101
|
Du JK, Yu Q, Liu YJ, Du SF, Huang LY, Xu DH, Ni X, Zhu XY. A novel role of kallikrein-related peptidase 8 in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiac fibrosis. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4207-4231. [PMID: 33754057 PMCID: PMC7977470 DOI: 10.7150/thno.48530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Among all the diabetic complications, diabetic cardiomyopathy, which is characterized by myocyte loss and myocardial fibrosis, is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients. Tissue kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are secreted serine proteases, that have distinct and overlapping roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. However, whether KLKs are involved in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy remains unknown.The present study aimed to determine the role of a specific KLK in the initiation of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) during the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results-By screening gene expression profiles of KLKs, it was found that KLK8 was highly induced in the myocardium of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. KLK8 deficiency attenuated diabetic cardiac fibrosis, and rescued the impaired cardiac function in diabetic mice. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated KLK8 knockdown significantly attenuated high glucose-induced endothelial damage and EndMT in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). Diabetes-induced endothelial injury and cardiac EndMT were significantly alleviated in KLK8-deficient mice. In addition, transgenic overexpression of KLK8 led to interstitial and perivascular cardiac fibrosis, endothelial injury and EndMT in the heart. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of KLK8 (Ad-KLK8) resulted in increases in endothelial cell damage, permeability and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 release in HCAECs. KLK8 overexpression also induced EndMT in HCAECs, which was alleviated by a TGF-β1-neutralizing antibody. A specificity protein-1 (Sp-1) consensus site was identified in the human KLK8 promoter and was found to mediate the high glucose-induced KLK8 expression. Mechanistically, it was identified that the vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin/plakoglobin complex may associate with KLK8 in HCAECs. KLK8 cleaved the VE-cadherin extracellular domain, thus promoting plakoglobin nuclear translocation. Plakoglobin was required for KLK8-induced EndMT by cooperating with p53. KLK8 overexpression led to plakoglobin-dependent association of p53 with hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which further enhanced the transactivation effect of HIF-1α on the TGF-β1 promoter. KLK8 also induced the binding of p53 with Smad3, subsequently promoting pro-EndMT reprogramming via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in HCAECs. The in vitro and in vivo findings further demonstrated that high glucose may promote plakoglobin-dependent cooperation of p53 with HIF-1α and Smad3, subsequently increasing the expression of TGF-β1 and the pro-EndMT target genes of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in a KLK8-dependent manner. Conclusions: The present findings uncovered a novel pro-EndMT mechanism during the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiac fibrosis via the upregulation of KLK8, and may contribute to the development of future KLK8-based therapeutic strategies for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
|
102
|
Morgulis M, Winter MR, Shternhell L, Gildor T, Ben-Tabou de-Leon S. VEGF signaling activates the matrix metalloproteinases, MmpL7 and MmpL5 at the sites of active skeletal growth and MmpL7 regulates skeletal elongation. Dev Biol 2021; 473:80-89. [PMID: 33577829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Organisms can uptake minerals, shape them in different forms and generate teeth, skeletons or shells that support and protect them. Mineral uptake, trafficking and nucleation are tightly regulated by the biomineralizing cells through networks of specialized proteins. Specifically, matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) digest various extracellular substrates and allow for mineralization in the vertebrates' teeth and bones, but little is known about their role in invertebrates' systems. The sea urchin embryo provides an excellent invertebrate model for genetic and molecular studies of biomineralization. MMP inhibition prevents the growth of the calcite spicules of the sea urchin larval skeleton, however, the molecular mechanisms and genes that underlie this response are not well understood. Here we study the spatial expression and regulation of two membrane type MMPs that were found to be occluded in the sea urchin spicules, Pl-MmpL7 and Pl-MmpL5, and investigate the function of Pl-MmpL7 in skeletogenesis. The inhibition of MMPs does not change the volume of the calcium vesicles in the skeletogenic cells. The expression of Pl-MmpL7 and Pl-MmpL5 is regulated by the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) signaling, from the time of skeleton initiation and on. The expression of these genes is localized to the subsets of skeletogenic cells where active spicule growth occurs throughout skeletogenesis. Downregulation of Pl-MmpL7 expression delays the growth of the skeletal rods and in some cases, strongly perturbs skeletal shape. The localized expression of Pl-MmpL7 and Pl-MmpL5 to the active growth zone and the effect of Pl-MmpL7 perturbations on skeletal growth, suggest that these genes are essential for normal spicule elongation in the sea urchin embryo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miri Morgulis
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - Mark R Winter
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - Ligal Shternhell
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - Tsvia Gildor
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 31905, Israel
| | - Smadar Ben-Tabou de-Leon
- Department of Marine Biology, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 31905, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Wu W, Zhang S, Zhang T, Mu Y. Immobilized Droplet Arrays in Thermosetting Oil for Dynamic Proteolytic Assays of Single Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:6081-6090. [PMID: 33504155 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in tumor progression. The study of dynamic MMPs activity at the single-cell level can dissect tumor heterogeneity in the time domain and facilitate finding out more efficient clinical solutions for tumor treatment. Due to the fluidity of the carrier oil, the existing droplet-based methods for single-cell MMP analysis rarely have the capability to track proteolytic assays in droplets continuously. Therefore, we describe a thermosetting oil for real-time monitoring of MMP assays in droplets, which can immobilize droplets by transforming into solid after droplet generation. The solidification of this oil can be accomplished in 33 min at 37 °C, basing on the hydrosilation of vinyl silicone oil and hydrosilicone oil without other inducers (e.g. UV, Ca2+). Through monitoring the MMP assays of single cells, the reaction rates can be calculated according to real-time fluorescent curves, showing significant cell heterogeneity in MMP activity. Moreover, the dynamic MMP activity reveals that some of the A549 cells transiently secrete MMP. In conclusion, the thermosetting oil enables immobilize droplets to achieve real-time monitoring of single-cell proteolytic activity without impairing the flexibility of droplet microfluidics and has a potential in other cell-based assays for providing dynamic information at high resolutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuai Wu
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Ying Mu
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Dang Y, Gao N, Niu H, Guan Y, Fan Z, Guan J. Targeted Delivery of a Matrix Metalloproteinases-2 Specific Inhibitor Using Multifunctional Nanogels to Attenuate Ischemic Skeletal Muscle Degeneration and Promote Revascularization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:5907-5918. [PMID: 33506676 PMCID: PMC8007230 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a severe form of peripheral artery disease (PAD). It is featured by degenerated skeletal muscle and poor vascularization. During the development of CLI, the upregulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) degrades muscle extracellular matrix to initiate the degeneration. Meanwhile, MMP-2 is necessary for blood vessel formation. It is thus hypothesized that appropriate MMP-2 bioactivity in ischemic limbs will not only attenuate muscle degeneration but also promote blood vessel formation. Herein, we developed ischemia-targeting poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based nanogels to specifically deliver an MMP-2 inhibitor CTTHWGFTLC (CTT) into ischemic limbs to tailor MMP-2 bioactivity. Besides acting as an MMP-2 inhibitor, CTT promoted endothelial cell migration under conditions mimicking the ischemic limbs. The nanogels were sensitive to the pH of ischemic tissues, allowing them to largely aggregate in the injured area. To help reduce nanogel uptake by macrophages and increase circulation time, the nanogels were cloaked with a platelet membrane. An ischemia-targeting peptide CSTSMLKA (CST) was further conjugated on the platelet membrane for targeted delivery of nanogels into the ischemic area. CTT gradually released from the nanogels for 4 weeks. The nanogels mostly accumulated in the ischemic area for 28 days. The released CTT preserved collagen in the muscle and promoted its regeneration. In addition, CTT stimulated angiogenesis. Four weeks after CLI, the blood flow and vessel density of the ischemic limbs treated with the nanogels were remarkably higher than the control groups without CTT release. These results demonstrate that the developed nanogel-based CTT release system has the potential to stimulate ischemic limb regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ning Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Hong Niu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ya Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zhaobo Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jianjun Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Hao SY, Qi ZY, Wang S, Wang XR, Chen SW. Synthesis and bioevaluation of N-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amines as tubulin polymerization inhibitors with anti-angiogenic effects. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 31:115985. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
106
|
Guan JH, Cao ZY, Guan B, Wei LH, Peng J, Chen YQ, Sferra TJ, Sankararaman S, Zhan ZX, Lin JM. Effect of Babao Dan on angiogenesis of gastric cancer in vitro by regulating VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling pathway. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:953-965. [PMID: 35116423 PMCID: PMC8798656 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background To further elucidate the anti-angiogenesis effect of Babao Dan (BBD) in vitro, gastric cancer (GC) cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to evaluate the regulation role of BBD by vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) signaling pathway. Methods After induced by VEGFA, GC cells (AGS, MGC80-3 and BGC823) were treated by different concentrations of BBD and then were detected cell viability, migration and VEGFA level. And the anti-angiogenesis effect of BBD was evaluated with HUVECs. To furtherly mimic the tumor microenvironment of angiogenesis, VEGFA as an inducer (10 ng/mL) was used to trigger a cascade of angiogenesis of HUVECs in vitro. Results The viability and migration of GC cells with VEGFA-induced or non-induced and VEGFA levels in GC cells were significantly inhibited by BBD with concentration-dependent manner (P<0.01). BBD significantly inhibited the HUVECs viability with concentration-dependent manner (P<0.01), which was consistent with the inhibitory action on augmentation of cell viability induced by VEGFA (P<0.01). BBD exhibited the similar inhibitory trend on cyto behavioral variability such as wound repairing (P<0.05), migration (P<0.01) and tube formation (P<0.01) and activation effect on cell apoptosis rate (P<0.01) with VEGFA-induced or non-induced. Moreover, BBD notably regulated the levels of VEGFA, VEGFR2, matrix metalloprotein 2 (MMP2) and matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP9) of HUVECs on present or absent of VEGFA with dose-dependent manner. Conclusions BBD inhibited GC growth against VEGFA-induced angiogenesis of HUVECs by VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling pathway in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Guan
- Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yun Cao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Guan
- Xiamen Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Li-Hui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - You-Qin Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Thomas Joseph Sferra
- Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Senthilkumar Sankararaman
- Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zhi-Xue Zhan
- Xiamen Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Jiu-Mao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Hasbum A, Quintanilla J, Jr JA, Ding MH, Levy A, Chew SA. Strategies to better treat glioblastoma: antiangiogenic agents and endothelial cell targeting agents. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:393-418. [PMID: 33399488 PMCID: PMC7888526 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive form of glioma, with poor prognosis and high mortality rates. As GBM is a highly vascularized cancer, antiangiogenic therapies to halt or minimize the rate of tumor growth are critical to improving treatment. In this review, antiangiogenic therapies, including small-molecule drugs, nucleic acids and proteins and peptides, are discussed. The authors further explore biomaterials that have been utilized to increase the bioavailability and bioactivity of antiangiogenic factors for better antitumor responses in GBM. Finally, the authors summarize the current status of biomaterial-based targeting moieties that target endothelial cells in GBM to more efficiently deliver therapeutics to these cells and avoid off-target cell or organ side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asbiel Hasbum
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA
| | - Jaqueline Quintanilla
- Department of Health & Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78526, USA
| | - Juan A Amieva Jr
- Department of Health & Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78526, USA
| | - May-Hui Ding
- Department of Health & Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78526, USA
| | - Arkene Levy
- Dr Kiran C Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, FL 33314, USA
| | - Sue Anne Chew
- Department of Health & Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78526, USA
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Blume C, Geiger MF, Müller M, Clusmann H, Mainz V, Kalder J, Brandenburg LO, Mueller CA. Decreased angiogenesis as a possible pathomechanism in cervical degenerative myelopathy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2497. [PMID: 33510227 PMCID: PMC7843718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous immune mediated reactions of inflammation and angiogenesis are components of the spinal cord injury in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). The aim of this study was to identify alteration of certain mediators participating in angiogenetic and inflammatory reactions in patients with DCM. A consecutive series of 42 patients with DCM and indication for surgical decompression were enrolled for the study. 28 DCM patients were included, as CSF samples were taken preoperatively. We enrolled 42 patients requiring surgery for a thoracic abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) as neurologically healthy controls. In 38 TAAA patients, CSF samples were taken prior to surgery and thus included. We evaluated the neurological status of patients and controls prior to surgery including NDI and mJOA. Protein-concentrations of factors with a crucial role in inflammation and angiogenesis were measured in CSF via ELISA testing (pg/ml): Angiopoietin 2, VEGF-A and C, RANTES, IL 1 beta and IL 8. Additionally, evaluated the status of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) by Reibers´diagnostic in all participants. Groups evidently differed in their neurological status (mJOA: DCM 10.1 ± 3.3, TAAA 17.3 ± 1.2, p < .001; NDI: DCM 47.4 ± 19.7, TAAA 5.3 ± 8.6, p < .001). There were no particular differences in age and gender distribution. However, we detected statistically significant differences in concentrations of mediators between the groups: Angiopoietin 2 (DCM 267.1.4 ± 81.9, TAAA 408.6 ± 177.1, p < .001) and VEGF C (DCM 152.2 ± 96.1, TAAA 222.4 ± 140.3, p = .04). DCM patients presented a mild to moderate BSCB disruption, controls had no signs of impairment. In patients with DCM, we measured decreased concentrations of angiogenic mediators. These results correspond to findings of immune mediated secondary harm in acute spinal cord injury. Reduced angiogenic activity could be a relevant part of the pathogenesis of DCM and secondary harm to the spinal cord.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Blume
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - M F Geiger
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Müller
- Department of Neuroradiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - H Clusmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - V Mainz
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 19, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Kalder
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Gießen University, Rudolf-Buchheim-str. 7, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - L O Brandenburg
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Gertrudenstrasse 9, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - C A Mueller
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Salyers ZR, Coleman M, Balestrieri NP, Ryan TE. Indoxyl sulfate impairs angiogenesis via chronic aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C240-C249. [PMID: 33406025 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00262.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a substantial increased risk of cardiovascular disease. There is growing evidence that uremic metabolites, which accumulate in the blood with CKD, have detrimental impacts on endothelial cell health and function. However, the molecular mechanisms by which uremic metabolites negatively impact endothelial cell biology are not fully understood. In this study, activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) via indoxyl sulfate, a known uremic metabolite, was found to impair endothelial cell tube formation and proliferation but not migratory function. Moreover, aortic ring cultures treated with indoxyl sulfate also exhibited decreased sprouting and high AHR activation. Next, genetic knockdown of the AHR using shRNA was found to rescue endothelial cell tube formation, proliferation, and aortic ring sprouting. Similarly, pharmacological AHR antagonism using resveratrol and CH223191 were also found to rescue angiogenesis in cell and aortic ring cultures. Finally, a constitutively active AHR (CAAHR) vector was generated and used to confirm AHR-specific effects. Expression of the CAAHR recapitulated the impaired tube formation and proliferation in cultured endothelial cells and decreased sprouting in aortic ring cultures. Taken together, these data define the impact of AHR activation on angiogenesis and highlight the potential for therapeutic AHR antagonists, which may improve angiogenesis in the context of CKD and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R Salyers
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Madeline Coleman
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Nicholas P Balestrieri
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Terence E Ryan
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.,Center for Exercise Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Understanding angiogenesis and the role of angiogenic growth factors in the vascularisation of engineered tissues. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:941-950. [PMID: 33393005 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a rapidly developing field with many potential clinical applications in tissue and organ regeneration. The development of a mature and stable vasculature within these engineered tissues (ET) remains a significant obstacle. Currently, several growth factors (GFs) have been identified to play key roles within in vivo angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), FGF and angiopoietins. In this article we attempt to build on in vivo principles to review the single, dual and multiple GF release systems and their effects on promoting angiogenesis. We conclude that multiple GF release systems offer superior results compared to single and dual systems with more stable, mature and larger vessels produced. However, with more complex release systems this raises other problems such as increased cost and significant GF-GF interactions. Upstream regulators and pericyte-coated scaffolds could provide viable alternative to circumnavigate these issues.
Collapse
|
111
|
Li Y, Hoffman MD, Benoit DSW. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-degradable tissue engineered periosteum coordinates allograft healing via early stage recruitment and support of host neurovasculature. Biomaterials 2021; 268:120535. [PMID: 33271450 PMCID: PMC8110201 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite serving as the clinical "gold standard" treatment for critical size bone defects, decellularized allografts suffer from long-term failure rates of ~60% due to the absence of the periosteum. Stem and osteoprogenitor cells within the periosteum orchestrate autograft healing through host cell recruitment, which initiates the regenerative process. To emulate periosteum-mediated healing, tissue engineering approaches have been utilized with mixed outcomes. While vascularization has been widely established as critical for bone regeneration, innervation was recently identified to be spatiotemporally regulated together with vascularization and similarly indispensable to bone healing. Notwithstanding, there are no known approaches that have focused on periosteal matrix cues to coordinate host vessel and/or axon recruitment. Here, we investigated the influence of hydrogel degradation mechanism, i.e. hydrolytic or enzymatic (cell-dictated), on tissue engineered periosteum (TEP)-modified allograft healing, especially host vessel/nerve recruitment and integration. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-degradable hydrogels supported endothelial cell migration from encapsulated spheroids whereas no migration was observed in hydrolytically degradable hydrogels in vitro, which correlated with increased neurovascularization in vivo. Specifically, ~2.45 and 1.84-fold, and ~3.48 and 2.58-fold greater vessel and nerve densities with high levels of vessel and nerve co-localization was observed using MMP degradable TEP (MMP-TEP) -modified allografts versus unmodified and hydrolytically degradable TEP (Hydro-TEP)-modified allografts, respectively, at 3 weeks post-surgery. MMP-TEP-modified allografts exhibited greater longitudinal graft-localized vascularization and endochondral ossification, along with 4-fold and 2-fold greater maximum torques versus unmodified and Hydro-TEP-modified allografts after 9 weeks, respectively, which was comparable to that of autografts. In summary, our results demonstrated that the MMP-TEP coordinated allograft healing via early stage recruitment and support of host neurovasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Michael D Hoffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Danielle S W Benoit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Orthopaedics and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Genetics and Center for Oral Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Shukla RP, Urandur S, Banala VT, Marwaha D, Gautam S, Rai N, Singh N, Tiwari P, Shukla P, Mishra PR. Development of putrescine anchored nano-crystalsomes bearing doxorubicin and oleanolic acid: deciphering their role in inhibiting metastatic breast cancer. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1779-1794. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis driven tumor initiation and progression calls for a targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Prakash Shukla
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Sandeep Urandur
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Venkatesh Teja Banala
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Disha Marwaha
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Nikhil Rai
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Neha Singh
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Pratiksha Tiwari
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Prashant Shukla
