Critical Insight, we advocate for the development of a self-consistent experimental and computational framework that uses laboratory results to constrain the scope of the modeling effort. This paper aims to prompt discussion, challenge assumptions, and promote the development of more efficient, accurate computational techniques within the gas-phase ion measurement community. Specifically, we postulate whether experimental deviations from Langevin's polarization limit (Kpol) are suitable to estimate the relative contributions of hard-sphere collisions and long-range interactions within CCS values. Not surprisingly, different molecule classes exhibit different trends in the K/Kpol ratio when normalized for reduced mass, and the most common IMS calibrants (e.g., tune mix, polyalanine, tetraalkylammonium salts) follow different polarizability trends than many of the analytes probed in the literature. Succinctly, if gas-phase ion structure is largely invariant based upon the colliding neutral and newly developed experimental efforts can quantitatively capture ion polarizability, then modeling efforts describing a target analyte must be self-consistent as the collision neutral is changed in silico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron N Naylor
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Brian H Clowers
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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Richardson K, Langridge D, Dixit SM, Ruotolo BT. An Improved Calibration Approach for Traveling Wave Ion Mobility Spectrometry: Robust, High-Precision Collision Cross Sections. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3542-3550. [PMID: 33555172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The combination of ion-mobility (IM) separation with mass spectrometry (MS) has impacted global measurement efforts in areas ranging from food analysis to drug discovery. Reasons for the broad adoption of IM-MS include its significantly increased peak capacity, duty-cycle, and ability to reconstruct fragmentation data in parallel, all of which greatly enable the analyses of complex mixtures. More fundamentally, however, measurements of ion-gas molecule collision cross sections (CCSs) are used to support compound identification and quantitation efforts as well as study the structures of large biomolecules. As the first commercialized form of IM-MS, Traveling Wave Ion Mobility (TWIM) devices are operated at low pressures (∼3 mbar) and voltages, are relatively short (∼25 cm), and separate ions on a timescale of tens of milliseconds. These qualities make TWIM ideally suited for hybridization with MS. Owing to the complicated motion of ions in TWIM devices, however, IM transit times must be calibrated to enable CCS measurements. Applicability of these calibrations has hitherto been restricted to primarily singly charged small molecules and some classes of large, multiply charged ions under a significantly narrower range of instrument conditions. Here, we introduce and extensively characterize a dramatically improved TWIM calibration methodology. Using over 2500 experimental TWIM data sets, covering ions that span over 3.5 orders of magnitude of molecular mass, we demonstrate robust calibrations for a significantly expanded range of instrument conditions, thereby opening up new analytical application areas and enabling the expansion of high-precision CCS measurements for both existing and next-generation TWIM instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Richardson
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - D Langridge
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - S M Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - B T Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Ross DH, Xu L. Determination of drugs and drug metabolites by ion mobility-mass spectrometry: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1154:338270. [PMID: 33736803 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) has gained increased applications in the characterization and identification of drugs and drug metabolites, largely owning to the complementary separation of analyte ions based on their gas-phase size and shape in the IM dimension in addition to their mass-to-charge ratios. In this review, we discuss recent advances in such applications. We first introduce various types of IM techniques, focusing on those that allow the measurement of collision cross section (CCS), the physical property of an ion that reflects its gas-phase size and shape. Next, we discuss the IM-MS landscape of the large chemical space of drugs and multimodal distributions of certain drugs in IM separation due to the presence of protomers. We then review drug metabolism reactions and discuss the application of IM-MS in separation and identification of isomeric drug metabolites. Subsequently, we discuss various approaches to generate theoretical and predicted CCS data, including theory-based calculation methods and data-driven prediction models, and currently available resources on these approaches. Finally, current limitations and future directions of application of IM-MS are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan H Ross
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, 1959, NE Pacific Street, HSB H-172, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, 1959, NE Pacific Street, HSB H-172, Seattle, WA, USA.
