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Gulati K, Ding C, Guo T, Guo H, Yu H, Liu Y. Craniofacial therapy: advanced local therapies from nano-engineered titanium implants to treat craniofacial conditions. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:15. [PMID: 36977679 PMCID: PMC10050545 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-engineering-based tissue regeneration and local therapeutic delivery strategies show significant potential to reduce the health and economic burden associated with craniofacial defects, including traumas and tumours. Critical to the success of such nano-engineered non-resorbable craniofacial implants include load-bearing functioning and survival in complex local trauma conditions. Further, race to invade between multiple cells and pathogens is an important criterion that dictates the fate of the implant. In this pioneering review, we compare the therapeutic efficacy of nano-engineered titanium-based craniofacial implants towards maximised local therapy addressing bone formation/resorption, soft-tissue integration, bacterial infection and cancers/tumours. We present the various strategies to engineer titanium-based craniofacial implants in the macro-, micro- and nano-scales, using topographical, chemical, electrochemical, biological and therapeutic modifications. A particular focus is electrochemically anodised titanium implants with controlled nanotopographies that enable tailored and enhanced bioactivity and local therapeutic release. Next, we review the clinical translation challenges associated with such implants. This review will inform the readers of the latest developments and challenges related to therapeutic nano-engineered craniofacial implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Gulati
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Chengye Ding
- Laboratory of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Guo
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Houzuo Guo
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huajie Yu
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China.
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China.
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102
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Hall MW, Wellappuli NC, Huang RC, Wu K, Lam DK, Glogauer M, Beiko RG, Senadheera DB. Suspension of oral hygiene practices highlights key bacterial shifts in saliva, tongue, and tooth plaque during gingival inflammation and resolution. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:23. [PMID: 36966246 PMCID: PMC10039884 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-023-00229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Experimentally induced gingivitis is associated with inflammatory and microbiological changes in an otherwise healthy subject, demonstrating the impacts of discontinuing oral hygiene routines. Understanding the bacterial dynamics during the induction and resolution of gingival inflammation will aid in the development of bacterial prognostic tests and probiotics for severe oral disease. We profiled the bacterial community in 15 healthy subjects who suspended all oral-hygiene practices for three weeks. Saliva, tongue, subgingival, and supragingival plaque samples were collected over seven weeks and showed a return to community baseline after oral hygiene practices were resumed. Stronger temporal changes in subgingival and supragingival plaque suggest these sample types may be preferred over saliva or tongue plaque for future prognostics. Taxonomic groups spanning ten phyla demonstrated consistent abundance shifts, including a significant decrease in Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Actinomyces populations, and an increase in Prevotella, Fusobacterium, and Porphyromonas populations. With four distinct oral sites surveyed and results mapped to the Human Oral Microbiome Database reference set, this work provides a comprehensive taxonomic catalog of the bacterial shifts observed during the onset and resolution of gingival inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruo Chen Huang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kay Wu
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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103
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Shi YT, He JM, Tong ZA, Qian YJ, Wang QW, Jia DJC, Zhu WJ, Zhao YX, Cai BB, Chen SJ, Si MS. Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Drives Colorectal Cancer: An Experimental Model in Mice. J Dent Res 2023; 102:689-698. [PMID: 36942967 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231158269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory oral disease associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Experimental animal models are critical tools to investigate the effects and mechanisms of periodontitis on colorectal cancer. Several murine periodontitis models have been used in research, including oral gavage, periodontal pathogen injection, and ligature models. The role of experimental periodontitis caused by silk ligation in colorectal cancer remains unclear. In this study, we used an experimental periodontitis model on a colitis-associated colorectal cancer model and a spontaneous model, respectively. We observed the promotion of colorectal cancer in ligature-induced periodontitis mice compared to those control mice in 2 different models, as assessed by tumor number, tumor size, and tumor load. Since bacterial dysbiosis is an important feature of periodontitis, we next analyzed the oral and gut microbiomes using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. We found that the experimental periodontitis model reshaped the microbial community in the oral cavity and gut. In addition, we found a higher extent of programmed death 1 (PD-1)-positive CD8+ T-cell infiltration in tumor samples of the periodontitis group than in controls by immunofluorescence staining. Regarding the potential molecular mechanism, we transplanted the fecal microbiota of the periodontitis patient into mice and observed a tumor-promoting effect in the periodontitis group, assessed by tumor volume and tumor weight, together with a low level of INF-γ+ CD8+ T-cell infiltration in subcutaneous tumor mice. Taken together, we show that ligature-induced periodontitis model promotes colorectal cancer by microbiota remodeling and suppression of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - J M He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center for Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Z A Tong
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y J Qian
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q W Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - D J C Jia
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - W J Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Stomatology, the First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Y X Zhao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - B B Cai
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - S J Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center for Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - M S Si
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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104
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Janson TM, Gager Y, Hatz CR, Köhler AK, Gartenmann SJ, Schmidlin PR. Microbial Sampling Using Interdental Brushes and Paper Points around Teeth and Implants: A Pilot Study for Comparison. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061054. [PMID: 36980362 PMCID: PMC10047167 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory periodontal and peri-implant diseases follow dysbiotic shifts in a susceptible host. A well-established tool for microbial sample collection is the use of paper points. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the use of interdental brushes compared to paper points. Biofilm samples were collected with paper points and later interdental brushes from ten patients. Five patients were represented with a community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) of 0–2 around the teeth and an implant with PPD ≤ 5 mm and no radiological bone loss. The remaining five patients had a CPITN ≥ 3 and one implant with peri-implantitis. Microbial samples were analyzed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results showed higher amounts of DNA in samples taken by interdental brushes but also higher Ct values. Both methods detected Filifactor alocis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola in the majority of samples, while Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was rarely found. A microbial dysbiosis index showed comparable or higher values in sites with no periodontitis/peri-implantitis with interdental brushes. The results of this pilot study indicate that interdental brushes might be a valid technique for microbial sampling and particularly advantageous in the early detection of dysbiotic shifts around teeth and implants. Larger studies with more participants are needed to validate the proposed microbial sampling method with interdental brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias M. Janson
- Clinic of Conservative & Preventive Dentistry, Division of Periodontology & Peri-Implant Diseases, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yann Gager
- ParoX Dental Gmbh, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian R. Hatz
- Clinic of Conservative & Preventive Dentistry, Division of Periodontology & Peri-Implant Diseases, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Patrick R. Schmidlin
- Clinic of Conservative & Preventive Dentistry, Division of Periodontology & Peri-Implant Diseases, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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105
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Tamashiro R, Strange L, Schnackenberg K, Santos J, Gadalla H, Zhao L, Li EC, Hill E, Hill B, Sidhu GS, Kirst M, Walker C, Wang GP. Smoking-induced subgingival dysbiosis precedes clinical signs of periodontal disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3755. [PMID: 36882425 PMCID: PMC9992395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking accelerates periodontal disease and alters the subgingival microbiome. However, the relationship between smoking-associated subgingival dysbiosis and progression of periodontal disease is not well understood. Here, we sampled 233 subgingival sites longitudinally from 8 smokers and 9 non-smokers over 6-12 months, analyzing 804 subgingival plaque samples using 16 rRNA sequencing. At equal probing depths, the microbial richness and diversity of the subgingival microbiome was higher in smokers compared to non-smokers, but these differences decreased as probing depths increased. The overall subgingival microbiome of smokers differed significantly from non-smokers at equal probing depths, which was characterized by colonization of novel minority microbes and a shift in abundant members of the microbiome to resemble periodontally diseased communities enriched with pathogenic bacteria. Temporal analysis showed that microbiome in shallow sites were less stable than deeper sites, but temporal stability of the microbiome was not significantly affected by smoking status or scaling and root planing. We identified 7 taxa-Olsenella sp., Streptococcus cristatus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus parasanguinis, Prevotella sp., Alloprevotella sp., and a Bacteroidales sp. that were significantly associated with progression of periodontal disease. Taken together, these results suggest that subgingival dysbiosis in smokers precedes clinical signs of periodontal disease, and support the hypothesis that smoking accelerates subgingival dysbiosis to facilitate periodontal disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Tamashiro
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Leah Strange
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kristin Schnackenberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Janelle Santos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hana Gadalla
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lisa Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eric C Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Emilie Hill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brett Hill
- Department of Endotontics, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gurjit S Sidhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mariana Kirst
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Clay Walker
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gary P Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Medical Service, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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106
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Micu IC, Muntean A, Roman A, Stratul ȘI, Pall E, Ciurea A, Soancă A, Negucioiu M, Barbu Tudoran L, Delean AG. A Local Desiccant Antimicrobial Agent as an Alternative to Adjunctive Antibiotics in the Treatment of Periodontitis: A Narrative Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030456. [PMID: 36978324 PMCID: PMC10044681 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most common oral polymicrobial infectious diseases induced by the complex interplay between the altered subgingival microbiota and the host’s dysregulated immune-inflammatory response, leading to the initiation of progressive and irreversible destruction of the periodontal tissues and eventually to tooth loss. The main goal of cause-related periodontal therapy is to eliminate the dysbiotic subgingival biofilm in order to arrest local inflammation and further periodontal tissue breakdown. Because, in some cases, subgingival mechanical instrumentation has limited efficiency in achieving those goals, various adjunctive therapies, mainly systemic and locally delivered antimicrobials, have been proposed to augment its effectiveness. However, most adjunctive antimicrobials carry side effects; therefore, their administration should be precociously considered. HybenX® (HY) is a commercial therapeutical agent with decontamination properties, which has been studied for its effects in treating various oral pathological conditions, including periodontitis. This review covers the current evidence regarding the treatment outcomes and limitations of conventional periodontal therapies and provides information based on the available experimental and clinical studies related to the HY mechanism of action and effects following its use associated with subgingival instrumentation and other types of dental treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia C. Micu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandrina Muntean
