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Shi X, Long Y, He F, Zhang C, Wang R, Zhang T, Wu W, Hao Z, Wang Y, Wang GL, Ning Y. The fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae suppresses innate immunity by modulating a host potassium channel. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006878. [PMID: 29385213 PMCID: PMC5809103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is required by plants for growth and development, and also contributes to immunity against pathogens. However, it has not been established whether pathogens modulate host K+ signaling pathways to enhance virulence and subvert host immunity. Here, we show that the effector protein AvrPiz-t from the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae targets a K+ channel to subvert plant immunity. AvrPiz-t interacts with the rice plasma-membrane-localized K+ channel protein OsAKT1 and specifically suppresses the OsAKT1-mediated K+ currents. Genetic and phenotypic analyses show that loss of OsAKT1 leads to decreased K+ content and reduced resistance against M. oryzae. Strikingly, AvrPiz-t interferes with the association of OsAKT1 with its upstream regulator, the cytoplasmic kinase OsCIPK23, which also plays a positive role in K+ absorption and resistance to M. oryzae. Furthermore, we show a direct correlation between blast disease resistance and external K+ status in rice plants. Together, our data present a novel mechanism by which a pathogen suppresses plant host immunity by modulating a host K+ channel. Plant nutritional status can greatly influence plant immunity in response to pathogen invasion. Rice blast, a devastating rice disease caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, causes a significant reduction in yield and affects food security. In this study, we demonstrate that the M. oryzae secreted protein AvrPiz-t interacts with rice OsAKT1, a potassium (K+) channel protein, and suppresses OsAKT1-mediated inward K+ currents, possibly by competing with the OsAKT1 upstream regulator, OsCIPK23. We also show that both OsAKT1 and OsCIPK23 are required for K+ uptake and resistance against M. oryzae infection in rice. This study provides new insights into the molecular basis of pathogen-mediated perturbation of a plant nutrition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chongyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyun Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (GLW); (YN)
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YW); (GLW); (YN)
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (GLW); (YN)
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Li Q, Wang W, Wang W, Zhang G, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang W. Wheat F-Box Protein Gene TaFBA1 Is Involved in Plant Tolerance to Heat Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:521. [PMID: 29740462 PMCID: PMC5928245 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Adverse environmental conditions, including high temperature, often affect the growth and production of crops worldwide. F-box protein, a core component of the Skp1-Cullin-F-box (SCF) E3 ligase complex, plays an important role in abiotic stress responses. A previously cloned gene from wheat, TaFBA1, encodes a homologous F-box protein. A Yeast two-Hybrid (Y2H) assay showed that TaFBA1 interacted with other SCF proteins. We found that the expression of TaFBA1 could be induced by heat stress (45°C). Overexpression of TaFBA1 enhanced heat stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco, because growth inhibition was reduced and photosynthesis increased as compared with those in the wild type (WT) plants. Furthermore, the accumulation of H2O2, O2-, and carbonyl protein decreased and cell damage was alleviated in transgenic plants under heat stress, which resulted in less oxidative damage. However, the transgenic plants contained more enzymatic antioxidants after heat stress, which might be related to the regulation of some antioxidant gene expressions. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that the overexpression of TaFBA1 upregulated the expression of genes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, proline biosynthesis, and abiotic stress responses. We identified the interaction of TaFBA1 with Triticum aestivum stress responsive protein 1 (TaASRP1) by Y2H assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay. The results suggested that TaFBA1 may improve enzymatic antioxidant levels and regulate gene expression by interacting with other proteins, such as TaASRP1, which leads to the enhanced heat stress tolerance seen in the transgenic plants.
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103
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Saito S, Hoshi N, Zulkifli L, Widyastuti S, Goshima S, Dreyer I, Uozumi N. Identification of regions responsible for the function of the plant K + channels KAT1 and AKT2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Xenopus laevis oocytes. Channels (Austin) 2017; 11:510-516. [PMID: 28933647 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2017.1372066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Arabidopsis K+ channel KAT1 complements in K+-limited medium the growth of the K+ uptake defective Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant strain CY162, while another K+ channel, AKT2, does not. To gain insight into the structural basis for this difference, we constructed 12 recombinant chimeric channels from these two genes. When expressed in CY162, only three of these chimeras fully rescued the growth of CY162 under K+-limited conditions. We conclude that the transmembrane core region of KAT1 is important for its activity in S. cerevisiae. This involves not only the pore region but also parts of its voltage-sensor domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Saito
- a Department of Biomolecular Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan
| | - Naomi Hoshi
- a Department of Biomolecular Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan
| | - Lalu Zulkifli
- a Department of Biomolecular Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan
| | - Sri Widyastuti
- b Bioscience and Biotechnology Center , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Shinobu Goshima
- b Bioscience and Biotechnology Center , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Japan
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- c Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular , Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca , Talca , Chile
| | - Nobuyuki Uozumi
- a Department of Biomolecular Engineering , Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan
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104
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Coskun D, Britto DT, Kronzucker HJ. The nitrogen-potassium intersection: membranes, metabolism, and mechanism. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:2029-2041. [PMID: 26524711 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) are the two most abundantly acquired mineral elements by plants, and their acquisition pathways interact in complex ways. Here, we review pivotal interactions with respect to root acquisition, storage, translocation and metabolism, between the K+ ion and the two major N sources, ammonium (NH4+ ) and nitrate (NO3- ). The intersections between N and K physiology are explored at a number of organizational levels, from molecular-genetic processes, to compartmentation, to whole plant physiology, and discussed in the context of both N-K cooperation and antagonism. Nutritional regulation and optimization of plant growth, yield, metabolism and water-use efficiency are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Coskun
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Canadian Centre for World Hunger Research (CCWHR), University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M1C 1A4
| | - Dev T Britto
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Canadian Centre for World Hunger Research (CCWHR), University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M1C 1A4
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Canadian Centre for World Hunger Research (CCWHR), University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M1C 1A4
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105
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Jha SK, Malik S, Sharma M, Pandey A, Pandey GK. Recent Advances in Substrate Identification of Protein Kinases in Plants and Their Role in Stress Management. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:523-541. [PMID: 29204081 PMCID: PMC5684648 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170228142703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation-dephosphorylation is a well-known regulatory mechanism in biological systems and has become one of the significant means of protein function regulation, modulating most of the biological processes. Protein kinases play vital role in numerous cellular processes. Kinases transduce external signal into responses such as growth, immunity and stress tolerance through phosphorylation of their target proteins. In order to understand these cellular processes at the molecular level, one needs to be aware of the different substrates targeted by protein kinases. Advancement in tools and techniques has bestowed practice of multiple approaches that enable target identification of kinases. However, so far none of the methodologies has been proved to be as good as a panacea for the substrate identification. In this review, the recent advances that have been made in the identifications of putative substrates and the implications of these kinases and their substrates in stress management are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj K Jha
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Shikha Malik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Manisha Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India
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106
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Jiang F, Wang T, Wang Y, Kochian LV, Chen F, Liu J. Identification and characterization of suppressor mutants of stop1. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:128. [PMID: 28738784 PMCID: PMC5525285 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proton stress and aluminum (Al) toxicity are major constraints limiting crop growth and yields on acid soils (pH < 5). In Arabidopsis, STOP1 is a master transcription factor that controls the expression of a set of well-characterized Al tolerance genes and unknown processes involved in low pH resistance. As a result, loss-of-function stop1 mutants are extremely sensitive to low pH and Al stresses. RESULTS Here, we report on screens of an ethyl-methane sulphonate (EMS)-mutagenized stop1 population and isolation of nine strong stop1 suppressor mutants, i.e., the tolerant to proton stress (tps) mutants, with significantly enhanced root growth at low pH (4.3). Genetic analyses indicated these dominant and partial gain-of-function mutants are caused by mutations in single nuclear genes outside the STOP1 locus. Physiological characterization of the responses of these tps mutants to excess levels of Al and other metal ions further classified them into five groups. Three tps mutants also displayed enhanced resistance to Al stress, indicating that these tps mutations partially rescue the hypersensitive phenotypes of stop1 to both low pH stress and Al stress. The other six tps mutants showed enhanced resistance only to low pH stress but not to Al stress. We carried out further physiologic and mapping-by-sequencing analyses for two tps mutants with enhanced resistance to both low pH and Al stresses and identified the genomic regions and candidate loci in chromosomes 1 and 2 that harbor these two TPS genes. CONCLUSION We have identified and characterized nine strong stop1 suppressor mutants. Candidate loci for two tps mutations that partially rescue the hypersensitive phenotypes of stop1 to low pH and Al stresses were identified by mapping-by-sequencing approaches. Further studies could provide insights into the structure and function of TPSs and the regulatory networks underlying the STOP1-mediated processes that lead to resistance to low pH and Al stresses in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jiang
- Robert W. Holley Center, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan China
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Tao Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Robert W. Holley Center, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Leon V. Kochian
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 4J8 Canada
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Jiping Liu
- Robert W. Holley Center, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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107
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Luo Q, Wei Q, Wang R, Zhang Y, Zhang F, He Y, Zhou S, Feng J, Yang G, He G. BdCIPK31, a Calcineurin B-Like Protein-Interacting Protein Kinase, Regulates Plant Response to Drought and Salt Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1184. [PMID: 28736568 PMCID: PMC5500663 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like protein interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are vital elements in plant abiotic stress signaling pathways. However, the functional mechanism of CIPKs has not been understood clearly, especially in Brachypodium distachyon, a new monocot model plant. In this study, BdCIPK31, a CIPK gene from B. distachyon was characterized. BdCIPK31 was downregulated by polyethylene glycol, NaCl, H2O2, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing BdCIPK31 presented improved drought and salt tolerance, and displayed hypersensitive response to exogenous ABA. Further investigations revealed that BdCIPK31 functioned positively in ABA-mediated stomatal closure, and transgenic tobacco exhibited reduced water loss under dehydration conditions compared with the controls. BdCIPK31 also affected Na+/K+ homeostasis and root K+ loss, which contributed to maintain intracellular ion homeostasis under salt conditions. Moreover, the reactive oxygen species scavenging system and osmolyte accumulation were enhanced by BdCIPK31 overexpression, which were conducive for alleviating oxidative and osmotic damages. Additionally, overexpression of BdCIPK31 could elevate several stress-associated gene expressions under stress conditions. In conclusion, BdCIPK31 functions positively to drought and salt stress through ABA signaling pathway. Overexpressing BdCIPK31 functions in stomatal closure, ion homeostasis, ROS scavenging, osmolyte biosynthesis, and transcriptional regulation of stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchen Luo