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Prabhat Ranjan Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Nomden M, Beljaars L, Verkade HJ, Hulscher JBF, Olinga P. Current Concepts of Biliary Atresia and Matrix Metalloproteinase-7: A Review of Literature. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:617261. [PMID: 33409288 PMCID: PMC7779410 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.617261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare cholangiopathy of infancy in which the bile ducts obliterate, leading to profound cholestasis and liver fibrosis. BA is hypothesized to be caused by a viral insult that leads to over-activation of the immune system. Patients with BA are surgically treated with a Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE), which aims to restore bile flow from the liver to the intestines. After KPE, progressive liver fibrosis is often observed in BA patients, even despite surgical success and clearance of their jaundice. The innate immune response is involved during the initial damage to the cholangiocytes and further differentiation of the adaptive immune response into a T-helper 1 cell (Th1) response. Multiple studies have shown that there is continuing elevation of involved cytokines that can lead to the progressive liver fibrosis. However, the mechanism by which the progressive injury occurs is not fully elucidated. Recently, matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) has been investigated to be used as a biomarker to diagnose BA. MMPs are involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, but also have non-ECM related functions. The role of MMP-7 and other MMPs in liver fibrosis is just starting to be elucidated. Multiple studies have shown that serum MMP-7 measurements are able to accurately diagnose BA in a cohort of cholestatic patients while hepatic MMP-7 expression correlated with BA-related liver fibrosis. While the mechanism by which MMP-7 can be involved in the pathophysiology of BA is unclear, MMP-7 has been investigated in other fibrotic pathologies such as renal and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. MMP-7 is involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling, reducing cell-to-cell contact by shedding of E-cadherin, amplifying inflammation and fibrosis via osteopontin (OPN) and TNF-α while it also appears to play a role in induction of angiogenesis This review aims to describe the current understandings of the pathophysiology of BA. Subsequently, we describe how MMP-7 is involved in other pathologies, such as renal and pulmonary fibrosis. Then, we propose how MMP-7 can potentially be involved in BA. By doing this, we aim to describe the putative role of MMP-7 as a prognostic biomarker in BA and to provide possible new therapeutic and research targets that can be investigated in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Nomden
- Divison of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Leonie Beljaars
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Henkjan J Verkade
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan B F Hulscher
- Divison of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Martincuks A, Li PC, Zhao Q, Zhang C, Li YJ, Yu H, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L. CD44 in Ovarian Cancer Progression and Therapy Resistance-A Critical Role for STAT3. Front Oncol 2020; 10:589601. [PMID: 33335857 PMCID: PMC7736609 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.589601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in cancer therapy over the last decades, ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide with the five-year overall survival rate less than 30% due to frequent disease recurrence and chemoresistance. CD44 is a non-kinase transmembrane receptor that has been linked to cancer metastatic progression, cancer stem cell maintenance, and chemoresistance development via multiple mechanisms across many cancers, including ovarian, and represents a promising therapeutic target for ovarian cancer treatment. Moreover, CD44-mediated signaling interacts with other well-known pro-tumorigenic pathways and oncogenes during cancer development, such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Given that both CD44 and STAT3 are strongly implicated in the metastatic progression and chemoresistance of ovarian tumors, this review summarizes currently available evidence about functional crosstalk between CD44 and STAT3 in human malignancies with an emphasis on ovarian cancer. In addition to the role of tumor cell-intrinsic CD44 and STAT3 interaction in driving cancer progression and metastasis, we discuss how CD44 and STAT3 support the pro-tumorigenic tumor microenvironment and promote tumor angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and cancer metabolic reprogramming in favor of cancer progression. Finally, we review the current state of therapeutic CD44 targeting and propose superior treatment possibilities for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antons Martincuks
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Pei-Chuan Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Yi-Jia Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Hua Yu
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
115
|
Dhavalikar P, Robinson A, Lan Z, Jenkins D, Chwatko M, Salhadar K, Jose A, Kar R, Shoga E, Kannapiran A, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Review of Integrin-Targeting Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000795. [PMID: 32940020 PMCID: PMC7960574 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ability to direct cell behavior has been central to the success of numerous therapeutics to regenerate tissue or facilitate device integration. Biomaterial scientists are challenged to understand and modulate the interactions of biomaterials with biological systems in order to achieve effective tissue repair. One key area of research investigates the use of extracellular matrix-derived ligands to target specific integrin interactions and induce cellular responses, such as increased cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. These integrin-targeting proteins and peptides have been implemented in a variety of different polymeric scaffolds and devices to enhance tissue regeneration and integration. This review first presents an overview of integrin-mediated cellular processes that have been identified in angiogenesis, wound healing, and bone regeneration. Then, research utilizing biomaterials are highlighted with integrin-targeting motifs as a means to direct these cellular processes to enhance tissue regeneration. In addition to providing improved materials for tissue repair and device integration, these innovative biomaterials provide new tools to probe the complex processes of tissue remodeling in order to enhance the rational design of biomaterial scaffolds and guide tissue regeneration strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Dhavalikar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andrew Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ziyang Lan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Dana Jenkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Malgorzata Chwatko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Karim Salhadar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Anupriya Jose
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ronit Kar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Erik Shoga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Aparajith Kannapiran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
116
|
Bongaarts A, de Jong JM, Broekaart DWM, van Scheppingen J, Anink JJ, Mijnsbergen C, Jansen FE, Spliet WGM, den Dunnen WFA, Gruber VE, Scholl T, Hainfellner JA, Feucht M, Borkowska J, Kotulska K, Jozwiak S, Grajkowska W, Buccoliero AM, Caporalini C, Giordano F, Genitori L, Scicluna BP, Schouten-van Meeteren AYN, van Vliet EA, Mühlebner A, Mills JD, Aronica E. Dysregulation of the MMP/TIMP Proteolytic System in Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytomas in Patients With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Modulation of MMP by MicroRNA-320d In Vitro. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 79:777-790. [PMID: 32472129 PMCID: PMC7304985 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a rare genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the TSC1 or TSC2 gene, is characterized by the growth of hamartomas in several organs. This includes the growth of low-grade brain tumors, known as subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGA). Previous studies have shown differential expression of genes related to the extracellular matrix in SEGA. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are responsible for remodeling the extracellular matrix and are associated with tumorigenesis. This study aimed to investigate the MMP/TIMP proteolytic system in SEGA and the regulation of MMPs by microRNAs, which are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. We investigated the expression of MMPs and TIMPs using previously produced RNA-Sequencing data, real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry in TSC-SEGA samples and controls. We found altered expression of several MMPs and TIMPs in SEGA compared to controls. We identified the lowly expressed miR-320d in SEGA as a potential regulator of MMPs, which can decrease MMP2 expression in human fetal astrocyte cultures. This study provides evidence of a dysregulated MMP/TIMP proteolytic system in SEGA of which MMP2 could be rescued by microRNA-320d. Therefore, further elucidating microRNA-mediated MMP regulation may provide insights into SEGA pathogenesis and identify novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anika Bongaarts
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jody M de Jong
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diede W M Broekaart
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jackelien van Scheppingen
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper J Anink
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Mijnsbergen
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floor E Jansen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim G M Spliet
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (WGMS); Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (WFAdD)
| | | | - Victoria E Gruber
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresa Scholl
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Martha Feucht
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julita Borkowska
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kotulska
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sergiusz Jozwiak
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Child Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wieslawa Grajkowska
- Department of Pathology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Flavio Giordano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Anna Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Genitori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Anna Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Center for Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
| | - Antoinette Y N Schouten-van Meeteren
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin A van Vliet
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angelika Mühlebner
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James D Mills
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Li X, Jin L, Tan Y. Different roles of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in osteolysis of skeletal dysplasia and bone metastasis (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:70. [PMID: 33236155 PMCID: PMC7716421 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) is a well-characterized protein that is indispensable for extracellular matrix remodeling and other pathological processes, such as tumor progression and skeletal dysplasia. Excessive activation of MMP2 promotes osteolytic metastasis and bone destruction in late-stage cancers, while its loss-of-function mutations result in the decreased bone mineralization and generalized osteolysis occurring progressively in skeletal developmental disorders, particularly in multicentric osteolysis, nodulosis and arthropathy (MONA). Either upregulation or downregulation of MMP2 activity can result in the same osteolytic effects. Thus, different functions of MMP2 have been recently identified that could explain this observation. While MMP2 can degrade bone matrix, facilitate osteoclastogenesis and amplify various signaling pathways that enhance osteolysis in bone metastasis, its role in maintaining the number of bone cells, supporting osteocytic canalicular network formation and suppressing leptin-mediated inhibition of bone formation has been implicated in osteolytic disorders caused by MMP2 deficiency. Furthermore, the proangiogenic activity of MMP2 is one of the potential mechanisms that are associated with both pathological situations. In the present article, the latest research on MMP2 in bone homeostasis is reviewed and the mechanisms underlying the role of this protein in skeletal metastasis and developmental osteolysis are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiumao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Libin Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yanbin Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Douglas SA, Haase K, Kamm RD, Platt MO. Cysteine cathepsins are altered by flow within an engineered in vitro microvascular niche. APL Bioeng 2020; 4:046102. [PMID: 33195960 PMCID: PMC7644274 DOI: 10.1063/5.0023342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout the process of vascular growth and remodeling, the extracellular matrix (ECM) concurrently undergoes significant changes due to proteolytic activity—regulated by both endothelial and surrounding stromal cells. The role of matrix metalloproteinases has been well-studied in the context of vascular remodeling, but other proteases, such as cysteine cathepsins, could also facilitate ECM remodeling. To investigate cathepsin-mediated proteolysis in vascular ECM remodeling, and to understand the role of shear flow in this process, in vitro microvessels were cultured in previously designed microfluidic chips and assessed by immunostaining, zymography, and western blotting. Primary human vessels (HUVECs and fibroblasts) were conditioned by continuous fluid flow and/or small molecule inhibitors to probe cathepsin expression and activity. Luminal flow (in contrast to static culture) decreases the activity of cathepsins in microvessel systems, despite a total protein increase, due to a concurrent increase in the endogenous inhibitor cystatin C. Observations also demonstrate that cathepsins mostly co-localize with fibroblasts, and that fibrin (the hydrogel substrate) may stabilize cathepsin activity in the system. Inhibitor studies suggest that control over cathepsin-mediated ECM remodeling could contribute to improved maintenance of in vitro microvascular networks; however, further investigation is required. Understanding the role of cathepsin activity in in vitro microvessels and other engineered tissues will be important for future regenerative medicine applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone A Douglas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | | | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Manu O Platt
