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Pázmándi K, Sütő M, Fekete T, Varga A, Boldizsár E, Boldogh I, Bácsi A. Oxidized base 8-oxoguanine, a product of DNA repair processes, contributes to dendritic cell activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:209-220. [PMID: 31408726 PMCID: PMC6848796 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the airways caused by exposure to gas phase pollutants or particulate matter are able to activate dendritic cells (DCs); however, the exact mechanisms are still unclear. When present in excess, ROS can modify macromolecules including DNA. One of the most abundant DNA base lesions is 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), which is repaired by the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1)-initiated base excision repair (BER) (OGG1-BER) pathway. Studies have also demonstrated that in addition to its role in repairing oxidized purines, OGG1 has guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity when bound to 8-oxoG. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that exposure to 8-oxoG, the specific product of OGG1-BER, induces functional changes of DCs. Supporting our hypothesis, transcriptome analysis revealed that in mouse lungs, out of 95 genes associated with DCs' function, 22 or 42 were significantly upregulated after a single or multiple intranasal 8-oxoG challenges, respectively. In a murine model of allergic airway inflammation, significantly increased serum levels of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE antibodies were detected in mice sensitized via nasal challenges with OVA+8-oxoG compared to those challenged with OVA alone. Furthermore, exposure of primary human monocyte-derived DCs (moDC) to 8-oxoG base resulted in significantly enhanced expression of cell surface molecules (CD40, CD86, CD83, HLA-DQ) and augmented the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators IL-6, TNF and IL-8, whereas it did not considerably influence the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The stimulatory effects of 8-oxoG on human moDCs were abolished upon siRNA-mediated OGG1 depletion. Collectively, these data suggest that OGG1-BER-generated 8-oxoG base-driven cell signaling activates DCs, which may contribute to initiation of both the innate and adaptive immune responses under conditions of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitti Pázmándi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Máté Sütő
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Tünde Fekete
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Aliz Varga
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Eszter Boldizsár
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - István Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Attila Bácsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary.
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102
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Liu D, Mariman R, Gerlofs-Nijland ME, Boere JF, Folkerts G, Cassee FR, Pinelli E. Microbiome composition of airborne particulate matter from livestock farms and their effect on innate immune receptors and cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:1298-1307. [PMID: 31726559 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Patients with respiratory diseases in rural areas have been reported to have enhanced responsiveness to ambient particulate matter (PM). In addition to the physical and chemical components, ambient PM can contain microorganisms or parts thereof, referred here as BioPM, that can also contribute to the adverse health effects. This study aimed to characterize the microbial composition of BioPM originating from livestock, and to investigate whether these BioPM can trigger the activation of innate receptors and cells. Coarse (PM2.5-10 μm) and fine (PM<2.5 μm) BioPM samples were collected from indoor chicken, pig and goat farms using the versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system (VACES) connected to a Biosampler. The fungal and bacterial communities were assessed with an amplicon based approach using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). In parallel, HEK-Blue cells expressing different pattern recognition receptors (Toll like receptors (TLR) 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 and NOD 1, 2) and a human monocytic cell line (MM6) were exposed to BioPM samples from these sites. Distinct airborne microbiota profiles associated with the corresponding animal farm were observed. Moreover, the various BioPM contained mainly ligands for TLR2 and TLR4 resulting in a concentration-dependent increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by MM6 cells. In addition, we show for the first time that only the pig-derived BioPM induced TLR5 activation. These findings suggest that animal farm specific BioPM trigger distinct inflammatory responses, which may contribute to airway diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyu Liu
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rob Mariman
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | | | - John F Boere
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elena Pinelli
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
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103
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Radermecker C, Sabatel C, Vanwinge C, Ruscitti C, Maréchal P, Perin F, Schyns J, Rocks N, Toussaint M, Cataldo D, Johnston SL, Bureau F, Marichal T. Locally instructed CXCR4 hi neutrophils trigger environment-driven allergic asthma through the release of neutrophil extracellular traps. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1444-1455. [PMID: 31591573 PMCID: PMC6859073 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Low exposure to microbial products, respiratory viral infections and air pollution is a major risk factor for allergic asthma, yet the mechanistic links between such conditions and host susceptibility to type 2 allergic disorders remain unclear. Through the use of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we characterized lung neutrophils in mice exposed to a pro-allergic, low dose of lipopolysaccharides (LPSlo) or a protective, high dose of LPS (LPShi) before exposure to house dust mite (HDM). Unlike exposure to LPShi, exposure to LPSlo instructed recruited neutrophils to upregulate the expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and to release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The LPSlo-induced neutrophils and NETs potentiated the uptake of HDM by CD11b+Ly-6C+ dendritic cells (DCs) and type 2 allergic airway inflammation in response to HDM. NETs derived from CXCR4hi neutrophils were also needed to mediate allergic asthma triggered by infection with influenza virus or exposure to ozone. Our study indicates that apparently unrelated environmental risk factors can shape recruited lung neutrophils to promote the initiation of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coraline Radermecker
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Catherine Sabatel
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Céline Vanwinge
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Cecilia Ruscitti
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Pauline Maréchal
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Perin
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Joey Schyns
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Natacha Rocks
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marie Toussaint
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | - Didier Cataldo
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Sebastian L Johnston
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK.,Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, UK
| | - Fabrice Bureau
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium. .,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, Belgium. .,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Wallonia, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Marichal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium. .,Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium. .,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, Belgium. .,Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Wallonia, Belgium.
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104
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Chandrasekhar JL, Cox KM, Loo WM, Qiao H, Tung KS, Erickson LD. Cutaneous Exposure to Clinically Relevant Lone Star Ticks Promotes IgE Production and Hypersensitivity through CD4 + T Cell- and MyD88-Dependent Pathways in Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:813-824. [PMID: 31270149 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tick-borne allergies are a growing public health concern and have been associated with the induction of IgE-mediated food allergy to red meat. However, despite the increasing prevalence of tick bite-induced allergies, the mechanisms by which cutaneous exposure to ticks leads to sensitization and the production of IgE Abs are poorly understood. To address this question, an in vivo approach was used to characterize the IgE response to lone star tick proteins administered through the skin of mice. The results demonstrated that tick sensitization and challenge induced a robust production of IgE Abs and supported a role for IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions in sensitized animals following oral administration of meat. The induction of IgE responses was dependent on cognate CD4+ T cell help during both the sensitization phase and challenge phase with cutaneous tick exposure. In addition, IgE production was dependent on B cell-intrinsic MyD88 expression, suggesting an important role for TLR signaling in B cells to induce IgE responses to tick proteins. This model of tick-induced IgE responses could be used to study the factors within tick bites that cause allergies and to investigate how sensitization to food Ags occurs through the skin that leads to IgE production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Chandrasekhar
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Kelly M Cox
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - William M Loo
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Hui Qiao
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Kenneth S Tung
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908.,Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Loren D Erickson
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; .,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
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105
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Hyde EJ, Wakelin KA, Daniels NJ, Ghosh S, Ronchese F. Similar immune mechanisms control experimental airway eosinophilia elicited by different allergens and treatment protocols. BMC Immunol 2019; 20:18. [PMID: 31164097 PMCID: PMC6549380 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-019-0295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mouse models have been extremely valuable in identifying the fundamental mechanisms of airway inflammation that underlie human allergic asthma. Several models are commonly used, employing different methods and routes of sensitisation, and allergens of varying clinical relevance. Although all models elicit similar hallmarks of allergic airway inflammation, including airway eosinophilia, goblet cell hyperplasia and cellular infiltration in lung, it is not established whether they do so by involving the same mechanisms. Results We compared the impact of inactivation of various innate or adaptive immune genes, as well as sex, in different models of allergic airway inflammation in mice of C57BL/6 background. Chicken ovalbumin (OVA) and house dust mite (HDM) were used as allergens in settings of single or multiple intranasal (i.n.) challenges, after sensitisation in adjuvant or in adjuvant-free conditions. Eosinophil numbers in the broncho-alveolar lavage and lung histopathology were assessed in each model. We found that Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (MHCII) deficiency and lack of conventional CD4+ T cells had the most profound effect, essentially ablating airway eosinophilia and goblet cell hyperplasia in all models. In contrast, Thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor (TSLPR) deficiency greatly reduced eosinophilia but had a variable effect on goblet cells. CD1d deficiency and lack of Natural Killer T (NKT) cells moderately impaired inflammation in OVA models but not HDM, whereas sex affected the response to HDM but not OVA. Lastly, defective Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 expression had only a relatively modest overall impact on inflammation. Conclusion All the models studied were comparably dependent on adaptive CD4+ T cell responses and TSLP. In contrast, sex, NKT cells and TLR4 appeared to play subtler and more variable roles that were dependent on the type of allergen and mode of immunization and challenge. These results are consistent with clinical data suggesting a key role of CD4+ T cells and TSLP in patients with allergic asthma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12865-019-0295-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn J Hyde
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Kirsty A Wakelin
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Naomi J Daniels
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Sayani Ghosh
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Franca Ronchese
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand.
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106
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Houston S. Stephanie Eisenbarth: Discovering the bigger picture. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1003-1004. [PMID: 31010897 PMCID: PMC6504210 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stephanie Eisenbarth is an Associate Professor in the Immunology Faculty at Yale University. Her work has shown that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dock8 plays a role in the migration of a specific dendritic cell subset, and that when Dock8 is missing, some dendritic cells can no longer prime CD4+ T cells. Stephanie's laboratory now focuses on understanding how T cell-driven pathology is initiated. We chatted with Stephanie to find out about her journey in science.
