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Brekk OR, Makridakis M, Mavroeidi P, Vlahou A, Xilouri M, Stefanis L. Impairment of chaperone-mediated autophagy affects neuronal homeostasis through altered expression of DJ-1 and CRMP-2 proteins. Mol Cell Neurosci 2018; 95:1-12. [PMID: 30562574 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a substrate-specific mode of lysosomal proteolysis, with multiple lines of evidence connecting its dysfunction to both ageing and disease. We have recently shown that CMA impairment through knock-down of the lysosomal receptor LAMP2A is detrimental to neuronal viability in vivo; however, it is not clear which subset of proteins regulated by the CMA pathway mediate such changes. In this study, we have manipulated CMA function through alterations of LAMP2A abundance in primary rat cortical neurons, to identify potential changes to the neuronal proteome occurring prior to neurotoxic effects. We have identified a list of proteins with significant, >2-fold change in abundance following our manipulations, of which PARK7/DJ-1 - an anti-oxidant implicated in hereditary forms of Parkinson's Disease (PD), and DPYSL2/CRMP-2 - a microtubule-binding phosphoprotein involved in schizophrenia pathogenesis - were both found to have measurable effects on neuronal homeostasis and phenotype. Taken together, this study describes alterations in the abundance of neuronal proteins involved in neuropsychiatric disorders upon CMA manipulation, and suggests that such alterations may in part be responsible for the neurodegeneration observed upon CMA impairment in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oeystein Roed Brekk
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece; University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Manousos Makridakis
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Mavroeidi
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Xilouri
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece; Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
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102
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Ostrowski RP, Zhang JH. The insights into molecular pathways of hypoxia-inducible factor in the brain. J Neurosci Res 2018; 98:57-76. [PMID: 30548473 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this present work were to review recent developments on the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in the survival of cells under normoxic versus hypoxic and inflammatory brain conditions. The dual nature of HIF effects appears well established, based on the accumulated evidence of HIF playing both the role of adaptive factor and mediator of cell demise. Cellular HIF responses depend on pathophysiological conditions, developmental phase, comorbidities, and administered medications. In addition, HIF-1α and HIF-2α actions may vary in the same tissues. The multiple roles of HIF in stem cells are emerging. HIF not only regulates expression of target genes and thereby influences resultant protein levels but also contributes to epigenetic changes that may reciprocally provide feedback regulations loops. These HIF-dependent alterations in neurological diseases and its responses to treatments in vivo need to be examined alongside with a functional status of subjects involved in such studies. The knowledge of HIF pathways might be helpful in devising HIF-mimetics and modulating drugs, acting on the molecular level to improve clinical outcomes, as exemplified here by clinical and experimental data of selected brain diseases, occasionally corroborated by the data from disorders of other organs. Because of complex role of HIF in brain injuries, prospective therapeutic interventions need to differentially target HIF responses depending on their roles in the molecular mechanisms of neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Ostrowski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuropathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - John H Zhang
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
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Liu J, Li W, Zhu W, He W, Zhao H, Xiang Y, Liu C, Wu W. Chronic intermittent hypoxia promotes the development of experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by modulating Treg/Th17 differentiation. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:1200-1210. [PMID: 30379980 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to characterize the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia and HIF1α on the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) process in mice, and to explore the role of the Treg/Th17 balance in the formation of NASH inflammation and fibrosis. To achieve this purpose, simple steatosis was induced in mice by high-fat diet administration. Subsequently, chronic intermittent hypoxia was simulated by intraperitoneally injecting sodium nitrite. The changes of inflammation, fibrosis, and Treg/Th17 balance in the liver were quantified under chronic intermittent hypoxia condition and after tail vein injection of HIF1α-siRNA. In addition, T cells were cultured in vitro, and HIF1α expression was either blocked or overexpressed under chronic intermittent hypoxia or normal conditions. Then, the changes of Treg/Th17 balance, inflammatory factors, and cell pathways were measured in each group. Our results demonstrated that chronic intermittent hypoxia accelerates the NASH process, while tail vein injection of HIF1α-siRNA improves liver histology and function. Chronic intermittent hypoxia alters the ratio of Th17 and Treg cells through HIF1α and mTOR signaling, and increases the expressions of NF-κB, IL-6, and IL-17, but decreases IL-10 expression. Inhibition of the mTOR-HIF1α-TLR4-IL-6 pathway increases the ratio of Treg/Th17. Thus, chronic intermittent hypoxia modulates the Treg/Th17 balance by inducing HIF1α, resulting in the activation of the mTOR-HIF1α-TLR4-IL-6 pathway, which accelerates the formation of NASH and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University, Huzhou, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University, Huzhou, China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University, Huzhou, China
| | - Weimei He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University, Huzhou, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University, Huzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University, Huzhou, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University, Huzhou, China
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Kobayashi Y, Oguro A, Imaoka S. Bisphenol A and Its Derivatives Induce Degradation of HIF-1alpha via the Lysosomal Pathway in Human Hepatocarcinoma Cell Line, Hep3B. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:374-382. [PMID: 29491214 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane), one of the phenolic compounds widely used in the manufacture of plastic and epoxy resins, is known as an endocrine disruptor. In a previous study, we found that BPA induced hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) degradation by dissociation from heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). In this study, to investigate the structural requirements for degradation of HIF-1alpha, we estimated the effect of BPA derivatives (BPE, BPF, BPB, Dimethyl butylidene diphenol (DMBDP), Ethyl hexylidene diphenol (EHDP), Bishydroxyphenyl cyclohexane (BHCH), and Methyl benzylidene bisphenol (MBBP)) on HIF-1alpha protein degradation, using human hepatocarcinoma cell line, Hep3B. BPB, DMBDP, BHCH, and MBBP decreased HIF-1alpha protein levels more efficiently than BPA, but BPE, BPF, and EHDP did not affect HIF-1alpha protein levels. BPA degraded HIF-1alpha even in the presence of MG132, a proteasome inhibitor. In this study, we found that ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor, efficiently restored the decrease in HIF-1alpha protein levels by BPA. Recent studies indicated that HIF-1alpha is degraded by the lysosomal pathway as well as the proteasomal pathway. Therefore, we investigated the levels of heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein (HSC70) protein after treatment with BPA. We found that BPA induced HSC70 protein and overexpression of HSC70 enhanced HIF-1alpha degradation in Hep3B cells. These results suggested that BPA causes the degradation of HIF-1alpha by induction of HSC70, leading lysosomal degradation of HIF-1alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukino Kobayashi
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University
| | - Ami Oguro
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University
| | - Susumu Imaoka
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University
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105
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Deubiquitinating Enzymes Related to Autophagy: New Therapeutic Opportunities? Cells 2018; 7:cells7080112. [PMID: 30126257 PMCID: PMC6116007 DOI: 10.3390/cells7080112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process that allows for the degradation of intracellular components by lysosomes. This process can be triggered by nutrient deprivation, microbial infections or other challenges to promote cell survival under these stressed conditions. However, basal levels of autophagy are also crucial for the maintenance of proper cellular homeostasis by ensuring the selective removal of protein aggregates and dysfunctional organelles. A tight regulation of this process is essential for cellular survival and organismal health. Indeed, deregulation of autophagy is associated with a broad range of pathologies such as neuronal degeneration, inflammatory diseases, and cancer progression. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination of autophagy substrates, as well as components of the autophagic machinery, are critical regulatory mechanisms of autophagy. Here, we review the main evidence implicating deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) in the regulation of autophagy. We also discuss how they may constitute new therapeutic opportunities in the treatment of pathologies such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases or infections.