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115
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Wu F, Gu L, Dai X, Yang S, Xu F, Fang X, Yu S, Ding CF. Direct and simultaneous recognition of the positional isomers of aminobenzenesulfonic acid by TIMS-TOF-MS. Talanta 2021; 226:122085. [PMID: 33676646 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Positional isomer recognition is a challenging scientific issue. Fast and accurate detection of isomers is required for understanding their chemical properties. Here, we describe a method for simultaneous recognition of three positional isomers of 2-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (2-ABSA), 3-ABSA, and 4-ABSA using trapped ion mobility spectroscopy-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TIMS-TOF-MS). The three ABSA positional isomers were recognized by measuring the different ion mobility of the ternary complexes of [β-cyclodextrin (CD)+ABSA + Li]+ or [λ-CD + ABSA + Na]+, because their different collision cross-sections or different spatial conformations. The collision-induced dissociation mechanism of the different complexes of [β-CD + ABSA + Li]+ and [λ-CD + ABSA + Na]+ using tandem mass spectrometry exhibited the same dissociation process with slightly different dissociation energies, which the smaller cross-section requires higher collision energy that means the smaller complex with tighter and more stable conformation than a larger complex for the ABSA complexes. In addition, relative quantification of the ABSA isomers was studied by measuring any two of the three ABSA isomer complexes at different molar ratio of 10:1 to 1:10 in the μM range, good linearity (R2 > 0.99) with precision between 2.14% and 2.58%, and accuracy ≥ 97.1% were obtained. The method for fast determination and recognition of ABSA positional isomers by combination with CD and alkali metal ions possesses the advantages of being simple, direct, rapid, sensitive, cost-effective, and needs no chemical derivatives or chromatographic separation before analysis. Therefore, the proposed method would be a powerful tool for the analysis of ABSA isomers or even other positional isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangling Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Liancheng Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Xinhua Dai
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shutong Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Fuxing Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Shaoning Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Chuan-Fan Ding
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
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116
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Masike K, Stander MA, de Villiers A. Recent applications of ion mobility spectrometry in natural product research. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 195:113846. [PMID: 33422832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a rapid separation technique capable of extracting complementary structural information to chromatography and mass spectrometry (MS). IMS, especially in combination with MS, has experienced inordinate growth in recent years as an analytical technique, and elicited intense interest in many research fields. In natural product analysis, IMS shows promise as an additional tool to enhance the performance of analytical methods used to identify promising drug candidates. Potential benefits of the incorporation of IMS into analytical workflows currently used in natural product analysis include the discrimination of structurally similar secondary metabolites, improving the quality of mass spectral data, and the use of mobility-derived collision cross-section (CCS) values as an additional identification criterion in targeted and untargeted analyses. This review aims to provide an overview of the application of IMS to natural product analysis over the last six years. Instrumental aspects and the fundamental background of IMS will be briefly covered, and recent applications of the technique for natural product analysis will be discussed to demonstrate the utility of the technique in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keabetswe Masike
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Maria A Stander
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa; Central Analytical Facility, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - André de Villiers
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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Austin CA, Inutan ED, Bohrer BC, Li J, Fischer JL, Wijerathne K, Foley CD, Lietz CB, Woodall DW, Imperial LF, Clemmer DE, Trimpin S, Larsen BS. Resolving Isomers of Star-Branched Poly(Ethylene Glycols) by IMS-MS Using Multiply Charged Ions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:21-32. [PMID: 32510213 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) mass spectrometry (MS) centers on the ability to separate gaseous structures by size, charge, shape, and followed by mass-to-charge (m/z). For oligomeric structures, improved separation is hypothesized to be related to the ability to extend structures through repulsive forces between cations electrostatically bonded to the oligomers. Here we show the ability to separate differently branched multiply charged ions of star-branched poly(ethylene glycol) oligomers (up to 2000 Da) regardless of whether formed by electrospray ionization (ESI) charged solution droplets or from charged solid particles produced directly from a surface by matrix-assisted ionization. Detailed structural characterization of isomers of the star-branched compositions was first established using a home-built high-resolution ESI IMS-MS instrument. The doubly charged ions have well-resolved drift times, achieving separation of isomers and also allowing differentiation of star-branched versus linear oligomers. An IMS-MS "snapshot" approach allows visualization of architectural dispersity and (im)purity of samples in a straightforward manner. Analyses capabilities are shown for different cations and ionization methods using commercially available traveling wave IMS-MS instruments. Analyses directly from surfaces using the new ionization processes are, because of the multiply charging, not only associated with the benefits of improved gas-phase separations, relative to that of ions produced by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, but also provide the potential for spatially resolved measurements relative to ESI and other ionization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin A Austin
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Ellen D Inutan
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Brian C Bohrer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Joshua L Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Kanchana Wijerathne
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Casey D Foley
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Christopher B Lietz
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Daniel W Woodall
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Lorelie F Imperial
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - David E Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Sarah Trimpin
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Barbara S Larsen
- DuPont, Nutrition & Biosciences, Wilmington, Delaware 19808, United States
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118
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Li L, Yu J, Xie C, Wang C, Guan P, Hu JJ, Tang K. A TIMS-TOF mass spectrometry study of disaccharides from in situ ESI derivatization with 3-pyridinylboronate. Analyst 2021; 146:75-84. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01677b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mobilograms of in situ ESI 3-pyridinylboronic acid tagging of isomaltose in the positive or negative mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Jiancheng Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Chenlu Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Jun Jack Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
| | - Keqi Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo 315211
- P. R. China
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119
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Rose BS, Leaptrot KL, Harris RA, Sherrod SD, May JC, McLean JA. High Confidence Shotgun Lipidomics Using Structurally Selective Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2306:11-37. [PMID: 33954937 PMCID: PMC10127451 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1410-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility (IM) is a gas phase separation strategy that can either supplement or serve as a high-throughput alternative to liquid chromatography (LC) in shotgun lipidomics. Incorporating the IM dimension in untargeted lipidomics workflows can help resolve isomeric lipids, and the collision cross section (CCS) values obtained from the IM measurements can provide an additional molecular descriptor to increase lipid identification confidence. This chapter provides a broad overview of an untargeted ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) workflow using a commercial drift tube ion mobility-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (IM-QTOF) for high confidence lipidomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey S Rose
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Katrina L Leaptrot
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rachel A Harris
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stacy D Sherrod
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jody C May
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John A McLean
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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120
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Li Y, Peng Y, Lu H. Advances in Analysis of Linkage Isomers of Sialylated N-Glycans by Mass Spectrometry. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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121
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Abstract
Over the last few decades, MS-based lipidomics has emerged as a powerful tool to study lipids in biological systems. This success is driven by the constant demand for complete and reliable data. The improvement of MS-based lipidomics will continue to be dependent on the advances in the technology of mass spectrometry and related techniques including separation and bioinformatics, and more importantly, on gaining insight into the knowledge of lipid chemistry essential to develop methodology for lipid analysis. It is hoped that the protocols in this book, collected from experts in their fields, can offer the beginner and the advanced user alike, useful tips toward successful lipidomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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123
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Will JM, Behrens A, Macke M, Quarles CD, Karst U. Automated Chiral Analysis of Amino Acids Based on Chiral Derivatization and Trapped Ion Mobility–Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 93:878-885. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas M. Will
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Arne Behrens
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Marcel Macke
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - C. Derrick Quarles
- Elemental Scientific Inc., 7277 World Communications Dr., Omaha, Nebraska 68022, United States
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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124
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Addepalli RV, Mullangi R. A concise review on lipidomics analysis in biological samples. ADMET AND DMPK 2020; 9:1-22. [PMID: 35299875 PMCID: PMC8923307 DOI: 10.5599/admet.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are a complex and critical heterogeneous molecular entity, playing an intricate and key role in understanding biological activities and disease processes. Lipidomics aims to quantitatively define the lipid classes, including their molecular species. The analysis of the biological tissues and fluids are challenging due to the extreme sample complexity and occurrence of the molecular species as isomers or isobars. This review documents the overview of lipidomics workflow, beginning from the approaches of sample preparation, various analytical techniques and emphasizing the state-of-the-art mass spectrometry either by shotgun or coupled with liquid chromatography. We have considered the latest ion mobility spectroscopy technologies to deal with the vast number of structural isomers, different imaging techniques. All these techniques have their pitfalls and we have discussed how to circumvent them after reviewing the power of each technique with examples..
