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Li Y, Liu Z, Tang Y, Feng W, Zhao C, Liao J, Zhang C, Chen H, Ren Y, Dong S, Liu Y, Hu N, Huang W. Schnurri-3 regulates BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells through Runx2 and VEGF. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:72. [PMID: 31996667 PMCID: PMC6989499 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) are multiple potent progenitor cells (MPCs) that can differentiate into different lineages (osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cells) and have a favorable capacity for angiogenesis. Schnurri-3 (Shn3) is a large zinc finger protein related to Drosophila Shn, which is a critical mediator of postnatal bone formation. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), one of the most potent osteogenic BMPs, can strongly upregulate various osteogenesis- and angiogenesis-related factors in MSCs. It remains unclear how Shn3 is involved in BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation coupled with angiogenesis in hAMSCs. In this investigation, we conducted a comprehensive study to identify the effect of Shn3 on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in hAMSCs and analyze the responsible signaling pathway. The results from in vitro and in vivo experimentation show that Shn3 notably inhibits BMP9-induced early and late osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, expression of osteogenesis-related factors, and subcutaneous ectopic bone formation from hAMSCs in nude mice. Shn3 also inhibited BMP9-induced angiogenic differentiation, expression of angiogenesis-related factors, and subcutaneous vascular invasion in mice. Mechanistically, we found that Shn3 prominently inhibited the expression of BMP9 and activation of the BMP/Smad and BMP/MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, we further found activity on runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the target genes shared by BMP and Shn3 signaling pathways. Silencing Shn3 could dramatically enhance the expression of Runx2, which directly regulates the downstream target VEGF to couple osteogenic differentiation with angiogenesis. To summarize, our findings suggested that Shn3 significantly inhibited the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in hAMSCs. The effect of Shn3 was primarily seen through inhibition of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway and depressed expression of Runx2, which directly regulates VEGF, which couples BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation with angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ziming Liu
- Institute of Sports Medicine of China, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yaping Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Laboratory of Skeletal Development and Regeneration, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junyi Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chengmin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Youliang Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Peng Q, Chen B, Wang H, Zhu Y, Wu J, Luo Y, Zuo G, Luo J, Zhou L, Shi Q, Weng Y, Huang A, He TC, Fan J. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) alleviates hepatic steatosis by increasing hepatic lipid turnover and inhibiting the mTORC1 signaling axis in hepatocytes. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11520-11540. [PMID: 31831718 PMCID: PMC6932923 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver has numerous critical metabolic functions including lipid metabolism, which is usually dysregulated in obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Increasing evidence indicates bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role in adipogenesis and thermogenic balance in adipogenic progenitors and adipose tissue. However, the direct impact of BMPs on hepatic steatosis and possible association with NAFLD are poorly understood. Here, we found that BMP4 was up-regulated in oleic acid-induced steatosis and during the development of high fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD. Exogenous BMP4 reduced lipid accumulation and up-regulated the genes involved in lipid synthesis, storage and breakdown in hepatocytes. Exogenous BMP4 inhibited hepatic steatosis, reduced serum triglyceride levels and body weight, and alleviated progression of NAFLD in vivo. Mechanistically, BMP4 overexpression in hepatocytes down-regulated most components of the mTORC1 signaling axis. Collectively, these findings strongly suggest that BMP4 may play an essential role in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism and the molecular pathogenesis of NAFLD. Manipulating BMP4 and/or mTORC1 signaling axis may lead to the development of novel therapeutics for obesity, metabolic syndrome, and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Peng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ying Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinghong Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yetao Luo
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Guowei Zuo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yaguang Weng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases of The Ministry of Education of China, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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103
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Capasso TL, Li B, Volek HJ, Khalid W, Rochon ER, Anbalagan A, Herdman C, Yost HJ, Villanueva FS, Kim K, Roman BL. BMP10-mediated ALK1 signaling is continuously required for vascular development and maintenance. Angiogenesis 2019; 23:203-220. [PMID: 31828546 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal-dominant vascular disorder characterized by development of high-flow arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) that can lead to stroke or high-output heart failure. HHT2 is caused by heterozygous mutations in ACVRL1, which encodes an endothelial cell bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor, ALK1. BMP9 and BMP10 are established ALK1 ligands. However, the unique and overlapping roles of these ligands remain poorly understood. To define the physiologically relevant ALK1 ligand(s) required for vascular development and maintenance, we generated zebrafish harboring mutations in bmp9 and duplicate BMP10 paralogs, bmp10 and bmp10-like. bmp9 mutants survive to adulthood with no overt phenotype. In contrast, combined loss of bmp10 and bmp10-like results in embryonic lethal cranial AVMs indistinguishable from acvrl1 mutants. However, despite embryonic functional redundancy of bmp10 and bmp10-like, bmp10 encodes the only required Alk1 ligand in the juvenile-to-adult period. bmp10 mutants exhibit blood vessel abnormalities in anterior skin and liver, heart dysmorphology, and premature death, and vascular defects correlate with increased cardiac output. Together, our findings support a unique role for Bmp10 as a non-redundant Alk1 ligand required to maintain the post-embryonic vasculature and establish zebrafish bmp10 mutants as a model for AVM-associated high-output heart failure, which is an increasingly recognized complication of severe liver involvement in HHT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L Capasso
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Bijun Li
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Harry J Volek
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Waqas Khalid
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Rochon
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Arulselvi Anbalagan
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Chelsea Herdman
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - H Joseph Yost
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Flordeliza S Villanueva
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Kang Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.,Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Beth L Roman
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. .,Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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104
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Zeng Z, Fan J, Huang S, Zhang L, Zhang B, Wang X, Feng Y, Ye Z, Zhao L, Cao D, Yang L, Pakvasa M, Liu B, Wagstaff W, Wu X, Luo H, Zhang J, Zhang M, He F, Mao Y, Ding H, Zhang Y, Niu C, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Lee MJ, Wolf JM, Shao Z, He TC. lncRNA Rmst acts as an important mediator of BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by antagonizing Notch-targeting microRNAs. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:12476-12496. [PMID: 31825894 PMCID: PMC6949095 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the bone and musculoskeletal system is essential to maintain the health and quality of life of our aging society. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can undergo self-renewal and differentiate into multiple tissue types including bone. We demonstrated that BMP9 is the most potent osteogenic factors although molecular mechanism underlying BMP9 action is not fully understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important regulatory roles in many physiological and/or pathologic processes. Here, we investigated the role of lncRNA Rmst in BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. We found that Rmst was induced by BMP9 through Smad signaling in MSCs. Rmst knockdown diminished BMP9-induced osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation in vitro, and attenuated BMP9-induced ectopic bone formation. Silencing Rmst decreased the expression of Notch receptors and ligands. Bioinformatic analysis predicted Rmst could directly bind to eight Notch-targeting miRNAs, six of which were downregulated by BMP9. Silencing Rmst restored the expression of four microRNAs (miRNAs). Furthermore, an activating Notch mutant NICD1 effectively rescued the decreased ALP activity caused by Rmst silencing. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that the Rmst-miRNA-Notch regulatory axis may play an important role in mediating BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jianxiang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shifeng Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Linghuan Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province, and the Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhenyu Ye
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Daigui Cao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province, and the Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Mikhail Pakvasa
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Huaxiu Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Fang He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Medicine; and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yukun Mao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huimin Ding
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, BenQ Medical Center Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Changchun Niu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael J. Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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105
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Growth Plate Chondrocytes: Skeletal Development, Growth and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236009. [PMID: 31795305 PMCID: PMC6929081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth plate chondrocytes play central roles in the proper development and growth of endochondral bones. Particularly, a population of chondrocytes in the resting zone expressing parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is now recognized as skeletal stem cells, defined by their ability to undergo self-renewal and clonally give rise to columnar chondrocytes in the postnatal growth plate. These chondrocytes also possess the ability to differentiate into a multitude of cell types including osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells during skeletal development. Using single-cell transcriptomic approaches and in vivo lineage tracing technology, it is now possible to further elucidate their molecular properties and cellular fate changes. By discovering the fundamental molecular characteristics of these cells, it may be possible to harness their functional characteristics for skeletal growth and regeneration. Here, we discuss our current understanding of the molecular signatures defining growth plate chondrocytes.
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106
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Durham EL, Kishinchand R, Grey ZJ, Cray JJ. rhBMP2 alone does not induce macrophage polarization towards an increased inflammatory response. Mol Immunol 2019; 117:94-100. [PMID: 31759326 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Once thought to have revolutionized therapeutic intervention in surgery, Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenic Protein 2 (rhBMP2) is now in its second decade of sustained controversy over the side effects associated with its use. Side effects associated with clinical use of rhBMP2 (Infuse, Medtronic Inc) include a marked inflammatory response, pain, therapeutic failures, ectopic bone, tissue degradation, and death. What is missing, despite the depth of literature on the subject, is a direct interrogation of rhBMP2, specifically for inflammation. Here we set out to determine if rhBMP2 alters traditional macrophage markers associated with pro-inflammatory responses, and pro-reparative responses to injury. Based on our previous work, we hypothesized there would be no direct effect of the peptide on macrophage polarization. Here we utilized commercially available murine macrophages, RAW 264.7, and treated these cells with rhBMP2 in standard growth media or macrophage polarizing media (M1 and M2) at several doses of the peptide. Our readouts were cell viability, apoptosis, gene expression of M1 and M2 markers, and ELISA for M1 marker iNOS, and M2 marker Arg1. Our data give very little evidence to support an alteration in macrophage phenotype by rhBMP2 alone, or alteration of the phenotype when cultured in enriched M1 or M2 media. These results further suggest that other factors associated with the clinical use of Infuse, likely supraphysiological rhBMP2 doses and off label usage, are more likely the culprit for poor outcomes. This further reinforces the utility of rhBMP2 and other peptides in tissue engineering therapies when conditions are tightly controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Durham
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Rajiv Kishinchand
- Division of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 279 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zachary J Grey
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - James J Cray
- Division of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 279 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, USA.