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106
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Pyo J, Ryu J, Kim W, Choi JS, Jeong JW, Kim JE. The Protein Phosphatase PPM1G Destabilizes HIF-1α Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082297. [PMID: 30081604 PMCID: PMC6121667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key regulators of hypoxic responses, and their stability and transcriptional activity are controlled by several kinases. However, the regulation of HIF by protein phosphatases has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we found that overexpression of Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent protein phosphatase 1 gamma (PPM1G), one of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases, downregulated protein expression of ectopic HIF-1α under normoxic or acute hypoxic conditions. In addition, the deficiency of PPM1G upregulated protein expression of endogenous HIF-1α under normoxic or acute oxidative stress conditions. PPM1G decreased expression of HIF-1α via the proteasomal pathway. PPM1G-mediated HIF-1α degradation was dependent on prolyl hydroxylase (PHD), but independent of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL). These data suggest that PPM1G is critical for the control of HIF-1α-dependent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyuk Pyo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jaewook Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Wootae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jae-Sun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Joo-Won Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Ja-Eun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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107
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You Y, Li WZ, Zhang S, Hu B, Li YX, Li HD, Tang HH, Li QW, Guan YY, Liu LX, Bao WL, Shen X. SNX10 mediates alcohol-induced liver injury and steatosis by regulating the activation of chaperone-mediated autophagy. J Hepatol 2018; 69:129-141. [PMID: 29452206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the cellular defense mechanisms underlying ALD are not well understood. Recent studies highlighted the involvement of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism. Sorting nexin (SNX)-10 has a regulatory function in endolysosomal trafficking and stabilisation. Here, we investigated the roles of SNX10 in CMA activation and in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced liver injury and steatosis. METHODS Snx10 knockout (Snx10 KO) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates fed either the Lieber-DeCarli liquid alcohol diet or a control liquid diet, and primary cultured WT and Snx10 KO hepatocytes stimulated with ethanol, were used as in vivo and in vitro ALD models, respectively. Activation of CMA, liver injury parameters, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and lipid metabolism were measured. RESULTS Compared with WT littermates, Snx10 KO mice exhibited a significant amelioration in ethanol-induced liver injury and hepatic steatosis. Both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that SNX10 deficiency upregulated lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP-2A) expression and CMA activation, which could be reversed by SNX10 overexpression in vitro. LAMP-2A interference confirmed that the upregulation of Nrf2 and AMPK signalling pathways induced by SNX10 deficiency relied on CMA activation. Pull-down assays revealed an interaction between SNX10 and cathepsin A (CTSA), a key enzyme involved in LAMP-2A degradation. Deficiency in SNX10 inhibited CTSA maturation and increased the stability of LAMP-2A, resulting in an increase in CMA activity. CONCLUSIONS SNX10 controls CMA activity by mediating CTSA maturation, and, thus, has an essential role in alcohol-induced liver injury and steatosis. Our results provide evidence for SNX10 as a potential promising therapeutic target for preventing or ameliorating liver injury in ALD. LAY SUMMARY Alcoholic liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies highlight the involvement of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism. Our study reveals that deficiency of sorting nexin (SNX) 10 increases the stability of LAMP-2A by inhibiting cathepsin A maturation, resulting in the increase of CMA activity and, thus, alleviates alcohol-induced liver injury and steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan You
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Zhen Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sulin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Xuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan-Huan Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Wen Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Yun Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Lian Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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108
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Kowalski E, Geng S, Rathes A, Lu R, Li L. Toll-interacting protein differentially modulates HIF1α and STAT5-mediated genes in fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:12239-12247. [PMID: 29921584 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-interacting protein (Tollip) deficiency has been implicated in complex inflammatory and infectious diseases whose mechanisms are poorly understood. Comparing the gene expression profiles of WT and Tollip-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts, we observed here that Tollip deficiency selectively reduces the expression of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) but potentiates the expression of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) in these cells. We also observed that expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF1α) is reduced, whereas that of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) is elevated, in Tollip-deficient cells, correlating with the decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines and increased expression of FABP4 in these cells. We further found that the coupling of ubiquitin to ER degradation (CUE) domain of Tollip is required for stimulating HIF1α activity, because Tollip CUE-domain mutant cells exhibited reduced levels of HIF1α and selected cytokines. Tollip is known to mediate autophagy and lysosome fusion, and herein we observed that Tollip's autophagy function is required for modulating STAT5 and FABP4 expression. Bafilomycin A, an inhibitor of lysosome fusion, enhanced STAT5 and FABP4 expression in WT fibroblasts, whereas torin 2, an activator of autophagy, reduced STAT5 and FABP4 expression in Tollip-deficient fibroblasts. Taken together, our study reveals that Tollip differentially modulates HIF1α and STAT5 expression in fibroblasts, potentially explaining the complex and context-dependent contribution of Tollip to disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kowalski
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Shuo Geng
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Allison Rathes
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Ran Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061.
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109
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Li W, Dou J, Yang J, Xu H, She H. Targeting Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy for Disease Therapy. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 4:261-275. [PMID: 34540559 PMCID: PMC8445509 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-018-0138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW To reason that targeting chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) represents a promising approach for disease therapy, we will summarize advances in researches on the relationship between CMA and diseases and discuss relevant strategies for disease therapy by targeting the CMA process. RECENT FINDINGS CMA is a unique kind of selective autophagy in lysosomes. Under physiological conditions, CMA participates in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by protein quality control, bioenergetics, and timely regulated specific substrate-associated cellular processes. Under pathological conditions, CMA interplays with various disease conditions. CMA makes adaptive machinery to address stress, while disease-associated proteins alter CMA which is involved in pathogeneses of diseases. As more proteins are identified as CMA substrates and regulators, dysregulation of CMA has been implicated in an increasing number of diseases, while rectifying CMA alteration may be a benefit for these diseases. SUMMARY Alterations of CMA in diseases mainly including neurodegenerative diseases and many cancers raise the possibility of targeting CMA to recover cellular homeostasis as one potential strategy for therapy of relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Juan Dou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Haidong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hua She
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Tang C, Lei H, Zhang J, Liu M, Jin J, Luo H, Xu H, Wu Y. Montelukast inhibits hypoxia inducible factor-1α translation in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:715-721. [PMID: 29708817 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1451279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Through regulating the expression of hundreds of genes, hypoxia-inducible factor -1(HIF-1) plays a critical role in hypoxic adaption of cancer cells and is considered as a target for cancer therapy. Here we show that montelukast, a clinical leukotriene receptor antagonist for the treatment of asthma, inhibits hypoxia or CoCl2-induced HIF-1α activation and reduces its protein expression in prostate cancer cells. However, the other two leukotriene receptor antagonists, pranlukast and zafirlukast, cannot decrease HIF-1α protein, which indicates that montelukast-induced downregulation of HIF-1α is not mediated by leukotriene receptor. Neither proteasome inhibitor MG132 nor the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) can block montelukast-induced downregulation of HIF-1α protein. Interestingly, GSK2606414, a PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) inhibitor, abrogates montelukast-induced downregulation of HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions. However, montelukast increases phosphorylation of eIF-2α at Ser51. Moreover, montelukast inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, which can be reversed by overexpression of HIF-1α protein. In conclusion, we identify montelukast may be used as a novel agent for the treatment of prostate cancer by decreasing HIF-1α protein translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Tang
- a Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital / Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hu Lei
- a Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital / Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Jinfu Zhang
- a Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital / Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Meng Liu
- a Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital / Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Jin Jin
- a Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital / Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hao Luo
- a Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital / Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hanzhang Xu
- a Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital / Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yingli Wu
- a Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital / Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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Shi R, Guberman M, Kirshenbaum LA. Mitochondrial quality control: The role of mitophagy in aging. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2018; 28:246-260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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112
