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Abd-Elaleem NA, Mohamed SAA, Wagdy WM, Abd-Elaleem RA, Abdelhafeez AS, Bayoumi HA. Changes in spirometric parameters with position in asymptomatic Egyptian young males with central obesity. Multidiscip Respir Med 2021; 16:745. [PMID: 33936592 PMCID: PMC8054763 DOI: 10.4081/mrm.2021.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Central obesity is a chronic condition that can contribute to impairments in lung functions. Body position is an important technique that effectively restores and increases lung functions. We aimed to address the possible changes in spirometric parameters in asymptomatic overweight individuals with central obesity with a change in posture from sitting to supine in comparison to normal weight non-obese ones. Methods Enrolled subjects were healthy Egyptian males, aged between 20–45 years old, asymptomatic and nonsmokers. They underwent spirometry. The following parameters were measured; forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow (FEF)25-75%. They were classified into overweight with central obesity (n=40) and healthy control (n=40) groups based on their body mass index (BMI), weight-hip ratio (WHR), and waist circumference (WC). Spirometric parameters were compared between the 2 groups and in both setting and supine positions. Results The central obesity group showed significantly lower all spirometric parameters in comparison to the control one. All measured spirometric parameters had a significant reduction with supine position. There were negative correlations between both the WC and WHR and spirometric parameters. Conclusion In this study of young Egyptian males, individuals with central obesity had reduced spirometric parameters in comparison to healthy ones. Change in position from sitting to supine has significant effects on spirometric parameters in both healthy middle age males with normal weight and those with overweight and central obesity. These results could have important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen A Abd-Elaleem
- Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut
| | - Sherif A A Mohamed
- Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut
| | - Wael M Wagdy
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena
| | | | - Azza S Abdelhafeez
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hassan A Bayoumi
- Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut
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Baczewska M, Bojczuk K, Kołakowski A, Dobroch J, Guzik P, Knapp P. Obesity and Energy Substrate Transporters in Ovarian Cancer-Review. Molecules 2021; 26:1659. [PMID: 33809784 PMCID: PMC8002293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer in women. It is characterized by a high mortality rate because of its aggressiveness and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. It is a nonhomogenous group of neoplasms and, of which the molecular basics are still being investigated. Nowadays, the golden standard in the treatment is debulking cytoreductive surgery combined with platinum-based chemotherapy. We have presented the interactions and the resulting perspectives between fatty acid transporters, glucose transporters and ovarian cancer cells. Studies have shown the association between a lipid-rich environment and cancer progression, which suggests the use of correspondent transporter inhibitors as promising chemotherapeutic agents. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies highlighting the role of fatty acid transport proteins and glucose transporters in development, growth, metastasizing and its potential use in targeted therapies of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Baczewska
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Klaudia Bojczuk
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Adrian Kołakowski
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Jakub Dobroch
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
| | - Paweł Guzik
- Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, City Hospital, 35-241 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Paweł Knapp
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (A.K.); (J.D.); (P.K.)
- University Oncology Center, University Clinical Hospital in Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
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Abufaraj M, Siyam A, Xu T, Imm K, Cao C, Waldoer T, Schernhammer E, Shariat SF, Yang L. Association Between Body Fat Mass and Kidney Stones in US Adults: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. Eur Urol Focus 2021; 8:580-587. [PMID: 33737023 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between total and truncal body fat and kidney stone (KS) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between total and truncal body fat and KS in the US adult population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) comprises a series of nationally representative cross-sectional surveys. Data from females and males aged 20-59 yr who participated in four 2-yr NHANES cycles between 2011 and 2018 were obtained. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan-measured total and truncal body fat percentage and mass with KS. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS A total of 10 271 participants (50.3% females) were included. Weighted KS prevalence was 8.11% in femalesand 7.55% in males. In males, higher fat percentage was associated with higher odds of KS (per 5% total fat: odds ratio [OR] = 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.32; per 5% truncal fat: OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.10-1.35), particularly in those aged 40-59 yr (per 5% total fat: OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.16-1.59; per 5% truncal fat: OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.20-1.65, p-interaction < 0.05). In females, higher fat percentage was associated with higher odds of KS overall (per 5% total fat: OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.10-1.37; per 5% truncal fat: OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.08-1.33) and in both age groups (20-39 and 40-59 yr, p-interaction > 0.05). The observed associations were stronger in "other" ethnicities and non-Hispanic white. Similar patterns were observed for per 5 kg body fat mass. CONCLUSIONS Total and truncal fat parameters are associated with a higher prevalence of KS in adult females and males who are ≥40 yr old. Truncal fat mass may be at least equal or superior to total fat mass in assessing the association of body fat with KS. Further studies are warranted to elaborate on the pathophysiologic mechanism of this association to decrease the prevalence of KS. PATIENT SUMMARY Total and truncal body fat are associated with a higher prevalence of kidney stone (KS) in adult females and males aged ≥40 yr. Truncal fat mass may be similar or superior to total fat mass in assessing the association between body fat and KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Urology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdelmuez Siyam
- Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tianlin Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kellie Imm
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chao Cao
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas Waldoer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Schernhammer
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