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107
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Kumar S, Jeong Y, Ashraf MU, Bae YS. Dendritic Cell-Mediated Th2 Immunity and Immune Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092159. [PMID: 31052382 PMCID: PMC6539046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the professional antigen-presenting cells that recognize and present antigens to naïve T cells to induce antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Among the T-cell subsets, T helper type 2 (Th2) cells produce the humoral immune responses required for protection against helminthic disease by activating B cells. DCs induce a Th2 immune response at a certain immune environment. Basophil, eosinophil, mast cells, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells also induce Th2 immunity. However, in the case of DCs, controversy remains regarding which subsets of DCs induce Th2 immunity, which genes in DCs are directly or indirectly involved in inducing Th2 immunity, and the detailed mechanisms underlying induction, regulation, or maintenance of the DC-mediated Th2 immunity against allergic environments and parasite infection. A recent study has shown that a genetic defect in DCs causes an enhanced Th2 immunity leading to severe atopic dermatitis. We summarize the Th2 immune-inducing DC subsets, the genetic and environmental factors involved in DC-mediated Th2 immunity, and current therapeutic approaches for Th2-mediated immune disorders. This review is to provide an improved understanding of DC-mediated Th2 immunity and Th1/Th2 immune balancing, leading to control over their adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Yideul Jeong
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Umer Ashraf
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
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108
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Ogino K, Nagaoka K, Ito T, Takemoto K, Okuda T, Nakayama SF, Ogino N, Seki Y, Hamada H, Takashiba S, Fujikura Y. Involvement of PM2.5-bound protein and metals in PM2.5-induced allergic airway inflammation in mice. Inhal Toxicol 2019; 30:498-508. [PMID: 30849251 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1561769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the protein and trace element components of PM2.5 and their contribution to the allergic airway inflammation in BALB/c mice. METHODS PM2.5, treated at high temperature and with a strong acid to hydrolyze any protein content and remove trace elements, was administered to BALB/c mice. Allergic airway inflammation was compared between the three groups (saline, pure PM2.5 and treated PM2.5) by evaluating airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells, serum IgE, the mRNA of various cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, eotaxin-1 and CXCL3), mucus protein mRNA (MUC5ac and MUC5b) and the filtration of inflammatory cells in the lung. RESULTS The treatment of PM2.5 with a strong acid at a high temperature attenuated AHR, eosinophil percentage in BALF, mRNA levels of IL-13 and CXCL3 and peribronchial inflammation. On the contrary, the percentage of neutrophils in BALF, mRNA expression of MIP2α, EGFR, Nrf2, and TLR4 and 4-OH-2-nonenal levels in the lung was increased. Moreover, the treatment of the PM2.5 reduced PM2.5-bound proteins as well as the percentages of the trace elements in PM2.5 in the order Zn > Cu > Pb > P > S > Mn > Fe > Ca > Ni, whereas the percentage of C, Si and Cl increased. CONCLUSIONS PM2.5 collected by of the cyclone system induced allergic airway inflammation in mice. PM2.5-bound proteins and acid-soluble metals may be involved in the pathogenesis of PM2.5-induced allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiki Ogino
- a Department of Public Health , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science , Okayama , Japan
| | - Kenjiro Nagaoka
- a Department of Public Health , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science , Okayama , Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ito
- a Department of Public Health , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science , Okayama , Japan
| | - Kei Takemoto
- a Department of Public Health , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science , Okayama , Japan
| | - Tomoaki Okuda
- b Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , Yokohama , Japan
| | - Shoji F Nakayama
- c Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Integrated Health Risk Assessment Section , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Ogino
- a Department of Public Health , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science , Okayama , Japan.,d Third Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine , University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu , Japan
| | - Yuka Seki
- a Department of Public Health , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science , Okayama , Japan
| | - Hiroki Hamada
- e Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Food Preventive Medicine , Okayama University of Science , Okayama , Japan
| | - Shogo Takashiba
- f Department of Patho-Physiology, Division of Periodontal Science , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine , Okayama , Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujikura
- g Department of Anatomy, Biology and Medicine, Division of Morphological Analysis, Faculty of Medicine , Oita University , Oita , Japan
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109
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Gurram RK, Zhu J. Orchestration between ILC2s and Th2 cells in shaping type 2 immune responses. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 16:225-235. [PMID: 30792500 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The type 2 immune response is critical for host defense against large parasites such as helminths. On the other hand, dysregulation of the type 2 immune response may cause immunopathological conditions, including asthma, atopic dermatitis, rhinitis, and anaphylaxis. Thus, a balanced type 2 immune response must be achieved to mount effective protection against invading pathogens while avoiding immunopathology. The classical model of type 2 immunity mainly involves the differentiation of type 2 T helper (Th2) cells and the production of distinct type 2 cytokines, including interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) were recently recognized as another important source of type 2 cytokines. Although eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils can also express type 2 cytokines and participate in type 2 immune responses to various degrees, the production of type 2 cytokines by the lymphoid lineages, Th2 cells, and ILC2s in particular is the central event during the type 2 immune response. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how ILC2s and Th2 cells orchestrate type 2 immune responses through direct and indirect interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Krishna Gurram
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Bronchial epithelial cells of young and old mice directly regulate the differentiation of Th2 and Th17. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181948. [PMID: 30541898 PMCID: PMC6356035 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether or not house dust mite (HDM) and HDM+lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure causes a difference in T-cell subsets from young and old mice. The bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) from young and old mice were divided into three groups (PBS (control), HDM, and HDM+LPS). CD4+ naive T cells from the spleen and lymph nodes were collected after 24 h of co-culture with BECs. The number of Th2 and Th17 cells was elevated in the HDM and HDM+LPS groups compared with the control group; these responses were exacerbated when exposed to HDM+LPS. The number of HDM- and HDM+LPS-specific Th2/Th17 cells in young mice was higher than old mice; however, the Th2:Th17 cell ratio was greater in young mice, whereas the Th17:Th2 cell ratio was greater in old mice. The expression of GATA-3 and RORc was increased in the HDM+LPS and HDM groups compared with the PBS group and exhibited most in HDM+LPS group. The expression of HDM+LPS-specific GATA-3 in young mice was higher, while the expression of HDM+LPS-specific RORc in old mice was higher. Murine BECs directly regulated CD4+ naive T-cell differentiation under allergen exposure.
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111
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He M, Ichinose T, Yoshida S, Nishikawa M, Sun G, Shibamoto T. Role of iron and oxidative stress in the exacerbation of allergic inflammation in murine lungs caused by urban particulate matter <2.5 μm and desert dust. J Appl Toxicol 2019; 39:855-867. [PMID: 30698282 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous exposure of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and urban particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) or desert dust exacerbated murine asthma. In the present study, the role of iron (Fe) contained in particles and oxidative stress was investigated using Fe chelator deferoxamine (DFO) and oxidative stress scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in a murine asthma model exacerbated by LPS + PM2.5 or LPS + Asian sand dust (ASD). When BALB/c mice were intratracheally challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) + LPS and either urban PM2.5 or ASD, LPS + PM2.5 and LPS + ASD caused exacerbation of OVA-induced lung eosinophilia along with T-helper 2 cytokine and eosinophil-relevant chemokine production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as the production of OVA-specific IgE in serum. LPS + PM2.5 with NAC tended to reduce the lung eosinophilia compared to the LPS + PM2.5 host, whereas LPS + PM2.5 with DFO did not reduce them. LPS + ASD with NAC moderately reduced the lung eosinophilia compared to the LPS + ASD host. LPS + ASD with DFO drastically reduced the lung eosinophilia compared to the LPS + ASD host. The concentration of Fe in urban PM2.5 and ASD were almost the same. However, the concentrations of trace metals Pb, Cu, As, Ni, Cr, Mo, Sb, Co, Se and Cd were greater in PM2.5 than in ASD. These results suggested that Fe and oxidative stress are at least partly involved in lung eosinophilia exacerbation caused by LPS + ASD. However, trace metals (except Fe) might also be involved in lung eosinophilia exacerbated by LPS + PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Liaoning Province; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Takamichi Ichinose
- Department of Health Sciences, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Oita, 870-1201, Japan
| | - Seiichi Yoshida
- Department of Health Sciences, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Oita, 870-1201, Japan
| | - Masataka Nishikawa
- Environmental Chemistry Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Guifan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Liaoning Province; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Takayuki Shibamoto
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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112
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Huang C, Wang J, Zheng X, Chen Y, Wei H, Sun R, Tian Z. Activation of TLR Signaling in Sensitization-Recruited Inflammatory Monocytes Attenuates OVA-Induced Allergic Asthma. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2591. [PMID: 30510553 PMCID: PMC6252340 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is widely reported to be involved in preventing the development of allergic asthma. However, the mechanism of the protective function of TLR signaling remains limited. Here, we studied the mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma and found that deficiency of TLR signaling or activating TLR signaling with agonist would aggravate or attenuate OVA-induced allergic asthma, respectively, and TLR signaling-mediated protective effect mainly affected the sensitization phase. After OVA/alum sensitization, neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes were recruited into peritoneal cavity and up-regulated TLRs expression. However, adoptive transfer of inflammatory monocytes but not peritoneal macrophages or neutrophils induced allergic symptoms in recipient mice after OVA challenge even without OVA/alum sensitization, and treating the inflammatory monocytes with TLR agonist in vitro before transfer could abolish this effect, indicating that recruited inflammatory monocytes played a determinant role in OVA-induced allergic asthma, and activation of TLR signaling in them could attenuate allergic symptoms. Finally, we found that activation of TLR signaling could increase the expression of T-helper (Th) 1-associated cytokines in inflammatory monocytes. Our results suggest that activation of TLR signaling in sensitization-recruited inflammatory monocytes attenuates OVA-induced allergic asthma by promoting the expression of Th1-associated cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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113
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Zhang J, Chen J, Robinson C. Cellular and Molecular Events in the Airway Epithelium Defining the Interaction Between House Dust Mite Group 1 Allergens and Innate Defences. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3549. [PMID: 30423826 PMCID: PMC6274810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Serodominant group 1 allergens of house dust mites (HDMs) are cysteine protease digestive enzymes. By increasing the detection of any allergen by dendritic antigen presenting cells, upregulating inflammatory signalling molecules, and activating cells crucial to the transition from innate to acquired immune responses, the proteolytic activity of these HDM allergens also underlies their behaviour as inhalant allergens. The significance of this property is underlined by the attenuation of allergic responses to HDMs by novel inhibitors in experimental models. The group 1 HDM allergens act as prothrombinases, enabling them to operate the canonical stimulation of protease activated receptors 1 and 4. This leads to the ligation of Toll-like receptor 4, which is an indispensable component in HDM allergy development, and reactive oxidant-regulated gene expression. Intermediate steps involve epidermal growth factor receptor ligation, activation of a disintegrin and metalloproteases, and the opening of pannexons. Elements of this transduction pathway are shared with downstream signalling from biosensors which bind viral RNA, suggesting a mechanistic linkage between allergens and respiratory viruses in disease exacerbations. This review describes recent progress in the characterisation of an arterial route which links innate responses to inhaled allergens to events underpinning the progression of allergy to unrelated allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Zhang
- Institute for Infection & Immunity, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom.