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
James BD, Allen JB. Self-assembled VEGF-R2 targeting DNA aptamer-collagen fibers stimulate an angiogenic-like endothelial cell phenotype. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111683. [PMID: 33545845 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascularization of engineered tissue is one of the hallmark challenges of tissue engineering. Leveraging self-assembled nucleic acid-collagen complexes (NACCs), we mixed a VEGF-R2 targeting aptamer or its receptor agonist divalent assembly with type I collagen to assemble NACC microfibers. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) quickly remodeled these fibers into tubulogenic-like structures over 48 h. Moreover, NACCs made with the receptor agonist divalent aptamer assembly promoted enhanced expression of von Willebrand factor (vWF), angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT-2), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) by HUVECs as measured by either immunocytochemistry or ELISA. The findings suggest, endothelial cell phenotype was directed by both biochemical cues afforded by the agonist behavior of the divalent aptamer assembly as well as by the biophysical cues afforded by the fibrous topography. Collectively, these results support the development of an angiogenic endothelial cell phenotype stimulated by the VEGF-R2 agonist NACC fibers. Thus, the combination of engineered DNA aptamer nanotechnology and DNA-collagen complexation phenomena is a promising biofunctional natural scaffold material system for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan D James
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Josephine B Allen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Zong X, Li Y, Liu C, Qi W, Han D, Tucker L, Dong Y, Hu S, Yan X, Zhang Q. Theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation promotes stroke recovery by vascular protection and neovascularization. Theranostics 2020; 10:12090-12110. [PMID: 33204331 PMCID: PMC7667689 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The integrity and function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is compromised after stroke. The current study was performed to examine potential beneficial effects and underlying mechanisms of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on angiogenesis and vascular protection, function, and repair following stroke, which are largely unknown. Methods: Using a rat photothrombotic (PT) stroke model, continuous theta-burst rTMS was administered once daily to the infarcted hemisphere for 5 min, beginning 3 h after PT stroke. This treatment was applied for 6 days. BBB integrity, blood flow, vascular associated proteins, angiogenesis, integrity of neuronal morphology and structure, and behavioral outcome were measured and analyzed at 6 and/or 22 days after PT stroke. Results: We report that rTMS significantly mitigated BBB permeabilization and preserved important BBB components ZO-1, claudin-5, occludin, and caveolin-1 from PT-induced degradation. Damage to vascular structure, morphology, and perfusion was ameliorated by rTMS, resulting in improved local tissue oxygenation. This was accompanied with robust protection of critical vascular components and upregulation of regulatory factors. A complex cytokine response was induced by PT, particularly at the late phase. Application of rTMS modulated this response, ameliorating levels of cytokines related to peripheral immune cell infiltration. Further investigation revealed that rTMS promoted and sustained post-ischemic angiogenesis long-term and reduced apoptosis of newborn and existing vascular endothelial cells. Application of rTMS also inhibited PT-induced excessive astrocyte-vasculature interactions and stimulated an A1 to A2 shift in vessel-associated astrocytes. Mechanistic studies revealed that rTMS dramatically increased levels of PDGFRβ associated with A2 astrocytes and their adjacent vasculature. As well, A2 astrocytes displayed marked amplification of the angiogenesis-related factors VEGF and TGFβ. PT induced a rise in vessel-associated expression of HIF-1α that was starkly intensified by rTMS treatment. Finally, rTMS preserved neuronal morphology, synaptic structure integrity and behavioral outcome. Conclusions: These results indicate that rTMS can exert powerful protective and restorative effects on the peri-infarct microvasculature after PT stroke by, in part, promoting HIF-1α signaling and shifting vessel-associated astrocytic polarization to the A2 phenotype. This study provides further support for the potent protective effects of rTMS in the context of ischemic stroke, and these findings implicate vascular repair and protection as an important underlying phenomenon.
Collapse
|
121
|
Huang CC, Wang PH, Lu YT, Yang JS, Yang SF, Ho YT, Lin CW, Hsin CH. Morusin Suppresses Cancer Cell Invasion and MMP-2 Expression through ERK Signaling in Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204851. [PMID: 33096744 PMCID: PMC7587949 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The most important cause of treatment failure of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients is metastasis, including regional lymph nodes or distant metastasis, resulting in a poor prognosis and challenges for treatment. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro anti- tumoral properties of morusin on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma HONE-1, NPC-39, and NPC-BM cells. Our study revealed that morusin suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of the three NPC cells. Gelatin zymography assay and Western blotting demonstrated that the enzyme activity and the level of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) protein were downregulated by the treatment of morusin. Mitogen-activated protein kinase proteins were examined to identify the signaling pathway, which showed that phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was inhibited after the treatment of morusin. In summary, our data showed that morusin inhibited the migration and invasion of NPC cells by suppressing the expression of MMP-2 by downregulating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, suggesting that morusin may be a potential candidate for chemoprevention or adjuvant therapy of NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chen Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (P.-H.W.); (Y.-T.L.); (J.-S.Y.); (S.-F.Y.); (Y.-T.H.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hui Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (P.-H.W.); (Y.-T.L.); (J.-S.Y.); (S.-F.Y.); (Y.-T.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Lu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (P.-H.W.); (Y.-T.L.); (J.-S.Y.); (S.-F.Y.); (Y.-T.H.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (P.-H.W.); (Y.-T.L.); (J.-S.Y.); (S.-F.Y.); (Y.-T.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (P.-H.W.); (Y.-T.L.); (J.-S.Y.); (S.-F.Y.); (Y.-T.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Ho
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (P.-H.W.); (Y.-T.L.); (J.-S.Y.); (S.-F.Y.); (Y.-T.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.L.); (C.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-4-2473-9595 (ext. 34253) (C.-W.L.)
| | - Chung-Han Hsin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (P.-H.W.); (Y.-T.L.); (J.-S.Y.); (S.-F.Y.); (Y.-T.H.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.L.); (C.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-4-2473-9595 (ext. 34253) (C.-W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Minomo S, Kobayashi T, Katayama K, Ryuge M, Kagawa T, Tsuyuguchi K, Matsui H, Suzuki K. Risk factors for hemoptysis in Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. Respir Investig 2020; 59:218-222. [PMID: 33069662 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemoptysis is a frequent and sometimes fatal complication of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease. The risk factors for hemoptysis are not well understood. In the current study, potential risk factors for hemoptysis were investigated in patients with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease, which is the most common NTM in Japan. METHODS Medical records from the Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center were reviewed. Consecutive patients with MAC lung disease diagnosed in 2014 and followed up for more than 1 year in the hospital were included in the study. Hemoptysis was confirmed between 2014 and 2016. The characteristics of patients with hemoptysis and non-hemoptysis at the time of the initial diagnosis of MAC lung disease were obtained from the medical records, and the two groups were compared. The radiological findings assessed included nodules, infiltration shadows, cavities, and bronchiectasis. Each was classified and scored individually in six lung fields, and these data were used to generate radiological scores. RESULTS The study included 82 patients with MAC lung disease, 18 with hemoptysis and 64 without. Higher total radiological severity score at the time of the initial diagnosis of MAC was associated with an increased risk of hemoptysis. Among the radiological scores, infiltration and cavities were marginally associated with the risk of hemoptysis. CONCLUSIONS The radiological severity score at the time of initial diagnosis of MAC lung disease was associated with hemoptysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shojiro Minomo
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takehiko Kobayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kanako Katayama
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Misaki Ryuge
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kagawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunari Tsuyuguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan; Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Matsui
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Suzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai City, Osaka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Quesnel A, Karagiannis GS, Filippou PS. Extracellular proteolysis in glioblastoma progression and therapeutics. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188428. [PMID: 32956761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas encompass highly invasive primary central nervous system (CNS) tumours of glial cell origin with an often-poor clinical prognosis. Of all gliomas, glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of primary brain cancer. Current treatments in glioblastoma are insufficient due to the invasive nature of brain tumour cells, which typically results in local tumour recurrence following treatment. The latter represents the most important cause of mortality in glioblastoma and underscores the necessity for an in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Interestingly, increased synthesis and secretion of several proteolytic enzymes within the tumour microenvironment, such as matrix metalloproteinases, lysosomal proteases, cathepsins and kallikreins for extracellular-matrix component degradation may play a major role in the aforementioned glioblastoma invasion mechanisms. These proteolytic networks are key players in establishing and maintaining a tumour microenvironment that promotes tumour cell survival, proliferation, and migration. Indeed, the targeted inhibition of these proteolytic enzymes has been a promisingly useful therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma management in both preclinical and clinical development. We hereby summarize current advances on the biology of the glioblastoma tumour microenvironment, with a particular emphasis on the role of proteolytic enzyme families in glioblastoma invasion and progression, as well as on their subsequent prognostic value as biomarkers and their therapeutic targeting in the era of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Quesnel