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Qiuhui Wei
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Ruibin Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Yuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- Hubei University of EducationWuhan, China
| | - Jialu Feng
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China
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108
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Sardar A, Nandi AK, Chattopadhyay D. CBL-interacting protein kinase 6 negatively regulates immune response to Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:3573-3584. [PMID: 28541442 PMCID: PMC5853215 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic calcium ion (Ca2+) is an essential mediator of the plant innate immune response. Here, we report that a calcium-regulated protein kinase Calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-interacting protein kinase 6 (CIPK6) functions as a negative regulator of immunity against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis lines with compromised expression of CIPK6 exhibited enhanced disease resistance to the bacterial pathogen and to P. syringae harboring certain but not all avirulent effectors, while restoration of CIPK6 expression resulted in abolition of resistance. Plants overexpressing CIPK6 were more susceptible to P. syringae. Enhanced resistance in the absence of CIPK6 was accompanied by increased accumulation of salicylic acid and elevated expression of defense marker genes. Salicylic acid accumulation was essential for improved immunity in the absence of CIPK6. CIPK6 negatively regulated the oxidative burst associated with perception of pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs) and bacterial effectors. Accelerated and enhanced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in response to bacterial and fungal elicitors was observed in the absence of CIPK6. The results of this study suggested that CIPK6 negatively regulates effector-triggered and PAMP-triggered immunity in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atish Sardar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashis Kumar Nandi
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Debasis Chattopadhyay
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
- Correspondence:
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109
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Luan M, Tang RJ, Tang Y, Tian W, Hou C, Zhao F, Lan W, Luan S. Transport and homeostasis of potassium and phosphate: limiting factors for sustainable crop production. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:3091-3105. [PMID: 27965362 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) and phosphate (Pi) are both macronutrients essential for plant growth and crop production, but the unrenewable resources of phosphorus rock and potash have become limiting factors for food security. One critical measure to help solve this problem is to improve nutrient use efficiency (NUE) in plants by understanding and engineering genetic networks for ion uptake, translocation, and storage. Plants have evolved multiple systems to adapt to various nutrient conditions for growth and production. Within the NUE networks, transport proteins and their regulators are the primary players for maintaining nutrient homeostasis and could be utilized to engineer high NUE traits in crop plants. A large number of publications have detailed K+ and Pi transport proteins in plants over the past three decades. Meanwhile, the discovery and validation of their regulatory mechanisms are fast-track topics for research. Here, we provide an overview of K+ and Pi transport proteins and their regulatory mechanisms, which participate in the uptake, translocation, storage, and recycling of these nutrients in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingda Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Ren-Jie Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yumei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Wang Tian
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Congong Hou
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Ma Y, Cheng Q, Cheng Z, Li H, Chang Y, Lin J. Identification of Important Physiological Traits and Moderators That Are Associated with Improved Salt Tolerance in CBL and CIPK Overexpressors through a Meta-Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:856. [PMID: 28611796 PMCID: PMC5446987 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The CBL-CIPK pathway is a plant-specific Ca2+ sensor relaying pathway that has been shown to be involved in plant response to salt stress. Over-expression of CBL-CIPK network genes has been reported to increase salt tolerance in many studies. The studies on the overexpression of CBL-CIPK network genes, however, have used various indices to evaluate the effect of these genes on salt tolerance and have indicated a variety of roles for the major CBL-CIPK pathway genes. Therefore, it is of great interest to analyze the various effects resulting from the overexpression CBL-CIPK pathway genes and their relation to salt tolerance. The meta-analysis conducted in the present study investigated how over-expression of CBLs or CIPKs in transgenic plants affects the response to salt stress and identified the increase or decrease that occurs in these experimental variables when foreign CIPK or CBL genes are overexpressed in transgenic plants. The data from the collective studies on over-expression of CIPKs indicated that 6 of the 11 examined parameters (main effects) increased by 22% or more, while two of the six examined parameters increased by at least 78% in transgenic plants overexpressing CBL genes. In addition to analyzing the impact of overexpression on the main effects, eight different modifying parameters were also analyzed. Results indicated that several moderators impact the extent to which overexpression of CBLs and CIPKs affect the main parameters. The majority of CBLs have been obtained from dicotyledonous plants and most of the CBLs and CIPKs have been expressed in dicotyledonous plants. In comparison to homologous expression, the meta-analysis indicated that heterogeneous expression of CBLs resulted in greater increases in seed germination. The results of the meta-analysis provide information that could be useful in designing research to examine the mechanisms by which CBL-CIPK pathway genes increase salt tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchun Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, KnoxvilleTN, United States
| | - Qunkang Cheng
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, KnoxvilleTN, United States
| | - Zongming Cheng
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, KnoxvilleTN, United States
| | - Hui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Youhong Chang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
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Ligaba-Osena A, Fei Z, Liu J, Xu Y, Shaff J, Lee SC, Luan S, Kudla J, Kochian L, Piñeros M. Loss-of-function mutation of the calcium sensor CBL1 increases aluminum sensitivity in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 214:830-841. [PMID: 28150888 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the physiological importance of aluminum (Al) phytotoxicity for plants, it remained unknown if, and how, calcineurin B-like calcium sensors (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are involved in Al resistance. We performed a comparative physiological and whole transcriptome investigation of an Arabidopsis CBL1 mutant (cbl1) and the wild-type (WT). cbl1 plants exudated less Al-chelating malate, accumulated more Al, and displayed a severe root growth reduction in response to Al. Genes involved in metabolism, transport, cell wall modification, transcription and oxidative stress were differentially regulated between the two lines, under both control and Al stress treatments. Exposure to Al resulted in up-regulation of a large set of genes only in WT and not cbl1 shoots, while a different set of genes were down-regulated in cbl1 but not in WT roots. These differences allowed us, for the first time, to define a calcium-regulated/dependent transcriptomic network for Al stress responses. Our analyses reveal not only the fundamental role of CBL1 in the adjustment of central transcriptomic networks involved in maintaining adequate physiological homeostasis processes, but also that a high shoot-root dynamics is required for the proper deployment of Al resistance responses in the root.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayalew Ligaba-Osena
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jiping Liu
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Yimin Xu
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jon Shaff
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Sung-Chul Lee
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Korea
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Schlossplatz 7, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Leon Kochian
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Miguel Piñeros
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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112
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Lim CW, Baek W, Lee SC. The Pepper RING-Type E3 Ligase CaAIRF1 Regulates ABA and Drought Signaling via CaADIP1 Protein Phosphatase Degradation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 173:2323-2339. [PMID: 28184010 PMCID: PMC5373060 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-mediated protein modification occurs at multiple steps of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Here, we sought proteins responsible for degradation of the pepper (Capsicum annuum) type 2C protein phosphatase CaADIP1 via the 26S proteasome system. We showed that the RING-type E3 ligase CaAIRF1 (Capsicum annuum ADIP1 Interacting RING Finger Protein 1) interacts with and ubiquitinates CaADIP1. CaADIP1 degradation was slower in crude proteins from CaAIRF1-silenced peppers than in those from control plants. CaAIRF1-silenced pepper plants displayed reduced ABA sensitivity and decreased drought tolerance characterized by delayed stomatal closure and suppressed induction of ABA- and drought-responsive marker genes. In contrast, CaAIRF1-overexpressing Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants exhibited ABA-hypersensitive and drought-tolerant phenotypes. Moreover, in these plants, CaADIP1-induced ABA hyposensitivity was strongly suppressed by CaAIRF1 overexpression. Our findings highlight a potential new route for fine-tune regulation of ABA signaling in pepper via CaAIRF1 and CaADIP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Woonhee Baek
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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113
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Garcia K, Chasman D, Roy S, Ané JM. Physiological Responses and Gene Co-Expression Network of Mycorrhizal Roots under K + Deprivation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 173:1811-1823. [PMID: 28159827 PMCID: PMC5338680 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations enhance the phosphorous and nitrogen nutrition of host plants, but little is known about their role in potassium (K+) nutrition. Medicago truncatula plants were cocultured with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis under high and low K+ regimes for 6 weeks. We determined how K+ deprivation affects plant development and mineral acquisition and how these negative effects are tempered by the AM colonization. The transcriptional response of AM roots under K+ deficiency was analyzed by whole-genome RNA sequencing. K+ deprivation decreased root biomass and external K+ uptake and modulated oxidative stress gene expression in M. truncatula roots. AM colonization induced specific transcriptional responses to K+ deprivation that seem to temper these negative effects. A gene network analysis revealed putative key regulators of these responses. This study confirmed that AM associations provide some tolerance to K+ deprivation to host plants, revealed that AM symbiosis modulates the expression of specific root genes to cope with this nutrient stress, and identified putative regulators participating in these tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Garcia
- Department of Bacteriology (K.G., J.-M.A.), Department of Computer Sciences (S.R.), and Department of Agronomy (J.-M.A.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715 (D.C., S.R.); and
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792 (S.R.)
| | - Deborah Chasman
- Department of Bacteriology (K.G., J.-M.A.), Department of Computer Sciences (S.R.), and Department of Agronomy (J.-M.A.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715 (D.C., S.R.); and
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792 (S.R.)
| | - Sushmita Roy
- Department of Bacteriology (K.G., J.-M.A.), Department of Computer Sciences (S.R.), and Department of Agronomy (J.-M.A.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715 (D.C., S.R.); and
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792 (S.R.)
| | - Jean-Michel Ané
- Department of Bacteriology (K.G., J.-M.A.), Department of Computer Sciences (S.R.), and Department of Agronomy (J.-M.A.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706;
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53715 (D.C., S.R.); and
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792 (S.R.)