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Infection & Immunity, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom.
| | - Clive Robinson
- Institute for Infection & Immunity, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom.
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114
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Ahmad S, Azid NA, Boer JC, Lim J, Chen X, Plebanski M, Mohamud R. The Key Role of TNF-TNFR2 Interactions in the Modulation of Allergic Inflammation: A Review. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2572. [PMID: 30473698 PMCID: PMC6238659 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine, which is thought to play a major role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including allergy. TNF is produced at the early stage of allergen sensitization, and then continues to promote the inflammation cascade in the effector phase of allergic reactions. Consequently, anti-TNF treatment has been proposed as a potential therapeutic option. However, recent studies reveal anti-intuitive effects of TNF in the activation and proliferative expansion of immunosuppressive Tregs, tolerogenic DCs and MDSCs. This immunosuppressive effect of TNF is mediated by TNFR2, which is preferentially expressed by immunosuppressive cells. These findings redefine the role of TNF in allergic reaction, and suggest that targeting TNF-TNFR2 interaction itself may represent a novel strategy in the treatment of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhana Ahmad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azrini Azid
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer C Boer
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - JitKang Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | | | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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115
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Michels KR, Lukacs NW, Fonseca W. TLR Activation and Allergic Disease: Early Life Microbiome and Treatment. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2018; 18:61. [PMID: 30259206 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-018-0815-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Allergy and asthma are growing problems in the developed world. The accelerated increase of these diseases may be related to microbiome modification that leads to aberrant activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Current research supports the concept that changes in microbial communities in early life impact TLR activation, resulting in an altered risk for the development of asthma and allergies. RECENT FINDINGS Prenatal and early childhood events that generate microbiome modification are closely related with TLR activation. Early childhood exposure to a rich array of TLR agonists, particularly lipopolysaccharide, strongly predicts protection against allergic disease later in life even when other lifestyle factors are accounted for. Genetic deletion of TLR signaling components in mice results in reduced function of tolerogenic cell populations in the gut. In contrast, weak TLR signaling can promote allergic sensitization later in life. This review summarizes the role of TLR signaling in microbiome-mediated protection against allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R Michels
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Nicholas W Lukacs
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wendy Fonseca
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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116
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Jepsen CS, Dubey LK, Colmorten KB, Moeller JB, Hammond MA, Nielsen O, Schlosser A, Templeton SP, Sorensen GL, Holmskov U. FIBCD1 Binds Aspergillus fumigatus and Regulates Lung Epithelial Response to Cell Wall Components. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1967. [PMID: 30279687 PMCID: PMC6153955 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) is a ubiquitous fungus of clinical importance associated with development of various pulmonary diseases and allergic hypersensitivity reactions. It is protected against environmental stress by a cell wall that contains polysaccharides such as chitin. We previously demonstrated that fibrinogen C domain-containing protein 1 (FIBCD1) is a membrane-bound protein that binds chitin through a conserved S1 binding site and is expressed in intestinal epithelium and salivary glands. Here, we further localized FIBCD1 protein expression at the surface of bronchial and alveolar human lung epithelium, observed recognition of A. fumigatus cell wall with S1 site-independent recognition. We observed FIBCD1-mediated suppression of IL-8 secretion, mucin production, and transcription of genes associated with airway inflammation and homeostasis in FIBCD1-transfected lung epithelial cells. These modulations were generally enforced by stimulation with A. fumigatus cell wall polysaccharides. In parallel, we demonstrated a FIBCD1-mediated modulation of IL-8 secretion induced by TLR2,−4, and −5. Collectively, our findings support FIBCD1 as a human lung epithelial pattern recognition receptor that recognizes the complex A. fumigatus cell wall polysaccharides and modulates the lung epithelial inflammatory response by suppressing inflammatory mediators and mucins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Schoeler Jepsen
- Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lalit Kumar Dubey
- Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kimmie B Colmorten
- Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jesper B Moeller
- Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mark A Hammond
- Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ole Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders Schlosser
- Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Steven P Templeton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
| | - Grith L Sorensen
- Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uffe Holmskov
- Cancer and Inflammation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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117
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Roque K, Shin KM, Jo JH, Lim GD, Song ES, Shin SJ, Gautam R, Lee JH, Kim YG, Cho AR, Kim CY, Kim HJ, Lee MS, Oh HG, Lee BC, Kim JH, Kim KH, Jeong HK, Kim HA, Heo Y. Association between endotoxin levels in dust from indoor swine housing environments and the immune responses of pigs. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:331-338. [PMID: 29366303 PMCID: PMC5974514 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoor animal husbandry environments are inevitably contaminated with endotoxins. Endotoxin exposure is associated with various inflammatory illnesses in animals. This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationship between the degree of endotoxin exposure and the cellular and humoral immune profiles of fattening pigs. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of 47 pigs from ten pig farms in Korea. Whole blood cell counts and plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) classes were determined. Peripheral-blood mononuclear cells were stimulated in vitro with concanavalin A for 48 h, and cytokines released into culture supernatants were measured. The barns in which the pigs lived were assessed for endotoxin levels in the total and respirable dust by using the limulus amebocyte lysate kinetic QCL method. Low and high endotoxin exposures were defined as ≤ 30 and > 30 EU/m3, respectively. Compared to pigs with low endotoxin exposure (n = 19), highly exposed pigs (n = 28) had higher circulating neutrophil and lymphocyte (particularly B cells) counts, IgG and IgE levels, interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and interleukin (IL)-4 productions, and lower IgA levels and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) production. The IL-4, IFNγ, and TNFα levels significantly correlated with endotoxin level and/or pig age. Constant exposure of pigs to high levels of airborne endotoxins can lead to aberrant immune profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Roque
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Shin
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jo
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Gyeong Dong Lim
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Eun Seob Song
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - So Jung Shin
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Ravi Gautam
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Lee
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Yeon Gyeong Kim
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Ah Rang Cho
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Chang Yul Kim
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kim
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Myung Sook Lee
- Technology Services Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Geu Oh
- Technology Services Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Byung-Chul Lee
- Technology Services Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Dodram Pig Farmer's Cooperative, Veterinary Service Center, Daejeon 35352, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Kim
- Dodram Pig Farmer's Cooperative, Veterinary Service Center, Daejeon 35352, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Jeong
- Dodram Pig Farmer's Cooperative, Veterinary Service Center, Daejeon 35352, Korea
| | - Hyoung Ah Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Yong Heo
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio-Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
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118
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Zhang J, Chen J, Newton GK, Perrior TR, Robinson C. Allergen Delivery Inhibitors: A Rationale for Targeting Sentinel Innate Immune Signaling of Group 1 House Dust Mite Allergens through Structure-Based Protease Inhibitor Design. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 94:1007-1030. [PMID: 29976563 PMCID: PMC6064784 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse evidence from epidemiologic surveys and investigations into the molecular basis of allergenicity have revealed that a small cadre of "initiator" allergens promote the development of allergic diseases, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Pre-eminent among these initiators are the group 1 allergens from house dust mites (HDM). In mites, group 1 allergens function as cysteine peptidase digestive enzymes to which humans are exposed by inhalation of HDM fecal pellets. Their protease nature confers the ability to activate high gain signaling mechanisms which promote innate immune responses, leading to the persistence of allergic sensitization. An important feature of this process is that the initiator drives responses both to itself and to unrelated allergens lacking these properties through a process of collateral priming. The clinical significance of group 1 HDM allergens in disease, their serodominance as allergens, and their IgE-independent bioactivities in innate immunity make these allergens interesting therapeutic targets in the design of new small-molecule interventions in allergic disease. The attraction of this new approach is that it offers a powerful, root-cause-level intervention from which beneficial effects can be anticipated by interference in a wide range of effector pathways associated with these complex diseases. This review addresses the general background to HDM allergens and the validation of group 1 as putative targets. We then discuss structure-based drug design of the first-in-class representatives of allergen delivery inhibitors aimed at neutralizing the proteolytic effects of HDM group 1 allergens, which are essential to the development and maintenance of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Zhang
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom (J.Z., J.C., C.R.); State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China (J.Z.); and Domainex Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom (G.K.N., T.R.P.)