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107
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Qasim M, Chae DS, Lee NY. Bioengineering strategies for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration using growth factors and stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 108:394-411. [PMID: 31618509 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone and cartilage tissue engineering is an integrative approach that is inspired by the phenomena associated with wound healing. In this respect, growth factors have emerged as important moieties for the control and regulation of this process. Growth factors act as mediators and control the important physiological functions of bone regeneration. Herein, we discuss the importance of growth factors in bone and cartilage tissue engineering, their loading and delivery strategies, release kinetics, and their integration with biomaterials and stem cells to heal bone fractures. We also highlighted the role of growth factors in the determination of the bone tissue microenvironment based on the reciprocal signaling with cells and biomaterial scaffolds on which future bone and cartilage tissue engineering technologies and medical devices will be based upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qasim
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sik Chae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nae Yoon Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
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108
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Zhu Y, Shi Q, Peng Q, Gao Y, Yang T, Cheng Y, Wang H, Luo Y, Huang A, He TC, Fan J. A simplified 3D liver microsphere tissue culture model for hepatic cell signaling and drug-induced hepatotoxicity studies. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1653-1666. [PMID: 31485603 PMCID: PMC6777685 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a number of experimental models have been developed for liver research, each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The present study attempted to develop a simple and effective 3‑dimensional mouse liver microsphere tissue culture (LMTC) model in vitro for the analysis of hepatic functions. Hepatic characteristics and potential applications of this model were compared with that of mouse model in vivo and mouse primary hepatocytes in vitro. Using freshly‑perfused mouse liver tissue passed through 80‑mesh sift strainer (sift80), it was demonstrated that under the optimal culture conditions, the sift80 microsphere tissue cultured in 2% bovine calf serum medium remained viable with marked proliferating cell nuclear antigen and anti‑Myc proto‑oncogene protein expression, exhibited normal hepatic functions including indocyanine green (ICG) uptake/release and periodic acid‑Schiff staining, and expressed hepatocyte‑specific genes for up to 2 weeks. The microsphere tissue was responsive to bone morphogenic protein 9 (BMP9) stimulation leading to upregulation of downstream targets of BMP9 signaling. Furthermore, 3 commonly‑used liver‑damaging drugs were indicated to effectively inhibit hepatic ICG uptake, and induce the expression of hepatotoxicity‑associated genes. Therefore, this simplified LMTC model may be a useful in vitro tissue culture model to investigate drug‑induced liver injury and metabolism, and hepatocyte‑based cell singling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qi Peng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yue Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yetao Luo
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases of The Ministry of Education of China, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Wang X, Yuan C, Huang B, Fan J, Feng Y, Li AJ, Zhang B, Lei Y, Ye Z, Zhao L, Cao D, Yang L, Wu D, Chen X, Liu B, Wagstaff W, He F, Wu X, Luo H, Zhang J, Zhang M, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Lee MJ, Moriatis Wolf J, Huang A, He TC, Zeng Z. Developing a Versatile Shotgun Cloning Strategy for Single-Vector-Based Multiplex Expression of Short Interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in Mammalian Cells. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:2092-2105. [PMID: 31465214 PMCID: PMC6760290 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
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As an important post-transcriptional
regulatory machinery mediated
by ∼21nt short-interfering double-stranded RNA (siRNA), RNA
interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool to delineate gene functions
and develop therapeutics. However, effective RNAi-mediated silencing
requires multiple siRNAs for given genes, a time-consuming process
to accomplish. Here, we developed a user-friendly system for single-vector-based
multiplex siRNA expression by exploiting the unique feature of restriction
endonuclease BstXI. Specifically, we engineered a BstXI-based shotgun
cloning (BSG) system, which consists of three entry vectors with siRNA
expression units (SiEUs) flanked with distinct BstXI sites, and a
retroviral destination vector for shotgun SiEU assembly. For proof-of-principle
studies, we constructed multiplex siRNA vectors silencing β-catenin
and/or Smad4 and assessed their functionalities in mesenchymal stem
cells (MSCs). Pooled siRNA cassettes were effectively
inserted into respective entry vectors in one-step, and shotgun seamless
assembly of pooled BstXI-digested SiEU fragments into a retroviral
destination vector followed. We found these multiplex siRNAs effectively
silenced β-catenin and/or Smad4, and inhibited Wnt3A- or BMP9-specific
reporters and downstream target expression in MSCs. Furthermore, multiplex
silencing of β-catenin and/or Smad4 diminished Wnt3A and/or
BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation. Collectively, the BSG system
is a user-friendly technology for single-vector-based multiplex siRNA
expression to study gene functions and develop experimental therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Three Gorges University School of Medicine, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Alexander J. Li
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province, and the Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Yan Lei
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhenyu Ye
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Daigui Cao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 400013, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province, and the Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Di Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xian Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Fang He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huaxiu Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael J. Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases of The Ministry of Education of China, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases of The Ministry of Education of China, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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A Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)-derived Peptide Based on the Type I Receptor-binding Site Modifies Cell-type Dependent BMP Signalling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13446. [PMID: 31530856 PMCID: PMC6748948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional cytokines of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily with potential therapeutic applications due to their broad biological functionality. Designing BMP mimetics with specific activity will contribute to the translational potential of BMP-based therapies. Here, we report a BMP9 peptide mimetic, P3, designed from the type I receptor binding site, which showed millimolar binding affinities for the type I receptor activin receptor like kinase 1 (ALK1), ALK2 and ALK3. Although showing no baseline activity, P3 significantly enhanced BMP9-induced Smad1/5 phosphorylation as well as ID1, BMPR2, HEY1 and HEY2 gene expression in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (hPAECs), and this activity is dependent on its alpha helix propensity. However, in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells, P3 did not affect BMP9-induced Smad1/5 phosphorylation, but potently inhibited ALK3-dependent BMP4-induced Smad1/5 phosphorylation and gene expression. In C2C12 mouse myoblast cells, P3 had no effect on BMP9-induced osteogenic signalling, which is primarily mediated by ALK2. Interestingly, a previously published peptide from the knuckle region of BMP9 was found to inhibit BMP4-induced Smad1/5 phosphorylation. Together, our data identify a BMP9-derived peptide that can selectively enhance ALK1-mediated BMP9 signalling in hPAECs and modulate BMP9 and BMP4 signalling in a cell type-specific manner.
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Gaihre B, Unagolla JM, Liu J, Ebraheim NA, Jayasuriya AC. Thermoresponsive Injectable Microparticle-Gel Composites with Recombinant BMP-9 and VEGF Enhance Bone Formation in Rats. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4587-4600. [PMID: 33448832 PMCID: PMC10742348 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) has been shown to be the most osteogenic BMP. Most of these experiments, however, involve an adenovirus-transfection strategy. Here, we used the scaffold-based strategy to study the bone forming ability of recombinant BMP-9 combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A robust, injectable, multicomponent-releasing scaffold in the form of a composite gel was developed by combining chitosan microparticles (MPs) with thermosensitive gel (MPs-gel). The MPs acted as the carriers for BMP-9 and the gel was loaded with VEGF. The developed gel consisted of hydrophobic chains of methyl cellulose (MC) and the cross-linked structures of alginate (Alg) and calcium. Gelation was achieved at physiological temperature and thus facilitated the injection and localization of MPs enabling an increased efficacy of incorporated growth factors at the target site. A release profile of incorporated growth factors over a two-week period showed higher release of VEGF at each time point compared to that of BMP-9. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) encapsulated within the MPs-gel maintained their viability. BMP-9 enhanced the proliferation of hMSCs along the surface of MPs. Furthermore, BMP-9 potently induced the osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs elucidated by the increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the higher expression of ALP, collagen 1, and osteocalcin genes. In addition, in vivo experiments demonstrated that MPs-gel with the combination of BMP-9-VEGF could significantly enhance both subcutaneous and cranial bone formation (p < 0.05). Taken together, the results here strongly suggest that BMP-9-VEGF incorporated MPs-gel holds promise as an injectable bone tissue engineering platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Janitha M. Unagolla
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Jiayong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Nabil A. Ebraheim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Ambalangodage C. Jayasuriya
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
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Terauchi M, Tamura A, Tonegawa A, Yamaguchi S, Yoda T, Yui N. Polyelectrolyte Complexes between Polycarboxylates and BMP-2 for Enhancing Osteogenic Differentiation: Effect of Chemical Structure of Polycarboxylates. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11081327. [PMID: 31405005 PMCID: PMC6723113 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) has received considerable attention because of its osteoinductivity, but its use is limited owing to its instability and adverse effects. To reduce the dose of BMP-2, complexation with heparin is a promising approach, because heparin enhances the osteoinductivity of BMP-2. However, the clinical use of heparin is restricted because of its anticoagulant activity. Herein, to explore alternative polymers that show heparin-like activity, four polycarboxylates, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA), poly(aspartic acid) (PAsp), and poly(glutamic acid) (PGlu), were selected and their capability to modulate the osteoinductivity of BMP-2 was evaluated. Dynamic light scattering indicated that these polycarboxylates formed polyelectrolyte complexes with BMP-2. The osteogenic differentiation efficiency of MC3T3-E1 cells treated with the polycarboxylate/BMP-2 complexes was investigated in comparison to that of the heparin/BMP-2 complex. As a result, PGlu/BMP-2 complex showed the highest activity of alkaline phosphatase, which is an early-stage marker of osteogenic differentiation, and rapid mineralization. Based on these observations, PGlu could serve as an alternative to heparin in the regenerative therapy of bone using BMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Terauchi
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tamura
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Asato Tonegawa
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yoda
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yui
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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Wang H, Hu Y, He F, Li L, Li PP, Deng Y, Li FS, Wu K, He BC. All-trans retinoic acid and COX-2 cross-talk to regulate BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation via Wnt/β-catenin in mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109279. [PMID: 31376651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
COX-2 specific inhibitor, which has been widely used, can delay bone fracture healing and reduce osteogenic potential of bone marrow stromal cells. However, it remains unknown how to prevent these side-effects of COX-2 inhibitor. In this study, we introduced BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation as model to evaluate whether all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) could ameliorate these adverse effects of COX-2 specific inhibitor on bone metabolism with in vitro and in vivo experiments, and uncover the possible mechanism underlying this process. Results showed that ATRA enhanced the potential of BMP9 to induce the osteogenic markers, such as alkaline phosphates (ALP) and mineralization; but retinoic acid receptor a (RARa) inhibitor showed the reversal effects. COX-2 specific inhibitor (NS398) reduced the osteogenic markers induced by BMP9, and ATRA almost eliminated the inhibitory effect of NS398. BMP9 up-regulated the protein level of β-catenin and promoted it translocate to nucleus, and both were reduced by NS398. On the contrary, ATRA notablely attenuated the inhibitory effect of NS398 on BMP9-increased β-catenin. Exogenous RXRa obviously ameliorated the inhibitory effect of silencing COX-2 on ectopic bone formation induced by BMP9. NS398 reduced the level of phosphorylated CREB, which was almost reversed by ATRA. Besides, RXRa interacted with phosphorylated CREB directly and both were recruited at β-catenin promoter region. Thus, we demonstrated that ATRA may reverse the side-effects of COX-2 inhibitor on bone metabolism through increasing the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway partly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang He