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114
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Kumar D, Kumar R, Baek D, Hyun TK, Chung WS, Yun DJ, Kim JY. Arabidopsis thaliana RECEPTOR DEAD KINASE1 Functions as a Positive Regulator in Plant Responses to ABA. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:223-243. [PMID: 27923613 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a major phytohormone involved in important stress-related and developmental plant processes. Membrane-delimited ABA signal transduction plays an important role in early ABA signaling, but the molecular mechanisms connecting core signaling components to the plasma membrane remain unclear. Plants have evolved a large number of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) to modulate diverse biological processes by perceiving extracellular stimuli and activating downstream signaling responses. In this study, a putative leucine-rich repeat-RLK gene named RECEPTOR DEAD KINASE1 (AtRDK1) was identified and characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana. RDK1 promoter-GUS analysis revealed that RDK1 is expressed ubiquitously in the various tissues in Arabidopsis, and its expression is mainly induced by ABA. In the presence of ABA, RDK1-deficient rdk1-1 and rdk1-2 lines showed significant resistance in cotyledon greening and root growth, whereas RDK1-overexpressing lines showed enhanced sensitivity. Consistently, the expression of ABA-responsive genes was significantly downregulated in rdk1 mutant seedlings, which were also hypersensitive to drought stress with increased water loss. Interestingly, RDK1 was found to be an atypical kinase localized to the plasma membrane and did not require its kinase activity during ABA-mediated inhibition of seedling development. Accordingly, RDK1 interacted in the plasma membrane with type 2C protein phosphatase ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE1 (ABI1); this interaction was further enhanced by exogenous application of ABA, suggesting that RDK1-mediated recruitment of ABI1 onto the plasma membrane is important for ABA signaling. Taken together, these results reveal an important role for RDK1 in plant responses to abiotic stress conditions in an ABA-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhinesh Kumar
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Dongwon Baek
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Hyun
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, College of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Woo Sik Chung
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
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115
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Straub T, Ludewig U, Neuhäuser B. The Kinase CIPK23 Inhibits Ammonium Transport in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:409-422. [PMID: 28188265 PMCID: PMC5354196 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ion transport in plants is not only strictly regulated on a transcriptional level, but it is also regulated posttranslationally. Enzyme modifications such as phosphorylation provide rapid regulation of many plant ion transporters and channels. Upon exposure to high ammonium concentrations in the rhizosphere, the high-affinity ammonium transporters (AMTs) in Arabidopsis thaliana are efficiently inactivated by phosphorylation to avoid toxic accumulation of cytoplasmic ammonium. External ammonium stimulates the phosphorylation of a conserved threonine in the cytosolic AMT1 C terminus, which allosterically inactivates AMT1 trimers. Using a genetic screen, we found that CALCINEURIN B-LIKE INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE23 (CIPK23), a kinase that also regulates the most abundant NO3- transporter, NPF6;3, and activates the K+ channel AKT1, inhibits ammonium transport and modulates growth sensitivity to ammonium. Loss of CIPK23 increased root NH4+ uptake after ammonium shock and conferred hypersensitivity to ammonium and to the transport analog methylammonium. CIPK23 interacts with AMT1;1 and AMT1;2 in yeast, oocytes, and in planta. Inactivation of AMT1;2 by direct interaction with CIPK23 requires kinase activity and the calcineurin B-like binding protein CBL1. Since K+, NO3-, and NH4+ are major ions taken up by plants, CIPK23 appears to occupy a key position in controlling ion balance and ion homeostasis in the plant cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsiana Straub
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Uwe Ludewig
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Benjamin Neuhäuser
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
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116
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Xi Y, Liu J, Dong C, Cheng ZM(M. The CBL and CIPK Gene Family in Grapevine ( Vitis vinifera): Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Profiles in Response to Various Abiotic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:978. [PMID: 28649259 PMCID: PMC5465270 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium plays a central role in regulating signal transduction pathways. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), which harbor a crucial region consisting of EF hands that capture Ca2+, interact in a specific manner with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). This two gene families or their interacting-complex widely respond to various environment stimuli and development processes. The genome-wide annotation and specific expression patterns of CBLs and CIPKs, however, in grapevine remain unclear. In the present study, eight CBL and 20 CIPK genes were identified in grapevine genome, and divided into four and five subfamilies, respectively, based on phylogenetic analysis, and validated by gene structure and the distribution of conserved protein motifs. Four (50%) out of eight VvCBLs and eight (40%) out of 20 VvCIPKs were found to be derived from tandem duplication, and five (25%) out of 20 VvCIPKs were derived from segmental duplication, indicating that the expansion of grapevine CBL and CIPK gene families were mainly contributed by gene duplication, and all duplication events between VvCIPK genes only detected in intron poor clade. Estimating of synonymous and non-synonymous substitution rates of both gene families suggested that VvCBL genes seems more conserved than VvCIPK genes, and were derived by positive selection pressure, whereas VvCIPK genes were mainly derived by purifying selection pressure. Expressional analyses of VvCBL and VvCIPK genes based on microarray and qRT-PCR data performed diverse expression patterns of VvCBLs and VvCIPKs in response to both various abiotic stimuli and at different development stages. Furthermore, the co-expression analysis of grapevine CBLs and CIPKs suggested that CBL-CIPK complex seems to be more responsive to abiotic stimuli than during different development stages. VvCBLs may play an important and special role in regulating low temperature stress. The protein interaction analysis suggested divergent mechanisms might exist between Arabidopsis and grapevine. Our results will facilitate the future functional characterization of individual VvCBLs and VvCIPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xi
- Fruit Crop Systems Biology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Fruit Crop Systems Biology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Fruit Crop Systems Biology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zong-Ming (Max) Cheng
- Fruit Crop Systems Biology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of TennesseeKnoxville, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Zong-Ming (Max) Cheng ;
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117
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Lyzenga WJ, Sullivan V, Liu H, Stone SL. The Kinase Activity of Calcineurin B-like Interacting Protein Kinase 26 (CIPK26) Influences Its Own Stability and that of the ABA-regulated Ubiquitin Ligase, Keep on Going (KEG). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:502. [PMID: 28443108 PMCID: PMC5385374 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Really Interesting New Gene (RING)-type E3 ligase, Keep on Going (KEG) plays a critical role in Arabidopsis growth after germination and the connections between KEG and hormone signaling pathways are expanding. With regards to abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, KEG targets ABA-responsive transcription factors abscisic acid insensitive 5, ABF1 and ABF3 for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation through the 26S proteasome. Regulation of E3 ligases through self-ubiquitination is common to RING-type E3 ligases and ABA promotes KEG self-ubiquitination and degradation. ABA-mediated degradation of KEG is phosphorylation-dependent; however, upstream signaling proteins that may regulate KEG stability have not been characterized. In this report, we show that CBL-Interacting Protein Kinase (CIPK) 26 can phosphorylate KEG in vitro. Using both in vitro and in planta degradation assays we provide evidence which suggests that the kinase activity of CIPK26 promotes the degradation of KEG. Furthermore, we found that the kinase activity of CIPK26 also influences its own stability; a constitutively active version is more stable than a wild type or a kinase dead version. Our results suggest a reciprocal regulation model wherein an activated and stable CIPK26 phosphorylates KEG to promote degradation of the E3.