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Avram Iancu St., No. 31, 400117 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ștefan I. Stratul
- Department of Periodontology, Anton Sculean Research Center of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Bulevardul Revoluției din 1989, No.9, 300230 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Emöke Pall
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăștur St., No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Ciurea
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada Soancă
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Marius Negucioiu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor St., No. 32, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucian Barbu Tudoran
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, Clinicilor St., No. 5-7, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Electron Microscopy Integrated Laboratory (LIME), National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Tehnologii Izotopice și Moleculare, 67-103 Donath St., 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ada G. Delean
- Department of Cariology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Moților St., No. 33, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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107
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Ciurea A, Rednic NV, Soancă A, Micu IC, Stanomir A, Oneț D, Șurlin P, Filipescu I, Roman A, Stratul ȘI, Pamfil C. Current Perspectives on Periodontitis in Systemic Sclerosis: Associative Relationships, Pathogenic Links, and Best Practices. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050841. [PMID: 36899985 PMCID: PMC10000920 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a chronic, autoimmune, multisystemic disease characterized by aberrant extracellular matrix protein deposition and extreme progressive microvasculopathy. These processes lead to damage within the skin, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract, but also to facial changes with physiognomic and functional alterations, and dental and periodontal lesions. Orofacial manifestations are common in SSc but are frequently overshadowed by systemic complications. In clinical practice, oral manifestations of SSc are suboptimally addressed, while their management is not included in the general treatment recommendations. Periodontitis is associated with autoimmune-mediated systemic diseases, including systemic sclerosis. In periodontitis, the microbial subgingival biofilm induces host-mediated inflammation with subsequent tissue damage, periodontal attachment, and bone loss. When these diseases coexist, patients experience additive damage, increasing malnutrition, and morbidity. The present review discusses the links between SSc and periodontitis, and provides a clinical guide for preventive and therapeutical approaches in the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Ciurea
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nicolae Voicu Rednic
- Department of Gastroenterology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Croitorilor St., No. 19, 400394 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada Soancă
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iulia Cristina Micu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Stanomir
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Oneț
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Petra Șurlin
- Department of Periodontology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Petru Rareș St., No. 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ileana Filipescu
- Department of Rheumatology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor St., No. 2, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeș St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-722-627-488
| | - Ștefan Ioan Stratul
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Revoluției from 1989 St., No. 9, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Pamfil
- Department of Rheumatology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor St., No. 2, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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108
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Selenomonas sputigena Interactions with Gingival Epithelial Cells That Promote Inflammation. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0031922. [PMID: 36648232 PMCID: PMC9933688 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00319-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased prevalence and abundance of Selenomonas sputigena have been associated with periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues, for more than 50 years. Over the past decade, molecular surveys of periodontal disease using 16S and shotgun metagenomic sequencing approaches have confirmed the disease association of classically recognized periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia while highlighting previously underappreciated organisms such as Filifactor alocis and S. sputigena. Despite abundant clinical association between S. sputigena and periodontal disease, we have little to no understanding of its pathogenic potential, and virulence mechanisms have not been studied. In this study, we sought to characterize the response of gingival epithelial cells to infection with S. sputigena. Here, we show that S. sputigena attaches to gingival keratinocytes and induces expression and secretion of cytokines and chemokines associated with inflammation and leukocyte recruitment. We demonstrate that S. sputigena induces signaling through Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 but evades activation of TLR5. Cytokines released from S. sputigena-infected keratinocytes induced monocyte and neutrophil chemotaxis. These results show that S. sputigena-host interactions have the potential to contribute to bacterially driven inflammation and tissue destruction, the hallmark of periodontitis. Characterization of previously unstudied pathogens may provide novel approaches to develop therapeutics to treat or prevent periodontal disease.
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109
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Gan Z, Xiao Z, Zhang Z, Li Y, Liu C, Chen X, Liu Y, Wu D, Liu C, Shuai X, Cao Y. Stiffness-tuned and ROS-sensitive hydrogel incorporating complement C5a receptor antagonist modulates antibacterial activity of macrophages for periodontitis treatment. Bioact Mater 2023; 25:347-359. [PMID: 36852104 PMCID: PMC9958411 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is admittedly a microbe-driven intractable infectious disease, in which Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) plays a keystone role. Pg can selectively impair the antimicrobial responses of periodontal resident macrophages including their phagocytic and bactericidal activity without interfering their proinflammatory activity, which leads to microflora disturbance, destructive periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss eventually. Here, an injectable ROS-sensitive hydrogel is developed for releasing active bone marrow-derived macrophages (named ex-situ macrophages hereafter) and a complement C5a receptor antagonist (C5A) to the gingival crevice. Through appropriately tuning the hydrogel stiffness, the phagocytic activity of these macrophages is greatly enhanced, reaching an optimal performance at the elastic modulus of 106 kPa. Meanwhile, C5A avoids undesired C5a receptor activation by Pg to ensure the bacterial killing activity of both the ex-situ and in-situ macrophages. Besides, the ROS-sensitive hydrogels show another distinct feature of decreasing the ROS level in periodontal niche, which contributes to the alleviated periodontal inflammation and attenuated bone loss as well. This study highlights the potential of utilizing hydrogels with tailored biomechanical properties to remodel the functions of therapeutic cells, which is expected to find wide applications even beyond periodontitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Gan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Zecong Xiao
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Yang Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Yuanbo Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Dongle Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Chufeng Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Xintao Shuai
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Yang Cao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China,Corresponding author. Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
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Kuraji R, Shiba T, Dong TS, Numabe Y, Kapila YL. Periodontal treatment and microbiome-targeted therapy in management of periodontitis-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with oral and gut dysbiosis. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:967-996. [PMID: 36844143 PMCID: PMC9950865 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i6.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence from multiple areas proposes that periodontal disease, accompanied by oral inflammation and pathological changes in the microbiome, induces gut dysbiosis and is involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A subgroup of NAFLD patients have a severely progressive form, namely nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by histological findings that include inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. NASH has a high risk of further progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The oral microbiota may serve as an endogenous reservoir for gut microbiota, and transport of oral bacteria through the gastro-intestinal tract can set up a gut microbiome dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis increases the production of potential hepatotoxins, including lipopolysaccharide, ethanol, and other volatile organic compounds such as acetone, phenol and cyclopentane. Moreover, gut dysbiosis increases intestinal permeability by disrupting tight junctions in the intestinal wall, leading to enhanced translocation of these hepatotoxins and enteric bacteria into the liver through the portal circulation. In particular, many animal studies support that oral administration of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a typical periodontopathic bacterium, induces disturbances in glycolipid metabolism and inflammation in the liver with gut dysbiosis. NAFLD, also known as the hepatic phenotype of metabolic syndrome, is strongly associated with metabolic complications, such as obesity and diabetes. Periodontal disease also has a bidirectional relationship with metabolic syndrome, and both diseases may induce oral and gut microbiome dysbiosis with insulin resistance and systemic chronic inflammation cooperatively. In this review, we will describe the link between periodontal disease and NAFLD with a focus on basic, epidemiological, and clinical studies, and discuss potential mechanisms linking the two diseases and possible therapeutic approaches focused on the microbiome. In conclusion, it is presumed that the pathogenesis of NAFLD involves a complex crosstalk between periodontal disease, gut microbiota, and metabolic syndrome. Thus, the conventional periodontal treatment and novel microbiome-targeted therapies that include probiotics, prebiotics and bacteriocins would hold great promise for preventing the onset and progression of NAFLD and subsequent complications in patients with periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Kuraji
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Takahiko Shiba
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, United States
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Tien S Dong
- The Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Medicine, University of California David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Yukihiro Numabe
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
| | - Yvonne L Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
- Sections of Biosystems and Function and Periodontics, Professor and Associate Dean of Research, Felix and Mildred Yip Endowed Chair in Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
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111
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Orliaguet M, Fong SB, Le Pottier L, Meuric V, Boisramé S, Bonnaure-Mallet M, Pers JO. Tolerance to intraoral biofilms and their effectiveness in improving mouth dryness and modifying oral microbiota in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: "Predelfi study". Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1071683. [PMID: 37293235 PMCID: PMC10245914 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1071683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction. No therapeutic strategy is sufficient on its own for the management of dry mouth and therapeutic innovations are required. METHODS This Predelfi study was a single-center, prospective, comparative, randomized, double-blind, cross-over controlled study with the primary objective of assessing the tolerance to and effectiveness of two adhesive biofilms (containing prebiotics and, sodium alginate, respectively) in patients with pSS and hyposialia (#NCT04206826 in ClinicalTrials.gov). Secondary objectives were to obtain initial data regarding the clinical effectiveness of such biofilms in the improvement of signs and symptoms related to dry mouth and potential changes in the oral microbiota. Ten pSS patients with pSS were included (9 females and 1 male) with a mean age of 58.1 ± 14.0 years. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Tolerance to the prebiotic and sodium alginate biofilms was assessed by the patients (visual analog scale [VAS] score 66.7 and 87.6, respectively) and the practitioner (90 and 100, respectively). The absolute changes in the VAS scores at the start and end of each treatment period highlighted an improvement in mouth dryness for the sodium alginate versus the prebiotic biofilm. The VAS scores for other parameters (mouth burning sensation; taste alteration; chewing; swallowing and speech difficulties) remained globally comparable between the two groups. Unstimulated salivary flow showed no changes regardless of the biofilm used. Regarding the oral microbiota, the sodium alginate biofilm increased the abundance of the Treponema genus, whereas the use of the prebiotic biofilm as the first treatment increased the abundance of the genera Veillonella and Prevotella. Nevertheless, the prebiotic biofilm appeared to stimulate "milder" genera with regard to periodontal infections. Furthermore, pre-treatment with the prebiotic biofilm prevented the emergence of the Treponema genus induced by subsequent treatment with the sodium alginate biofilm, suggesting a potential protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- Univ Brest, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
