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Yu S, Lan CCE, Yu HS. Mechanisms of repigmentation induced by photobiomodulation therapy in vitiligo. Exp Dermatol 2020; 28 Suppl 1:10-14. [PMID: 30698884 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is based on the exposure of biological tissues to low-level laser light (coherent light) or light-emitting diodes (LEDs; noncoherent light), leading to the modulation of cellular functions, such as proliferation and migration, which result in tissue regeneration. PBM therapy has important clinical applications in regenerative medicine. Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder resulting from disappearance of functional melanocytes in the involved skin. Vitiligo repigmentation depends on available melanocytes derived from (a) melanocyte stem cells located in the bulge area of hair follicles and (b) the epidermis at the lesional borders, which contains a pool of functional melanocytes. Since follicular melanoblasts (MBs) are derived from the melanocyte stem cells residing at the bulge area of hair follicle, the process of vitiligo repigmentation presents a research model for studying the regenerative effect of PBM therapy. Previous reports have shown favourable response for treatment of vitiligo with a low-energy helium-neon (He-Ne) laser. This review focuses on the molecular events that took place during the repigmentation process of vitiligo triggered by He-Ne laser (632.8 nm, red light). Monochromatic radiation in the visible and infrared A (IRA) range sustains matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), improves mitochondrial function, and increases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and O2 consumption, which lead to cellular regenerative pathways. Cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria was reported to be the photoacceptor upon which He-Ne laser exerts its effects. Mitochondrial retrograde signalling is responsible for the cellular events by red light. This review shows that He-Ne laser initiated mitochondrial retrograde signalling via a Ca2+ -dependent cascade. The impact on cytochrome c oxidase within the mitochondria, an event that results in activation of CREB (cyclic-AMP response element binding protein)-related cascade, is responsible for the He-Ne laser promoting functional development at different stages of MBs and boosting functional melanocytes. He-Ne laser irradiation induced (a) melanocyte stem cell differentiation; (b) immature outer root sheath MB migration; (c) differentiated outer root sheath MB melanogenesis and migration; and (d) perilesional melanocyte migration and proliferation. These photobiomodulation effects result in perifollocular and marginal repigmentation in vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Cheng-Che E Lan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Su Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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Fazza TF, Pinheiro BV, da Fonseca LMC, Sergio LPDS, Botelho MP, Lopes GDM, de Paoli F, da Fonseca ADS, Lucinda LMF, Reboredo MM. Effect of low-level laser therapy on the inflammatory response in an experimental model of ventilator-induced lung injury. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:1356-1363. [PMID: 32761018 PMCID: PMC8047601 DOI: 10.1039/d0pp00053a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on an experimental model of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) was evaluated in this study. 24 adult Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: protective mechanical ventilation (PMV), PMV + laser, VILI and VILI + laser. The animals of the PMV and VILI groups were ventilated with tidal volumes of 6 and 35 ml kg−1, respectively, for 90 minutes. After the first 60 minutes of ventilation, the animals in the laser groups were irradiated (808 nm, 100 mW power density, 20 J cm−2 energy density, continuous emission mode, and exposure time of 5 s) and after 30 minutes of irradiation, the animals were euthanized. Lung samples were removed for morphological analysis, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and real time quantitative polynucleotide chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The VILI group showed a greater acute lung injury (ALI) score with an increase in neutrophil infiltration, higher neutrophil count in the BAL fluid and greater cytokine mRNA expression compared to the PMV groups (p < 0.05). The VILI ± laser group when compared to the VILI group showed a lower ALI score (0.35 ± 0.08 vs. 0.54 ± 0.13, p < 0.05), alveolar neutrophil infiltration (7.00 ± 5.73 vs. 21.50 ± 9.52, p < 0.05), total cell count (1.90 ± 0.71 vs. 4.09 ± 0.96 × 105, p < 0.05) and neutrophil count in the BAL fluid (0.60 ± 0.37 vs. 2.28 ± 0.48 × 105, p < 0.05). Moreover, LLLT induced a decrease in pro-inflammatory and an increase of anti-inflammatory mRNA levels compared to the VILI group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, LLLT was found to reduce the inflammatory response in an experimental model of VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Fernanda Fazza
- Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. and Center of Reproductive Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Valle Pinheiro
- Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. and Center of Reproductive Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lídia Maria Carneiro da Fonseca
- Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. and Center of Reproductive Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Philippe da Silva Sergio
- Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mateus Pinto Botelho
- Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Gabrielle de Moura Lopes
- Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Flavia de Paoli
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
- Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leda Marília Fonseca Lucinda
- Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. and Center of Reproductive Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil and Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maycon Moura Reboredo
- Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. and Center of Reproductive Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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103
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Arias JL, Mendez M, Martínez JÁ, Arias N. Differential effects of photobiomodulation interval schedules on brain cytochrome c-oxidase and proto-oncogene expression. NEUROPHOTONICS 2020; 7:045011. [PMID: 33313338 PMCID: PMC7723391 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.7.4.045011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique capable of producing changes in the mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase (CCO) activity of neurons. Although the application of PBM in clinical practice and as a neurophysiological tool is increasing, less is known about how different treatment time intervals may result in different outcomes. Aim: We evaluated the effects of different PBM treatment intervals on brain metabolic activity through the CCO and proto-oncogene expression (c-Fos). Approach: We studied PBM effects on brain CCO and c-Fos expression in three groups of animals: Control (CN, n = 8 ), long interval PBM treatment (LI, n = 5 ), and short interval PBM treatment (SI, n = 5 ). Results: Increased CCO activity in the LI group, compared to the SI and CN groups, was found in the prefrontal cortices, dorsal and ventral striatum, and hippocampus. Regarding c-Fos expression, we found a significant increase in the SI group compared to LI and CN, whereas LI showed increased c-Fos expression compared to CN in the cingulate and infralimbic cortices. Conclusions: We show the effectiveness of different PBM interval schedules in increasing brain metabolic activity or proto-oncogene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Arias
- University of Oviedo, Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Oviedo, Spain
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Mendez
- University of Oviedo, Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Oviedo, Spain
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Ángel Martínez
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- University of Oviedo, Escuela Politécnica de Gijón, Departamento Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica, Computadores y Sistemas, Gijón, Spain
| | - Natalia Arias
- INEUROPA, Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King´s College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
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104
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Mendes C, Dos Santos Haupenthal DP, Zaccaron RP, de Bem Silveira G, Corrêa MEAB, de Roch Casagrande L, de Sousa Mariano S, de Souza Silva JI, de Andrade TAM, Feuser PE, Machado-de-Ávila RA, Silveira PCL. Effects of the Association between Photobiomodulation and Hyaluronic Acid Linked Gold Nanoparticles in Wound Healing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5132-5144. [PMID: 33455264 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Healing is the process responsible for restoring the integrity of the body's internal or external structures when they rupture. Photobiomodulation (PBM) stands out as one of the most efficient resources in the treatment of epithelial lesions, as well as hyaluronic acid (HA), which has been emerging as a new molecule for the treatment of dermal and epidermal lesions. The biological application of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) shows promising results. This study aimed to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the association between PBM and GNPs-linked HA in an epithelial lesion model. Fifty Wistar rats were randomly distributed in the Control Group (CG); (PBM); (PBM + HA); (PBM + GNPs); (PBM + GNPs-HA). The animals were anesthetized, trichotomized, and induced to a surgical incision in the dorsal region. Topical treatment with HA (0.9%) and/or GNPs (30 mg/kg) occurred daily associated with 904 nm laser irradiation, dose of 5 J/cm2, which started 24 h after the lesion and was performed daily until the seventh day. The levels of proinflammatory (IL1 and TNFα), anti-inflammatory (IL10 and IL4) and growth factors (FGF and TGFβ) cytokines and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated, besides histological analysis through inflammatory infiltrate, fibroblasts, new vessels, and collagen production area. Finally, for the analysis of wound size reduction, digital images were performed and subsequently analyzed by the IMAGEJ software. The treated groups showed a decrease in proinflammatory cytokine levels and an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines. TGFβ and FGF levels also increased in the treated groups, especially in the combination therapy group (PBM + GNPs-HA). Regarding the oxidative stress parameters, MPO, DCF, and Nitrite levels decreased in the treated groups, as well as the oxidative damage (Carbonyl and Thiol groups). In contrast, antioxidant defense increased in the groups with the appropriate therapies proposed compared to the control group. Histological sections were analyzed where the inflammatory infiltrate was lower in the PBM + GNPs-HA group. The number of fibroblasts was higher in the PBM and PBM + HA treated groups, whereas collagen production was higher in all treated groups. Finally, in the analysis of the wound area contraction, the injury group presented a larger area in cm2 compared to the other groups. Taken together, these results allow us to observe that the combination of PBM + GNPs-HA optimized the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, proliferation and cell differentiation growth factors, and made an earlier transition to the chronic phase, contributing to the repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolini Mendes
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Daniela Pacheco Dos Santos Haupenthal
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Rubya Pereira Zaccaron
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Gustavo de Bem Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Anastácio Borges Corrêa
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Laura de Roch Casagrande
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Samara de Sousa Mariano
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Science, University Center of Herminio Ometto Foundation, 13607-339 Araras São Paolo Brazil
| | - Jennyffer Ione de Souza Silva
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Science, University Center of Herminio Ometto Foundation, 13607-339 Araras São Paolo Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Emilio Feuser