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118
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Yin X, Wang Q, Chen Q, Xiang N, Yang Y, Yang Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis of the Calcineurin B-like Protein and Calcineurin B-like Protein-Interacting Protein Kinase Gene Families in Turnip ( Brassica rapa var. rapa). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1191. [PMID: 28736570 PMCID: PMC5500646 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) complex has been identified as a primary component in calcium sensors that perceives various stress signals. Turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa) has been widely cultivated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for a century as a food crop of worldwide economic significance. These CBL-CIPK complexes have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in plant response to various environmental stresses. However, no report is available on the genome-wide characterization of these two gene families in turnip. In the present study, 19 and 51 members of the BrrCBL and BrrCIPK genes, respectively, are first identified in turnip and phylogenetically grouped into three and two distinct clusters, respectively. The expansion of these two gene families is mainly attributable to segmental duplication. Moreover, the differences in expression patterns in quantitative real-time PCR, as well as interaction profiles in the yeast two-hybrid assay, suggest the functional divergence of paralog genes during long-term evolution in turnip. Overexpressing and complement lines in Arabidopsis reveal that BrrCBL9.2 improves, but BrrCBL9.1 does not affect, salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. Thus, the expansion of the BrrCBL and BrrCIPK gene families enables the functional differentiation and evolution of some new gene functions of paralog genes. These paralog genes then play prominent roles in turnip's adaptation to the adverse environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Overall, the study results contribute to our understanding of the functions of the CBL-CIPK complex and provide basis for selecting appropriate genes for the in-depth functional studies of BrrCBL-BrrCIPK in turnip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Qiuli Wang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan UniversityKunming, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
| | - Yunqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yunqiang Yang
| | - Yongping Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Yongping Yang
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119
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Gutiérrez-Beltrán E, Personat JM, de la Torre F, Del Pozo O. A Universal Stress Protein Involved in Oxidative Stress Is a Phosphorylation Target for Protein Kinase CIPK6. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 173:836-852. [PMID: 27899535 PMCID: PMC5210712 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) decode calcium signals upon interaction with the calcium sensors calcineurin B like proteins into phosphorylation events that result into adaptation to environmental stresses. Few phosphorylation targets of CIPKs are known and therefore the molecular mechanisms underlying their downstream output responses are not fully understood. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Cipk6 regulates immune and susceptible Programmed cell death in immunity transforming Ca2+ signals into reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling. To investigate SlCipk6-induced molecular mechanisms and identify putative substrates, a yeast two-hybrid approach was carried on and a protein was identified that contained a Universal stress protein (Usp) domain present in bacteria, protozoa and plants, which we named "SlRd2". SlRd2 was an ATP-binding protein that formed homodimers in planta. SlCipk6 and SlRd2 interacted using coimmunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and the complex localized in the cytosol. SlCipk6 phosphorylated SlRd2 in vitro, thus defining, to our knowledge, a novel target for CIPKs. Heterologous SlRd2 overexpression in yeast conferred resistance to highly toxic LiCl, whereas SlRd2 expression in Escherichia coli UspA mutant restored bacterial viability in response to H2O2 treatment. Finally, transient expression of SlCipk6 in transgenic N benthamiana SlRd2 overexpressors resulted in reduced ROS accumulation as compared to wild-type plants. Taken together, our results establish that SlRd2, a tomato UspA, is, to our knowledge, a novel interactor and phosphorylation target of a member of the CIPK family, SlCipk6, and functionally regulates SlCipk6-mediated ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Gutiérrez-Beltrán
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José María Personat
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fernando de la Torre
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Olga Del Pozo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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120
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Zadworny M, McCormack ML, Mucha J, Reich PB, Oleksyn J. Scots pine fine roots adjust along a 2000-km latitudinal climatic gradient. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 212:389-99. [PMID: 27301778 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Patterns of plant biomass allocation and functional adjustments along climatic gradients are poorly understood, particularly belowground. Generally, low temperatures suppress nutrient release and uptake, and forests under such conditions have a greater proportion of their biomass in roots. However, it is not clear whether 'more roots' means better capacity to acquire soil resources. Herein we quantified patterns of fine-root anatomy and their biomass distribution across Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) populations both along a 2000-km latitudinal gradient and within a common garden experiment with a similar range of populations. We found that with decreasing mean temperature, a greater percentage of Scots pine root biomass was allocated to roots with higher potential absorptive capacity. Similar results were seen in the common experimental site, where cold-adapted populations produced roots with greater absorptive capacity than populations originating from warmer climates. These results demonstrate that plants growing in or originated from colder climates have more acquisitive roots, a trait that is likely adaptive in the face of the low resource availability typical of cold soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Zadworny
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland.
| | - M Luke McCormack
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Joanna Mucha
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Jacek Oleksyn
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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121
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Sanyal SK, Rao S, Mishra LK, Sharma M, Pandey GK. Plant Stress Responses Mediated by CBL-CIPK Phosphorylation Network. Enzymes 2016; 40:31-64. [PMID: 27776782 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
At any given time and location, plants encounter a flood of environmental stimuli. Diverse signal transduction pathways sense these stimuli and generate a diverse array of responses. Calcium (Ca2+) is generated as a second messenger due to these stimuli and is responsible for transducing the signals downstream in the pathway. A large number of Ca2+ sensor-responder components are responsible for Ca2+ signaling in plants. The sensor-responder complexes calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are pivotal players in Ca2+-mediated signaling. The CIPKs are the protein kinases and hence mediate signal transduction mainly by the process of protein phosphorylation. Elaborate studies conducted in Arabidopsis have shown the involvement of CBL-CIPK complexes in abiotic and biotic stresses, and nutrient deficiency. Additionally, studies in crop plants have also indicated their role in the similar responses. In this chapter, we review the current literature on the CBL and CIPK network, shedding light into the enzymatic property and mechanism of action of CBL-CIPK complexes. We also summarize various reports on the functional modulation of the downstream targets by the CBL-CIPK modules across all plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sanyal
- University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - S Rao
- University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - L K Mishra
- University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - M Sharma
- University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - G K Pandey
- University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India.
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122
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Li C, Liang B, Chang C, Wei Z, Zhou S, Ma F. Exogenous melatonin improved potassium content in Malus under different stress conditions. J Pineal Res 2016; 61:218-29. [PMID: 27145234 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin mediates many physiological processes in plants. We investigated its role in regulating growth, potassium uptake, and root system architecture under three types of stress: salinity or a deficiency of all nutrients in Malus hupehensis Rehd., as well as a K deficiency in Malus rockii Rehd. Each treatment caused a reduction in growth rates and disrupted the absorption of potassium. However, pretreatment with 0.1 mmol/L melatonin significantly alleviated such inhibitions. The addition of melatonin also upregulated genes for antioxidant enzymes involved in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle (MdcAPX, MdDHAR1, MdDHAR2, MdMDHAR, and MdcGR) and helped decrease the accumulation of H2 O2 while improving the expression of K transporters and genes for the CBL1-CIPK23 pathway. These results indicated that melatonin can regulate the ROS signal and activate the CBL1-CIPK23 pathway to regulate the expression of a potassium channel protein gene, thereby promoting the absorption of potassium ions. Our findings demonstrate that inducing melatonin production is an important mechanism for plant defenses that can serve as a platform for possible applications in agricultural or related fields of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bowen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shasha Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Amarasinghe S, Watson-Haigh NS, Gilliham M, Roy S, Baumann U. The evolutionary origin of CIPK16: A gene involved in enhanced salt tolerance. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 100:135-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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124
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Lim CW, Lee SC. Pepper protein phosphatase type 2C, CaADIP1 and its interacting partner CaRLP1 antagonistically regulate ABA signalling and drought response. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1559-75. [PMID: 26825039 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key phytohormone that regulates plant growth and developmental processes, including seed germination and stomatal closing. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of a novel type 2C protein phosphatase, CaADIP1 (Capsicum annuum ABA and Drought-Induced Protein phosphatase 1). The expression of CaADIP1 was induced in pepper leaves by ABA, drought and NaCl treatments. Arabidopsis plants overexpressing CaADIP1 (CaADIP1-OX) exhibited an ABA-hyposensitive and drought-susceptible phenotype. We used a yeast two-hybrid screening assay to identify CaRLP1 (Capsicum annuum RCAR-Like Protein 1), which interacts with CaADIP1 in the cytoplasm and nucleus. In contrast to CaADIP1-OX plants, CaRLP1-OX plants displayed an ABA-hypersensitive and drought-tolerant phenotype, which was characterized by low levels of transpirational water loss and increased expression of stress-responsive genes relative to those of wild-type plants. In CaADIP1-OX/CaRLP1-OX double transgenic plants, ectopic expression of the CaRLP1 gene led to strong suppression of CaADIP1-induced ABA hyposensitivity during the germinative and post-germinative stages, indicating that CaADIP1 and CaRLP1 act in the same signalling pathway and CaADIP1 functions downstream of CaRLP1. Our results indicate that CaADIP1 and its interacting partner CaRLP1 antagonistically regulate the ABA-dependent defense signalling response to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Korea
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125
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Park HJ, Kim WY, Yun DJ. A New Insight of Salt Stress Signaling in Plant. Mol Cells 2016; 39:447-59. [PMID: 27239814 PMCID: PMC4916396 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have been conducted to understand plant stress responses to salinity because irrigation-dependent salt accumulation compromises crop productivity and also to understand the mechanism through which some plants thrive under saline conditions. As mechanistic understanding has increased during the last decades, discovery-oriented approaches have begun to identify genetic determinants of salt tolerance. In addition to osmolytes, osmoprotectants, radical detoxification, ion transport systems, and changes in hormone levels and hormone-guided communications, the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway has emerged to be a major defense mechanism. However, the mechanism by which the components of the SOS pathway are integrated to ultimately orchestrate plant-wide tolerance to salinity stress remains unclear. A higher-level control mechanism has recently emerged as a result of recognizing the involvement of GIGANTEA (GI), a protein involved in maintaining the plant circadian clock and control switch in flowering. The loss of GI function confers high tolerance to salt stress via its interaction with the components of the SOS pathway. The mechanism underlying this observation indicates the association between GI and the SOS pathway and thus, given the key influence of the circadian clock and the pathway on photoperiodic flowering, the association between GI and SOS can regulate growth and stress tolerance. In this review, we will analyze the components of the SOS pathways, with emphasis on the integration of components recognized as hallmarks of a halophytic lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Woe-Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Jinju 52828,
Korea
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Jinju 52828,
Korea
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126
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Brauer EK, Ahsan N, Dale R, Kato N, Coluccio AE, Piñeros MA, Kochian LV, Thelen JJ, Popescu SC. The Raf-like Kinase ILK1 and the High Affinity K+ Transporter HAK5 Are Required for Innate Immunity and Abiotic Stress Response. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:1470-84. [PMID: 27208244 PMCID: PMC4902592 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and other environmental stresses trigger transient ion fluxes at the plasma membrane. Apart from the role of Ca(2+) uptake in signaling, the regulation and significance of PAMP-induced ion fluxes in immunity remain unknown. We characterized the functions of INTEGRIN-LINKED KINASE1 (ILK1) that encodes a Raf-like MAP2K kinase with functions insufficiently understood in plants. Analysis of ILK1 mutants impaired in the expression or kinase activity revealed that ILK1 contributes to plant defense to bacterial pathogens, osmotic stress sensitivity, and cellular responses and total ion accumulation in the plant upon treatment with a bacterial-derived PAMP, flg22. The calmodulin-like protein CML9, a negative modulator of flg22-triggered immunity, interacted with, and suppressed ILK1 kinase activity. ILK1 interacted with and promoted the accumulation of HAK5, a putative (H(+))/K(+) symporter that mediates a high-affinity uptake during K(+) deficiency. ILK1 or HAK5 expression was required for several flg22 responses including gene induction, growth arrest, and plasma membrane depolarization. Furthermore, flg22 treatment induced a rapid K(+) efflux at both the plant and cellular levels in wild type, while mutants with impaired ILK1 or HAK5 expression exhibited a comparatively increased K(+) loss. Taken together, our results position ILK1 as a link between plant defense pathways and K(+) homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Brauer
- The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (N.A., J.T.T.); Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (R.D., N.K.); and Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.E.C., M.A.P., L.V.K.)