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Pei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Shu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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Eiraku N, Chiba N, Nakamura T, Amir MS, Seong CH, Ohnishi T, Kusuyama J, Noguchi K, Matsuguchi T. BMP9 directly induces rapid GSK3-β phosphorylation in a Wnt-independent manner through class I PI3K-Akt axis in osteoblasts. FASEB J 2019; 33:12124-12134. [PMID: 31365832 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900733rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)9 has been reported to be the most potent BMP to induce bone formation. However, the details of BMP9-transduced intracellular signaling remain ambiguous. Here, we have investigated signal transduction mechanisms of BMP9 in comparison to BMP2, another potent inducer of bone formation, in osteoblasts. In a mouse osteoblast cell line, BMP9 induced higher mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) than BMP2 within 2 h. Unlike BMP2, BMP9 induced rapid phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (GSK3-β) and protein kinase B (Akt) and increased the cellular protein content of β-catenin. BMP9 moderately increased mRNA levels of several canonical Wingless-related integration site to lower degrees than BMP2. Furthermore, BMP9-induced GSK3-β phosphorylation was not inhibited by pretreatment with actinomycin D, cycloheximide, or Brefeldin A, indicating it is independent of Wnt protein secretion. BMP9-induced GSK3-β phosphorylation was abrogated by Akt or class I PI3K-specific inhibitors. Moreover, inactivation of GSK3-β by LiCl did not further promote ALP and Runx2 mRNA induction by BMP9 as significantly as that by BMP2. Notably, BMP9-induced GSK3-β phosphorylation was inhibited by small interfering RNA against endoglin and GIPC PDZ domain-containing family, member 1. Taken together, our present findings have indicated that BMP9 directly activates GSK3β-β-catenin signaling pathway through class I PI3K-Akt Axis in osteoblasts, which may be essential for the potent osteoinductive activity of BMP9.-Eiraku, N., Chiba, N., Nakamura, T., Amir, M. S., Seong, C.-H., Ohnishi, T., Kusuyama, J., Noguchi, K., Matsuguchi, T. BMP9 directly induces rapid GSK3-β phosphorylation in a Wnt-independent manner through class I PI3K-Akt axis in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahoko Eiraku
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Norika Chiba
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Muhammad Subhan Amir
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Chang-Hwan Seong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohnishi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Joji Kusuyama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Noguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuguchi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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116
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The wonders of BMP9: From mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metabolism to regenerative medicine. Genes Dis 2019; 6:201-223. [PMID: 32042861 PMCID: PMC6997590 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) initially showed effective induction of ectopic bone growth in muscle, it has since been determined that these proteins, as members of the TGF-β superfamily, play a diverse and critical array of biological roles. These roles include regulating skeletal and bone formation, angiogenesis, and development and homeostasis of multiple organ systems. Disruptions of the members of the TGF-β/BMP superfamily result in severe skeletal and extra-skeletal irregularities, suggesting high therapeutic potential from understanding this family of BMP proteins. Although it was once one of the least characterized BMPs, BMP9 has revealed itself to have the highest osteogenic potential across numerous experiments both in vitro and in vivo, with recent studies suggesting that the exceptional potency of BMP9 may result from unique signaling pathways that differentiate it from other BMPs. The effectiveness of BMP9 in inducing bone formation was recently revealed in promising experiments that demonstrated efficacy in the repair of critical sized cranial defects as well as compatibility with bone-inducing bio-implants, revealing the great translational promise of BMP9. Furthermore, emerging evidence indicates that, besides its osteogenic activity, BMP9 exerts a broad range of biological functions, including stem cell differentiation, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metabolism. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of BMP9 across biology and the body.
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117
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Soundharrajan I, Kim DH, Kuppusamy P, Choi KC. Modulation of osteogenic and myogenic differentiation by a phytoestrogen formononetin via p38MAPK-dependent JAK-STAT and Smad-1/5/8 signaling pathways in mouse myogenic progenitor cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9307. [PMID: 31243298 PMCID: PMC6594940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Formononetin (FN), a typical phytoestrogen has attracted substantial attention as a novel agent because of its diverse biological activities including, osteogenic differentiation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying osteogenic and myogenic differentiation by FN in C2C12 progenitor cells remain unknown. Therefore the objective of the current study was to investigate the action of FN on myogenic and osteogenic differentiation and its impact on signaling pathways in C2C12 cells. FN significantly increased myogenic markers such as Myogenin, myosin heavy chains, and myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD). In addition, the expression of osteogenic specific genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Run-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2), and osteocalcin (OCN) were up-regulated by FN treatment. Moreover, FN enhanced the ALP level, calcium deposition and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein isoform (BMPs). Signal transduction pathways mediated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERKs), protein kinase B (Akt), Janus kinases (JAKs), and signal transducer activator of transcription proteins (STATs) in myogenic and osteogenic differentiation after FN treatment were also examined. FN treatment activates myogenic differentiation by increasing p38MAPK and decreasing JAK1-STAT1 phosphorylation levels, while osteogenic induction was enhanced by p38MAPK dependent Smad, 1/5/8 signaling pathways in C2C12 progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilavenil Soundharrajan
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Palaniselvam Kuppusamy
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Choon Choi
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, 31000, Republic of Korea.
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Drouin G, Couture V, Lauzon MA, Balg F, Faucheux N, Grenier G. Muscle injury-induced hypoxia alters the proliferation and differentiation potentials of muscle resident stromal cells. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:18. [PMID: 31217019 PMCID: PMC6582603 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Trauma-induced heterotopic ossification (HO) is a complication that develops under three conditions: the presence of an osteogenic progenitor cell, an inducing factor, and a permissive environment. We previously showed that a mouse multipotent Sca1+ CD31− Lin− muscle resident stromal cell (mrSC) population is involved in the development of HO in the presence of inducing factors, members of the bone morphogenetic protein family. Interestingly, BMP9 unlike BMP2 causes HO only if the muscle is damaged by injection of cardiotoxin. Because acute trauma often results in blood vessel breakdown, we hypothesized that a hypoxic state in damaged muscles may foster mrSCs activation and proliferation and trigger differentiation toward an osteogenic lineage, thus promoting the development of HO. Methods Three- to - six-month-old male C57Bl/6 mice were used to induce muscle damage by injection of cardiotoxin intramuscularly into the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles. mrSCs were isolated from damaged (hypoxic state) and contralateral healthy muscles and counted, and their osteoblastic differentiation with or without BMP2 and BMP9 was determined by alkaline phosphatase activity measurement. The proliferation and differentiation of mrSCs isolated from healthy muscles was also studied in normoxic incubator and hypoxic conditions. The effect of hypoxia on BMP synthesis and Smad pathway activation was determined by qPCR and/or Western blot analyses. Differences between normally distributed groups were compared using a Student’s paired t test or an unpaired t test. Results The hypoxic state of a severely damaged muscle increased the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mrSCs. mrSCs isolated from damaged muscles also displayed greater sensitivity to osteogenic signals, especially BMP9, than did mrSCs from a healthy muscle. In hypoxic conditions, mrSCs isolated from a control muscle were more proliferative and were more prone to osteogenic differentiation. Interestingly, Smad1/5/8 activation was detected in hypoxic conditions and was still present after 5 days, while Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation could not be detected after 3 h of normoxic incubator condition. BMP9 mRNA transcripts and protein levels were higher in mrSCs cultured in hypoxic conditions. Our results suggest that low-oxygen levels in damaged muscle influence mrSC behavior by facilitating their differentiation into osteoblasts. This effect may be mediated partly through the activation of the Smad pathway and the expression of osteoinductive growth factors such as BMP9 by mrSCs. Conclusion Hypoxia should be considered a key factor in the microenvironment of damaged muscle that triggers HO. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13395-019-0202-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Drouin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.,Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC, J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - Vanessa Couture
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Lauzon
- Laboratory of 3D Cell Culture Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul Universite, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Frédéric Balg
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Faucheux
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada. .,Laboratory of Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul Universite, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada.
| | - Guillaume Grenier
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
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119
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Zhang L, Luo Q, Shu Y, Zeng Z, Huang B, Feng Y, Zhang B, Wang X, Lei Y, Ye Z, Zhao L, Cao D, Yang L, Chen X, Liu B, Wagstaff W, Reid RR, Luu HH, Haydon RC, Lee MJ, Wolf JM, Fu Z, He TC, Kang Q. Transcriptomic landscape regulated by the 14 types of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in lineage commitment and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Genes Dis 2019; 6:258-275. [PMID: 32042865 PMCID: PMC6997588 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are ubiquitously-existing multipotent progenitors that can self-renew and differentiate into multiple lineages including osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes, tenocytes and myocytes. MSCs represent one of the most commonly-used adult progenitors and serve as excellent progenitor cell models for investigating lineage-specific differentiation regulated by various cellular signaling pathways, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). As members of TGFβ superfamily, BMPs play diverse and important roles in development and adult tissues. At least 14 BMPs have been identified in mammals. Different BMPs exert distinct but overlapping biological functions. Through a comprehensive analysis of 14 BMPs in MSCs, we demonstrated that BMP9 is one of the most potent BMPs in inducing osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Nonetheless, a global mechanistic view of BMP signaling in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic profiling in the MSCs stimulated by 14 types of BMPs. Hierarchical clustering analysis classifies 14 BMPs into three subclusters: an osteo/chondrogenic/adipogenic cluster, a tenogenic cluster, and BMP3 cluster. We also demonstrate that six BMPs (e.g., BMP2, BMP3, BMP4, BMP7, BMP8, and BMP9) can induce I-Smads effectively, while BMP2, BMP3, BMP4, BMP7, and BMP11 up-regulate Smad-independent MAP kinase pathway. Furthermore, we show that many BMPs can upregulate the expression of the signal mediators of Wnt, Notch and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. While the reported transcriptomic changes need to be further validated, our expression profiling represents the first-of-its-kind to interrogate a comprehensive transcriptomic landscape regulated by the 14 types of BMPs in MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghuan Zhang
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Qing Luo
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yi Shu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province, Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan Lei
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhenyu Ye
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Daigui Cao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province, Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First and Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R Reid
- Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhou Fu
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Quan Kang
- Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
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Aghaloo TL, Tencati E, Hadaya D. Biomimetic Enhancement of Bone Graft Reconstruction. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2019; 31:193-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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121
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Acceleration of Bone Regeneration in Critical-Size Defect Using BMP-9-Loaded nHA/ColI/MWCNTs Scaffolds Seeded with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7343957. [PMID: 31111065 PMCID: PMC6487171 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7343957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible scaffolding materials play an important role in bone tissue engineering. This study sought to develop and characterize a nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)/collagen I (ColI)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite scaffold loaded with recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) for bone tissue engineering by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The composite nHA/ColI/MWCNT scaffolds were fabricated at various concentrations of MWCNTs (0.5, 1, and 1.5% wt) by blending and freeze drying. The porosity, swelling rate, water absorption rate, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of scaffolds were measured. After loading with BMP-9, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were seeded to evaluate their characteristics in vitro and in a critical sized defect in Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo. It was shown that the 1% MWCNT group was the most suitable for bone tissue engineering. Our results demonstrated that scaffolds loaded with BMP-9 promoted differentiation of BMMSCs into osteoblasts in vitro and induced more bone formation in vivo. To conclude, nHA/ColI/MWCNT scaffolds loaded with BMP-9 possess high biocompatibility and osteogenesis and are a good candidate for use in bone tissue engineering.