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramesh Mullangi
- Laxai Life Sciences Pvt Ltd, MN Park, Genome Valley, Shamirpet, Hyderabad-500 078, India
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125
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Rivera ES, Djambazova KV, Neumann EK, Caprioli RM, Spraggins JM. Integrating ion mobility and imaging mass spectrometry for comprehensive analysis of biological tissues: A brief review and perspective. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2020; 55:e4614. [PMID: 32955134 PMCID: PMC8211109 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) technologies are capable of mapping a wide array of biomolecules in diverse cellular and tissue environments. IMS has emerged as an essential tool for providing spatially targeted molecular information due to its high sensitivity, wide molecular coverage, and chemical specificity. One of the major challenges for mapping the complex cellular milieu is the presence of many isomers and isobars in these samples. This challenge is traditionally addressed using orthogonal liquid chromatography (LC)-based analysis, though, common approaches such as chromatography and electrophoresis are not able to be performed at timescales that are compatible with most imaging applications. Ion mobility offers rapid, gas-phase separations that are readily integrated with IMS workflows in order to provide additional data dimensionality that can improve signal-to-noise, dynamic range, and specificity. Here, we highlight recent examples of ion mobility coupled to IMS and highlight their importance to the field.
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Key Words
- IMS
- desorption electrospray ionization, DESI
- drift tube ion mobility spectrometry, DTIMS
- high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility, FAIMS
- imaging mass spectrometry
- infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization, IR-MALDESI
- ion mobility
- laser ablation electrospray ionization, LAESI
- lipids
- liquid extraction surface analysis, LESA
- liquid microjunction, (LMJ)
- matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization, MALDI
- metabolites
- proteins
- tissue analysis
- trapped ion mobility spectrometry, TIMS
- travelling wave ion mobility spectrometry, TWIMS
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio S. Rivera
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37205, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Katerina V. Djambazova
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Elizabeth K. Neumann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37205, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Richard M. Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37205, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Spraggins
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37205, USA
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 465 21 Ave S #9160, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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126
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An assessment of quality assurance/quality control efforts in high resolution mass spectrometry non-target workflows for analysis of environmental samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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127
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Wang H, Todd DA, Chiu NHL. Enhanced differentiation of isomeric RNA modifications by reducing the size of ions in ion mobility mass spectrometric measurements. J Anal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-020-00243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWith the ability to differentiate different molecular sizes, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has great potentials in the analysis of isomeric compounds. However, due to the lack of sensitivity and resolution, IMS has not been commonly used. To address the issue on resolution, the goals of this study are to explore a more effective way to perform IMS by reducing the size of ions prior to the IM measurements, and apply the new approach to the differentiation of isomeric RNA modifications. The size reduction of ribonucleoside ions was effectively accomplished by using the collision-induced dissociation process, in which the N-glycosidic bond in ribonucleoside was cleaved and split the ions into two parts—a smaller nucleobase ion and a neutral molecule of ribose sugar. Since the chemical group that corresponds to most of the RNA modifications makes up a relatively small part of the molecular structure of nucleobases, the differentiation of the dissociated nucleobase ions is expected to require a lower ion mobility resolution than the differentiation of bigger isomeric ribonucleoside ions. By using RNA methylation as a model in this study, the proposed method lowered the required resolution by 16% for the differentiation of 1-methyladenosine and N6-methyladenosine. Similar results were also obtained from the differentiation of methylated cytidine isomers. In comparison to the results obtained from using the conventional tandem mass spectrometric method, there was no significant loss of signals when the proposed method was used. The proposed method is expected to be applicable to other types of isomeric compounds. Also, the same approach is applicable on other IMS platforms.