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (N.A., J.T.T.); Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (R.D., N.K.); and Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.E.C., M.A.P., L.V.K.)
| | - Renee Dale
- The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (N.A., J.T.T.); Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (R.D., N.K.); and Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.E.C., M.A.P., L.V.K.)
| | - Naohiro Kato
- The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (N.A., J.T.T.); Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (R.D., N.K.); and Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.E.C., M.A.P., L.V.K.)
| | - Alison E Coluccio
- The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (N.A., J.T.T.); Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (R.D., N.K.); and Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.E.C., M.A.P., L.V.K.)
| | - Miguel A Piñeros
- The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (N.A., J.T.T.); Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (R.D., N.K.); and Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.E.C., M.A.P., L.V.K.)
| | - Leon V Kochian
- The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (N.A., J.T.T.); Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (R.D., N.K.); and Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.E.C., M.A.P., L.V.K.)
| | - Jay J Thelen
- The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (N.A., J.T.T.); Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (R.D., N.K.); and Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.E.C., M.A.P., L.V.K.)
| | - Sorina C Popescu
- The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (E.K.B., S.C.P.); Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (N.A., J.T.T.); Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (R.D., N.K.); and Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.E.C., M.A.P., L.V.K.)
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127
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Tian Q, Zhang X, Yang A, Wang T, Zhang WH. CIPK23 is involved in iron acquisition of Arabidopsis by affecting ferric chelate reductase activity. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 246:70-79. [PMID: 26993237 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is one of the major limiting factors affecting quality and production of crops in calcareous soils. Numerous signaling molecules and transcription factors have been demonstrated to play a regulatory role in adaptation of plants to iron deficiency. However, the mechanisms underlying the iron deficiency-induced physiological processes remain to be fully dissected. Here, we demonstrated that the protein kinase CIPK23 was involved in iron acquisition. Lesion of CIPK23 rendered Arabidopsis mutants hypersensitive to iron deficiency, as evidenced by stronger chlorosis in young leaves and lower iron concentration than wild-type plants under iron-deficient conditions by down-regulating ferric chelate reductase activity. We found that iron deficiency evoked an increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration and the elevated Ca(2+) would bind to CBL1/CBL9, leading to activation of CIPK23. These novel findings highlight the involvement of calcium-dependent CBL-CIPK23 complexes in the regulation of iron acquisition. Moreover, mutation of CIPK23 led to changes in contents of mineral elements, suggesting that CBL-CIPK23 complexes could be as "nutritional sensors" to sense and regulate the mineral homeostasis in Arabisopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - An Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Tianzuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China.
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128
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Wang XP, Chen LM, Liu WX, Shen LK, Wang FL, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Wu WH, Wang Y. AtKC1 and CIPK23 Synergistically Modulate AKT1-Mediated Low-Potassium Stress Responses in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 170:2264-77. [PMID: 26829980 PMCID: PMC4825127 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the Shaker K(+) channel AKT1 conducts K(+) uptake in root cells, and its activity is regulated by CBL1/9-CIPK23 complexes as well as by the AtKC1 channel subunit. CIPK23 and AtKC1 are both involved in the AKT1-mediated low-K(+) (LK) response; however, the relationship between them remains unclear. In this study, we screened suppressors of low-K(+) sensitive [lks1 (cipk23)] and isolated the suppressor of lks1 (sls1) mutant, which suppressed the leaf chlorosis phenotype of lks1 under LK conditions. Map-based cloning revealed a point mutation in AtKC1 of sls1 that led to an amino acid substitution (G322D) in the S6 region of AtKC1. The G322D substitution generated a gain-of-function mutation, AtKC1(D), that enhanced K(+) uptake capacity and LK tolerance in Arabidopsis. Structural prediction suggested that glycine-322 is highly conserved in K(+) channels and may function as the gating hinge of plant Shaker K(+) channels. Electrophysiological analyses revealed that, compared with wild-type AtKC1, AtKC1(D) showed enhanced inhibition of AKT1 activity and strongly reduced K(+) leakage through AKT1 under LK conditions. In addition, phenotype analysis revealed distinct phenotypes of lks1 and atkc1 mutants in different LK assays, but the lks1 atkc1 double mutant always showed a LK-sensitive phenotype similar to that of akt1 This study revealed a link between CIPK-mediated activation and AtKC1-mediated modification in AKT1 regulation. CIPK23 and AtKC1 exhibit distinct effects; however, they act synergistically and balance K(+) uptake/leakage to modulate AKT1-mediated LK responses in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Plant Gene Research Centre (X.-P.W., L.-M.C., W.-X.L., L.-K.S., F.-L.W., W.-H.W., Y.W.), and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Y.Z., Z.Z.), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li-Mei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Plant Gene Research Centre (X.-P.W., L.-M.C., W.-X.L., L.-K.S., F.-L.W., W.-H.W., Y.W.), and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Y.Z., Z.Z.), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wen-Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Plant Gene Research Centre (X.-P.W., L.-M.C., W.-X.L., L.-K.S., F.-L.W., W.-H.W., Y.W.), and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Y.Z., Z.Z.), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li-Ke Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Plant Gene Research Centre (X.-P.W., L.-M.C., W.-X.L., L.-K.S., F.-L.W., W.-H.W., Y.W.), and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Y.Z., Z.Z.), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng-Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Plant Gene Research Centre (X.-P.W., L.-M.C., W.-X.L., L.-K.S., F.-L.W., W.-H.W., Y.W.), and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Y.Z., Z.Z.), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Plant Gene Research Centre (X.-P.W., L.-M.C., W.-X.L., L.-K.S., F.-L.W., W.-H.W., Y.W.), and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Y.Z., Z.Z.), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziding Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Plant Gene Research Centre (X.-P.W., L.-M.C., W.-X.L., L.-K.S., F.-L.W., W.-H.W., Y.W.), and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Y.Z., Z.Z.), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei-Hua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Plant Gene Research Centre (X.-P.W., L.-M.C., W.-X.L., L.-K.S., F.-L.W., W.-H.W., Y.W.), and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Y.Z., Z.Z.), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Plant Gene Research Centre (X.-P.W., L.-M.C., W.-X.L., L.-K.S., F.-L.W., W.-H.W., Y.W.), and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Y.Z., Z.Z.), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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129
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Kleist TJ, Luan S. Constant change: dynamic regulation of membrane transport by calcium signalling networks keeps plants in tune with their environment. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:467-481. [PMID: 26139029 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite substantial variation and irregularities in their environment, plants must conform to spatiotemporal demands on the molecular composition of their cytosol. Cell membranes are the major interface between organisms and their environment and the basis for controlling the contents and intracellular organization of the cell. Membrane transport proteins (MTPs) govern the flow of molecules across membranes, and their activities are closely monitored and regulated by cell signalling networks. By continuously adjusting MTP activities, plants can mitigate the effects of environmental perturbations, but effective implementation of this strategy is reliant on precise coordination among transport systems that reside in distinct cell types and membranes. Here, we examine the role of calcium signalling in the coordination of membrane transport, with an emphasis on potassium transport. Potassium is an exceptionally abundant and mobile ion in plants, and plant potassium transport has been intensively studied for decades. Classic and recent studies have underscored the importance of calcium in plant environmental responses and membrane transport regulation. In reviewing recent advances in our understanding of the coding and decoding of calcium signals, we highlight established and emerging roles of calcium signalling in coordinating membrane transport among multiple subcellular locations and distinct transport systems in plants, drawing examples from the CBL-CIPK signalling network. By synthesizing classical studies and recent findings, we aim to provide timely insights on the role of calcium signalling networks in the modulation of membrane transport and its importance in plant environmental responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Kleist
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sheng Luan
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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130
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Lefoulon C, Boeglin M, Moreau B, Véry AA, Szponarski W, Dauzat M, Michard E, Gaillard I, Chérel I. The Arabidopsis AtPP2CA Protein Phosphatase Inhibits the GORK K+ Efflux Channel and Exerts a Dominant Suppressive Effect on Phosphomimetic-activating Mutations. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:6521-33. [PMID: 26801610 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.711309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of the GORK (Guard Cell Outward Rectifying) Shaker channel mediating a massive K(+) efflux in Arabidopsis guard cells by the phosphatase AtPP2CA was investigated. Unlike the gork mutant, the atpp2ca mutants displayed a phenotype of reduced transpiration. We found that AtPP2CA interacts physically with GORK and inhibits GORK activity in Xenopus oocytes. Several amino acid substitutions in the AtPP2CA active site, including the dominant interfering G145D mutation, disrupted the GORK-AtPP2CA interaction, meaning that the native conformation of the AtPP2CA active site is required for the GORK-AtPP2CA interaction. Furthermore, two serines in the GORK ankyrin domain that mimic phosphorylation (Ser to Glu) or dephosphorylation (Ser to Ala) were mutated. Mutations mimicking phosphorylation led to a significant increase in GORK activity, whereas mutations mimicking dephosphorylation had no effect on GORK. In Xenopus oocytes, the interaction of AtPP2CA with "phosphorylated" or "dephosphorylated" GORK systematically led to inhibition of the channel to the same baseline level. Single-channel recordings indicated that the GORK S722E mutation increases the open probability of the channel in the absence, but not in the presence, of AtPP2CA. The dephosphorylation-independent inactivation mechanism of GORK by AtPP2CA is discussed in relation with well known conformational changes in animal Shaker-like channels that lead to channel opening and closing. In plants, PP2C activity would control the stomatal aperture by regulating both GORK and SLAC1, the two main channels required for stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Lefoulon
- From the Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5004, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France and
| | - Martin Boeglin
- From the Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5004, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France and
| | - Bertrand Moreau
- From the Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5004, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France and
| | - Anne-Aliénor Véry
- From the Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5004, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France and
| | - Wojciech Szponarski
- From the Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5004, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France and
| | - Myriam Dauzat
- the Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, INRA/SupAgro, UMR 759, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Erwan Michard
- From the Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5004, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France and
| | - Isabelle Gaillard
- From the Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5004, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France and
| | - Isabelle Chérel
- From the Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5004, 2 Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France and
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Calcium-dependent oligomerization of CAR proteins at cell membrane modulates ABA signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 113:E396-405. [PMID: 26719420 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1512779113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of ion transport in plants is essential for cell function. Abiotic stress unbalances cell ion homeostasis, and plants tend to readjust it, regulating membrane transporters and channels. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and the second messenger Ca(2+) are central in such processes, as they are involved in the regulation of protein kinases and phosphatases that control ion transport activity in response to environmental stimuli. The identification and characterization of the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of ABA and Ca(2+) signaling pathways on membrane function are central and could provide opportunities for crop improvement. The C2-domain ABA-related (CAR) family of small proteins is involved in the Ca(2+)-dependent recruitment of the pyrabactin resistance 1/PYR1-like (PYR/PYL) ABA receptors to the membrane. However, to fully understand CAR function, it is necessary to define a molecular mechanism that integrates Ca(2+) sensing, membrane interaction, and the recognition of the PYR/PYL interacting partners. We present structural and biochemical data showing that CARs are peripheral membrane proteins that functionally cluster on the membrane and generate strong positive membrane curvature in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. These features represent a mechanism for the generation, stabilization, and/or specific recognition of membrane discontinuities. Such structures may act as signaling platforms involved in the recruitment of PYR/PYL receptors and other signaling components involved in cell responses to stress.