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom (J.Z., J.C., C.R.); State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China (J.Z.); and Domainex Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom (G.K.N., T.R.P.)
| | - Gary K Newton
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom (J.Z., J.C., C.R.); State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China (J.Z.); and Domainex Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom (G.K.N., T.R.P.)
| | - Trevor R Perrior
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom (J.Z., J.C., C.R.); State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China (J.Z.); and Domainex Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom (G.K.N., T.R.P.)
| | - Clive Robinson
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom (J.Z., J.C., C.R.); State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China (J.Z.); and Domainex Ltd., Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, United Kingdom (G.K.N., T.R.P.)
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119
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Cytokines in sensitization to aeroallergens. Allergol Select 2018; 2:94-100. [PMID: 31826038 PMCID: PMC6881858 DOI: 10.5414/alx1480e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about the immunological mechanisms underlying asthma bronchiale is a prerequisite for development of new (causal) interventions. A large number of studies has proven asthma to be a complex disease with subtypes with different immunological features. Cytokines and chemokines, which are secreted by immune cells as well as structural cells play an important role not only in maintenance and amplification but have significant impact in the initiation of pulmonary inflammations – the asymptomatic sensitization phase. This article describes important immunological mediators in the context of the pulmonary sensitization phase. Moreover chances and constraints of intervention strategies aiming at these mediators are discussed. Several new aspects like classification of immunological phenotypes in bronchial asthma for individualized strategies and taking the sensitization phase into account, reveal possible targets among both “old acquaintances” like IL-4 and newly identified mediators (e.g. IL-17, IL-33).
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120
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Mathieu E, Escribano-Vazquez U, Descamps D, Cherbuy C, Langella P, Riffault S, Remot A, Thomas M. Paradigms of Lung Microbiota Functions in Health and Disease, Particularly, in Asthma. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1168. [PMID: 30246806 PMCID: PMC6110890 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvements in our knowledge of the gut microbiota have broadened our vision of the microbes associated with the intestine. These microbes are essential actors and protectors of digestive and extra-digestive health and, by extension, crucial for human physiology. Similar reconsiderations are currently underway concerning the endogenous microbes of the lungs, with a shift in focus away from their involvement in infections toward a role in physiology. The discovery of the lung microbiota was delayed by the long-held view that the lungs of healthy individuals were sterile and by sampling difficulties. The lung microbiota has a low density, and the maintenance of small numbers of bacteria seems to be a critical determinant of good health. This review aims to highlight how knowledge about the lung microbiota can change our conception of lung physiology and respiratory health. We provide support for this point of view with knowledge acquired about the gut microbiota and intestinal physiology. We describe the main characteristics of the lung microbiota and its functional impact on lung physiology, particularly in healthy individuals, after birth, but also in asthma. We describe some of the physiological features of the respiratory tract potentially favoring the installation of a dysbiotic microbiota. The gut microbiota feeds and matures the intestinal epithelium and is involved in immunity, when the principal role of the lung microbiota seems to be the orientation and balance of aspects of immune and epithelial responsiveness. This implies that the local and remote effects of bacterial communities are likely to be determinant in many respiratory diseases caused by viruses, allergens or genetic deficiency. Finally, we discuss the reciprocal connections between the gut and lungs that render these two compartments inseparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Mathieu
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Unai Escribano-Vazquez
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Delphyne Descamps
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Claire Cherbuy
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Langella
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sabine Riffault
- Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Aude Remot
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Muriel Thomas
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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121
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Qian G, Jiang W, Zou B, Feng J, Cheng X, Gu J, Chu T, Niu C, He R, Chu Y, Lu M. LPS inactivation by a host lipase allows lung epithelial cell sensitization for allergic asthma. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2397-2412. [PMID: 30021797 PMCID: PMC6122967 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20172225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study provides strong evidence that intestinal commensal LPS desensitizes lung epithelial cells and therefore diminishes allergic responses to inhaled allergens. A host lipase, acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH), prevents the desensitization by inactivating commensal LPS. Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily mediated by Th2 immune mechanisms. Numerous studies have suggested that early life exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is negatively associated with allergic asthma. One proposed mechanism invokes desensitization of lung epithelial cells by LPS. We report here that acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH), a host lipase that degrades and inactivates LPS, renders mice more susceptible to house dust mite (HDM)–induced allergic asthma. Lung epithelial cells from Aoah−/− mice are refractory to HDM stimulation, decreasing dendritic cell activation and Th2 responses. Antibiotic treatment that diminished commensal LPS-producing bacteria normalized Aoah−/− responses to HDM, while giving LPS intrarectally ameliorated asthma. Aoah−/− mouse feces, plasma, and lungs contained more bioactive LPS than did those of Aoah+/+ mice. By inactivating commensal LPS, AOAH thus prevents desensitization of lung epithelial cells. An enzyme that prevents severe lung inflammation/injury in Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia has the seemingly paradoxical effect of predisposing to a Th2-mediated airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Qian
- Department of Immunology, MOE & MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Immunology, MOE & MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Benkun Zou
- Department of Immunology, MOE & MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jintao Feng
- Department of Immunology, MOE & MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofang Cheng
- Department of Immunology, MOE & MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianqing Chu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Niu
- Department of Immunology, MOE & MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui He
- Department of Immunology, MOE & MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Immunology, MOE & MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfang Lu
- Department of Immunology, MOE & MOH Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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122
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Lloyd CM, Snelgrove RJ. Type 2 immunity: Expanding our view. Sci Immunol 2018; 3:eaat1604. [PMID: 29980619 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aat1604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The classical vision of type 2 immune reactions is that they are characterized by a distinct cellular and cytokine repertoire that is critical for host resistance against helminthic worm infections but, when dysregulated, may cause atopic reactions that result in conditions such as asthma, rhinitis, dermatitis, and anaphylaxis. In this traditional view, the type 2 response is categorized as an adaptive immune response with differentiated T helper cells taking center stage, driving eosinophil recruitment and immunoglobulin production via the secretion of a distinct repertoire of cytokines that include interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13. The recent discovery of a group of innate cells that has the capacity to secrete copious amounts of type 2 cytokines, potentially in the absence of adaptive immunity, has reignited interest in type 2 biology. The discovery that these innate lymphoid cells and type 2 cytokines are involved in diverse biological processes-including wound healing, control of metabolic homeostasis, and temperature-has considerably changed our view of type 2 responses and the cytokines, chemokines, and receptors that regulate these responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare M Lloyd
- Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington NHLI, Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Robert J Snelgrove
- Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington NHLI, Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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123
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Abdala-Valencia H, Kountz TS, Marchese ME, Cook-Mills JM. VCAM-1 induces signals that stimulate ZO-1 serine phosphorylation and reduces ZO-1 localization at lung endothelial cell junctions. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:215-228. [PMID: 29889984 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2ma1117-427rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell VCAM-1 regulates recruitment of lymphocytes, eosinophils, mast cells, or dendritic cells during allergic inflammation. In this report, we demonstrated that, during allergic lung responses, there was reduced zonula occludens (ZO)-1 localization in lung endothelial cell junctions, whereas there was increased lung endothelial cell expression of VCAM-1, N-cadherin, and angiomotin. In vitro, leukocyte binding to VCAM-1 reduced ZO-1 in endothelial cell junctions. Using primary human endothelial cells and mouse endothelial cell lines, Ab crosslinking of VCAM-1 increased serine phosphorylation of ZO-1 and induced dissociation of ZO-1 from endothelial cell junctions, demonstrating that VCAM-1 regulates ZO-1. Moreover, VCAM-1 induction of ZO-1 phosphorylation and loss of ZO-1 localization at cell junctions was blocked by inhibition of VCAM-1 intracellular signals that regulate leukocyte transendothelial migration, including NOX2, PKCα, and PTP1B. Furthermore, exogenous addition of the VCAM-1 signaling intermediate H2 O2 (1 μM) stimulated PKCα-dependent and PTP1B-dependent serine phosphorylation of ZO-1 and loss of ZO-1 from junctions. Overexpression of ZO-1 blocked leukocyte transendothelial migration. In summary, leukocyte binding to VCAM-1 induces signals that stimulated ZO-1 serine phosphorylation and reduced ZO-1 localization at endothelial cell junctions during leukocyte transendothelial migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Timothy S Kountz
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michelle E Marchese
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joan M Cook-Mills
- Allergy-Immunology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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124