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128
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Chen X, Yin Y, Zhou Z, Li T, Zhu ZJ. Development of a combined strategy for accurate lipid structural identification and quantification in ion-mobility mass spectrometry based untargeted lipidomics. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1136:115-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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129
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Saparbaev E, Kopysov V, Aladinskaia V, Ferrieres V, Legentil L, Boyarkin OV. Identification and Quantification of Any Isoforms of Carbohydrates by 2D UV-MS Fingerprinting of Cold Ions. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14624-14632. [PMID: 33138380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Biological functionality of isomeric carbohydrates may differ drastically, making their identifications indispensable in many applications of life science. Because of the large number of isoforms, structural assignment of saccharides is challenging and often requires a use of different orthogonal analytical techniques. We demonstrate that isomeric carbohydrates of any isoforms can be distinguished and quantified using solely the library-based method of 2D ultraviolet fragmentation spectroscopy-mass spectrometry (2D UV-MS) of cold ions. The two-dimensional "fingerprint" identities of UV transparent saccharides were revealed by photofragmentation of their noncovalent complexes with aromatic molecules. We assess the accuracy of the method by comparing the known relative concentrations of isomeric carbohydrates mixed in solution with the concentrations that were mathematically determined from the measured in the gas-phase fingerprints of the complexes. For the tested sets with up to five isomers of di- to heptasaccharides, the root-mean-square deviation of 3-5% was typically achieved. This indicates the expected level of accuracy in analysis of unknown mixtures for isomeric carbohydrates of similar complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Saparbaev
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station-6, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Kopysov
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station-6, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Viktoriia Aladinskaia
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station-6, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Ferrieres
- Université de Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Laurent Legentil
- Université de Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Oleg V Boyarkin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station-6, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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130
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Davis DE, Sherrod SD, Gant-Branum RL, Colby JM, McLean JA. Targeted Strategy to Analyze Antiepileptic Drugs in Human Serum by LC-MS/MS and LC-Ion Mobility-MS. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14648-14656. [PMID: 33047601 PMCID: PMC10103591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Routine small-molecule analysis is challenging owing to the need for high selectivity and/or low limits of quantification. This work reports a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to quantify 14 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in human serum. For the optimized LC-MS/MS method described herein, we applied the guidelines outlined in the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) LC-MS C62-A document and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Bioanalytical Method Validation Guidance for Industry to evaluate the quality of the assay. In these studies, AED linearity, analyte recovery, matrix effects, precision, and accuracy were assessed. Using liquid chromatography-drift tube ion mobility-mass spectrometry (LC-DTIM-MS), a qualitative method was also used to increase confidence in AED identification using accurate mass and collision cross section (CCS) measurements. The LC-DTIM-MS method was also used to assess the ability of drift tube CCS measurements to aid in the separation and identification of AED structural isomers and other AEDs. These data show that another dimension of information, namely CCS measurements, provides an orthogonal dimension of structural information needed for AED analysis. Multiplexed AED measurements using LC-MS/MS and LC-DTIM-MS have the potential to enable better optimization of dosing owing to the high precision capabilities available in these types of analytical studies. Taken together, these data also show the ability to increase confidence in small-molecule identification and quantification using these analytical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don E Davis
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Stacy D Sherrod
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Randi L Gant-Branum
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Jennifer M Colby
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - John A McLean
- Center for Innovative Technology, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Biology, Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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131
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Causon TJ, Hann S. Uncertainty Estimations for Collision Cross Section Determination via Uniform Field Drift Tube-Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:2102-2110. [PMID: 32812758 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Uniform field drift tube ion mobility-mass spectrometry (DTIM-MS) has emerged as a valuable tool for a range of analytical applications. In focus here are standardized collisional cross section values from DTIM-MS (DTCCS) as a candidate identification point for various analytical workflows. Of critical importance in establishing this parameter as a valid identification point is a rugged estimation of uncertainties according to the procedures used for their derivation. Relying on the assumption of the zero-field limit, the primary method of measurement for DTCCS values involves experimental determination of arrival times of an ion measured at several different field strengths transiting a drift tube filled with high purity drift gas, while a method using measurements of external calibrants at a single field strength is employed to allow for online measurements of transient signals (e.g., chromatographic peaks). Both approaches are here considered with respect to the uncertainty of input experimental variables (temperature, pressure, voltages, physical constants) and the steps of the calibration function employed. Estimations of uncertainty were performed according to EURACHEM with Monte Carlo simulations and reveal that existing consensus calibration standards from experimental stepped-field IM-MS determinations have estimated expanded uncertainties in the range of 2.7 to 4.6% (k = 2). Application of these standards for calibration considering these input uncertainties reveals uncertainty estimates of 4.7-9.1% (k = 2) for measured values using an established single-field calibration approach. Finally, directions for improving this situation via new experimental efforts toward standard reference and calibration materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim J Causon
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, Vienna 1190, Austria
| | - Stephan Hann
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, Vienna 1190, Austria
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132