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Ragel P, Ródenas R, García-Martín E, Andrés Z, Villalta I, Nieves-Cordones M, Rivero RM, Martínez V, Pardo JM, Quintero FJ, Rubio F. The CBL-Interacting Protein Kinase CIPK23 Regulates HAK5-Mediated High-Affinity K+ Uptake in Arabidopsis Roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 169:2863-73. [PMID: 26474642 PMCID: PMC4677917 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and development requires efficient acquisition of essential elements. Potassium (K(+)) is an important macronutrient present in the soil solution at a wide range of concentrations. Regulation of the K(+) uptake systems in the roots is essential to secure K(+) supply. It has been shown in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that when the external K(+) concentration is very low (<10 µm), K(+) nutrition depends exclusively on the high-affinity K(+) transporter5 (HAK5). Low-K(+)-induced transcriptional activation of the gene encoding HAK5 has been previously reported. Here, we show the posttranscriptional regulation of HAK5 transport activity by phosphorylation. Expression in a heterologous system showed that the Ca(2+) sensors calcineurin B-like (CBL1), CBL8, CBL9, and CBL10, together with CBL-interacting protein kinase23 (CIPK23), activated HAK5 in vivo. This activation produced an increase in the affinity and the Vmax of K(+) transport. In vitro experiments show that the N terminus of HAK5 is phosphorylated by CIPK23. This supports the idea that phosphorylation of HAK5 induces a conformational change that increases its affinity for K(+). Experiments of K(+) (Rb(+)) uptake and growth measurements in low-K(+) medium with Arabidopsis single mutants hak5, akt1, and cipk23, double mutants hak5 akt1, hak5 cipk23, and akt1 cipk23, and the triple mutant hak5 akt1 cipk23 confirmed the regulatory role of CIPK23 in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ragel
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Reyes Ródenas
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Elena García-Martín
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Zaida Andrés
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Irene Villalta
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Manuel Nieves-Cordones
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Rosa M Rivero
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Vicente Martínez
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Jose M Pardo
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Francisco J Quintero
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
| | - Francisco Rubio
- Departamento de Biotecnología Vegetal, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla E-41012, Spain (P.R., E.G.-M., Z.A., I.V., J.M.P., F.J.Q.);Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain (R.R., R.M.R., V.M., F.R.); andBiochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (M.N.-C.)
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Takehisa H, Sato Y, Antonio B, Nagamura Y. Coexpression Network Analysis of Macronutrient Deficiency Response Genes in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 8:24. [PMID: 26206757 PMCID: PMC4513034 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-015-0059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macronutrients are pivotal elements for proper plant growth and development. Although extensive gene expression profiling revealed a large number of genes differentially expressed under various nutrient deprivation, characterization of these genes has never been fully explored especially in rice. Coexpression network analysis is a useful tool to elucidate the functional relationships of genes based on common expression. Therefore, we performed microarray analysis of rice shoot under nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) deficiency conditions. Moreover, we conducted a large scale coexpression analysis by integrating the data with previously generated gene expression profiles of organs and tissues at different developmental stages to obtain a global view of gene networks associated with plant response to nutrient deficiency. RESULTS We statistically identified 5400 differentially expressed genes under the nutrient deficiency treatments. Subsequent coexpression analysis resulted in the extraction of 6 modules (groups of highly interconnected genes) with distinct gene expression signatures. Three of these modules comprise mostly of downregulated genes under N deficiency associated with distinct functions such as development of immature organs, protein biosynthesis and photosynthesis in chloroplast of green tissues, and fundamental cellular processes in all organs and tissues. Furthermore, we identified one module containing upregulated genes under N and K deficiency conditions, and a number of genes encoding protein kinase, kinase-like domain containing protein and nutrient transporters. This module might be particularly involved in adaptation to nutrient deficiency via phosphorylation-mediated signal transduction and/or post-transcriptional regulation. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that large scale coexpression analysis is an efficient approach in characterizing the nutrient response genes based on biological functions and could provide new insights in understanding plant response to nutrient deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinako Takehisa
- Genome Resource Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602 Japan
| | - Yutaka Sato
- Genome Resource Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602 Japan
| | - Baltazar Antonio
- Genome Resource Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nagamura
- Genome Resource Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602 Japan
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Zhao J, Li P, Motes CM, Park S, Hirschi KD. CHX14 is a plasma membrane K-efflux transporter that regulates K(+) redistribution in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:2223-38. [PMID: 25754420 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K(+) ) is essential for plant growth and development, yet the molecular identity of many K(+) transporters remains elusive. Here we characterized cation/H(+) exchanger (CHX) 14 as a plasma membrane K(+) transporter. CHX14 expression was induced by elevated K(+) and histochemical analysis of CHX14 promoter::GUS transgenic plants indicated that CHX14 was expressed in xylem parenchyma of root and shoot vascular tissues of seedlings. CHX14 knockout (chx14) and CHX14 overexpression seedlings displayed different growth phenotypes during K(+) stress as compared with wild-type seedlings. Roots of mutant seedlings displayed higher K(+) uptake rates than wild-type roots. CHX14 expression in yeast cells deficient in K(+) uptake renders the mutant cells more sensitive to deficiencies of K(+) in the medium. CHX14 mediates K(+) efflux in yeast cells loaded with high K(+) . Uptake experiments using (86) Rb(+) as a tracer for K(+) with both yeast and plant mutants demonstrated that CHX14 expression in yeast and in planta mediated low-affinity K(+) efflux. Functional green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged versions of CHX14 were localized to both the yeast and plant plasma membranes. Taken together, we suggest that CHX14 is a plasma membrane K(+) efflux transporter involved in K(+) homeostasis and K(+) recirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Penghui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Christy M Motes
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Inc, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Sunghun Park
- Department of Horticulture, Forestry and Recreation Resources, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Kendal D Hirschi
- Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
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135
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Sanyal SK, Pandey A, Pandey GK. The CBL-CIPK signaling module in plants: a mechanistic perspective. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2015; 155:89-108. [PMID: 25953089 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In a given environment, plants are constantly exposed to multitudes of stimuli. These stimuli are sensed and transduced to generate a diverse array of responses by several signal transduction pathways. Calcium (Ca2+ ) signaling is one such important pathway involved in transducing a large number of stimuli or signals in both animals and plants. Ca2+ engages a plethora of decoders to mediate signaling in plants. Among these groups of decoders, the sensor responder complex of calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play a very significant role in transducing these signals. The signal transduction mechanism in most cases is phosphorylation events, but some structural role for the pair has also come to light recently. In this review, we discuss the structural nature of the sensor-responder duo; their mechanism of substrate phosphorylation and also their structural role in modulating targets. Moreover, the mechanism of complex formation and mechanistic role of protein phosphatases with CBL-CIPK module has been mentioned. A comparison of CBL-CIPK with other decoders of Ca2+ signaling in plants also signifies the relatedness and diversity in signaling pathways. Further an attempt has been made to compare this aspect of Ca2+ signaling pathways in different plant species to develop a holistic understanding of conservation of stimulus-response-coupling mediated by this Ca2+ -CBL-CIPK module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibaji K Sanyal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
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Manik SMN, Shi S, Mao J, Dong L, Su Y, Wang Q, Liu H. The Calcium Sensor CBL-CIPK Is Involved in Plant's Response to Abiotic Stresses. Int J Genomics 2015; 2015:493191. [PMID: 26495279 PMCID: PMC4606401 DOI: 10.1155/2015/493191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress halts the physiological and developmental process of plant. During stress condition, CBL-CIPK complex is identified as a primary element of calcium sensor to perceive environmental signals. Recent studies established that this complex regulates downstream targets like ion channels and transporters in adverse stages conditions. Crosstalks between the CBL-CIPK complex and different abiotic stresses can extend our research area, which can improve and increase the production of genetically modified crops in response to abiotic stresses. How this complex links with environmental signals and creates adjustable circumstances under unfavorable conditions is now one of the burning issues. Diverse studies are already underway to delineate this signalling mechanism underlying different interactions. Therefore, up to date experimental results should be concisely published, thus paving the way for further research. The present review will concisely recapitulate the recent and ongoing research progress of positive ions (Mg(2+), Na(+), and K(+)), negative ions (NO3 (-), PO4 (-)), and hormonal signalling, which are evolving from accumulating results of analyses of CBL and CIPK loss- or gain-of-function experiments in different species along with some progress and perspectives of our works. In a word, this review will give one step forward direction for more functional studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Nuruzzaman Manik
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266101, China
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sujuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266101, China
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jingjing Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266101, China