- LBAI, U1227, Univ Brest, Inserm, Brest, France
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112
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Xiao X, Liu S, Deng H, Song Y, Zhang L, Song Z. Advances in the oral microbiota and rapid detection of oral infectious diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1121737. [PMID: 36814562 PMCID: PMC9939651 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1121737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that the dysregulation of the oral microbiota plays a crucial role in human health conditions, such as dental caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer, other oral infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, bacteremia, and low birth weight. The use of traditional detection methods in conjunction with rapidly advancing molecular techniques in the diagnosis of harmful oral microorganisms has expanded our understanding of the diversity, location, and function of the microbiota associated with health and disease. This review aimed to highlight the latest knowledge in this field, including microbial colonization; the most modern detection methods; and interactions in disease progression. The next decade may achieve the rapid diagnosis and precise treatment of harmful oral microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xiao
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Deng
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Song
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China,Liang Zhang,
| | - Zhifeng Song
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhifeng Song,
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113
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Zhu B, Serrano M, Buck G. The influence of maternal factors on the neonatal microbiome and health. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2485214. [PMID: 36778490 PMCID: PMC9915805 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2485214/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The human microbiome plays an essential role in human health. However, the influence of maternal factors on the neonatal microbiome remains obscure. Herein, our observations suggest that the neonatal buccal microbiome is similar to the maternal buccal microbiome, but the neonatal gastrointestinal microbiome develops a unique composition at an early stage. The low complexity of the neonatal buccal microbiome is a hallmark of maternal and neonatal health, but that of the neonatal gastrointestinal microbiome is associated with maternal inflammation-related metabolites. Microbial infections in the maternal reproductive tract universally impact the complexity of the neonatal microbiomes, and the body site is most important in modulating the composition of the neonatal microbiomes. Additionally, maternal lipids attenuated the adverse influence of several maternal factors on the neonatal microbiomes. Finally, admission of neonates to the newborn intensive care unit is associated with sub-optimal states of the maternal buccal and rectal microbiomes and maternal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Virginia Commonwealth University
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114
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do Amaral GCLS, Hassan MA, Sloniak MC, Pannuti CM, Romito GA, Villar CC. Effects of antimicrobial mouthwashes on the human oral microbiome: Systematic review of controlled clinical trials. Int J Dent Hyg 2023; 21:128-140. [PMID: 35946140 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aimed to assess the impact of mouthwashes on the composition of the human oral microbiome. METHOD An electronic search algorithm was adapted to MEDLINE-PubMed, Scopus, Embase and ISI Web of Science, and reference lists of relevant sources were manually searched. Inclusion criteria were controlled clinical trials published in English whose population were adult individuals who rinse with antimicrobial mouthwashes and that analysed changes in the oral microbiome by metataxonomy, metagenomics or phylogenetic microarray. Identified studies were screened and assessed following the PRISMA guidelines, and results were compiled into qualitative synthesis of the evidence. RESULTS Five controlled clinical studies were included. These studies found associations between the daily use of mouthwashes and changes in the oral microbiome, but the nature of the effect varied according to the mouthwash. Chlorhexidine (CHX) rinses lowered microbial diversity. While 7-day use of CHX led to increases in the abundance of Neisseria, Streptococcus and Granulicatella and a decrease in the abundance of Actinomyces, its prolonged use led to widespread reductions in several genera and species. Cetylpyridinium chloride-containing mouthwashes specifically lowered the abundance of gingivitis-associated genera. In contrast, N-acetyl cysteine-based mouthwashes did not promote changes in the oral microbiome. CONCLUSIONS Despite substantial heterogeneity, we found evidence to support the hypothesis that CHX and CPC mouthwashes promote changes in oral microbial structure and/or reductions in community diversity that favour the resolution of dysbiosis. However, future large population-based studies of adequate duration are needed to fully understand the extent to which antimicrobial mouthwashes modulate the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudio Mendes Pannuti
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe A Romito
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Cunha Villar
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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115
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Irie K, Yamamoto T, Azuma T, Iwai K, Yonenaga T, Tomofuji T. Association between Periodontal Condition and Fat Distribution in Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Check-Up Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1699. [PMID: 36767065 PMCID: PMC9914211 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Some studies have reported a significant association between periodontal condition and obesity status. We hypothesized that visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) volumes might be correlated with periodontal condition. The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between periodontal condition and fat distribution in Japanese adults. A total of 158 participants, aged 35-74 years, underwent a health check-up including fat distribution and oral examinations. All of the participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging to quantify VFA and SFA. Periodontal condition was evaluated using the periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level. The VFA volumes differed among the PPD score and clinical attachment level (CAL) code groups. On the other hand, no significant differences in SFA volume were observed among different periodontal conditions. Multiple regression analysis showed that VFA was positively correlated with a greater CAL (standardized coefficient β = 0.123, p = 0.009), but not with a greater PPD score. A larger VFA was positively associated with a greater CAL in Japanese adults, whereas no association was found between SFA and periodontal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Irie
- Department of Dental Sociology, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Sociology, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Azuma
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
| | - Komei Iwai
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Yonenaga
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
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116
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Zhao N, Zhang Q, Guo Y, Cui S, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Wang X. Oral microbiome contributes to the failure of orthodontic temporary anchorage devices (TADs). BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:22. [PMID: 36650527 PMCID: PMC9844000 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stability of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) is critical in orthodontic clinics. The failure of TADs is multifactorial, and the role of the oral microbiome has not been clearly defined. Herein, we attempted to analyze the contribution of the oral microbiome to the failure of TADs. METHODS Next-generation sequencing was adopted for analyzing the microbiome on the TADs from orthodontic patients. 29 TADs (15 failed TADs and 14 successful TADs) were used for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A total of 135 TADs (62 failed TADs and 73 successful TADs) were collected to conduct metagenomic sequencing. Additionally, 34 verified samples (18 failed TADs and 16 successful TADs) were collected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Successful and failed TADs demonstrated discrepancies in microbiome structure, composition, and function. Clear separations were found in β-diversity in 16S rRNA gene sequencing as well as metagenomic sequencing (p < 0.05). Metagenomic sequencing showed that Prevotella intermedia, Eikenella corrodens, Parvimonas spp., Neisseria elongata, and Catonella morbi were enriched in the failed groups. qRT-PCR also demonstrated that the absolute bacteria load of Prevotella intermedia was higher in failed TADs (p < 0.05). Considering functional aspects, the failed group showed enriched genes involved in flagellar assembly, bacterial chemotaxis, and oxidative phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrated the compositional and functional differences of microorganisms found on successful and failed TADs, indicating that controlling bacterial adhesion on the surface of TADs is essential for their success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningrui Zhao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Qian Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22# Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yanning Guo
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Shengjie Cui
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yajing Tian
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yanheng Zhou
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Beijing, 100081 China
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Yamaguchi-Kuroda Y, Kikuchi Y, Kokubu E, Ishihara K. Porphyromonas gingivalis diffusible signaling molecules enhance Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilm formation via gene expression modulation. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2165001. [PMID: 36687169 PMCID: PMC9848294 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2165001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is caused by a dysbiotic shift in the dental plaque microbiome. Fusobacterium nucleatum is involved in the colonization of Porphyromonas gingivalis, which plays a key role in dysbiosis, via coaggregation and synergy with this microorganism. Aim We investigated the effect of diffusible signaling molecules from P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 on F. nucleatum TDC 100 to elucidate the synergistic mechanisms involved in dysbiosis. Methods The two species were cocultured separated with an 0.4-µm membrane in tryptic soy broth, and F. nucleatum gene expression profiles in coculture with P. gingivalis were compared with those in monoculture. Results RNA sequencing revealed 139 genes differentially expressed between the coculture and monoculture. The expression of 52 genes was upregulated, including the coaggregation ligand-coding gene. Eighty-seven genes were downregulated. Gene Ontology analysis indicated enrichment for the glycogen synthesis pathway and a decrease in de novo synthesis of purine and pyrimidine. Conclusion These results indicate that diffusible signaling molecules from P. gingivalis induce metabolic changes in F. nucleatum, including an increase in polysaccharide synthesis and reduction in de novo synthesis of purine and pyrimidine. The metabolic changes may accelerate biofilm formation by F. nucleatum with P. gingivalis. Further, the alterations may represent potential therapeutic targets for preventing dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Yamaguchi-Kuroda
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Tokyo 101-0061, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kikuchi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Kanda-Misakicho, Tokyo 101-0061, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Eitoyo Kokubu
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Kanda-Misakicho, Tokyo 101-0061, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Ishihara
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Kanda-Misakicho, Tokyo 101-0061, Chiyoda-ku, Japan,CONTACT Kazuyuki Ishihara Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo101-0061, Japan
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Metaproteomic Analysis of an Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Dataset Suggests Diagnostic Potential of the Mycobiome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021050. [PMID: 36674563 PMCID: PMC9865486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common head and neck malignancy, with an estimated 5-year survival rate of only 40-50%, largely due to late detection and diagnosis. Emerging evidence suggests that the human microbiome may be implicated in OSCC, with oral microbiome studies putatively identifying relevant bacterial species. As the impact of other microbial organisms, such as fungi and viruses, has largely been neglected, a bioinformatic approach utilizing the Trans-Proteomic Pipeline (TPP) and the R statistical programming language was implemented here to investigate not only bacteria, but also viruses and fungi in the context of a publicly available, OSCC, mass spectrometry (MS) dataset. Overall viral, bacterial, and fungal composition was inferred in control and OSCC patient tissue from protein data, with a range of proteins observed to be differentially enriched between healthy and OSCC conditions, of which the fungal protein profile presented as the best potential discriminator of OSCC within the analysed dataset. While the current project sheds new light on the fungal and viral spheres of the oral microbiome in cancer in silico, further research will be required to validate these findings in an experimental setting.