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Tekirdag K, Cuervo AM. Chaperone-mediated autophagy and endosomal microautophagy: Joint by a chaperone. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:5414-5424. [PMID: 29247007 PMCID: PMC5900761 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r117.818237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of mechanisms deliver cytosolic materials to the lysosomal compartment for degradation through autophagy. Here, we focus on two autophagic pathways, the chaperone-mediated autophagy and the endosomal microautophagy that rely on the cytosolic chaperone hsc70 for substrate targeting. Although hsc70 participates in the triage of proteins for degradation by different proteolytic systems, the common characteristic shared by these two forms of autophagy is that hsc70 binds directly to a specific five-amino acid motif in the cargo protein for its autophagic targeting. We summarize the current understanding of the molecular machineries behind each of these types of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumsal Tekirdag
- From the Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- From the Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
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113
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Granzyme B deficiency promotes osteoblastic differentiation and calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:221. [PMID: 29445095 PMCID: PMC5833422 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcification is a major risk factor for vascular integrity. This pathological symptom and the underlying mechanisms in hypoxic pulmonary artery hypertension remain elusive. Here we report that pulmonary vascular medial calcification is elevated in pulmonary artery hypertension models as a result of an osteoblastic phenotype change of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells induced by hypoxia. Notably, inhibiting store-operated calcium channels significantly decreased osteoblastic differentiation and calcification of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells under hypoxia. We identified granzyme B, a major constituent of cytotoxic T lymphocytes/natural killer cell granules involved in apoptosis, as the main regulator of pulmonary arterial calcification. Overexpression of granzyme B blocked the mineralization through its effect on store-operated calcium channels in cultured pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells under hypoxic conditions. Mice with overexpression of granzyme B exposed to hypoxia for 3 weeks showed attenuated vascular calcification and pathological progression of hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Our findings emphasize the central function of granzyme B in coordinating vascular calcification in hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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114
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Alfaro IE, Albornoz A, Molina A, Moreno J, Cordero K, Criollo A, Budini M. Chaperone Mediated Autophagy in the Crosstalk of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Metabolic Disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:778. [PMID: 30766511 PMCID: PMC6365421 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperone Mediated Autophagy (CMA) is a lysosomal-dependent protein degradation pathway. At least 30% of cytosolic proteins can be degraded by this process. The two major protein players of CMA are LAMP-2A and HSC70. While LAMP-2A works as a receptor for protein substrates at the lysosomal membrane, HSC70 specifically binds protein targets and takes them for CMA degradation. Because of the broad spectrum of proteins able to be degraded by CMA, this pathway has been involved in physiological and pathological processes such as lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and neurodegenerative diseases, respectively. Both, CMA, and the mentioned processes, are affected by aging and by inadequate nutritional habits such as a high fat diet or a high carbohydrate diet. Little is known regarding about CMA, which is considered a common regulation factor that links metabolism with neurodegenerative disorders. This review summarizes what is known about CMA, focusing on its molecular mechanism, its role in protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. In addition, the review will discuss how CMA could be linked to protein, lipids and carbohydrate metabolism within neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, it will be discussed how aging and inadequate nutritional habits can have an impact on both CMA activity and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván E. Alfaro
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Iván E. Alfaro
| | | | - Alfredo Molina
- Dentistry Faculty, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Moreno
- Dentistry Faculty, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karina Cordero
- Dentistry Faculty, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Dentistry Faculty, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Autophagy Research Center (ARC), Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Budini
- Dentistry Faculty, Institute in Dentistry Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Autophagy Research Center (ARC), Santiago, Chile
- Mauricio Budini
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115
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Chen N, Han Y, Luo Y, Zhou Y, Hu X, Yu Y, Xie X, Yin M, Sun J, Zhong W, Zhao Y, Song H, Fan C. Nanodiamond-based non-canonical autophagy inhibitor synergistically induces cell death in oxygen-deprived tumors. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2018; 5:1204-1210. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mh00993g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Blockage of autophagic flux by nanodiamonds induces apoptosis in hypoxic tumor cells with minimal toxicity to normal tissues and enhances the effects of anti-angiogenic therapy.
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116
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Gong Z, Tasset I, Diaz A, Anguiano J, Tas E, Cui L, Kuliawat R, Liu H, Kühn B, Cuervo AM, Muzumdar R. Humanin is an endogenous activator of chaperone-mediated autophagy. J Cell Biol 2017; 217:635-647. [PMID: 29187525 PMCID: PMC5800795 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201606095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gong et al. show in multiple cell types that a mitochondrial-associate peptide, humanin, activates chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) by stabilizing the interaction between HSP90 and CMA substrates, thereby protecting cells from stressor-induced cell death. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) serves as quality control during stress conditions through selective degradation of cytosolic proteins in lysosomes. Humanin (HN) is a mitochondria-associated peptide that offers cytoprotective, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we demonstrate that HN directly activates CMA by increasing substrate binding and translocation into lysosomes. The potent HN analogue HNG protects from stressor-induced cell death in fibroblasts, cardiomyoblasts, neuronal cells, and primary cardiomyocytes. The protective effects are lost in CMA-deficient cells, suggesting that they are mediated through the activation of CMA. We identified that a fraction of endogenous HN is present at the cytosolic side of the lysosomal membrane, where it interacts with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and stabilizes binding of this chaperone to CMA substrates as they bind to the membrane. Inhibition of HSP90 blocks the effect of HNG on substrate translocation and abolishes the cytoprotective effects. Our study provides a novel mechanism by which HN exerts its cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Inmaculada Tasset
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.,Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Antonio Diaz
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.,Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Jaime Anguiano
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.,Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Emir Tas
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Lingguang Cui
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Regina Kuliawat
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.,Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Honghai Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Bernhard Kühn
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY .,Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Radhika Muzumdar
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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117
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Iommarini L, Porcelli AM, Gasparre G, Kurelac I. Non-Canonical Mechanisms Regulating Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha in Cancer. Front Oncol 2017; 7:286. [PMID: 29230384 PMCID: PMC5711814 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) orchestrates cellular adaptation to low oxygen and nutrient-deprived environment and drives progression to malignancy in human solid cancers. Its canonical regulation involves prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs), which in normoxia induce degradation, whereas in hypoxia allow stabilization of HIF-1α. However, in certain circumstances, HIF-1α regulation goes beyond the actual external oxygen levels and involves PHD-independent mechanisms. Here, we gather and discuss the evidence on the non-canonical HIF-1α regulation, focusing in particular on the consequences of mitochondrial respiratory complexes damage on stabilization of this pleiotropic transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Iommarini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivana Kurelac
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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118
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Tang J, Zhan MN, Yin QQ, Zhou CX, Wang CL, Wo LL, He M, Chen GQ, Zhao Q. Impaired p65 degradation by decreased chaperone-mediated autophagy activity facilitates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e387. [PMID: 28991259 PMCID: PMC5668883 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has been observed in a wide range of human cancers and is thought to promote tumorigenesis and metastasis. As a central component of NF-κB pathway, p65 protein level is tightly regulated and could be subjected to proteasome degradation. Here we demonstrated that p65 can bind to HSC70 with four consensus recognition motif in its RHD domain and be constitutively transported to the lysosome membrane to bind with lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2A and degraded within the lysosome in two epithelial cell lines, proposing that p65 can be degraded by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Of great importance, there is a decreased CMA activity together with impaired degradation of p65 in a process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The resulted accumulation of p65 leads to higher NF-κB activity and contributes to the progression and maintenance of the EMT program. Taken together, our results define a novel regulatory mechanism for the important transcription factor p65, and these findings would shed new light on the inhibition of EMT, as well as metastasis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - M-N Zhan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Q-Q Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - C-X Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - C-L Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - L-L Wo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - M He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - G-Q Chen
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Q Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
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119