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122
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Vhora I, Lalani R, Bhatt P, Patil S, Misra A. Lipid-nucleic acid nanoparticles of novel ionizable lipids for systemic BMP-9 gene delivery to bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells for osteoinduction. Int J Pharm 2019; 563:324-336. [PMID: 30954673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Rational design of novel ionizable lipids for development of lipid-nucleic acid nanoparticles (LNP) is required for safe and effective systemic gene delivery for osteoporosis. LNPs require suitable characteristics for intravenous administration and effective accumulation in bone marrow for enhanced transfection. Hence, lipids with C18 tail and ionizable headgroup (Boc-His-ODA/BHODA and His-ODA/HODA) were synthesized and characterized physicochemically. LNPs were prepared with bone morphogenetic protein-9 gene (BHODA-LNP, HODA-LNP, and bone-homing peptide targeted HODA-LNP - HODA-LNPT). Thorough physicochemical (electrolyte stability, DNase I and serum stability) and biological (hemolysis, ROS induction, cytotoxicity and transfection) characterization was carried out followed by acute toxicity studies and therapeutic performance studies in ovariectomized rat model. Lipids with pH dependent ionization were successfully synthesized. LNPs thereof were ∼100 nm size with stability against electrolytes, DNase I and serum and exhibited low hemolytic potential demonstrating suitability for intravenous administration. LNPs exhibited minimal cytotoxicity, non-significant ROS induction and high transfection. In vivo studies demonstrated safety and improved bone regeneration in OVX rats with HODA-LNPT showing significantly better performance. Synthesized ionizable lipids offer safe and effective alternative for preparation of LNPs for gene delivery. Targeted BMP-9 LNP show potential for systemic osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Vhora
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Kalabhavan Campus, Vadodara 390001, Gujarat, India
| | - Rohan Lalani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Kalabhavan Campus, Vadodara 390001, Gujarat, India
| | - Priyanka Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Kalabhavan Campus, Vadodara 390001, Gujarat, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC30, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Sushilkumar Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Kalabhavan Campus, Vadodara 390001, Gujarat, India
| | - Ambikanandan Misra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Kalabhavan Campus, Vadodara 390001, Gujarat, India.
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Huang X, Wang F, Zhao C, Yang S, Cheng Q, Tang Y, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Luo W, Wang C, Zhou P, Kim S, Zuo G, Hu N, Li R, He TC, Zhang H. Dentinogenesis and Tooth-Alveolar Bone Complex Defects in BMP9/GDF2 Knockout Mice. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:683-694. [PMID: 30816068 PMCID: PMC6534167 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth development is regulated by sequential and reciprocal epithelium-mesenchymal interactions and their related molecular signaling pathways, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Among the 14 types of BMPs, BMP9 (also known as growth differentiation factor 2) is one of the most potent BMPs to induce osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. The purpose of this study was to examine potential roles of BMP9 signaling in tooth development. First, we detected the expression pattern of BMP9 in tooth germ during postnatal tooth development, and we found that BMP9 was widely expressed in odontoblasts, ameloblasts, dental pulp cells, and osteoblasts in alveolar bones. Then, we established a BMP9-KO mouse model. Gross morphological examination revealed that the tooth cusps of BMP9-KO mice were significantly abraded with shorter roots. Micro-computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction analysis indicated that the first molars of the BMP9-KO mice exhibited a reduced thickness dentin, enlarged pulp canals, and shortened roots, resembling the phenotypes of the common hereditary dental disease dentinogenesis imperfecta. Further, the alveolar bone of the BMP9-KO mutants was found to be shorter and had a decreased mineral density and trabecular thickness and bone volume fraction compared with that of the wild-type control. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that both dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 1 were induced in dental stem cells by BMP9, whereas their expression was reduced when BMP9 was silenced. Further studies are required to determine whether loss of or decreased BMP9 expression is clinically associated with dentinogenesis imperfecta. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that BMP9 may play an important role in regulating dentinogenesis and tooth development. Further research is recommended into the therapeutic uses of BMP9 to regenerate traumatized and diseased tissues and for the bioengineering of replacement teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Huang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feilong Wang
- 2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,3 Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- 4 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,5 Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianyu Cheng
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fugui Zhang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenping Luo
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Stephanie Kim
- 6 Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guowei Zuo
- 7 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Hu
- 4 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- 8 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,6 Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhao C, Qazvini NT, Sadati M, Zeng Z, Huang S, De La Lastra AL, Zhang L, Feng Y, Liu W, Huang B, Zhang B, Dai Z, Shen Y, Wang X, Luo W, Liu B, Lei Y, Ye Z, Zhao L, Cao D, Yang L, Chen X, Athiviraham A, Lee MJ, Wolf JM, Reid RR, Tirrell M, Huang W, de Pablo JJ, He TC. A pH-Triggered, Self-Assembled, and Bioprintable Hybrid Hydrogel Scaffold for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Based Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8749-8762. [PMID: 30734555 PMCID: PMC6407040 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Effective bone tissue engineering can restore bone and skeletal functions that are impaired by traumas and/or certain medical conditions. Bone is a complex tissue and functions through orchestrated interactions between cells, biomechanical forces, and biofactors. To identify ideal scaffold materials for effective mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based bone tissue regeneration, here we develop and characterize a composite nanoparticle hydrogel by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) (designated as CMCh-ACP hydrogel). We demonstrate that the CMCh-ACP hydrogel is readily prepared by incorporating glucono δ-lactone (GDL) into an aqueous dispersion or rehydrating the acidic freeze-dried nanoparticles in a pH-triggered controlled-assembly fashion. The CMCh-ACP hydrogel exhibits excellent biocompatibility and effectively supports MSC proliferation and cell adhesion. Moreover, while augmenting BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation, the CMCh-ACP hydrogel itself is osteoinductive and induces the expression of osteoblastic regulators and bone markers in MSCs in vitro. The CMCh-ACP scaffold markedly enhances the efficiency and maturity of BMP9-induced bone formation in vivo, while suppressing bone resorption occurred in long-term ectopic osteogenesis. Thus, these results suggest that the pH-responsive self-assembled CMCh-ACP injectable and bioprintable hydrogel may be further exploited as a novel scaffold for osteoprogenitor-cell-based bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Departments of Orthopedic
Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Breast Surgery, Burn and Plastic
Surgery, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Obstetrics and
Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Nader Taheri Qazvini
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Monirosadat Sadati
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School
of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospitals
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shifeng Huang
- Departments of Orthopedic
Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Breast Surgery, Burn and Plastic
Surgery, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Obstetrics and
Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | | | - Linghuan Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School
of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospitals
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Departments of Orthopedic
Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Breast Surgery, Burn and Plastic
Surgery, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Obstetrics and
Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wei Liu
- Departments of Orthopedic
Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Breast Surgery, Burn and Plastic
Surgery, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Obstetrics and
Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bo Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School
of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospitals
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Clinical
Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated
Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province and the Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Hospital
of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhengyu Dai
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chongqing Hospital
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangya
Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School
of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospitals
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wenping Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School
of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospitals
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Departments of Orthopedic
Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Breast Surgery, Burn and Plastic
Surgery, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Obstetrics and
Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yan Lei
- Departments of Orthopedic
Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Breast Surgery, Burn and Plastic
Surgery, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Obstetrics and
Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Zhenyu Ye
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Departments of Orthopedic
Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Breast Surgery, Burn and Plastic
Surgery, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Obstetrics and
Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Daigui Cao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School
of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospitals
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province and the Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Hospital
of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Aravind Athiviraham
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael J. Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Russell R. Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Matthew Tirrell
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Wei Huang
- Departments of Orthopedic
Surgery, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Breast Surgery, Burn and Plastic
Surgery, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Obstetrics and
Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital
of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- E-mail: . Tel/Fax: (86) 23-89011212 (W.H.)
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- E-mail: (J.J.d.P)
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Surgery, Laboratory
of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- E-mail: . Tel: (773) 702-7169. Fax: (773) 834-4598 (T.-C.H.)