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Zhou Z, Luo M, Chen X, Yin Y, Xiong X, Wang R, Zhu ZJ. Ion mobility collision cross-section atlas for known and unknown metabolite annotation in untargeted metabolomics. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4334. [PMID: 32859911 PMCID: PMC7455731 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolome includes not just known but also unknown metabolites; however, metabolite annotation remains the bottleneck in untargeted metabolomics. Ion mobility - mass spectrometry (IM-MS) has emerged as a promising technology by providing multi-dimensional characterizations of metabolites. Here, we curate an ion mobility CCS atlas, namely AllCCS, and develop an integrated strategy for metabolite annotation using known or unknown chemical structures. The AllCCS atlas covers vast chemical structures with >5000 experimental CCS records and ~12 million calculated CCS values for >1.6 million small molecules. We demonstrate the high accuracy and wide applicability of AllCCS with medium relative errors of 0.5-2% for a broad spectrum of small molecules. AllCCS combined with in silico MS/MS spectra facilitates multi-dimensional match and substantially improves the accuracy and coverage of both known and unknown metabolite annotation from biological samples. Together, AllCCS is a versatile resource that enables confident metabolite annotation, revealing comprehensive chemical and metabolic insights towards biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhou
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingdu Luo
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yandong Yin
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruohong Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Jiang Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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133
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Charles L, Chendo C, Poyer S. Ion mobility spectrometry - Mass spectrometry coupling for synthetic polymers. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 2:e8624. [PMID: 31658387 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review covers applications of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) hyphenated to mass spectrometry (MS) in the field of synthetic polymers. MS has become an essential technique in polymer science, but increasingly complex samples produced to provide desirable macroscopic properties of high-performance materials often require separation of species prior to their mass analysis. Similar to liquid chromatography, the IMS dimension introduces shape selectivity but enables separation at a much faster rate (milliseconds vs minutes). As a post-ionization technique, IMS can be hyphenated to MS to perform a double separation dimension of gas-phase ions, first as a function on their mobility (determined by their charge state and collision cross section, CCS), then as a function of their m/z ratio. Implemented with a variety of ionization techniques, such coupling permits the spectral complexity to be reduced, to enhance the dynamic range of detection, or to achieve separation of isobaric ions prior to their activation in MS/MS experiments. Coupling IMS to MS also provides valuable information regarding the 3D structure of polymer ions in the gas phase and regarding how to address the question of how charges are distributed within the structure. Moreover, the ability of IMS to separate multiply charged species generated by electrospray ionization yields typical IMS-MS 2D maps that permit the conformational dynamics of synthetic polymer chains to be described as a function of their length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Charles
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, 13397, Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Christophe Chendo
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, 13397, Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Salomé Poyer
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, 13397, Marseille Cedex 20, France
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134
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Endres KJ, Barthelmes K, Winter A, Antolovich R, Schubert US, Wesdemiotis C. Collision cross-section analysis of self-assembled metallomacrocycle isomers and isobars via ion mobility mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 2:e8717. [PMID: 31894612 PMCID: PMC9285404 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Coordinatively driven self-assembly of transition metal ions and bidentate ligands gives rise to organometallic complexes that usually contain superimposed isobars, isomers, and conformers. In this study, the double dispersion ability of ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) was used to provide a comprehensive structural characterization of the self-assembled supramolecular complexes by their mass and charge, revealed by the MS event, and their shape and collision cross-section (Ω), revealed by the IM event. METHODS Self-assembled complexes were synthesized by reacting a bis(terpyridine) ligand exhibiting a 60o dihedral angle between the two ligating terpyridine sites (T) with divalent Zn, Ni, Cd, or Fe. The products were isolated as (Metal2+ [T])n (PF6 )2n salts and analyzed using IM-MS after electrospray ionization (ESI) which produced several charge states from each n-mer, depending on the number of PF6 - anions lost upon ESI. Experimental Ω data, derived using IM-MS, and computational Ω predictions were used to elucidate the size and architecture of the complexes. RESULTS Only macrocyclic dimers, trimers, and tetramers were observed with Cd2+ , whereas Zn2+ formed the same plus hexameric complexes. These two metals led to the simplest product distributions and no linear isomers. In sharp contrast, Ni2+ and Fe2+ formed all possible ring sizes from dimer to hexamer as well as various linear isomers. The experimental and theoretical Ω data indicated rather planar macrocyclic geometries for the dimers and trimers, twisted 3D architectures for the larger rings, and substantially larger sizes with spiral conformation for the linear congeners. Adding PF6 - to the same complex was found to mainly cause size contraction due to new stabilizing anion-cation interactions. CONCLUSIONS Complete structural identification could be accomplished using ESI-IM-MS. Our results affirm that self-assembly with Cd2+ and Zn2+ proceeds through reversible equilibria that generate the thermodynamically most stable structures, encompassing exclusively macrocyclic architectures that readily accommodate the 60o ligand used. In contrast, complexation with Ni2+ and Fe2+ , which form stronger coordinative bonds, proceeds through kinetic control, leading to more complex mixtures and kinetically trapped less stable architectures, such as macrocyclic pentamers and linear isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Barthelmes
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 10JenaGermany
- Department of Materials and Applied ChemistryNihon University1‐8‐14 Kanda SurugadaiChiyoda‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Andreas Winter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 10JenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller Universität JenaPhilosophenweg 7JenaGermany
| | | | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstr. 10JenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller Universität JenaPhilosophenweg 7JenaGermany
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Department of Polymer ScienceUniversity of AkronAkronOHUSA
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of AkronAkronOHUSA
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135
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Couvillion SP, Agrawal N, Colby SM, Brandvold KR, Metz TO. Who Is Metabolizing What? Discovering Novel Biomolecules in the Microbiome and the Organisms Who Make Them. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:388. [PMID: 32850487 PMCID: PMC7410922 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Even as the field of microbiome research has made huge strides in mapping microbial community composition in a variety of environments and organisms, explaining the phenotypic influences on the host by microbial taxa-both known and unknown-and their specific functions still remain major challenges. A pressing need is the ability to assign specific functions in terms of enzymes and small molecules to specific taxa or groups of taxa in the community. This knowledge will be crucial for advancing personalized therapies based on the targeted modulation of microbes or metabolites that have predictable outcomes to benefit the human host. This perspective article advocates for the combined use of standards-free metabolomics and activity-based protein profiling strategies to address this gap in functional knowledge in microbiome research via the identification of novel biomolecules and the attribution of their production to specific microbial taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha P. Couvillion