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom; National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, 38 John Dixon Ln, Darlington, DL1 1HG, United Kingdom
| | - George S Karagiannis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Panagiota S Filippou
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom; National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, 38 John Dixon Ln, Darlington, DL1 1HG, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Kis A, Dénes N, Szabó JP, Arató V, Jószai I, Enyedi KN, Lakatos S, Garai I, Mező G, Kertész I, Trencsényi G. In vivo assessment of aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) specificity of different 68Ga-labelled NGR derivatives using PET/MRI imaging. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119881. [PMID: 32946975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) plays an important role in neoangiogenic process in malignancies. Our previous studies have already shown that 68Ga-labelled NOTA conjugated asparagine-glycine-arginine peptide (c[KNGRE]-NH2) specifically bind to APN/CD13 expressing tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the APN/CD13 specificity of newly synthesized 68Ga-labelled NGR derivatives in vivo by PET/MRI imaging using hepatocellular carcinoma (He/De) and mesoblastic nephroma (Ne/De) tumor models. PET/MRI and ex vivo biodistribution studies were performed 11 ± 1 days after subcutaneous injection of tumor cells and 90 min after intravenous injection of 68Ga-NOTA-c(NGR), 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR), 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR) (MG1) or 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR) (MG2). The APN/CD13 selectivity was confirmed by blocking experiments and the APN/CD13 expression was verified by immunohistochemistry. 68Ga-labelled c(NGR) derivatives were produced with high specific activity and radiochemical purity. In control animals, low radiotracer accumulation was found in abdominal and thoracic organs. Using tumor-bearing animals we found that the 68Ga-NOTA-c(NGR), 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR), and 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR) (MG1) derivatives showed higher uptake in He/De and Ne/De tumors, than that of the accumulation of 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR) (MG2). APN/CD13 is a very promising target in PET imaging, however, the selection of the appropriate 68Ga-labelled NGR-based radiopharmaceutical is critical for the precise detection of tumor neo-angiogenesis and for monitoring the efficacy of anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Key Words
- (68)Ga
- Aminopeptidase N
- Angiogenesis
- CD13
- CID: 2796029, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt)
- CID: 3036142, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA)
- CID: 33032, L-Glutamic acid
- CID: 5962, L-Lysine
- CID: 6228, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)
- CID: 6267, L-Asparagine
- CID: 6322, L-Arginine
- CID: 6422, triflouroacetic acid (TFA)
- CID: 750, Glyicine
- NGR
- PET/MRI imaging
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Kis
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Noémi Dénes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit P Szabó
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Arató
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Jószai
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kata Nóra Enyedi
- Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Lakatos
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Garai
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Scanomed LTD, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mező
- Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-ELTE, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Kertész
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Fischer T, Riedl R. Challenges with matrix metalloproteinase inhibition and future drug discovery avenues. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:75-88. [PMID: 32921161 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1819235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Matrix metalloproteinases have been in the scope of pharmaceutical drug discovery for decades as promising targets for drug development. Until present, no modulator of the enzyme class survived clinical trials, all failing for various reasons. Nevertheless, the target family did not lose its attractiveness and there is ever more evidence that MMP modulators are likely to overcome the hurdles and result in successful clinical therapies. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of past efforts that were taken in the development of MMP inhibitors and insight into promising strategies that might enable drug discovery in the field in the future. Small molecule inhibitors as well as biomolecules are reviewed. EXPERT OPINION Despite the lack of successful clinical trials in the past, there is ongoing research in the field of MMP modulation, proving the target class has not lost its appeal to pharmaceutical research. With ever-growing insights from different scientific fields that shed light on previously unknown correlations, it is now time to use synergies deriving from biological knowledge, chemical structure generation, and clinical application to reach the ultimate goal of bringing MMP derived drugs on a broad front for the benefit of patients into therapeutic use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fischer
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW , 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Riedl
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW , 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Motallebnejad P, Azarin SM. Chemically defined human vascular laminins for biologically relevant culture of hiPSC-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells. Fluids Barriers CNS 2020; 17:54. [PMID: 32912242 PMCID: PMC7488267 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-020-00215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into brain-specific microvascular endothelial cells (iBMECs) has frequently been used to model the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, there are limitations in the use of iBMECs for in vitro studies, such as transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) instability, weak junctional expression of VE-cadherin, and lack of proper fluid shear stress response. In vivo, the basement membrane (BM) composition of the BBB evolves throughout development, and laminins become the dominant component of the mature vascular BM. However, laminin isoforms of the endothelial BM have not been used for culture of differentiated iBMECs. The main goal of this study is to investigate the effect of different laminin isoforms of the endothelial BM on iBMEC functionality and to determine whether better recapitulation of the physiological BM in vitro can address the aforementioned limitations of iBMECs. METHODS Using a previously reported method, hiPSCs were differentiated into iBMECs. The influence of main laminins of the endothelial BM, LN 411 and LN 511, on iBMEC functionality was studied and compared to a collagen IV and fibronectin mixture (CN IV-FN). Quantitative RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, and TEER measurement were utilized to assess gene and protein expression and barrier properties of iBMECs on different extracellular matrices. Single-channel microfluidic devices were used to study the effect of shear stress on iBMECs. RESULTS LN 511, but not LN 411, improved iBMEC barrier properties and resulted in more sustained TEER stability. Immunocytochemistry showed improved junctional protein expression compared to iBMECs cultured on CN IV-FN. iBMECs cultured on LN 511 showed a reduction of stress fibers, indicating resting endothelial phenotype, whereas gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of multiple genes involved in endothelial activation in iBMECs on CN IV-FN. Finally, culturing iBMECs on LN 511 enhanced physiological responses to shear stress, including morphological changes and enhanced junctional protein association. CONCLUSION LN 511 improves the functionality and long-term barrier stability of iBMECs. Our findings suggest that incorporation of physiologically relevant LN 511 in iBMEC culture would be beneficial for disease modeling applications and BBB-on-a-chip platforms that accommodate fluid flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Motallebnejad
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Samira M Azarin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Safaeian L, Vaseghi G, Mirian M, Firoozabadi MD. The effect of pramlintide, an antidiabetic amylin analogue, on angiogenesis-related markers in vitro. Res Pharm Sci 2020; 15:323-330. [PMID: 33312210 PMCID: PMC7714014 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.293510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Irregularities of angiogenesis may participate in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications. Pramlintide is an amylin analogue administered for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The present investigation aimed at surveying the effect of pramlintide on angiogenesis-related markers in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Experimental approach: The proliferation of cells was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. The effect of pramlintide on migration was estimated by Transwell® assay. in vitro evaluation of angiogenesis was performed by tube formation assay. The secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to the supernatant of HUVECs was measured by an enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. All experiments were performed in triplicate. Findings / Results: Pramlintide exhibited no inhibitory effect on HUVECs proliferation. It significantly increased cell migration at the concentration of 1 μg/mL. Pramlintide (1 μg/mL) also enhanced average tubules length, size, and the mean number of junctions. However, there was not any significant change in VEGF release from HUVECs. Conclusion and implications: Findings of this research revealed the effect of pramlintide on angiogenesis- related markers via enhancing migration and tubulogenesis in vitro, suggesting a worthwhile proposition for further clinical researches on improving vascular complications and healing of diabetic wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Safaeian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Golnaz Vaseghi
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mina Mirian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mehdi Dehghani Firoozabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Sunitinib malate-loaded biodegradable microspheres for the prevention of corneal neovascularization in rats. J Control Release 2020; 327:456-466. [PMID: 32822742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (NV) predisposes patients to compromised corneal transparency and visional acuity. Sunitinib malate (Sunb-malate) targeting against multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, exerts potent antiangiogenesis. However, the rapid clearance of Sunb-malate eye drops administered through topical instillation limits its therapeutic efficacy and poses a challenge for potential patient compliance. Sunb-malate, the water-soluble form of sunitinib, was shown to have higher intraocular penetration through transscleral diffusion following subconjunctival (SCT) injection in comparison to its sunitinib free base formulation. However, it is difficult to load highly water-soluble drugs and achieve sustained drug release. We developed Sunb-malate loaded poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (Sunb-malate MS) with a particle size of approximately 15 μm and a drug loading of 7 wt%. Sunb-malate MS sustained the drug release for 30 days under the in vitro infinite sink condition. Subconjunctival (SCT) injection of Sunb-malate MS provided a prolonged ocular drug retention and did not cause ocular toxicity at a dose of 150 μg of active agent. Sunb-malate MS following SCT injection more effectively suppressed the suture-induced corneal NV than either Sunb-malate free drug or the placebo MS. Local sustained release of Sunb-malate through the SCT injection of Sunb-malate MS mitigated the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and the recruitment of mural cells into the cornea. Moreover, the gene upregulation of proangiogenic factors induced by the pathological process was greatly neutralized by SCT injection of Sunb-malate MS. Our findings provide a sustained release platform for local delivery of tyrosine kinase inhibitors to treat corneal NV.