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Esposito A, Marra A, Bagnardi V, Frassoni S, Morganti S, Viale G, Zagami P, Varano GM, Buccimazza G, Orsi F, Venetis K, Mazzarella L, Viale G, Fusco N, Criscitiello C, Curigliano G. Body mass index, adiposity and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes as prognostic biomarkers in patients treated with immunotherapy: A multi-parametric analysis. Eur J Cancer 2021; 145:197-209. [PMID: 33493979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We performed a multi-parametric analysis investigating the association between adiposity (as measured using body mass index [BMI] and computed tomography [CT]-based body composition), tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and clinical outcomes in patients with advanced-stage cancer treated with immunotherapy in phase I clinical trials. MATERIAL AND METHODS All consecutive patients (N = 153) with metastatic solid tumours treated within immunotherapy-based phase I clinical trials between August 2014 and May 2019 at our institution were included. Baseline characteristics, BMI, TILs value and CT-assessed fat indices (total fat area [TFA], subcutaneous fat area [SFA] and visceral fat [VFA]) were collected. The primary endpoints were to evaluate the impact of these parameters on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional-hazards model were used for survival analyses. RESULTS At both univariate and multivariate analyses, BMI was not associated with PFS neither when considered as continuous variable (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.74-1.09, P = 0.28) nor as dichotomous variable (underweight/normal versus overweight/obese) (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.55-1.14, P = 0.21). Interestingly, patients diagnosed with 'immunogenic' tumours and higher VFA/SFA ratio (1st and 2nd tertile versus 3rd tertile) presented an increased OS (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78-1.00, P = 0.047). CONCLUSION Our analysis showed that patients with tumours that are already known as responsive to ICIs with higher VFA/SFA ratio presented an increased OS. Further studies are needed to elucidate the effect of adiposity on the host immune response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Esposito
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Marra
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuele Frassoni
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Morganti
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Viale
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Zagami
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca M Varano
- Division of Interventional Radiology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Buccimazza
- Division of Interventional Radiology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Orsi
- Division of Interventional Radiology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Venetis
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy; Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Mazzarella
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy; Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Fusco
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy; Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Criscitiello
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Doke M, Komagamine Y, Kanazawa M, Iwaki M, Suzuki H, Miyazaki Y, Mizuno T, Okayasu K, Minakuchi S. Effect of dental intervention on improvements in metabolic syndrome patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:4. [PMID: 33407371 PMCID: PMC7788763 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS), caused by the accumulation of visceral fat, is considered a major cause of cardiovascular disease. This randomized controlled trial aimed to clarify the effect of dental intervention, including prosthodontics and/or periodontal treatment, combined with dietary and exercise guidance on MetS. Methods In total, 112 patients who met the Japanese waist circumference criteria of MetS were recruited. The intervention group (ITG) received dental intervention along with dietary and exercise guidance, while the control group (CTG) received dietary and exercise guidance alone. Three outcome measurements were obtained before intervention (BL), 1 month after intervention (1M), and 3 months after intervention (3M). Results Body water rate (p = 0.043) was significantly higher in ITG than in CTG at 1M. Simultaneously, fasting blood sugar level (p = 0.098) tended to be lower in ITG than in CTG. Lean mass (p = 0.037) and muscle mass (p = 0.035) were significantly higher and body weight (p = 0.044) significantly lower in ITG than in CTG at 3M. Body mass index (p = 0.052) tended to be lower in ITG than in CTG. Conclusions Dental intervention combined with lifestyle guidance may improve anthropometric status and reduce the risk of MetS. Trial registration University Hospital Medical Information Network Center Unique UMIN000022753. https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000026176.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Doke
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Komagamine
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Manabu Kanazawa
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maiko Iwaki
- General Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunari Miyazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizuno
- Department of Health Science and Physical Education, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Okayasu
- Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital Medical Center for Allergic and Immune Diseases, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Qi L, Kang N, Li Y, Zhao H, Chen S. The Predictive Value of Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Index for Microalbuminuria in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:1107-1115. [PMID: 33737822 PMCID: PMC7961207 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s302761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the predictive value of visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation index (LAP) for microalbuminuria (MAU) in patients with newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS This study included 335 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM patients from Hebei General Hospital. All the patients aged from 18 to 65 years old include 226 males and 109 females. Patients information and blood indicators were Collected and calculated the LAP and VAI scores. All the patients were divided into males (group A) and females (group B), and these groups were then further subdivided into A1 group which arises microalbuminuria, and A2 group which does not. With the same method, women were divided into B1 group and B2 group. RESULTS Baseline data analysis showed that LAP and VAI levels in A1 and B1 groups were significantly higher than those in A2 and B2 groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that fasting blood glucose, waist circumference, LAP, and VAI were independent risk factors for the occurrence of microalbuminuria in both males and females. ROC showed that the area under curve (AUC) of waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, LAP and VAI in male patients were 0.626, 0.676, 0.760 and 0.742, respectively, and in female patients were 0.703, 0.685, 0.787 and 0.764, respectively. In addition, the area under the curve of both LAP and VAI was higher in females than in males. CONCLUSION This study confirmed that both LAP and VAI had predictive values for the occurrence of urinary microalbumin in newly diagnosed T2DM patients. The predictive value was higher in the female group and the suggestion was more applicable to female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licui Qi
- Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, People’s Republic of China
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shuchun Chen Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People’s Republic of China Email
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Yi QX, Zhu LN, Ma J, Yu XJ, Liu L, Shen J. Use of Anthropometric Measures of Obesity to Predict Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in China. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:4089-4095. [PMID: 34594120 PMCID: PMC8477615 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s321030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is an established risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of T2D. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the association between various anthropometric indices of obesity and DR. PATIENTS AND METHODS A representative sample of 1952 patients with T2D participated in this cross-sectional study conducted in Shanghai, China. Anthropometric measures of obesity including weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were evaluated. The association between WHtR, WHR, and BMI and the presence of DR was examined with logistic regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of DR was higher in T2D patients with high WHtR compared to those with normal WHtR (p<0.05). A higher BMI was associated with elevated risk of DR (model 1, p=0.034; model 2, p=0.036). WHR was unrelated to the occurrence of DR (p>0.05). CONCLUSION WHtR and BMI but not WHR are risk factors for DR in obese patients with T2D. Patients with high WHtR and BMI should be closely monitored to prevent the development of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Xue Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Renji Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Jie Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Lin Liu; Jie Shen Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China Email ;