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Nakashima A, Aoki A, Kusabiraki T, Shima T, Yoshino O, Cheng SB, Sharma S, Saito S. Role of autophagy in oocytogenesis, embryogenesis, implantation, and pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2017; 43:633-643. [PMID: 28418212 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a well-conserved mechanism in cells from yeast to mammals, and autophagy maintains homeostasis against stress. The role of autophagy was originally shown to be a mechanism of energy production under starvation. In fact, multiple lines of evidence reveal that autophagy has numerous functions, such as protection from stress, energy regulation, immune regulation, differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. In the field of reproduction, the role of autophagy in implantation, embryogenesis, placentation, and delivery has become clearer. In addition, recent study has elucidated that the placenta has the ability to protect extraplacental cells from virus infection by activating autophagy. During resent research into autophagy, several issues have occurred in the interpretation of the autophagy status. In this review, we discuss the relation between autophagy and reproductive events, and show the importance of autophagy for placentation and pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitoshi Nakashima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Aiko Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tae Kusabiraki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Osamu Yoshino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shi-Bin Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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120
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Im S, Kim DW. Nkx3.2 induces oxygen concentration-independent and lysosome-dependent degradation of HIF-1α to modulate hypoxic responses in chondrocytes. Cell Signal 2017; 36:127-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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121
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Masuelli L, Granato M, Benvenuto M, Mattera R, Bernardini R, Mattei M, d'Amati G, D'Orazi G, Faggioni A, Bei R, Cirone M. Chloroquine supplementation increases the cytotoxic effect of curcumin against Her2/neu overexpressing breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo in nude mice while counteracts it in immune competent mice. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1356151. [PMID: 29147611 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1356151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is usually a pro-survival mechanism in cancer cells, especially in the course of chemotherapy, thus autophagy inhibition may enhance the chemotherapy-mediated anti-cancer effect. However, since autophagy is strongly involved in the immunogenicity of cell death by promoting ATP release, its inhibition may reduce the immune response against tumors, negatively influencing the overall outcome of chemotherapy. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer effect of curcumin (CUR) against Her2/neu overexpressing breast cancer cells (TUBO) in the presence or in the absence of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). We found that TUBO cell death induced by CUR was increased in vitro by CQ and slightly in vivo in nude mice. Conversely, CQ counteracted the Cur cytotoxic effect in immune competent mice, as demonstrated by the lack of in vivo tumor regression and the reduction of overall mice survival as compared with CUR-treated mice. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed the presence of a remarkable FoxP3 T cell infiltrate within the tumors in CUR/CQ treated mice and a reduction of T cytotoxic cells, as compared with single CUR treatment. These findings suggest that autophagy is important to elicit anti-tumor immune response and that autophagy inhibition by CQ reduces such response also by recruiting T regulatory (Treg) cells in the tumor microenvironment that may be pro-tumorigenic and might counteract CUR-mediated anti-cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Granato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Benvenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Traslational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Mattera
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Traslational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Bernardini
- STA, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Mattei
- STA, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G d'Amati
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G D'Orazi
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Tumor Biology Section, University 'G. d'Annunzio', Chieti, Italy
| | - A Faggioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Traslational Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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122
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Lee KH, Lee SJ, Lee HJ, Choi GE, Jung YH, Kim DI, Gabr AA, Ryu JM, Han HJ. Amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42) Induces the CDK2-Mediated Phosphorylation of Tau through the Activation of the mTORC1 Signaling Pathway While Promoting Neuronal Cell Death. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:229. [PMID: 28790888 PMCID: PMC5522873 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cognitive impairment and memory loss. Amyloid β1-42 (Aβ) and hyper-phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein tau have been considered as major histological features in AD. However, the mechanism of how Aβ induces the hyper-phosphorylation of tau remains to be clarified. In the present study, we investigated the underlying cellular mechanisms of Aβ with regard to the cell cycle regulatory protein-mediated phosphorylation of tau in promoting neuronal cell death. The oligomer Aβ (5 μM) significantly increased the level of caspase 3 cleavage and has the ability to induce cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SK-N-MC cells. Aβ induced the degree of extracellular calcium influx via the L-type channel to facilitate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Aβ signaling through ROS production is uniquely mediated by the activation of PI3K/Akt, which is in turn required for mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) phosphorylation. mTORC1 activated by Aβ further increased the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), a binding protein (4E-BP1) and p70S6K1 to stimulate the HIF1α synthesis responsible for the induction of cyclinD1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and cyclinE/CDK2, whereas it significantly attenuated the activation of autophagy. Aβ distinctively induced the CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of tau, which is responsible for microtubule destabilization in promoting neuronal apoptosis. In mouse hippocampal primary neurons, the apoptotic cell death induced by Aβ is highly susceptible to the mTORC1 signaling pathway. These results demonstrate that Aβ efficiently stimulates the mTORC1 signaling pathway to facilitate HIF1α synthesis and autophagy inhibition to promote the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, during which CDK2 uniquely stimulates tau phosphorylation for microtubule destabilization-mediated neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hoon Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Center, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Sei-Jung Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany UniversityGyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jik Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Center, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Gee Euhn Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Center, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Young Hyun Jung
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Center, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Dah Ihm Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Center, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Amr Ahmed Gabr
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Center, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityGiza, Egypt
| | - Jung Min Ryu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National UniversityGwangju, South Korea
| | - Ho Jae Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Center, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea
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123
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel A Warfel
- a Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine , University of Arizona Cancer Center , Tucson , AZ , USA
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124
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Tang Y, Wang XW, Liu ZH, Sun YM, Tang YX, Zhou DH. Chaperone-mediated autophagy substrate proteins in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:51970-51985. [PMID: 28881704 PMCID: PMC5584305 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
All intracellular proteins undergo continuous synthesis and degradation. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is necessary to maintain cellular homeostasis through turnover of cytosolic proteins (substrate proteins). This degradation involves a series of substrate proteins including both cancer promoters and suppressors. Since activating or inhibiting CMA pathway to treat cancer is still debated, targeting to the CMA substrate proteins provides a novel direction. We summarize the cancer-associated substrate proteins which are degraded by CMA. Consequently, CMA substrate proteins catalyze the glycolysis which contributes to the Warburg effect in cancer cells. The fact that the degradation of substrate proteins based on the CMA can be altered by posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation or acetylation. In conclusion, targeting to CMA substrate proteins develops into a new anticancer therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhan-Hua Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yun-Ming Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoushan, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Yu-Xin Tang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoushan, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Dai-Han Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
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125
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Xu B, Gao Y, Zhan S, Ge W. Quantitative proteomic profiling for clarification of the crucial roles of lysosomes in microbial infections. Mol Immunol 2017; 87:122-131. [PMID: 28433889 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes play vital roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. It is widely accepted that lysosomes do not function exclusively as a digestive organelle. It is also involved in the process of immune cells against pathogens. However, the changes in the lysosomal proteome caused by infection with various microbes are still largely unknown, and our understanding of the proteome of the purified lysosome is another obstacle that needs to be resolved. Here, we performed a proteomic study on lysosomes enriched from THP1 cells after infection with Listeria monocytogenes (L.m), Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV). In combination with the gene ontology (GO) analysis, we identified 284 lysosomal-related proteins from a total of 4560 proteins. We also constructed the protein-protein interaction networks for the differentially expressed proteins and revealed the core lysosomal proteins, including SRC in the L. m treated group, SRC, GLB1, HEXA and HEXB in the HSV-1 treated group and GLB1, CTSA, CTSB, HEXA and HEXB in the VSV treated group, which are involved in responding to diverse microbial infections. This study not only reveals variable lysosome responses depending on the bacterial or virus infection, but also provides the evidence based on which we propose a novel approach to proteome research for investigation of the function of the enriched organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhong Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, No 5 Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yanpan Gao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, No 5 Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shaohua Zhan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, No 5 Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, No 5 Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100005, China.