Collapse
|
129
|
Xia L, Yang S, Wang C, Yu E, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ruan L, Shi L, Ni J, Luo J, Cao Z, Wen M. Immunohistochemical Profiles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Overexpression in the Antoni B Area of Vestibular Schwannomas. World Neurosurg 2020; 144:e72-e79. [PMID: 32758656 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.07.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical manifestations of cystic vestibular schwannomas (VSs), investigate the immunohistochemical profiles of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in Antoni A and B areas, and speculate the pathogenesis of cystic formation and intratumoral hemorrhage. METHODS Clinical features and outcomes of 24 cases of cystic VSs and 38 cases of solid VSs were retrospectively compared. Immunohistochemical studies were conducted to evaluate the characteristics of MMPs and VEGF in cystic and solid VSs. RESULTS The tumor size was 38.92 ± 1.86 mm and 31.95 ± 1.74 mm in the cystic and solid VSs group, respectively (P = 0.011). Cystic VSs were rich in the Antoni B area. MMP-9 expression was low in the Antoni A and B areas. MMP-2 was moderately expressed. No significant difference in MMP-2 expression existed between the Antoni A and B areas (P > 0.05). VEGF and MMP-14 expression were moderate in the Antoni A area and intense in the Antoni B area, and the expression of both was significantly greater in the Antoni B area than in the Antoni A area (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS MMP-14 and VEGF expression were significantly greater in the Antoni B area than in the Antoni A area. Upregulated MMP-14 may degrade loose collagen in the Antoni B area and contribute to cystic formation. MMP-14 can enhance VEGF activity, which may induce extravasation of a plasma ultrafiltrate, cystic expansion, and intratumoral hemorrhage. Therefore, MMP-14 inhibition may be a therapeutic strategy for treating cystic VSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xia
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Su Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengde Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Enxing Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hengli Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linhui Ruan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liuzhi Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinyao Ni
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - JinBiao Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZhiKai Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Minor AJ, Coulombe KLK. Engineering a collagen matrix for cell-instructive regenerative angiogenesis. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2407-2416. [PMID: 31984665 PMCID: PMC7334070 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Engineering an angiogenic material for regenerative medicine requires knowledge of native extracellular matrix remodeling by cellular processes in angiogenesis. Vascularization remains a key challenge in the field of tissue engineering, one that can be mitigated by developing platforms conducive to guiding dynamic cell-matrix interactions required for new vessel formation. In this review, we highlight nuanced processes of angiogenesis and demonstrate how materials engineering is being used to interface with dynamic type I collagen remodeling, Notch and VEGF signaling, cell migration, and tissue morphogenesis. Because α1(I)-collagen is secreted by endothelial tip cells during sprouting angiogenesis and required for migration, collagen is a very useful natural biomaterial and its angiogenic modifications are described. The balance between collagen types I and IV via secretion and degradation is tightly controlled by proteinases and other cell types that are capable of internalizing collagen to maintain tissue integrity. Thus, we provide examples in skin and cardiac tissue engineering of collagen tailoring in diverse cellular microenvironments for tissue regeneration. As our understanding of how to drive collagen remodeling and cellular phenotype through angiogenic pathways grows, our capabilities to model and manipulate material systems must continue to expand to develop novel applications for wound healing, angiogenic therapy, and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia J Minor
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Kareen L K Coulombe
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Azevedo Martins JM, Rabelo-Santos SH, do Amaral Westin MC, Zeferino LC. Tumoral and stromal expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-14, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and VEGF-A in cervical cancer patient survival: a competing risk analysis. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:660. [PMID: 32669083 PMCID: PMC7364527 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07150-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of matrix metalloproteases 2, 9 and 14 (MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-14), tissue inhibitors of metalloprotease 1 and 2 (TIMP-1, TIMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is involved in tumor invasion and metastasis via extracellular matrix degradation and angiogenesis. This study aimed to assess whether the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-14, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 in tumors and in the adjacent stroma is associated with cervical cancer prognosis. METHODS This study analyzed a retrospective cohort of 64 patients. Protein expression was previously obtained by immunohistochemistry from biopsies containing both tumor and stroma. The expression and percentage of stained cells were categorized as high or low according to the cutoff points by using ROC curves. The follow-up data was collected from diagnosis to the last clinical visit. Clinical status categorized as alive without disease, alive with disease, death due to other causes, and death from the disease. The relative risk of death from the disease was evaluated according to the proteins expression using a cause-specific Cox regression model with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). For the significant associations (p < 0.05), survival curves of patients with low and high expression were plotted for the competing risk survival curve analyses. RESULTS High expression levels of stromal MMP-2 (RR; 95%CI: 3.91; 1.17-13.02) and stromal TIMP-2 (RR, 95%CI: 8.67; 1.15-65.27) were associated with a greater relative risk of death from the disease and with lower survival (p = 0.03; p = 0.04) than lower expression levels. Low expression levels of stromal MMP-9 (RR, 95%CI: 0.19; 0.05-0.65) and tumoral MMP-9 (HR, 95%CI: 0.19; 0.04-0.90) were protective factors against death from the disease and were associated with poorer survival. CONCLUSIONS High expression levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in the stroma were significantly associated with poor survival in cervical cancer patients. High expression of MMP-9 was associated with a favorable cervical cancer prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Maria Azevedo Martins
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Tessalia Vieira de Camargo Street, 126, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-887 Brazil
| | - Silvia Helena Rabelo-Santos
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, 240 Street, Leste Universitario, Goiania, Goias 74605-170 Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina do Amaral Westin
- Laboratory of Cytopathology, Women’s Health Hospital Professor Jose Aristodemo Pinotti – (CAISM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-881 Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Zeferino
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Tessalia Vieira de Camargo Street, 126, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-887 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Christodoulou A, Bagli E, Gazouli M, Moschos MM, Kitsos G. Association of MMP2-1306C/T Polymorphism with Ischemic Retinal Vein Occlusion. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:710-713. [PMID: 32646603 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the possible association of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)-1306C/T polymorphism with the risk of ischemic retinal vein occlusion (iRVO). METHODS A total of 69 patients with RVO were enrolled in this study (43 with non-iRVO and 26 with iRVO). All subjects were screened for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, history of stroke, anticoagulant medication, smoking status and glaucoma. The genotyping of MMP2-1306C/T polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP-based methods. RESULTS MMP2-1306C/T T allele carriers (CT+TT) were statistically significant associated with a higher risk of iRVO compared to CC genotype in the overall RVO group (odds ratio = 3.91, p = 0.015, 95% confidence interval:1.30-11.79). Analysis, following stratification by age revealed that T allele carriers had a statistically significant increased risk of iRVO compared to C allele carriers only in RVO patients <75 years old. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that MMP2-1306C/T polymorphism is a likely predisposing factor for iRVO in patients <75 years old. This is the first study attempting association of a gene polymorphism with the prevalence of iRVO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Gazouli
- Biology Laboratory, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
133
|
Rieger J, Kaessmeyer S, Al Masri S, Hünigen H, Plendl J. Endothelial cells and angiogenesis in the horse in health and disease-A review. Anat Histol Embryol 2020; 49:656-678. [PMID: 32639627 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cardiovascular system is the first functional organ in the embryo, and its blood vessels form a widespread conductive network within the organism. Blood vessels develop de novo, by the differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (vasculogenesis) or by angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels from existing ones. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge on physiological and pathological angiogenesis in the horse including studies on equine endothelial cells. Principal study fields in equine angiogenesis research were identified: equine endothelial progenitor cells; equine endothelial cells and angiogenesis (heterogeneity, markers and assessment); endothelial regulatory molecules in equine angiogenesis; angiogenesis research in equine reproduction (ovary, uterus, placenta and conceptus, testis); angiogenesis research in pathological conditions (tumours, ocular pathologies, equine wound healing, musculoskeletal system and laminitis). The review also includes a table that summarizes in vitro studies on equine endothelial cells, either describing the isolation procedure or using previously isolated endothelial cells. A particular challenge of the review was that results published are fragmentary and sometimes even contradictory, raising more questions than they answer. In conclusion, angiogenesis is a major factor in several diseases frequently occurring in horses, but relatively few studies focus on angiogenesis in the horse. The challenge for the future is therefore to continue exploring new therapeutic angiogenesis strategies for horses to fill in the missing pieces of the puzzle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Rieger
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Kaessmeyer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Salah Al Masri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hana Hünigen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Plendl
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Veterinary Anatomy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
A novel mitochondrial targeted hybrid peptide modified HPMA copolymers for breast cancer metastasis suppression. J Control Release 2020; 325:38-51. [PMID: 32598957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Primary tumor metastasis remains to be a tough obstacle for clinical breast cancer treatment. Since evidences have shown that mitochondria play a crucial role in tumor metastasis, we designed a mitochondrial targeted drug delivery system (P-D-R8MTS) based on N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers to simultaneously inhibit breast cancer progression and metastasis. A novel mitochondrial targeted hybrid peptide R8MTS, which consists of a cell penetrating peptide octaarginine (R8) and a mitochondrial targeting sequence ALD5MTS, was used as targeting ligand and attached to doxorubicin (DOX) as model drug (DOX-R8MTS). After entering into the tumor cells, DOX-R8MTS was pH-responsibly released from HPMA copolymer backbone in acidic lysosome and efficiently targeted to mitochondria, resulting in enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis initiation. By destroying mitochondria, P-D-R8MTS not only inhibited cell proliferation but also suppressed migration and invasion of breast cancer 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. Moreover, P-D-R8MTS exhibited superior inhibition of tumor growth and showed no apparent lung metastatic nodules on 4T1-bearing mice in vivo, which was partially via down-regulation of typical proteins associated with tumor metastasis and invasion: matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Collectively, our work provided a prospectively potential strategy for metastatic cancer treatment through mitochondrial targeted drug delivery.