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Àlvarez G, Arredondo A, Isabal S, Teughels W, Laleman I, Contreras MJ, Isbej L, Huapaya E, Mendoza G, Mor C, Nart J, Blanc V, León R. Association of nine pathobionts with periodontitis in four South American and European countries. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2188630. [PMID: 36950255 PMCID: PMC10026778 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2188630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Our aim was to compare the prevalence and load of nine pathobionts in subgingival samples of healthy individuals and periodontitis patients from four different countries. Methods Five hundred and seven subgingival biofilm samples were collected from healthy subjects and periodontitis patients in Belgium, Chile, Peru and Spain. The prevalence and load of Eubacterium brachy, Filifactor alocis, Fretibacterium fastidiosum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Selenomonas sputigena, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema socranskii were measured by quantitative PCR. Results The association with periodontitis of all species, except for T. socranskii, was confirmed in all countries but Peru, where only P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis and T. denticola were found to be significantly associated. Moreover, most species showed higher loads at greater CAL and PPD, but not where there was BOP. Through Principal Component Analysis, samples showed clearly different distributions by diagnosis, despite observing a smaller separation in Peruvian samples. Conclusions Unlike prevalence, relative load was found to be a reliable variable to discriminate the association of the species with periodontitis. Based on this, F. alocis, P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis, T. denticola and T. forsythia may be biomarkers of disease in Belgium, Chile and Spain, due to their significantly higher abundance in periodontitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Àlvarez
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Alexandre Arredondo
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Sergio Isabal
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Wim Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Laleman
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - María José Contreras
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Isbej
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Programme, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Huapaya
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Gerardo Mendoza
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Department of Periodontics, University of Pennsylvania, School of dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carolina Mor
- Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Nart
- Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Blanc
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Rubén León
- Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- CONTACT Rubén León Department of Microbiology, DENTAID Research Center, Ronda Can Fatjó no. 10, 08290, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Noble JM, Papapanou PN. With Teeth, Broken, or Fixed: The Challenges of Linking Periodontitis, Neuroepidemiology, and Biomarkers of Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 93:991-994. [PMID: 37248907 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory, bacterially-driven disease of the tooth-supporting tissues that shares several risk factors and elements of host response with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Epidemiological studies have identified relatively consistent associations between adverse oral health conditions and ADRD. In this issue of the journal, a large study from the UK Biobank further explores these relationships along with MRI cognitive biomarkers. Despite its strength due to the large sample size, challenges in the study of periodontitis and neuroepidemiology markers include potential sampling bias, appropriate assessment of exposures, and the possibility of reverse causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Noble
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, GH Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Panos N Papapanou
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Abstract
Culture-independent nucleic acid technologies have been extensively applied to the analysis of oral bacterial communities associated with healthy and diseased conditions. These methods have confirmed and substantially expanded the findings from culture studies to reveal the oral microbial inhabitants and candidate pathogens associated with the major oral diseases. Over 1000 bacterial distinct species-level taxa have been identified in the oral cavity and studies using next-generation DNA sequencing approaches indicate that the breadth of bacterial diversity is even much larger. Nucleic acid technologies have also been helpful in profiling bacterial communities and identifying disease-related patterns. This chapter provides an overview of the diversity and taxonomy of oral bacteria associated with health and disease.
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Soto C, Rojas V, Yáñez L, Hidalgo A, Olivera M, Pacheco M, Venegas D, Salinas D, Bravo D, Quest AF. Porphyromonas gingivalis-Helicobacter pylori co-incubation enhances Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and increases migration of infected human oral keratinocytes. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2107691. [PMID: 35978839 PMCID: PMC9377229 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2107691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Porphyromonas gingivalis is part of the subgingival biofilm and a keystone species in the development of periodontitis. Interactions between P.gingivalis and other bacteria in biofilms have been shown to affect bacterial virulence. Helicobacter pylori also inhabits the subgingival biofilm, but the consequences of interactions there with P.gingivalis remain unknown. Here, we investigated how the pre-incubation of P.gingivalis with H.pylori affects P.gingivalis virulence. Methods We assayed P.gingivalis internalization by oral keratinocytes (OKs), hemagglutination and biofilm formation to identify alterations in virulence after pre-incubation with H. pylori. Also, we evaluated viability and migration of OKs infected with P. gingivalis, as well as the role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In addition, we quantified the mRNA of genes associated with P.gingivalis virulence. Results Pre-incubation of P.gingivalis with H.pylori enhanced P.gingivalis biofilm formation, bacterial internalization into OKs and hemagglutination. Infection with pre-incubated P.gingivalis increased OK migration in a manner dependent on the O-antigen and linked to increased expression of the gingipain RgpB. Also, OK TLR4 participates in these events, because upon TLR4 knock-down, pre-incubated P.gingivalis no longer stimulated OK migration. Discussion We provide here for the first time insight to the consequences of direct interaction between P.gingivalis and H.pylori. In doing so, we shed light on the mechanism by which H. pylori presence in the oral cavity increases the severity or progression of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristopher Soto
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (Accdis), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victoria Rojas
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (Accdis), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lucas Yáñez
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonio Hidalgo
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (Accdis), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Olivera
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martín Pacheco
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Darna Venegas
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Salinas
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Denisse Bravo
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew F.G. Quest
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (Accdis), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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123
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Xu X, Peng X. Transposon mutagenesis in oral streptococcus. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2104951. [PMID: 35903085 PMCID: PMC9318214 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2104951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral streptococci are gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacteria that are normal inhabitants of the human oral cavity and play an important role in maintaining oral microecological balance and pathogenesis. Transposon mutagenesis is an effective genetic manipulation strategy for studying the function of genomic features. In order to study cariogenic related genes and crucial biological element genes of oral Streptococcus, transposon mutagenesis was widely used to identify functional genes. With the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and the development of transposon random mutation library construction methods, transposon insertion sequencing (TIS) came into being. Benefiting from high-throughput advances in NGS, TIS was able to evaluate the fitness contribution and essentiality of genetic features in the bacterial genome. The application of transposon mutagenesis, including TIS, to oral streptococci provided a massive amount of valuable detailed linkage data between genetic fitness and genetic backgrounds, further clarify the processes of colonization, virulence, and persistence and provides a more reliable basis for investigating relationships with host ecology and disease status. This review focuses on transposon mutagenesis, including TIS, and its applicability in oral streptococci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Contribution of -Omics Technologies in the Study of Porphyromonas gingivalis during Periodontitis Pathogenesis: A Minireview. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010620. [PMID: 36614064 PMCID: PMC9820714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a non-communicable chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the progressive and irreversible breakdown of the soft periodontal tissues and resorption of teeth-supporting alveolar bone. The etiology of periodontitis involves dysbiotic shifts in the diversity of microbial communities inhabiting the subgingival crevice, which is dominated by anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis. Indeed, P. gingivalis is a keystone pathogen with a repertoire of attributes that allow it to colonize periodontal tissues and influence the metabolism, growth rate, and virulence of other periodontal bacteria. The pathogenic potential of P. gingivalis has been traditionally analyzed using classical biochemical and molecular approaches. However, the arrival of new techniques, such as whole-genome sequencing, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, allowed the generation of high-throughput data, offering a suitable option for bacterial analysis, allowing a deeper understanding of the pathogenic properties of P. gingivalis and its interaction with the host. In the present review, we revise the use of the different -omics technologies and techniques used to analyze bacteria and discuss their potential in studying the pathogenic potential of P. gingivalis.