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrez Machado-de-Ávila
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Santa Catarina Brazil
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105
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106
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Molina Correa JC, Padoin S, Varoni PR, Demarchi MC, Flores LJF, Nampo FK, de Paula Ramos S. Ergogenic Effects of Photobiomodulation on Performance in the 30-Second Wingate Test: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 36:1901-1908. [PMID: 32796413 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molina Correa, JC, Padoin, S, Varoni, PR, Demarchi, MC, Flores, LJ, Nampo, FK, and de Paula Ramos, S. Ergogenic effects of photobiomodulation on performance in the 30-second Wingate test: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ergogenic effects of red light (630 nm) photobiomodulation on anaerobic capacity in the Wingate test. Sixteen healthy and physically active male volunteers (21.71 ± 2.49 years of age, body mass index between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m) participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. The subjects performed 3 Wingate test sessions, with a 48-hour interval between tests. In the first session (baseline session, BS), a Wingate test was performed to evaluate the initial performance. Subjects were paired by performance in the BS and allocated through a draw to receive either the phototherapy (630 nm, 4.6 J/cm, 6 J per point, 16 points, light-emitting diode [LED] session) or placebo intervention (PLA session) in the second test session. In the third test session, a crossover intervention was performed. The repeated-measures analysis of variance test, followed by Bonferroni post hoc test or Friedman test with Dunn's post hoc test (p < 0.05) and Cohen's d statistic were used for comparisons. The LED session with phototherapy promoted an increase in performance in peak power (p < 0.05), relative power (p < 0.05), RPMpeak (p < 0.05), and peak velocity (p < 0.05), as well as total displacement (p < 0.01) compared with PLA. The mean power (p < 0.05), relative power (p < 0.05), RPMmean (p < 0.01), and mean velocity (p < 0.01) were higher in the LED session than those of BS. We concluded that phototherapy improves performance in Wingate anaerobic exercise, possibly due to large effects on the anaerobic alactic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Molina Correa
- State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation, and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Susana Padoin
- State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation, and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Pedro R Varoni
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Western Paraná, Campus de Marechal Cândido Rondon, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Michelli C Demarchi
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Western Paraná, Campus de Marechal Cândido Rondon, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucinar J F Flores
- Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation, and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, State University of Western Paraná, Campus de Marechal Cândido Rondon, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernando K Nampo
- Latin American Institute of Science of Life and Nature, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Solange de Paula Ramos
- Research Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation, and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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107
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Alayat MS, Battecha KH, ELsodany AM, Ali MI. Pulsed ND:YAG laser combined with progressive pressure release in the treatment of cervical myofascial pain syndrome: a randomized control trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2020; 32:422-427. [PMID: 32753780 PMCID: PMC7344286 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.32.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To investigate the effect of pulsed Nd:YAG laser combined with the progressive
pressure release technique (PPRT) and exercises in the treatment of myofascial trigger
points (MTrPs) in patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). [Participants and Methods]
A total of 50 patients with MTrPs in the upper trapezius muscle participated in the study.
The patients were randomly assigned to two groups and treated with laser plus PPRT (Laser
+ PPRT group) or placebo laser and exercises (PL + PPRT group). The laser was applied for
eight MTrPs with a 50 J/point. PPRT was applied for 30 seconds for each point. Exercises
included strengthening and stretching exercises applied three times per week for four
weeks. A visual analogue scale (VAS) and pressure pain threshold (PPT) were used to
measure pain and pain threshold, respectively. A cervical range of motion device (CROM)
was used to measure the cervical range of motion. [Results] Both treatment groups showed
significant improvement in CROM, PPT, and VAS post-treatment with a more significant
effect in the Laser + PPRT group compared to the PL + PPRT group. [Conclusion] PPRT and
exercises alone or that in combination with laser therapy were effective in the treatment
of active MTrPs in patients with MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Salaheldein Alayat
- Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University: 4888 Bathaa Qurish, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kadrya Hosney Battecha
- Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University: 4888 Bathaa Qurish, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mohamed ELsodany
- Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University: 4888 Bathaa Qurish, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Ali
- Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University: 4888 Bathaa Qurish, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
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108
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Pope NJ, Powell SM, Wigle JC, Denton ML. Wavelength- and irradiance-dependent changes in intracellular nitric oxide level. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-20. [PMID: 32790251 PMCID: PMC7423318 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.8.085001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Photobiomodulation (PBM) refers to the beneficial effects of low-energy light absorption. Although there is a large body of literature describing downstream physiological benefits of PBM, there is a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. At present, the most popular hypothesis is that light absorption induces release of nitric oxide (NO) from the active site of cytochrome c oxidase (COX), allowing it to bind O2 instead. This is believed to increase mitochondrial respiration, and result in greater overall health of the cell due to increased adenosine triphosphate production. AIM Although NO itself is a powerful signaling molecule involved in a host of biological responses, less attention has been devoted to NO mechanisms in the context of PBM. The purpose of our work is to investigate wavelength-specific effects on intracellular NO release in living cells. APPROACH We have conducted in-depth dosimetry analyses of NO production and function in an in vitro retinal model in response to low-energy exposure to one or more wavelengths of laser light. RESULTS We found statistically significant wavelength-dependent elevations (10% to 30%) in intracellular NO levels following laser exposures at 447, 532, 635, or 808 nm. Sequential or simultaneous exposures to light at two different wavelengths enhanced the NO modulation up to 50% of unexposed controls. Additionally, the immediate increases in cellular NO levels were independent of the function of NO synthase, depended greatly on the substrate source of electrons entering the electron transport chain, and did not result in increased levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate. CONCLUSIONS Our study concludes the simple model of light-mediated release of NO from COX is unlikely to explain the wide variety of PBM effects reported in the literature. Our multiwavelength method provides a novel tool for studying immediate and early mechanisms of PBM as well as exploring intracellular NO signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel J. Pope
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Air Force Research Laboratory, Joint Base San Antonio Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Samantha M. Powell
- National Research Council, Air Force Research Laboratory, Joint Base San Antonio Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Jeffrey C. Wigle
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Joint Base San Antonio Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Michael L. Denton
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Joint Base San Antonio Fort Sam Houston, Texas, United States
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109
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Martinelli A, Andreo L, Alves AN, Terena SML, Santos TC, Bussadori SK, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA. Photobiomodulation modulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines during the compensatory hypertrophy process in skeletal muscle. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:791-802. [PMID: 32638240 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Compensatory hypertrophy (CH) occurs due to excessive mechanical load on a muscle, promoting an increase in the size of muscle fibers. In clinical practice, situations such as partial nerve injuries, denervation, and muscle imbalance caused by trauma to muscles and nerves or diseases that promote the loss of nerve conduction can induce CH in muscle fibers. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has demonstrated beneficial effects on muscle tissue during CH. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of PBM on the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as well as type 2 metalloproteinases (MMP-2) during the process of CH due to excessive load on the plantaris muscle in rats. Forty-five Wistar rats weighing 250 g were divided into three groups: control group (n = 10), hypertrophy (H) group (n = 40), and H + PBM group (n = 40). CH was induced through the ablation of synergist muscles of the plantaris muscle. The tendons of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were isolated and sectioned to enable the partial removal of each of muscle. The preserved plantaris muscle below the removed muscles was submitted to excessive functional load. PBM was performed with low-level laser (AsGaAl, λ = 780 nm; 40 mW; energy density: 10 J/cm2; 10 s on each point, 8 points; 3.2 J). Animals from each group were euthanized after 7 and 14 days. The plantaris muscles were carefully removed and sent for analysis of the gene and protein expression of IL-6 and TNF-α using qPCR and ELISA, respectively. MMP-2 activity was analyzed using zymography. The results were submitted to statistical analysis (ANOVA + Tukey's test, p < 0.05). The protein expression analysis revealed an increase in IL-6 levels in the H + PBM group compared to the H group and a reduction in the H group compared to the control group. A reduction in TNF-α was found in the H and H + PBM groups compared to the control group at 7 days. The gene expression analysis revealed an increase in IL-6 in the H + PBM group compared to the H group at 14 days as well as an increase in TNF-α in the H + PBM group compared to the H group at 7 days. Increases in MMP-2 were found in the H and H + PBM groups compared to the control group at both 7 and 14 days. Based on findings in the present study, it is concluded that PBM was able to modulate pro-inflammatory cytokines that are essential for the compensatory hypertrophy process. However, it has not shown a modulation effect directly in MMP-2 activity during the same period evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martinelli
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil
| | - L Andreo
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil
| | - A N Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil
| | - S M L Terena
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil
| | - T C Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil
| | - S K Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil
| | - K P S Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil
| | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 349, São Paulo, SP, 01504001, Brazil.