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renji Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
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Yan B, Yang J, Zhao B, Wu Y, Bai L, Ma X. Causal Effect of Visceral Adipose Tissue Accumulation on the Human Longevity: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:722187. [PMID: 34539575 PMCID: PMC8440971 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.722187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Observational studies have demonstrated a close relationship between obesity and longevity. The aim of this Mendelian randomization (MR) study is to investigate whether genetic determinants of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation are causally associated with longevity. METHODS In this two-sample MR study, we used summary data of genetic determinants (single-nucleotide polymorphisms; p < 5 × 10-8) of VAT accumulation based on genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Longevity was defined as an age beyond the 90th or 99th survival percentile. The causal association of VAT accumulation with longevity was estimated with the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analyses, including weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (PRESSO), were also employed to assess the stability of the IVW results. RESULTS Our MR analysis used 221 genetic variants as instrumental variables to explore the causal association between VAT accumulation and longevity. In the standard IVW methods, VAT accumulation (per 1-kg increase) was found to be significantly associated with lower odds of surviving to the 90th (odds ratio [OR] = 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55 to 0.86, p = 8.32 × 10-4) and 99th (OR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.91, p = 0.011) percentile ages. These findings remained stable in sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSION This MR analysis identified a causal relationship between genetically determined VAT accumulation and longevity, suggesting that visceral adiposity may have a negative effect on longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yan
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xiancang Ma, ; Bin Yan,
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ling Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiancang Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xiancang Ma, ; Bin Yan,
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Brock JM, Billeter A, Müller-Stich BP, Herth F. Obesity and the Lung: What We Know Today. Respiration 2020; 99:856-866. [PMID: 33242862 DOI: 10.1159/000509735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is becoming more and more prevalent especially in Western industrial nations. The understanding of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ as well as the detection of adipocytokines - hormones that are secreted from the adipose tissue - gave reason to examine the interactions between adipose tissue and target organs. These efforts have been intensified especially in the context of bariatric surgery as promising weight loss therapy. Interactions between the lung and adipose tissue have rarely been investigated and are not well understood. There are obvious mechanical effects of obesity on lung function explaining the associations between obesity and lung diseases, in particular obesity hypoventilation syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The rise in the prevalence of obesity affects the epidemiology of pulmonary diseases as well. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on interactions, associations, and consequences of obesity and weight loss on lung function and lung diseases. Based on these data, areas for future research are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Maria Brock
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik and Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRCH), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,
| | - Adrian Billeter
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beat Peter Müller-Stich
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Herth
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik and Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRCH), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Shestakova EA, Sklyanik IA, Panevina AS, Nikankina LV, Shestakova MV, Dedov II. [Obesity without diabetes: the role of hormonal regulation]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2020; 92:15-22. [PMID: 33346474 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.10.000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Obese patients without diabetes present an interesting phenotype to explore protective mechanisms against type 2 diabetes (T2D) development. In our study we looked for specific hormonal features of obese patients without T2D. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 6 groups of patients with different metabolic profiles (n=212): controls with BMI25 kg/m2, HbA1c6%, age 30 years; patients with 25BMI30 kg/m2and HbA1c6%; patients with 25BMI30 kg/m2and HbA1c6%; patients with BMI30 kg/m2and HbA1c6% (+ Obesity - T2D) obese patients without T2D or prediabetes; patients with BMI30 kg/m2and newly-diagnosed T2D/prediabetes, HbA1c6%; patients with known history of T2D on glucose-lowering drugs with BMI30 kg/m2. Insulin, GLP-1, GIP were measured during glucose-tolerance test at 0, 30 and 120 minutes; insulin resistance (IR) was assessed by HOMA-IR. RESULTS Waist circumference was bigger in patients with obesity despite their metabolic profile comparing to patients without obesity (p0.001). Waist-to-hip ratio was similar in patients with different metabolic status. According to IR + Obesity - T2D group had intermediate position: IR was higher in that group comparing to people without obesity, but was less that in patients with obesity and HbA1c6% (p0.001). + Obesity - T2D group had the most potent baseline insulin secretion, assessed by НОМА-%band the highest postprandial secretion, measured by insulinogenic index among all patient groups with obesity (p0.001). There was no significant difference in GLP-1 secretion; GIP secretion was higher in patients with BMI30 kg/m2comparing to people with BMI30 kg/m2(p0.01).
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Rondanelli M, Peroni G, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Allegrini P, Fazia T, Bernardinelli L, Naso M, Faliva MA, Tartara A, Gasparri C, Infantino V, Perna S. Bergamot phytosome improved visceral fat and plasma lipid profiles in overweight and obese class I subject with mild hypercholesterolemia: A randomized placebo controlled trial. Phytother Res 2020; 35:2045-2056. [PMID: 33188552 PMCID: PMC8246838 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bergamot has been traditionally used for the relief of diseases related to oxidative stress. Our aim was to investigate the effect of bergamot phytosome on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and on metabolic profile, in overweight and obese subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia. A total of 64 participants were randomized into two groups for 12 weeks: a supplemented group (33 individuals, BMI 27 ± 3 kg/m2 receiving 500 mg of bergamot phytosome, two daily tablets) and placebo group (31 subjects, BMI 28 ± 3 kg/m2, two daily tablets). As to the within differences, the parameters of VAT, total and LDL‐cholesterol were significantly decreased in the bergamot phytosome group, but not in the placebo group. As to between‐group differences, a statistically significant interaction between time and group, that is, the change in score over time differs between the two groups was observed 30 days after supplementation for VAT (p‐value = .005), total cholesterol (p‐value <.0002), and LDL (p = .004) in respect to placebo. The other parameters (glucose, insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, fat free mass, fat mass) were not significant. In conclusion, this clinical study gives evidence that bergamot phytosome provides beneficial effects, such as decrease of VAT and modulation of metabolic alterations, after just 30 days of supplementation, resulting a very promising protection of cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research and Development Department, Indena SpA, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Teresa Fazia