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125
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Colamarino AN, Johnson TM, Boudreaux DM, Dutner JM, Stancoven BW, Lincicum AR, Akers JA. Influence of Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, and prebiotic inulin on dysbiotic dental biofilm composition ex vivo. J Periodontol 2022. [PMID: 36542391 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotic bacterial supplementation has shown promising results in the treatment of periodontitis and the maintenance of periodontal health. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of Lactobacillus reuteri or Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis supplementation with and without prebiotic inulin on biofilm composition using an ex vivo biofilm model. METHODS Subgingival plaque specimens from three periodontitis-affected human donors were used to grow biofilms on hydroxyapatite disks in media supplemented with varying combinations of prebiotic inulin, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis. Relative abundances of bacterial genera present in mature biofilms were evaluated using 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing. Diversity metrics of microbial communities were evaluated using a next-generation microbiome bioinformatics platform. RESULTS Inulin supplementation produced statistically significant dose-dependent increases in relative abundances of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species (p < 0.001) with concomitant decreases in relative abundances of Streptococcus, Veillonella, Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, and Prevotella species (p < 0.001). Inoculation with L. reuteri or B. animalis subsp. lactis increased the relative abundance of only the supplemented probiotic genera (p < 0.05). Supplemental inulin led to a statistically significant decrease in biofilm alpha diversity (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The described ex vivo model appears suitable for investigating the effects of probiotic bacteria, prebiotic oligosaccharides, and combinations thereof on biofilm composition and complexity. Within the limitations imposed by this model, results from the present study underscore the potential for prebiotic inulin to modify biofilm composition favorably. Additional research further elucidating biologic rationale and controlled clinical research defining therapeutic benefits is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron N Colamarino
- Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Fort Gordon, Georgia, USA
| | - Thomas M Johnson
- Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Fort Gordon, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Joseph M Dutner
- Department of Endodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Fort Gordon, Georgia, USA
| | - Brian W Stancoven
- Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Fort Gordon, Georgia, USA
| | - Adam R Lincicum
- Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Fort Gordon, Georgia, USA
| | - Joshua A Akers
- Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Fort Gordon, Georgia, USA
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Moraitou M, Forsythe A, Fellows Yates JA, Brealey JC, Warinner C, Guschanski K. Ecology, Not Host Phylogeny, Shapes the Oral Microbiome in Closely Related Species. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6874787. [PMID: 36472532 PMCID: PMC9778846 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Host-associated microbiomes are essential for a multitude of biological processes. Placed at the contact zone between external and internal environments, the little-studied oral microbiome has important roles in host physiology and health. Here, we investigate the roles of host evolutionary relationships and ecology in shaping the oral microbiome in three closely related gorilla subspecies (mountain, Grauer's, and western lowland gorillas) using shotgun metagenomics of 46 museum-preserved dental calculus samples. We find that the oral microbiomes of mountain gorillas are functionally and taxonomically distinct from the other two subspecies, despite close evolutionary relationships and geographic proximity with Grauer's gorillas. Grauer's gorillas show intermediate bacterial taxonomic and functional, and dietary profiles. Altitudinal differences in gorilla subspecies ranges appear to explain these patterns, suggesting a close connection between dental calculus microbiomes and the environment, likely mediated through diet. This is further supported by the presence of gorilla subspecies-specific phyllosphere/rhizosphere taxa in the oral microbiome. Mountain gorillas show a high abundance of nitrate-reducing oral taxa, which may promote adaptation to a high-altitude lifestyle by modulating blood pressure. Our results suggest that ecology, rather than evolutionary relationships and geographic distribution, shape the oral microbiome in these closely related species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James A Fellows Yates
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany,Department of Paleobiotechnology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jaelle C Brealey
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christina Warinner
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany,Department of Paleobiotechnology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany,Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Analysis of the Oral Microbiome in a Patient with Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome and Severe Periodontal Disease: Impact of Systemic Antibiotic Therapy. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121754. [PMID: 36551411 PMCID: PMC9774349 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An 8-year-old girl diagnosed with cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome presented to our department with gingival pain, inflammation, and bleeding. Her medical history included hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, intellectual disability, trichothiodystrophy, global developmental delay, myopia, laryngomalacia, hypothyroidism, and osteoporosis. A diagnosis was reached of "periodontitis as a direct manifestation of systemic diseases". During 9 years of follow-up, there were exacerbation episodes with spontaneous gum bleeding, ulcers in the interdental papilla, tooth mobility, and progressive tooth loss. Some of these exacerbation episodes resolved clinically with the administration of amoxicillin and metronidazole. We therefore proposed an oral microbiome study (subgingival and saliva samples) before and after antibiotic therapy. The most abundant genera at the subgingival level before administering antibiotics were Prevotella, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, and Aggregatibacter. Of the 94 genera sequenced, 57 were less abundant in the post-treatment state than at baseline, particularly certain Gram-negative periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas, Treponema, Aggregatibacter, Fusobacterium, and Campylobacter. In contrast, other genera related to oral health, such as Haemophilus, Granulicatella, and Abiotrophia, showed an increase after administering the antibiotic. In conclusion, periodontitis exacerbations as a direct manifestation of systemic disease can occasionally be controlled exclusively with systemic antibiotics, without the need for performing mechanical periodontal therapy. This clinical recovery is correlated to substantial changes in the oral microbiome, which lead to the recovery of eubiosis of the microbiota.
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128
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Gain a Baby Lose a Tooth-Is There an Association between Periodontitis and Preterm Birth? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237183. [PMID: 36498757 PMCID: PMC9739114 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth serves as one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality worldwide. The underlying mechanisms that contribute to preterm birth are not yet fully understood. However, an association between periodontitis and preterm birth has been proposed. The periodontal status and presence of periodontal pathogens in women with different birth outcomes have been previously examined. However, varying definitions of periodontitis and different microbiological methods make their interpretation challenging. The aim of this case-control study on women with and without preterm birth was to investigate their periodontal status using the current classification system for periodontal diseases. Moreover, differences in the periodontal microbiome of the study participants were investigated. Therefore, we collected data on oral and periodontal parameters in 77 puerperal women divided into two groups based on gestational age at delivery: 33 patients with preterm birth (PTB, <37 weeks) and 44 patients with term birth (TB, >37 weeks). These data included pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival-bleeding index, DMFT index, and gynecologic and dental history. In addition, their oral microbiome was explored. Median CAL and percentage PPD ≥ 4 mm were significantly higher in the PTB group than in the TB group (p = 0.0128 and p = 0.047, respectively). Birth weight was significantly higher in periodontally healthy women than in those with gingivitis (p = 0.0078) or periodontitis (p = 0.0127). The periodontal microbiome differed significantly between groups. Our results are underlining the possible association between periodontitis and preterm delivery. Women with periodontitis had babies with significantly lower birth weights. The microbiome varied between the groups.
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129
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McLean AR, Torres-Morales J, Dewhirst FE, Borisy GG, Welch JLM. Site-tropism of streptococci in the oral microbiome. Mol Oral Microbiol 2022; 37:229-243. [PMID: 36073311 PMCID: PMC9691528 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of where bacteria localize is necessary to advance microbial ecology and microbiome-based therapeutics. The site-specialist hypothesis predicts that most microbes in the human oral cavity have a primary habitat type within the mouth where they are most abundant. We asked whether this hypothesis accurately describes the distribution of the members of the genus Streptococcus, a clinically relevant taxon that dominates most oral sites. Prior analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing data indicated that some oral Streptococcus clades are site-specialists while others may be generalists. However, within complex microbial populations composed of numerous closely related species and strains, such as the oral streptococci, genome-scale analysis is necessary to provide the resolution to discriminate closely related taxa with distinct functional roles. Here, we assess whether individual species within this genus are specialists using publicly available genomic sequence data that provide species-level resolution. We chose a set of high-quality representative genomes for human oral Streptococcus species. Onto these genomes, we mapped shotgun metagenomic sequencing reads from supragingival plaque, tongue dorsum, and other sites in the oral cavity. We found that every abundant Streptococcus species in the healthy human oral cavity showed strong site-tropism and that even closely related species such as S. mitis, S. oralis, and S. infantis specialized in different sites. These findings indicate that closely related bacteria can have distinct habitat distributions in the absence of dispersal limitation and under similar environmental conditions and immune regimes. Substantial overlap between the core genes of these three species suggests that site-specialization is determined by subtle differences in genomic content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R. McLean
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
| | | | - Floyd E. Dewhirst
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | - Jessica L. Mark Welch
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
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Prevalence of Microorganisms in Atherosclerotic Plaques of Coronary Arteries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8678967. [PMID: 36506809 PMCID: PMC9731758 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8678967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the existence of pathogens in atherosclerotic plaques of coronary arteries was investigated in coronary arteries diseases (CAD) patients. Methods This study was designed and implemented up to 31 August 2020. The findings present according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) checklist. Two independent reviewers (I.RJ and S.H) performed a comprehensive search on four different English databases including PubMed, ISI, Scopus, and Embase. In order to assess the quality of the articles, a checklist prepared by The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used. Results Finally, 44 studies were selected. The prevalence of different microorganisms in coronary arteries were as follows: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (46.2%), Campylobacter rectus (43.0%), Chlamydia pneumonia (42.8%), Cytomegalovirus (29.1%), Helicobacter pylori (18.9%), Herpes simplex virus type 1 (5.9%), Porphyromonas gingivalis (42.6%), Prevotella intermedia (47.6%), Tannerella forsythia (43.7%), and Treponema denticola (32.9%). Conclusion Based on the result of this meta-analysis, Prevotella intermedia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are the most common microorganisms in atherosclerotic plaques of coronary arteries and may have an important role in the development of atherosclerosis.