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126
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Hua F, Shang S, Hu ZW. Seeking new anti-cancer agents from autophagy-regulating natural products. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:305-313. [PMID: 28347180 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1304385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are an important original source of many widely used drugs, including anti-cancer drugs. Early research efforts for seeking anti-cancer therapy from the natural products are mainly focused on the compounds with cytotoxicity capability. The good examples include vinblastine, vincristine, the camptothecin derivatives; topotecan, irinotecan, epipodophyllotoxin derivatives and paclitaxel. In a recent decade, the fundamental progression has been made in the understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms regarding tumor initiation, metastasis, therapeutic resistance, immune escape, and relapse, which provide a great opportunity for the development of new mechanism-based anticancer drugs, especially drugs against new molecular and cellular targets. Autophagy, a critical cell homeostasis mechanism and promising drug target involved in a verity of human diseases including cancer, can be modulated by many compounds derived from natural products. In this review, we'll give a short introduction of autophagy and discuss the roles of autophagy in the tumorigenesis and progression. And then, we summarize the accumulated evidences to show the anti-tumor effects of several compounds derived from natural products through modulation of autophagy activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hua
- a Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Shuang Shang
- a Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | - Zhuo-Wei Hu
- a Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
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127
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Semenza GL. A compendium of proteins that interact with HIF-1α. Exp Cell Res 2017; 356:128-135. [PMID: 28336293 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is the founding member of a family of transcription factors that function as master regulators of oxygen homeostasis. HIF-1 is composed of an O2-regulated HIF-1α subunit and a constitutively expressed HIF-1β subunit. This review provides a compendium of proteins that interact with the HIF-1α subunit, many of which regulate HIF-1 activity in either an O2-dependent or O2-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg L Semenza
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
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128
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Miles AL, Burr SP, Grice GL, Nathan JA. The vacuolar-ATPase complex and assembly factors, TMEM199 and CCDC115, control HIF1α prolyl hydroxylation by regulating cellular iron levels. eLife 2017; 6:e22693. [PMID: 28296633 PMCID: PMC5391204 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia Inducible transcription Factors (HIFs) are principally regulated by the 2-oxoglutarate and Iron(II) prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) enzymes, which hydroxylate the HIFα subunit, facilitating its proteasome-mediated degradation. Observations that HIFα hydroxylation can be impaired even when oxygen is sufficient emphasise the importance of understanding the complex nature of PHD regulation. Here, we use an unbiased genome-wide genetic screen in near-haploid human cells to uncover cellular processes that regulate HIF1α. We identify that genetic disruption of the Vacuolar H+ ATPase (V-ATPase), the key proton pump for endo-lysosomal acidification, and two previously uncharacterised V-ATPase assembly factors, TMEM199 and CCDC115, stabilise HIF1α in aerobic conditions. Rather than preventing the lysosomal degradation of HIF1α, disrupting the V-ATPase results in intracellular iron depletion, thereby impairing PHD activity and leading to HIF activation. Iron supplementation directly restores PHD catalytic activity following V-ATPase inhibition, revealing important links between the V-ATPase, iron metabolism and HIFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Miles
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Burr
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Guinevere L Grice
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James A Nathan
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Keller CW, Lünemann JD. Autophagy and Autophagy-Related Proteins in CNS Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2017; 8:165. [PMID: 28289410 PMCID: PMC5326760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy comprises a heterogeneous group of cellular pathways that enables eukaryotic cells to deliver cytoplasmic constituents for lysosomal degradation, to recycle nutrients, and to survive during starvation. In addition to these primordial functions, autophagy has emerged as a key mechanism in orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses and to shape CD4+ T cell immunity through delivery of peptides to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-containing compartments (MIICs). Individual autophagy proteins additionally modulate expression of MHC class I molecules for CD8+ T cell activation. The emergence and expansion of autoreactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are considered to play a key role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Expression of the essential autophagy-related protein 5 (Atg5), which supports T lymphocyte survival and proliferation, is increased in T cells isolated from blood or brain tissues from patients with relapsing-remitting MS. Whether Atgs contribute to the activation of autoreactive T cells through autophagy-mediated antigen presentation is incompletely understood. Here, we discuss the complex functions of autophagy proteins and pathways in regulating T cell immunity and its potential role in the development and progression of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian W Keller
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, University of Zürich , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Jan D Lünemann
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Mikami H, Saito Y, Okamoto N, Kakihana A, Kuga T, Nakayama Y. Requirement of Hsp105 in CoCl 2-induced HIF-1α accumulation and transcriptional activation. Exp Cell Res 2017; 352:225-233. [PMID: 28185835 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian stress protein Hsp105α protects cells from stress conditions. Several studies have indicated that Hsp105α is overexpressed in many types of solid tumors, which contain hypoxic microenvironments. However, the role of Hsp105α in hypoxic tumors remains largely unknown. We herein demonstrated the involvement of Hsp105α in HIF-1 functions induced by the hypoxia-mimetic agent CoCl2. While Hsp105α is mainly localized in the cytoplasm under normal conditions, a treatment with CoCl2 induces the nuclear localization of Hsp105α, which correlated with HIF-1α expression levels. The overexpression of degradation-resistant HIF-1α enhances the nuclear localization of Hsp105α without the CoCl2 treatment. The CoCl2-dependent transcriptional activation of HIF-1, which is measured using a reporter gene containing a HIF-responsive element, is reduced by the knockdown of Hsp105α. Furthermore, the CoCl2-induced accumulation of HIF-1α is enhanced by heat shock, which results in the nuclear localization of Hsp105, and is suppressed by the knockdown of Hsp105. Hsp105 associates with HIF-1α in CoCl2-treated cells. These results suggest that Hsp105α plays an important role in the functions of HIF-1 under hypoxic conditions, in which Hsp105α enhances the accumulation and transcriptional activity of HIF-1 through the HIF-1α-mediated nuclear localization of Hsp105α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Mikami
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Youhei Saito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Namiko Okamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Ayana Kakihana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kuga
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakayama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
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131
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Jacob JA, Salmani JMM, Jiang Z, Feng L, Song J, Jia X, Chen B. Autophagy: An overview and its roles in cancer and obesity. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 468:85-89. [PMID: 28153737 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a normal physiological process necessary for cellular homeostasis to maintain adequate levels of cellular components. It is essential to stabilize the source of energy during development and nutritional stress and plays the dual role of survival or cell killing in various diseases including cancer. The selectivity of the response to removal of selected organelles may vary according to the each type. Macroautophagy forms a double-membraned autophagosome around the organelle destined for processing. Microautophagy involves direct engulfment of the cellular components by lysosomal invagination. Chaperone mediated autophagy (CMA) is highly selective and is dependent on the chaperone hsc70 for its activity. The effects of all these types are implemented by autophagy related genes. In this review, the markers, activators, inhibitors biological effects and roles of the three classes of autophagy in cancer and obesity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Antony Jacob
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jumah Masoud Mohammad Salmani
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Jiang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Feng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Suzuki J, Nakajima W, Suzuki H, Asano Y, Tanaka N. Chaperone-mediated autophagy promotes lung cancer cell survival through selective stabilization of the pro-survival protein, MCL1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:1334-1340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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134
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Kim H, Greenald D, Vettori A, Markham E, Santhakumar K, Argenton F, van Eeden F. Zebrafish as a model for von Hippel Lindau and hypoxia-inducible factor signaling. Methods Cell Biol 2017; 138:497-523. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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135
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Zhou J, Yang J, Fan X, Hu S, Zhou F, Dong J, Zhang S, Shang Y, Jiang X, Guo H, Chen N, Xiao X, Sheng J, Wu K, Nie Y, Fan D. Chaperone-mediated autophagy regulates proliferation by targeting RND3 in gastric cancer. Autophagy 2016; 12:515-28. [PMID: 26761524 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1136770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
LAMP2A is the key protein of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), downregulation of LAMP2A leads to CMA blockade. CMA activation has been implicated in cancer growth, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. Elevated expression of LAMP2A was found in 8 kinds of tumors (n=747), suggesting that LAMP2A may have an important role in cancer progression. Unsurprisingly, LAMP2A knockdown in gastric cancer (GC) cells hindered proliferation, accompanied with altered expression of cell cycle-related proteins and accumulation of RND3/RhoE. Interactomic and KEGG analysis revealed that RND3 was a putative CMA substrate. Further study demonstrated that RND3 silencing could partly rescue the proliferation arrest induced by LAMP2A knockdown; RND3 was increased upon lysosome inhibition via both chemicals and LAMP2A-shRNA; Furthermore, RND3 could interact with CMA components HSPA8 and LAMP2A, and be engulfed by isolated lysosomes. Thus, constant degradation of RND3 by CMA is required to sustain rapid proliferation of GC cells. At last, the clinical significance of LAMP2A was explored in 593 gastric noncancerous lesions and 173 GC tissues, the results revealed that LAMP2A is a promising biomarker for GC early warning and prognosis of female GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China.,b Department of Gastroenterology , The 264th hospital of PLA , Taiyuan , China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Xing Fan