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luisa Bernardinelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alice Tartara
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, University of Bahrain, College of Science, Sakhir, Bahrain
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112
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Liu B, Fan D, Yin F. The Relationship between Vitamin D Status and Visceral Fat Accumulation in Males with Type 2 Diabetes. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2020; 66:396-401. [PMID: 33132341 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency may play an important role in obesity. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between vitamin D status and visceral fat accumulation in males with type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 128 adult males with type 2 diabetes in Qinhuangdao. The nutritional status of vitamin D was assessed by circulating levels of 25(OH)D, vitamin D deficiency <30 nmol/L, vitamin D insufficiency 30-50 nmol/L and vitamin D sufficiency >50 nmol/L. Accumulation of visceral fat was defined as visceral fat area ≥100 cm2. The prevalence of visceral fat accumulation was 35.9%. The prevalence of visceral fat accumulation was 14.6%, 45.1% and 50.0% in type 2 diabetes with vitamin D sufficiency, vitamin D insufficiency and vitamin D deficiency, respectively. In multiple logistic regression analysis, subjects with vitamin D insufficiency [OR=4.255, p=0.012] and vitamin D deficiency [OR=6.122, p=0.022] were more likely to have visceral fat accumulation compared with subjects with vitamin D sufficiency. Visceral fat accumulation linked to the cluster of cardiometabolic risk factor in males with type 2 diabetes. There was a significant correlation between vitamin D status and visceral fat accumulation in males with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao
| | - Dongmei Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao
| | - Fuzai Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao
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113
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Wueest S, Konrad D. The controversial role of IL-6 in adipose tissue on obesity-induced dysregulation of glucose metabolism. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E607-E613. [PMID: 32715746 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00306.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 is a pleotropic cytokine with various physiological and pathophysiological functions in different cells and tissues. In cells residing within white adipose tissue, several, and sometimes conflicting, IL-6 actions have been described in the development of obesity-associated derangements of glucose metabolism. Herein, we aim to summarize opposing findings and discuss recent evidence that IL-6 signaling in adipose tissue is regulated in a depot and cell-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Wueest
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Konrad
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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114
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Tian T, Zhang J, Zhu Q, Xie W, Wang Y, Dai Y. Predicting value of five anthropometric measures in metabolic syndrome among Jiangsu Province, China. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1317. [PMID: 32867710 PMCID: PMC7457352 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition of metabolic disorders, is now causing large disease burden around the world. This study aimed to update the prevalence of MetS in Jiangsu Province of China and evaluate the predicting value of five anthropometric measures including waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), a body shape index (ABSI) and body roundness index (BRI) in MetS. METHODS 8040 participants from 12 survey sites were enrolled into this cross-sectional study by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method from 2014 nutrition and diet investigation project in Jiangsu Province. The transformation of sex-specific z-score made the comparison meaningful when conducting the logistic analysis between anthropometric indices and MetS. The abilities of anthropometric indices to predict MetS were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Delong test was applied to compare area under different ROC curves. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS in Jiangsu Province was 35.2% and the standardized prevalence was 34.8%. WC, BMI, WHtR, ABSI and BRI z-scores were positively related to MetS and its components. WC, WHtR and BRI z-score had stronger associations with MetS than BMI and ABSI in both male and female population. WC, WHtR and BRI had larger area under ROC curve than BMI and ABSI in male and female. WC in men had the largest area under the ROC curve, significantly higher than the other four measures of BMI, WHtR, ABSI and BRI (Z value = 9.08, 2.88, 16.73, 2.75 respectively). Among women, WC, WHtR and BRI had larger area under the ROC curve than BMI and ABSI, but the area under the WC, WHtR and BRI curve were not significantly different after the pairwise comparison by the Delong test. The optimal cut-off values of WC, WHtR and BRI for predicting MetS was 85.25 cm, 0.52 and 3.61 in male, 80.05 cm, 0.51 and 3.83 in female. CONCLUSION MetS has become one of the major chronic diseases in Jiangsu Province. WC was better than other four indices in predicting MetS among male population in Jiangsu. WC, WHtR and BRI had superior abilities than BMI/ABSI in predicting MetS among female population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tian
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.172 Jiangsu Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingxian Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.172 Jiangsu Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianrang Zhu
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.172 Jiangsu Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.172 Jiangsu Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.172 Jiangsu Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.172 Jiangsu Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Pinar U, Rod X, Mageau A, Renard Y, Lebacle C, Barrou B, Drouin S, Irani J, Bessede T. Surgical complications risk in obese and overweight recipients for kidney transplantation: a predictive morphometric model based on sarcopenia and vessel-to-skin distance. World J Urol 2020; 39:2223-2230. [PMID: 32785765 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-020-03407-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sarcopenia or adipose tissue distribution within obese and overweight renal transplanted have been poorly evaluated. Our objective was to evaluate morphometric markers to predict surgical complications in kidney transplantation. METHODS We retrospectively included patients with a BMI > 25 kg/m2 undergoing kidney transplantation from 2012 to 2017. Following measurements were performed on CT-scan sections: Sub-cutaneous Adipose Tissue surface (SAT), Visceral Adipose Tissue surface (VAT), Vessel-to-Skin distance (VSK), Abdominal Perimeter (AP), and Psoas surface. A multivariable logistic regression model with BMI was compared to a model containing morphometric variables to determine the best predictive model for surgical complications. RESULTS 248 patients were included, 15 (6%) experienced transplant nephrectomy, 18 (7.3%) urinary leakage, and 29 (11.7%) subcapsular renal hematoma. Multivariable logistic regression evidenced that sarcopenia and VSK were risk factors of surgical complication within a year post-transplantation (respectively, OR = 0.9, 95%CI (0.8-0.9), p = 0.04 and OR = 1.2, 95%CI (1.1-1.3), p = 0.002). Area under the curve for a predictive model including VSK, age and psoas surface was 0.69, whereas BMI model was 0.65. CONCLUSION Combined morphometric parameters of obesity were associated with surgical complications in kidney transplantation. Morphometric threshold may provide a more accurate and objective criteria than BMI to evaluate kidney transplantation outcomes. External validation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Pinar
- Department of Urology, Hôpital de Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France.