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131
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Li Y, Zhu M, Liu Y, Luo B, Cui J, Huang L, Chen K, Liu Y. The oral microbiota and cardiometabolic health: A comprehensive review and emerging insights. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010368. [PMID: 36466857 PMCID: PMC9716288 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There is mounting evidence demonstrating that oral dysbiosis causes periodontal disease and promotes the development of cardiovascular disease. The advancement of omics techniques has driven the optimization of oral microbiota species analysis and has provided a deeper understanding of oral pathogenic bacteria. A bi-directional relationship exists between the oral microbiota and the host, and oral-gut microbiota transfer is known to alter the composition of the gut microbiota and may cause local metabolic disorders. Furthermore, cardiovascular health can also be highly affected by oral microbiota functions and metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and some lipid metabolites. Studies have found that trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) may have adverse effects on cardiovascular health, whereas SCFAs, NO, and H2S have cardioprotective effects. SCFAs and H2S exert varying oral and cardiovascular effects, however reports on this specific topic remain controversial. Previous evidences are accustomed to summarizing the functions of oral microbiota in the context of periodontitis. The direct relationship between oral microbiota and cardiovascular diseases is insufficient. By systematically summarizing the methods associated with oral microbiota transplantation (OMT), this review facilitates an investigation into the causal links between oral microbiota and cardiovascular disease. The concomitant development of omics, bioinformatics, bacterial culture techniques, and microbiota transplantation techniques is required to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between oral microbiota and cardiovascular disease occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- The Second Department of Gerontology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Binyu Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- China Center for Evidence-based Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keji Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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132
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Liu Y, Qv W, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Ding C, Chu M, Chen F. The interplay between oral microbes and immune responses. Front Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1009018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral microbes play a critical role in maintaining oral homeostasis. Microbial dysbiosis promotes disease pathogenesis through several mechanisms. Recent studies have revealed that microbial imbalance and sustained inflammation are involved in disease progression. The adverse interaction triggered by a host immune response to microorganisms can lead to oral and systemic diseases. Here, we reviewed how oral microbes communicate with hosts during the development of local and distant inflammation. Elucidation of these processes may reveal future directions in this field and the potential targets of novel biological therapies for oral and systemic diseases.
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133
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Liu J, Dan R, Zhou X, Xiang J, Wang J, Liu J. Immune senescence and periodontitis: From mechanism to therapy. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1025-1040. [PMID: 36218054 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0822-645rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent infectious inflammatory diseases, characterized by irreversible destruction of the supporting tissues of teeth, which is correlated with a greater risk of multiple systemic diseases, thus regarded as a major health concern. Dysregulation between periodontal microbial community and host immunity is considered to be the leading cause of periodontitis. Comprehensive studies have unveiled the double-edged role of immune response in the development of periodontitis. Immune senescence, which is described as age-related alterations in immune system, including a diminished immune response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, a decline in the efficiency of immune protection, and even failure in immunity build-up after vaccination, leads to the increased susceptibility to infection. Recently, the intimate relationship between immune senescence and periodontitis has come into focus, especially in the aging population. In this review, both periodontal immunity and immune senescence will be fully introduced, especially their roles in the pathology and progression of periodontitis. Furthermore, novel immunotherapies targeting immune senescence are presented to provide potential targets for research and clinical intervention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruichen Dan
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueman Zhou
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Laboratory for Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Girija AS, Ganesh PS. Functional biomes beyond the bacteriome in the oral ecosystem. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:217-226. [PMID: 35814739 PMCID: PMC9260289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective constraint and pressures upon the host tissues often signifies a beneficial microbiome in any species. In the context of oral microbiome this displays a healthy microbial cosmos resisting the colonization and helps in rendering protection. This review highlights the endeavors of the oral microbiome beyond the bacteriome encompassing virome, mycobiome, protozoa and archaeomes in maintaining the oral homeostasis in health and disease. Scientific data based on the peer-reviewed publications on the microbial communities of the oral microbiome were selected and collated from the scientific database collection sites of web of science (WOS), pubmed central, Inspec etc., from 2010 to 2021 using the search key words like oral microbiome, oral microbiota, oral virome, oral bacteriome, oral mycobiome and oral archaeome. Data excluded were from conference proceedings, abstracts and book chapters. The oral homeostasis in both the health and disease conditions, mostly is balanced by the unrevealed virome, mycobiome, oral protozoa and archaeome. The review documents the need to comprehend the diversity that prevails among the kingdoms in order to determine the specific role played by each domain. Oral microbiome is also a novel research arena to develop drug and targeted therapies to treat various oro-dental infections.
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135
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Yin L, Li X, Hou J. Macrophages in periodontitis: A dynamic shift between tissue destruction and repair. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:336-347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Rabe A, Gesell Salazar M, Michalik S, Kocher T, Below H, Völker U, Welk A. Impact of different oral treatments on the composition of the supragingival plaque microbiome. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2138251. [PMID: 36338832 PMCID: PMC9629129 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2138251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental plaque consists of a diverse microbial community embedded in a complex structure of exopolysaccharides. Dental biofilms form a natural barrier against pathogens but lead to oral diseases in a dysbiotic state. Objective Using a metaproteome approach combined with a standard plaque-regrowth study, this pilot study examined the impact of different concentrations of lactoperoxidase (LPO) on early plaque formation, and active biological processes. Design Sixteen orally healthy subjects received four local treatments as a randomized single-blind study based on a cross-over design. Two lozenges containing components of the LPO-system in different concentrations were compared to a placebo and Listerine®. The newly formed dental plaque was analyzed by mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS). Results On average 1,916 metaproteins per sample were identified, which could be assigned to 116 genera and 1,316 protein functions. Listerine® reduced the number of metaproteins and their relative abundance, confirming the plaque inhibiting effect. The LPO-lozenges triggered mainly higher metaprotein abundances of early and secondary colonizers as well as bacteria associated with dental health but also periodontitis. Functional information indicated plaque biofilm growth. Conclusion In conclusion, the mechanisms on plaque biofilm formation of Listerine® and the LPO-system containing lozenges are different. In contrast to Listerine®, the lozenges led to a higher bacterial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rabe
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17475Greifswald, Germany,CONTACT Alexander Rabe University Medicine Greifswald, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17489Greifswald, Germany
| | - Manuela Gesell Salazar
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17475Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan Michalik
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17475Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Center for Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School of University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstraße 42-44, 17489
| | - Harald Below
- Institute for Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Walter-Rathenau-Straße 49 A17475Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8, 17475Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Welk
- Center for Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School of University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstraße 42-44, 17489
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Treponema denticola Induces Interleukin-36γ Expression in Human Oral Gingival Keratinocytes via the Parallel Activation of NF-κB and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0024722. [PMID: 36040155 PMCID: PMC9584330 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00247-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral epithelial barrier acts as both a physical barrier to the abundant oral microbiome and a sentry for the immune system that, in health, constrains the accumulation of the polymicrobial plaque biofilm. The immune homeostasis during gingivitis that is largely protective becomes dysregulated, unproductive, and destructive to gingival tissue as periodontal disease progresses to periodontitis. The progression to periodontitis is associated with the dysbiosis of the oral microbiome, with increasing prevalences and abundances of periodontal pathogens such as Treponema denticola. Despite the association of T. denticola with a chronic inflammatory disease, relatively little is known about gingival epithelial cell responses to T. denticola infection. Here, we characterized the transcriptome of gingival keratinocytes following T. denticola challenge and identified interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ) as the most differentially expressed cytokine. IL-36γ expression is regulated by p65 NF-κB and the activation of both the Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways downstream of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Finally, we demonstrate for the first time that mitogen- and stress-activated kinase 1 (MSK1) contributes to IL-36γ expression and may link the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling. These findings suggest that the interactions of T. denticola with the gingival epithelium lead to elevated IL-36γ expression, which may be a critical inducer and amplifier of gingival inflammation and subsequent alveolar bone loss.