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Restori KH, Srinivasa BT, Ward BJ, Fixman ED. Neonatal Immunity, Respiratory Virus Infections, and the Development of Asthma. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1249. [PMID: 29915592 PMCID: PMC5994399 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Infants are exposed to a wide range of potential pathogens in the first months of life. Although maternal antibodies acquired transplacentally protect full-term neonates from many systemic pathogens, infections at mucosal surfaces still occur with great frequency, causing significant morbidity and mortality. At least part of this elevated risk is attributable to the neonatal immune system that tends to favor T regulatory and Th2 type responses when microbes are first encountered. Early-life infection with respiratory viruses is of particular interest because such exposures can disrupt normal lung development and increase the risk of chronic respiratory conditions, such as asthma. The immunologic mechanisms that underlie neonatal host-virus interactions that contribute to the subsequent development of asthma have not yet been fully defined. The goals of this review are (1) to outline the differences between the neonatal and adult immune systems and (2) to present murine and human data that support the hypothesis that early-life interactions between the immune system and respiratory viruses can create a lung environment conducive to the development of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H Restori
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bharat T Srinivasa
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Brian J Ward
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth D Fixman
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
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125
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Yang X, Wang Y, Zhao S, Wang R, Wang C. Long-term exposure to low-dose Haemophilus influenzae during allergic airway disease drives a steroid-resistant neutrophilic inflammation and promotes airway remodeling. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24898-24913. [PMID: 29861841 PMCID: PMC5982741 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidences indicate that bacteria are associated with pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma. However, the long-term effect of airway bacterial colonization remains unclear. We sought to establish a murine model to simulate the airway inflammation of long-term bacterial colonization, and to assess the effects of bacteria on allergic airway disease (AAD). BALB/c mice were sensitized twice and subsequently challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) and exposed to low-dose Haemophilus influenzae for approximately 2 months. Mice in treatment groups inhaled budesonide for consecutively 6 days in the last week. Airway inflammatory phenotype, immune response, phagocytic capacity, mucus production, airway remodeling and steroid sensitivity were assessed. Long-term exposure to low-dose H. influenzae during AAD did not cause serious infection but only a slightly increased airway inflammation, which resembled the colonization. Inflammatory phenotype was converted from a steroid-sensitive T helper (Th) 2-associated eosinophilic inflammation to a steroid-resistant Th17-associated neutrophilic inflammation. The increased neutrophilic inflammation was accompanied by defects in regulatory T cell (Treg)-associated immunosuppression and macrophage phagocytosis, and finally promoted mucus hypersecretion and airway remodeling. These features resembled those of refractory neutrophilic asthma in humans. These findings indicate that in asthmatic patients, airway bacterial colonization may be a potential therapeutic target. Minimizing the pathogen burden in airway, such as Haemophilus influenzae, may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 305 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100017, China
| | - Shengtao Zhao
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Changzheng Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
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126
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Bonniaud P, Fabre A, Frossard N, Guignabert C, Inman M, Kuebler WM, Maes T, Shi W, Stampfli M, Uhlig S, White E, Witzenrath M, Bellaye PS, Crestani B, Eickelberg O, Fehrenbach H, Guenther A, Jenkins G, Joos G, Magnan A, Maitre B, Maus UA, Reinhold P, Vernooy JHJ, Richeldi L, Kolb M. Optimising experimental research in respiratory diseases: an ERS statement. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:13993003.02133-2017. [PMID: 29773606 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02133-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Experimental models are critical for the understanding of lung health and disease and are indispensable for drug development. However, the pathogenetic and clinical relevance of the models is often unclear. Further, the use of animals in biomedical research is controversial from an ethical perspective.The objective of this task force was to issue a statement with research recommendations about lung disease models by facilitating in-depth discussions between respiratory scientists, and to provide an overview of the literature on the available models. Focus was put on their specific benefits and limitations. This will result in more efficient use of resources and greater reduction in the numbers of animals employed, thereby enhancing the ethical standards and translational capacity of experimental research.The task force statement addresses general issues of experimental research (ethics, species, sex, age, ex vivo and in vitro models, gene editing). The statement also includes research recommendations on modelling asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, lung infections, acute lung injury and pulmonary hypertension.The task force stressed the importance of using multiple models to strengthen validity of results, the need to increase the availability of human tissues and the importance of standard operating procedures and data quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Bonniaud
- Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France.,INSERM U866, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Fabre
- Dept of Histopathology, St Vincent's University Hospital, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nelly Frossard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,CNRS UMR 7200, Faculté de Pharmacie, Illkirch, France.,Labex MEDALIS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Le Plessis-Robinson, France.,Université Paris-Sud and Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Mark Inman
- Dept of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health at St Joseph's Health Care MDCL 4011, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tania Maes
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wei Shi
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Dept of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martin Stampfli
- Dept of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health at St Joseph's Health Care MDCL 4011, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Dept of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University
| | - Stefan Uhlig
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eric White
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Dept of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine And Division of Pulmonary Inflammation, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierre-Simon Bellaye
- Département de Médecine nucléaire, Plateforme d'imagerie préclinique, Centre George-François Leclerc (CGFL), Dijon, France
| | - Bruno Crestani
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, DHU FIRE, Service de Pneumologie A, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 1152, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Oliver Eickelberg
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Heinz Fehrenbach
- Priority Area Asthma & Allergy, Research Center Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Health Technologies
| | - Andreas Guenther
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universitary Hospital Giessen, Agaplesion Lung Clinic Waldhof-Elgershausen, German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gisli Jenkins
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Respiratory Research Unit, City Campus, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Guy Joos
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Antoine Magnan
- Institut du thorax, CHU de Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Bernard Maitre
- Hôpital H Mondor, AP-HP, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Service de Pneumologie et de Pathologie Professionnelle, DHU A-TVB, Université Paris Est - Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Ulrich A Maus
- Hannover School of Medicine, Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Petra Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis at the 'Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut' (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Jena, Germany
| | - Juanita H J Vernooy
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+ (MUMC+), AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Luca Richeldi
- UOC Pneumologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - Martin Kolb
- Dept of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health at St Joseph's Health Care MDCL 4011, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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127
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Zakeri A, Russo M. Dual Role of Toll-like Receptors in Human and Experimental Asthma Models. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1027. [PMID: 29867994 PMCID: PMC5963123 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that is influenced by the interplay between genetic factors and exposure to environmental allergens, microbes, or microbial products where toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a pivotal role. TLRs recognize a wide range of microbial or endogenous molecules as well as airborne environmental allergens and act as adjuvants that influence positively or negatively allergic sensitization. TLRs are qualitatively and differentially expressed on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic stromal or structural airway cells that when activated by TLRs agonists exert an immune-modulatory role in asthma development. Therefore, understanding mechanisms and pathways by which TLRs orchestrate asthma outcomes may offer new strategies to control the disease. Here, we aim to review and critically discuss the role of TLRs in human asthma and murine models of allergic airway inflammation, highlighting the complexity of TLRs function in development, exacerbation, or control of airway allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Zakeri
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Momtchilo Russo
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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128
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Kim B, Kim TH. Fundamental role of dendritic cells in inducing Th2 responses. Korean J Intern Med 2018; 33:483-489. [PMID: 29502361 PMCID: PMC5943655 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A mysterious puzzle in immunology is how the immune system decides what types of immune response to initiate against various stimuli. Although much is known about control of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 responses, the mechanisms that initiate Th2 responses remain obscure. Antigen-presenting cells, particularly dendritic cells (DCs), are mandatory for the induction of a Th cell response. Numerous studies have documented the organizing role of DCs in this process. The present review summarizes the fundamental roles of DCs in inducing Th2 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoungjae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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129
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Lung Interstitial Macrophages: Past, Present, and Future. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:5160794. [PMID: 29854841 PMCID: PMC5952507 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5160794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, investigations about the lung myeloid compartment have been mainly limited to the macrophages located within the airways, that is, the well-known alveolar macrophages specialized in recycling of surfactant molecules and removal of debris. However, a growing number of reports have highlighted the complexity of the lung myeloid compartment, which also encompass different subsets of dendritic cells, tissue monocytes, and nonalveolar macrophages, called interstitial macrophages (IM). Recent evidence supports that, in mice, IM perform important immune functions, including the maintenance of lung homeostasis and prevention of immune-mediated allergic airway inflammation. In this article, we describe lung IM from a historical perspective and we review current knowledge on their characteristics, ontogeny, and functions, mostly in rodents. Finally, we emphasize some important future challenges for the field.