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125
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Hodgkinson T, Shen B, Diwan A, Hoyland JA, Richardson SM. Therapeutic potential of growth differentiation factors in the treatment of degenerative disc diseases. JOR Spine 2019; 2:e1045. [PMID: 31463459 PMCID: PMC6686806 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major contributing factor to chronic low back pain and disability, leading to imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes, altered extracellular matrix composition, loss of tissue hydration, inflammation, and impaired mechanical functionality. Current treatments aim to manage symptoms rather than treat underlying pathology. Therefore, IVD degeneration is a target for regenerative medicine strategies. Research has focused on understanding the molecular process of degeneration and the identification of various factors that may have the ability to halt and even reverse the degenerative process. One such family of growth factors, the growth differentiation factor (GDF) family, have shown particular promise for disc regeneration in in vitro and in vivo models of IVD degeneration. This review outlines our current understanding of IVD degeneration, and in this context, aims to discuss recent advancements in the use of GDF family members as anabolic factors for disc regeneration. An increasing body of evidence indicates that GDF family members are central to IVD homeostatic processes and are able to upregulate healthy nucleus pulposus cell marker genes in degenerative cells, induce mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into nucleus pulposus cells and even act as chemotactic signals mobilizing resident cell populations during disc injury repair. The understanding of GDF signaling and its interplay with inflammatory and catabolic processes may be critical for the future development of effective IVD regeneration therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Hodgkinson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Bojiang Shen
- St. George Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ashish Diwan
- St. George Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Judith A. Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation TrustManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
| | - Stephen M. Richardson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
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126
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Sánchez-Duffhues G, García de Vinuesa A, van de Pol V, Geerts ME, de Vries MR, Janson SG, van Dam H, Lindeman JH, Goumans MJ, Ten Dijke P. Inflammation induces endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and promotes vascular calcification through downregulation of BMPR2. J Pathol 2019; 247:333-346. [PMID: 30430573 PMCID: PMC6590480 DOI: 10.1002/path.5193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has been unveiled as a common cause for a multitude of human pathologies, including cancer and cardiovascular disease. Vascular calcification is a risk factor for ischemic vascular disorders and slowing calcification may reduce mortality in affected patients. The absence of early biomarkers hampers the identification of patients at risk. EndMT and vascular calcification are induced upon cooperation between distinct stimuli, including inflammatory cytokines and transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) family members. However, how these signaling pathways interplay to promote cell differentiation and eventually vascular calcification is not well understood. Using in vitro and ex vivo analysis in animal models and patient‐derived tissues, we have identified that the pro‐inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) induce EndMT in human primary aortic endothelial cells, thereby sensitizing them for BMP‐9‐induced osteogenic differentiation. Downregulation of the BMP type II receptor BMPR2 is a key event in this process. Rather than compromising BMP canonical signal transduction, loss of BMPR2 results in decreased JNK signaling in ECs, thus enhancing BMP‐9‐induced mineralization. Altogether, our results point at the BMPR2–JNK signaling axis as a key pathway regulating inflammation‐induced EndMT and contributing to calcification. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Sánchez-Duffhues
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amaya García de Vinuesa
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vera van de Pol
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marlieke E Geerts
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet R de Vries
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stef Gt Janson
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van Dam
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H Lindeman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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127
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Cui J, Zhang W, Huang E, Wang J, Liao J, Li R, Yu X, Zhao C, Zeng Z, Shu Y, Zhang R, Yan S, Lei J, Yang C, Wu K, Wu Y, Huang S, Ji X, Li A, Gong C, Yuan C, Zhang L, Liu W, Huang B, Feng Y, An L, Zhang B, Dai Z, Shen Y, Luo W, Wang X, Huang A, Luu HH, Reid RR, Wolf JM, Thinakaran G, Lee MJ, He TC. BMP9-induced osteoblastic differentiation requires functional Notch signaling in mesenchymal stem cells. J Transl Med 2019; 99:58-71. [PMID: 30353129 PMCID: PMC6300564 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitors that can differentiate into multiple lineages including osteoblastic lineage. Osteogenic differentiation of MSCs is a cascade that recapitulates most, if not all, of the molecular events occurring during embryonic skeletal development, which is regulated by numerous signaling pathways including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Through a comprehensive analysis of the osteogenic activity, we previously demonstrated that BMP9 is the most potent BMP for inducing bone formation from MSCs both in vitro and in vivo. However, as one of the least studied BMPs, the essential mediators of BMP9-induced osteogenic signaling remain elusive. Here we show that BMP9-induced osteogenic signaling in MSCs requires intact Notch signaling. While the expression of Notch receptors and ligands are readily detectable in MSCs, Notch inhibitor and dominant-negative Notch1 effectively inhibit BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in vitro and ectopic bone formation in vivo. Genetic disruption of Notch pathway severely impairs BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and ectopic bone formation from MSCs. Furthermore, while BMP9-induced expression of early-responsive genes is not affected by defective Notch signaling, BMP9 upregulates the expression of Notch receptors and ligands at the intermediate stage of osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Notch signaling may play an essential role in coordinating BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cui
- grid.412461.4Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China ,0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. .,Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated University-Town Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Enyi Huang
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated University-Town Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Junyi Liao
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyi Yu
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Shu
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Shujuan Yan
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayan Lei
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Wu
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wu
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0001 1431 9176grid.24695.3cDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Shifeng Huang
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ji
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Alexander Li
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Cheng Gong
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.413247.7Department of Surgery, the Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0001 0033 6389grid.254148.eDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Three Gorges University School of Medicine, 443002 Yichang, China
| | - Linghuan Zhang
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Huang
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China ,grid.412455.3Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, China
| | - Yixiao Feng
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Liping An
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0004 1798 9345grid.411294.bKey Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730030 Lanzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0004 1798 9345grid.411294.bKey Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730030 Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhengyu Dai
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 400021 Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Shen
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0004 1803 0208grid.452708.cDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Wenping Luo
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8653 0555grid.203458.8Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- grid.412461.4Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hue H. Luu
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Russell R. Reid
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dDepartment of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Gopal Thinakaran
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dDepartment of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Michael J. Lee
- 0000 0000 8736 9513grid.412578.dMolecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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Su X, Wei Y, Cao J, Wu X, Mou D, Luo J, Li A, Zuo GW, Tang M. CCN3 and DLL1 co-regulate osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts in a Hey1-dependent manner. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1188. [PMID: 30538222 PMCID: PMC6289993 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1234-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Notch signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways to regulate intercellular signal transduction and is crucial in the regulation of bone regeneration. Nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV or CCN3) serves as a non-canonical secreted ligand of Notch signaling pathway and its role in the process of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was undefined. Here we conducted a comprehensive study on this issue. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that CCN3 significantly inhibited the early and late osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), the expression of osteogenesis-related factors, and the subcutaneous ectopic osteogenesis of MEFs in nude mice. In mechanism studies, we found that CCN3 significantly inhibited the expression of BMP9 and the activation of BMP/Smad and BMP/MAPK signaling pathways. There was also a mutual inhibition between CCN3 and DLL1, one of the classic membrane protein ligands of Notch signaling pathway. Additionally, we further found that Hey1, the target gene shared by BMP and Notch signaling pathways, partially reversed the inhibitory effect of CCN3 on osteoblastic differentiation of MEFs. In summary, our findings suggested that CCN3 significantly inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of MEFs. The inhibitory effect of CCN3 was mainly through the inhibition of BMP signaling and the mutual inhibition with DLL1, so as to inhibit the expression of Hey1, the target gene shared by BMP and Notch signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yalin Wei
- Xi'an No.4 Hospital, 710004, Xi'an, China
| | - Junjie Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an No.5 Hospital, 710082, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiulin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Army Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Daiyong Mou
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Aifang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Chest Hospital, 710100, Xi'an, China
| | - Guo-Wei Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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129
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Pinto KNZ, Tim CR, Crovace MC, Rossi BRO, Kido HW, Parizotto NA, Zanotto ED, Peitl O, Rennó AC. Scaffolds of bioactive glass-ceramic (Biosilicate®) and bone healing: A biological evaluation in an experimental model of tibial bone defect in rats. Biomed Mater Eng 2018; 29:665-683. [PMID: 30400079 DOI: 10.3233/bme-181016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the in vivo tissue response of the Biosilicate® scaffolds in a model of tibial bone defect. Sixty male Wistar rats were distributed into bone defect control group (CG) and Biosilicate® scaffold group (BG). Animals were euthanized 15, 30 and 45 days post-surgery. Stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, histopathological, immunohistochemistry and biomechanical analysis were used. Scaffolds had a total porosity of 44%, macroporosity of 15% with pore diameter of 230 μm. Higher amount of newly formed bone was observed on days 30 and 45 in BG. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the COX-2 expression was significantly higher on days 15 and 30 in BG compared with the CG. RUNX-2 immunoexpression was significantly higher in BG on days 15 and 45. No statistically significant difference was observed in RANKL immunoexpression in all experimental groups. BMP-9 immunoexpression was significantly upregulated in the BG on day 45. Biomechanical analysis showed a decrease in the biomechanical properties of the bone callus on days 30 and 45. The implantation of the Biosilicate® scaffolds was effective in stimulating newly bone formation and produced an increased immunoexpression of markers related to the bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Roberta Tim
- Technological and Scientific Institute, Brazil University (UnBr), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Murilo Camuri Crovace
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Hueliton Wilian Kido
- Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil.,Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Nivaldo Antonio Parizotto
- Technological and Scientific Institute, Brazil University (UnBr), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Edgar Dutra Zanotto
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Oscar Peitl
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Rennó
- Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil
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130
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Vhora I, Lalani R, Bhatt P, Patil S, Patel H, Patel V, Misra A. Colloidally Stable Small Unilamellar Stearyl Amine Lipoplexes for Effective BMP-9 Gene Delivery to Stem Cells for Osteogenic Differentiation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:3550-3560. [PMID: 30187446 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The biocompatibility of cationic liposomes has led to their clinical translation in gene delivery and their application apart from cancer to cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, metabolic diseases, and more. We have prepared PEGylated stearyl amine (pegSA) lipoplexes meticulously considering the physicochemical properties and formulation parameters to prepare single unilamellar vesicles (SUV) of < 100 nm size which retain their SUV nature upon complexation with pDNA rather than the conventional lipoplexes which show multilamellar nature. The developed PEGylated SA lipoplexes (pegSA lipoplexes) showed a lower N/P ratio (1.5) for BMP-9 gene complexation while maintaining the SUV character with a unique shape (square and triangular lipoplexes). Colloidal and pDNA complexation stability in the presence of electrolytes and serum indicates the suitability for intravenous administration for delivery of lipoplexes to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through sinusoidal vessels in bone marrow. Moreover, lower charge density of lipoplexes and low oxidative stress led to lower toxicity of lipoplexes to the C2C12 cells, NIH 3T3 cells, and erythrocytes. Transfection studies showed efficient gene delivery to C2C12 cells inducing osteogenic differentiation through BMP-9 expression as shown by enhanced calcium deposition in vitro, proving the potential of lipoplexes for bone regeneration. In vivo acute toxicity studies further demonstrated safety of the developed lipoplexes. Developed pegSA lipoplexes show potential for further in vivo preclinical evaluation to establish the proof of concept.