- Department of Urology and Transplantation Surgery, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, 78 rue du général Leclerc, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France.
| | - Xavier Rod
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Arthur Mageau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Créteil, 94010, France
| | - Yohann Renard
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Reims, Champagne-Ardenne University, Robert Debré University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Cedric Lebacle
- Department of Urology, Hôpital de Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France
| | - Benoit Barrou
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Sarah Drouin
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Jacques Irani
- Department of Urology, Hôpital de Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France
| | - Thomas Bessede
- Department of Urology, Hôpital de Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94270, France
- U1195, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, 94276, France
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116
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Ose J, Holowatyj AN, Nattenmüller J, Gigic B, Lin T, Himbert C, Habermann N, Achaintre D, Scalbert A, Keski-Rahkonen P, Böhm J, Schrotz-King P, Schneider M, Ulrich A, Kampman E, Weijenberg M, Gsur A, Ueland PM, Kauczor HU, Ulrich CM. Metabolomics profiling of visceral and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in colorectal cancer patients: results from the ColoCare study. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:723-735. [PMID: 32430684 PMCID: PMC7425810 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01312-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Underlying mechanisms of the relationship between body fatness and colorectal cancer remain unclear. This study investigated associations of circulating metabolites with visceral (VFA), abdominal subcutaneous (SFA), and total fat area (TFA) in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS Pre-surgery plasma samples from 212 patients (stage I-IV) from the ColoCare Study were used to perform targeted metabolomics. VFA, SFA, and TFA were quantified by computed tomography scans. Partial correlation and linear regression analyses of VFA, SFA, and TFA with metabolites were computed and corrected for multiple testing. Cox proportional hazards were used to assess 2-year survival. RESULTS In patients with metastatic tumors, SFA and TFA were statistically significantly inversely associated with 16 glycerophospholipids (SFA: pFDR range 0.017-0.049; TFA: pFDR range 0.029-0.048), while VFA was not. Doubling of ten of the aforementioned glycerophospholipids was associated with increased risk of death in patients with metastatic tumors, but not in patients with non-metastatic tumors (phet range: 0.00044-0.049). Doubling of PC ae C34:0 was associated with ninefold increased risk of death in metastatic tumors (Hazard Ratio [HR], 9.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.17-37.80); an inverse association was observed in non-metastatic tumors (HR 0.17; 95% CI 0.04-0.87; phet = 0.00044). CONCLUSION These data provide initial evidence that glycerophospholipids in metastatic colorectal cancer are uniquely associated with subcutaneous adiposity, and may impact overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Ose
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Andreana N Holowatyj
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Johanna Nattenmüller
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Biljana Gigic
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tengda Lin
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Caroline Himbert
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nina Habermann
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Achaintre
- International Agency Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Jürgen Böhm
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Petra Schrotz-King
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schneider
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexis Ulrich
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ellen Kampman
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matty Weijenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gsur
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Bahadir Ülger FE. Effect of visceral fat tissue on superior mesenteric artery configuration: Is it superior to BMI? TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2020; 31:433-440. [PMID: 32721914 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2020.19477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine the effect of visceral fat volume measured via computed tomography (CT) images of umbilical slices on superior mesenteric artery (SMA) configuration, as compared with body mass index (BMI). In addition, this study aims to determine the effect of lumbar lordosis angle (LLA) on SMA configuration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 310 patients who underwent abdominal CT. On CT images, the aortomesenteric angle (AMA), the distance between SMA and aorta at three levels, and LLA were measured. Visceral fat volume was measured using three consecutive images obtained at the level of the umbilicus. The relationship among AMA, and distances measured between SMA and aorta, and visceral fat tissue volume were determined. The effect of LLA on AMA and distances measured between SMA and aorta was analyzed. RESULTS There was a significant positive correlation between visceral fat volume, and patient age, AMA, distances between SMA and aorta, LLA, and BMI (p<0.001). There were not any significant differences in AMA, distances between SMA and aorta, BMI, or visceral fat volume between the patients with an LLA of 20°-45° and those with an LLA >45° (p>0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between BMI, and AMA, distances between SMA and aorta (p<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between visceral fat volume, and AMA, distances between SMA and aorta (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Visceral fat tissue volume is more valuable than BMI for evaluating the SMA configuration.
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The Short-Term Renal Effects of Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Study Between Sleeve Gastrectomy and One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Operations Among Egyptian Patients With Severe Obesity. Obes Surg 2020; 30:4494-4504. [PMID: 32700183 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is a major health problem with many renal sequelae. Bariatric surgery (BS) has become the treatment of choice for severe obesity. This study was conducted to assess the short-term renal effects of BS and to compare such effects between two distinct forms of BS. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-center non-randomized prospective observational study was conducted on 57 patients with severe obesity. Two distinct forms of BS have been performed; laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). Anthropometric measurements, 24-h urinary creatinine clearance (CLCr), protein and oxalate excretion, and abdominal fat tissue analysis by computerized tomography were performed prior to surgery and 6 months later. RESULTS LSG and OAGB were performed in 47 and 10 participants, respectively. BS resulted in pronounced reduction of body mass index (- 27.1% ± 7.11), with no substantial weight loss discrepancy between LSG and OAGB. The median percent change in 24-h urinary CLCr and protein and oxalate excretion were - 35.7, - 42.2, and - 5.8, respectively. The median (IQR) percent change of urinary oxalate excretion was - 11.1 (- 22.6, - 1.4) and 113.08 (82.5, 179.7) for LSG and OAGB, respectively (p < 0.001). The subcutaneous abdominal fat surface area has been found to be the significant predictor of the persistence of glomerular hyperfiltration after BS. CONCLUSION Both LSG and OAGB can alleviate many of the obesity-related pathological renal changes. However, postoperative hyperoxaluria remains a serious issue particularly in OAGB. Detailed radiological abdominal fat tissue analysis by CT may aid in predicting the renal outcome following BS.