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de Pauli Paglioni M, Faria KM, Palmier NR, Prado-Ribeiro AC, E Dias RB, da Graça Pinto H, Treister NS, Epstein JB, Migliorati CA, Santos-Silva AR, Brandão TB. Patterns of oral mucositis in advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma patients managed with prophylactic photobiomodulation therapy-insights for future protocol development. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:429-436. [PMID: 32627112 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To characterize oral sites affected by radiation-induced oral mucositis (OM) and related clinical outcomes in oral cancer patients subjected to prophylactic photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT). This study included advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients treated with prophylactic PBMT for OM. The site distribution of OM, OM grading (CTCAE NCI, Version 4.0, 2010), OM-related pain (VAS), analgesic protocol (WHO Analgesic Ladder), and use of enteral nutrition were evaluated weekly during treatment. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics expressed as median values and percentages. A total of 145 OSCC patients were included. OM most frequently affected the lateral border of the tongue (44.1%), buccal mucosa (37.2%), and labial mucosa (33.8%). Keratinized oral mucosa sites, including the tongue dorsum (6.21%), retromolar trigone (8.3%), and hard palate (2.76%), were less frequently affected. Peak OM scores were observed at weeks 5, 6, and 7, with severe OM (NCI grades 3 and 4) rates of 11%, 20%, and 25%, respectively. The cumulative occurrence of severe OM was 23%, which developed as early as week 3 and as late as week 7. The highest mean value of OM-related pain (2.7) was observed at the sixth week, and 13.8% of the patients required feeding support. This study showed, compared with studies that did not provide PBMT, reduced severity of mucositis, reduced pain and analgesic use, and reduced tube feeding in patients treated with PBMT. OM involving keratinized and non-keratinized surfaces should be included in the prophylactic PBMT to reduce severe OM in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de Pauli Paglioni
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Morais Faria
- Dental Oncology Service, São Paulo State Cancer Institute (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Natália Rangel Palmier
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Prado-Ribeiro
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Dental Oncology Service, São Paulo State Cancer Institute (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Brito E Dias
- Department of Bucomaxillofacial Prosthesis, University of São Paulo Dental School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique da Graça Pinto
- Department of Bucomaxillofacial Prosthesis, University of São Paulo Dental School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathaniel Simon Treister
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel B Epstein
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Hospital System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Bianca Brandão
- Oral Diagnosis Departament, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Dental Oncology Service, São Paulo State Cancer Institute (ICESP-FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Neves LMG, Parizotto NA, Tim CR, Floriano EM, Lopez RFV, Venâncio T, Fernandes JB, Cominetti MR. Polysaccharide-rich hydrogel formulation combined with photobiomodulation repairs UV-induced photodamage in mice skin. Wound Repair Regen 2020; 28:645-655. [PMID: 32590890 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces premature aging in both the epidermis and the dermis. Chronic exposure to UVR induces the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, activating c-Jun, c-Fos expression, and transcription factor of AP-1 activating protein. AP-1 activation results in the positive induction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) synthesis, which degrade skin collagen fibers. Polysaccharides from the fruit of Lycium barbarum (LBP fraction) have a range of activities and have been demonstrate to repair the photodamage. In different approaches, laser application aims to recover the aged skin without destroying the epidermis, promoting a modulation, called photobiomodulation (PBM), which leads to protein synthesis and cell proliferation, favoring tissue repair. Here we developed a topical hydrogel formulation from a polysaccharide-rich fraction of Lycium barbarum fruits (LBP). This formulation was associated with PBM (red laser) to evaluate whether the isolated and combined treatments would reduce the UVR-mediated photodamage in mice skin. Hairless mice were photoaged for 6 weeks and then treated singly or in combination with LBP and PBM. Histological, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence analyses were used to investigate the levels of c-Fos, c-Jun, MMP-1, -2, and -9, collagen I, III, and FGF2. The combined regimen inhibited UVR-induced skin thickening, decreased the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun, as well as MMP-1, -2, and -9 and concomitantly increased the levels of collagen I, III, and FGF2. The PBM in combination with LBP treatment is a promising strategy for the repair of photodamaged skin, presenting potential clinical application in skin rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Mara Grosso Neves
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging (LABEN), Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nivaldo Antonio Parizotto
- Joint Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine and Medical Chemistry, University of Araraquara, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, University Brazil, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Roberta Tim
- Joint Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine and Medical Chemistry, University of Araraquara, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Medeiros Floriano
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata F Vianna Lopez
- Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (FCFRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Venâncio
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Batista Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Cominetti
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging (LABEN), Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Faria LV, Andrade IN, dos Anjos LMJ, de Paula MVQ, de Souza da Fonseca A, de Paoli F. Photobiomodulation can prevent apoptosis in cells from mouse periodontal ligament. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1841-1848. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03044-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Taylor DN, Winfield T, Wynd S. Low-Level Laser Light Therapy Dosage Variables vs Treatment Efficacy of Neuromusculoskeletal Conditions: A Scoping Review. J Chiropr Med 2020; 19:119-127. [PMID: 33318730 PMCID: PMC7729198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcm.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and synthesize literature on dosage variables on the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for neuromusculoskeletal conditions. METHODS A scoping literature review was conducted by searching the following databases: the Cochrane Library, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medline, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, the Index to Chiropractic Literature, manufacturer websites, and online guidelines. The search was modeled after STARLITE criteria. The reporting used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Articles were included if LLLT was used in any treatment group for a neuromusculoskeletal complaint with dosage and effectiveness reported. This was tabulated by source, dosage variables, conditions, outcome measures, and conclusions. Data were charted in Excel format. Frequency counts were performed on ordinal data. Descriptive statistics were computed for the continuous data. RESULTS A total of 86 articles were included in the review. They revealed a broad range of musculoskeletal conditions and diverse dosage parameters. Seven individual parameters were found that would alter the dosage. Although duration of application is an independent clinical factor, the negative-outcome studies were inconsistent in duration. There was lack of statistical difference between the studies with improved vs unimproved outcomes. No statistical differences were noted between the dosage parameters and efficacy. CONCLUSION Although many articles were found on LLLT for neuromusculoskeletal conditions, the studies had amorphous parameters. A heterogeneity of reported doses precluded the synthesis of sufficient evidence to correlate dosage variables with improved or unimproved outcomes. Therefore, based on the current literature, dosage variables for the efficacy of LLLT for neuromusculoskeletal conditions are uncertain at this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N. Taylor
- Clinical Sciences Department, Texas Chiropractic College, Pasadena, Texas
| | | | - Shari Wynd
- Basic Science Department, Texas Chiropractic College, Pasadena, Texas
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114
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Cheng W, Yao M, Sun K, Li W. Progress in Photobiomodulation for Bone Fractures: A Narrative Review. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:260-271. [PMID: 32427551 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this article is to examine current concepts and the future direction of implementing photobiomodulation (PBM) for fracture treatment. Background data: The effectiveness of PBM for bone regeneration has been demonstrated throughout in vitro studies and animal models. Yet, insufficient clinical trials have been reported on treating fractures with PBM. Materials and methods: A narrative review was composed on the basis of a literary search. Inclusion criteria consisted of studies between 2000 and 2019 using animal or human fracture models. Exclusion criteria consisted of studies that did not pertain to complete fractures or used other forms of intervention. Results: Ten animal studies on rats and rabbits and four clinical trials were found on using PBM for complete fractures. Conclusions: Based on positive outcomes in animal trials, parameter optimization of PBM for human fractures still requires extensive research on factors such as dosage, wavelength, penetration depth, treatment frequency, and the use of pulsed waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weyland Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Manye Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Keming Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weili Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Effects of photobiomodulation at different wavelengths on orthodontically induced root resorption in orthodontic retention period: a micro-CT and RT-PCR study. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1419-1429. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Michanek P, Toth T, Bergström E, Treffenberg-Pettersson H, Bergh A. Effect of infrared and red monochromatic light on equine wound healing. Equine Vet J 2020; 53:143-148. [PMID: 32285517 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are commonly used for treating a variety of disorders in horses, including wounds. Despite its claim to shorten healing times, there is a lack of scientific documentation regarding its effects. OBJECTIVES To investigate if treatment with pulsating visible red light (λ ≈ 637 nm) and near-infrared (NIR) light (λ ≈ 956 nm) affects wound healing. STUDY DESIGN Randomised blinded controlled experimental study. METHODS A circular skin wound (Ø = 2 cm) was created on each side of the neck in eight healthy horses. One randomly chosen wound received light treatment and the other served as an untreated control. Treatment duration was 4 minutes and 40 seconds (red light 95 seconds, 2.3 mW/cm2 ; NIR light 185 seconds, 6.4 mW/cm2 ) and was performed once daily on day 0-4, 7-11, 14-18 and 21-25. The wounds were photographed and evaluated using digital photoplanimetry on day 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. The degree of swelling was assessed with diagnostic ultrasound on the same days except the last recording was performed on day 36 instead of 35. Days to total healing was recorded. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (P < .05). RESULTS The wound area (P = .2-.9) and degree of swelling (P = .2-1.0) did not differ between treated and control groups on any day. There was a significant difference (P = .03) in healing time between control (49.0, 95% CI = 35.4-62.6 days) and treated wounds (51.8, 95% CI = 38.7-64.8 days). MAIN LIMITATIONS The wounds were treated until day 25 and this study does not investigate the effect of a longer treatment period than 25 days. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study do not indicate any clinically relevant positive effect of pulsating visible red light and NIR light on the healing of experimental skin wounds in horses, compared with no treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Michanek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tamás Toth
- University Animal Hospital, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Evelina Bergström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Anna Bergh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Bikmulina PY, Kosheleva NV, Shpichka AI, Efremov YM, Yusupov VI, Timashev PS, Rochev YA. Beyond 2D: effects of photobiomodulation in 3D tissue-like systems. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-16. [PMID: 32351077 PMCID: PMC7189416 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.4.048001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Currently, various scaffolds with immobilized cells are widely used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the physiological activity and cell viability in such constructs might be impaired due to a lack of oxygen and nutrients. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a promising method of preconditioning cells to increase their metabolic activity and to activate proliferation or differentiation. AIM Investigation of the potential of PBM for stimulation of cell activities in hydrogels. APPROACH Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from human gingival mucosa were encapsulated in modified fibrin hydrogels with different thicknesses and concentrations. Constructs with cells were subjected to a single-time exposure to red (630 nm) and near-infrared (IR) (840 nm) low-intensity irradiation. After 3 days of cultivation, the viability and physiological activity of the cells were analyzed using confocal microscopy and a set of classical tests for cytotoxicity. RESULTS The cell viability in fibrin hydrogels depended both on the thickness of the hydrogels and the concentration of gel-forming proteins. The PBM was able to improve cell viability in hydrogels. The most pronounced effect was achieved with near-IR irradiation at the 840-nm wavelength. CONCLUSIONS PBM using near-IR light can be applied for stimulation of MSCs metabolism and proliferation in hydrogel-based constructs with thicknesses up to 3 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Y. Bikmulina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nastasia V. Kosheleva
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, Russia
- FSBSI “Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology,” Moscow, Russia
- FSBEI FPE “Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education,” Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia I. Shpichka
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri M. Efremov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir I. Yusupov
- Institute of Photon Technologies of FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter S. Timashev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Photon Technologies of FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
- N.N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Department of Polymers and Composites, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury A. Rochev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- National University of Ireland, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, Galway, Ireland
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Interaction Between Near-Infrared Radiation and Temozolomide in a Glioblastoma Multiform Cell Line: A Treatment Strategy? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 41:91-104. [PMID: 32236902 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potential therapeutic modality against cancer, resulting from the interaction of a photosensitizer (PS) and radiation that generates damage to tumor cells. The use of near-infrared radiation (IR-A) is relevant because presents recognized biological effects, such as antioxidant, neuroprotective and antitumor effects. Glioblastoma is the most aggressive central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm with high proliferation and tissue invasion capacity and is resistant to radio and chemotherapy. Here, we evaluated in vitro the possible interaction of temozolomide (TMZ) with IR-A in a glioblastoma cell line (C6) and in a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCat) how non-tumor cell model, in an attempt to search for a new treatment strategy. The effects of TMZ, IR-A and the interaction between TMZ and IR-A was evaluated by viability exclusion with trypan blue. To perform the interaction experiments, we have chosen 10 μM TMZ and 4.5 J/cm2 of IR-A. From this, we evaluated cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels (ROS), as well as the process of cell migration and the P-gp and MRP-1 activity. Cell death mainly due to apoptosis, followed by necrosis, decreased cell proliferation, increased ROS levels, decreased cell migration and decreased P-gp and MRP1 activity were observed only when there was interaction between TMZ and IR-A in the C6 cell line. The interaction between TMZ and IR-A was not able to affect cell proliferation in the HaCat non-tumor cell line. Our results suggest that this interaction could be a promising approach and that in the future may serve as an antitumor strategy for PDT application.
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Ercetin C, Sahbaz NA, Acar S, Tutal F, Erbil Y. Impact of Photobiomodulation on T3/T4 Ratio and Quality of Life in Hashimoto Thyroiditis. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:409-412. [PMID: 32186976 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective and background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is both a B cell- and T cell-mediated, organ-specific autoimmune disease. No current treatment for underlying pathological mechanisms is available for HT and once diagnosed it requires long-term levothyroxine (LT4) treatment in most patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on HT patients regarding thyroid functions, thyroid autoantibody levels, and decrease in hormone replacement needs. Methods: A total of 350 patients, who were diagnosed with Hashimoto`s thyroiditis, were included in our study. Patients were classified into two groups. Group 1 (n = 210) received PBM and dietary supplementation such as vitamin D, iron, and selenium. Group 2 (n = 140) received dietary supplements only. Patients' needs for LT4 replacement levels, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and TSH levels, T3/T4 ratio, and thyroid autoantibody levels were evaluated. Results: As we compare both groups, the increase in T3 levels and T3/T4 ratio was markedly superior in Group 1 (p = 0.0001). The decrease in thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO Ab) levels was also significantly different between both groups (p = 0.0001). Hormone replacement needs were also significantly decreased in Group 1 compared with Group 2 (p = 0.03). Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is 70 times more effective in increasing T3/T4 ratio (p = 0.001) and 15 times more effective in decreasing levothyroxine dosage. Conclusions: Our results are encouraging and PBM seems to be very effective in increasing T3/T4 ratio and decreasing TPO Ab levels and weekly dosages of LT4 replacement therapy. Anti-inflammatory properties of PBM are greatly responsible for these changes and PBM causes major improvements in HT-related symptoms of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candas Ercetin
- Department of General Surgery, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuri Alper Sahbaz
- Department of General Surgery, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sami Acar
- Department of General Surgery, Acibadem Taksim Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Firat Tutal
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Kolan Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yesim Erbil
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
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585 nm light-emitting diodes inhibit melanogenesis through upregulating H19/miR-675 axis in LEDs-irradiated keratinocytes by paracrine effect. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 98:102-108. [PMID: 32278532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 585 nm light-emitting diodes have been proven to suppress melanogenesis in melanocytes. However, whether LEDs will influence normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and paracrine effect of LEDs-irradiated NHEKs in melanogenesis remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the possible mechanisms in vitro of anti-melanogenic activity of 585 nm LEDs on paracrine effect of NHEKs and its exosomes. METHODS NHEKs irradiated with different fluences of 585 nm LEDs were evaluated the cell viability by CCK8 assay. Irradiated medium of NHEKs was co-cultured with melanocytes. Melanin content, tyrosinase activity and melanogenic enzymes activities were detected. Exosomes from NHEKs medium were isolated and characterized by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The expression changes of H19 and its encoded exosomal miR-675 were analyzed. RESULTS Irradiation with 585 nm LEDs from 0 J/cm2 to 20 J/cm2 had no cytotoxic effect on NHEKs. After co-cultured with irradiated medium of NHEKs, melanin content and tyrosinase activity were reduced and the melanogenic activities were downregulated on both mRNA and protein levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1). H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which has been proven relevant to melanogenesis, were significantly upregulated after irradiation. Furthermore, H19 knockdown and miR-675 inhibition in NHEKs could attenuate the inhibition effect of 585 nm LEDs on melanogenesis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that 585 nm LEDs could inhibit melanogenesis via the up-regulation of H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which was considered as a novel paracrine factor in regulating melanogenesis.