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Neha Agrawal
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Sean M. Colby
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Kristoffer R. Brandvold
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Thomas O. Metz
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
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136
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May JC, Knochenmuss R, Fjeldsted JC, McLean JA. Resolution of Isomeric Mixtures in Ion Mobility Using a Combined Demultiplexing and Peak Deconvolution Technique. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9482-9492. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jody C. May
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | | | | | - John A. McLean
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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137
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Acharya B, Kaushalya WKDN, Martens J, Berden G, Oomens J, Patrick AL. A Combined Infrared Ion Spectroscopy and Computational Chemistry Study of Hydroxyproline Isomers. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:1205-1211. [PMID: 32383378 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyproline is a common variation of proline, with diverse biological roles. The hydroxylation of proline gives rise to several (natural and/or synthetic) isomeric forms, including both positional isomers and stereoisomers. While mass spectrometry is widely touted as a very selective analytical technique, the identification of closely related isomers often poses a challenge. In these cases, allied technologies become helpful in providing full characterization. Here, infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy is used to differentiate between three isomers, namely cis-3-hydroxyproline, cis-4-hydroxyproline, and trans-4-hydroxyproline. In contrast to the protonated species which show only minor variations in their IRMPD spectra, lithiated species were found to display significant spectral differences, making their differentiation more straightforward. The conformational origin of these spectral differences was investigated by complementary quantum-chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baku Acharya
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States
| | - W K D N Kaushalya
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States
| | - Jonathan Martens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Giel Berden
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda L Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States
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138
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Nys G, Nix C, Cobraiville G, Servais AC, Fillet M. Enhancing protein discoverability by data independent acquisition assisted by ion mobility mass spectrometry. Talanta 2020; 213:120812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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139
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Prianichnikov N, Koch H, Koch S, Lubeck M, Heilig R, Brehmer S, Fischer R, Cox J. MaxQuant Software for Ion Mobility Enhanced Shotgun Proteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1058-1069. [PMID: 32156793 PMCID: PMC7261821 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.tir119.001720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion mobility can add a dimension to LC-MS based shotgun proteomics which has the potential to boost proteome coverage, quantification accuracy and dynamic range. Required for this is suitable software that extracts the information contained in the four-dimensional (4D) data space spanned by m/z, retention time, ion mobility and signal intensity. Here we describe the ion mobility enhanced MaxQuant software, which utilizes the added data dimension. It offers an end to end computational workflow for the identification and quantification of peptides and proteins in LC-IMS-MS/MS shotgun proteomics data. We apply it to trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) analyzer. A highly parallelizable 4D feature detection algorithm extracts peaks which are assembled to isotope patterns. Masses are recalibrated with a non-linear m/z, retention time, ion mobility and signal intensity dependent model, based on peptides from the sample. A new matching between runs (MBR) algorithm that utilizes collisional cross section (CCS) values of MS1 features in the matching process significantly gains specificity from the extra dimension. Prerequisite for using CCS values in MBR is a relative alignment of the ion mobility values between the runs. The missing value problem in protein quantification over many samples is greatly reduced by CCS aware MBR.MS1 level label-free quantification is also implemented which proves to be highly precise and accurate on a benchmark dataset with known ground truth. MaxQuant for LC-IMS-MS/MS is part of the basic MaxQuant release and can be downloaded from http://maxquant.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Prianichnikov
- Computational Systems Biochemistry Research Group, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Heiner Koch
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Farenheitstr. 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Scarlet Koch
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Farenheitstr. 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Markus Lubeck
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Farenheitstr. 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sven Brehmer
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Farenheitstr. 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jürgen Cox
- Computational Systems Biochemistry Research Group, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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140
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Luo MD, Zhou ZW, Zhu ZJ. The Application of Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry in Untargeted Metabolomics: from Separation to Identification. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-020-00133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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141
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A preliminary study of rapid-fire high-throughput metabolite analysis using nano-flow injection/Q-TOFMS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:4127-4134. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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142