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Macek P, Biskup M, Terek-Derszniak M, Krol H, Smok-Kalwat J, Gozdz S, Zak M. Optimal cut-off values for anthropometric measures of obesity in screening for cardiometabolic disorders in adults. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11253. [PMID: 32647283 PMCID: PMC7347554 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of body fat (BF) promotes obesity, whilst posing a significant health hazard. There being no agreed, optimal quantifying methods, application of BF variable in clinical practice is not deemed an effective assessment option. The study, involving 4,735 patients (33.6% men), aged 45-64, aimed to identify optimal cut-off values for anthropometric indicators of obesity to evaluate cardiometabolic risk. A minimum P-value approach was applied to calculate the cut-offs for BF%. Threshold values for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height (WHTR) ratio, facilitating optimal differentiation of cardiometabolic risk, were based on BF%, expressed as a binary classifier. The newly estimated cut-off values for predicting cardiometabolic risk, based on BMI, were lower than the referential obesity thresholds, whereas the threshold values of WC, WHR, and WHTR were higher. Apart from dyslipidemia, the odds of cardiometabolic disorders were higher, when the anthropometric indicators under study exceeded the cut-off points in both sexes. The proposed cut-offs proved instrumental in predicting cardiometabolic risk, whilst highlighting diagnostic and clinical potential of BF%, whereas BMI boasted the highest predictive potential. Cardiometabolic risk also proved significantly higher even in the overweight patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Macek
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Biskup
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Rehabilitation, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Halina Krol
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
- Research and Education Department, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Stanislaw Gozdz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
- Clinical Oncology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | - Marek Zak
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland.
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de Araújo IM, Parreiras-E-Silva LT, Carvalho AL, Elias J, Salmon CEG, de Paula FJA. Insulin resistance negatively affects bone quality not quantity: the relationship between bone and adipose tissue. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:1125-1133. [PMID: 32108240 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study suggests that insulin resistance has no association with bone quantity, but quality. INTRODUCTION The literature has contradictory results concerning the influence of insulin resistance on bone. The present study sought to evaluate the association of insulin resistance and adipose tissue with either bone mineral density or the trabecular bone score. METHODS The study included 56 individuals (36 women and 20 men): age = 46.6 ± 14.2 years, weight = 67.8 ± 10.9 kg, height = 1.65 ± 0.10 m and BMI = 24.8 ± 3.9 kg/m2. The investigational protocol included biochemical determinations and bone assessment by dual X-ray absorptiometry for evaluation of bone mineral density and trabecular bone score. Magnetic resonance was employed to estimate visceral, subcutaneous and bone marrow adipose tissues, as well as intrahepatic lipids. RESULTS The bone mineral density of the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip were not associated with insulin resistance-related parameters [visceral adipose tissue, intrahepatic lipids and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)]. In contrast, there was a negative relationship between the trabecular bone score and all these components. The association between the trabecular bone score and HOMA-IR was reinforced after adjustment for age and BMI. Marrow adipose tissue was negatively associated with both bone mineral density and trabecular bone score. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that the trabecular bone score is negatively associated with marrow adipose tissue, insulin resistance, visceral adipose tissue and intrahepatic lipid measurements. Additionally, there was a negative relationship between saturated lipids in marrow adipose tissue and the trabecular bone score. These results encourage further studies to investigate the role of the trabecular bone score exam in the clinical evaluation of osteoporosis in conditions of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M de Araújo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - L T Parreiras-E-Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - A L Carvalho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - J Elias
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - C E G Salmon
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences, and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, USP, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - F J A de Paula
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
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Discussion: High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation Combined with Electrical Passive Exercise for Fast Removal of Body Fat. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 145:1439-1441. [PMID: 32459774 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Macek P, Biskup M, Terek-Derszniak M, Stachura M, Krol H, Gozdz S, Zak M. Optimal Body Fat Percentage Cut-Off Values in Predicting the Obesity-Related Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1587-1597. [PMID: 32494175 PMCID: PMC7229792 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s248444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reliable obesity assessment is essential in evaluating the risk of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs). Non-availability of clearly defined cut-offs for body fat percentage (BF%), as well as a widespread application of surrogate measures for obesity assessment, may result in incorrect prediction of cardio-metabolic risk. PURPOSE The study aimed to determine optimal cut-off points for BF%, with a view of predicting the CRFs related to obesity. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study involved 4735 (33.6% of men) individuals, the Polish-Norwegian Study (PONS) participants, aged 45-64. BF% was measured with the aid of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method. The gender-specific cut-offs of BF% were found with respect to at least one CRF. A P-value approach, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were pursued for BF% cut-offs, which optimally differentiated normal from the risk groups. The associations between BF% and CRFs were determined by logistic regression models. RESULTS The cut-offs for BF% were established as 25.8% for men and 37.1% for women. With the exception of dyslipidemia, in men and women whose BF% was above the cut-offs, the odds for developing CRFs ranged 2-4 times higher than those whose BF% was below the cut-offs. CONCLUSION Controlling BF% below the thresholds indicating an increased health hazard may be instrumental in appreciably reducing overall exposure to developing cardio-metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Macek
- Department of Physical Activity, Posturology, and Gerontology, Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Biskup
- Department of Physical Activity, Posturology, and Gerontology, Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Rehabilitation, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Michal Stachura
- Department of Economics and Finance, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Halina Krol
- Department of Physical Activity, Posturology, and Gerontology, Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Clinical Oncology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Gozdz
- Department of Physical Activity, Posturology, and Gerontology, Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Research and Education Department, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Marek Zak
- Department of Physical Activity, Posturology, and Gerontology, Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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Liu J, Fan D, Wang X, Yin F. Association of two novel adiposity indicators with visceral fat area in type 2 diabetic patients: Novel adiposity indexes for type 2 diabetes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20046. [PMID: 32384466 PMCID: PMC7220767 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the performance of 2 novel adiposity indicators, body shape index (ABSI), and body roundness index (BRI), to determine the accumulation of visceral fat in type 2 diabetic patients.A cross-sectional study was performed on 233 type 2 diabetic patients from Qinhuangdao, China. Visceral fat area (VFA) was measured using bioelectrical impedance. Accumulation of visceral fat was defined as VFA ≥ 100 cm.In diabetic males, the area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.904 for waist circumference (WC), 0.923 for BRI, and 0.788 for ABSI. In diabetic females, the AUC values were 0.894 for WC, 0.915 for BRI, and 0.668 for ABSI. The AUCs were similar between BRI and WC (P > .05). The AUC for ABSI was lower compared to WC and BRI (P < .05). The optimal cut-off for BRI was 4.25 for diabetic males (sensitivity = 87.8% and specificity = 81.1%) and 4.75 for diabetic females (sensitivity = 80.8% and specificity = 88.1%).BRI was an effective indicator for determining the accumulation of visceral fat in type 2 diabetic patients, however, it was not better compared to WC.