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lianhong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266101, China
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yulong Su
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266101, China
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266101, China
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Singh A, Pandey A, Srivastava AK, Tran LSP, Pandey GK. Plant protein phosphatases 2C: from genomic diversity to functional multiplicity and importance in stress management. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:1023-1035. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1083941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amarjeet Singh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India,
| | - Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India,
| | - Ashish K. Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, and
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Girdhar K. Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India,
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Matoušek J, Piernikarczyk RJJ, Týcová A, Duraisamy GS, Kocábek T, Steger G. Expression of SANT/HTH Myb mRNA, a plant morphogenesis-regulating transcription factor, changes due to viroid infection. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 183:85-94. [PMID: 26118459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) belongs to plant-pathogenic, circular, non-coding RNAs. Its propagation is accompanied by (mis)regulation of host genes and induction of pathogenesis symptoms including changes of leaf morphogenesis depending on the strength of viroid variant. We found strong genotype-dependent suppression of tomato morphogenesis-regulating transcription factor SANT/HTH-Myb (SlMyb) due to viroid pathogenesis. Its relative mRNA level was found to be significantly decreased in PSTVd-sensitive tomato (cvs Rutgers and Heinz 1706) due to degradation processes, but increased in PSTVd-tolerant (cv. Harzfeuer). In heterologous system of Nicotiana benthamiana, we observed a SlMyb-associated necrotic effect in agroinfiltrated leaf sectors during ectopic overexpression. Leaf sector necroses were accompanied by activation of nucleolytic enzymes but were suppressed by a strongly pathogenic PSTVd variant. Contrary to that, PSTVd's effect was inhibited by the silencing suppressor p19. It was found that in both, Solanum lycopersicum leaves and N. benthamiana leaf sectors, SlMyb mRNA degradation was significantly stronger in viroid-infected tissues. Necroses induction as well as gene silencing experiments using the SANT/HTH-Myb homologues revealed involvement of this Myb in physiological changes like distortions in flower morphogenesis and growth suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Matoušek
- BC ASCR v. v. i., Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Rajen J J Piernikarczyk
- Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40204 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Anna Týcová
- BC ASCR v. v. i., Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Ganesh S Duraisamy
- BC ASCR v. v. i., Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Kocábek
- BC ASCR v. v. i., Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Gerhard Steger
- Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40204 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Lim CW, Lee SC. Arabidopsis abscisic acid receptors play an important role in disease resistance. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 88:313-24. [PMID: 25969135 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are natural pores of plants and constitute the entry points for water during transpiration. However, they also facilitate the ingress of potentially harmful bacterial pathogens. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a pivotal role in protecting plants against biotic stress, by regulating stomatal closure. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism whereby ABA influences plant defense responses to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000, which is a virulent bacterial pathogen of Arabidopsis, at the pre-invasive stage. We found that overexpression of two ABA receptors, namely, RCAR4/PYL10-OX and RCAR5/PYL11-OX (hereafter referred to as RCARs), resulted in ABA-hypersensitive phenotypes being exhibited during the seed germination and seedling growth stages. Sensitivity to ABA enhanced the resistance of RCAR4-OX and RCAR5-OX plants to Pst DC3000, through promoting stomatal closure leading to the development of resistance to this bacterial pathogen. Protein phosphatase HAB1 is an important component that is responsible for ABA signaling and which interacts with ABA receptors. We found that hab1 mutants exhibited enhanced resistance to Pst DC3000; moreover, similar to RCAR4-OX and RCAR5-OX plants, this enhanced resistance was correlated with stomatal closure. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that alteration of RCAR4- or RCAR5-HAB1 mediated ABA signaling influences resistance to bacterial pathogens via stomatal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Korea
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140
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Wang Y, Wu WH. Genetic approaches for improvement of the crop potassium acquisition and utilization efficiency. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 25:46-52. [PMID: 25941764 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) is one of the essential macronutrients for higher plants, not only important for plant growth and development, but also crucial for crop yield and quality. The deficiency in K in large areas of arable land worldwide has become a limitation for sustainable development of agriculture, and threatens the world food security. Along with the increased limitation of K fertilizer supply, the genetic improvement of K utilization efficiency (KUE) of crop plants may become a feasible way to solve the problem. K nutrition depends on an underlying relationship with metabolic regulation which together influence crop yield, quality and responses to environmental stress. Manipulation of root architecture together with K transport and distribution within the plant offer great potential to improve KUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB), College of Biological Sciences, National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei-Hua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB), College of Biological Sciences, National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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141
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Ruan L, Zhang J, Xin X, Zhang C, Ma D, Chen L, Zhao B. Comparative analysis of potassium deficiency-responsive transcriptomes in low potassium susceptible and tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sci Rep 2015; 5:10090. [PMID: 25985414 PMCID: PMC4650753 DOI: 10.1038/srep10090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K+) deficiency as a common abiotic stress can inhibit the growth of plants and thus reduce the agricultural yields. Nevertheless, scarcely any development has been promoted in wheat transcriptional changes under K+ deficiency. Here we investigated root transcriptional changes in two wheat genotypes, namely, low-K+ tolerant “Tongzhou916” and low-K+ susceptible “Shiluan02-1”. There were totally 2713 and 2485 probe sets displayed expression changes more than 1.5-fold in Tongzhou916 and Shiluan02-1, respectively. Low-K+ responsive genes mainly belonged to the categories as follows: metabolic process, cation binding, transferase activity, ion transporters and so forth. We made a comparison of gene expression differences between the two wheat genotypes. There were 1321 and 1177 up-regulated genes in Tongzhou916 and Shiluan02-1, respectively. This result indicated that more genes took part in acclimating to low-K+ stress in Tongzhou916. In addition, there were more genes associated with jasmonic acid, defense response and potassium transporter up-regulated in Tongzhou916. Moreover, totally 19 genes encoding vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase, ethylene-related, auxin response, anatomical structure development and nutrient reservoir were uniquely up-regulated in Tongzhou916. For their important role in root architecture, K+ uptake and nutrient storage, unique genes above may make a great contribution to the strong low-K+ tolerance in Tongzhou916.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiuli Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Congzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Donghao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental &Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Bingzi Zhao
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental &Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
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142
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Léran S, Edel KH, Pervent M, Hashimoto K, Corratgé-Faillie C, Offenborn JN, Tillard P, Gojon A, Kudla J, Lacombe B. Nitrate sensing and uptake in Arabidopsis are enhanced by ABI2, a phosphatase inactivated by the stress hormone abscisic acid. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra43. [PMID: 25943353 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaa4829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Living organisms sense and respond to changes in nutrient availability to cope with diverse environmental conditions. Nitrate (NO3-) is the main source of nitrogen for plants and is a major component in fertilizer. Unraveling the molecular basis of nitrate sensing and regulation of nitrate uptake should enable the development of strategies to increase the efficiency of nitrogen use and maximize nitrate uptake by plants, which would aid in reducing nitrate pollution. NPF6.3 (also known as NRT1.1), which functions as a nitrate sensor and transporter; the kinase CIPK23; and the calcium sensor CBL9 form a complex that is crucial for nitrate sensing in Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified two additional components that regulate nitrate transport, sensing, and signaling: the calcium sensor CBL1 and protein phosphatase 2C family member ABI2, which is inhibited by the stress-response hormone abscisic acid. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays and in vitro kinase assays revealed that ABI2 interacted with and dephosphorylated CIPK23 and CBL1. Coexpression studies in Xenopus oocytes and analysis of plants deficient in ABI2 indicated that ABI2 enhanced NPF6.3-dependent nitrate transport, nitrate sensing, and nitrate signaling. These findings suggest that ABI2 may functionally link stress-regulated control of growth and nitrate uptake and utilization, which are energy-expensive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Léran
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes "Claude Grignon," Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Kai H Edel
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marjorie Pervent
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes "Claude Grignon," Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Claire Corratgé-Faillie
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes "Claude Grignon," Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Jan Niklas Offenborn
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Pascal Tillard
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes "Claude Grignon," Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Alain Gojon
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes "Claude Grignon," Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Benoît Lacombe
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes "Claude Grignon," Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France.