- c Institute of Plastic Surgery of the Chinese PLA , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Sijun Hu
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Fenli Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Jiaqiang Dong
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Song Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Yulong Shang
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Xiaoming Jiang
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Ningbo University School of Medicine , Zhejiang , China
| | - Hao Guo
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Ning Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Jianqiu Sheng
- e Department of Gastroenterology , General Hospital of Beijing Command , Beijing , China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Daiming Fan
- a State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
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136
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Xilouri M, Stefanis L. Chaperone mediated autophagy in aging: Starve to prosper. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 32:13-21. [PMID: 27484893 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The major lysosomal proteolytic pathways essential for maintaining proper cellular homeostasis are macroautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) and microautophagy. What differentiates CMA from the other types of autophagy is the fact that it does not involve vesicle formation; the unique feature of this pathway is the selective targeting of substrate proteins containing a CMA-targeting motif and the direct translocation into the lysosomal lumen, through the aid of chaperones/co-chaperones localized both at the cytosol and the lysosomes. CMA operates at basal conditions in most mammalian cell models analyzed so far, but it is mostly activated in response to stressors, such as trophic deprivation or oxidative stress. The activity of CMA has been shown to decline with age and such decline, correlating with accumulation of damaged/oxidized/aggregated proteins, may contribute to tissue dysfunction and, possibly, neurodegeneration. Herein, we review the recent knowledge regarding the molecular components, regulation and physiology of the CMA pathway, the contribution of impaired CMA activity to poor cellular homeostasis and inefficient response to stress during aging, and discuss the therapeutic opportunities offered by the restoration of CMA-dependent proteolysis in age-associated degenerative diseases.
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137
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Ding ZB, Fu XT, Shi YH, Zhou J, Peng YF, Liu WR, Shi GM, Gao Q, Wang XY, Song K, Jin L, Tian MX, Shen YH, Fan J. Lamp2a is required for tumor growth and promotes tumor recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2367-2376. [PMID: 27840904 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring the function of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) in cancer has promoted progress in cancer treatment through the regulation of CMA pathways. However, CMA status and function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by focusing on the regulatory role of lyso-some-associated membrane protein type 2a (Lamp2a) remain to be clarified. We examined Lamp2a in a normal human liver cell line, 6 HCC cell lines, 10 normal liver samples as well as 42 HCC tissue and para-tumor tissues samples, and then validated it in 228 HCC patients to assess the relationship between Lamp2a and clinical prognosis. Gain and loss of Lamp2a function were also explored in HCC cell lines and xenograft models. Significantly lower level of Lamp2a expression was found in HCC cells and tissues compared with normal hepatic cells, para-tumor tissues and normal livers. Although no differences in HCC cell morphology or function were observed in relation to Lamp2a expression under normal culture or short-term starvation conditions, Lamp2a blockage significantly inhibited HCC cell viability under prolonged starvation. Critically, Lamp2a is required for HCC xenograft growth in vivo by helping cells to avoid apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation. Furthermore, a significant correlation between Lamp2a expression and tumor size or cumulative recurrence was uncovered in HCC patients. Collectively, the present study shows that impaired Lamp2a expression in HCC contributes to tumor cell viability and promotes tumor growth and recurrence. Targeting chaperone-mediated autophagy through Lamp2a may also imply a potentially novel treatment strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Bin Ding
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Tao Fu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hong Shi
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Fei Peng
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ren Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Ming Shi
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Kang Song
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Jin
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Xin Tian
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hao Shen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Charpentier T, Hammami A, Stäger S. Hypoxia inducible factor 1α: A critical factor for the immune response to pathogens and Leishmania. Cell Immunol 2016; 309:42-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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139
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Wang DW, Peng ZJ, Ren GF, Wang GX. The different roles of selective autophagic protein degradation in mammalian cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37098-116. [PMID: 26415220 PMCID: PMC4741918 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular pathway for bulk protein degradation and the removal of damaged organelles by lysosomes. Autophagy was previously thought to be unselective; however, studies have increasingly confirmed that autophagy-mediated protein degradation is highly regulated. Abnormal autophagic protein degradation has been associated with multiple human diseases such as cancer, neurological disability and cardiovascular disease; therefore, further elucidation of protein degradation by autophagy may be beneficial for protein-based clinical therapies. Macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) can both participate in selective protein degradation in mammalian cells, but the process is quite different in each case. Here, we summarize the various types of macroautophagy and CMA involved in determining protein degradation. For this summary, we divide the autophagic protein degradation pathways into four categories: the post-translational modification dependent and independent CMA pathways and the ubiquitin dependent and independent macroautophagy pathways, and describe how some non-canonical pathways and modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation and arginylation can influence protein degradation by the autophagy lysosome system (ALS). Finally, we comment on why autophagy can serve as either diagnostics or therapeutic targets in different human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen-ju Peng
- Medical Institute of Paediatrics, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guang-fang Ren
- Medical Institute of Paediatrics, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guang-xin Wang
- Medical Institute of Paediatrics, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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140
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Xilouri M, Brekk OR, Polissidis A, Chrysanthou-Piterou M, Kloukina I, Stefanis L. Impairment of chaperone-mediated autophagy induces dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rats. Autophagy 2016; 12:2230-2247. [PMID: 27541985 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1214777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) involves the selective lysosomal degradation of cytosolic proteins such as SNCA (synuclein α), a protein strongly implicated in Parkinson disease (PD) pathogenesis. However, the physiological role of CMA and the consequences of CMA failure in the living brain remain elusive. Here we show that CMA inhibition in the adult rat substantia nigra via adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of short hairpin RNAs targeting the LAMP2A receptor, involved in CMA's rate limiting step, was accompanied by intracellular accumulation of SNCA-positive puncta, which were also positive for UBIQUITIN, and in accumulation of autophagic vacuoles within LAMP2A-deficient nigral neurons. Strikingly, LAMP2A downregulation resulted in progressive loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons, severe reduction in striatal dopamine levels/terminals, increased astro- and microgliosis and relevant motor deficits. Thus, this study highlights for the first time the importance of the CMA pathway in the dopaminergic system and suggests that CMA impairment may underlie PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Xilouri
- a Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Oeystein Roed Brekk
- a Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece.,b University of Crete, School of Medicine , Heraklion , Crete , Greece
| | - Alexia Polissidis
- a Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Margarita Chrysanthou-Piterou
- c Research Unit of Histochemistry and Electron Microscopy , 1st Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital , Athens , Greece
| | - Ismini Kloukina
- d Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece.,e Neurobiology Research Institute, Theodor Theohari Cozzika Foundation , Athens , Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- a Center of Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens , Athens , Greece.,f Second Department of Neurology , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School , Athens , Greece
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141
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Aron-Wisnewsky J, Clement K, Pépin JL. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obstructive sleep apnea. Metabolism 2016; 65:1124-35. [PMID: 27324067 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and more importantly its hallmark, chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), are established factors in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This has been clearly demonstrated in rodent models exposed to intermittent hypoxia, and strong evidence now also exists in both paediatric and adult human populations. OSA and CIH induce insulin-resistance and dyslipidemia which are involved in NAFLD physiopathogenesis. CIH increases the expression of the hypoxia inducible transcription factor HIF1α and that of downstream genes involved in lipogenesis, thereby increasing β-oxidation and consequently exacerbating liver oxidative stress. OSA also disrupts the gut liver axis, increasing intestinal permeability and with a possible role of gut microbiota in the link between OSA and NAFLD. OSA patients should be screened for NAFLD and vice versa those with NAFLD for OSA. To date there is no evidence that treating OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) will improve NAFLD but it might at least stabilize and slow its progression. Nevertheless, these multimorbid patients should be efficiently treated for all their metabolic co-morbidities and be encouraged to follow weight stabilization or weight loss programs and physical activity life style interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Aron-Wisnewsky
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR_S U1166, Nutriomics, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S U1166, Nutriomics, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Karine Clement
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR_S U1166, Nutriomics, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S U1166, Nutriomics, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Pépin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 1042, HP2 Laboratory (Hypoxia: Pathophysiology), Grenoble Alpes Univ., Grenoble, F-38000, France;; Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Pole Thorax et Vaisseaux, F-38000, France.