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Pinar U, Renard Y, Bedretdinova D, Parier B, Hammoudi Y, Irani J, Bessede T. Temporary contraindication of obese recipients in kidney transplantation: A new morphometric tool for decision support. Clin Transplant 2020; 34:e13829. [PMID: 32065442 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morbid obesity, based on body mass index (BMI) and/or clinical examination, can be a temporary contraindication (TCI) of kidney transplantation. However, BMI alone does not evaluate the intra- or extra-peritoneal distribution of fatty tissue, and clinical examination alone is subjective. The objective was to evaluate the interest of morphometric criteria to ensure reproducible and consensual decision of TCI. METHODS We retrospectively included patients with a BMI >30 transplanted or temporarily contraindicated because of their weight from 2012 to 2017. The following measurements were performed on CT scan sections using a semiautomatic Hounsfield density detection software: subcutaneous adipose tissue surface (SAT), visceral adipose tissue surface (VAT), vessel-to-skin distance (VSK), abdominal perimeter (AP), and psoas index. Performance of morphometric measures to predict TCI was assessed through ROC analysis. RESULTS Ninety-seven patients were included: 76 kidney transplant recipients and 21 on the TCI list. The area under the curve (AUC, 95%CI) for the BMI model to predict TCI was 0.81 (0.72-0.90). A 5-variable model including BMI, VAT, VSK, AP, and age gave an AUC of 0.88 (0.78-0.98). CONCLUSIONS Morphometric obesity parameters are associated with TCI decision-making for kidney transplantation: When combined with BMI in a "morphometric tool," they were predictive of a TCI decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Pinar
- Department of Urology, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Yohann Renard
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Champagne-Ardenne University, Robert Debré University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Dina Bedretdinova
- Gender, sexual and reproductive health, CESP Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, INSERM, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Bastien Parier
- Department of Urology, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Yacine Hammoudi
- Department of Urology, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jacques Irani
- Department of Urology, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Thomas Bessede
- Department of Urology, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Pajuelo-Ramírez J, Torres-Aparcana H, Agüero-Zamora R, Quispe AM. Altitude and its inverse association with abdominal obesity in an Andean country: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2019; 8:1738. [PMID: 31824671 PMCID: PMC6896245 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20707.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Abdominal obesity represents an accurate predictor of overall morbidity and mortality, which is worrisome because it is also continuously increasing across Andean countries. However, its relationship with altitude remains unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the association between altitude and abdominal obesity in Peru, and how sociodemographic variables impact this association. Methods: We estimated the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Peru and analyzed its association with altitude using the data from the 2012-2013 National Household Survey (ENAHO). During this survey, a representative sample of Peruvians was screened for abdominal obesity, using waist circumference as a proxy, and the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines cutoffs. Results: Data were analyzed from a sample of 20,489 Peruvians (51% male). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was estimated at 33.6% (95% CI: 32.5 to 34.6%). In Peru, altitude was significantly and inversely associated with abdominal obesity, decreasing with higher altitudes: 1500-2999 meters above mean sea level (MAMSL) vs <1500 MAMSL, adjusted prevalence rate [aPR]= 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75 to 0.97); ≥3000 MAMSL vs <1500 MAMSL, aPR= 0.98 (95% CI: 0.87 to 1.11), when adjusting by age, gender and residence area (rural/urban). However, this association was significantly modified by age and gender ( p< 0.001). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity is highly prevalent in Peru and decreases significantly with altitude, but age and gender modify this association. Thus, abdominal obesity appears to affect older women from low altitudes more than younger men from high altitudes.
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Boone S, Mook-Kanamori D, Rosendaal F, den Heijer M, Lamb H, de Roos A, le Cessie S, Willems van Dijk K, de Mutsert R. Metabolomics: a search for biomarkers of visceral fat and liver fat content. Metabolomics 2019; 15:139. [PMID: 31587110 PMCID: PMC6778586 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1599-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTODUCTION Excess visceral and liver fat are known risk factors for cardiometabolic disorders. Metabolomics might allow for easier quantification of these ectopic fat depots, instead of using invasive and costly tools such as MRI or approximations such as waist circumference. OBJECTIVE We explored the potential use of plasma metabolites as biomarkers of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and hepatic triglyceride content (HTGC). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a subset of the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study. Plasma metabolite profiles were determined using the Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ p150 kit in 176 individuals with normal fasting plasma glucose. VAT was assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and HTGC with proton-MR spectroscopy. We used linear regression to investigate the associations of 190 metabolite variables with VAT and HTGC. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, total body fat, currently used approximations of visceral and liver fat, and multiple testing, three metabolite ratios were associated with VAT. The strongest association was the lysophosphatidylcholines to total phosphatidylcholines (PCs) ratio [- 14.1 (95% CI - 21.7; - 6.6) cm2 VAT per SD of metabolite concentration]. Four individual metabolites were associated with HTGC, especially the diacyl PCs of which C32:1 was the strongest at a 1.31 (95% CI 1.14; 1.51) fold increased HTGC per SD of metabolite concentration. CONCLUSION Metabolomics may be a useful tool to identify biomarkers of visceral fat and liver fat content that have added diagnostic value over current approximations. Replication studies are required to validate the diagnostic value of these metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Boone
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone C7-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Dennis Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone C7-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frits Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone C7-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin den Heijer
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone C7-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hildo Lamb
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert de Roos
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia le Cessie