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Zhang Y, Niazi SA, Yang Y, Wang Y, Cao X, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhou Q. Smoking by altering the peri-implant microbial community structure compromises the responsiveness to treatment. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1040765. [PMID: 36310860 PMCID: PMC9614378 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1040765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is an essential risk factor for peri-implant diseases. It also hampers the clinical outcomes of peri-implant therapies. Nonetheless, the effect of smoking can go undetected until the emergence of clinical signs. Bacterial-induced inflammation is responsible for the initiation and progression of peri-implant diseases. We hypothesize that smoking impacts the peri-implant microbiome even in status of clinical health, putting it into a sub-healthy condition that responds poorly to peri-implant treatments. To validate this, peri-implant plaque samples from 18 participants including 10 smokers (S) and 8 non-smokers (NS), who had received implant prostheses were analyzed using metagenomic shotgun sequencing. The results showed that in addition to taxonomical and functional differences, the local stability in the S group was also shown to be much higher than that in the NS group, indicating greater stubbornness of the peri-implant microbiome associated with smoking. Besides, the topological structures were also distinct between the two groups. The highly connected species interacted more preferentially with each other in the S group (eigenvector centralization, 0.0273 in S and 0.0183 in NS), resulting in a greater tendency of forming small-world modules (modularity, 0.714 in S and 0.582 in NS). While in the NS group, inter-species correlations were more evenly distributed (clustering coefficient, 0.532 in S and 0.666 in NS). These alterations overall explained the greater stubbornness of the peri-implant microbiome associated with smoking, which may cause poor responsiveness to peri-implant therapies. From a microbial perspective, this may be a potential reason why smoking impacts negatively on the outcome of peri-implant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Centre of Oral Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sadia Ambreen Niazi
- Centre of Oral Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuguang Yang
- Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yibing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yinhu Li
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Zhou, ; Yinhu Li,
| | - Qin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Zhou, ; Yinhu Li,
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139
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Jiao J, Bie M, Xu X, Duan D, Li Y, Wu Y, Zhao L. Entamoeba gingivalis is associated with periodontal conditions in Chinese young patients: A cross-sectional study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1020730. [PMID: 36275028 PMCID: PMC9585380 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1020730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the prevalence and relative abundance of Entamoeba gingivalis (E. gingivalis) in Chinese young patients with different periodontal conditions, and its association with subgingival microbial composition, periodontal parameters, and cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid. Methods Participants (age: 18–45 years) diagnosed with stage II–IV periodontitis, gingivitis, or periodontal health underwent periodontal examination and sampling. Subgingival plaque was analyzed by 16S+18S sequencing for E. gingivalis detection and microbial analysis. The distribution of E. gingivalis in subgingival plaque was illustrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Interleukin-1β, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α in gingival crevicular fluid were measured by multiplexed flow cytometric assay. Results This cross-sectional study included 120 sites from 60 participants. The prevalence and relative abundance of E. gingivalis were significantly increased in periodontitis (p<0.05). The sites were classified into three subgroups according to the relative abundance of E. gingivalis: negative group (Eg0, n=56); low-abundance group (Eg1, n=32); and high-abundance group (Eg2, n=32). The subgingival microflora in the subgroups showed stepwise changes at both the phylum and genus levels. The microflora compositions were significantly altered from Eg0 to Eg2 (p<0.001). Co-occurrence network analysis showed that Porphyromonas, Treponema, Tannerella, Filifactor, TG5, and Desulfobulbus were highly correlated with E. gingivalis (r>0.6, p<0.001). Correlation analysis showed that E. gingivalis was closely associated with important periodontal parameters and cytokines (p<0.01). Conclusion E. gingivalis was enriched in periodontitis and closely associated with subgingival microbial dysbiosis, periodontal parameters and cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid. Thus, it may be an important pathogen in periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Jiao
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyao Bie
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingyu Duan
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, China
| | - Yafei Wu
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhao,
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Ikeuchi T, Moutsopoulos NM. Osteoimmunology in periodontitis; a paradigm for Th17/IL-17 inflammatory bone loss. Bone 2022; 163:116500. [PMID: 35870792 PMCID: PMC10448972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a prevalent human disease of inflammation-induced bone destruction. Through studies in patient lesions of rare and common forms of periodontitis and animal model experimentation, Th17/IL-17 related immune pathways have emerged as mediators of disease pathology. In this focused review, we examine mechanisms of induction, amplification and pathogenicity of Th17 cells in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ikeuchi
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, 30 convent Dr, Bldg30, Room 327, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America.
| | - Niki M Moutsopoulos
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, 30 convent Dr, Bldg30, Room 327, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America.
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Abstract
The impact of lifestyle factors has been increasingly studied and discussed in oral healthcare. Positive lifestyle factors are important in maintaining oral health or controlling disease, but they are not easy to adopt over the long term. Along with public health initiatives within communities and groups, there is a role for behavior change interventions delivered in dental practice settings to improve the periodontal health of individuals. Behavior management is now seen as a part of both prevention and therapy of periodontal diseases. This article summarizes the evidence on behavioral strategies for periodontal health to inform and assist oral healthcare professionals in implementing behavior change in their practice. In addition, strategies for education and training in communication and behavior change techniques are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean E. Suvan
- Unit of PeriodontologyEastman Dental Institute, University College London (UCL)LondonUK
| | - Maja Sabalic
- Unit of PeriodontologyEastman Dental Institute, University College London (UCL)LondonUK
| | - Mário R. Araújo
- Department of Dental HygieneEscola Superior de Saúde de PortalegrePortalegrePortugal
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Arce M, Endo N, Dutzan N, Abusleme L. A reappraisal of microbiome dysbiosis during experimental periodontitis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2022; 37:180-195. [PMID: 35861180 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with the presence of dysbiotic microbial communities. Several studies interrogating periodontitis pathogenesis have utilized the murine ligature-induced periodontitis (LIP) model and have further examined the ligature-associated microbiome relying on 16S rRNA-based sequencing techniques. However, it is often very challenging to compare microbial profiles across studies due to important differences in bioinformatic processing and databases used for taxonomic assignment. Thus, our study aim was to reanalyze microbiome sequencing datasets from studies utilizing the LIP model through a standardized bioinformatic analysis pipeline, generating a comprehensive overview of microbial dysbiosis during experimental periodontitis.We conducted a reanalysis of 16S rDNA gene sequencing datasets from nine published studies utilizing the LIP model. Reads were grouped according to the hypervariable region of the 16S rDNA gene amplified (V1-V3 and V4), preprocessed, binned into operational taxonomic units and classified utilizing relevant databases. Alpha- and beta-diversity analyses were conducted, along with relative abundance profiling of microbial communities. Our findings revealed similar microbial richness and diversity across studies and determined shifts in microbial community structure determined by periodontitis induction and study of origin. Clear variations in the relative abundance of bacterial taxa were observed starting on day 5 after ligation and onward, consistent with a distinct microbial composition during health and experimental periodontitis. We also uncovered differentially represented bacterial taxa across studies, dominating periodontal health and LIP-associated communities. Collectively, this reanalysis provides a unified overview of microbial dysbiosis during the LIP model, providing new insights that aim to inform further studies dedicated to unraveling oral host-microbial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Arce
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory for Craniofacial Translational Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Endo
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory for Craniofacial Translational Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Dutzan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory for Craniofacial Translational Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Loreto Abusleme
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory for Craniofacial Translational Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Carda-Diéguez M, Moazzez R, Mira A. Functional changes in the oral microbiome after use of fluoride and arginine containing dentifrices: a metagenomic and metatranscriptomic study. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:159. [PMID: 36171634 PMCID: PMC9520947 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth decay is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, and efficient tooth brushing with a fluoride-containing dentifrice is considered fundamental to caries prevention. Fluoride-containing dentifrices have been extensively studied in relation to enamel resistance to demineralization. Arginine (Arg) has also been proposed as a promising prebiotic to promote pH buffering through ammonia production. Here, we present the first metagenomic (DNA sequencing of the whole microbial community) and metatranscriptomic (RNAseq of the same community) analyses of human dental plaque to evaluate the effect of brushing with fluoride (Fl) and a Fl+Arg containing dentifrices on oral microbial composition and activity. Fifty-three patients were enrolled in a longitudinal clinical intervention study with two arms, including 26 caries-active and 27 caries-free adults. After a minimum 1-week washout period, dental plaque samples were collected at this post-washout baseline, 3 months after the use of a 1450-ppm fluoride dentifrice, and after 6 months of using a 1450-ppm fluoride with 1.5% arginine dentifrice. RESULTS There was a shift in both the composition and activity of the plaque microbiome after 3 months of brushing with the fluoride-containing toothpaste compared to the samples collected at the 1-week post-washout period, both for caries-active and caries-free sites. Although several caries-associated bacteria were reduced, there was also an increase in several health- and periodontitis-associated bacteria. Over 400 genes changed proportion in the metagenome, and between 180 and 300 genes changed their expression level depending on whether caries-free or caries-active sites were analyzed. The metagenome and metatranscriptome also changed after the subjects brushed with the Fl+Arg dentifrice. There was a further decrease of both caries- and periodontitis-associated organisms. In both caries-free and caries-active sites, a decrease of genes from the arginine biosynthesis pathway was also observed, in addition to an increase in the expression of genes associated with the arginine deiminase pathway, which catabolizes arginine into ammonia, thereby buffering acidic pH. Bacterial richness and diversity were not affected by either of the two treatments in the two arms of the study. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that long-term use of both assayed dentifrices changes the bacterial composition and functional profiles of human dental plaque towards a healthier microbial community, both in caries-free and caries-active sites. This observation was especially apparent for the Fl+Arg dentifrice. Thus, we conclude that the preventive benefits of tooth brushing go beyond the physical removal of dental plaque and that the active ingredients formulated within dentifrices have a positive effect not only on enamel chemistry but also on the metabolism of oral microbial populations. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Moazzez
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alex Mira
- Genomics and Health Department, FISABIO Institute, Valencia, Spain.
- Network of Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.
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Prevalence of Type IV Pili-Mediated Twitching Motility in Streptococcus sanguinis Strains and Its Impact on Biofilm Formation and Host Adherence. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0140322. [PMID: 36094177 PMCID: PMC9499025 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01403-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Type IV pili (Tfp) are known to mediate several biological activities, including surface-dependent twitching motility. Although a pil gene cluster for Tfp biosynthesis is found in all sequenced Streptococcus sanguinis strains, Tfp-mediated twitching motility is less commonly detected. Upon examining 81 clinical strains, 39 strains generated twitching zones on blood agar plates (BAP), while 27 strains displayed twitching on Todd-Hewitt (TH) agar. Although BAP appears to be more suitable for the development of twitching zones, 5 strains exhibited twitching motility only on TH agar, indicating that twitching motility is not only strain specific but also sensitive to growth media. Furthermore, different twitching phenotypes were observed in strains expressing comparable levels of pilT, encoding the retraction ATPase, suggesting that the twitching phenotype on agar plates is regulated by multiple factors. By using a PilT-null and a pilin protein-null derivative (CHW02) of twitching-active S. sanguinis CGMH010, we found that Tfp retraction was essential for biofilm stability. Further, biofilm growth was amplified in CHW02 in the absence of shearing force, indicating that S. sanguinis may utilize other ligands for biofilm formation in the absence of Tfp. Similar to SK36, Tfp from CGMH010 were required for colonization of host cells, but PilT only marginally affected adherence and only in the twitching-active strain. Taken together, the results suggest that Tfp participates in host cell adherence and that Tfp retraction facilitates biofilm stability. IMPORTANCE Although the gene clusters encoding Tfp are commonly present in Streptococcus sanguinis, not all strains express surface-dependent twitching motility on agar surfaces. Regardless of whether the Tfp could drive motility, Tfp can serve as a ligand for the colonization of host cells. Though many S. sanguinis strains lack twitching activity, motility can enhance biofilm stability in a twitching-active strain; thus, perhaps motility provides little or no advantage to the survival of bacteria within dental plaque. Rather, Tfp retraction could provide additional advantages for the bacteria to establish infections outside the oral cavity.