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131
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Saulacic N, Schaller B, Muñoz F, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Kobayashi E, Lang NP, Miron RJ. Recombinant human BMP9 (RhBMP9) in comparison with rhBMP2 for ridge augmentation following tooth extraction: An experimental study in the Beagle dog. Clin Oral Implants Res 2018; 29:1050-1059. [PMID: 30281171 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of rhBMP2 with rhBMP9 on ridge augmentation following healing of extraction sockets in dogs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five male Beagle dogs, approximately 12 months of age, were used. The mesial roots of the four maxillary premolars were endodontically treated. The distal roots were extracted, and the buccal bony walls removed. All extraction sockets were filled with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM). A collagen membrane was soaked with 4 μg or 20 μg of rhBMP9, 20 μg of rhBMP2 or sterile saline and placed over the augmented sites. All animals were euthanized after 8 weeks of healing and investigated by micro-CT and histologic analysis. A one-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD post hoc test was used to compare the differences between the four groups. RESULTS New bone apposition in all defects was observed from the original bone. RhBMP samples showed an increase in bone formation in the buccal area and better integration of DBBM particles when compared to control sites. Both rhBMP9 defects showed higher values of bone (p = 0.024), bone marrow (p = 0.044), and total augmentation volume (p = 0.033) than the rhBMP2 (20 μg) or control sites. Highest bone area was found in rhBMP9 defects (p = 0.895). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the present study, rhBMP9 sites demonstrated higher bone-inducing potential in combination with DBBM than rhBMP2. While rhBMP9s failed to demonstrate a clear dose-response relationship to the outcomes, future studies are necessary to evaluate the appropriate dose and carrier systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Saulacic
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Muñoz
- Veterinary Faculty Lugo, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, España
| | - Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Eizaburo Kobayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Niklaus P Lang
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
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Tantilertanant Y, Niyompanich J, Everts V, Supaphol P, Pavasant P, Sanchavanakit N. Cyclic tensile force stimulates BMP9 synthesis and in vitro mineralization by human periodontal ligament cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4528-4539. [PMID: 30206934 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are mechanosensitive and have the potential to differentiate into osteoblast-like cells under the influence of cyclic tensile force (CTF). CTF modulates the expression of regulatory proteins including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which are essential for the homeostasis of the periodontium. Among the BMPs, BMP9 is one of the most potent osteogenic BMPs. It is yet unknown whether CTF affects the expression of BMP9 and mineralization. Here, we demonstrated that continuously applied CTF for only the first 6 hr stimulated the synthesis of BMP9 and induced mineral deposition within 14 days by human PDL cells. Stimulation of BMP9 expression depended on ATP and P2Y 1 receptors. Apyrase, an ecto-ATPase, inhibited CTF-mediated ATP-induced BMP9 expression. The addition of ATP increased the expression of BMP9. Loss of function experiments using suramin (a broad-spectrum P2Y antagonist), MRS2179 (a specific P2Y 1 receptor antagonist), MRS 2365 (a specific P2Y 1 agonist), U-73122 (a phospholipase C [PLC] inhibitor), and thapsigargin (enhancer of intracytosolic calcium) revealed the participation of P2Y 1 in regulating the expression of BMP9. This was mediated by an increased level of intracellular Ca 2+ through the PLC pathway. A neutralizing anti-BMP9 antibody decreased mineral deposition, which was stimulated by CTF for almost 45% indicating a role of BMP9 in an in vitro mineralization. Collectively, our findings suggest an essential modulatory role of CTF in the homeostasis and regeneration of the periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanee Tantilertanant
- Department of Anatomy and Research Unit of Mineralized Tissues, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jitti Niyompanich
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vincent Everts
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pitt Supaphol
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Department of Anatomy and Research Unit of Mineralized Tissues, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Neeracha Sanchavanakit
- Department of Anatomy and Research Unit of Mineralized Tissues, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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133
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Deng ZH, Li YS, Gao X, Lei GH, Huard J. Bone morphogenetic proteins for articular cartilage regeneration. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:1153-1161. [PMID: 29580979 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Degeneration of articular cartilage (AC) tissue is the most common cause of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play important roles in bone and cartilage formation. This article reviews the experimental and clinical applications of BMPs in cartilage regeneration. Experimental evidence indicates that BMPs play an important role in protection against cartilage damage caused by inflammation or trauma, by binding to different receptor combinations and, consequently, activating different intracellular signaling pathways. Loss of function of BMP-related receptors contributes to the decreased intrinsic repair capacity of damaged cartilage and, thus, the multifunctional effects of BMPs make them attractive tools for the treatment of cartilage damage in patients with degenerative diseases. However, the development of BMP therapy as a treatment modality for cartilage regeneration has been hampered by certain factors, such as the eligibility of participants in clinical trials, financial support, drug delivery carrier safety, availabilities of effective scaffolds, appropriate selection of optimal dose and timing of administration, and side effects. Further research is needed to overcome these issues for future routine clinical applications. Research and development leading to the successful application of BMPs can initiate a new era in the treatment of cartilage degenerative diseases like OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Tissue Engineering and Aging Research, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Y S Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - X Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Tissue Engineering and Aging Research, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; The Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA
| | - G H Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
| | - J Huard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Tissue Engineering and Aging Research, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; The Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA.
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Dang M, Saunders L, Niu X, Fan Y, Ma PX. Biomimetic delivery of signals for bone tissue engineering. Bone Res 2018; 6:25. [PMID: 30181921 PMCID: PMC6115422 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-018-0025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is an exciting approach to directly repair bone defects or engineer bone tissue for transplantation. Biomaterials play a pivotal role in providing a template and extracellular environment to support regenerative cells and promote tissue regeneration. A variety of signaling cues have been identified to regulate cellular activity, tissue development, and the healing process. Numerous studies and trials have shown the promise of tissue engineering, but successful translations of bone tissue engineering research into clinical applications have been limited, due in part to a lack of optimal delivery systems for these signals. Biomedical engineers are therefore highly motivated to develop biomimetic drug delivery systems, which benefit from mimicking signaling molecule release or presentation by the native extracellular matrix during development or the natural healing process. Engineered biomimetic drug delivery systems aim to provide control over the location, timing, and release kinetics of the signal molecules according to the drug's physiochemical properties and specific biological mechanisms. This article reviews biomimetic strategies in signaling delivery for bone tissue engineering, with a focus on delivery systems rather than specific molecules. Both fundamental considerations and specific design strategies are discussed with examples of recent research progress, demonstrating the significance and potential of biomimetic delivery systems for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Dang
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Laura Saunders
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Xufeng Niu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Peter X. Ma
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
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Zhu JH, Liao YP, Li FS, Hu Y, Li Q, Ma Y, Wang H, Zhou Y, He BC, Su YX. Wnt11 promotes BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation through BMPs/Smads and p38 MAPK in mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9462-9473. [PMID: 30010216 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), as one of the most potent osteogenic factors, is a promising cytokine for bone tissue engineering. Wnt11 can regulate the development of the skeletal system and is related to high bone mass syndrome. However, the effect of Wnt11 on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the relationship between Wnt11- and BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We recapitulated the osteogenic potential of BMP9 in C3H10T1/2 cells. The messenger RNA expression of Wnt11 is detectable in the available progenitor cells, and BMP9 can obviously increase the protein level of Wnt11 in these cells. Exogenous Wnt11 potentiates the effect of BMP9 on increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, the expression of osteopontin (OPN), and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), so does matrix mineralization in C3H10T1/2 cells. Although Wnt11 cannot increase the BMP9-induced ectopic bone formation, it can increase the bone density induced by BMP9 apparently. Wnt11 increases the level of p-Smad1/5/8, as well as p-p38. Meanwhile, Wnt11 promotes the effect of BMP9 on increasing the levels of p-Smad1/5/8 and p-p38. Inhibition of p38 decreases the BMP9-induced ALP activities, the expression of OPN, and the mineralization in C3H10T1/2 cells. However, all of these effects of the p38 inhibitor on BMP9-induced osteogenic markers can be almost reversed by the overexpression of Wnt11. Our findings suggested that Wnt11 can enhance the osteogenic potential of BMP9 in MSCs, and this effect may be partly mediated through enhancing BMPs/Smads and the p38 MAPK signal, which was induced by BMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic, Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun-Peng Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fu-Shu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Xi Su
- Department of Orthopedic, Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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136
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LncRNA ITGB2-AS1 Could Promote the Migration and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells through Up-Regulating ITGB2. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071866. [PMID: 29941860 PMCID: PMC6073814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the previous study, we screened a novel lncRNA-ITGB2-AS1, which was down-regulated by bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) in breast cancer cell. Studying ITGB2-AS1 will lay the foundation for the exploring mechanism of the BMP9 inhibitory effect on breast cancer. The expression analysis related to ITGB2-AS1 in clinical samples was conducted on online websites. The overexpression plasmid or siRNA fragment was transfected into breast cancer cells to alter its gene expression. The MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to measure cell viability and cell cycle. Additionally, cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and transwell assay. The results of biological function experiments showed that ITGB2-AS1 could promote the migration and invasion of breast cancer. Furthermore, ITGB2-AS1 increased the mRNA and protein expression of ITGB2. Consistent with ITGB2-AS1, ITGB2 exerted the promotion effect on the migration and invasion of breast cancer and activated integrin-related FAK signaling. The OL plasmid expressing the truncation of ITGB2-AS1, which was complementary to ITGB2, was essential for activation of FAK signaling. In conclusion, LncRNA ITGB2-AS1 could promote the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by up-regulating ITGB2.