Collapse
|
135
|
Ma Z, Mao C, Jia Y, Fu Y, Kong W. Extracellular matrix dynamics in vascular remodeling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C481-C499. [PMID: 32579472 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00147.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is the adaptive response to various physiological and pathophysiological alterations that are closely related to aging and vascular diseases. Understanding the mechanistic regulation of vascular remodeling may be favorable for discovering potential therapeutic targets and strategies. The extracellular matrix (ECM), including matrix proteins and their degradative metalloproteases, serves as the main component of the microenvironment and exhibits dynamic changes during vascular remodeling. This process involves mainly the altered composition of matrix proteins, metalloprotease-mediated degradation, posttranslational modification of ECM proteins, and altered topographical features of the ECM. To date, adequate studies have demonstrated that ECM dynamics also play a critical role in vascular remodeling in various diseases. Here, we review these related studies, summarize how ECM dynamics control vascular remodeling, and further indicate potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the ECM for corresponding vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chenfeng Mao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yiting Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Gürpınar T, Kosova F, Kurt FO, Cambaz SU, Yücel AT, Umur N, Tuğlu MI. Effect of geldanamycin on the expression of the matrix molecules and angiogenetic factors in a gastric cancer cell line. Biotech Histochem 2020; 96:111-116. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2020.1772507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. Gürpınar
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - F. Kosova
- Department of Biology, School of Vocational Health Service, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - F. O. Kurt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - S. U. Cambaz
- Department of Midwifery, Health Science Faculty, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - A. T. Yücel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Vocational Health Service, ManisaCelal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - N. Umur
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Vocational Health Service, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - M. I. Tuğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Ahmadi M, Rezaie J. Tumor cells derived-exosomes as angiogenenic agents: possible therapeutic implications. J Transl Med 2020; 18:249. [PMID: 32571337 PMCID: PMC7310379 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a multistep process and various molecules are involved in regulating it. Extracellular vesicles are cell-derived particles, secreted from several types of cells and are known to mediate cell-to-cell communication. These vesicles contain different bio-molecules including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, which are transported between cells and regulate physiological and pathological conditions in the recipient cell. Exosomes, 30–150 nm extracellular vesicles, and their key roles in tumorigenesis via promoting angiogenesis are of great recent interest. In solid tumors, the suitable blood supply is the hallmark of their progression, growth, and metastasis, so it can be supported by angiogenesis. Tumor cells abundantly release exosomes containing different kinds of biomolecules such as angiogenic molecules that contribute to inducing angiogenesis. These exosomes can be trafficked between tumor cells or between tumor cells and endothelial cells. The protein and nucleic acid cargo of tumor derived-exosomes can deliver to endothelial cells mostly by endocytosis, and then induce angiogenesis. Tumor derived-exosomes can be used as biomarker for cancer diagnosis. Targeting exosome-induced angiogenesis may serve as a promising tool for cancer therapy. Taken together, tumor derived-exosomes are the major contributors in tumor angiogenesis and a supposed target for antiangiogenic therapies. However, further scrutiny is essential to investigate the function of exosomes in tumor angiogenesis and clinical relevance of targeting exosomes for suppressing angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Ahmadi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Shafa St, Ershad Blvd, 1138, Urmia, 57147, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
D'Abadia PL, BailÃo EFLC, Lino JÚnior RS, Oliveira MG, Silva VB, Oliveira LAR, ConceiÇÃo EC, Melo-Reis PR, Borges LL, GonÇalves PJ, Almeida LM. Hancornia speciosa serum fraction latex stimulates the angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling processes. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20190107. [PMID: 32556049 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020190107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hancornia speciosa latex reveals angiogenic, osteogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties, which present its potential for developing of wound healing drugs; however, the latex compounds responsible for angiogenesis remain unknown. One strategy to screen these active compounds is evaluation of latex fractions. This study aimed to obtain different fractions of latex and evaluate its angiogenic activity separately using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The serum (SE) fraction was responsible for angiogenesis, which was subject to biochemical characterization and computational simulations in order to understand the contribution of H. speciosa latex in wound healing process. Our results revealed weak antioxidant potential and absence of antimicrobial activity in the SE fraction. Phytochemical analysis identified chlorogenic acids (CGA) as the main compound of SE fraction. CGA bioactivity predictions identify different molecules associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, such as metalloproteinases, which also are overexpressed in our CAM assay experiment. Docking simulations revealed the interactions between CGA and matrix metalloproteinase 2. In conclusion, SE latex fraction stimulates angiogenesis and may influence ECM remodeling. These properties may contribute to the wound healing process, and also confirm the widespread use of this plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- PatrÍcia L D'Abadia
- Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Rodovia BR 153, nº 3105, Fazenda Barreiro do Meio, Campus Henrique Santillo, 75132-400 Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Elisa FlÁvia Luiz C BailÃo
- Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Rodovia BR 153, nº 3105, Fazenda Barreiro do Meio, Campus Henrique Santillo, 75132-400 Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Ruy S Lino JÚnior
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Rua 235, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-050 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Matheus Gabriel Oliveira
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas, Av. Universitária, n 1069, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-010 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Vinicius B Silva
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Escola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicas, Av. Universitária, n 1069, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-010 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Leandra A R Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação de Bioprodutos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua 240, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-170 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Edemilson C ConceiÇÃo
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação de Bioprodutos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua 240, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-170 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Melo-Reis
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Laboratório de Estudos Experimentais e Biotecnológicos, Rua 232, nº 128, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-120 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Luiz Borges
- Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Rodovia BR 153, nº 3105, Fazenda Barreiro do Meio, Campus Henrique Santillo, 75132-400 Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Pablo JosÉ GonÇalves
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Física, Av. Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciane M Almeida
- Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Rodovia BR 153, nº 3105, Fazenda Barreiro do Meio, Campus Henrique Santillo, 75132-400 Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Surface Texturization of Breast Implants Impacts Extracellular Matrix and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Asymptomatic Capsules. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 145:542e-551e. [PMID: 32097311 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Texturing processes have been designed to improve biocompatibility and mechanical anchoring of breast implants. However, a high degree of texturing has been associated with severe abnormalities. In this study, the authors aimed to determine whether implant surface topography could also affect physiology of asymptomatic capsules. METHODS The authors collected topographic measurements from 17 different breast implant devices by interferometry and radiographic microtomography. Morphologic structures were analyzed statistically to obtain a robust breast implant surface classification. The authors obtained three topographic categories of textured implants (i.e., "peak and valleys," "open cavities," and "semiopened cavities") based on the cross-sectional aspects. The authors simultaneously collected 31 Baker grade I capsules, sorted them according to the new classification, established their molecular profile, and examined the tissue organization. RESULTS Each of the categories showed distinct expression patterns of genes associated with the extracellular matrix (Timp and Mmp members) and inflammatory response (Saa1, Tnsf11, and Il8), despite originating from healthy capsules. In addition, slight variations were observed in the organization of capsular tissues at the histologic level. CONCLUSIONS The authors combined a novel surface implant classification system and gene profiling analysis to show that implant surface topography is a bioactive cue that can trigger gene expression changes in surrounding tissue, even in Baker grade I capsules. The authors' new classification system avoids confusion regarding the word "texture," and could be transposed to implant ranges of every manufacturer. This new classification could prove useful in studies on potential links between specific texturizations and the incidence of certain breast-implant associated complications.
Collapse
|
140
|
Fetz AE, Radic MZ, Bowlin GL. Neutrophils in Biomaterial-Guided Tissue Regeneration: Matrix Reprogramming for Angiogenesis. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:95-106. [PMID: 32299302 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial-guided in situ tissue regeneration uses biomaterials to stimulate and guide the body's endogenous, regenerative processes to drive functional tissue repair and regeneration. To be successful, cell migration into the biomaterials is essential, which requires angiogenesis to maintain cell viability. Neutrophils, the first cells responding to an implanted biomaterial, are now known to play an integral part in angiogenesis in multiple tissues and exhibit considerable potential for driving angiogenesis in the context of tissue regeneration. In terms of biomaterial-guided in situ tissue regeneration, harnessing the proangiogenic potential of the neutrophil through its robust secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) may provide a mechanism to improve biomaterial performance by initiating matrix reprogramming. This review will discuss neutrophils as matrix reprogrammers and what is currently known about their ability to create a microenvironment that is more conducive for angiogenesis and tissue regeneration through the secretion of MMP-9. It will first review a set of ground-breaking studies in tumor biology and then present an overview of what is currently known about neutrophils and MMP-9 in biomaterial vascularization. Finally, it will conclude with potential strategies and considerations to engage neutrophils in biomaterial-guided angiogenesis and in situ tissue regeneration. Impact statement This review draws attention to a highly neglected topic in tissue engineering, the role of neutrophils in biomaterial-guided tissue regeneration and angiogenesis. Moreover, it highlights their abundant secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) for matrix reprogramming, a topic with great potential yet to be vetted in the literature. It presents strategies and considerations for designing the next generation of immunomodulatory biomaterials. While there is literature discussing the overall role of neutrophils in angiogenesis, there are a limited number of review articles focused on this highly relevant topic in the context of biomaterial integration and tissue regeneration, making this a necessary and impactful article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison E Fetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marko Z Radic
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gary L Bowlin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Abbaszadegan MR, Mojarrad M, Moghbeli M. Role of extra cellular proteins in gastric cancer progression and metastasis: an update. Genes Environ 2020; 42:18. [PMID: 32467737 PMCID: PMC7227337 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-020-00157-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world with a high ratio of mortality. Regarding the late diagnosis, there is a high ratio of distant metastasis among GC cases. Despite the recent progresses in therapeutic modalities, there is not still an efficient therapeutic method to increase survival rate of metastatic GC cases. Main body Apart from the various intracellular signaling pathways which are involved in tumor cell migration and metastasis, the local microenvironment is also a critical regulator of tumor cell migration. Indeed, the intracellular signaling pathways also exert their final metastatic roles through regulation of extra cellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, it is required to assess the role of extra cellular components in biology of GC. Conclusion In the present review, we summarize 48 of the significant ECM components including 17 ECM modifying enzymes, seven extracellular angiogenic factors, 13 cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organizers, seven matricellular proteins and growth factors, and four proteoglycans and extra cellular glycoproteins. This review paves the way of determination of a specific extra cellular diagnostic and prognostic panel marker for the GC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Mojarrad
- 2Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- 2Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Napoli S, Scuderi C, Gattuso G, Di Bella V, Candido S, Basile MS, Libra M, Falzone L. Functional Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051151. [PMID: 32392801 PMCID: PMC7291303 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the regulation of the tissue microenvironment and in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Several proteins with a proteolytic activity toward several ECM components are involved in the regulation and remodeling of the ECM. Among these, Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a class of peptidase able to remodel the ECM by favoring the tumor invasive processes. Of these peptidases, MMP-9 is the most involved in the development of cancer, including that of melanoma. Dysregulations of the MAPKs and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways can lead to an aberrant overexpression of MMP-9. Even ncRNAs are implicated in the aberrant production of MMP-9 protein, as well as other proteins responsible for the activation or inhibition of MMP-9, such as Osteopontin and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases. Currently, there are different therapeutic approaches for melanoma, including targeted therapies and immunotherapies. However, no biomarkers are available for the prediction of the therapeutic response. In this context, several studies have tried to understand the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential of MMP-9 in melanoma patients by performing clinical trials with synthetic MMPs inhibitors. Therefore, MMP-9 may be considered a promising molecule for the management of melanoma patients due to its role as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Napoli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Chiara Scuderi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Gattuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Virginia Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Basile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.N.); (C.S.); (G.G.); (V.D.B.); (S.C.); (M.S.B.)