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Dixit SM, Richardson K, Langridge D, Giles K, Ruotolo BT. A Novel Ion Pseudo-trapping Phenomenon within Traveling Wave Ion Guides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:880-887. [PMID: 32134265 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of traveling wave ion mobility (TWIM) technology in fields such as omics and structural biology motivates efforts to deepen our understanding of ion transport within such devices. Here, we describe a new advancement in TWIM theory, where pseudo-trapping within TW ion guides is characterized in detail. During pseudo-trapping, ions with different mobilities can travel with the same mean velocity, leaving others within the same TWIM experiment to separate as normal. Furthermore, pseudo-trapping limits typical band broadening experienced by ions during TWIM, manifesting as peaks with apparently improved IM resolving power, but all ions that undergo pseudo trapping are unable to separate by IM. SIMION simulations show that ions become locked into a repeated pattern of motion with respect to the TW reference frame during pseudo-trapping. We developed a simplified model capable of reproducing TW pseudo-trapping and reproducing trends observed in experimental data. Our model and simulations suggest that pseudo-trapping occurs only during experiments performed under static TWIM conditions, to an extent that depends on the detailed shape of the traveling wave. We show that pseudo-trapping alters the ion transit times and can adversely affect calibrated CCS measurements. Finally, we provide recommendations for avoiding unintentional pseudo-trapping in TWIM in order to obtain optimal separations and CCS determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugyan M Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Keith Richardson
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, U.K
| | - David Langridge
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, U.K
| | - Kevin Giles
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, U.K
| | - Brandon T Ruotolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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143
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Calabrese V, Lavanant H, Rosu F, Gabelica V, Afonso C. Collision Cross Sections of Phosphoric Acid Cluster Anions in Helium Measured by Drift Tube Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:969-981. [PMID: 32153193 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) has improved structural analysis and compound identification by giving access to the collision cross section (CCS). An increasingly wide and accurate database of CCS values is now available but often without assessment of the influence of different instrumental settings on CCS values. Here, we present 75 CCS values in helium (DTCCSHe) for phosphoric acid cluster anions [(H3PO4)n - zH]z- with charge state (z) up to 4-. The CCS values, noted DTCCSHe, were obtained with a commercial drift tube ion mobility mass spectrometer, in helium, by applying a classic multifield approach. Phosphoric acid clusters are fragile structures that allow to evaluate the effect of different experimental conditions on the retention of weak bonds and their effect on CCS values. We probed harsh and soft voltage gradients in the electrospray (ESI) source before the IMS and two different voltage gradients in the post-IMS region. The variations in the ion mobility and mass spectra consisted in a change in the distribution of the cluster anions aggregation numbers (n) and charge states (z), with a higher amount of multiply charged species for the soft pre-IMS voltage gradient and a lower proportion of cluster dissociation for soft post-IMS conditions. However, the CCS values did not change with experimental conditions for a given cluster, as long as it stays intact from the IMS to the mass analyzer. The DTCCSHe were found in good agreement among 3 to 10 replicated values, with a relative standard deviation between 0.1 and 1.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Calabrese
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Hélène Lavanant
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Frédéric Rosu
- CNRS, University of Bordeaux and INSERM, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB, UMS3033, US001), 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Valérie Gabelica
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM and CNRS, Laboratoire Acides Nucléiques: Régulations Naturelle et Artificielle (ARNA, U1212, UMR5320), Site IECB, 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
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144
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Ross DH, Cho JH, Xu L. Breaking Down Structural Diversity for Comprehensive Prediction of Ion-Neutral Collision Cross Sections. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4548-4557. [PMID: 32096630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Identification of unknowns is a bottleneck for large-scale untargeted analyses like metabolomics or drug metabolite identification. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) provides rapid two-dimensional separation of ions based on their mobility through a neutral buffer gas. The mobility of an ion is related to its collision cross section (CCS) with the buffer gas, a physical property that is determined by the size and shape of the ion. This structural dependency makes CCS a promising characteristic for compound identification, but this utility is limited by the availability of high-quality reference CCS values. CCS prediction using machine learning (ML) has recently shown promise in the field, but accurate and broadly applicable models are still lacking. Here we present a novel ML approach that employs a comprehensive collection of CCS values covering a wide range of chemical space. Using this diverse database, we identified the structural characteristics, represented by molecular quantum numbers (MQNs), that contribute to variance in CCS and assessed the performance of a variety of ML algorithms in predicting CCS. We found that by breaking down the chemical structural diversity using unsupervised clustering based on the MQNs, specific and accurate prediction models for each cluster can be trained, which showed superior performance than a single model trained with all data. Using this approach, we have robustly trained and characterized a CCS prediction model with high accuracy on diverse chemical structures. An all-in-one web interface (https://CCSbase.net) was built for querying the CCS database and accessing the predictive model to support unknown compound identifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan H Ross
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jang Ho Cho
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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145
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Wang C, Timári I, Zhang B, Li DW, Leggett A, Amer AO, Bruschweiler-Li L, Kopec RE, Brüschweiler R. COLMAR Lipids Web Server and Ultrahigh-Resolution Methods for Two-Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance- and Mass Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1674-1683. [PMID: 32073269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accurate identification of lipids in biological samples is a key step in lipidomics studies. Multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool for this purpose as it provides comprehensive structural information on lipid composition at atomic resolution. However, the interpretation of NMR spectra of complex lipid mixtures is currently hampered by limited spectral resolution and the absence of a customized lipid NMR database along with user-friendly spectral analysis tools. We introduce a new two-dimensional (2D) NMR metabolite database "COLMAR Lipids" that was specifically curated for hydrophobic metabolites presently containing 501 compounds with accurate experimental 2D 13C-1H heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) chemical shift data measured in CDCl3. A new module in the public COLMAR suite of NMR web servers was developed for the (semi)automated analysis of complex lipidomics mixtures (http://spin.ccic.osu.edu/index.php/colmarm/index2). To obtain 2D HSQC spectra with the necessary high spectral resolution along both 13C and 1H dimensions, nonuniform sampling in combination with pure shift spectroscopy was applied allowing the extraction of an abundance of unique cross-peaks belonging to hydrophobic compounds in complex lipidomics mixtures. As shown here, this information is critical for the unambiguous identification of underlying lipid molecules by means of the new COLMAR Lipids web server, also in combination with mass spectrometry, as is demonstrated for Caco-2 cell and lung tissue cell extracts.