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142
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Choi H, Merceron C, Mangiavini L, Seifert EL, Schipani E, Shapiro IM, Risbud MV. Hypoxia promotes noncanonical autophagy in nucleus pulposus cells independent of MTOR and HIF1A signaling. Autophagy 2016; 12:1631-46. [PMID: 27314664 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1192753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells reside in the avascular and hypoxic microenvironment of intervertebral discs. Importantly, many activities related to survival and function of NP cells are controlled by the HIF-family of transcription factors. We hypothesize that NP cells adapt to their hypoxic niche through modulation of macroautophagy/autophagy. In various cell types, hypoxia induces autophagy in a HIF1A-dependent fashion; however, little is known about hypoxic regulation of autophagy in NP cells. Hypoxia increases the number of autophagosomes as seen by TEM analysis and LC3-positive puncta in NP cells. Hypoxic induction of autophagy was also demonstrated by a significantly higher number of autophagosomes and smaller change in autolysosomes in NP cells expressing tandem-mCherry-EGFP-LC3B. Increased LC3-II levels were not accompanied by a concomitant increase in BECN1 or the ATG12-ATG5 complex. In addition, ULK1 phosphorylation at Ser757 and Ser777 responsive to MTOR and AMPK, respectively, was not affected in hypoxia. Interestingly, when MTOR activity was inhibited by rapamycin or Torin1, LC3-II levels did not change, suggesting a novel MTOR-independent regulation. Noteworthy, while silencing of HIF1A affected hypoxic induction of BNIP3, it did not affect LC3-II levels, indicating hypoxia-induced autophagy is HIF1-independent. Importantly, there was no change in the number of LC3-positive autophagosomes in NP-specific Hif1a null mice. Finally, inhibition of autophagic flux did not affect the glycolytic metabolism of NP cells, suggesting a possible nonmetabolic role of autophagy. Taken together, our study for the first time shows that NP cells regulate autophagy in a noncanonical fashion independent of MTOR and HIF1A signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyowon Choi
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Christophe Merceron
- b Department of Orthopedic Surgery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,c Inserm, UMRS 791-LIOAD, Center for Osteoarticular and Dental Tissue Engineering, Group STEP 'Skeletal Tissue Engineering and Physiopathology' , Nantes , France.,d LUNAM, Nantes University, Faculty of Dental Surgery , Nantes , France
| | - Laura Mangiavini
- b Department of Orthopedic Surgery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,e Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology , Milano-Bicocca University , Monza ( MB ), Italy
| | - Erin L Seifert
- f Department of Pathology , Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Ernestina Schipani
- b Department of Orthopedic Surgery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,g Department of Medicine , Division of Endocrinology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology , Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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143
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A causal link from ALK to hexokinase II overexpression and hyperactive glycolysis in EML4-ALK-positive lung cancer. Oncogene 2016; 35:6132-6142. [PMID: 27132509 PMCID: PMC5093092 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A high rate of aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of malignant transformation. Accumulating evidence suggests that diverse regulatory mechanisms mediate this cancer-associated metabolic change seen in a wide spectrum of cancer. The echinoderm microtubule associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion protein is found in approximately 3-7% of non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). Molecular evidence and therapeutic effectiveness of FDA-approved ALK inhibitors indicated that EML4-ALK is a driving factor of lung tumorigenesis. A recent clinical study showed that NSCLC harboring EML4-ALK rearrangements displayed higher glucose metabolism compared to EML4-ALK-negative NSCLC. In the current work, we presented evidence that EML4-ALK is coupled to overexpression of hexokinase II (HK2), one of the rate-limiting enzymes of the glycolytic pathway. The link from EML4-ALK to HK2 upregulation is essential for a high rate of glycolysis and proliferation of EML4-ALK-rearranged NSCLC cells. We identified hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) as a key transcription factor to drive HK2 gene expression in normoxia in these cells. EML4-ALK induced hypoxia-independent but glucose-dependent accumulation of HIF1α protein via both transcriptional activation of HIF1α mRNA and the PI3K-AKT pathway to enhance HIF1α protein synthesis. The EML4-ALK-mediated upregulation of HIF1α, HK2 and glycolytic metabolism was also highly active in vivo as demonstrated by FDG-PET imaging of xenografts grown from EML4-ALK-positive NSCLC cells. Our data reveal a novel EML4-ALK-HIF1α-HK2 cascade to enhance glucose metabolism in EML4-ALK-positive NSCLC.