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.L.); or (L.F.); Tel.: +39-095-478-1271 (M.L.); +39-094-478-1278 (L.F.)
| | - Luca Falzone
- Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.L.); or (L.F.); Tel.: +39-095-478-1271 (M.L.); +39-094-478-1278 (L.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Reiter RJ, Rikhtegar R, Jalili J, Hajalioghli P, Mihanfar A, Majidinia M, Yousefi B. Melatonin: An atypical hormone with major functions in the regulation of angiogenesis. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1560-1584. [PMID: 32329956 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a pleotropic molecule with a wide distribution, has received considerable attention in recent years, mostly because of its various major effects on tissues or cells since it has both receptor-dependent and receptor-independent actions over a wide range of concentrations. These biological and physiological functions of melatonin include regulation of circadian rhythms by modulating the expression of core oscillator genes, scavenging the reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, modulating the immune system and inflammatory response, and exerting cytoprotective and antiapoptotic effects. Given the multiple critical roles of melatonin, dysregulation of its production or any disruption in signaling through its receptors may have contributed in the development of a wide range of disorders including type 2 diabetes, aging, immune-mediated diseases, hypertension, and cancer. Herein, we focus on the modulatory effects of melatonin on angiogenesis and its implications as a therapeutic strategy in cancer and related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Reza Rikhtegar
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Jalili
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Hajalioghli
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ainaz Mihanfar
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Protein Degradome of Spinal Cord Injury: Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2702-2726. [PMID: 32328876 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Degradomics is a proteomics sub-discipline whose goal is to identify and characterize protease-substrate repertoires. With the aim of deciphering and characterizing key signature breakdown products, degradomics emerged to define encryptic biomarker neoproteins specific to certain disease processes. Remarkable improvements in structural and analytical experimental methodologies as evident in research investigating cellular behavior in neuroscience and cancer have allowed the identification of specific degradomes, increasing our knowledge about proteases and their regulators and substrates along with their implications in health and disease. A physiologic balance between protein synthesis and degradation is sought with the activation of proteolytic enzymes such as calpains, caspases, cathepsins, and matrix metalloproteinases. Proteolysis is essential for development, growth, and regeneration; however, inappropriate and uncontrolled activation of the proteolytic system renders the diseased tissue susceptible to further neurotoxic processes. In this article, we aim to review the protease-substrate repertoires as well as emerging therapeutic interventions in spinal cord injury at the degradomic level. Several protease substrates and their breakdown products, essential for the neuronal structural integrity and functional capacity, have been characterized in neurotrauma including cytoskeletal proteins, neuronal extracellular matrix glycoproteins, cell junction proteins, and ion channels. Therefore, targeting exaggerated protease activity provides a potentially effective therapeutic approach in the management of protease-mediated neurotoxicity in reducing the extent of damage secondary to spinal cord injury.
Collapse
|
145
|
Panda SP, Panigrahy UP, Prasanth D, Gorla US, Guntupalli C, Panda DP, Jena BR. A trimethoxy flavonoid isolated from stem extract of Tabebuia chrysantha suppresses angiogenesis in angiosarcoma. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:990-999. [PMID: 32311118 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This research aimed to evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of isolated flavonoid 4a,5,8,8a-tetrahydro-5-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxy-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) chromen-4-one (TMF) from Tabebuia chrysantha. STAT3-MMP9 signalling is a signal transduction mechanism that promotes angiogenesis in various cancers. METHODS The tumour xenografting chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model-based ex vivo assay was used to evaluate the activity of TMF. The Western blot, densitometric analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed to evaluate the activity of the MMP9. Zebrafish embryos were used to evaluate embryotoxicity, and in vitro free radical scavenging activity of flavonoid was also elucidated. KEY FINDINGS This research assessed the high level of STAT3, p-ERK, VEGF-R and MMP9 in the tissue extract of the control group, and also, the suppression of angiogenesis in the treatment groups was due to scavenged ROS and RNS, dephosphorylation of STAT3 and ERK, and suppression of MMP9 gene expression. CONCLUSION The isolated flavonoid named TMF from T. chrysantha functions as specific regulators of target proteins of angiosarcoma. The STAT3-MMP9 signalling may be used as an effective prognostic marker of angiosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | | | - Dsnbk Prasanth
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | - Uma Sankar Gorla
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | - Chakravarthi Guntupalli
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | | | - Bikash Ranjan Jena
- Southern Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS college of Pharmacy), Guntur, India
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Uemura MT, Maki T, Ihara M, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ. Brain Microvascular Pericytes in Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:80. [PMID: 32317958 PMCID: PMC7171590 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pericytes are unique, multi-functional mural cells localized at the abluminal side of the perivascular space in microvessels. Originally discovered in 19th century, pericytes had drawn less attention until decades ago mainly due to lack of specific markers. Recently, however, a growing body of evidence has revealed that pericytes play various important roles: development and maintenance of blood–brain barrier (BBB), regulation of the neurovascular system (e.g., vascular stability, vessel formation, cerebral blood flow, etc.), trafficking of inflammatory cells, clearance of toxic waste products from the brain, and acquisition of stem cell-like properties. In the neurovascular unit, pericytes perform these functions through coordinated crosstalk with neighboring cells including endothelial, glial, and neuronal cells. Dysfunction of pericytes contribute to a wide variety of diseases that lead to cognitive impairments such as cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), acute stroke, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and other neurological disorders. For instance, in SVDs, pericyte degeneration leads to microvessel instability and demyelination while in stroke, pericyte constriction after ischemia causes a no-reflow phenomenon in brain capillaries. In AD, which shares some common risk factors with vascular dementia, reduction in pericyte coverage and subsequent microvascular impairments are observed in association with white matter attenuation and contribute to impaired cognition. Pericyte loss causes BBB-breakdown, which stagnates amyloid β clearance and the leakage of neurotoxic molecules into the brain parenchyma. In this review, we first summarize the characteristics of brain microvessel pericytes, and their roles in the central nervous system. Then, we focus on how dysfunctional pericytes contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular cognitive impairment including cerebral ‘small vessel’ and ‘large vessel’ diseases, as well as AD. Finally, we discuss therapeutic implications for these disorders by targeting pericytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maiko T Uemura
- Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,JSPS Overseas Research Fellowship Program, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takakuni Maki
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Virginia M Y Lee
- Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Lattanzi S, Di Napoli M, Ricci S, Divani AA. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:484-496. [PMID: 31975152 PMCID: PMC7283398 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10-30% of all strokes and affects more than one million people every year worldwide, and it is the stroke subtype associated with the highest rates of mortality and residual disability. So far, clinical trials have mainly targeted primary cerebral injury and have substantially failed to improve clinical outcomes. The understanding of the pathophysiology of early and delayed injury after ICH is, hence, of paramount importance to identify potential targets of intervention and develop effective therapeutic strategies. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) represent a ubiquitous superfamily of structurally related zinc-dependent endopeptidases able to degrade any component of the extracellular matrix. They are upregulated after ICH, in which different cell types, including leukocytes, activated microglia, neurons, and endothelial cells, are involved in their synthesis and secretion. The aim of this review is to summarize the available experimental and clinical evidence about the role of MMPs in brain injury following spontaneous ICH and provide critical insights into the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Di Napoli
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Camillo de' Lellis District General Hospital, Rieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Ricci
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Camillo de' Lellis District General Hospital, Rieti, Italy
| | - Afshin A Divani
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Hypergravity Activates a Pro-Angiogenic Homeostatic Response by Human Capillary Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072354. [PMID: 32231163 PMCID: PMC7177524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Capillary endothelial cells are responsible for homeostatic responses to organismic and environmental stimulations. When malfunctioning, they may cause disease. Exposure to microgravity is known to have negative effects on astronauts’ physiology, the endothelium being a particularly sensitive organ. Microgravity-related dysfunctions are striking similar to the consequences of sedentary life, bed rest, and ageing on Earth. Among different countermeasures implemented to minimize the effects of microgravity, a promising one is artificial gravity. We examined the effects of hypergravity on human microvascular endothelial cells of dermal capillary origin (HMEC-1) treated at 4 g for 15 min, and at 20 g for 15 min, 3 and 6 h. We evaluated cell morphology, gene expression and 2D motility and function. We found a profound rearrangement of the cytoskeleton network, dose-dependent increase of Focal Adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expression, suggesting cell stiffening and increased proneness to motility. Transcriptome analysis showed expression changes of genes associated with cardiovascular homeostasis, nitric oxide production, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Hypergravity-treated cells also showed significantly improved motility and function (2D migration and tube formation). These results, expanding our knowledge about the homeostatic response of capillary endothelial cells, show that adaptation to hypergravity has opposite effect compared to microgravity on the same cell type.
Collapse
|
149
|
Mastrullo V, Cathery W, Velliou E, Madeddu P, Campagnolo P. Angiogenesis in Tissue Engineering: As Nature Intended? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:188. [PMID: 32266227 PMCID: PMC7099606 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the steady increase in the number of studies focusing on the development of tissue engineered constructs, solutions delivered to the clinic are still limited. Specifically, the lack of mature and functional vasculature greatly limits the size and complexity of vascular scaffold models. If tissue engineering aims to replace large portions of tissue with the intention of repairing significant defects, a more thorough understanding of the mechanisms and players regulating the angiogenic process is required in the field. This review will present the current material and technological advancements addressing the imperfect formation of mature blood vessels within tissue engineered structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mastrullo
- Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - William Cathery
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Eirini Velliou
- Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering Group (BioProChem), Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Campagnolo
- Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Whole-Genome Uterine Artery Transcriptome Profiling and Alternative Splicing Analysis in Rat Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062079. [PMID: 32197362 PMCID: PMC7139363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the uterine artery (UA) undergoes extensive remodeling to permit a 20–40 fold increase in blood flow with associated changes in the expression of a multitude of genes. This study used next-gen RNA sequencing technology to identify pathways and genes potentially involved in arterial adaptations in pregnant rat UA (gestation day 20) compared with non-pregnant rat UA (diestrus). A total of 2245 genes were differentially expressed, with 1257 up-regulated and 970 down-regulated in pregnant UA. Gene clustering analysis revealed a unique cluster of suppressed genes implicated in calcium signaling pathway and vascular smooth muscle contraction in pregnant UA. Transcription factor binding site motif scanning identified C2H2 ZF, AP-2 and CxxC as likely factors functional on the promoters of down-regulated genes involved in calcium signaling and vascular smooth muscle contraction. In addition, 1686 genes exhibited alternative splicing that were mainly implicated in microtubule organization and smooth muscle contraction. Cross-comparison analysis identified novel genes that were both differentially expressed and alternatively spliced; these were involved in leukocyte and B cell biology and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, this first comprehensive study provides a valuable resource for understanding the molecular mechanism underlying gestational uterine arterial adaptations during pregnancy.
Collapse
|