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130
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Lin Y, Louie D, Ganguly A, Wu D, Huang P, Liao S. Elastin Shapes Small Molecule Distribution in Lymph Node Conduits. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:3142-3150. [PMID: 29592965 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The spatial and temporal Ag distribution determines the subsequent T cell and B cell activation at the distinct anatomical locations in the lymph node (LN). It is well known that LN conduits facilitate small Ag distribution in the LN, but the mechanism of how Ags travel along LN conduits remains poorly understood. In C57BL/6J mice, using FITC as a fluorescent tracer to study lymph distribution in the LN, we found that FITC preferentially colocalized with LN capsule-associated (LNC) conduits. Images generated using a transmission electron microscope showed that LNC conduits are composed of solid collagen fibers and are wrapped with fibroblastic cells. Superresolution images revealed that high-intensity FITC is typically colocalized with elastin fibers inside the LNC conduits. Whereas tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate appears to enter LNC conduits as effectively as FITC, fluorescently-labeled Alexa-555-conjugated OVA labels significantly fewer LNC conduits. Importantly, injection of Alexa-555-conjugated OVA with LPS substantially increases OVA distribution along elastin fibers in LNC conduits, indicating immune stimulation is required for effective OVA traveling along elastin in LN conduits. Finally, elastin fibers preferentially surround lymphatic vessels in the skin and likely guide fluid flow to the lymphatic vessels. Our studies demonstrate that fluid or small molecules are preferentially colocalized with elastin fibers. Although the exact mechanism of how elastin fibers regulate Ag trafficking remains to be explored, our results suggest that elastin can be a potentially new target to direct Ag distribution in the LN during vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Lin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.,Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Dante Louie
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Anutosh Ganguly
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada; and
| | - Dequan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Shan Liao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada;
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131
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Zhang J, Chen J, Mangat SC, Perera Baruhupolage C, Garrod DR, Robinson C. Pathways of airway oxidant formation by house dust mite allergens and viral RNA converge through myosin motors, pannexons and Toll-like receptor 4. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2018. [PMID: 29542272 PMCID: PMC5946151 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Intracellular reactive oxidant species (ROS) are generated in human airway epithelial cells by the prothrombinase action of Group 1 house dust mite (HDM) allergens and by ligation of viral RNA sensor Toll‐like receptors (TLRs). We explored signaling convergence between HDM allergens and TLRs in ROS generation because epithelial cells form the primary barrier against inhaled substances and dictate host responses to allergens and viruses. Methods ROS formation by Calu‐3 human airway cells was studied by measuring dihydrorhodamine 123 oxidation after activation by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (to activate TLR3), CL097 (to activate TLR7), a natural mixture of HDM allergens, or BzATP. Results TLR4 activation was identified as an indispensable response element for all stimuli, operating downstream from myosin motor activation, pannexon gating for ATP release and the endogenous activation of prothrombin. Exogenous prothrombin activation by HDM allergens was prevented by SGUL 1733, a novel inhibitor of the proteolytic activity of Group 1 HDM allergens, which thus prevented TLR4 from being activated at source. Conclusions Our data identify for the first time that endogenously‐generated prothrombin and TLR4 form a shared effector mechanism essential to intracellular ROS generation activated by a group 1 HDM allergen (itself a prothrombinase) or by ligation of viral RNA‐sensing TLRs. These stimuli operate a confluent signaling pathway in which myosin motors, gating of pannexons, and ADAM 10 lead to prothrombin‐dependent activation of TLR4 with a recycling activation of pannexons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Zhang
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Shannon C Mangat
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - David R Garrod
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Clive Robinson
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, UK
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132
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Qu Y, Zhang C, Hu Z, Li S, Kong C, Ning Y, Shang Y, Bai C. The 100 most influential publications in asthma from 1960 to 2017: A bibliometric analysis. Respir Med 2018; 137:206-212. [PMID: 29605206 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The area of asthma medicine has produced a large volume of important clinical and scientific papers that can be found in those most influential journals. The purpose of our study was to identify the 100 most cited papers in asthma research and to analyze their characteristics. METHODS We used the Institute for Scientific Information Web of Knowledge Database to identify the most frequently cited articles published from 1960 to December 2017. Original articles and reviews were included in the study. The 100 top-cited articles were then analyzed with regard to number of citations, publication year, journals, institution, research type and field, authors and countries of authors of publications. RESULTS The 100 top-cited articles in asthma were published between 1960 and 2011 with a median of 933 citations per article (range, 701-2947). The number of citations per article was greatest for articles published in the 1990s. The United States of America contributed most of the classic articles, followed by England. The leading institutions were Imperial College London, McMaster University, Erasmus University Rotterdam. The 100 top-cited articles were published in twenty-five journals, led by The New England Journal of Medicine (21 articles), followed by American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (19 articles), Lancet (11 articles), respectively. Among the 100 classics, 50% articles were clinical research articles. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a historical perspective on the progress of research on asthma. Studies conducted in well-developed European countries and North America, published in high-impact journals had the highest citations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zhenli Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Chen Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yunye Ning
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yan Shang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Chong Bai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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Kim HK, Lee GH, Bhattarai KR, Junjappa RP, Lee HY, Handigund M, Marahatta A, Bhandary B, Baek IH, Pyo JS, Kim HK, Chai OH, Kim HR, Lee YC, Chae HJ. PI3Kδ contributes to ER stress-associated asthma through ER-redox disturbances: the involvement of the RIDD-RIG-I-NF-κB axis. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:e444. [PMID: 29504610 PMCID: PMC5903822 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) has been suggested to be a potential mechanism for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness, and PI3K inhibitors have been examined as asthma therapeutics. However, the regulatory mechanism linking PI3K to ER stress and related pathological signals in asthma have not been defined. To elucidate these pathogenic pathways, we investigated the influence of a selective PI3Kδ inhibitor, IC87114, on airway inflammation in an ovalbumin/lipopolysaccharide (OVA/LPS)-induced asthma model. In OVA/LPS-induced asthmatic mice, the activity of PI3K, downstream phosphorylation of AKT and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were all significantly elevated; these effects were reversed by IC87114. IC87114 treatment also reduced the OVA/LPS-induced ER stress response by enhancing the intra-ER oxidative folding status through suppression of protein disulfide isomerase activity, ER-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and NOX4 activity. Furthermore, inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α)-dependent degradation (RIDD) of IRE1α was reduced by IC87114, resulting in a decreased release of proinflammatory cytokines from bronchial epithelial cells. These results suggest that PI3Kδ may induce severe airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by activating NF-κB signaling through ER-associated ROS and RIDD–RIG-I activation. The PI3Kδ inhibitor IC87114 is a potential therapeutic agent against neutrophil-dominant asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kashi Raj Bhattarai
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Raghu Patil Junjappa
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mallikarjun Handigund
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Anu Marahatta
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bidur Bhandary
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Pyo
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Hee Chai
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Daegu Gyeonbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST) Graduate School, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Chul Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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134
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Ishii T, Niikura Y, Kurata K, Muroi M, Tanamoto K, Nagase T, Sakaguchi M, Yamashita N. Time-dependent distinct roles of Toll-like receptor 4 in a house dust mite-induced asthma mouse model. Scand J Immunol 2018; 87. [PMID: 29337391 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
House dust mites (HDMs) are a common source of allergens that trigger both allergen-specific and innate immune responses in humans. Here, we examined the effect of allergen concentration and the involvement of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the process of sensitization to house dust mite allergens in an HDM extract-induced asthma mouse model. Intranasal administration of HDM extract induced an immunoglobulin E response and eosinophilic inflammation in a dose-dependent manner from 2.5 to 30 μg/dose. In TLR4-knockout mice, the infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils into the lung was decreased compared with that in wild-type mice in the early phase of inflammation (total of three doses). However, in the late phase of inflammation (total of seven doses), eosinophil infiltration was significantly greater in TLR4-knockout mice than in wild-type mice. This suggests that the roles of TLR4 signaling are different between the early phase and the later phase of HDM allergen-induced inflammation. Thus, innate immune response through TLR4 regulated the response to HDM allergens, and the regulation was altered during the phase of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ishii
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Niikura
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Kurata
- ITEA Inc., Institute of Tokyo Environmental Allergy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Muroi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Tanamoto
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Nagase
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Sakaguchi
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - N Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
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135
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Gour N, Sudini K, Khalil SM, Rule AM, Lees P, Gabrielson E, Groopman JD, Lajoie S, Singh A. Unique pulmonary immunotoxicological effects of urban PM are not recapitulated solely by carbon black, diesel exhaust or coal fly ash. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 161:304-313. [PMID: 29178979 PMCID: PMC5747992 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is increasing worldwide as a result of increased human activity, the rapid industrialization of developing countries, and effects of climate change. Adverse effects of PM on human health are well documented, and because PM exposure occurs mostly through the airways, PM has especially deleterious impact on the lungs. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether surrogate PM particles like carbon black (CB), diesel exhaust particle (DEP), coal fly ash (CFA) can recapitulate the allergic airway inflammatory response induced by urban particulate matter. METHODS We compared the pro-inflammatory potential of urban PM collected from New York (NYC) and Baltimore (Balt) with CB, DEP and CFA surrogate PM particles. Eight to ten weeks old BALB/cJ mice were exposed through the airways to particulate material, and markers of airway inflammation were determined. Specifically, we assessed cellular influx, mucus production, lung function, cytokine levels as well as immune cell profiling of the lungs. RESULTS Herein, we demonstrate that exposure to equivalent mass of stand-alone surrogate PM particles like CB, DEP and CFA, fails to induce significant airway inflammatory response seen after similar exposure to urban PMs. Specifically, we observe that PM collected from New York (NYC) and Baltimore city (Balt) triggers a mixed Th2/Th17 response accompanied by eosinophilic and neutrophilic influx, mucus production and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Although the immune profile of NYC and Baltimore PMs are similar, they demonstrate considerable differences in their potency. Baltimore PM induced more robust airway inflammation, AHR, and Th2 cytokine production, possibly due to the greater metal content in Baltimore PM. CONCLUSIONS Urban particulate matter with its unique physiochemical properties and heterogeneous composition elicits a mixed Th2/Th17 allergic airway response that is not seen after similar exposures to surrogate PM particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naina Gour
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kuladeep Sudini
- Department of Health, Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Syed Muaz Khalil
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ana M Rule
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peter Lees
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Edward Gabrielson
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John D Groopman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Stephane Lajoie
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| | - Anju Singh
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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136
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Wedman PA, Aladhami A, Chumanevich AP, Fuseler JW, Oskeritzian CA. Mast cells and sphingosine-1-phosphate underlie prelesional remodeling in a mouse model of eczema. Allergy 2018; 73:405-415. [PMID: 28905998 PMCID: PMC10127444 DOI: 10.1111/all.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin inflammation that affects children and adults worldwide, but its pathogenesis remains ill-understood. METHODS We show that a single application of OVA to mouse skin initiates remodeling and cellular infiltration of the hypodermis measured by a newly developed computer-aided method. RESULTS Importantly, we demonstrate that skin mast cell (MC) activation and local sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are significantly augmented after OVA treatment in mice. Deficiency in sphingosine kinase (SphK)1, the S1P-producing enzyme, or in MC, remarkably mitigates all signs of OVA-mediated remodeling and MC activation. Furthermore, skin S1P levels remain unchanged in MC-deficient mice exposed to OVA. LPS-free OVA does not recapitulate any of the precursor signs of AD, supporting a triggering contribution of LPS in AD that, per se, suffice to activate local MC and elevate skin S1P. CONCLUSION We describe MC and S1P as novel pathogenic effectors that initiate remodeling in AD prior to any skin lesions and reveal the significance of LPS in OVA used in most studies, thus mimicking natural antigen (Ag) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Wedman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
| | - A. Aladhami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
- University of Baghdad; Baghdad Iraq
| | - A. P. Chumanevich
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
| | - J. W. Fuseler
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
| | - C. A. Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology; University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Columbia SC USA
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137
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Abstract
Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous inflammatory lung disease affecting millions of people worldwide and with a steadily increasing incidence. Mouse models have been of utmost importance in uncovering key inflammatory cell types, cytokines, and pathways in the development and maintenance of allergic asthma. Historically, the mainstay in experimental asthma research was sensitizing rodents to the model protein antigen ovalbumin (OVA) with the pro-Th2 adjuvant aluminum hydroxide, followed by repetitive OVA exposures to the airways to initiate a Th2-skewed adaptive immune response leading to eosinophilic airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity (AHR). In the last 5 years, OVA is often replaced by naturally occurring allergens such as house dust mite (HDM) or cockroach extracts, but the principle of first sensitizing and then repetitively challenging mice with the same antigen is unchanged. Here, we describe an often used and relevant HDM-based protocol to establish acute allergic asthma, and the methods we have developed to rapidly analyze inflammatory cell infiltration in the bronchalveolar lavage fluid by flow cytometry. Moreover, we explain the methods to restimulate T cells from lung-draining mediastinal lymph nodes with HDM to allow the measurement of cytokine secretion profiles of allergen reactive T cells.