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Alayat MSM, Alshehri MA, Shousha TM, Abdelgalil AA, Alhasan H, Khayyat OK, Al-Attar WS. The effectiveness of high intensity laser therapy in the management of spinal disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2020; 32:869-884. [PMID: 30932879 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-181341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal disorders are common health problems which include wide categories of diseases that affect the spinal soft tissues, joints and bone. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of high intensity laser therapy (HILT) on pain and function in patients with spinal disorders. METHODS Six databases were searched up to the end of February 2018 including PubMed, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Open Grey and Grey Literature Report. In addition, the reference lists of all included studies were searched for any relevant studies. PEDro scale and GRADE system were performed to assess the quality of the studies. A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the overall effect size. RESULTS A total of ten randomised controlled trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria, with four studies of the efficacy of HILT on neck pain (NP) and six on low back pain (LBP). According to the PEDro scale assessment, only two studies were rated as high quality, while the remainder were rated as fair or low quality. Forest plots showed that HILT with exercise was significantly more effective than placebo HILT with exercise in terms of pain reduction (SMD -1.11; 95% CI -1.42 to -0.80; P< 0.00001; I2 0%) and functional improvement (SMD -1.03; 95% CI -1.33 to -0.72; P< 0.00001; I2 0%). Meta-analyses also showed that HILT alone or HILT with conventional physiotherapy (CPT) significantly provided better outcomes than CPT alone. CONCLUSIONS HILT is considered as a complementary modality for pain reduction and function improvement in patients with spinal disorders. However, the quality of the body of evidence was rated from 'very low' to 'low' quality. Further high quality trials are required for standardisation of irradiation parameters and the treatment protocol to establish the efficacy of HILT for spinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alshehri
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tamer Mohamed Shousha
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdelgalil Allam Abdelgalil
- Department of Physical Therapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hammad Alhasan
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Orjwan Khalid Khayyat
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam Saleh Al-Attar
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
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Irmak G, Demirtaş TT, Gümüşderelioğlu M. Sustained release of growth factors from photoactivated platelet rich plasma (PRP). Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 148:67-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Fu Z, Sun Y, Cakir B, Tomita Y, Huang S, Wang Z, Liu CH, S. Cho S, Britton W, S. Kern T, Antonetti DA, Hellström A, E.H. Smith L. Targeting Neurovascular Interaction in Retinal Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1503. [PMID: 32098361 PMCID: PMC7073081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tightly structured neural retina has a unique vascular network comprised of three interconnected plexuses in the inner retina (and choroid for outer retina), which provide oxygen and nutrients to neurons to maintain normal function. Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that neuronal metabolic needs control both normal retinal vascular development and pathological aberrant vascular growth. Particularly, photoreceptors, with the highest density of mitochondria in the body, regulate retinal vascular development by modulating angiogenic and inflammatory factors. Photoreceptor metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation may cause adaptive but ultimately pathological retinal vascular responses, leading to blindness. Here we focus on the factors involved in neurovascular interactions, which are potential therapeutic targets to decrease energy demand and/or to increase energy production for neovascular retinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Bertan Cakir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Yohei Tomita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Shuo Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Zhongxiao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Chi-Hsiu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Steve S. Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - William Britton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Timothy S. Kern
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - David A. Antonetti
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
| | - Ann Hellström
- Section for Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden;
| | - Lois E.H. Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (Z.F.); (Y.S.); (B.C.); (Y.T.); (S.H.); (Z.W.); (C.-H.L.); (S.S.C.); (W.B.)
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Grandi C, D’Ovidio MC. Balance between Health Risks and Benefits for Outdoor Workers Exposed to Solar Radiation: An Overview on the Role of Near Infrared Radiation Alone and in Combination with Other Solar Spectral Bands. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1357. [PMID: 32093162 PMCID: PMC7068431 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Near infrared or infrared A (IRA) accounts for over 40% of the solar spectrum (SS) and is able to reach subcutaneous tissue as well as the retina. Outdoor workers are occupationally exposed to solar radiation (SR), but the level of exposure may differ widely depending on the job performed, time spent outdoors, latitude, altitude, season, personal protection, etc. Until now, risk assessment and management for outdoor workers has focused on the prevention of both acute and long-term effects on the eye and the skin due to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) with little consideration of the other components of the SS (a possible exception is represented by visible radiation with reference to the eye). A growing body of evidence coming from in vitro studies indicates that IRA is involved in cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and may interfere with the respiratory chain in the mitochondria. Moreover, it can modulate gene expression and some metabolic pathways. The biological action of IRA is only partly attributable to a thermal mechanism, should it be also involved in photochemical ones. The cellular and molecular pathways affected by IRA are partly similar and partly different with respect to those involved in the case of visible ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. Consequently, the net effect of the SS is very difficult to predict at different levels of the biological organization, making more difficult the final balance of health risk and benefits (for the skin, eye, immune system, blood pressure, etc.) in a given exposure situation. Moreover, few in vivo studies and no epidemiological data are presently available in this regard. Investigating this topic may contribute to better defining the individual exposome. More practically, it is expected to bring benefits to the risk assessment and management for outdoor workers exposed to SS, contributing to: (1) better definition of the individual profiles of susceptibility, (2) more focused preventive and protective measures, (3) better implementation of the health surveillance and (4) a more effective information and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Grandi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy;
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125
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Photobiomodulation therapy for management of inferior alveolar nerve injury post-extraction of impacted lower third molars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:25-32. [PMID: 33907707 DOI: 10.1007/s41547-019-00075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury is one of the most serious complications after extraction of impacted lower third molars. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has been noted to reduce pain and inflammation while promoting tissue healing. This study examined the efficacy of PBM therapy tested in a case series of patients with postoperative IAN injury. Material and methods 20 patients with post-extraction IAN injury were involved in this study and divided into two groups. In the study group, PBM therapy (808-nm laser, 16 mW, 3 J/cm2) was used every other day for 2 weeks solely on post-extraction sockets in 10 patients diagnosed with IAN injury. In the control group, mecobalamine was prescribed to 10 patients with IAN injury. Objective and subjective recovery of IAN paresthesia was evaluated using clinical neurosensory testing and visual analog score. Results All patients showed improvement in both objective and subjective examination. Notably, the visual analog score was significantly improved after PBM treatment compared to the mecobalamine treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion PBM therapy with 808-nm laser appears to be an effective approach to manage paresthesia post-IAN injury following impacted third molar surgery. Given the limited sample size in this study, large-scale, placebo-controlled, multi-center randomized controlled trials are needed for further validation of this innovative treatment.
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Vitor LLR, Prado MTO, Lourenço Neto N, Oliveira RC, Sakai VT, Santos CF, Dionísio TJ, Rios D, Cruvinel T, Machado MAAM, Oliveira TM. Does photobiomodulation change the synthesis and secretion of angiogenic proteins by different pulp cell lineages? JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 203:111738. [PMID: 31954290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the synthesis and secretion of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and FGF-2 between pulp fibroblasts from human primary teeth (HPF) and stem cell from human deciduous teeth (SHED) before and after photobiomodulation. HPF were obtained from explant technique and characterized by immunohistochemistry, while SHED were obtained from digestion technique and characterized by flow cytometry. HPF (control group) and SHED were plated, let to adhere, and put on serum starvation to synchronize the cell cycles prior to photobiomodulation. Then, both cell lineages were irradiated with 660-nm laser according to the following groups: 2.5 and 3.7 J/cm2. MTT and crystal violet assays respectively verified viability and proliferation. ELISA Multiplex Assay assessed the following proteins: VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, FGF-2, at 6, 12, and 24 h after photobiomodulation, in supernatant and lysate. Two-way ANOVA/Tukey test evaluated cell viability and proliferation, while angiogenic production and secretion values were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (P < .05). Statistically similar HPF and SHED viability and proliferation patterns occurred before and after photobiomodulation (P > .05). HPF exhibited statistically greater values of all angiogenic proteins than did SHED, at all study periods, except for FGF-2 (supernatant; 12 h); VEGFR1 (lysate; non-irradiated; 12 h); and VEGFR1 (lysate; non-irradiated; 24 h). Photobiomodulation changed the synthesis and secretion of angiogenic proteins by HPF. HPF produced and secreted greater values of all tested angiogenic proteins than did SHED before and after irradiation with both energy densities of 2.5 and 3.7 J/cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariel Tavares Oliveira Prado
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalino Lourenço Neto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cardoso Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vivien Thiemy Sakai
- Department of Clinics and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ferreira Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Rios
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Cruvinel
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Marchini Oliveira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Levchenko SM, Kuzmin AN, Pliss A, Ohulchanskyy TY, Prasad PN, Qu J. Cellular transformations in near-infrared light-induced apoptosis in cancer cells revealed by label-free CARS imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900179. [PMID: 31339662 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) involves light to activate cellular signaling pathways leading to cell proliferation or death. In this work, fluorescence and Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) imaging techniques were applied to assess apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) induced by near infrared (NIR) laser light (808 nm). Using the Caspase 3/7 fluorescent probe to identify apoptotic cells, we found that the pro-apoptotic effect is significantly dependent of irradiation dose. The highest apoptosis rate was noted for the lower irradiation doses, that is, 0.3 J/cm2 (~58%) and 3 J/cm2 (~28%). The impact of light doses on proteins/lipids intracellular metabolism and distribution was evaluated using CARS imaging, which revealed apoptosis-associated reorganization of nuclear proteins and cytoplasmic lipids after irradiation with 0.3 J/cm2 . Doses of NIR light causing apoptosis (0.3, 3 and 30 J/cm2 ) induced a gradual increase in the nuclear protein level over time, in contrast to proteins in cells non-irradiated and irradiated with 10 J/cm2 . Furthermore, irradiation of the cells with the 0.3 J/cm2 dose resulted in lipid droplets (LDs) accumulation, which was apparently caused by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. We suggest that PBM induced apoptosis could be caused by the ability of NIR light to trigger excessive LDs formation which, in turn, induces cellular cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana M Levchenko