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone C7-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone C7-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Hilmi M, Jouinot A, Burns R, Pigneur F, Mounier R, Gondin J, Neuzillet C, Goldwasser F. Body composition and sarcopenia: The next-generation of personalized oncology and pharmacology? Pharmacol Ther 2018; 196:135-159. [PMID: 30521882 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Body composition has gained increasing attention in oncology in recent years due to fact that sarcopenia has been revealed to be a strong prognostic indicator for survival across multiple stages and cancer types and a predictive factor for toxicity and surgery complications. Accumulating evidence over the last decade has unraveled the "pharmacology" of sarcopenia. Lean body mass may be more relevant to define drug dosing than the "classical" body surface area or flat-fixed dosing in patients with cancer. Since sarcopenia has a major impact on patient survival and quality of life, therapeutic interventions aiming at reducing muscle loss have been developed and are being prospectively evaluated in randomized controlled trials. It is now acknowledged that this supportive care dimension of oncological management is essential to ensure the success of any anticancer treatment. The field of sarcopenia and body composition in cancer is developing quickly, with (i) the newly identified concept of sarcopenic obesity defined as a specific pathophysiological entity, (ii) unsolved issues regarding the best evaluation modalities and cut-off for definition of sarcopenia on imaging, (iii) first results from clinical trials evaluating physical activity, and (iv) emerging body-composition-tailored drug administration schemes. In this context, we propose a comprehensive review providing a panoramic approach of the clinical, pharmacological and therapeutic implications of sarcopenia and body composition in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hilmi
- Department of Medical Oncology, CAncer Research for PErsonalized Medicine (CARPEM), Paris Centre Teaching Hospitals, Paris Descartes University, USPC, Paris, France
| | - Anne Jouinot
- Department of Medical Oncology, CAncer Research for PErsonalized Medicine (CARPEM), Paris Centre Teaching Hospitals, Paris Descartes University, USPC, Paris, France
| | - Robert Burns
- Department of Radiology, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Frédéric Pigneur
- Department of Radiology, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Rémi Mounier
- Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG) CNRS 5310 - INSERM U1217 - UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Gondin
- Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG) CNRS 5310 - INSERM U1217 - UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Curie Institute, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Saint-Cloud, France, and GERCOR group, Paris, France.
| | - François Goldwasser
- Department of Medical Oncology, CAncer Research for PErsonalized Medicine (CARPEM), Paris Centre Teaching Hospitals, Paris Descartes University, USPC, Paris, France
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Impact of Abdominal Visceral Adiposity on Adult Asthma Symptoms. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2018; 7:1222-1229.e5. [PMID: 30476681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown the association of anthropometric measures with poor asthma symptoms, especially among women. However, the potential influence of visceral adiposity on asthma symptoms has not been investigated well. OBJECTIVE In this study, we have evaluated whether visceral adiposity is related to poor adult asthma symptoms independent of anthropometric measures and sex. If this relationship presented, we investigated whether it is explained by influence on pulmonary functions and/or obesity-related comorbidities. METHODS We analyzed data from 206 subjects with asthma from Japan. In addition to anthropometric measures (body mass index and waist circumference), abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat were assessed by computed tomography scan. Quality of life was assessed using the Japanese version of the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. RESULTS All obesity indices had inverse association with reduced asthma quality of life among females. However, only the visceral fat area showed a statistical inverse association with Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire in males. Only abdominal visceral fat was associated with higher gastroesophageal reflux disease and depression scores. Although all obesity indices showed inverse association with functional residual capacity, only visceral fat area had a significant inverse association with FEV1 % predicted, independent of other obesity indices. CONCLUSIONS Regardless of sex, abdominal visceral fat was associated with reduced asthma quality of life independent of other obesity indices, and this may be explained by the impact of abdominal visceral fat on reduced FEV1 % predicted and higher risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease and depression. Therefore, visceral adiposity may have more clinical influence than any other obesity indices on asthma symptoms.
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Naderi N, Kleine CE, Park C, Hsiung JT, Soohoo M, Tantisattamo E, Streja E, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Moradi H. Obesity Paradox in Advanced Kidney Disease: From Bedside to the Bench. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 61:168-181. [PMID: 29981348 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
While obesity is associated with a variety of complications including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and premature death, observational studies have also found that obesity and increasing body mass index (BMI) can be linked with improved survival in certain patient populations, including those with conditions marked by protein-energy wasting and dysmetabolism that ultimately lead to cachexia. The latter observations have been reported in various clinical settings including end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and have been described as the "obesity paradox" or "reverse epidemiology", engendering controversy. While some have attributed the obesity paradox to residual confounding in an effort to "debunk" these observations, recent experimental discoveries provide biologically plausible mechanisms in which higher BMI can be linked to longevity in certain groups of patients. In addition, sophisticated epidemiologic methods that extensively adjusted for confounding have found that the obesity paradox remains robust in ESRD. Furthermore, novel hypotheses suggest that weight loss and cachexia can be linked to adverse outcomes including cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, sudden death and poor outcomes. Therefore, the survival benefit observed in obese ESRD patients can at least partly be derived from mechanisms that protect against inefficient energy utilization, cachexia and protein-energy wasting. Given that in ESRD patients, treatment of traditional risk factors has failed to alter outcomes, detailed translational studies of the obesity paradox may help identify innovative pathways that can be targeted to improve survival. We have reviewed recent clinical evidence detailing the association of BMI with outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease, including ESRD, and discuss potential mechanisms underlying the obesity paradox with potential for clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Naderi
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA; Department of Internal Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Carola-Ellen Kleine
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA; Nephrology Section, Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA
| | - Christina Park
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA; Nephrology Section, Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA
| | - Jui-Ting Hsiung
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA; Nephrology Section, Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA
| | - Melissa Soohoo
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA; Nephrology Section, Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; Dept. of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ekamol Tantisattamo
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA
| | - Elani Streja
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA; Nephrology Section, Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA
| | - Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA; Nephrology Section, Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA; Dept. of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA.
| | - Hamid Moradi
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA; Nephrology Section, Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, CA.
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