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138
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Fonceca AM, Zosky GR, Bozanich EM, Sutanto EN, Kicic A, McNamara PS, Knight DA, Sly PD, Turner DJ, Stick SM. Accumulation mode particles and LPS exposure induce TLR-4 dependent and independent inflammatory responses in the lung. Respir Res 2018; 19:15. [PMID: 29357863 PMCID: PMC5778683 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulation mode particles (AMP) are formed from engine combustion and make up the inhalable vapour cloud of ambient particulate matter pollution. Their small size facilitates dispersal and subsequent exposure far from their original source, as well as the ability to penetrate alveolar spaces and capillary walls of the lung when inhaled. A significant immuno-stimulatory component of AMP is lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a product of Gram negative bacteria breakdown. As LPS is implicated in the onset and exacerbation of asthma, the presence or absence of LPS in ambient particulate matter (PM) may explain the onset of asthmatic exacerbations to PM exposure. This study aimed to delineate the effects of LPS and AMP on airway inflammation, and potential contribution to airways disease by measuring airway inflammatory responses induced via activation of the LPS cellular receptor, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4). Methods The effects of nebulized AMP, LPS and AMP administered with LPS on lung function, cellular inflammatory infiltrate and cytokine responses were compared between wildtype mice and mice not expressing TLR-4. Results The presence of LPS administered with AMP appeared to drive elevated airway resistance and sensitivity via TLR-4. Augmented TLR4 driven eosinophilia and greater TNF-α responses observed in AMP-LPS treated mice independent of TLR-4 expression, suggests activation of allergic responses by TLR4 and non-TLR4 pathways larger than those induced by LPS administered alone. Treatment with AMP induced macrophage recruitment independent of TLR-4 expression. Conclusions These findings suggest AMP-LPS as a stronger stimulus for allergic inflammation in the airways then LPS alone. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-017-0701-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Fonceca
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | | | | | - Erika N Sutanto
- Telethon Kids Institute, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine Princess Margaret Hospital for Children Perth, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Anthony Kicic
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine Princess Margaret Hospital for Children Perth, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Paul S McNamara
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Darryl A Knight
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Peter D Sly
- Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Stephen M Stick
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine Princess Margaret Hospital for Children Perth, Subiaco, WA, Australia.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
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139
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Pacholewska A, Kraft MF, Gerber V, Jagannathan V. Differential Expression of Serum MicroRNAs Supports CD4⁺ T Cell Differentiation into Th2/Th17 Cells in Severe Equine Asthma. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E383. [PMID: 29231896 PMCID: PMC5748701 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and may be exported from cells via exosomes or in partnership with RNA-binding proteins. MiRNAs in body fluids can act in a hormone-like manner and play important roles in disease initiation and progression. Hence, miRNAs are promising candidates as biomarkers. To identify serum miRNA biomarkers in the equine model of asthma we investigated small RNA derived from the serum of 34 control and 37 asthmatic horses. These samples were used for next generation sequencing, novel miRNA identification and differential miRNA expression analysis. We identified 11 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs between case and control horses: eca-miR-128, eca-miR-744, eca-miR-197, eca-miR-103, eca-miR-107a, eca-miR-30d, eca-miR-140-3p, eca-miR-7, eca-miR-361-3p, eca-miR-148b-3p and eca-miR-215. Pathway enrichment using experimentally validated target genes of the human homologous miRNAs showed a significant enrichment in the regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (key player in airway remodeling in asthma) and the phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PIP3) signaling pathway (modulator of CD4⁺ T cell maturation and function). Downregulated miR-128 and miR-744 supports a Th2/Th17 type immune response in severe equine asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Pacholewska
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Länggassstrasse 124, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109A, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Matthias F Kraft
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Länggassstrasse 124, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109A, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Vincent Gerber
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern and Agroscope, Länggassstrasse 124, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109A, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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140
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Muehling LM, Lawrence MG, Woodfolk JA. Pathogenic CD4 + T cells in patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:1523-1540. [PMID: 28442213 PMCID: PMC5651193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Asthma encompasses a variety of clinical phenotypes that involve distinct T cell-driven inflammatory processes. Improved understanding of human T-cell biology and the influence of innate cytokines on T-cell responses at the epithelial barrier has led to new asthma paradigms. This review captures recent knowledge on pathogenic CD4+ T cells in asthmatic patients by drawing on observations in mouse models and human disease. In patients with allergic asthma, TH2 cells promote IgE-mediated sensitization, airway hyperreactivity, and eosinophilia. Here we discuss recent discoveries in the myriad molecular pathways that govern the induction of TH2 differentiation and the critical role of GATA-3 in this process. We elaborate on how cross-talk between epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and innate lymphoid cells translates to T-cell outcomes, with an emphasis on the actions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-25, and IL-33 at the epithelial barrier. New concepts on how T-cell skewing and epitope specificity are shaped by multiple environmental cues integrated by dendritic cell "hubs" are discussed. We also describe advances in understanding the origins of atypical TH2 cells in asthmatic patients, the role of TH1 cells and other non-TH2 types in asthmatic patients, and the features of T-cell pathogenicity at the single-cell level. Progress in technologies that enable highly multiplexed profiling of markers within a single cell promise to overcome barriers to T-cell discovery in human asthmatic patients that could transform our understanding of disease. These developments, along with novel T cell-based therapies, position us to expand the assortment of molecular targets that could facilitate personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsey M Muehling
- Allergy Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Monica G Lawrence
- Allergy Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Judith A Woodfolk
- Allergy Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va.
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141
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Strasser L, Dang HH, Schwarz H, Asam C, Ferreira F, Horejs-Hoeck J, Huber CG. Unbiased Quantitative Proteomics Reveals a Crucial Role of the Allergen Context for the Activation of Human Dendritic Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16638. [PMID: 29192156 PMCID: PMC5709417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, more than 1 billion people suffer from allergic diseases. However, until now it is not fully understood how certain proteins can induce allergic immune responses, while others cannot. Studies suggest that allergenicity is a process not only determined by properties of the allergen itself but also by costimulatory factors, that are not classically associated with allergic reactions. To investigate the allergenicity of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 and the impact of adjuvants associated with pollen, e.g. lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we performed quantitative proteome analysis to study the activation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs). Thus, we treated cells with birch pollen extract (BPE), recombinant Bet v 1, and LPS followed by proteomic profiling via high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) using isobaric labelling. Enrichment and pathway analysis revealed the influence of regulated proteins especially in cytokine signalling and dendritic cell activation. We found highly regulated, but differentially expressed proteins after treatment with BPE and LPS, whereas the cellular response to Bet v 1 was limited. Our findings lead to the conclusion that Bet v 1 needs a specific “allergen context” involving cofactors apart from LPS to induce an immune response in human moDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Strasser
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - H-H Dang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - H Schwarz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Asam
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - F Ferreira
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - J Horejs-Hoeck
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C G Huber
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
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Pellefigues C, Tang SC, Schmidt A, White RF, Lamiable O, Connor LM, Ruedl C, Dobrucki J, Le Gros G, Ronchese F. Toll-Like Receptor 4, but Not Neutrophil Extracellular Traps, Promote IFN Type I Expression to Enhance Th2 Responses to Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1575. [PMID: 29201030 PMCID: PMC5696323 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction of Th2 responses is thought to be multifactorial, and emerge from specific pathways distinct from those associated with antagonistic antibacterial or antiviral Th1 responses. Here, we show that the recognition of non-viable Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) in the skin induces a strong recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Nb also activates toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling with expression of Ifnb transcripts in the skin and the development of an IFN type I signature on helminth antigen-bearing dendritic cells in draining lymph nodes. Co-injection of Nb together with about 10,000 Gram-negative bacteria amplified this TLR4-dependent but NET-independent IFN type I response and enhanced the development of Th2 responses. Thus, a limited activation of antibacterial signaling pathways is able to boost antihelminthic responses, suggesting a role for bacterial sensing in the optimal induction of Th2 immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alfonso Schmidt
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Ruby F White
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Lisa M Connor
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Christiane Ruedl
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jurek Dobrucki
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biophysics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Graham Le Gros
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Franca Ronchese
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
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143
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Williams MA, Cheadle C, Watkins T, Tailor A, Killedar S, Breysse P, Barnes KC, Georas SN. TLR2 and TLR4 as Potential Biomarkers of Environmental Particulate Matter Exposed Human Myeloid Dendritic Cells. Biomark Insights 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/117727190700200041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In many subjects who are genetically susceptible to asthma, exposure to environmental stimuli may exacerbate their condition. However, it is unknown how the expression and function of a family of pattern-recognition receptors called toll-like receptors (TLR) are affected by exposure to particulate pollution. TLRs serve a critical function in alerting the immune system of tissue damage or infection—the so-called “danger signals”. We are interested in the role that TLRs play in directing appropriate responses by innate immunity, particularly dendritic cells (DC), after exposing them to particulate pollution. Dendritic cells serve a pivotal role in directing host immunity. Thus, we hypothesized that alterations in TLR expression could be further explored as potential biomarkers of effect related to DC exposure to particulate pollution. We show some preliminary data that indicates that inhaled particulate pollution acts directly on DC by down-regulating TLR expression and altering the activation state of DC. While further studies are warranted, we suggest that alterations in TLR2 and TLR4 expression should be explored as potential biomarkers of DC exposure to environmental particulate pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. Williams
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rochester, New York, U.S.A