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146
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Ekelöf M, Dodds J, Khodjaniyazova S, Garrard KP, Baker ES, Muddiman DC. Coupling IR-MALDESI with Drift Tube Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry for High-Throughput Screening and Imaging Applications. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:642-650. [PMID: 31971795 PMCID: PMC7263366 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Because of its high degree of selectivity and chemical resolution, mass spectrometry (MS) is rapidly becoming the analytical method of choice for high-throughput evaluations and clinical diagnostics. While advances in MS resolving power have increased by an order of magnitude over the past decade, advances in sample introduction are still needed for high-throughput screening applications where the time frame of chromatographic separation would limit the duty cycle. Infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) is an ambient ionization source that has been shown to be applicable for direct analyses and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of complex biological samples in a high-throughput manner. To increase a range of detectable features in IR-MALDESI experiments, we integrated the home-built ion source with a commercially available drift tube ion mobility spectrometer-mass spectrometer (IMS-MS) and analyzed small polar molecules, lipids, carbohydrates, and intact proteins. We also describe in detail how the pulsed ionization source was synchronized with IMS-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Måns Ekelöf
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - James Dodds
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Sitora Khodjaniyazova
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kenneth P Garrard
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Precision Engineering Consortium, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Erin S Baker
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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147
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Dodds JN, Hopkins ZR, Knappe DRU, Baker ES. Rapid Characterization of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry (IMS-MS). Anal Chem 2020; 92:4427-4435. [PMID: 32011866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are an ensemble of persistent organic pollutants of global interest because of their associations with adverse health outcomes. Currently, environmental PFAS pollution is prolific as a result of the widespread manufacturing of these compounds and their chemical persistence. In this work, we demonstrate the advantages of adding ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) separation to existing LC-MS workflows for PFAS analysis. Using a commercially available drift tube IMS-MS, we characterized PFAS species and isomeric content in both analytical standards and environmental water samples. Molecular trendlines based on intrinsic mass and structural relationships were also explored for individual PFAS subclasses (e.g. PFSA, PFCA, etc.). Results from rapid IMS-MS analyses provided a link between mass and collision cross sections (CCS) for specific PFAS families and are linked to compositional differences in molecular structure. In addition, CCS values provide additional confidence of annotating prioritized features in untargeted screening studies for potential environmental pollutants. Results from this study show that the IMS separation provides novel information to support traditional LC-MS PFAS analyses and will greatly benefit the evaluation of unknown pollutants in future environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Dodds
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Zachary R Hopkins
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27696, United States
| | - Detlef R U Knappe
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27696, United States
| | - Erin S Baker
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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148
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Naylor CN, Reinecke T, Clowers BH. Assessing the Impact of Drift Gas Polarizability in Polyatomic Ion Mobility Experiments. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4226-4234. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron N. Naylor
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Tobias Reinecke
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Brian H. Clowers
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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149
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Fan J, Lian P, Li M, Liu X, Zhou X, Ouyang Z. Ion Mobility Separation Using a Dual-LIT Miniature Mass Spectrometer. Anal Chem 2020; 92:2573-2579. [PMID: 31940171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility (IM) has been increasingly used in combination with mass spectrometry (MS) for chemical and biological analysis. While implementation of IM with MS usually requires complex instrumentation with delicate controls, in this study we explored the potential of performing IM separation using dual-linear ion traps (LITs) in a miniature mass spectrometer, which was originally developed for performing comprehensive MS/MS scan functions with a simple instrumentation configuration. The IM separation was achieved by ion transfer between the LITs with dynamic gas flow. Its performance was characterized for analysis of a broad range of chemical and biological compounds including small organic compounds such as trisaccharides, raffinose, cellotriose, and melezitose, as well as protein conformers. The demonstrated technique serves as another example of developing powerful hybrid instrument functions with simple configurations and miniaturized sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Penglong Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Ming Li
- NCS Testing Technology Company, Limited , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Xinwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Zheng Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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150
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Fenclova M, Stranska-Zachariasova M, Benes F, Novakova A, Jonatova P, Kren V, Vitek L, Hajslova J. Liquid chromatography-drift tube ion mobility-mass spectrometry as a new challenging tool for the separation and characterization of silymarin flavonolignans. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:819-832. [PMID: 31919606 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Silymarin, milk thistle (Silybum marianum) extract, contains a mixture of mostly isomeric bioactive flavonoids and flavonolignans that are extensively studied, especially for their possible liver-protective and anticancer effects. Because of the differing bioactivities of individual isomeric compounds, characterization of their proportion in a mixture is highly important for predicting its effect on health. However, because of silymarin's complexity, this is hardly feasible by common analytical techniques. In this work, ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with drift tube ion mobility spectrometry and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used. Eleven target silymarin compounds (taxifolin, isosilychristin, silychristins A and B, silydianin, silybins A and B, 2,3-cis-silybin B, isosilybins A and B and 2,3-dehydrosilybin) and five unknown flavonolignan isomers detected in the milk thistle extract were fully separated in a 14.5-min analysis run. All the compounds were characterized on the basis of their accurate mass, retention time, drift time, collision cross section and fragmentation spectra. The quantitative approach based on evaluation of the ion mobility data demonstrated lower detection limits, an extended linear range and total separation of interferences from the compounds of interest compared with the traditional approach based on evaluation of liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry data. The following analysis of a batch of milk thistle-based food supplements revealed significant variability in the silymarin pattern, especially in the content of silychristin A and silybins A and B. This newly developed method might have high application potential, especially for the characterization of materials intended for bioactivity studies in which information on the exact silymarin composition plays a crucial role. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Fenclova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Milena Stranska-Zachariasova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Frantisek Benes
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Novakova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Jonatova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Kren
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Vitek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics and 4th Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine and Faculty General Hospital, Charles University, Katerinska 32, 12108, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hajslova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 16628, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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