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137
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Souza AT, Bezerra BL, Oliveira FS, Freitas GP, Bighetti Trevisan RL, Oliveira PT, Rosa AL, Beloti MM. Effect of bone morphogenetic protein 9 on osteoblast differentiation of cells grown on titanium with nanotopography. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8441-8449. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alann T.P. Souza
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoSão PauloBrazil
| | - Barbara L.S. Bezerra
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoSão PauloBrazil
| | - Fabiola S. Oliveira
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoSão PauloBrazil
| | - Gileade P. Freitas
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoSão PauloBrazil
| | - Rayana L. Bighetti Trevisan
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoSão PauloBrazil
| | - Paulo T. Oliveira
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoSão PauloBrazil
| | - Adalberto L. Rosa
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoSão PauloBrazil
| | - Marcio M. Beloti
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São Paulo, Ribeirão PretoSão PauloBrazil
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138
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Huang M, Cheng Y, Zeng J, Su X, Liu H. Inhibin α‐subunit inhibits BMP9‐induced osteogenic differentiation through blocking BMP/Smad signal and activating NF‐κB signal in mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8271-8281. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ya‐Lin Cheng
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ji‐Tao Zeng
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiao‐Ya Su
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Reproduction Health and InfertilityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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139
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Zhao C, Zeng Z, Qazvini NT, Yu X, Zhang R, Yan S, Shu Y, Zhu Y, Duan C, Bishop E, Lei J, Zhang W, Yang C, Wu K, Wu Y, An L, Huang S, Ji X, Gong C, Yuan C, Zhang L, Liu W, Huang B, Feng Y, Zhang B, Dai Z, Shen Y, Wang X, Luo W, Oliveira L, Athiviraham A, Lee MJ, Wolf JM, Ameer GA, Reid RR, He TC, Huang W. Thermoresponsive Citrate-Based Graphene Oxide Scaffold Enhances Bone Regeneration from BMP9-Stimulated Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:2943-2955. [PMID: 30906855 PMCID: PMC6425978 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Effective bone tissue engineering is important to overcome the unmet clinical challenges as more than 1.6 million bone grafts are done annually in the United States. Successful bone tissue engineering needs minimally three critical constituents: osteoprogenitor cells, osteogenic factors, and osteoinductive/osteoconductive scaffolds. Osteogenic progenitors are derived from multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can be prepared from numerous tissue sources, including adipose tissue. We previously showed that BMP9 is the most osteogenic BMP and induces robust bone formation of immortalized mouse adipose-derived MSCs entrapped in a citrate-based thermoresponsive hydrogel referred to as PPCNg. As graphene and its derivatives emerge as promising biomaterials, here we develop a novel thermosensitive and injectable hybrid material by combining graphene oxide (GO) with PPCNg (designated as GO-P) and characterize its ability to promote bone formation. We demonstrate that the thermoresponsive behavior of the hybrid material is maintained while effectively supporting MSC survival and proliferation. Furthermore, GO-P induces early bone-forming marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and potentiates BMP9-induced expression of osteogenic regulators and bone markers as well as angiogenic factor VEGF in MSCs. In vivo studies show BMP9-transduced MSCs entrapped in the GO-P scaffold form well-mineralized and highly vascularized trabecular bone. Thus, these results indicate that GO-P hybrid material may function as a new biocompatible, injectable scaffold with osteoinductive and osteoconductive activities for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Nephrology, Cardiology, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Nader Taheri Qazvini
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xinyi Yu
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Nephrology, Cardiology, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shujuan Yan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Chongwen Duan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Elliot Bishop
- Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC6035, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jiayan Lei
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Nephrology, Cardiology, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Diagnostics, The Affiliated University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 55 Daxuecheng Zhonglu, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 N. Third Ring Road E., Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liping An
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Shifeng Huang
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Nephrology, Cardiology, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xiaojuan Ji
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Cheng Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Three Gorges University School of Medicine, 8 Daxue Road, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Linghuan Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Nephrology, Cardiology, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bo Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Nephrology, Cardiology, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhengyu Dai
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 35 Jianxin East Road, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wenping Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Leonardo Oliveira
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Aravind Athiviraham
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guillermo A Ameer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 420 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States.,Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Russell R Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC6035, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC 3079, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Chongqing 400016, China.,Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering (CARE), 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Wei Huang
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Nephrology, Cardiology, Clinical Laboratory Medicine, and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
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140
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Betz VM, Kochanek S, Rammelt S, Müller PE, Betz OB, Messmer C. Recent advances in gene-enhanced bone tissue engineering. J Gene Med 2018; 20:e3018. [PMID: 29601661 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of bone tissue represents a critical clinical condition that is frequently faced by surgeons. Substantial progress has been made in the area of bone research, providing insight into the biology of bone under physiological and pathological conditions, as well as tools for the stimulation of bone regeneration. The present review discusses recent advances in the field of gene-enhanced bone tissue engineering. Gene transfer strategies have emerged as highly effective tissue engineering approaches for supporting the repair of the musculoskeletal system. By contrast to treatment with recombinant proteins, genetically engineered cells can release growth factors at the site of injury over extended periods of time. Of particular interest are the expedited technologies that can be applied during a single surgical procedure in a cost-effective manner, allowing translation from bench to bedside. Several promising methods based on the intra-operative genetic manipulation of autologous cells or tissue fragments have been developed in preclinical studies. Moreover, gene therapy for bone regeneration has entered the clinical stage with clinical trials for the repair of alveolar bone. Current trends in gene-enhanced bone engineering are also discussed with respect to the movement of the field towards expedited, translational approaches. It is possible that gene-enhanced bone tissue engineering will become a clinical reality within the next few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker M Betz
- Department of Gene Therapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Center for Rehabilitation, RKU - University and Rehabilitation Hospitals Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Rammelt
- University Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology and Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter E Müller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver B Betz
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Carolin Messmer
- Center for Rehabilitation, RKU - University and Rehabilitation Hospitals Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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141
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Kim S, Cui ZK, Kim PJ, Jung LY, Lee M. Design of hydrogels to stabilize and enhance bone morphogenetic protein activity by heparin mimetics. Acta Biomater 2018; 72:45-54. [PMID: 29597024 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is known to be the most potent stimulator available for bone formation, a major barrier to widespread clinical use is its inherent instability and absence of an adequate delivery system. Heparin is being widely used in controlled release systems due to its strong binding ability and protective effect for many growth factor proteins. In this work, we developed a hydrogel surface that can mimic heparin to stabilize BMP-2 and to enhance osteogenesis by introducing heparin-mimicking sulfonated molecules such as poly-vinylsulfonic acid (PVSA) or poly-4-styrenesulfonic acid (PSS), into photo-crosslinkable hydrogel. Bioactivity of BMP-2 was well preserved in the presence of polysulfonates during exposure to various therapeutically relevant stressors. The heparin-mimicking sulfonated hydrogels were effective to bind BMP-2 compared to unmodified MeGC hydrogel and significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) without the addition of exogenous BMP-2. The sulfonated hydrogels were effective in delivering exogenous BMP-2 with reduced initial burst and increased BMSCs osteogenesis induced by BMP-2. These findings suggest a novel hydrogel platform for sequestering and stabilizing BMP-2 to enhance osteoinductive activity in bone tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is believed to be the most potent cytokine for bone regeneration, its clinical applications require supraphysiological BMP dosage due to its intrinsic instability and fast enzymatic degradation, leading to worrisome side effects. This study demonstrates a novel hydrogel platform that mimics a natural protector of BMPs, heparin, to sequester and stabilize BMP-2 for increased osteoinductive signaling. This study will achieve the stabilization of BMPs with prolonged bioactivity by a synthetic heparin mimic that has not been examined previously. Moreover, the heparin mimetic hydrogel surface can augment endogenous BMP activity by sequestering and localizing the cell-produced BMPs. The additional knowledge gained from this study may suggest basis for future development of material-based therapeutics for tissue engineering.
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142
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Yan S, Zhang R, Wu K, Cui J, Huang S, Ji X, An L, Yuan C, Gong C, Zhang L, Liu W, Feng Y, Zhang B, Dai Z, Shen Y, Wang X, Luo W, Liu B, Haydon RC, Lee MJ, Reid RR, Wolf JM, Shi Q, Luu HH, He TC, Weng Y. Characterization of the essential role of bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through RNA interference. Genes Dis 2018; 5:172-184. [PMID: 30258947 PMCID: PMC6149187 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells and capable of differentiating into multiple cell types including osteoblastic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages. We previously identified BMP9 as one of the most potent BMPs that induce osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs although exact molecular mechanism through which BMP9 regulates osteogenic differentiation remains to be fully understood. Here, we seek to develop a recombinant adenovirus system to optimally silence mouse BMP9 and then characterize the important role of BMP9 in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Using two different siRNA bioinformatic prediction programs, we design five siRNAs targeting mouse BMP9 (or simB9), which are expressed under the control of the converging H1 and U6 promoters in recombinant adenovirus vectors. We demonstrate that two of the five siRNAs, simB9-4 and simB9-7, exhibit the highest efficiency on silencing exogenous mouse BMP9 in MSCs. Furthermore, simB9-4 and simB9-7 act synergistically in inhibiting BMP9-induced expression of osteogenic markers, matrix mineralization and ectopic bone formation from MSCs. Thus, our findings demonstrate the important role of BMP9 in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. The characterized simB9 siRNAs may be used as an important tool to investigate the molecular mechanism behind BMP9 osteogenic signaling. Our results also indicate that recombinant adenovirus-mediated expression of siRNAs is efficient and sustained, and thus may be used as an effective delivery vehicle of siRNA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ke Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The School of Pharmacy and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Shifeng Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The School of Pharmacy and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ji
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The School of Pharmacy and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liping An
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Three Gorges University School of Medicine, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Cheng Gong
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Linghuan Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The School of Pharmacy and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The School of Pharmacy and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yixiao Feng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The School of Pharmacy and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Surgery of Gansu Province and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Zhengyu Dai
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Wenping Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The School of Pharmacy and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The School of Pharmacy and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Rex C Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Qiong Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yaguang Weng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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143