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Andrey N Kuzmin
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
- Advanced Cytometry Instrumentation Systems, LLC, Buffalo, New York
| | - Artem Pliss
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
- Advanced Cytometry Instrumentation Systems, LLC, Buffalo, New York
| | - Tymish Y Ohulchanskyy
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Paras N Prasad
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Sousa AS, Silva JF, Pavesi VCS, Carvalho NA, Ribeiro-Júnior O, Varellis MLZ, Prates RA, Bussadori SK, Gonçalves MLL, Horliana ACRT, Deana AM. Photobiomodulation and salivary glands: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:777-788. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Modrak M, Talukder MAH, Gurgenashvili K, Noble M, Elfar JC. Peripheral nerve injury and myelination: Potential therapeutic strategies. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:780-795. [PMID: 31608497 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic peripheral nerve injury represents a major clinical and public health problem that often leads to significant functional impairment and permanent disability. Despite modern diagnostic procedures and advanced microsurgical techniques, functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair is often unsatisfactory. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new therapeutic or adjunctive strategies to promote the functional recovery in nerve injury patients. In contrast to the central nervous system, Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system play a pivotal role in several aspects of nerve repair such as degeneration, remyelination, and axonal growth. Several non-surgical approaches, including pharmacological, electrical, cell-based, and laser therapies, have been employed to promote myelination and enhance functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury. This review will succinctly discuss the potential therapeutic strategies in the context of myelination following peripheral neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Modrak
- School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - M A Hassan Talukder
- Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Khatuna Gurgenashvili
- Department of Neurology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark Noble
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, The University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - John C Elfar
- Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Shi L, Buchner A, Pohla H, Pongratz T, Rühm A, Zimmermann W, Gederaas OA, Zhang L, Wang X, Stepp H, Sroka R. Methadone enhances the effectiveness of 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy for squamous cell carcinoma and glioblastoma in vitro. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800468. [PMID: 31140754 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although having shown promising clinical outcomes, the effectiveness of 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and glioblastoma remains to be improved. The analgesic drug methadone is able to sensitize various tumors to chemotherapy. In this in vitro study, the influence of methadone to the effectiveness of ALA-PDT for SCC (FADU) and glioblastoma (A172) was investigated on the protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence, survival rates, apoptosis, and cell cycle phase, each with or without the presence of methadone. The production of PpIX was increased by methadone in FADU cells while it was decreased in A172 cells. The survival rates of both cell lines treated by ALA-PDT were significantly reduced by the combination with methadone (P < .05). Methadone also significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells and improved the effect of ALA-PDT on the cell cycle phase arrest in the G0/G1 phase (P < .05). This study demonstrates the potential of methadone to influence the cytotoxic effect of ALA-PDT for both SCC and glioblastoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexander Buchner
- Labor für Tumorimmunologie, LIFE Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Pohla
- Labor für Tumorimmunologie, LIFE Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Pongratz
- Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Rühm
- Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Zimmermann
- Labor für Tumorimmunologie, LIFE Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Odrun A Gederaas
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Odrun Arna Gederaas, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Linglin Zhang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Herbert Stepp
- Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ronald Sroka
- Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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131
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Photobiomodulation via multiple-wavelength radiations. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:307-316. [PMID: 31523781 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02879-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation via a combination of different radiations can produce different effects on biological tissues, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, when compared to those produced via a single radiation. The present study aims to conduct a review of the literature addressing the results and applications of photobiomodulation induced by a combination of two or more radiations as well as their possible effects. PubMed was used to search for studies with restrictions on the year (< 50 years old) and language (English), including studies using human and animal models, either under healthy or pathologic conditions. Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the combination of different radiation effects on cells and biological tissues. Positive effects resulting from multiple-wavelength radiations could be attributed to different absorption levels because superficial and deep tissues could absorb different levels of radiations. Multiple-wavelength radiations from devices combining radiations emitted by low power lasers and light-emitting diodes could be a new approach for promoting photobiomodulation-induced beneficial effects.
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Vas K, Besenyi Z, Urbán S, Badawi A, Pávics L, Erős G, Kemény L. Efficacy and safety of long pulse 1064 and 2940 nm lasers in noninvasive lipolysis and skin tightening. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900083. [PMID: 31008550 PMCID: PMC7065637 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive body shaping is becoming a growing demand. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the combined treatments of 1064 nm Nd:YAG and 2940 nm Er:YAG in noninvasive lipolysis and skin tightening. Ten females were enrolled, and all women's side of the waist or the lower part of the abdomen were treated. In the first step, the 1064 nm Nd:YAG was used. As a second step, the 2940 nm Er:YAG laser was applied. Each woman was treated four times, once every 2 weeks. The effects were determined by comparative photo documentation, waist circumference measurement, two-dimensional B-mode ultrasonography and low-dose native computer tomography (CT), whereas body fat was monitored with bioelectric impedance. The tissue firmness was measured by ultrasound shear wave elastography. Combined laser treatment significantly reduced waist circumference and total body fat. Ultrasonography has revealed that the treatment considerably decreased fat thickness and improved skin stiffness in the treated region. Subcutaneous fat volume, measured by low-dose CT, displayed a moderate decrease in the waist region. The combined 1064 nm Nd:YAG and 2940 nm Er:YAG laser treatment results in the reduction of fat tissue and tightens the skin as confirmed by objective measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Vas
- Department of Dermatology and AllergologyUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | | | - Szabolcs Urbán
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Ashraf Badawi
- Department of Dermatology and AllergologyUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced SciencesCairo UniversityGizaEgypt
| | - László Pávics
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Gábor Erős
- Department of Dermatology and AllergologyUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and AllergologyUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
- MTA‐SZTE Dermatological Research GroupUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary
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Abstract
Next to cancer, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia is probably the most worrying health problem facing the Western world today. A large number of clinical trials have failed to show any benefit of the tested drugs in stabilizing or reversing the steady decline in cognitive function that is suffered by dementia patients. Although the pathological features of AD consisting of beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles are well established, considerable debate exists concerning the genetic or lifestyle factors that predispose individuals to developing dementia. Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the therapeutic use of red or near-infrared light to stimulate healing, relieve pain and inflammation, and prevent tissue from dying. In recent years PBM has been applied for a diverse range of brain disorders, frequently applied in a non-invasive manner by shining light on the head (transcranial PBM). The present review discusses the mechanisms of action of tPBM in the brain, and summarizes studies that have used tPBM to treat animal models of AD. The results of a limited number of clinical trials that have used tPBM to treat patients with AD and dementia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Abduch TF, da Silva PAV, de Souza ÁC, Dos Anjos LMJ, de Souza da Fonseca A, de Paoli F. Evaluation of metalloproteinases-2, -9, and -13 post photobiomodulation in mice talocrural joint. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:633-640. [PMID: 31420795 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the main constituent of connective tissue with structural and regulatory functions, stimulating cell differentiation and proliferation. Moreover, ECM is a dynamic structure in the constant remodeling process, which is controlled by a balance between metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs). Photobiomodulation (PBM) is widely described in the literature and applied in clinical practices, although its effects on ECM have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, it was evaluated if PBM could alter ECM components, such as MMP-2, -9, -13, and TIMP-2 from mice talocrural joints. Mice were divided into 3 groups (n = 6): control, PBM 3 J cm-2, and PBM 30 J cm-2. A low-level laser (830 nm, 10 mW, 0.05 irradiated area, energy densities 3 J cm-2 and 30 J cm-2, the irradiation time of 15 and 150 s, respectively, continuous wave) was applied on the joint for 4 consecutive days. mRNA levels of metalloproteinases genes (MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-13), their regulator (TIMP-2), and protein expressions of MMP-13 and TIMP-2 were quantified. PBM can alter only mRNA relative levels of MMP-2 at 30 J cm-2 (p < 0.05), while MMP-9, MMP-13, and TIMP-2 mRNA relative levels did not demonstrate statistical differences for any of the groups (p > 0.05). Regarding protein expressions, MMP-13 demonstrated positive-labeled cells, only in articular cartilage, although the cell quantification did not demonstrate statistical differences when compared with the control group (p > 0.05). TIMP-2 did not present positive-labeled cells for any tissues evaluated. Our results indicate that PBM can alter MMP-2 mRNA relative level but cannot alter MMP-9, MMP-13, and TIMP mRNA relative levels. Moreover, both MMP-13 and TIMP-2 proteins were also unaltered after PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Fraga Abduch
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde (SUPREMA), Alameda Salvaterra, n° 200, Bairro Salvaterra, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36033003, Brazil.