| | - Chris Cheadle
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Tonya Watkins
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Anitaben Tailor
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Smruti Killedar
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rochester, New York, U.S.A
| | - Patrick Breysse
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Kathleen C. Barnes
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Steve N. Georas
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rochester, New York, U.S.A
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144
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Huang L, Wang M, Chen Z, Yan Y, Gu W, Zhang X, Tan J, Sun H, Ji W. MiR-138 regulates dendritic cells mediated Th2-type immune response by regulating the OX40L expression in asthma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:10979-10988. [PMID: 31966442 PMCID: PMC6965889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of miR-138 in regulating Th2 type immune response by targeting OX40 ligand (Ox40L) in vitro. METHODS Serum samples of patients were used to explore the clinical parameter. Wistar rats were used to establish a murine model of asthma. The dual-luciferase report assay was used to detect the regulation of miR-138 on the expression of OX40L. RT-PCR was used to detect miR-138 and OX40L mRNA expression. Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and Western blot were used to analyze target protein expression. Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to cytokines detection. RESULTS The level of miR-138 was found to be negatively correlated with the expression of OX40L (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with FEV1 (P < 0.05). Higher miR-138 and reduced expression of OX40L were observed in dendritic cells (DCs) separated from rat bone marrow. Typically, OX40 and OX40L in asthma group were determined and the results indicated that the two parameters upregulated in compared with healthy control, while the expressions of them were suppressed by over-expression of miR-138. Furthermore, the up-regulation of Th1 cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and the down-regulation of Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) were induced by over-expression miR-138 and meanwhile the decrease of Th1/Th2 was reversed by overexpression of miR-138. CONCLUSION In this study, we revealed that miR-138 might regulate Th2-type immune response by down-regulating the OX40L expression in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou, China
| | - Meijuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengrong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou, China
| | - Yongdong Yan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Gu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou, China
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou, China
| | - Jiahong Tan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou, China
| | - Huiming Sun
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou, China
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145
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Lin TH, Su HH, Kang HY, Chang TH. The Interactive Roles of Lipopolysaccharides and dsRNA/Viruses on Respiratory Epithelial Cells and Dendritic Cells in Allergic Respiratory Disorders: The Hygiene Hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102219. [PMID: 29065558 PMCID: PMC5666898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The original hygiene hypothesis declares "more infections in early childhood protect against later atopy". According to the hygiene hypothesis, the increased incidence of allergic disorders in developed countries is explained by the decrease of infections. Epithelial cells and dendritic cells play key roles in bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems. Among the various pattern-recognition receptor systems of epithelial cells and dendritic cells, including toll-like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) and others, TLRs are the key systems of immune response regulation. In humans, TLRs consist of TLR1 to TLR10. They regulate cellular responses through engagement with TLR ligands, e.g., lipopolysaccharides (LPS) acts through TLR4 and dsRNA acts through TLR3, but there are certain common components between these two TLR pathways. dsRNA activates epithelial cells and dendritic cells in different directions, resulting in allergy-related Th2-skewing tendency in epithelial cells, and Th1-skewing tendency in dendritic cells. The Th2-skewing effect by stimulation of dsRNA on epithelial cells could be suppressed by the presence of LPS above some threshold. When LPS level decreases, the Th2-skewing effect increases. It may be via these interrelated networks and related factors that LPS modifies the allergic responses and provides a plausible mechanism of the hygiene hypothesis. Several hygiene hypothesis-related phenomena, seemingly conflicting, are also discussed in this review, along with their proposed mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsang-Hsiung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Hao Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Yo Kang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
- Hormone Research Center and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan.
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146
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LPS priming in early life decreases antigen uptake of dendritic cells via NO production. Immunobiology 2017; 223:25-31. [PMID: 29030010 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Immunological mechanisms of hygiene hypothesis are expected to develop a novel strategy for allergy prevention. Although a large number of studies has investigated the relation between allergies and infection, little is known about the influence of the exposure to infections on antigen uptake by dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, we examined the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) priming in early life on the antigen uptake ability of DCs by using an original mouse model. LPS priming in juvenile mice decreased the migration of antigen-capturing CD11c+ cells in the lymph nodes, but not in aged mice. Besides, the bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) from juvenile LPS-primed mice had the poor antigen uptake ability, and constitutively produced NO through the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Interestingly, the LPS priming-induced poor antigen uptake of BMDCs was mimicked by the NO donor, and recovered by the iNOS inhibitor. Additionally, LPS priming in juvenile mice prevented the allergic reactions, but not in aged mice. Our results suggested that an exposure to infections in early life prevents allergy through the alteration of the BM cells fate that is to induce the differentiation of BM cells into inhibitory DCs such as NO-producing DCs.
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147
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Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic lung disease that affects 300 million people worldwide. It causes the airways of the lungs to swell and narrow due to inflammation (swelling and excess mucus build-up in the airways) and airway constriction (tightening of the muscles surrounding the airways). Atopic asthma is the most common form of asthma, and is triggered by inhaled allergens that ultimately promote the activation of the Th2-like T cells and the development of Th2-mediated chronic inflammation. Different subsets of T cells, including T follicular helper cells, tissue-resident T, cells and Th2 effector cells, play different functions during allergic immune response. Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to play a central role in initiating allergic Th2-type immune responses and in the development of the T cell phenotype. However, this function depends on the complex interaction with other cells of the immune system and determines whether the response to environmental allergens will be one of tolerance or allergic inflammation. This review discusses cell interactions leading to the initiation and maintenance of allergic Th2-type immune responses, particularly those associated with allergic asthma.
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148
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The immunology of the allergy epidemic and the hygiene hypothesis. Nat Immunol 2017; 18:1076-1083. [PMID: 28926539 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The immunology of the hygiene hypothesis of allergy is complex and involves the loss of cellular and humoral immunoregulatory pathways as a result of the adoption of a Western lifestyle and the disappearance of chronic infectious diseases. The influence of diet and reduced microbiome diversity now forms the foundation of scientific thinking on how the allergy epidemic occurred, although clear mechanistic insights into the process in humans are still lacking. Here we propose that barrier epithelial cells are heavily influenced by environmental factors and by microbiome-derived danger signals and metabolites, and thus act as important rheostats for immunoregulation, particularly during early postnatal development. Preventive strategies based on this new knowledge could exploit the diversity of the microbial world and the way humans react to it, and possibly restore old symbiotic relationships that have been lost in recent times, without causing disease or requiring a return to an unhygienic life style.
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149
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He Q, Liu L, Yang Q, Wang A, Chen S, Li R, Huang Y, Zhang G, Ding X, Yu H, Hu S, Nie H. Invariant natural killer T cells promote immunogenic maturation of lung dendritic cells in mouse models of asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L973-L990. [PMID: 28912381 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00340.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed that invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells might act as an adjuvant to promote Th2 inflammatory responses in an OVA-induced mouse model of allergic asthma, but the mechanism remains unknown. To clarify the underlying mechanism through which iNKT cells promote Th2 inflammatory responses, we investigated the modulatory influence of iNKT cells on phenotypic and functional maturation of lung dendritic cells (LDCs) using iNKT cell-knockout mice, specific iNKT cell activation, coculture experiments, and adoptive transfer of iNKT cells in mouse models of asthma. Our data showed that iNKT cell deficiency could downregulate surface maturation markers and proinflammatory cytokine secretion of LDCs from a mouse model of asthma. However, elevated activation of iNKT cells by α-galactosylceramide and adoptive transfer of iNKT cells could upregulate surface maturation markers and proinflammatory cytokine secretion of LDCs from mouse models of asthma. Meanwhile, iNKT cells significantly influenced the function of LDCs, markedly enhancing Th2 responses in vivo and in vitro. In addition, iNKT cell can induce LDCs expression of CD206 and RELM-α, reflecting alternative activation of LDCs in a mouse model of asthma. α-Galactosylceramide treatment significantly enhanced expression of CD40L of lung iNKT cells from a mouse model of asthma, and the coculture experiment of LDCs with iNKT cells showed that the blockade of CD40L strongly suppressed surface maturation markers and proinflammatory cytokine production by LDCs. Our data suggest that iNKT cells can promote immunogenic maturation of LDCs to enhance Th2 responses in mouse models of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiaoyu Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ailing Wang
- Nursing Department, Wuhan University School of Health Sciences, Wuhan, China; and
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruiyun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guqin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuhong Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongying Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Suping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanxiang Nie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;
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150
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Exposure to Bacterial CpG DNA Protects from Airway Allergic Inflammation by Expanding Regulatory Lung Interstitial Macrophages. Immunity 2017; 46:457-473. [PMID: 28329706 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Living in a microbe-rich environment reduces the risk of developing asthma. Exposure of humans or mice to unmethylated CpG DNA (CpG) from bacteria reproduces these protective effects, suggesting a major contribution of CpG to microbe-induced asthma resistance. However, how CpG confers protection remains elusive. We found that exposure to CpG expanded regulatory lung interstitial macrophages (IMs) from monocytes infiltrating the lung or mobilized from the spleen. Trafficking of IM precursors to the lung was independent of CCR2, a chemokine receptor required for monocyte mobilization from the bone marrow. Using a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation, we found that adoptive transfer of IMs isolated from CpG-treated mice recapitulated the protective effects of CpG when administered before allergen sensitization or challenge. IM-mediated protection was dependent on IL-10, given that Il10-/- CpG-induced IMs lacked regulatory effects. Thus, the expansion of regulatory lung IMs upon exposure to CpG might underlie the reduced risk of asthma development associated with a microbe-rich environment.
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