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144
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Abstract
The nutrient demands of cancer cannot be met by normal cell metabolism. Cancer cells undergo dramatic alteration of metabolic pathways in a process called reprogramming, characterized by increased nutrient uptake and re-purposing of these fuels for biosynthetic, bioenergetic or signaling pathways. Partitioning carbon sources toward growth and away from ATP production necessitates other means of generating energy for biosynthetic reactions. Additionally, cancer cell adaptations frequently lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species and lactic acid, which can be beneficial to cancer growth but also are potentially toxic and must be appropriately cleared. Sirtuins are a family of deacylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases with clear links to regulation of cancer metabolism. Through their unique ability to integrate cellular stress and nutrient status with coordination of metabolic outputs, sirtuins are well poised to play pivotal roles in tumor progression and survival. Here, we review the multi-faceted duties of sirtuins in tackling the metabolic hurdles in cancer. We focus on both beneficial and adverse effects of sirtuins in the regulation of energetic, biosynthetic and toxicity barriers faced by cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J German
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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145
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Selfridge AC, Cavadas MAS, Scholz CC, Campbell EL, Welch LC, Lecuona E, Colgan SP, Barrett KE, Sporn PHS, Sznajder JI, Cummins EP, Taylor CT. Hypercapnia Suppresses the HIF-dependent Adaptive Response to Hypoxia. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:11800-8. [PMID: 27044749 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.713941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular oxygen and carbon dioxide are the primary gaseous substrate and product of oxidative metabolism, respectively. Hypoxia (low oxygen) and hypercapnia (high carbon dioxide) are co-incidental features of the tissue microenvironment in a range of pathophysiologic states, including acute and chronic respiratory diseases. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the master regulator of the transcriptional response to hypoxia; however, little is known about the impact of hypercapnia on gene transcription. Because of the relationship between hypoxia and hypercapnia, we investigated the effect of hypercapnia on the HIF pathway. Hypercapnia suppressed HIF-α protein stability and HIF target gene expression both in mice and cultured cells in a manner that was at least in part independent of the canonical O2-dependent HIF degradation pathway. The suppressive effects of hypercapnia on HIF-α protein stability could be mimicked by reducing intracellular pH at a constant level of partial pressure of CO2 Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase that blocks lysosomal degradation, prevented the hypercapnic suppression of HIF-α protein. Based on these results, we hypothesize that hypercapnia counter-regulates activation of the HIF pathway by reducing intracellular pH and promoting lysosomal degradation of HIF-α subunits. Therefore, hypercapnia may play a key role in the pathophysiology of diseases where HIF is implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel A S Cavadas
- Conway Institute, and Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Carsten C Scholz
- From the School of Medicine and Medical Science, Conway Institute, and Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland, the Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric L Campbell
- the University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Lynn C Welch
- the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, and
| | - Emilia Lecuona
- the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, and
| | - Sean P Colgan
- the University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Kim E Barrett
- From the School of Medicine and Medical Science, Conway Institute, and
| | - Peter H S Sporn
- the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, and the Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Jacob I Sznajder
- the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, and
| | - Eoin P Cummins
- From the School of Medicine and Medical Science, Conway Institute, and
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- From the School of Medicine and Medical Science, Conway Institute, and Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland,
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146
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DePavia A, Jonasch E, Liu XD. Autophagy degrades hypoxia inducible factors. Mol Cell Oncol 2016; 3:e1104428. [PMID: 27308629 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2015.1104428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factors are subjected to degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), macroautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy. The E3 ligases, ubiquitination, autophagy receptor proteins, and oxygen are determinants that direct hypoxia-inducible factors to different degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela DePavia
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Jonasch
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xian-De Liu
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
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147
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Schober AS, Berra E. DUBs, New Members in the Hypoxia Signaling clUb. Front Oncol 2016; 6:53. [PMID: 27014628 PMCID: PMC4783435 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular protein homeostasis is tightly regulated by ubiquitination. Responsible for target protein ubiquitination is a class of enzymes, the so-called ubiquitin E3 ligases. They are opposed to a second class of enzymes, called deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), which can remove polyubiquitin chains from their specific target proteins. The coaction of the two sets of enzymes allows the cell to adapt its overall protein content and the abundance of particular proteins to a variety of cellular and environmental stresses, including hypoxia. In recent years, DUBs have been highlighted to play major roles in many diseases, including cancer, both as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Therefore, DUBs are emerging as promising targets for cancer-cell specific treatment. Here, we will review the current understanding of DUBs implicated in the control of hypoxia-inducible factor, the regulation of DUBs by hypoxia, and the use of DUB-specific drugs to target tumor hypoxia-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie S Schober
- Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias, CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Spain; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Center for Cell Imaging, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Edurne Berra
- Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias, CIC bioGUNE , Derio , Spain
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148
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Tasset I, Cuervo AM. Role of chaperone-mediated autophagy in metabolism. FEBS J 2016; 283:2403-13. [PMID: 26854402 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Different types of autophagy coexist in most mammalian cells, and each of them fulfills very specific tasks in intracellular degradation. Some of these autophagic pathways contribute to cellular metabolism by directly hydrolyzing intracellular lipid stores and glycogen. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), in contrast, is a selective form of autophagy that can only target proteins for lysosomal degradation. Consequently, it was expected that the only possible contribution of this pathway to cellular metabolism would be by providing free amino acids resulting from protein breakdown. However, recent studies have demonstrated that disturbance in CMA leads to important alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism and in overall organism energetics. Here, we describe the unique mechanisms by which CMA contributes to the regulation of cellular metabolism and discuss the possible implications of these previously unknown functions of CMA for the pathogenesis of common metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Tasset
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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149
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Luo W, Chen I, Chen Y, Alkam D, Wang Y, Semenza GL. PRDX2 and PRDX4 are negative regulators of hypoxia-inducible factors under conditions of prolonged hypoxia. Oncotarget 2016; 7:6379-97. [PMID: 26837221 PMCID: PMC4872721 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) control the transcription of genes that are crucial for the pathogenesis of cancer and other human diseases. The transcriptional activity of HIFs is rapidly increased upon exposure to hypoxia, but expression of some HIF target genes decreases during prolonged hypoxia. However, the underlying mechanism for feedback inhibition is not completely understood. Here, we report that peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) and PRDX4 interact with HIF-1α and HIF-2α in vitro and in hypoxic HeLa cells. Prolonged hypoxia increases the nuclear translocation of PRDX2 and PRDX4. As a result, PRDX2 and PRDX4 impair HIF-1 and HIF-2 binding to the hypoxia response elements of a subset of HIF target genes, thereby inhibiting gene transcription in cells exposed to prolonged hypoxia. PRDX2 and PRDX4 have no effect on the recruitment of p300 and RNA polymerase II to HIF target genes and the enzymatic activity of PRDX2 and PRDX4 is not required for inhibition of HIF-1 and HIF-2. We also demonstrate that PRDX2 is a direct HIF target gene and that PRDX2 expression is induced by prolonged hypoxia. These findings uncover a novel feedback mechanism for inhibition of HIF transcriptional activity under conditions of prolonged hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Luo
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Chen
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Duah Alkam
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yingfei Wang
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gregg L. Semenza
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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150
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Chen RF, Zhang T, Sun YY, Sun YM, Chen WQ, Shi N, Shen F, Zhang Y, Liu KY, Sun XJ. Oxygen-glucose deprivation regulates BACE1 expression through induction of autophagy in Neuro-2a/APP695 cells. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:1433-40. [PMID: 26604904 PMCID: PMC4625509 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.165511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous findings have demonstrated that autophagy regulation can alleviate the decline of learning and memory by eliminating deposition of extracellular beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in the brain after stroke, but the exact mechanism is unclear. It is presumed that the regulation of beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), the rate-limiting enzyme in metabolism of Aβ, would be a key site. Neuro-2a/amyloid precursor protein 695 (APP695) cell models of cerebral ischemia were established by oxygen-glucose deprivation to investigate the effects of Rapamycin (an autophagy inducer) or 3-methyladenine (an autophagy inhibitor) on the expression of BACE1. Either oxygen-glucose deprivation or Rapamycin down-regulated the expression of BACE1 while 3-methyladenine up-regulated BACE1 expression. These results confirm that oxygen-glucose deprivation down-regulates BACE1 expression in Neuro-2a/APP695 cells through the introduction of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin-Yi Sun
- Department of Neurology, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Meng Sun
- Department of Neurology, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Qi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shi
- Zhoupu Hospital, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Shen
- Department of Neurology, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Zhoupu Hospital, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang-Yong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ; Zhoupu Hospital, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Sun
- Department of Neurology, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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