| | | | - Álvaro Carneiro de Souza
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n-Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036900, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Mara Januário Dos Anjos
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n-Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036900, Brazil
| | - Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de Setembro, 87, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551-030, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, 20211040, Brazil.,Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Avenida Alberto Torres 111, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25964004, Brazil
| | - Flávia de Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n-Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036900, Brazil
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135
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Improving mitochondrial function significantly reduces the rate of age related photoreceptor loss. Exp Eye Res 2019; 185:107691. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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136
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Negri LB, Martins TJ, da Silva RS, Hamblin MR. Photobiomodulation combined with photodynamic therapy using ruthenium phthalocyanine complexes in A375 melanoma cells: Effects of nitric oxide generation and ATP production. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 198:111564. [PMID: 31382090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Light irradiation has been used in clinical therapy for several decades. In this context, photobiomodulation (PBM) modulates signaling pathways via ROS, ATP, Ca2+, while photodynamic therapy (PDT) generates reactive oxygen species by excitation of a photosensitizer. NO generation could be an important tool when combined with both kinds of light therapy. By using a metal-based compound, we found that PBM combined with PDT could be a beneficial cancer treatment option. We used two types of ruthenium compounds, ([Ru(Pc)], Pc = phthalocyanine) and trans-[Ru(NO)(NO2)(Pc)]. The UV-vis spectra of both complexes displayed a band in the 660 nm region. In the case of 0.5 μM trans-[Ru(NO)(NO2)(Pc)], light irradiation at the Q-band reduced the percentage of viable human melanoma (A375) cells to around 50% as compared to [Ru(Pc)]. We hypothesized that these results were due to a synergistic effect between singlet oxygen and nitric oxide. Similar experiments performed with PDT (660 nm) combined with PBM (850 nm) induced more photocytotoxicity using both [Ru(Pc)] and trans-[Ru(NO)(NO2)(Pc)]. This was interpreted as PBM increasing cell metabolism (ATP production) and the consequent higher uptake of the ruthenium phthalocyanine compounds and more efficient apoptosis. The use of metal-based photosensitizers combined with light therapy may represent an advance in the field of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laísa Bonafim Negri
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tassia Joi Martins
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto Santana da Silva
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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137
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Effects of photobiomodulation on mitochondria of brain, muscle, and C6 astroglioma cells. Med Eng Phys 2019; 71:108-113. [PMID: 31303375 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different doses of photobiomodulation (PBM) on mitochondrial respiratory complexes and oxidative cellular energy metabolic enzymes in the mitochondria of brain, muscle, and C6 glioma cells after different time intervals. C6 cells were irradiated with an AlGaInP laser at 10, 30, and 60 J/cm2 for 20, 60, and 120 s, respectively. After irradiation, the cells were maintained in serum-free Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium for 24 h, and biochemical measurements were made subsequently. Mitochondrial suspensions from adult rat skeletal muscles/brains were irradiated with an AlGaInP laser at the abovementioned doses. In one group, the reaction was stopped 5 min after irradiation and in the other 60 min after irradiation. Both the C6 cells that received the doses of 10 and 30 J/cm² showed increased complex I activity; the cells that were irradiated at 30 J/cm2 showed increased hexokinase activity. Five minutes after the introduction of PBM of the muscle mitochondria (at 30 and 60 J/cm2), the activity of complex I increased, while the activity of complex IV increased only at 60 J/cm2. One hour after the laser session, complex II activity increased in the cells treated with 10 and 60 J/cm²; however, complex IV activity showed an increase in all PBM groups. In brain mitochondria, 5 min after irradiation only the activity of complex IV increased in all PBM groups. One hour after the laser session, complex II activity increased at 60 J/cm2, and complex IV activity increased for all PBM groups when compared to controls. PBM could increase the activity of respiratory chain complexes in an apparently dose- and time-dependent manner.
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138
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Pasternak-Mnich K, Ziemba B, Szwed A, Kopacz K, Synder M, Bryszewska M, Kujawa J. Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy on the Increase of Viability and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Lasers Surg Med 2019; 51:824-833. [PMID: 31165521 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We have investigated how low intensity laser irradiation emitted by a multiwave-locked system (MLS M1) affects the viability and proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) depending on the parameters of the irradiation. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells isolated surgically from the femoral bone during surgery were identified by flow cytometry and cell differentiation assays. For irradiation, two wavelengths (808 and 905 nm) with the following parameters were used: power density 195, 230, and 318 mW/cm 2 , doses of energy 3, 10, and 20 J (energy density 0.93-6.27 J/cm 2 ), and in continuous (CW) or pulsed emission (PE) (frequencies 1,000 and 2,000 Hz). RESULTS There were statistically significant increases of cell viability and proliferation after irradiation at 3 J (CW; 1,000 Hz), 10 J (1,000 Hz), and 20 J (2,000 Hz). CONCLUSIONS Irradiation with the MLS M1 system can be used in vitro to modulate MSCs in preparation for therapeutic applications. This will assist in designing further studies to optimize the radiation parameters and elucidate the molecular mechanisms of action of the radiation. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Pasternak-Mnich
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213, Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Ziemba
- Department of Clinical Genetic, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szwed
- Department of General Biophysics, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Kopacz
- "DynamoLab" Academic Laboratory of Movement and Human Physical Performance, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Synder
- Medical Faculty, Clinic of Orthopedics and Pediatric Orthopedics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kujawa
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213, Lodz, Poland
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139
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Hamblin MR. How to Write a Good Photobiomodulation Article. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:325-326. [PMID: 31099699 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hamblin
- Department of Dermatology, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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140
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Kuratli J, Borel N. Perspective: Water-Filtered Infrared-A-Radiation (wIRA) - Novel Treatment Options for Chlamydial Infections? Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1053. [PMID: 31134043 PMCID: PMC6522854 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-filtered infrared-A-radiation (wIRA) is a promising therapeutic method, which is particularly used as supportive treatment for wound closure, and wound infection treatment and prevention. High penetration properties of the heat field and beneficial effects on wound healing processes predispose wIRA irradiation to be a non-invasive treatment method for bacterial infections in superficial tissues. Since Chlamydia trachomatis still represents the leading cause of infectious blindness in third world countries (WHO http://www.who.int/topics/trachoma/en/) and wIRA displays beneficial effects on chlamydial infections in vitro without inducing cellular damage in ex vivo eye models and also shows beneficial effects on wound healing, this irradiation technique might represent a promising future treatment for trachoma patients. To this end, further studies investigating shorter irradiation times or irradiation of Chlamydia in chronic infections [the chlamydial stress response (Bavoil, 2014)] as well as safety studies in animal models should clearly be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Kuratli
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Borel
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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141
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Babaee A, Nematollahi-Mahani SN, Dehghani-Soltani S, Shojaei M, Ezzatabadipour M. Photobiomodulation and gametogenic potential of human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:239-245. [PMID: 31029424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, light emitting diode (LED) irradiation has been introduced as a new strategy to enhance proliferation and affect differentiation of stem cells. Human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal (hWJM) cells have unique characteristics that make them an appropriate source of stem cells for use in basic and clinical applications. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of polarized (PL) and non-polarized (NPL) red light irradiation on gametogenic differentiation of hWJM cells in the presence or absence of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and retinoic acid (RA). Exposure of hWJM cells to PL and NPL red LED (625 nm, 1.9 J/cm2) with or without BMP4+RA pre-treatment effectively differentiated them into germ lineage when the gene expression pattern (Fragilis, DAZL, VASA, SCP3 and Acrosin) and protein synthesis (anti-DAZL, anti-VASA, anti-SCP3 and anti-Acrosin antibodies) of the induced cells was evaluated. These data demonstrated that photobiomodulation may be applied for gametogenic differentiation in-vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolreza Babaee
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | | | - Samereh Dehghani-Soltani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | | | - Massood Ezzatabadipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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142
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Levchenko SM, Kuzmin AN, Ohulchanskyy TY, Pliss A, Qu J, Prasad PN. Near-Infrared Irradiation Affects Lipid Metabolism in Neuronal Cells, Inducing Lipid Droplets Formation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1517-1523. [PMID: 30499655 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that lipids play an outstanding role in cellular regulation, and their dysfunction has been linked to many diseases. Thus, modulation of lipid metabolism may provide new pathways for disease treatment or prevention. In this work, near-infrared (NIR) light was applied to modulate lipid metabolism and increase intracellular lipid content in rat cortical neurons (RCN). Using label-free CARS microscopy, we have monitored the intracellular lipid content in RCN at a single-cell level. A major increase in average level of lipid per cell after treatment with laser diode at 808 nm was found, nonlinearly dependent on the irradiation dose. Moreover, a striking formation of lipid droplets (LDs) in the irradiated RCN was discovered. Further experiments and analysis reveal a strong correlation between NIR light induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipids level, and LDs formation in RCN. Our findings can contribute to a development of therapeutic approaches for neurological disorders via NIR light control of lipid metabolism in neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana M. Levchenko
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518060, China
| | - Andrey N. Kuzmin
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
- Advanced
Cytometry
Instrumentation Systems, LLC, 640 Ellicott Street − Suite 499, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518060, China
| | - Artem Pliss
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
- Advanced
Cytometry
Instrumentation Systems, LLC, 640 Ellicott Street − Suite 499, Buffalo, New York 14203, United States
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518060, China
| | - Paras N. Prasad
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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Ultra-Low-Level Laser Therapy and Acupuncture Libralux: What Is so Special? MEDICINES 2019; 6:medicines6010040. [PMID: 30875856 PMCID: PMC6473762 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Contrary to the most credited theories on laser therapy that see power/energy as the major factors to its effectiveness, a technique using an extremely low power/energy laser stimulation to treat musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction is proposed. The stimulus consists of a 20 s train of modulated pulses with an average power below 0.02 mW and is applied on sequences of acupuncture points selected according to the impaired segment of the patient’s body. Methods: Modifications on the extracellular soft tissue matrix and on the “fascia” were sonographically demonstrated. Laboratory and clinical tests confirmed the effectiveness. Results: Responses similar to those experienced in acupuncture were observed. The device—a CE Class IIa certified medical device named Libralux—affords a clinically proven effectiveness exceeding 80% in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions and associated motor dysfunctions. An average of just three application sessions was generally sufficient to overcome the dysfunction. Conclusions: The development of the method is supported by over 20 years of R&D activities, with a range of experiments discussed in several papers published in indexed peer-reviewed journals. A few considerations regarding the possible physiological action mechanisms involved are proposed in this paper.