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143
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Rodriguez L, Gonzalez-Guzman M, Diaz M, Rodrigues A, Izquierdo-Garcia AC, Peirats-Llobet M, Fernandez MA, Antoni R, Fernandez D, Marquez JA, Mulet JM, Albert A, Rodriguez PL. C2-domain abscisic acid-related proteins mediate the interaction of PYR/PYL/RCAR abscisic acid receptors with the plasma membrane and regulate abscisic acid sensitivity in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:4802-20. [PMID: 25465408 PMCID: PMC4311195 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.129973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-delimited abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction plays a critical role in early ABA signaling, but the molecular mechanisms linking core signaling components to the plasma membrane are unclear. We show that transient calcium-dependent interactions of PYR/PYL ABA receptors with membranes are mediated through a 10-member family of C2-domain ABA-related (CAR) proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. Specifically, we found that PYL4 interacted in an ABA-independent manner with CAR1 in both the plasma membrane and nucleus of plant cells. CAR1 belongs to a plant-specific gene family encoding CAR1 to CAR10 proteins, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation and coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that PYL4-CAR1 as well as other PYR/PYL-CAR pairs interacted in plant cells. The crystal structure of CAR4 was solved, which revealed that, in addition to a classical calcium-dependent lipid binding C2 domain, a specific CAR signature is likely responsible for the interaction with PYR/PYL receptors and their recruitment to phospholipid vesicles. This interaction is relevant for PYR/PYL function and ABA signaling, since different car triple mutants affected in CAR1, CAR4, CAR5, and CAR9 genes showed reduced sensitivity to ABA in seedling establishment and root growth assays. In summary, we identified PYR/PYL-interacting partners that mediate a transient Ca(2+)-dependent interaction with phospholipid vesicles, which affects PYR/PYL subcellular localization and positively regulates ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesia Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Guzman
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maira Diaz
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, ES-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Americo Rodrigues
- Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Escola Superior de Turismo e Tecnologia do Mar, 2411-901 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Ana C Izquierdo-Garcia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Peirats-Llobet
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria A Fernandez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Regina Antoni
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniel Fernandez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Grenoble Outstation and Unit of Virus Host-Cell Interactions, UJF-EMBL-CNRS, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jose A Marquez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Grenoble Outstation and Unit of Virus Host-Cell Interactions, UJF-EMBL-CNRS, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Jose M Mulet
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Armando Albert
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, ES-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
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144
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Proietti S, Giangrande C, Amoresano A, Pucci P, Molinaro A, Bertini L, Caporale C, Caruso C. Xanthomonas campestris lipooligosaccharides trigger innate immunity and oxidative burst in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 85:51-62. [PMID: 25394800 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants lack the adaptive immunity mechanisms of jawed vertebrates, so they rely on innate immune responses to defense themselves from pathogens. The plant immune system perceives the presence of pathogens by recognition of molecules known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs have several common characteristics, including highly conserved structures, essential for the microorganism but absent in host organisms. Plants can specifically recognize PAMPs using a large set of receptors and can respond with appropriate defenses by activating a multicomponent and multilayered response. Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are major components of the cell surface of Gram-negative bacteria with diverse roles in bacterial pathogenesis of animals and plants that include elicitation of host defenses. Little is known on the mechanisms of perception of these molecules by plants and the associated signal transduction pathways that trigger plant immunity.Here we addressed the question whether the defense signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana was triggered by LOS from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), using proteomic and transcriptomic approaches. By using affinity capture strategies with immobilized LOS and LC-MS/MS analyses, we identified 8 putative LOS protein ligands. Further investigation of these interactors led to the definition that LOS challenge is able to activate a signal transduction pathway that uses nodal regulators in common with salicylic acid-mediated pathway. Moreover, we proved evidence that Xcc LOS are responsible for oxidative burst in Arabidopsis either in infiltrated or systemic leaves. In addition, gene expression studies highlighted the presence of gene network involved in reactive oxygen species transduction pathway.
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145
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Rubio F, Fon M, Ródenas R, Nieves-Cordones M, Alemán F, Rivero RM, Martínez V. A low K+ signal is required for functional high-affinity K+ uptake through HAK5 transporters. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2014; 152:558-70. [PMID: 24716623 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The high-affinity K(+) transporter HAK5 is a key system for root K(+) uptake and, under very low external K(+), the only one capable of supplying K(+) to the plant. Functional HAK5-mediated K(+) uptake should be tightly regulated for plant adaptation to different environmental conditions. Thus, it has been described that the gene encoding the transporter is transcriptionally regulated, being highly induced under K(+) limitation. Here we show that environmental conditions, such as the lack of K(+), NO(3)(-) or P, that induced a hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane of root cells, induce HAK5 transcription. However, only the deprivation of K(+) produces functional HAK5-mediated K(+) uptake in the root. These results suggest on the one hand the existence of a posttranscriptional regulation of HAK5 elicited by the low K(+) signal and on the other that HAK5 may be involved in yet-unknown functions related to NO(3)(-) and P deficiencies. These results have been obtained here with Solanum lycopersicum (cv. Micro-Tom) as well as Arabidopsis thaliana plants, suggesting that the posttranscriptional regulation of high-affinity HAK transporters take place in all plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Rubio
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
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146
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Nitric oxide negatively regulates AKT1-mediated potassium uptake through modulating vitamin B6 homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:16196-201. [PMID: 25355908 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1417473111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), an active signaling molecule in plants, is involved in numerous physiological processes and adaptive responses to environmental stresses. Under high-salt conditions, plants accumulate NO quickly, and reorganize Na(+) and K(+) contents. However, the molecular connection between NO and ion homeostasis is largely unknown. Here, we report that NO lowers K(+) channel AKT1-mediated plant K(+) uptake by modulating vitamin B6 biosynthesis. In a screen for Arabidopsis NO-hypersensitive mutants, we isolated sno1 (sensitive to nitric oxide 1), which is allelic to the previously noted mutant sos4 (salt overly sensitive 4) that has impaired Na(+) and K(+) contents and overproduces pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), an active form of vitamin B6. We showed that NO increased PLP and decreased K(+) levels in plant. NO induced SNO1 gene expression and enzyme activity, indicating that NO-triggered PLP accumulation mainly occurs through SNO1-mediated vitamin B6 salvage biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PLP significantly repressed the activity of K(+) channel AKT1 in the Xenopus oocyte system and Arabidopsis root protoplasts. Together, our results suggest that NO decreases K(+) absorption by promoting the synthesis of vitamin B6 PLP, which further represses the activity of K(+) channel AKT1 in Arabidopsis. These findings reveal a previously unidentified pivotal role of NO in modulating the homeostasis of vitamin B6 and potassium nutrition in plants, and shed light on the mechanism of NO in plant acclimation to environmental changes.
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147
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Structural basis of the regulatory mechanism of the plant CIPK family of protein kinases controlling ion homeostasis and abiotic stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E4532-41. [PMID: 25288725 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1407610111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant cells have developed specific protective molecular machinery against environmental stresses. The family of CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPK) and their interacting activators, the calcium sensors calcineurin B-like (CBLs), work together to decode calcium signals elicited by stress situations. The molecular basis of biological activation of CIPKs relies on the calcium-dependent interaction of a self-inhibitory NAF motif with a particular CBL, the phosphorylation of the activation loop by upstream kinases, and the subsequent phosphorylation of the CBL by the CIPK. We present the crystal structures of the NAF-truncated and pseudophosphorylated kinase domains of CIPK23 and CIPK24/SOS2. In addition, we provide biochemical data showing that although CIPK23 is intrinsically inactive and requires an external stimulation, CIPK24/SOS2 displays basal activity. This data correlates well with the observed conformation of the respective activation loops: Although the loop of CIPK23 is folded into a well-ordered structure that blocks the active site access to substrates, the loop of CIPK24/SOS2 protrudes out of the active site and allows catalysis. These structures together with biochemical and biophysical data show that CIPK kinase activity necessarily requires the coordinated releases of the activation loop from the active site and of the NAF motif from the nucleotide-binding site. Taken all together, we postulate the basis for a conserved calcium-dependent NAF-mediated regulation of CIPKs and a variable regulation by upstream kinases.
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148
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Lim CW, Luan S, Lee SC. A Prominent Role for RCAR3-Mediated ABA Signaling in Response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 Infection in Arabidopsis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 55:1691-703. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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149
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Coskun D, Britto DT, Kronzucker HJ. The physiology of channel-mediated K+ acquisition in roots of higher plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2014; 151:305-12. [PMID: 24697609 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
K(+) channels are among the best-characterized classes of membrane protein in plants. Nevertheless, in-planta demonstrations of traits emerging from molecular characterizations have often been insufficient or lacking altogether. Such linkages are, however, critical to our basic understanding of plant nutrition and to addressing 'real-world' issues that are faced in environmental and agricultural settings. Here, we cover some of the recent advances in K(+) acquisition with particular focus on voltage-gated K(+) channel functioning and regulation in roots, and highlight where linkages to in-planta behavior have been successfully made and, conversely, where such linkages are yet to be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Coskun
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
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150
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Véry AA, Nieves-Cordones M, Daly M, Khan I, Fizames C, Sentenac H. Molecular biology of K+ transport across the plant cell membrane: what do we learn from comparison between plant species? JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 171:748-69. [PMID: 24666983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cloning and characterizations of plant K(+) transport systems aside from Arabidopsis have been increasing over the past decade, favored by the availability of more and more plant genome sequences. Information now available enables the comparison of some of these systems between species. In this review, we focus on three families of plant K(+) transport systems that are active at the plasma membrane: the Shaker K(+) channel family, comprised of voltage-gated channels that dominate the plasma membrane conductance to K(+) in most environmental conditions, and two families of transporters, the HAK/KUP/KT K(+) transporter family, which includes some high-affinity transporters, and the HKT K(+) and/or Na(+) transporter family, in which K(+)-permeable members seem to be present in monocots only. The three families are briefly described, giving insights into the structure of their members and on functional properties and their roles in Arabidopsis or rice. The structure of the three families is then compared between plant species through phylogenic analyses. Within clusters of ortologues/paralogues, similarities and differences in terms of expression pattern, functional properties and, when known, regulatory interacting partners, are highlighted. The question of the physiological significance of highlighted differences is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Aliénor Véry
- Biochimie & Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/386 INRA/SupAgro Montpellier/Université Montpellier 2, Campus SupAgro-INRA, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France.
| | - Manuel Nieves-Cordones
- Biochimie & Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/386 INRA/SupAgro Montpellier/Université Montpellier 2, Campus SupAgro-INRA, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Meriem Daly
- Biochimie & Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/386 INRA/SupAgro Montpellier/Université Montpellier 2, Campus SupAgro-INRA, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France; Laboratoire d'Ecologie et d'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik, Université Hassan II-Mohammedia, Avenue Cdt Driss El Harti, BP 7955, Sidi Othmane, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Imran Khan
- Biochimie & Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/386 INRA/SupAgro Montpellier/Université Montpellier 2, Campus SupAgro-INRA, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France; Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Cécile Fizames
- Biochimie & Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/386 INRA/SupAgro Montpellier/Université Montpellier 2, Campus SupAgro-INRA, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Hervé Sentenac
- Biochimie & Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/386 INRA/SupAgro Montpellier/Université Montpellier 2, Campus SupAgro-INRA, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
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