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Ai R, Li D, Shi L, Zhang X, Ding Z, Zhu Y, He Y. Periodontitis induced by orthodontic wire ligature drives oral microflora dysbiosis and aggravates alveolar bone loss in an improved murine model. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:875091. [PMID: 36160195 PMCID: PMC9493320 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.875091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the contribution of polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis to periodontitis progression in orthodontic wire ligation murine model. Methods Orthodontic wire rings were inserted between the first and second molars of mice for 18 days for the orthodontic wire ligation mouse model, and Pg injection model and Pg-LPS injection model were used as controls. Alveolar bone loss and periodontal inflammation were analyzed by micro-CT, histological staining and qRT-PCR. Further, pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicon was used to analyze the development of oral microorganism dysbiosis in the mice. Results Micro-CT, TRAP staining and qRT-PCR showed that orthodontic wire ligation model led to more severe alveolar bone loss than Pg and Pg-LPS models. H&E staining and qRT-PCR demonstrated that stronger inflammatory response was induced by the orthodontic wire treatment compared to the other models. In addition, pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed that the composition of oral microbiota presented a transition as the disease progressed and significant differences emerged in oral microbiota communities between orthodontic ligature mice and healthy controls. Furthermore, antibiotic treatment decreased both inflammation and alveolar bone loss in response to microbial community dysbiosis. However, no significant difference in bacterial community composition was observed in Pg and Pg-LPS models. Conclusions Orthodontic wire ligation drove oral microbial community transitions that mimicked polymicrobial communities characterized by polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis. Our improved model is suitable for further study of pathogenesis of periodontitis and exploration of corresponding treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongshuang Ai
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dingyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luyao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ding
- School of Computer Science, Chongqing Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiting Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujuan He
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Yujuan He
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146
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Pathobiont-responsive Th17 cells in gut-mouth axis provoke inflammatory oral disease and are modulated by intestinal microbiome. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111314. [PMID: 36070692 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Host immune response via Th17 cells against oral pathobionts is a key mediator in periodontitis development. However, where and how the Th17-type immune response is induced during the development of periodontitis is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that gut translocation of the oral pathobiont Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) exacerbates oral pathobiont-induced periodontitis with enhanced Th17 cell differentiation. The oral pathobiont-responsive Th17 cells are differentiated in Peyer's patches and translocated systemically in the peripheral immune tissues. They are also capable of migrating to and accumulating in the mouth upon oral infection. Development of periodontitis via the oral pathobiont-responsive Th17 cells is regulated by the intestinal microbiome, and altering the intestinal microbiome composition with antibiotics affects the development of periodontitis. Our study highlights that pathobiont-responsive Th17 cells in the gut-mouth axis and the intestinal microbiome work together to provoke inflammatory oral diseases, including periodontitis.
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147
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Roslund KE, Lehto M, Pussinen P, Metsälä M. Volatile composition of the morning breath. J Breath Res 2022; 16. [PMID: 36055216 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ac8ec8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We have measured the composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the morning breath of 30 healthy individuals before and after tooth brushing. The concentrations of VOCs in the breath samples were measured with proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) and further identification was performed with a combination of solid phase microextraction (SPME) and offline gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We hypothesize that compounds, whose concentrations significantly decreased in the breath after tooth brushing are largely of microbial origin. In this study, we found 35 such VOCs. Out of these, 33 have been previously connected to different oral niches, such as salivary and subgingival bacteria. We also compared the concentrations of the 35 VOCs found in increased amounts in the morning breath to their respective odor thresholds to evaluate their ability to cause odor. Compounds that could contribute to the breath odor include many volatile sulfur compounds, such as methanethiol, hydrogen sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, and 2-methyl-1-propanethiol, but also other VOCs, such as acetic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, acetaldehyde, octanal, phenol, indole, ammonia, isoprene, and methyl methacrylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajsa Emilia Roslund
- Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 (Chemicum), PL 55, Helsinki, 00014, FINLAND
| | - Markku Lehto
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki, 00290 , FINLAND
| | - Pirkko Pussinen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki Institute of Dentistry, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki, 00290, FINLAND
| | - Markus Metsälä
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 55, Helsinki, FIN-00014 , FINLAND
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148
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He Y, Wu Z, Chen S, Wang J, Zhu L, Xie J, Zhou C, Zou S. Activation of the pattern recognition receptor NOD1 in periodontitis impairs the osteogenic capacity of human periodontal ligament stem cells via p38/MAPK signalling. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13330. [PMID: 36043447 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nucleotide oligomerization domain receptor 1 (NOD1) mediates host recognition of pathogenic bacteria in periodontium. However, the specific role of NOD1 in regulating osteogenesis is unclear. Therefore, this study focused on the activation status of NOD1 in periodontitis and its effect on the osteogenic capacity of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) as well as the underlying mechanism. METHODS Histological staining and Western blot were utilized to assess NOD1 expression in the periodontium of people with or without periodontitis. HPDLSCs were cultured under NOD1 agonist or antagonist treatment. Q-PCR and Western blot were employed to assess the expression of osteogenic marker genes and proteins. Alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase staining were used to determine the osteogenic capability of hPDLSCs. The activation of downstream signalling was determined and specific inhibitors were utilized to confirm the signalling pathway in NOD1-regulated osteogenesis. RESULTS NOD1 expression is significantly elevated in periodontitis. With NOD1 activated by particular agonist tri-DAP, the osteogenic potential of hPDLSCs was impaired. NOD1 antagonist co-incubation partially restored the decreased osteogenesis in hPDLSCs. P38/MAPK was phosphorylated in tri-DAP-induced NOD1 activation. The inhibitor of p38 rescued the suppression of osteogenesis induced by tri-DAP in hPDLSCs. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed the expression status of NOD1 in periodontitis. Its activation greatly decreased the osteogenic capacity of hPDLSCs which was mediated by the phosphorylation of p38 downstream signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zuping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sirui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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149
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Chen YJ, Hung WC, Chou YH, Lai CH, Peng P, Jhou PS, Tsai MR, Sheu JJC, Yen JH. Subgingival Microbiome in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Periodontitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179883. [PMID: 36077282 PMCID: PMC9456296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis are suggested to be closely linked based on microbial dysbiosis, but limited subgingival bacteria have been proven in the pathogenesis of RA. We enrolled 30 RA patients and 25 controls and divided them into three groups with matched age, gender, and diabetes statuses: group AM (all of the matched participants), group PD (periodontally diseased), and group PH (periodontally healthy). Their subgingival microbial composition was determined by V3–V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Significant differences in subgingival microbial clustering between the RA patients and controls were observed in groups AM and PD. Among the taxa enriched in RA, Aminipila butyrica and Peptococcus simiae were the only two species displaying positive correlation to the level of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) in both of the groups. Surprisingly, the median of relative abundances of A. butyrica and P. simiae were 0% in the controls of group PD. Furthermore, a gene encoding arginine deiminase with the capability to produce citrulline was addressed in the complete genome sequence of A. butyrica. This is the first study to elucidate the important roles of A. butyrica and P. simiae as periodontal bacteria leading to RA possibly through the induction of ACPA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jing Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Hung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Chou
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Chern-Hsiung Lai
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Anaerobic and Oral Microbiology Testing Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Po Peng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Syuan Jhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Min-Ru Tsai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Jim Jinn-Chyuan Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.J.-C.S.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Jeng-Hsien Yen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.J.-C.S.); (J.-H.Y.)
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150
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Krutyhołowa A, Strzelec K, Dziedzic A, Bereta GP, Łazarz-Bartyzel K, Potempa J, Gawron K. Host and bacterial factors linking periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:980805. [PMID: 36091038 PMCID: PMC9453162 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.980805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Observations from numerous clinical, epidemiological and serological studies link periodontitis with severity and progression of rheumatoid arthritis. The strong association is observed despite totally different aetiology of these two diseases, periodontitis being driven by dysbiotic microbial flora on the tooth surface below the gum line, while rheumatoid arthritis being the autoimmune disease powered by anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs). Here we discuss genetic and environmental risk factors underlying development of both diseases with special emphasis on bacteria implicated in pathogenicity of periodontitis. Individual periodontal pathogens and their virulence factors are argued as potentially contributing to putative causative link between periodontal infection and initiation of a chain of events leading to breakdown of immunotolerance and development of ACPAs. In this respect peptidylarginine deiminase, an enzyme unique among prokaryotes for Porphyromonas gingivalis, is elaborated as a potential mechanistic link between this major periodontal pathogen and initiation of rheumatoid arthritis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krutyhołowa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Strzelec
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Dziedzic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz P. Bereta
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Łazarz-Bartyzel
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States,*Correspondence: Katarzyna Gawron, ; Jan Potempa,
| | - Katarzyna Gawron
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland,*Correspondence: Katarzyna Gawron, ; Jan Potempa,
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