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144
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Photobiomodulation can improve ovarian activity in polycystic ovary syndrome-induced rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 194:6-13. [PMID: 30897401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Follicular cystic ovary disease is a common reproductive disorder in women and females of domestic animals, characterized by anovulation and the persistence of follicle is a common cause of reproductive failure in mammalian. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism (HA), chronic anovulation and polycystic ovaries, and it is a common reproductive endocrine disease with clinical manifestations including hirsutism, acne, infertility and obesity that can affect 5-20% of women in their reproductive age. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been investigated and used in clinical practice, related to biomodulatory influences on cellular functions in animals and humans, both in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we include endocrine and reproductive features in a rat model for PCOS and the effects of PBM on ovarian activities. Forty-five adult female Wistar rats PCOS-induced by a single dose of the estradiol valerate (EV) were used in the study. After the EV injection for PCO induction, rats were divided into 9 groups (n = 5/group) named C30, C45 and C60 (Control group), S30, S45 and S60 (PCO group) and L30, L45 and L60 (PCO/Laser group). The rats were irradiated with laser 3 times/week. The results shown that EV PCO-induced rats had increased body mass, reduced ovary mass, and reduced GSI. The plasma levels of P4 and T were increased, and the LH plasma level was decreased by PBM stimulation. The number of ovarian follicles and corpus luteum were increased, and the number of ovarian cysts was decreased by PBM stimulation. Thus, reproductive and endocrine characteristics were modulated by PBM.
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145
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Chao LL. Effects of Home Photobiomodulation Treatments on Cognitive and Behavioral Function, Cerebral Perfusion, and Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Patients with Dementia: A Pilot Trial. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:133-141. [PMID: 31050950 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the effects of transcranial and intranasal photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, administered at home, in patients with dementia. Background: This study sought to replicate and build upon a previously published case series report describing improved cognitive function in five patients with mild-to-moderate dementia after 12 weeks of transcranial and intranasal near-infrared (NIR) PBM therapy. Materials and methods: Eight participants (mean age: 79.8 ± 5.8 years old) diagnosed with dementia by their physicians were randomized to 12 weeks of usual care (UC, n = 4) or home PBM treatments (n = 4). The NIR PBM treatments were administered by a study partner at home three times per week with the Vielight Neuro Gamma device. The participants were assessed with the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive (ADAS-cog) subscale and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) at baseline and 6 and 12 weeks, and with arterial spin-labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting-state functional MRI at baseline and 12 weeks. Results: At baseline, the UC and PBM groups did not differ demographically or clinically. However, after 12 weeks, there were improvements in ADAS-cog (group × time interaction: F1,6 = 16.35, p = 0.007) and NPI (group × time interaction: F1,6 = 7.52, p = 0.03), increased cerebral perfusion (group × time interaction: F1,6 = 8.46, p < 0.03), and increased connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex and lateral parietal nodes within the default-mode network in the PBM group. Conclusions: Because PBM was well tolerated and associated with no adverse side effects, these results support the potential of PBM therapy as a viable home treatment for individuals with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda L Chao
- 1 Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California.,2 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging and University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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146
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da Silva PAV, Dos Anjos LMJ, Abduch TF, Pereira R, da Fonseca ADS, de Paoli F. Photobiomodulation can alter mRNA levels cell death-related. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 34:1373-1380. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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147
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Dos Anjos LMJ, Salvador PA, de Souza ÁC, de Souza da Fonseca A, de Paoli F, Gameiro J. Modulation of immune response to induced-arthritis by low-level laser therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800120. [PMID: 30203577 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As low-level laser therapy immune cells responses are not always clarified, this study aimed to evaluate cytokines and immune cells profile after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on arthritis-induced model. Arthritis was induced in C57BL/6 mice divided into five groups: euthanized 5 hours after inflammation induction; untreated; dexamethasone treated; LLLT at 3 Jcm-2 ; LLLT at 30 Jcm-2 . Cytokine measurements by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and mRNA cytokine relative levels by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed with arthritic ankle (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and TGF-β). Macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, lymphocytes CD4+ , CD8+ , Treg and costimulatory proteins were quantified in proximal lymph node by flow cytometry. Data showed decrease in all cytokine levels after LLLT and alteration in mRNA relative levels, depending on the energy density used. LLLT was able to increase of immune cell populations analyzed in the lymph node as well as costimulatory proteins expression on macrophages and dendritic cells. Treg TCD4+ and TCD8+ population enrichment were observed in LLLT at 3 and 30 Jcm-2 groups, respectively. Furthermore, Treg TCD8+ cells expressing higher levels of CD25 were observed at LLLT at 30 Jcm-2 group. Our results indicate that LLLT could change the inflammatory course of arthritis, tending to accelerate its resolution through immune cells photobiostimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia Mara J Dos Anjos
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pollyanna A Salvador
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Álvaro C de Souza
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia de Paoli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jacy Gameiro
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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148
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Mussttaf RA, Jenkins DFL, Jha AN. Assessing the impact of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on biological systems: a review. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:120-143. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1524944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruwaidah A. Mussttaf
- School of Computing, Electronics and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - David F. L. Jenkins
- School of Computing, Electronics and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Awadhesh N. Jha
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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149
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Clinical and laboratory skin biomarkers of organ-specific diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 177:144-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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150
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Hamblin MR, Huang YY, Heiskanen V. Non-mammalian Hosts and Photobiomodulation: Do All Life-forms Respond to Light? Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:126-139. [PMID: 29882348 PMCID: PMC6286699 DOI: 10.1111/php.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser (light) therapy, was discovered over 50 years ago, but only recently has it been making progress toward wide acceptance. PBM originally used red and near-infrared (NIR) lasers, but now other wavelengths and non-coherent light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are being explored. The almost complete lack of side effects makes the conduction of controlled clinical trials relatively easy. Laboratory research has mainly concentrated on mammalian cells (normal or cancer) in culture, and small rodents (mice and rats) as models of different diseases. A sizeable body of work was carried out in the 1970s and 1980s in Russia looking at various bacterial and fungal cells. The present review covers some of these studies and a recent number of papers that have applied PBM to so-called "model organisms." These models include flies (Drosophila), worms (Caenorhabditis elegans), fish (zebrafish) and caterpillars (Galleria). Much knowledge about the genomics and proteomics, and many reagents for these organisms already exist. They are inexpensive to work with and have lower regulatory barriers compared to vertebrate animals. Other researchers have studied different models (snails, sea urchins, Paramecium, toads, frogs and chickens). Plants may respond to NIR light differently from visible light (photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis) but PBM in plants has not been much studied. Veterinarians routinely use PBM to treat non-mammalian patients. The conclusion is that red or NIR light does indeed have significant biologic effects conserved over many different kingdoms, and perhaps it is true that "all life-forms respond to light."
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ying-Ying Huang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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