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Ribeiro M, Fernandes MH, Beppu MM, Monteiro FJ, Ferraz MP. Silk fibroin/nanohydroxyapatite hydrogels for promoted bioactivity and osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 89:336-345. [PMID: 29752106 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) is a natural, biocompatible, and biodegradable polymer having a great potential for the successful regeneration of damaged bone tissue. In the present work, nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHA) was incorporated into SF polymer to form a bioactive composite hydrogel for applications as bone implants. The degradation and bioactive properties of SF/nanoHA composite hydrogels were evaluated. Additionally, biological investigations of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) viability, proliferation and differentiation to the osteoblastic phenotype were conducted. The incorporation of nanoHA in SF polymer matrices improved the bioactivity of the hydrogels. The biological results highlighted that the SF/nanoHA composite hydrogels are suitable for hBMSCs attachment and proliferation, while a test for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) expression suggested osteoblast differentiation. Additionally, a cell staining method for ALP allowed to observe cell infiltration with active production of ALP by the infiltrated cells, paving the way to use the proposed composite hydrogel for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ribeiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4150-180, Portugal; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
| | - Maria H Fernandes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-393, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV - U. Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa M Beppu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Fernando J Monteiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4150-180, Portugal; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Maria P Ferraz
- FP-ENAS/CEBIMED - University Fernando Pessoa Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit/Biomedical Research Center, Porto 4249-004, Portugal
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144
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Kim MJ, Park SY, Chang HR, Jung EY, Munkhjargal A, Lim JS, Lee MS, Kim Y. Clinical significance linked to functional defects in bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor, BMPR2. BMB Rep 2018; 50:308-317. [PMID: 28391780 PMCID: PMC5498141 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2017.50.6.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor (BMPR2) is one of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily receptors, performing diverse roles during embryonic development, vasculogenesis, and osteogenesis. Human BMPR2 consists of 1,038 amino acids, and contains functionally conserved extracellular, transmembrane, kinase, and C-terminal cytoplasmic domains. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) engage the tetrameric complex, composed of BMPR2 and its corresponding type 1 receptors, which initiates SMAD proteins-mediated signal transduction leading to the expression of target genes implicated in the development or differentiation of the embryo, organs and bones. In particular, genetic alterations of BMPR2 gene are associated with several clinical disorders, including representative pulmonary arterial hypertension, cancers, and metabolic diseases, thus demonstrating the physiological importance of BMPR2. In this mini review, we summarize recent findings regarding the molecular basis of BMPR2 functions in BMP signaling, and the versatile roles of BMPR2. In addition, various aspects of experimentally validated pathogenic mutations of BMPR2 and the linked human diseases will also be discussed, which are important in clinical settings for diagnostics and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Seon Young Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Hae Ryung Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Eun Young Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Anudari Munkhjargal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Myeong-Sok Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
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145
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Liu X, Ji C, Xu L, Yu T, Dong C, Luo J. Hmox1 promotes osteogenic differentiation at the expense of reduced adipogenic differentiation induced by BMP9 in C3H10T1/2 cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5503-5516. [PMID: 29377252 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitors that can differentiate into a variety of cell types under proper stimuli. Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is able to simultaneously induce both adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs although the regulatory molecules involved remain to be fully identified and characterized. Heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1) plays an essential role not only in fat metabolism, but also in bone development. In the present study, we investigated the functional role of Hmox1 in BMP9-induced osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation in MSCs line C3H10T1/2 and probed the possible mechanism involved. We found that BMP9 promoted the endogenous expression of Hmox1 in C3H10T1/2 cells. Overexpression of Hmox1 or cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP), an inducer of Hmox1, increased BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Subcutaneous stem cell implantation in nude mice further confirmed that Hmox1 potentiated BMP9-induced ectopic bone formation in vivo. In contrast, Hmox1 reduced BMP9-induced adipogenic differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells. Although had no obvious effect on BMP9-induced Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation, Hmox1 enhanced phosphorylation of p38, and AKT, while decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Furthermore, Hmox1 increased total β-catenin protein level, and promoted the nuclear translocation of β-catenin in C3H10T1/2 cells. Taken together, our study strongly suggests that Hmox1 is likely to potentiate osteogenic differentiation and yet decrease adipogenic differentiation induced by BMP9 possibly through regulation of multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Caixia Ji
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - TingTing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chaoqun Dong
- Department of Orthorpedic, Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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146
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Li P, Li Y, Zhu L, Yang Z, He J, Wang L, Shang Q, Pan H, Wang H, Ma X, Li B, Fan X, Ge S, Jia R, Zhang H. Targeting secreted cytokine BMP9 gates the attenuation of hepatic fibrosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:709-720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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147
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Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Abd El Raouf M, Saulacic N, Kobayashi E, Zhang Y, Schaller B, Miron RJ. Superior bone-inducing potential of rhBMP9 compared to rhBMP2. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1561-1574. [PMID: 29396910 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human bone morphogenic protein (rhBMP) 9 has recently been reported to have more osteopromotive potential in vitro when compared to rhBMP2. The aim of the present study was to investigate the bone-inducing potential of rhBMP2 and rhBMP9. We compared rhBMP2, rhBMP7, and rhBMP9 at five different concentrations and showed convincingly that rhBMP9 possesses much greater potential for osteoblast differentiation even at 20 times lower concentrations in vitro. We further show that Noggin, an inhibitor for rhBMP2-induced osteogenesis, did not alter rhBMP9-induced osteogenesis. Thereafter, we show for the first time that rhBMP9 loaded onto atelo-collagen membranes is osteoinductive and has greater potential to form ectopic bone formation when compared to rhBMP2 even at four times lower doses. Similarly new bone formation of rhBMP2 and 9 when loaded on deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) was investigated in a rabbit calvarial defect. At 8 weeks, both rhBMP2 and rhBMP9 induced significantly higher new bone formation when compared to DBBM alone samples. Interestingly, once again four times lower dose of rhBMP9 group induced comparable or even greater levels of new bone height and new bone area when compared to the rhBMP2 group. The present study revealed that (1) rhBMP9 is capable of inducing ectopic new bone formation in vivo and (2) up to four times lower doses of rhBMP9 may be utilized to regenerate same-size bone defects when compared to rhBMP2. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1561-1574, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Abd El Raouf
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nikola Saulacic
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eizaburo Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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148
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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated reversibly immortalized mouse bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) retain multipotent features of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Oncotarget 2017; 8:111847-111865. [PMID: 29340096 PMCID: PMC5762364 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic progenitor cells that can undergo self-renewal and differentiate into multi-lineages. Bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) represent one of the most commonly-used MSCs. In order to overcome the technical challenge of maintaining primary BMSCs in long-term culture, here we seek to establish reversibly immortalized mouse BMSCs (imBMSCs). By exploiting CRISPR/Cas9-based homology-directed-repair (HDR) mechanism, we target SV40T to mouse Rosa26 locus and efficiently immortalize mouse BMSCs (i.e., imBMSCs). We also immortalize BMSCs with retroviral vector SSR #41 and establish imBMSC41 as a control line. Both imBMSCs and imBMSC41 exhibit long-term proliferative capability although imBMSC41 cells have a higher proliferation rate. SV40T mRNA expression is 130% higher in imBMSC41 than that in imBMSCs. However, FLP expression leads to 86% reduction of SV40T expression in imBMSCs, compared with 63% in imBMSC41 cells. Quantitative genomic PCR analysis indicates that the average copy number of SV40T and hygromycin is 1.05 for imBMSCs and 2.07 for imBMSC41, respectively. Moreover, FLP expression removes 92% of SV40T in imBMSCs at the genome DNA level, compared with 58% of that in imBMSC41 cells, indicating CRISPR/Cas9 HDR-mediated immortalization of BMSCs can be more effectively reversed than that of retrovirus-mediated random integrations. Nonetheless, both imBMSCs and imBMSC41 lines express MSC markers and are highly responsive to BMP9-induced osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the engineered imBMSCs can be used as a promising alternative source of primary MSCs for basic and translational research in the fields of MSC biology and regenerative medicine.
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149
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Wang N, Liu W, Tan T, Dong CQ, Lin DY, Zhao J, Yu C, Luo XJ. Notch signaling negatively regulates BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells by inhibiting JunB expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109661-109674. [PMID: 29312637 PMCID: PMC5752550 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although interaction between BMP and Notch signaling has been demonstrated to be crucial for osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the precise molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, we show that Notch intracellular domain (NICD) overexpression inhibits BMP9-induced C3H10T1/2 cell osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Our results show that activated Notch signaling results in down-regulation of Runx2 and early osteogenesis differentiation factors, without affecting p-Smad1/5/8 expression, and that blocking Notch signaling with DAPT (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester) significantly increases p-Smad1/5/8 expression. Interestingly, Notch signaling also regulates the cell cycle by increasing PCNA (proliferation cell nuclear antigen) and CyclinD1 expression. Furthermore, similar results were obtained by ectopic bone formation and histological analyses, indicating that Notch signaling activation significantly inhibits BMP9-induced MSC osteogenic, cartilage and adipogenic differentiation. Moreover, we are the first to show that Notch regulates by suppressing JunB synthesis and that the negative effect of Notch is partially reversed by treatment with the JunB activator TPA (12-O-tetradeca-noylphorbol-13-acetate). Our findings demonstrate that Notch signaling significantly enhances cell proliferation but inhibits MSC osteogenic differentiation induced by BMP9 via JunB protein suppression rather than by BMP/Smad signaling regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Qun Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Duan-Yang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Chang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ji Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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150
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He F, Wang H, Ren WY, Ma Y, Liao YP, Zhu JH, Cui J, Deng ZL, Su YX, Gan H, He BC. BMP9/COX-2 axial mediates high phosphate-induced calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2851-2863. [PMID: 29073723 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a notable risk factor for cardiovascular system. High phosphate can induce calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), but the detail mechanism underlying this process remains unclear. In the present study, we determined the relationship between high phosphate and bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) in VSMCs, the effect of BMP9 on calcification in VSMCs and the effect of COX-2 on BMP9 induced calcification in VSMCs, as well as the possible mechanism underlying this biological process. We found that high phosphate obviously up-regulates the expression of BMP9 in VSMCs. Over-expression of BMP9 decreases the level of alpha-smooth muscle cell actin (α-SMA) apparently, but increases the level of Runx-2, Dlx-5, and ALP in VSMCs. Meanwhile, BMP9 increases the level of OPN and OCN, promotes mineralization in VSMCs and induces calcification in thoracic aorta. High phosphate and over-expression of BMP9 increases the level of COX-2. Over-expression of COX-2 enhances the inhibitory effect of BMP9 on α-SAM and increases the level of OPN and OCN induced by BMP9. However, inhibition of COX-2 decreases the BMP9-induced calcification in VSMCs and thoracic aorta. For mechanism, we found that high phosphate or BMP9 increases the level of β-catenin and p-GSK3β in VSMCs, but no substantial effect on GSK3β. However, COX-2 inhibitor decreases the expression of β-catenin induced by BMP9. Our findings indicated that BMP9 is involved in the phosphate-induced calcification in VSMCs and COX-2 partly mediates the BMP9-induced calcification in VSMCs through activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yan Ren
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ma
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Peng Liao
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Cui
- Infectious Disease Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Liang Deng
- Department of Orthorpedic, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xi Su
- Department of Orthorpedic, Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Gan
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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